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coagulation/flocculation</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: coagulation/flocculation"> <meta name="keywords" content="coagulation/flocculation"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="coagulation/flocculation"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 188</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: coagulation/flocculation</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">158</span> Mechanical Characterization and Impact Study on the Environment of Raw Sediments and Sediments Dehydrated by Addition of Polymer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Kasmi">A. Kasmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20E.%20Abriak"> N. E. Abriak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Benzerzour"> M. Benzerzour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Shahrour"> I. Shahrour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Large volumes of river sediments are dredged each year in Europe in order to maintain harbour activities and prevent floods. The management of this sediment has become increasingly complex. Several European projects were implemented to find environmentally sound solutions for these materials. The main objective of this study is to show the ability of river sediment to be used in road. Since sediments contain a high amount of water, then a dehydrating treatment by addition of the flocculation aid has been used. Firstly, a lot of physical characteristics are measured and discussed for a better identification of the raw sediment and this dehydrated sediment by addition the flocculation aid. The identified parameters are, for example, the initial water content, the density, the organic matter content, the grain size distribution, the liquid limit and plastic limit and geotechnical parameters. The environmental impacts of the used material were evaluated. The results obtained show that there is a slight change on the physical-chemical and geotechnical characteristics of sediment after dehydration by the addition of polymer. However, these sediments cannot be used in road construction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rive%20sediment" title="rive sediment">rive sediment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dehydration" title=" dehydration"> dehydration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flocculation%20aid%20or%20polymer" title=" flocculation aid or polymer"> flocculation aid or polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristics" title=" characteristics"> characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatments" title=" treatments"> treatments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorisation" title=" valorisation"> valorisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=road%20construction" title=" road construction"> road construction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36314/mechanical-characterization-and-impact-study-on-the-environment-of-raw-sediments-and-sediments-dehydrated-by-addition-of-polymer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36314.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">157</span> Hybrid Solutions in Physicochemical Processes for the Removal of Turbidity in Andean Reservoirs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20C%C3%A1rdenas%20Gaudry">María Cárdenas Gaudry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonzalo%20Ramces%20Fano%20Miranda"> Gonzalo Ramces Fano Miranda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sediment removal is very important in the purification of water, not only for reasons of visual perception but also because of its association with odor and taste problems. The Cuchoquesera reservoir, which is in the Andean region of Ayacucho (Peru) at an altitude of 3,740 meters above sea level, visually presents suspended particles and organic impurities indicating that it contains water of dubious quality to deduce that it is suitable for direct consumption of human beings. In order to quantitatively know the degree of impurities, water quality monitoring was carried out from February to August 2018, in which four sampling stations were established in the reservoir. The selected measured parameters were electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, pH, color, turbidity, and sludge volume. The indicators of the studied parameters exceed the permissible limits except for electrical conductivity (190 μS/cm) and total dissolved solids (255 mg/L). In this investigation, the best combination and the optimal doses of reagents were determined that allowed the removal of sediments from the waters of the Cuchoquesera reservoir, through the physicochemical process of coagulation-flocculation. In order to improve this process during the rainy season, six combinations of reagents were evaluated, made up of three coagulants (ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate, and aluminum sulfate) and two natural flocculants: prickly pear powder (Opuntia ficus-indica) and tara gum (Caesalpinia spinoza). For each combination of reagents, jar tests were developed following the central composite experimental design (CCED), where the design factors were the doses of coagulant and flocculant and the initial turbidity. The results of the jar tests were adjusted to mathematical models, obtaining that to treat the water from the Cuchoquesera reservoir, with a turbidity of 150 UTN and a color of 137 U Pt-Co, 27.9 mg/L of the coagulant aluminum sulfate with 3 mg/L of the natural tara gum flocculant to produce a purified water quality of 1.7 UTN of turbidity and 3.2 U Pt-Co of apparent color. The estimated cost of the dose of coagulant and flocculant found was 0.22 USD/m³. This is how “grey-green” technologies can be used as a combination in nature-based solutions in water treatment, in this case, to achieve potability, making it more sustainable, especially economically, if green technology is available at the site of application of the nature-based hybrid solution. This research is a demonstration of the compatibility of natural coagulants/flocculants with other treatment technologies in the integrated/hybrid treatment process, such as the possibility of hybridizing natural coagulants with other types of coagulants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prickly%20pear%20powder" title="prickly pear powder">prickly pear powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tara%20gum" title=" tara gum"> tara gum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nature-based%20solutions" title=" nature-based solutions"> nature-based solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aluminum%20sulfate" title=" aluminum sulfate"> aluminum sulfate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jar%20test" title=" jar test"> jar test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbidity" title=" turbidity"> turbidity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation" title=" coagulation"> coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flocculation" title=" flocculation"> flocculation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152304/hybrid-solutions-in-physicochemical-processes-for-the-removal-of-turbidity-in-andean-reservoirs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152304.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">156</span> Flocculation on the Treatment of Olive Oil Mill Wastewater: Pre-Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Hodaifa">G. Hodaifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20A.%20P%C3%A1ez"> J. A. Páez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Agabo"> C. Agabo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Ramos"> E. Ramos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20Guti%C3%A9rrez"> J. C. Gutiérrez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rosal"> A. Rosal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, the continuous two-phase decanter process used for olive oil production is the more internationally widespread. The wastewaters generated from this industry (OMW) is a real environmental problem because of its high organic load. Among proposed treatments for these wastewaters, the advanced oxidation technologies (Fenton process, ozone, photoFenton, etc.) are the most favourable. The direct application of these processes is somewhat expensive. Therefore, the application of a previous stage based on a flocculation-sedimentation operation is of high importance. In this research five commercial flocculants (three cationic, and two anionic) have been used to achieve the separation of phases (liquid clarified-sludge). For each flocculant, different concentrations (0-1000 mg/L) have been studied. In these experiments, sludge volume formed over time and the final water quality were determined. The final removal percentages of total phenols (11.3-25.1%), COD (5.6-20.4%), total carbon (2.3-26.5%), total organic carbon (1.50-23.8%), total nitrogen (1.45-24.8%), and turbidity (27.9-61.4%) were obtained. Also, the variation on the electric conductivity reduction percentage (1-8%) was determined. Finally, the best flocculants with highest removal percentages have been determined (QG2001 and Flocudex CS49). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flocculants" title="flocculants">flocculants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flocculation" title=" flocculation"> flocculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=olive%20oil%20mill%20wastewater" title=" olive oil mill wastewater"> olive oil mill wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20372/flocculation-on-the-treatment-of-olive-oil-mill-wastewater-pre-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20372.