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cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Guillermo Endara</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88_%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="غييرمو إندارا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غييرمو إندارا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara_Galimany" title="Guillermo Endara Galimany – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Guillermo Endara Galimany" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF_%CE%95%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1" title="Γκιγιέρμο Εντάρα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γκιγιέρμο Εντάρα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="گیلرمو اندارا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گیلرمو اندارا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara_Galimany" title="Guillermo Endara Galimany – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Guillermo Endara Galimany" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EC%98%88%EB%A5%B4%EB%AA%A8_%EC%97%94%EB%8B%A4%EB%9D%BC" title="기예르모 엔다라 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="기예르모 엔다라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara_Galimany" title="Guillermo Endara Galimany – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Guillermo Endara Galimany" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7" title="جييرمو اندارا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جييرمو اندارا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara_Galimany" title="Guillermo Endara Galimany – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Guillermo Endara Galimany" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara_Galimany" title="Guillermo Endara Galimany – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Guillermo Endara Galimany" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0,_%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE" title="Эндара, Гильермо – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эндара, Гильермо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%94%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Гільєрмо Ендара Галімані – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гільєрмо Ендара Галімані" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillermo_Endara" title="Guillermo Endara – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Guillermo Endara" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E5%88%97%E5%B0%94%E8%8E%AB%C2%B7%E6%81%A9%E8%BE%BE%E6%8B%89" title="吉列尔莫·恩达拉 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="吉列尔莫·恩达拉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q443831#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" 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Click here for more information." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/19px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/29px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/94/Symbol_support_vote.svg/39px-Symbol_support_vote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">President of Panama from 1989 to 1994</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Endara</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Galimany</i>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Guillermo Endara</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Guillermo_Endara_1993.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Guillermo_Endara_1993.jpg/220px-Guillermo_Endara_1993.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Guillermo_Endara_1993.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="404" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Endara in 1993</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">32nd <a href="/wiki/President_of_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Panama">President of Panama</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />December 20, 1989 – August 31, 1994</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Panama" title="Vice President of Panama">Vice President</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Arias_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Ricardo Arias Calderón">Ricardo Arias Calderón</a><br />(1989–1992)</div></li> <li><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_Ford" title="Guillermo Ford">Guillermo Ford</a><br />(1992–1994)</div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(President_of_Panama)" title="Francisco Rodríguez (President of Panama)">Francisco Rodríguez</a> (as president)<br /><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Noriega" title="Manuel Noriega">Manuel Noriega</a> (as military leader)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_P%C3%A9rez_Balladares" title="Ernesto Pérez Balladares">Ernesto Pérez Balladares</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Guillermo David Endara Galimany</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1936-05-12</span>)</span>May 12, 1936<br /><a href="/wiki/Panama_City" title="Panama City">Panama City</a>, Panama</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">September 28, 2009<span style="display:none">(2009-09-28)</span> (aged 73)<br />Panama City, Panama</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paname%C3%B1ista_Party" title="Panameñista Party">Panameñista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_Vanguard_of_the_Fatherland" title="Moral Vanguard of the Fatherland">Moral Vanguard of the Fatherland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Marcela Cambra Navarro</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1961; died 1989)<wbr /></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1151524712"></li></ul> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ana_Mae_D%C3%ADaz" title="Ana Mae Díaz">Ana Mae Díaz</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1990)<wbr /></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Panama" title="University