CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "journals.sagepub.com",cType: 'managed',cRay: '8e6e211fa8e7602f',cH: '5kq3b9dkNZBzksfCp4hHlpjV0ZDkyLh.4FYXq.EqYNw-1732333137-1.2.1.1-NLyDlTzGuDFg7npHXpKCZJr3XzjMFW8T35rykDMWv5Q5ibqKjokB8VlDvaiqY2lp',cUPMDTk: "\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/2373379917729687?__cf_chl_tk=nl.bXcXWaPIxQWzBY2gHFXYc2PVsthEb_Gl._4Cncm0-1732333137-1.0.1.1-haSUzFxjsf4RSMWPECoLIQ9Cd8MLs9apyNkvlg1tVzA",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1732333137',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/2373379917729687?__cf_chl_f_tk=nl.bXcXWaPIxQWzBY2gHFXYc2PVsthEb_Gl._4Cncm0-1732333137-1.0.1.1-haSUzFxjsf4RSMWPECoLIQ9Cd8MLs9apyNkvlg1tVzA",md: "RlXfyl5YWau891djPuJrjSkluEloI3ehjUv_Dq0E8Ic-1732333137-1.2.1.1-hb4u9OVpoptlY27E9a_heq4IVwp10c66rahltY6dk4lY8oTsnf..G.54BCXxHZ.AFYV8y9LKLyJS6BU94_qnWJ8Yu4P.HYg5LuKHtk6WggtKe0EOsHHiQ6LevSO1KQQDSIKp_UZc8cUwVzta26_f38SefefF8vsbFQ6g0JJr10hQ6dXiJH.ZIVeSK._URnZRJNEJ9XxkwXKvaTDh9FiB.Anen_lZ4_U92DZGoIp7WQbAT1u65La0g9hgMD9QAY9F0hEkMkFe_1wlqKHKv3YFo1bWgcBW7kLpqUvxFbit1QjulzWElXD4iW1Cl904y3g9TMpRa5jNiFmVsN0CM_EG2RGaevkA8WdGnjnl07wzRhdInsN4IyeD5wsWwnzft72m8952DW.Wak_Wbs28Ow3rVyF0aD.XW_1UMIxangVloC6_Q2rUX5sDWK2vhipSaNuudngsUoBEgCypDcM5RXxQ3Ni4rWbMLAtlhiXenhjOAo2HEKgIJsDt3wa.K8B1BrH5eV_4yjvk8mfVZ80gcfFdyP4RBKAkJlkv6W.T5dygB63.IQvncymahNPmBCNWc3D3Hr9t4bopBNF4jMndWQpqG0zj8UCIvJbbKRFN0SHLGretU7pND0Qu_VqrZPeTxXfo64bFgYs7etomF8MozSQ4cDgZHWCwdVN12PRVbR8ka0KkcaRRN_o4qhwdwivxgydrEf.ZEkN11FJBJ0uV7uFM7S93lh4FGE8Q4z4ALJuKa2Sin.rlPBuJRJbaHvRxP7UOyTz1aUE365V36.nQguxRNTkfzm3zWtPGcNftHef9XnKNEOOuzIGKIazHq_.3jHpXNqA2dv3n0rT.aiVvmJ.OtLGAOEF7DQ7_zBjX321P0PK1qr9RnlRaPCQi2D_QumwIJyOcKKevKrA.WGQN7LcK2PApz407BosyhszBbWqXD9wWmm6AxEzjerRex_NN8VYdXS71d6y8cyqSEBaifyqP9zrQkDhF2nvgj_UhQsEGi2LeZleX8rflgVjE6RkRBK20R34pLWrcgavNUknzmaZfv0I447U_TNGuhlGIDrf0c3KPM5R3OlpkNDGq.zA6911g0BUr0b.PyN0bw8_mGAz.fo4IMi1eVMWO4agyoJhf_rqpqrY6PUNDZ6Q8VLNoLWIoB9k4BZwQ26YVsU.fv9.eQ4XBPVQAue2pA5K.ba3UJv2wiyaquuZtDPPT0yON.fLZYJB7QhIO1uKKV.5x8a2iA2N1_7YE0tZ7WE_.qwjrYIq2eJJlUuQimbaCaJYpAPndyL7WtrNOC2CWIvefhJnNk5lnNpYXEOR0FhjawJtRmGpL6v8kS3St7EkyVgbW.swRXPl5.mMbolgBWSHYUUbhKrk8nyOIgDUpLnMIAmTi9i556RGIZwVNEA6c.YO0oYgpvHIGLiI1c7u7.n8_YcwF930nB8P1hmlnQTYuijKqCn1rvVqHI4pZSw9sL.R2z_x1tLbDDuHAXG6GyYFgUXjCIYlKKaflmlRSiol3P37GUPUn1bBENP3rO4KH8Jyf4JukxyVhqx64zifiNnPFihQ4Xb96MPq7wd_dsG.EP_MJ5aWm9ivDIXyvYoVt6rAas.Mtnp..qP3SAV98XIg7AkUEEGE7C4lazBWnqi7VYcTEy2Mua2DM4q9Ek9yQG8e0z5HQehPx3dKgjMX60xxdiB.ka3E.DqP8PcKPj.JC0IWmjAVtjfDbWh7KbZ4e8GYubLTRkMmq3xUwLo8cDDtRXhxDtuvZCIgVdVsfWcEmSXIbtIdtgkzgoFZT1GmB6bbfQmzvPkXA0BATMq7AdsHGWRL3vbgpVd4uVB1VvQ630FARbsPuAY_HMdXmhurjULtj0llR659miIH4G3fMzbyLk4DC0q9wFim7ayPn.ErpyPUNVBhvJ1DtzKY5Nt9vdozClLgiyoaszBVmg444QEiH4qqzIIiaz1A64X8.OGXBxtsRjIejXserOYbFxmoZcB.W7kxR8QEc0ZHBOlYkuAx4gmaW6XtKgmSwDwB42nVriW.bwc1tu4mqN9vFb2d3VlAO_p87UgCijLqvaDMdf_ZIr2c3YCs7UZUGjZWWRm4A3G5ChaN0TlTjhULMmhHd9ilZsv_iruLzel_RIU.466Qn9OeZeP5106zdomz1tBJYFg0FgaGtxo2IB5BP6isfQ0r_zUFsz3ndssJ7ycRNgSFg5eFplOhmVxktT1hRks7OCTSW1T_iijUeXeMFz1r352cD1bvsDgkivklEgVa8XCc73zFdpRDIoQR0ozy21cBYT1rDL5l29o_7fn5SbC5Bcf6cyRc3OkQ646pTqq5Q2x_ZuDymEHgSOGW2zbaL011sKI7Euu1sIW_2KjEys5a.RRa6uJy7ll2XYvEhvQZL7HivAB9GNumim5WK1Rh4bE4Jc4H2JXEykRPnDqQaG9zkwXrVV9gFtIoxss1zigjd2BE9x6PZYqNa5_B2ufn3VI6e4KKcli9CDobcPS3cIZdd8QMznSvHv4TAlkp44qY_gDC3SVB0LCRbDejDzsxAqV5dx19r3_5hRVNnGCfdpGZR2qduAWaNcM3K356ICtUE2ZVpp5burHw2o0UaD4.QKzOOj6X3.jUTM4debk25lTSJHGw2aVBe_sqfAXkkGekiyxVzCjgF4ZxyvJwRFq46KhAlHdZIxf_3eLmZ4bks6E75s6076kYugeNrFxq5_bJzla1ExE.RdnaR_R7HaZ_7pcPlBfKkZ1LFhvc2xyZEEUjQmc7nEu2S8Mlwq1pnksw9m.P3qU4u7RjhxNyA9SVYF0NYOvnwwWyi2doWL.8CopEW8Yw7_dgmJDhnEvlKP_oytVyoLMjn6tcfVoN1UjhWDrfat9_AJNFLQh7KOoItA03K9GzEyRrwkLeRHjI0BlznFfP506c3G8m83dfQNhGc02wPN8YTuXUXfMFenOeUjimEnio8vD4pZshR6QWtvEq.dSmmrswpx1oG2hSJ3iAqiRkzBZp7stC9FJDCPBe6l2UN8mzk1l7W",mdrd: "WSIZrq7stdczFjnCajaE2wM1h0PDdWy4McYilQBLuRk-1732333137-1.2.1.1-IQDZcEMeqbED5tTf0TcmEmycQCip_Pw1lhKq6O4sXs58URfzpnwTBdYWSzFLDIMudvD8KaaU7b5HlEY4IreHtWJfWjBuOF.6EX9_GvLQ5E2Z8rYLbvYZ_o3IuiWSpmJgtVvSWUd9ZG1.q7b9snEJLlBptSsi1KXEEjg7ekOUg_8j0QeRM2VpEzaLvDRpbA33WpBxGz9e4Z_RuUzu8xu76_1ozl8oI_Qhj14heUa.CPPJiPu5IEa8uvTLQbYt3le7B.DvYTbk0c7vS4Us547tqqgzaqGWmQtKKj94sS4RoXjaHkNS_I0E1qhxfo.y.IG_hjBXpgHizlTgU_gZFWrB6Pbf8yQEx4Crj0WhS7825AOPZ0Y_ULqHi91VAXk93KseCmxdEQE0P8ZQinkdHgTgg3DKiGCa6VUQ.l78js6S1d49KoNZg9lGJUNJGqzpxIgTkL8.x8XfnJMvhtKyzoU_4DptkOM.7r2MB6K8j5axlvcmLI6HBbD17Nsnx2RlQ8mWG8OptK2lX0jOo_J6cSFNl7ESGi5reHK4N0S4JXJtGoGRNeJPqhSji675NsQJbLL8gCIBN0g6uSrKL4IOimhrUZZNF16.SYK0B7S4fDuTU.bULIU0Z5lsKghJwYwKTaoyNI0oPzzGSwC6.stMkXNdbBD0gS8zmpJE.PP.j5z9jVZypi0onqw1B0T154i62tLn2Vpgt3W_I1GL04z2YloEJgQHAQPYHd_V5ZLbe4ySXbVa8LrSd7mtin0L6_noi4gRL9u1MYWvbZHEXIanqFugCLOgkns8ymS8Jpb9YkSsVlXjSU7va_2j5xC4lKXmj1HykpZ_f4ksaY94433SlS1Aze5JU0TvfB7uX2x5DH95arcLeSb6EjioNmLDBERTGpDCh6CFSS297Yov0vFAJgmxzS_1K8scnwYUMVO4JL2EpBejikJq6uTK4mABJn6HYpUVSiv66UOK.UJIaFDqRuff3hQb.uYhCeQuzy9RNaeox49Hxw0vxQz6EeQQPrdETzp.dQNKZkRCumyrCa5AgzRLkFfC6EiyfSNmp9RtZqa9tVO9nWCfgFMyUw2KbDx_.qCFnsAd5h1WmFCtL98RxBYh3Xt5tASacUGbPt3wN25lSEWGbroFp_gd2yZ6uIbR746cXDeB4_545z6dS.Zjmvk5mKhjCKNvZHj0PumjlRKw_19LllUjWXNUQmvBTLfRiqK3TUdpaekmGGKablGCJBaUfscDiO_lBBAWwElxXkWS9HPEukF8HvQpc43znvyNtGjqFUylM8ZYsGiTk8QcxdqlL.1uxgdIB0BqibNvj3EDPtNI1bRN2RVMIi94YapyTnRZ1XKOBT4xxZ0fn20s4P275WwdKiOVjvyN.FIBU726L3eZX3hLaqILUa.5cREVvi.JVOajQnMmhFsblAbMOvSzzkZPFR7KDcxLerro87wh_.Hxx2BwGGHH9zpsrtlih_VNb5OtWuN5An9CCrL9eG5PZWcrSjEpK9y9iFmRknTA7XksHhn7mo0iOM99vU5JmsmfvjloIIM7Um5m1eHdkyfn0YJomCLjtWqzf5BDorOxEogqUgqzY.0nCAXP4LUZ8MAv3k.We6fUp9wveqS9abHCxi0o6pjlQj4ZRojq5ILRSWSP90P2TcWqudEdB3ukUB6sAWrPrJZ.bnQCVyl4Cy07_SklWQenGL4.XFAuslLX30tYpL2_6FavkbbkPQ2sNNIKpBauwQnvdrx8X272rhlU511pEniT1JoSmbnMnIY.ehn9jbwXJnxHb.IsoBCAKvf9PDzjBs56vS5JKuyftUnwxD7rZRqKOgGx1.SK7R0GgFT4TtCa5TNWkFfR9xmSuU5A7ctrNwUVh8QzXR.w1Zpn2FkP6Fi6aRWyy99x4yZl3gXtP6iFPsSiYFwN68UJyl3B8Vs8A7NiGP_ni5Hs1SpXzms4qA6nrzNTWBTxn2XfrI7V8mdvTeSrPol9SgZQPKhA1S3YkGakxoO7Ay6g7iPxgg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=8e6e211fa8e7602f';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/2373379917729687?__cf_chl_rt_tk=nl.bXcXWaPIxQWzBY2gHFXYc2PVsthEb_Gl._4Cncm0-1732333137-1.0.1.1-haSUzFxjsf4RSMWPECoLIQ9Cd8MLs9apyNkvlg1tVzA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>