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">539</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">155</span> Establishing Reference Intervals for Routine Coagulation Tests</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santina%20Sahibon">Santina Sahibon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sivasooriar%20Sivaneson"> Sivasooriar Sivaneson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Giddy"> Martin Giddy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nelson%20Nheu"> Nelson Nheu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Sazeelah"> Siti Sazeelah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Choo%20Kok%20Ming"> Choo Kok Ming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thuhairah%20Abdul%20Rahman"> Thuhairah Abdul Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatmawati%20Binti%20Kamal"> Fatmawati Binti Kamal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Establishing population-based reference intervals (RI) are essential when evaluating laboratory test results and for method verification. Our laboratory initiated an exercise to establish RI for routine coagulation profile as part of the method verification procedure and to determine any differences in RI between three analyzers planned to be used in the laboratory. Methodology: 145 blood samples were collected and analysed for activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), and fibrinogen] using three coagulation analysers which were CA104, CA660, and CS-2500 (Sysmex, USA). RI was established at 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles. Results: The RI for aPTT between C104, C660 and CS-2500 are (RI: 20.5-30.2 sec), (RI: 21.5-29.2 sec) and (RI: 22.7-30.3 sec) respectively. The RI for PT were (RI: 7.5-10.3 sec), (RI: 9.2- 11.1 sec) and (RI: 9.8-11.9 sec) for C104, CA660 and CS-2500 respectively. INR had an RI of (RI: 0.87- 1.16), (RI: 0.89-1.10) and (0.90-1.11) respectively on CA104, C660 and CS-2500. Fibrinogen RI was (RI: 2.04-4.62 g/L) and (2.05-4.76 g/L) on the CA660 and CS-2500, respectively. Conclusion: The RI was similar across the analytical platforms for aPTT, INR, and fibrinogen. However, CA104 showed lower RI compared to the other two analysers for PT. This highlights the potential variability in results between instruments that need to be addressed when verifying RI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation" title="coagulation">coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reference%20interval" title=" reference interval"> reference interval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=APTT" title=" APTT"> APTT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PT" title=" PT"> PT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=INR" title=" INR"> INR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibrinogen" title=" fibrinogen"> fibrinogen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149682/establishing-reference-intervals-for-routine-coagulation-tests" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149682.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">187</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">154</span> Mixed Treatment (Physical-Chemical and Biological) of Ouled Fayet Landfill Leachates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Balamane-Zizi">O. Balamane-Zizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20M.%20Rouidi"> L. M. Rouidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Boukhrissa"> A. Boukhrissa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Daas"> N. Daas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ait-amar"> H. Ait-amar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study was to test the possibility of a mixed treatment (physical-chemical and biological) of Ouled Fayet leachates which date of 10 years and has a large fraction of hard COD that can be reduced by coagulation-flocculation. Previous batch tests showed the possibility of applying the physical-chemical and biological treatments separately; the removal efficiencies obtained in this case were not interesting. We propose, therefore, to test the possibility of a combined treatment, in order to improve the quality of the leachates. Estimation of the treatment’s effectiveness was done by analysis of some pollution parameters such as COD, suspended solids, and heavy metals (particularly iron and nickel). The main results obtained after the combination of treatments, show reduction rate of about 63% for COD, 73% for suspended solids and 80% for iron and nickel. We also noted an improvement in the turbidity of treated leachates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landfill%20leachates" title="landfill leachates">landfill leachates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COD" title=" COD"> COD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical-chemical%20treatment" title=" physical-chemical treatment"> physical-chemical treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20treatment" title=" biological treatment"> biological treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32364/mixed-treatment-physical-chemical-and-biological-of-ouled-fayet-landfill-leachates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">474</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">153</span> Municipal Leachate Treatment by Using Polyaluminium Chloride as a Coagulant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syeda%20Azeem%20Unnisa">Syeda Azeem Unnisa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was undertaken at Jawaharnagar Solid Waste Municipal Dumpsite, Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation, Telangana State, India in 2017 which generates 90,000 litres of leachate per day. The main objective of the leachate treatment was to remove organic compounds like color, suspended solids, ammonia and COD by coagulation-flocculation using polyaluminum chloride (PAC) as coagulant which has higher coagulant efficiency and relative low cost compared to the conventional coagulants. Jar test apparatus was used to conduct experiments for pH 7, rapid mixing speed 150 rpm for 3 minute, slow mixing speed 30 rpm for 20 minute and the settling time of 30 minute for different dosage of PAC (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5 and 5.0 g/L). The highest percentage of removal of suspended solids, color, COD and ammonical nitrogen are 97%, 96%, 60% and 37% with PAC optimum dose of 2.0 g/l. The results indicate that the PAC was effective in leachate treatment which is very much suitable for high toxicity of waste and economically feasible for Indian conditions. The treated water can be utilized for other purpose apart from drinking. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulant" title="coagulant">coagulant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leachate" title=" leachate"> leachate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyaluminium%20chloride" title=" polyaluminium chloride"> polyaluminium chloride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81837/municipal-leachate-treatment-by-using-polyaluminium-chloride-as-a-coagulant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">206</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">152</span> On the Mathematical Modelling of Aggregative Stability of Disperse Systems </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnold%20M.%20Brener">Arnold M. Brener</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lesbek%20Tashimov"> Lesbek Tashimov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ablakim%20S.%20Muratov"> Ablakim S. Muratov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper deals with the special model for coagulation kernels which represents new control parameters in the Smoluchowski equation for binary aggregation. On the base of the model the new approach to evaluating aggregative stability of disperse systems has been submitted. With the help of this approach the simple estimates for aggregative stability of various types of hydrophilic nano-suspensions have been obtained. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregative%20stability" title="aggregative stability">aggregative stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation%20kernels" title=" coagulation kernels"> coagulation kernels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disperse%20systems" title=" disperse systems"> disperse systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10336/on-the-mathematical-modelling-of-aggregative-stability-of-disperse-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">151</span> Evaluation of Coagulation State in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) by Thromboelastogram (TEG)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Javad%20Esmaeili">Mohammad Javad Esmaeili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Coagulopathy is one of the complications with end stage renal disease with high prevalence in the world. Thromboelastogram is adynamic test for evaluation of coagulopathy and we have compared our patient's coagulation profiles with the results of TEG. Material and methods: In this study 50 patients with ESRD who were on regular hemodialysis for at least 6 months was selected with simple sampling and their coagulation profile was done with blood sampling and also TEG was done for every patient. Data were analyzed with SPSS and P<0.05 consider significant. Results: Protein s, Protein c and Antithrombin III deficiency was detected in 32%, 16% and 20% of patients and activated protein c resistance was abnormal in 2% of patients. In TEG, R time in 49% and K in 22/5% of patients was lower than normal and a-angle in 26% and maximum amplitude in 36% of patients was upper than normal (Hypercoagulable state). PS with R and ATIII with K have correlation. Conclusion: R time and K in TEG can be a suitable screening test in patients with suspicious to PS and ATIII deficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thromboelastography" title="thromboelastography">thromboelastography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20kidney%20disease" title=" chronic kidney disease"> chronic kidney disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coagulating%20disorder" title=" Coagulating disorder"> Coagulating disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemodialysis" title=" hemodialysis"> hemodialysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162888/evaluation-of-coagulation-state-in-patients-with-end-stage-renal-disease-esrd-by-thromboelastogram-teg" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162888.