of Panama">University of Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Guillermo David Endara Galimany</b> (May 12, 1936 – September 28, 2009) was a Panamanian politician who served as the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Panama">president of Panama</a> from 1989 to 1994. Raised in a family allied to <a href="/wiki/Paname%C3%B1ista_Party" title="Panameñista Party">Panameñista Party</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Arnulfo_Arias" title="Arnulfo Arias">Arnulfo Arias</a>, Endara attended school in exile in the United States and Argentina following Arias's removal from power. Endara later received a law degree in Panama. He subsequently served as a member of Panama's <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Panama)" title="National Assembly (Panama)">National Assembly</a>, and briefly as a government minister before heading into exile again following Arias' third overthrow. </p><p>After Arias' death in 1988, Endara became a leading opponent of the <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Noriega" title="Manuel Noriega">Manuel Noriega</a> military dictatorship, heading the opposition coalition in the <a href="/wiki/1989_Panamanian_general_election" title="1989 Panamanian general election">1989 presidential election</a>. Though his coalition was judged by international observers as having defeated pro-Noriega candidate <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Duque" title="Carlos Duque">Carlos Duque</a>, the results were annulled by the government, and Endara and his running mates were attacked in the streets by the paramilitary <a href="/wiki/Dignity_Battalions" title="Dignity Battalions">Dignity Battalions</a>. The assaults received widespread coverage in international media, helping to build support within the U.S. for military action against Noriega. Seven months later, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_invaded_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="United States invaded Panama">United States invaded Panama</a>. Endara was sworn in as the new president on the first night of the invasion on a U.S. military base. </p><p>During his presidency, Endara abolished the <a href="/wiki/Panamanian_military" class="mw-redirect" title="Panamanian military">Panamanian military</a> and replaced it with a national police force. Endara's term saw steady economic growth and a return of democratic institutions, but also high unemployment rates. His administration was marked by internal fighting, and his popularity plummeted. He was succeeded by opposition candidate <a href="/wiki/Ernesto_P%C3%A9rez_Balladares" title="Ernesto Pérez Balladares">Ernesto Pérez Balladares</a> in 1994. </p><p>Endara ran for office again in 2004 and 2009, but lost to <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Revolutionary_Party" title="Democratic Revolutionary Party">Democratic Revolutionary Party</a> candidate <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Torrijos" title="Martín Torrijos">Martín Torrijos</a> and to independent candidate <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Martinelli" title="Ricardo Martinelli">Ricardo Martinelli</a>. He died of a heart attack in September 2009, several months after his last campaign. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillermo_Endara&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Endara was born in 1936 in Panama City, Panama.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father, Guillermo Endara Paniza, was an ally of <a href="/wiki/Paname%C3%B1ista_Party" title="Panameñista Party">Authentic Panameñista Party</a> founder <a href="/wiki/Arnulfo_Arias" title="Arnulfo Arias">Arnulfo Arias</a>, and the family went into exile after Arias was overthrown in a 1941 coup.<sup id="cite_ref-I_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LP_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Endara went to school in Argentina and to <a href="/wiki/Black-Foxe_Military_Institute" title="Black-Foxe Military Institute">Black-Foxe Military Institute</a> in <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a> in the United States,<sup id="cite_ref-LP_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he was described as being a "brilliant student".<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He later attended the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Panama" title="University of Panama">University of Panama</a> <a href="/wiki/Law_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Law School">Law School</a>, where he graduated first in his class, and <a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He returned to Panama in 1963 to practice law, and specialized in <a href="/wiki/Labor_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor law">labor law</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He co-founded the firm of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://solendeg.com/web/">Solis, Endara, Delgado and Guevara</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304100758/http://solendeg.com/web/">Archived</a> March 4, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, one of Panama's most successful law firms.<sup id="cite_ref-I_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He won his first public office in 1964, but declined to take it due to evidence of <a href="/wiki/Voter_fraud" class="mw-redirect" title="Voter fraud">voter fraud</a> in the election.<sup id="cite_ref-LP_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LP-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Endara later served two terms in the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="National Assembly of Panama">National Assembly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1968, Endara served as minister of planning and economic policy during Arias's very brief third term as president. When Arias was overthrown again in October 1968, Endara went underground, was jailed briefly in 1971, and joined Arias in exile until 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-I_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Endara remained politically engaged and when Arias died in 1988, Endara became a leading opposition figure.