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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Relief" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relief"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Relief</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relief-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hydrography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hydrography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Hydrography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hydrography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fauna_and_flora" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna_and_flora"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Fauna and flora</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna_and_flora-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ethnicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Health care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Subdivisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subdivisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Subdivisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subdivisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Airways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Highways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Highways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Highways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Highways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Waterways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waterways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Waterways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Waterways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Roraima</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 93 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7" title="رورايما – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رورايما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roroim%C3%A3" title="Roroimã – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Roroimã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima_Istadu" title="Roraima Istadu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Roraima Istadu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rorayma" title="Rorayma – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rorayma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Рарайма (штат) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рарайма (штат)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Рарайма – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рарайма" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Рорайма – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рорайма" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima_(estado_sa_Brasil)" title="Roraima (estado sa Brasil) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Roraima (estado sa Brasil)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima_osariik" title="Roraima osariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Roraima osariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Ροράιμα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ροράιμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rorajmo" title="Rorajmo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rorajmo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7" title="رورایما – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رورایما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%A7%88%EC%A3%BC" title="호라이마주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="호라이마주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B4%D5%A1" title="Ռորայմա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռորայմա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="रोरैमा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रोरैमा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="রোরাইমা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="রোরাইমা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%C3%A6" title="Рораймæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Рораймæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%94" title="רוריימה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוריימה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="რორაიმის შტატი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რორაიმის შტატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civitas_Roraimensis" title="Civitas Roraimensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Civitas Roraimensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Рораима – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Рораима" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AE" title="റൊറൈമ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റൊറൈമ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="रोराईमा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रोराईमा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7" title="رورایما – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رورایما" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima_(staat)" title="Roraima (staat) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Roraima (staat)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%9E%E5%B7%9E" title="ロライマ州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロライマ州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rorayma" title="Rorayma – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rorayma" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7" title="رورائیما – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رورائیما" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima_(stan)" title="Roraima (stan) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Roraima (stan)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rorayma" title="Rorayma – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Rorayma" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima_suyu" title="Roraima suyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Roraima suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Рорайма – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рорайма" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Рораима – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рораима" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Рорайма – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Рорайма" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2" title="รัฐโฮไรมา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐโฮไรมา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Рорайма – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Рорайма" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Рорайма – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рорайма" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7" title="رورائیما – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رورائیما" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E8%B5%96%E9%A9%AC%E5%B7%9E" title="罗赖马州 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="罗赖马州" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roraima" title="Roraima – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Roraima" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%B3%B4%E9%A6%AC%E5%B7%9E" title="羅賴馬州 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅賴馬州" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E8%B3%B4%E9%A6%AC%E5%B7%9E" title="羅賴馬州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="羅賴馬州" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q42508#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Roraima&params=2_3_N_61_24_W_type:adm1st_region:BR-RR"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">2°3′N</span> <span class="longitude">61°24′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">2.050°N 61.400°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">2.050; -61.400</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State of Brazil</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Brazilian state. For the homonymous mountain, see <a href="/wiki/Mount_Roraima" title="Mount Roraima">Mount Roraima</a>. For the species of birds, see <a href="/wiki/Roraiman_barbtail" title="Roraiman barbtail">Roraiman barbtail</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State in Brazil</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Roraima</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Brazil">State</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Roraima"><img alt="Flag of Roraima" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg/100px-Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg/150px-Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg/200px-Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Roraima" title="Flag of Roraima">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bras%C3%A3o_de_Roraima.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Roraima"><img alt="23" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bras%C3%A3o_de_Roraima.svg/90px-Bras%C3%A3o_de_Roraima.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bras%C3%A3o_de_Roraima.svg/135px-Bras%C3%A3o_de_Roraima.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Bras%C3%A3o_de_Roraima.svg/180px-Bras%C3%A3o_de_Roraima.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="255" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><i>Amazônia: patrimônio dos brasileiros</i><br />(<a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>: The Amazon: Brazilians' heritage)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: <a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hino_de_Roraima" class="extiw" title="pt:Hino de Roraima">Hino de Roraima</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roraima_in_Brazil.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of State of Roraima in Brazil"><img alt="Location of State of Roraima in Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Roraima_in_Brazil.svg/250px-Roraima_in_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Roraima_in_Brazil.svg/375px-Roraima_in_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Roraima_in_Brazil.svg/500px-Roraima_in_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="1984" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of State of Roraima in Brazil</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Roraima&params=2_3_N_61_24_W_type:adm1st_region:BR-RR"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">2°3′N</span> <span class="longitude">61°24′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">2.050°N 61.400°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">2.050; -61.400</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">September 13, 1943 (as a federal territory)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">October 5, 1988 (as a state)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Capital_(political)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital (political)">Capital</a> and largest city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_(Brazil)" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor (Brazil)">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Denarium" title="Antonio Denarium">Antonio Denarium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Progressistas" title="Progressistas">PP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Vice Governor</th><td class="infobox-data">Edilson Damião (<a href="/wiki/Republicans_(Brazil)" title="Republicans (Brazil)">REP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Federal_Senate_(Brazil)" title="Federal Senate (Brazil)">Senators</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chico_Rodrigues" title="Chico Rodrigues">Chico Rodrigues</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Socialist_Party" title="Brazilian Socialist Party">PSB</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Hiran_Gon%C3%A7alves" title="Hiran Gonçalves">Hiran Gonçalves</a> (<a href="/wiki/Progressistas" title="Progressistas">PP</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Mecias_de_Jesus" title="Mecias de Jesus">Mecias de Jesus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republicans_(Brazil)" title="Republicans (Brazil)">REP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">223,644.527 km<sup>2</sup> (86,349.635 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_states_by_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Brazilian states by area">14th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-census2022_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">636,707</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_states_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Brazilian states by population">27th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2.8/km<sup>2</sup> (7.4/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">  • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_states_by_population_density" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Brazilian states by population density">27th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Roraiman<br /><i>Roraimense</i> (pt)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-bge_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bge-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_real" title="Brazilian real">R$</a> 18.203 billion<br />(<a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a> 3.4 billion)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Year</th><td class="infobox-data">2021</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Category</th><td class="infobox-data">0.699<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – <span style="color:orange">medium</span> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_states_by_Human_Development_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Brazilian states by Human Development Index">20th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%924" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−4">UTC−4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_in_Brazil" title="Time in Brazil">AMT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal Code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">69300-000 to 69399-000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:BR" title="ISO 3166-2:BR">BR-RR</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rr.gov.br/">www<wbr />.rr<wbr />.gov<wbr />.br</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Roraima</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Brazilian Portuguese:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-BR-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[ʁoˈɾajmɐ]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/1e\/Pt-br_Roraima.ogg\/Pt-br_Roraima.