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">150</span> Sudden Death and Chronic Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC): Two Case Reports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saker%20Lilia">Saker Lilia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youcef%20Mellouki"> Youcef Mellouki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhdar%20Sellami"> Lakhdar Sellami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yacine%20Zerairia"> Yacine Zerairia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhaid%20Zetili"> Abdelhaid Zetili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatma%20Guahria"> Fatma Guahria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fateh%20Kaious"> Fateh Kaious</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nesrine%20Belkhodja"> Nesrine Belkhodja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelhamid%20Mira"> Abdelhamid Mira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Sudden death is regarded as a suspicious demise necessitating autopsy, as stipulated by legal authorities. Chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is an acquired clinical and biological syndrome characterized by a severe and fatal prognosis, stemming from systemic, uncontrolled, diffuse coagulation activation. Irrespective of their origins, DIC is associated with a diverse spectrum of manifestations, encompassing minor biological coagulation alterations to profoundly severe conditions wherein hemorrhagic complications may take precedence. Simultaneously, microthrombi contribute to the development of multi-organ failures. Objective This study seeks to evaluate the role of autopsy in determining the causes of death. Materials and Methods: We present two instances of sudden death involving females who underwent autopsy at the Forensic Medicine Department of the University Hospital of Annaba, Algeria. These autopsies were performed at the request of the prosecutor, aiming to determine the causes of death and illuminate the exact circumstances surrounding it. Methods Utilized: Analysis of the initial information report; Findings from postmortem examinations; Histological assessments and toxicological analyses. Results: The presence of DIC was noted, affecting nearly all veins with distinct etiologies. Conclusion: For the establishment of a meaningful diagnosis: • Thorough understanding of the subject matter is imperative; • Precise alignment with medicolegal data is essential. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20disseminated%20intravascular%20coagulation" title="chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation">chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sudden%20death" title=" sudden death"> sudden death</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autopsy" title=" autopsy"> autopsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=causes%20of%20death" title=" causes of death"> causes of death</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171956/sudden-death-and-chronic-disseminated-intravascular-coagulation-dic-two-case-reports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">149</span> Possibility of Prediction of Death in SARS-Cov-2 Patients Using Coagulogram Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omonov%20Jahongir%20Mahmatkulovic">Omonov Jahongir Mahmatkulovic</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: To study the significance of D-dimer (DD), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), and fibrinogen coagulation parameters (Fg) in predicting the course, severity and prognosis of COVID-19. Source and method of research: From September 15, 2021, to November 5, 2021, 93 patients aged 25 to 60 with suspected COVID-19, who are under inpatient treatment at the multidisciplinary clinic of the Tashkent Medical Academy, were retrospectively examined. DD, PT, APTT, and Fg were studied in dynamics and studied changes. Results: Coagulation disorders occurred in the early stages of COVID-19 infection with an increase in DD in 54 (58%) patients and an increase in Fg in 93 (100%) patients. DD and Fg levels are associated with the clinical classification. Of the 33 patients who died, 21 had an increase in DD in the first laboratory study, 27 had an increase in DD in the second and third laboratory studies, and 15 had an increase in PT in the third test. The results of the ROC analysis of mortality showed that the AUC DD was three times 0.721, 0.801, and 0.844, respectively; PT was 0.703, 0.845, and 0.972. (P<0:01). Conclusion”: Coagulation dysfunction is more common in patients with severe and critical conditions. DD and PT can be used as important predictors of mortality from COVID-19. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Covid19" title="Covid19">Covid19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DD" title=" DD"> DD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PT" title=" PT"> PT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coagulogram%20analysis" title=" Coagulogram analysis"> Coagulogram analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=APTT" title=" APTT"> APTT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149695/possibility-of-prediction-of-death-in-sars-cov-2-patients-using-coagulogram-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">148</span> Cheese Production at Low Temperatures Using Probiotic L. casei ATCC 393 and Rennin Enzyme Entrapped in Tubular Cellulose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleftheria%20Barouni">Eleftheria Barouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonia%20Terpou"> Antonia Terpou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Kanellaki"> Maria Kanellaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Argyro%20Bekatorou"> Argyro Bekatorou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Athanasios%20A.Koutinas"> Athanasios A.Koutinas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present work was to evaluate the production of cheese using a composite filter of tubular cellulose (TC) with [a] entrapped rennin enzyme and [b] immobilized L.casei and entrapped enzyme. Tubular cellulose from sawdust was prepared after lignin removal with 1% NaOH. The biocatalysts were thermally dried at 38oC and used for milk coagulation. The effect of temperature (5,20,37 oC) of the first dried biocatalyst on the pH kinetics of milk coagulation was examined. The optimum temperature (37oC) of the first biocatalyst was used for milk coagulation with the second biocatalyst prepared by entrapment of both rennin enzyme and probiotic lactic acid bacteria in order to introduce a sour taste in cheeses. This co-biocatalyst was used for milk coagulation. Samples were studied as regards its effect on lactic acid formation and its correlation with taste test results in cheeses. For both biocatalysts samples were analyzed for total acidity and lactic acid formation by HPLC. The quality of the produced cheeses was examined through the determination of volatile compounds by SPME GC/MS analysis. Preliminary taste tests and microbiological analysis were performed and encourage us for further research regarding scale up. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tubular%20cellulose" title="tubular cellulose">tubular cellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lactobacillus%20casei" title=" Lactobacillus casei"> Lactobacillus casei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rennin%20enzyme" title=" rennin enzyme"> rennin enzyme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cheese%20production" title=" cheese production "> cheese production </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20867/cheese-production-at-low-temperatures-using-probiotic-l-casei-atcc-393-and-rennin-enzyme-entrapped-in-tubular-cellulose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20867.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">147</span> A Review of Recent Studies on Advanced Technologies for Water Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deniz%20Sahin">Deniz Sahin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Growing concern for the presence and contamination of heavy metals in our water supplies has steadily increased over the last few years. A number of specialized technologies including precipitation, coagulation/flocculation, ion exchange, cementation, electrochemical operations, have been developed for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. However, these technologies have many limitations in the application, such as high cost, low separation efficiency, Recently, numerous approaches have been investigated to overcome these difficulties and membrane filtration, advanced oxidation technologies (AOPs), and UV irradiation etc. are sufficiently developed to be considered as alternative treatments. Many factors come into play when selecting wastewater treatment technology, such as type of wastewater, operating conditions, economics etc. This study describes these various treatment technologies employed for heavy metal removal. Advantages and disadvantages of these technologies are also compared to highlight their current limitations and future research needs. For example, we investigated the applicability of the ultraﬁltration technology for treating of heavy metal ions (e.g., Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Zn(II)) from synthetic wastewater solutions. Results shown that complete removal of metal ions, could be achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal" title="heavy metal">heavy metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment%20methodologies" title=" treatment methodologies"> treatment methodologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20treatment" title=" water treatment"> water treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97580/a-review-of-recent-studies-on-advanced-technologies-for-water-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">146</span> Constitutive Flo1p Expression on Strains Bearing Deletions in Genes Involved in Cell Wall Biogenesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lethukuthula%20Ngobese">Lethukuthula Ngobese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abin%20Gupthar"> Abin Gupthar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Govender"> Patrick Govender </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ability of yeast cell wall-derived mannoproteins (glycoproteins) to positively contribute to oenological properties has been a key factor that stimulates research initiatives into these industrially important glycoproteins. In addition, and from a fundamental research perspective, yeast cell wall glycoproteins are involved in a wide range of biological interactions. To date, and to the best of our knowledge, our understanding of the fine molecular structure of these mannoproteins is fairly limited. Generally, the amino acid sequences of their protein moieties have been established from structural and functional analysis of the genomic sequence of these yeasts whilst far less information is available on the glycosyl moieties of these mannoproteins. A novel strategy was devised in this study that entails the genetic engineering of yeast strains that over-express and release cell wall-associated glycoproteins into the liquid growth medium. To this end, the Flo1p mannoprotein was overexpressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae laboratory strains bearing a specific deletion in KNR4 and GPI7 genes involved in cell wall biosynthesis that have been previously shown to extracellularly hyper-secrete cell wall-associated glycoproteins. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -based cloning strategy was employed to generate transgenic yeast strains in which the native cell wall FLO1 glycoprotein-encoding gene is brought under transcriptional control of the constitutive PGK1 promoter. The modified Helm’s flocculation assay was employed to assess flocculation intensities of a Flo1p over-expressing wild type and deletion mutant as an indirect measure of their abilities to release the desired mannoprotein. The flocculation intensities of the transformed strains were assessed and all the strains showed similar intensities (>98% flocculation). To assess if mannoproteins were released into the growth medium, the supernatant of each strain was subjected to the BCA protein assay and the transformed Δknr4 strain showed a considerable increase in protein levels. This study has the potential to produce mannoproteins in sufficient quantities that may be employed in future investigations to understand their molecular structures and mechanisms of interaction to the benefit of both fundamental and industrial applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycoproteins" title="glycoproteins">glycoproteins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20engineering" title=" genetic engineering"> genetic engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flocculation" title=" flocculation"> flocculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=over-expression" title=" over-expression"> over-expression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21553/constitutive-flo1p-expression-on-strains-bearing-deletions-in-genes-involved-in-cell-wall-biogenesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21553.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">145</span> Shear Enhanced Flotation Technology Applied to Treat Winery Wastewater</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernard%20Bladergroen">Bernard Bladergroen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Vlotman"> David Vlotman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bradley%20Cerff"> Bradley Cerff</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The agricultural sector is one which requires and consumes large amounts of water globally. Commercial wine production, in particular, uses extensive volumes of fresh water and generates significant volumes of wastewater through various processes. The wastewater produced by wineries typically exhibits elevated levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), acidic pH and varying salinity and nutrient contents. This study investigates the performance of a shear-enhanced flotation separation (SEFS) pilot plant as a primary treatment stage during winery wastewater processing by modifying a conventional Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) system. The SEFS pilot plant achieved a 99% reduction in both turbidity and TSS in comparison to the 97% achieved with the conventional DAF system. The COD was reduced by 66% and 51% for the SEFS and DAF systems, respectively. SEFS shows the advantages of hydrodynamic shear to enhance the coagulation and subsequent flocculation processes with a significant reduction of coagulant and flocculant (36% and 31%, respectively). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20enhanced%20flotation" title="shear enhanced flotation">shear enhanced flotation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=suspended%20solids" title=" suspended solids"> suspended solids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20wastewater%20treatment" title=" primary wastewater treatment"> primary wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zeta%20potential" title=" zeta potential"> zeta potential</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172998/shear-enhanced-flotation-technology-applied-to-treat-winery-wastewater" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">144</span> Electrochemical Coagulation of Synthetic Textile Dye Wastewater</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20B.%20Rekha">H. B. Rekha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Usha%20N.%20Murthy"> Usha N. Murthy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prashanth"> Prashanth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashoka"> Ashoka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dyes are manufactured to have high chemical resistance because they are normally species, very difficult to degrade (reactive dyes). It damages flora and fauna. Furthermore, coloured components are highly hazardous. So removal of dyes becomes a challenge for both textile industry and water treatment facility. Dyeing wastewater is usually treated by conventional methods such as biological oxidation and adsorption but nowadays them becoming in-adequate because of large variability of composition of waste water. In the present investigation, mild steel electrodes of varying surface area were used for treatment of synthetic textile dye. It appears that electro-chemical coagulation could be very effective in removing coloured from wastewater; it could also be used to remove other parameters like chlorides, COD, and solids to some extent. In the present study, coloured removal up to 99% was obtained for surface area of mild steel electrode of 80 cm2 and 96% of surface area of mild steel electrode of 50 cm2. The findings from this study could be used to improve the design of electro-chemical treatment systems and modify existing systems to improve efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20coagulation" title="electrochemical coagulation">electrochemical coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mild%20steel" title=" mild steel"> mild steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colour" title=" colour"> colour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20engineering" title=" environmental engineering"> environmental engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5718/electrochemical-coagulation-of-synthetic-textile-dye-wastewater" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5718.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">143</span> Cysteine Proteases of Plants That Act on the Coagulation Cascade: Approach from Bioinformatics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tapiwa%20Brine%20Mutsauri">Tapiwa Brine Mutsauri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The MEROPS system is an information resource for proteases that classifies them into clans according to their catalytic type. Within the Plant kingdom, cysteine proteases are one of the best known, as they are the catalytic type on which the first studies on plant proteases were focused. Plant cysteine proteases have a similar mechanism of action to serine proteases, and some are known to have activity on factors of the blood coagulation cascade, such as a potent antithrombotic effect, and also cause increased fibrinolysis. Of a few plant cysteine proteases, the three-dimensional structure is known, so a method of interest to be able to predict their potential activity on the factors of the coagulation cascade would be to know their structure. Phylogenetics is the study of the evolutionary relationships between biological entities, often species, individuals, or genes (which can be called taxa). It is essential to identify the evolutionary position and the possible distribution of these enzymes in the plant kingdom, particularly those that act on coagulation factors. Bioinformatic tools, such as Clustal Omega / Jalview and Mega6, can be used to create phylogenetic trees. From the results of the alignment, it can be seen that although there is a certain degree of conservation (Conservation) and consensus (Consensus) among the eleven sequences, the functionally important motifs (those corresponding to the active site), the degree of conservation and consensus is very low. We could then infer that although activity on coagulation is reported for these enzymes, linked to their structural and mechanistic similarity with serine proteases, this activity may not have a direct or primary relationship with the proteolytic activity associated with their common, poorly conserved active site in this case. This ultimately could be related to modifications in the reaction mechanism of several of the enzymes studied, which would require more detailed study. Also, below, we will deal with factors that may have a greater influence on this result. The results of this work enrich the understanding of how species (and molecular sequences in general) evolve. Through phylogenetics, we learn not only how sequences came to be the way they are today but also the general principles that allow us to predict how they will change in the future. For pharmaceutical sciences, phylogenetic selection of biologically related species can help identify closely related members of a species with compounds of pharmacological importance, such as plant cysteine proteases, in addition to identifying structural features that may influence their pharmacological activity and which can be valuable for drug design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computational%20simulation" title="computational simulation">computational simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proteases" title=" proteases"> proteases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation" title=" coagulation"> coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioinformatics" title=" bioinformatics"> bioinformatics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192574/cysteine-proteases-of-plants-that-act-on-the-coagulation-cascade-approach-from-bioinformatics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">17</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">142</span> Studies on Dye Removal by Aspergillus niger Strain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Mahmoud">M. S. Mahmoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samah%20A.%20Mohamed"> Samah A. Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neama%20A.