<sup id="cite_ref-I_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opposition_to_Noriega">Opposition to Noriega</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillermo_Endara&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Opposition to Noriega"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/1989_Panamanian_general_election" title="1989 Panamanian general election">presidential election of 1989</a>, Endara ran as the candidate of the Democratic Alliance of Civic Opposition (ADOC), a coalition of parties opposed to military ruler <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Noriega" title="Manuel Noriega">Manuel Noriega</a>. His rival was <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Duque" title="Carlos Duque">Carlos Duque</a>, a candidate selected by Noriega.<sup id="cite_ref-ATU1221_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATU1221-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The US government contributed $10 million to Panamanian opposition campaigns, though it was unknown whether Endara received any of this money.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To safeguard against planned vote-rigging by Noriega, ADOC organized a count of results from the country's election precincts before they were sent to the district centers. It showed Endara trouncing Duque by a nearly 3-to-1 margin. Noriega's cronies took phony tally sheets to the district centers, but by this time the opposition's count was already out.<sup id="cite_ref-ToT_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToT-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> International observers led by former US President <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a> and a separate group of observers appointed by US President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> also agreed that Endara had won a decisive victory.<sup id="cite_ref-ATU1221_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATU1221-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Noriega had planned to declare Duque the winner regardless of the actual results, but Duque knew he'd been routed and refused to go along.<sup id="cite_ref-ToT_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToT-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regardless, Noriega annulled the results before counting was complete due to "foreign interference."<sup id="cite_ref-ATU1221_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATU1221-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The next day, Endara and his running mates, <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Arias_Calder%C3%B3n" title="Ricardo Arias Calderón">Ricardo Arias Calderón</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guillermo_Ford" title="Guillermo Ford">Guillermo Ford</a>, led a contingent of a thousand supporters to protest the annulment of the elections and urge that the ADOC candidates be recognized as the winners. The protest was attacked by a detachment of <a href="/wiki/Dignity_Battalions" title="Dignity Battalions">Dignity Battalions</a>, a paramilitary group supporting Noriega, and the three candidates were badly beaten.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Katz_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Katz-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Endara was struck with an iron club, leaving a gash on his head.<sup id="cite_ref-Katz_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Katz-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was briefly hospitalized and received eight stitches.<sup id="cite_ref-Katz_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Katz-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Images of the attacks on Endara and Ford were carried by media around the world, and were credited with building public support in the US for the invasion that would soon follow.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-I_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WP90_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP90-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (August 2019)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Guillermo_Endara#Dubious" title="Talk:Guillermo Endara">discuss</a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidency_(1989–1994)"><span id="Presidency_.281989.E2.80.931994.29"></span>Presidency (1989–1994)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillermo_Endara&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Presidency (1989–1994)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_with_Presidents_of_Central_American_Nations_on_the_State_Floor_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_5899990.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_with_Presidents_of_Central_American_Nations_on_the_State_Floor_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_5899990.jpg/220px-Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_with_Presidents_of_Central_American_Nations_on_the_State_Floor_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_5899990.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_with_Presidents_of_Central_American_Nations_on_the_State_Floor_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_5899990.jpg/330px-Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_with_Presidents_of_Central_American_Nations_on_the_State_Floor_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_5899990.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_with_Presidents_of_Central_American_Nations_on_the_State_Floor_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_5899990.jpg/440px-Photograph_of_President_William_Jefferson_Clinton_with_Presidents_of_Central_American_Nations_on_the_State_Floor_of_the_White_House_-_NARA_-_5899990.