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pt-br Roraima.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Pt-br_Roraima.ogg/Pt-br_Roraima.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pt-br_Roraima.ogg" title="File:Pt-br Roraima.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">or</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-BR-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[ʁoˈɾɐ̃jmɐ]</a></span>)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is one of the <a href="/wiki/Federative_units_of_Brazil" title="Federative units of Brazil">26 states</a> of <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>. Located in the country's <a href="/wiki/North_Region,_Brazil" title="North Region, Brazil">North Region</a>, it is the northernmost and most geographically and logistically isolated state in Brazil.<sup id="cite_ref-:25_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:25-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is bordered by the state of <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%A1" title="Pará">Pará</a> to the southeast, <a href="/wiki/Amazonas_(Brazilian_state)" title="Amazonas (Brazilian state)">Amazonas</a> to the south and west, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> to the north and northwest, and <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> to the east.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The state covers an area of approximately 223,644.527 square kilometres (86,300 sq mi),<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> slightly larger than <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, being the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_states_by_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Brazilian states by area">fourteenth largest Brazilian state by area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city of <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a> is the capital and largest city in the state, and is the only capital in the country located entirely in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Denarium" title="Antonio Denarium">Antônio Denarium</a>, a member of the conservative <a href="/wiki/Progressistas" title="Progressistas">Progressistas</a> party, has been the governor of the state since 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roraima is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_states_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Brazilian states by population">least populous state in Brazil</a>, with an estimated population of 631,181 inhabitants as of 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also the state with the lowest <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">population density</a> in Brazil, with 2.01 inhabitants per square kilometre. Its economy, based mainly on the <a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Tertiary sector of the economy">tertiary sector</a>, registers a high growth rate, although its <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">Gross Domestic Product</a> (GDP) is the lowest in the country, with <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_real" title="Brazilian real">R$</a> 16.024 billion, representing only 0.20% of the Brazilian economy.<sup id="cite_ref-:Sistema_de_Contas_Regionais_2020_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:Sistema_de_Contas_Regionais_2020-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The history of Roraima is strongly linked to the <a href="/wiki/Branco_River" title="Branco River">Branco River</a>, which allowed the first <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a> settlers to arrive in the region. The Branco River Valley's strategic position made it coveted by the <a href="/wiki/English_people" title="English people">English</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_people" title="Dutch people">Dutch</a>, who entered Brazil through the <a href="/wiki/Guiana_Shield" title="Guiana Shield">Guiana Shield</a> in search of indigenous people to be <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">enslaved</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Spaniards" title="Spaniards">Spaniards</a> also came to invade the northern part of the Branco River and the <a href="/wiki/Uraricoera_River" title="Uraricoera River">Uraricoera River</a> through Venezuela. The Portuguese settlers defeated and expelled all invaders, establishing <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>'s sovereignty over the region of Roraima and part of the Amazonas.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of <a href="/wiki/Crisis_in_Venezuela" title="Crisis in Venezuela">crisis in Venezuela</a> since the 2010s, Roraima has become the leading entry point for <a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_refugee_crisis" title="Venezuelan refugee crisis">Venezuelan refugees</a> in Brazil. Displaced Venezuelans in Roraima are estimated to number around 100,000, approximately one-sixth of the state's population.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word "<span title="Pemon-language text"><i lang="aoc">Roraima</i></span>" comes from the <a href="/wiki/Pemon_language" title="Pemon language">Pemon language</a>. Its etymology gives it three possible meanings: "Green Peak", "Mother of the Winds" and "Cashew Mountain".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It would be the junction of <i>roro</i> (<a href="/wiki/Parrot" title="Parrot">parrot</a>) and <i>imã</i> (father, former).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In that language, <span title="Pemon-language text"><i lang="aoc">roro</i></span>- or also <span title="Pemon-language text"><i lang="aoc">rora</i></span>- means "green", and <span title="Pemon-language text"><i lang="aoc">imã</i></span> means mountain or peak, thus forming the word "Green Peak", reflecting the natural landscape of that specific region.