%20Sobhy"> Neama A. Sobhy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For color removal from wastewater containing organic contaminants, biological treatment systems have been widely used such as physical and chemical methods of flocculation, coagulation. Fungal decolorization of dye containing wastewater is one of important goal in industrial wastewater treatment. This work was aimed to characterize Aspergillus niger strain for dye removal from aqueous solution and from raw textile wastewater. Batch experiments were studied for removal of color using fungal isolate biomass under different conditions. Environmental conditions like pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial dye concentration were studied. Influence of the pH on the removal of azo dye by Aspergillus niger was carried out between pH 1.0 and pH 11.0. The optimum pH for red dye decolonization was 9.0. Results showed the decolorization of dye was decreased with the increase of its initial dye concentration. The adsorption data was analyzed based on the models of equilibrium isotherm (Freundlich model and Langmuir model). During the adsorption isotherm studies; dye removal was better fitted to Freundlich model. The isolated fungal biomass was characterized according to its surface area both pre and post the decolorization process by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. Results indicate that the isolated fungal biomass showed higher affinity for dye in decolorization process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass" title="biomass">biomass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosorption" title=" biosorption"> biosorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dye" title=" dye"> dye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=isotherms" title=" isotherms"> isotherms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48461/studies-on-dye-removal-by-aspergillus-niger-strain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">141</span> Evaluation of Coagulation Efficiency of Protein Extracts from Lupinus Albus L., Moringa Stenopetala Cufod., Trigonella Foenum-Graecum L. And Vicia Faba L. For Water Purification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neway%20Adele">Neway Adele</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adey%20Feleke"> Adey Feleke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Access to clean drinking water is a basic human right. However, an estimated 1.2 billion people across the world consume unclean water daily. Interest has been growing in natural coagulants as the health and environmental concerns of conventional chemical coagulants are rising. Natural coagulants have the potential to serve as alternative water treatment agents. In this study, Lupinus albus, Moringa stenopetala, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Vicia faba protein extracts were evaluated as natural coagulants for water treatment. The protein extracts were purified from crude extracts using a protein purifier, and protein concentrations were determined by the spectrophotometric method. Small-volume coagulation efficiency tests were conducted on raw water taken from the Legedadi water treatment plant. These were done using a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment with settling times of 0 min (initial time), 90 min, 180 min and 270 min and protein extract doses of 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 15 mg/L and 20 mg/L. Raw water as negative control and polyelectrolyte as positive control were also included. The optical density (OD) values were measured for all the samples. At 270 min and 20 mg/L, the coagulation efficiency percentages for Lupinus albus, Moringa stenopetala, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Vicia faba protein extracts were 71%, 89%, 12% and 67% in the water sample collected in April 2019 respectively. Similarly, Lupinus albus, Moringa stenopetala and Vicia faba achieved 17%, 92% and 12% at 270 min settling times and 5 mg/L, 20 mg/L and 10 mg/L concentration in the water sample collected from August 2019, respectively. Negative control (raw water) and polyelectrolyte (positive control) were also 6 − 10% and 89 − 94% at 270 min settling time in April and August 2019, respectively. Among the four protein extracts, Moringa stenopetala showed the highest coagulation efficiency, similar to polyelectrolyte. This study concluded that Moringa stenopetala protein extract could be used as a natural coagulant for water purification in both sampling times. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation%20efficiency" title="coagulation efficiency">coagulation efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraction" title=" extraction"> extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20coagulant" title=" natural coagulant"> natural coagulant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20extract" title=" protein extract"> protein extract</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169808/evaluation-of-coagulation-efficiency-of-protein-extracts-from-lupinus-albus-l-moringa-stenopetala-cufod-trigonella-foenum-graecum-l-and-vicia-faba-l-for-water-purification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169808.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">140</span> Effect of Polymer Residues for Wastewater Treatment from Petroleum Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chayonnat%20Thanamun">Chayonnat Thanamun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kreangkrai%20Maneeintr"> Kreangkrai Maneeintr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For petroleum industry, polymer flooding is the one of the main methods in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) that is used water-soluble polymer such as partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) to increase oil production. It is added to the flooding water to improve the mobility ratio in the flooding process. During the polymer flooding process, water is produced as a by-product along with oil and gas production. This produced water is a mixture of inorganic and organic compound. Moreover, produced water is more difficult to treat than that from water flooding. In this work, the effect of HPAM residue on the wastewater treatment from polymer flooding is studied. Polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is selected to use as a flocculant. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of polymer residues in produced water on the wastewater treatment by using PAC. The operating parameters of this study are flocculant dosage ranging from 300,400 and 500 mg/L temperature from 30-50 Celsius degree and HPAM concentrations from 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/L. Furthermore, the turbidity, as well as total suspended solids (TSS), are also studied. The results indicated that with an increase in HPAM concentration, the TSS and turbidity increase gradually with the increasing of coagulant dosage under the same temperature. Also, the coagulation-flocculation performance is improved with the increasing temperature. This can be applied to use in the wastewater treatment from oil production before this water can be injected back to the reservoir. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title="wastewater treatment">wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petroleum%20production" title=" petroleum production"> petroleum production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyaluminium%20chloride" title=" polyaluminium chloride"> polyaluminium chloride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyacrylamide" title=" polyacrylamide"> polyacrylamide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97516/effect-of-polymer-residues-for-wastewater-treatment-from-petroleum-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">139</span> One Pot Synthesis of Cu–Ni–S/Ni Foam for the Simultaneous Removal and Detection of Norfloxacin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xincheng%20Jiang">Xincheng Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanyan%20An"> Yanyan An</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaoyao%20Huang"> Yaoyao Huang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%20Ding"> Wei Ding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manli%20Sun"> Manli Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Li"> Hong Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huaili%20Zheng"> Huaili Zheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The residual antibiotics in the environment will pose a threat to the environment and human health. Thus, efficient removal and rapid detection of norfloxacin (NOR) in wastewater is very important. The main sources of NOR pollution are the agricultural, pharmaceutical industry and hospital wastewater. The total consumption of NOR in China can reach 5440 tons per year. It is found that neither animals nor humans can totally absorb and metabolize NOR, resulting in the excretion of NOR into the environment. Therefore, residual NOR has been detected in water bodies. The hazards of NOR in wastewater lie in three aspects: (1) the removal capacity of the wastewater treatment plant for NOR is limited (it is reported that the average removal efficiency of NOR in the wastewater treatment plant is only 68%); (2) NOR entering the environment will lead to the emergence of drug-resistant strains; (3) NOR is toxic to many aquatic species. At present, the removal and detection technologies of NOR are applied separately, which leads to a cumbersome operation process. The development of simultaneous adsorption-flocculation removal and FTIR detection of pollutants has three advantages: (1) Adsorption-flocculation technology promotes the detection technology (the enrichment effect on the material surface improves the detection ability); (2) The integration of adsorption-flocculation technology and detection technology reduces the material cost and makes the operation easier; (3) FTIR detection technology endows the water treatment agent with the ability of molecular recognition and semi-quantitative detection for pollutants. Thus, it is of great significance to develop a smart water treatment material with high removal capacity and detection ability for pollutants. This study explored the feasibility of combining NOR removal method with the semi-quantitative detection method. A magnetic Cu-Ni-S/Ni foam was synthesized by in-situ loading Cu-Ni-S nanostructures on the surface of Ni foam. The novelty of this material is the combination of adsorption-flocculation technology and semi-quantitative detection technology. Batch experiments showed that Cu-Ni-S/Ni foam has a high removal rate of NOR (96.92%), wide pH adaptability (pH=4.0-10.0) and strong ion interference resistance (0.1-100 mmol/L). According to the