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="2111" /></a><figcaption> U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> with the Central American leaders in the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, 1993. Endara is the third from the right, arm in arm with Nicaraguan President <a href="/wiki/Violeta_Chamorro" title="Violeta Chamorro">Violeta Chamorro</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The US armed forces overthrew Noriega's government during the <a href="/wiki/US_invasion_of_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="US invasion of Panama">US invasion of Panama</a> in December 1989. Endara had by this time taken refuge in the military bases under US control.<sup id="cite_ref-I_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> American officials told Endara that if he did not accept the presidency, the only alternative would be an undisguised American occupation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarding2006114_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarding2006114-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though Endara had opposed US military action during his campaign, he accepted the presidency, stating later that, "morally, patriotically, civically I had no other choice".<sup id="cite_ref-I_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was certified the winner of the election and inaugurated at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Clayton" title="Fort Clayton">Fort Clayton</a>, a United States military base, on December 20, 1989. Arias was inaugurated as first vice president, and Ford as second vice president.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT318_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT318-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unlike previous rulers <a href="/wiki/Omar_Torrijos" title="Omar Torrijos">Omar Torrijos</a> and Noriega, Endara appointed only whites to ministerial positions, excluding Panama's large <a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">mestizo</a> population and other ethnicities.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarding2006120_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarding2006120-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Seen as a restorer of democracy, Endara was later noted for having defended freedom of speech and democratic institutions.<sup id="cite_ref-BG_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BG-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also oversaw a reform of the <a href="/wiki/Panamanian_Defense_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Panamanian Defense Forces">Panamanian Defense Forces</a>, purging Noriega loyalists, asserting the primacy of the civilian government, and returning the group from military to a national police force. In October 1994, the National Assembly passed an amendment abolishing the military at Endara's urging, becoming the second Latin American country to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarding2006121_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarding2006121-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early 1991, the ADOC coalition began to unravel as Endara, Arias, and Ford publicly criticized one another. On April 8, accusing Arias's <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_(Panama)" title="People's Party (Panama)">Christian Democratic Party</a> of not rallying to his support during an impeachment vote, Endara dismissed Arias from the cabinet.<sup id="cite_ref-LAT318_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LAT318-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arias resigned from the vice presidency on December 17, 1992, stating at a news conference that Endara's government "does not listen to the people, nor does it have the courage to make changes". Endara responded that Arias's resignation was "demagoguery" and "merely starting his 1994 political campaign ahead of time".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Endara's term in office saw marked economic recovery from the nation's years of military rule.<sup id="cite_ref-AP_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his presidency, Panama had an average annual economic growth of 8%.<sup id="cite_ref-BG_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BG-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, unemployment also rose near 19%.<sup id="cite_ref-WP92_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP92-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 1990, the overweight Endara began a hunger strike in the Metropolitan Cathedral to call attention to the nation's poverty and to pressure US President <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a> to dispense previously pledged American aid. In the course of the strike, he lost more than 14 kilograms (30 lb) of his 120 kilograms (260 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-I_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-T_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By May 1992, Endara's public approval rating had fallen from its initial 70% to only 10%.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarding2006123_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarding2006123-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a> later described Endara's administration as being "tarnished by scandal".<sup id="cite_ref-AP_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among other financial scandals, Endara's wife <a href="/wiki/Ana_Mae_Diaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Ana Mae Diaz">Ana Mae Diaz</a> was accused of reselling food that had been donated by Italy on the streets of <a href="/wiki/Panama_City" title="Panama City">Panama City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1992, Diaz won $125,000 in the national lottery and indicated that she intended to keep the money rather than donating it; the incident was also cited as an example of the Endara's administration's lack of concern for Panama's poor.