Langmuir fitting model, the removal capacity can reach 417.4 mg/g at 25 °C, which is much higher than that of other water treatment agents reported in most studies. Characterization analysis indicated that the main removal mechanisms are surface complexation, cation bridging, electrostatic attraction, precipitation and flocculation. Transmission FTIR detection experiments showed that NOR on Cu-Ni-S/Ni foam has easily recognizable FTIR fingerprints; the intensity of characteristic peaks roughly reflects the concentration information to some extent. This semi-quantitative detection method has a wide linear range (5-100 mg/L) and a low limit of detection (4.6 mg/L). These results show that Cu-Ni-S/Ni foam has excellent removal performance and semi-quantitative detection ability of NOR molecules. This paper provides a new idea for designing and preparing multi-functional water treatment materials to achieve simultaneous removal and semi-quantitative detection of organic pollutants in water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption-flocculation" title="adsorption-flocculation">adsorption-flocculation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotics%20detection" title=" antibiotics detection"> antibiotics detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu-Ni-S%2FNi%20foam" title=" Cu-Ni-S/Ni foam"> Cu-Ni-S/Ni foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=norfloxacin" title=" norfloxacin"> norfloxacin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165571/one-pot-synthesis-of-cu-ni-sni-foam-for-the-simultaneous-removal-and-detection-of-norfloxacin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165571.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">76</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">138</span> Effectiveness of Jackfruit Seed Starch as Coagulant Aid in Landfill Leachate Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Suffian%20Yusoff">Mohd Suffian Yusoff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Aina%20Mohamad%20Zuki"> Noor Aina Mohamad Zuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Faiz%20Muaz%20Ahmad%20Zamri"> Mohd Faiz Muaz Ahmad Zamri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, aluminium sulphate (alum), ferric chloride and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) are the most common coagulants being used for leachate coagulation-flocculation treatment. However, the impact of these residual’s coagulants have sparked huge concern ceaselessly. Therefore, development of natural coagulant as an alternative coagulant for treatment process has been given full attentions. In this attempt jackfruit seed starch (JSS) was produce by extraction method. The removal efficiency was determined using jar test method. The removal of organic matter and ammonia were compared between JSS used in powder form and diluted form in leachate. The yield of starch from the extraction method was 33.17 % with light brown in colour. The removal of turbidity was the highest at pH 8 for both diluted and powdered JSS with 38% and 8.7% of removal. While for colour removal the diluted JSS showed 18.19% of removal compared to powdered JSS. The diluted JSS also showed the highest removal of suspended solid with 3.5% compared to powdered JSS with 2.8%. Instead of coagulant, JSS as coagulant aid has succeed to reduce the dosage of PAC from 900 mg/L to 528 mg/L by maintaining colour and turbidity removal up to 94% and 92 % respectively. The JSS coagulant also has decreased the negative charge of the leachate nearly to the neutral charge (0.209 mv). The result proved that JSS was more effective to be used as coagulant aid landfill leachate treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landfill%20leachate" title="landfill leachate">landfill leachate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20coagulant" title=" natural coagulant"> natural coagulant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackfruit%20seed%20starch" title=" jackfruit seed starch"> jackfruit seed starch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulant" title=" coagulant"> coagulant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17307/effectiveness-of-jackfruit-seed-starch-as-coagulant-aid-in-landfill-leachate-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> An Evaluation of Solubility of Wax and Asphaltene in Crude Oil for Improved Flow Properties Using a Copolymer Solubilized in Organic Solvent with an Aromatic Hydrocarbon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20Anisuzzaman">S. M. Anisuzzaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sariah%20Abang"> Sariah Abang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awang%20Bono"> Awang Bono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Krishnaiah"> D. Krishnaiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20M.%20Ismail"> N. M. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20B.%20Sandrison"> G. B. Sandrison</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wax and asphaltene are high molecular weighted compounds that contribute to the stability of crude oil at a dispersed state. Transportation of crude oil along pipelines from the oil rig to the refineries causes fluctuation of temperature which will lead to the coagulation of wax and flocculation of asphaltenes. This paper focuses on the prevention of wax and asphaltene precipitate deposition on the inner surface of the pipelines by using a wax inhibitor and an asphaltene dispersant. The novelty of this prevention method is the combination of three substances; a wax inhibitor dissolved in a wax inhibitor solvent and an asphaltene solvent, namely, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer dissolved in methylcyclohexane (MCH) and toluene (TOL) to inhibit the precipitation and deposition of wax and asphaltene. The objective of this paper was to optimize the percentage composition of each component in this inhibitor which can maximize the viscosity reduction of crude oil. The optimization was divided into two stages which are the laboratory experimental stage in which the viscosity of crude oil samples containing inhibitor of different component compositions is tested at decreasing temperatures and the data optimization stage using response surface methodology (RSM) to design an optimizing model. The results of experiment proved that the combination of 50% EVA + 25% MCH + 25% TOL gave a maximum viscosity reduction of 67% while the RSM model proved that the combination of 57% EVA + 20.5% MCH + 22.5% TOL gave a maximum viscosity reduction of up to 61%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphaltene" title="asphaltene">asphaltene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethylene-vinyl%20acetate" title=" ethylene-vinyl acetate"> ethylene-vinyl acetate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methylcyclohexane" title=" methylcyclohexane"> methylcyclohexane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toluene" title=" toluene"> toluene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wax" title=" wax"> wax</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69607/an-evaluation-of-solubility-of-wax-and-asphaltene-in-crude-oil-for-improved-flow-properties-using-a-copolymer-solubilized-in-organic-solvent-with-an-aromatic-hydrocarbon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Assessing the Efficiency of Pre-Hospital Scoring System with Conventional Coagulation Tests Based Definition of Acute Traumatic Coagulopathy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Venencia%20Albert">Venencia Albert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arulselvi%20Subramanian"> Arulselvi Subramanian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hara%20Prasad%20Pati"> Hara Prasad Pati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asok%20K.%20Mukhophadhyay"> Asok K. Mukhophadhyay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acute traumatic coagulopathy in an endogenous dysregulation of the intrinsic coagulation system in response to the injury, associated with three-fold risk of poor outcome, and is more amenable to corrective interventions, subsequent to early identification and management. Multiple definitions for stratification of the patients' risk for early acute coagulopathy have been proposed, with considerable variations in the defining criteria, including several trauma-scoring systems based on prehospital data. We aimed to develop a clinically relevant definition for acute coagulopathy of trauma based on conventional coagulation assays and to assess its efficacy in comparison to recently established prehospital prediction models. Methodology: Retrospective data of all trauma patients (n = 490) presented to our level I trauma center, in 2014, was extracted. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was done to establish cut-offs for conventional coagulation assays for identification of patients with acute traumatic coagulopathy was done. Prospectively data of (n = 100) adult trauma patients was collected and cohort was stratified by the established definition and classified as "coagulopathic" or "non-coagulopathic" and correlated with the Prediction of acute coagulopathy of trauma score and Trauma-Induced Coagulopathy Clinical Score for identifying trauma coagulopathy and subsequent risk for mortality. Results: Data of 490 trauma patients (average age 31.85±9.04; 86.7% males) was extracted. 