<sup id="cite_ref-WP92_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP92-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career">Later career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillermo_Endara&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2004, Endara broke with the Arnulfista party over differences of opinion with the party's leader, Panamanian president <a href="/wiki/Mireya_Moscoso" title="Mireya Moscoso">Mireya Moscoso</a>, and accused the party of corruption. He ran in the <a href="/wiki/2004_Panamanian_general_election" title="2004 Panamanian general election">2004 presidential election</a> as the candidate of the <a href="/wiki/Solidarity_Party_(Panama)" title="Solidarity Party (Panama)">Solidarity Party</a>, on a platform of reducing crime and government corruption.<sup id="cite_ref-AP_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His primary rival was <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Revolutionary_Party" title="Democratic Revolutionary Party">Democratic Revolutionary Party</a> (PRD) candidate <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Torrijos" title="Martín Torrijos">Martín Torrijos</a>, son of the former military dictator <a href="/wiki/Omar_Torrijos" title="Omar Torrijos">Omar Torrijos</a>. Martín Torrijos ran on a platform of strengthening democracy and negotiating a free trade agreement with the US, and was supported by popular musician and politician <a href="/wiki/Ruben_Blades" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruben Blades">Ruben Blades</a>. Endara finished second, receiving 31% of the vote to Torrijos' 47%.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He later founded his own political party, the <a href="/wiki/Moral_Vanguard_of_the_Fatherland" title="Moral Vanguard of the Fatherland">Moral Vanguard of the Fatherland</a>, and in 2009 was again a candidate for the <a href="/wiki/2009_Panamanian_general_election" title="2009 Panamanian general election">Panamanian general elections</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Martinelli" title="Ricardo Martinelli">Ricardo Martinelli</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Change_(Panama)" title="Democratic Change (Panama)">Democratic Change</a> party won the election with 61% of the vote, while PRD candidate <a href="/wiki/Balbina_Herrera" title="Balbina Herrera">Balbina Herrera</a> won 37%. Endara placed a distant third, with 2% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Just a few months later, on September 28, 2009, Endara died at the age of 73 in his apartment in <a href="/wiki/Panama_City" title="Panama City">Panama City</a>, of a <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">heart attack</a> while preparing dinner.<sup id="cite_ref-T_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was given a state funeral on September 30 attended by President Martinelli as well as former presidents Perez Balladares, Moscoso, and Torrijos.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillermo_Endara&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Endara married his first wife Marcela, in 1961; the couple had one daughter, Marcelita, and three grandchildren, Javier, Marcela Victoria and Jacob. Marcela died of a heart attack in 1989 while Endara was hospitalized from the attack by the Dignity Brigades.<sup id="cite_ref-I_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He remarried on June 11, 1990, at the age of 54, to <a href="/wiki/Ana_Mae_Diaz_Chen" class="mw-redirect" title="Ana Mae Diaz Chen">Ana Mae Diaz Chen</a>, a 22-year-old law student of Chinese origin.<sup id="cite_ref-I_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-I-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Endara was reportedly so happy in the marriage that he would even leave cabinet meetings for "a quick cuddle". The marriage received widespread coverage and mockery in the Panamanian press, including a new nickname for Endara, <i>El Gordo Feliz</i> ("Happy Fatty").<sup id="cite_ref-T_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillermo_Endara&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-NYT-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDouglas_Martin2009" class="citation news cs1">Douglas Martin (September 30, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/30/world/americas/30endara.html">"Guillermo Endara, Who Helped Lead Panama From Noriega to Democracy, Dies at 73"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Guillermo+Endara%2C+Who+Helped+Lead+Panama+From+Noriega+to+Democracy%2C+Dies+at+73&rft.date=2009-09-30&rft.au=Douglas+Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F09%2F30%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F30endara.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuillermo+Endara" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-I-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-I_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhil_Davison2009" class="citation web cs1">Phil Davison (October 2, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130103073838/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-20832533.html">"Guillermo Endara"</a>. <i>The Independent</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-20832533.html">the original</a> on January 3, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Guillermo+Endara&rft.date=2009-10-02&rft.au=Phil+Davison&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1P2-20832533.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuillermo+Endara" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LP-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LP_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LP_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LP_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAna_Teresa_Benjamin2009" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ana Teresa Benjamin (September 29, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091002224528/http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2009/09/29/hoy/panorama/1940933.asp">"La vida política de un hombre bueno"</a>. <i>La Prensa</i> (in Spanish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 27,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Prensa&rft.atitle=Muere+ex+presidente+Guillermo+Endara&rft.date=2009-09-29&rft.au=Jose+Gonzalez+Pinilla&rft.au=Eliana+Morales+Gil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmensual.prensa.com%2Fmensual%2Fcontenido%2F2009%2F09%2F29%2Fhoy%2Fpanorama%2F1940860.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuillermo+Endara" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeonardo_Flowers_and_Eliana_Morales_Gil2009" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Leonardo Flowers and Eliana Morales Gil (October 1, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091004004113/http://mensual.prensa.com/mensual/contenido/2009/10/01/hoy/panorama/1942752.asp">"La despedida y el legado de Guillermo Endara G."</a> <i>La Prensa</i> (in Spanish). 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June 11, 1990. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160504053145/https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=blNPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=CwMEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4232,3083926&dq=ana-mae-diaz&hl=en">Archived</a> from the original on May 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 31,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toledo+Blade&rft.atitle=Panama+president%2C+law+student+marry&rft.date=1990-06-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DblNPAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DCwMEAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D4232%2C3083926%26dq%3Dana-mae-diaz%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuillermo+Endara" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillermo_Endara&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarding2006" class="citation book cs1">Harding, Robert C. (2006). <i>The History of Panama</i>. Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/031333322X" title="Special:BookSources/031333322X"><bdi>031333322X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Panama&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=031333322X&rft.aulast=Harding&rft.aufirst=Robert+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGuillermo+Endara" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillermo_Endara&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Guillermo_Endara" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Guillermo Endara">Guillermo Endara</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cidob.org/es/documentacio/biografias_lideres_politicos/america_central_y_caribe/panama/guillermo_endara_galimany">Biography in Spanish by CIDOB Foundation</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(President_of_Panama)" title="Francisco Rodríguez (President of Panama)">Francisco Rodríguez</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of Panama">President of Panama</a> </b><br />1989–1994 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_P%C3%A9rez_Balladares" title="Ernesto Pérez Balladares">Ernesto Pérez Balladares</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Panama" title="List of heads of state of Panama">Presidents and heads of state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Amador_Guerrero" title="Manuel Amador Guerrero">Manuel Amador Guerrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Domingo_de_Obald%C3%ADa" title="José Domingo de Obaldía">José Domingo de Obaldía</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Antonio_Mendoza" title="Carlos Antonio Mendoza">Carlos Mendoza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Boyd" title="Federico Boyd">Federico Boyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Arosemena" title="Pablo Arosemena">Pablo Arosemena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belisario_Porras_Barahona" title="Belisario Porras Barahona">Belisario Porras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Maximiliano_Vald%C3%A9s" title="Ramón Maximiliano Valdés">Ramón Valdés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciro_Luis_Urriola" title="Ciro Luis Urriola">Ciro Urriola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Antonio_D%C3%ADaz" title="Pedro Antonio Díaz">Pedro Díaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belisario_Porras_Barahona" title="Belisario Porras Barahona">Belisario Porras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Tisdel_Lefevre" title="Ernesto Tisdel Lefevre">Ernesto Lefevre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belisario_Porras_Barahona" title="Belisario Porras Barahona">Belisario Porras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_Chiari" title="Rodolfo Chiari">Rodolfo Chiari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florencio_Harmodio_Arosemena" title="Florencio Harmodio Arosemena">Florencio Arosemena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmodio_Arias_Madrid" title="Harmodio Arias Madrid">Harmodio Arias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Alfaro_Jovan%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Ricardo Joaquín Alfaro Jované">Ricardo Alfaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmodio_Arias_Madrid" title="Harmodio Arias Madrid">Harmodio Arias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Dem%C3%B3stenes_Arosemena" title="Juan Demóstenes Arosemena">Juan Arosemena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezequiel_Fern%C3%A1ndez_(Panamanian_politician)" title="Ezequiel Fernández (Panamanian politician)">Ezequiel Fernández</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Samuel_Boyd" title="Augusto Samuel Boyd">Augusto Boyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnulfo_Arias" title="Arnulfo Arias">Arnulfo Arias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Adolfo_de_la_Guardia_Arango" title="Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango">Ricardo de la Guardia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Adolfo_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Enrique Adolfo Jiménez">Enrique Jiménez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingo_D%C3%ADaz_Arosemena" title="Domingo Díaz Arosemena">Domingo Díaz Arosemena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Chanis_Pinz%C3%B3n" title="Daniel Chanis Pinzón">Daniel Chanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Francisco_Chiari_Rem%C3%B3n" title="Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón">Roberto Chiari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnulfo_Arias" title="Arnulfo Arias">Arnulfo Arias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcib%C3%ADades_Arosemena" title="Alcibíades Arosemena">Alcibíades Arosemena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Rem%C3%B3n_Cantera" title="José Antonio Remón Cantera">José Remón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ram%C3%B3n_Guizado" title="José Ramón Guizado">José Ramón Guizado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Arias_(politician)" title="Ricardo Arias (politician)">Ricardo Arias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_de_la_Guardia" title="Ernesto de la Guardia">Ernesto de la Guardia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Francisco_Chiari_Rem%C3%B3n" title="Roberto Francisco Chiari Remón">Roberto Chiari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Aurelio_Robles" title="Marco Aurelio Robles">Marco Aurelio Robles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnulfo_Arias" title="Arnulfo Arias">Arnulfo Arias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Pinilla_F%C3%A1brega" title="José María Pinilla Fábrega">José María Pinilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrio_B._Lakas" title="Demetrio B. Lakas">Demetrio Lakas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristides_Royo" title="Aristides Royo">Aristides Royo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_de_la_Espriella" title="Ricardo de la Espriella">Ricardo de la Espriella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Illueca" title="Jorge Illueca">Jorge Illueca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Ardito_Barletta_Vallarino" title="Nicolás Ardito Barletta Vallarino">Nicolás Barletta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Arturo_Delvalle" title="Eric Arturo Delvalle">Eric Delvalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Sol%C3%ADs_Palma" title="Manuel Solís Palma">Manuel Solís Palma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Rodr%C3%ADguez_(President_of_Panama)" title="Francisco Rodríguez (President of Panama)">Francisco Rodríguez</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Guillermo Endara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_P%C3%A9rez_Balladares" title="Ernesto Pérez Balladares">Ernesto Pérez Balladares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mireya_Moscoso" title="Mireya Moscoso">Mireya Moscoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Torrijos" title="Martín Torrijos">Martín Torrijos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Martinelli" title="Ricardo Martinelli">Ricardo Martinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_Varela" title="Juan Carlos Varela">Juan Carlos Varela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurentino_Cortizo" title="Laurentino Cortizo">Laurentino Cortizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ra%C3%BAl_Mulino" title="José Raúl Mulino">José Raúl Mulino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Commanders_of_the_Panamanian_Defense_Forces_(1968–1989)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Commanders of the <a href="/wiki/Panamanian_Public_Forces" title="Panamanian Public Forces">Panamanian Defense Forces</a> (1968–1989)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Boris Martínez">Boris Martínez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Torrijos" title="Omar Torrijos">Omar Torrijos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florencio_Flores_Aguilar" title="Florencio Flores Aguilar">Florencio Flores Aguilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%A9n_Dar%C3%ADo_Paredes" title="Rubén Darío Paredes">Rubén Darío Paredes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Noriega" title="Manuel Noriega">Manuel Noriega</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/16px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/24px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/32px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Panama" title="Portal:Panama">Panama portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q443831#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000114796976">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/107896039">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqk3Q6prhDWVTqgFq3JDq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-847495b4dd-kqx8f","timestamp":"20241128140325","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Guillermo Endara","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guillermo_Endara","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q443831","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q443831","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-05-01T03:54:49Z","dateModified":"2024-10-28T18:15:54Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/83\/Guillermo_Endara_1993.jpg","headline":"president of Panama (1936-2009)"}</script> 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