53.3% had head injury, 26.6% had fractures, 7.5% had chest and abdominal injury. Acute traumatic coagulopathy was defined as international normalized ratio ≥ 1.19; prothrombin time ≥ 15.5 s; activated partial thromboplastin time ≥ 29 s. Of the 100 adult trauma patients (average age 36.5±14.2; 94% males), 63% had early coagulopathy based on our conventional coagulation assay definition. Overall prediction of acute coagulopathy of trauma score was 118.7±58.5 and trauma-induced coagulopathy clinical score was 3(0-8). Both the scores were higher in coagulopathic than non-coagulopathic patients (prediction of acute coagulopathy of trauma score 123.2±8.3 vs. 110.9±6.8, p-value = 0.31; trauma-induced coagulopathy clinical score 4(3-8) vs. 3(0-8), p-value = 0.89), but not statistically significant. Overall mortality was 41%. Mortality rate was significantly higher in coagulopathic than non-coagulopathic patients (75.5% vs. 54.2%, p-value = 0.04). High prediction of acute coagulopathy of trauma score also significantly associated with mortality (134.2±9.95 vs. 107.8±6.82, p-value = 0.02), whereas trauma-induced coagulopathy clinical score did not vary be survivors and non-survivors. Conclusion: Early coagulopathy was seen in 63% of trauma patients, which was significantly associated with mortality. Acute traumatic coagulopathy defined by conventional coagulation assays (international normalized ratio ≥ 1.19; prothrombin time ≥ 15.5 s; activated partial thromboplastin time ≥ 29 s) demonstrated good ability to identify coagulopathy and subsequent mortality, in comparison to the prehospital parameter-based scoring systems. Prediction of acute coagulopathy of trauma score may be more suited for predicting mortality rather than early coagulopathy. In emergency trauma situations, where immediate corrective measures need to be taken, complex multivariable scoring algorithms may cause delay, whereas coagulation parameters and conventional coagulation tests will give highly specific results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trauma" title="trauma">trauma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulopathy" title=" coagulopathy"> coagulopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prediction" title=" prediction"> prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89616/assessing-the-efficiency-of-pre-hospital-scoring-system-with-conventional-coagulation-tests-based-definition-of-acute-traumatic-coagulopathy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Addition of Phosphates on Stability of Sterilized Goat Milk in Different Seasons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mei-Jen%20Lin">Mei-Jen Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan-Yuan%20Yu"> Yuan-Yuan Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low heat stability of goat milk limited the application of ultra-high temperature (UHT) sterilization on producing sterilized goat milk in order to keep excess goat milk in summer for producing goat dairy products in winter in Taiwan. Therefore, this study aimed to add stabilizers in goat milk to increase the heat stability for producing UHT sterilized goat milk preserved for making goat dairy products in winter. The amounts of 0.05-0.11% blend of sodium phosphates (Na) and blend of sodium/potassium phosphates (Sp) were added in raw goat milk at different seasons a night before autoclaved sterilization at 135°C 4 sec. The coagulation, ion calcium concentration and ethanol stability of sterilized goat milk were analyzed. Results showed that there were seasonal differences on choosing the optimal stabilizers and the addition levels. Addition of 0.05% and 0.22% of both Na and Sp salts in Spring goat milk, 0.10-0.11% of both Na and Sp salts in Summer goat milk, and 0.05%Na Sp group in Autumn goat milk were coagulated after autoclaved, respectively. There was no coagulation found with the addition of 0.08-0.09% both Na and Sp salts in goat milk; furthermore, the ionic calcium concentration were lower than 2.00 mM and ethanol stability higher than 70% in both 0.08-0.09% Na and Sp salts added goat milk. Therefore, the optimal addition level of blend of sodium phosphates and blend of sodium/potassium phosphates were 0.08-0.09% for producing sterilized goat milk at different seasons in Taiwan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation" title="coagulation">coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goat%20milk" title=" goat milk"> goat milk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphates" title=" phosphates"> phosphates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63070/addition-of-phosphates-on-stability-of-sterilized-goat-milk-in-different-seasons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Treatment of Sanitary Landfill Leachate by Advanced Oxidation Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Kerbachi">R. Kerbachi </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Medkour"> Y. Medkour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Sahnoune"> F. Sahnoune</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The integrated waste management is an important aspect in the implementation of sustainable development. Leachate generated by sanitary landfills is a high-strength wastewater that is likely to contain large amounts of organic and inorganic matter, with humic substances, as well as ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals, chlorinated organic and inorganic salts. Untreated leachates create a great potential for harm to the environment, they can permeate ground water or mix with surface water and contribute to the pollution of soil, ground water, and surface water. In Algeria, the treatment of landfill leachate is the weakest link in the solid waste management. This study focuses on the evaluation of the pollution load carried by leachate produced in a former sanitary landfill located to the west of Algiers and the implementation of advanced oxidation treatment (advanced oxidation process, AOP), Fenton, electro-Fenton etc. The characterization of these leachates shows that they have a high organic load, mineral and nitrogen. Measured COD reaches very high values of the order of 5000 to 20,000 mg O2 / L. On this non-biodegradable leachate, treatment tests have been carried out by the methods of coagulation-flocculation, Fenton oxidation, electrocoagulation and electro-Fenton. The removal efficiencies of pollution obtained for each of these modes of treatment are respectively 69, 80, 84 and 97%. The study shows that advanced oxidation processes are very suitable for the treatment of poorly biodegradable leachate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advanced%20oxidation%20processes" title="advanced oxidation processes">advanced oxidation processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocoagulation" title=" electrocoagulation"> electrocoagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro-Fenton" title=" electro-Fenton"> electro-Fenton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leachates%20treatment" title=" leachates treatment"> leachates treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sanitary%20landfill" title=" sanitary landfill"> sanitary landfill</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39874/treatment-of-sanitary-landfill-leachate-by-advanced-oxidation-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39874.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> Acute Hepatotoxicity of Nano and Micro-Sized Iron Particles in Adult Albino Rats </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Hasabo">Ghada Hasabo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Saber%20Elbasiouny"> Mahmoud Saber Elbasiouny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mervat%20Abdelsalam"> Mervat Abdelsalam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sherin%20Ghaleb"> Sherin Ghaleb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niveen%20Eldessouky"> Niveen Eldessouky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the near future, nanotechnology is envisaged for large scale use. Hence health and safety issues of nanoparticles should be promptly addressed. In the present study the acute hepatoxicity assessment due to high single oral dose of nano iron and micro iron particles were studied. The normal daily activities, biochemical alterations, blood coagulation, histopathological changes in Wister rats were the aspect of the toxicological assessment.This work found that significant alterations in biochemical enzymes (serum iron level, liver enzymes, albumin, and bilirubin levels), blood coagulation (PT, PC, INR), and histopathological changes occurred more prominently in the nano iron particle treated group. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanobiotechnology" title="nanobiotechnology">nanobiotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanosystems" title=" nanosystems"> nanosystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanomaterials" title=" nanomaterials"> nanomaterials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotechnology" title=" nanotechnology "> nanotechnology </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35075/acute-hepatotoxicity-of-nano-and-micro-sized-iron-particles-in-adult-albino-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Removal of Bulk Parameters and Chromophoric Fractions of Natural Organic Matter by Porous Kaolin/Fly Ash Ceramic Membrane at South African Drinking Water Treatment Plants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samkeliso%20S.%20Ndzimandze">Samkeliso S. Ndzimandze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Welldone%20Moyo"> Welldone Moyo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oranso%20T.%20Mahlangu"> Oranso T. Mahlangu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adolph%20A.%20Muleja"> Adolph A. Muleja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alex%20T.%20Kuvarega"> Alex T. Kuvarega</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thabo%20T.%20I.%20Nkambule"> Thabo T. I. Nkambule</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The high cost of precursor materials has hindered the commercialization of ceramic membrane technology in water treatment. In this work, a ceramic membrane disc (approximately 50 mm in diameter and 4 mm thick) was prepared from low-cost starting materials, kaolin, and fly ash by pressing at 200 bar and calcining at 900 °C. The fabricated membrane was characterized for various physicochemical properties, natural organic matter (NOM) removal as well as fouling propensity using several techniques. Further, the ceramic membrane was tested on samples collected from four drinking water treatment plants in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa (named plants 1-4). The membrane achieved 48.6%, 54.6%, 57.4%, and 76.4% bulk UV254 reduction for raw water at plants 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. These removal rates were comparable to UV254 reduction achieved by coagulation/flocculation steps at the respective plants. Further, the membrane outperformed sand filtration steps in plants 1-4 in removing disinfection by-product precursors (8%-32%) through size exclusion. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (FEEM) studies showed the removal of fluorescent NOM fractions present in the water samples by the membrane. The membrane was fabricated using an up-scalable facile method, and it has the potential for application as a polishing step to complement conventional processes in water treatment for drinking purposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crossflow%20filtration" title="crossflow filtration">crossflow filtration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drinking%20water%20treatment%20plants" title=" drinking water treatment plants"> drinking water treatment plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluorescence%20excitation-emission%20matrices" title=" fluorescence excitation-emission matrices"> fluorescence excitation-emission matrices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultraviolet%20254%20%28UV%E2%82%82%E2%82%85%E2%82%84%29" title=" ultraviolet 254 (UV₂₅₄)"> ultraviolet 254 (UV₂₅₄)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185367/removal-of-bulk-parameters-and-chromophoric-fractions-of-natural-organic-matter-by-porous-kaolinfly-ash-ceramic-membrane-at-south-african-drinking-water-treatment-plants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">43</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> Preparation and Removal Properties of Hollow Fiber Membranes for Drinking Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seung%20Moon%20Woo">Seung Moon Woo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%20Suk%20Chung"> Youn Suk Chung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Yong%20Nam"> Sang Yong Nam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present time, we need advanced water treatment technology for separation of virus and bacteria in effluent which occur epidemic and waterborne diseases. Water purification system is mainly divided into two categorizations like reverse osmosis (RO) and ultrafiltration (UF). Membrane used in these systems requires higher durability because of operating in harsh condition. Of these, the membrane using in UF system has many advantages like higher efficiency and lower energy consume for water treatment compared with RO system. In many kinds of membrane, hollow fiber type membrane is possible to make easily and to get optimized property by control of various spinning conditions such as temperature of coagulation bath, concentration of polymer, addition of additive, air gap and internal coagulation. In this study, polysulfone hollow fiber membrane was successfully prepared by phase inversion method for separation of virus and bacteria. When we prepare the hollow fiber membrane, we controlled various factors such as the polymer concentration, air gap and internal coagulation to investigate effect to membrane property. Morphology of surface and cross section of membrane were measured by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). Water flux of membrane was measured using test modules. Mean pore diameter of membrane was calculated using rejection of polystyrene (PS) latex beads for separation of virus and bacteria. Flux and mean flow pore diameter of prepared membrane show 1.5 LPM, 0.03 μm at 1.0 kgf/cm2. The bacteria and virus removal performance of prepared UF membranes were over 6 logs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20fiber%20membrane" title="hollow fiber membrane">hollow fiber membrane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drinking%20water" title=" drinking water"> drinking water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrafiltration" title=" ultrafiltration"> ultrafiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title=" bacteria"> bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55533/preparation-and-removal-properties-of-hollow-fiber-membranes-for-drinking-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55533.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">248</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> Testing Serum Proteome between Elite Sprinters and Long-Distance Runners</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hung-Chieh%20Chen">Hung-Chieh Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuo-Hui%20Wang"> Kuo-Hui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsu-Lin%20Yeh"> Tsu-Lin Yeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Proteomics represent the performance of genomic complement proteins and the protein level on functional genomics. This study adopted proteomic strategies for comparing serum proteins among three groups: elite sprinter (sprint runner group, SR), long-distance runners (long-distance runner group, LDR), and the untrained control group (control group, CON). Purposes: This study aims to identify elite sprinters and long-distance runners’ serum protein and to provide a comparison of their serum proteome’ composition. Methods: Serum protein fractionations that separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and analyzed by a quantitative nano-LC-MS/MS-based proteomic profiling. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe post hoc comparison (α= 0.05) was used to determine whether there is any significant difference in each protein level among the three groups. Results: (1) After analyzing the 307 identified proteins, there were 26 unique proteins in the SR group, and 18 unique proteins in the LDR group. (2) For the LDR group, 7 coagulation function-associated proteins’ expression levels were investigated: vitronectin, serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1, fibulin-1, complement C3, vitamin K-dependent protein, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H3 and von Willebrand factor, and the findings show the seven coagulation function-associated proteins were significantly lower than the group of SR. (3) Comparing to the group of SR, this study found that the LDR group’s expression levels of the 2 antioxidant proteins (afamin and glutathione peroxidase 3) were also significantly lower. (4) The LDR group’s expression levels of seven immune function-related proteins (Ig gamma-3 chain C region, Ig lambda-like polypeptide 5, clusterin, complement C1s subcomponent, complement factor B, complement C4-A, complement C1q subcomponent subunit A) were also significantly lower than the group of SR. Conclusion: This study identified the potential serum protein markers for elite sprinters and long-distance runners. The changes in the regulation of coagulation, antioxidant, or immune function-specific proteins may also provide further clinical applications for these two different track athletes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarkers" title="biomarkers">biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation" title=" coagulation"> coagulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immune%20response" title=" immune response"> immune response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title=" oxidative stress"> oxidative stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119958/testing-serum-proteome-between-elite-sprinters-and-long-distance-runners" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119958.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Relationship Between Insulin Resistance and Some Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Parameters in Subjects With Metabolic Syndrome</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amany%20Ragab">Amany Ragab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nashwa%20Khairat%20Abousamra"> Nashwa Khairat Abousamra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omayma%20Saleh"> Omayma Saleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20Higazy"> Asmaa Higazy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Insulin resistance syndrome has been shown to be associated with many coagulation and fibrinolytic proteins and these associations suggest that some coagulation and fibrinolytic proteins have a role in atherothrombotic disorders. This study was conducted to determine the levels of some of the haemostatic parameters in subjects having metabolic syndrome and to correlate these values with the anthropometric and metabolic variables associated with this syndrome. The study included 46 obese non diabetic subjects of whom 28 subjects(group1) fulfilled the ATP III criteria of the metabolic syndrome and 18 subjects (group2) did not have metabolic syndrome as well as 14 lean subjects (group 3) of matched age and sex as a control group. Clinical and laboratory evaluation of the study groups stressed on anthropometric measurements (weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, and sagittal abdominal diameter), blood pressure, and laboratory measurements of fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, serum lipids, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), antithrombin III activity (ATIII), protein C and von Willebrand factor (vWf) antigen. There was significant increase in the concentrations of t-PA and vWf antigens in subjects having metabolic syndrome (group 1) in comparison to the other groups while there were non-significant changes in the levels of protein C antigen and AT III activity. Both t-PA and vWf showed significant correlation with HOMA-IR as a measure of insulin sensitivity. The t-PA showed also significant correlation with most of the variables of metabolic syndrome including waist circumference, BMI, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, and HDL cholesterol. On the other hand, vWf showed significant correlations with fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin and sagital abdominal diameter, with non-significant correlations with the other variables. Haemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters should be included in the features and characterization of the insulin resistance syndrome. t-PA and vWf antigens concentrations were increased in subjects with metabolic syndrome and correlated with the HOMA-IR measure of insulin sensitivity. Taking into consideration that both t-PA and vWf are mainly released from vascular endothelium, these findings could be an indicator of endothelial dysfunction in that group of subjects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulin%20resistance" title="insulin resistance">insulin resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metabolic%20syndrome" title=" metabolic syndrome"> metabolic syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation" title=" coagulation"> coagulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154223/relationship-between-insulin-resistance-and-some-coagulation-and-fibrinolytic-parameters-in-subjects-with-metabolic-syndrome" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154223.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation%2Fflocculation&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation%2Fflocculation&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation%2Fflocculation&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coagulation%2Fflocculation&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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