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a possibility that the word "Roraima" has two other meanings: "Mother of the Winds" and "Cashew Mountain". The first meaning comes from the windy climate in the region, where indigenous people believed that the winds that blew through southern Venezuela came from that place. The second, "Cashew Mountain", is due to the many mountains and hills that exist in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Roraima" title="History of Roraima">History of Roraima</a></div> <p>The first <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> settlers arrived in the region by the <a href="/wiki/Branco_River" title="Branco River">Branco River</a>. Before the arrival of the Portuguese, the <a href="/wiki/English_people" title="English people">English</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_people" title="Dutch people">Dutch</a> were already attracted to the region, to explore the Branco River Valley through the <a href="/wiki/The_Guianas" title="The Guianas">Guyanas</a>. <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>'s sovereignty over the region was only established after the <a href="/wiki/Spaniards" title="Spaniards">Spaniards</a> invaded the northern part of the Branco River, along with the <a href="/wiki/Uraricoera_River" title="Uraricoera River">Uraricoera River</a>. From 1725, <a href="/wiki/Carmelites" title="Carmelites">Carmelite missionaries</a> began the task of converting the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Brazil" title="Indigenous peoples in Brazil">indigenous peoples</a> in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Portuguese occupation intensified from the 1730s when it traveled the Branco River in search of consolidation of the borders and indigenous labour. For this, they organized rescue troops (purchase of indigenous people transformed into slaves during wars of opposing ethnic groups), war troops (punishment and enslavement of indigenous people who attacked Portuguese nuclei or prevented evangelization) and the search for Brazilian products for sale, the so-called <i><a href="/wiki/Sert%C3%A3o" title="Sertão">sertão</a></i> drugs. Also, they promoted descents – villages of missionaries and indigenous volunteers or compulsory.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boa_Vista_antiga_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Boa_Vista_antiga_1.jpg/220px-Boa_Vista_antiga_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Boa_Vista_antiga_1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="148" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of the <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a> region at the beginning of the 20th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the middle of the 18th century, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Portuguese_monarchs" title="List of Portuguese monarchs">Portuguese Crown</a> became concerned with the constant Spanish expeditions to the western region of the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon</a>. Thus, the idea of creating the Royal Captaincy of São José do Rio Negro was considered, which occurred through the Royal Charter of March 3, 1755. The main reason for the creation of the captaincy was the fear of the Spanish threat from the <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Peru" title="Viceroyalty of Peru">Viceroyalty of Peru</a>, and the arising fear from the Dutch expeditions in <a href="/wiki/Suriname" title="Suriname">Suriname</a> to trade and imprison indigenous peoples.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The demarcations foresaw by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Madrid_(13_January_1750)" title="Treaty of Madrid (13 January 1750)">Treaty of Madrid, of 1750</a>, also lead to a great extent: with the creation of a new administrative unit in the region, the intention was to implement, in practice, the colonization of the Upper <a href="/wiki/Negro_River_(Amazon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro River (Amazon)">Negro River</a>, creating the necessary infrastructure for the meeting and the work of the Portuguese and Spanish demarcation committees, and this meeting never took place, having Portuguese moulds temporarily occupied the course of the lower Branco River in the meantime, carrying out plantations of <a href="/wiki/Manioc" class="mw-redirect" title="Manioc">manioc</a> and other food, for the provisioning of the commission.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The São Joaquim Fort, built in 1755 at the confluence of the Uraricoiera River with the <a href="/wiki/Takutu_River" title="Takutu River">Takutu River</a>, was decisive in the conquest of the Branco River by the Portuguese. The Fort, which no longer exists today, had the main purpose of providing the Portuguese with total sovereignty of Portugal over the lands of the Branco River Valley, which aroused international greed due to its little exploitation.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Povoado_de_Nossa_Senhora_da_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_(Roraima).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Povoado_de_Nossa_Senhora_da_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_%28Roraima%29.jpg/220px-Povoado_de_Nossa_Senhora_da_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_%28Roraima%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Povoado_de_Nossa_Senhora_da_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_%28Roraima%29.jpg/330px-Povoado_de_Nossa_Senhora_da_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_%28Roraima%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Povoado_de_Nossa_Senhora_da_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_%28Roraima%29.jpg/440px-Povoado_de_Nossa_Senhora_da_Concei%C3%A7%C3%A3o_%28Roraima%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3286" data-file-height="1755" /></a><figcaption>Village of Nossa Senhora da Conceição according to Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira, late 18th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Portuguese colonizers, after assuming sovereignty and total control of the region, created several villages and towns in the locality, together with indigenous natives. Nossa Senhora da Conceição and Santo Antônio, on the Uraricoera River; São Felipe, on the Takutu River and Nossa Senhora do Carmo and Santa Bárbara, on the Branco River, were the main settlements created at the time, housing a significant population number. However, due to the conflicts between the indigenous and the colonizers, because the indigenous people did not accept to submit to the conditions imposed by the Portuguese, the villages did not develop.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To guarantee the presence of the Portuguese settlers in the lands of the Branco River Valley, commander Manuel da Gama Lôbo d'Almada started breeding cattle and horses in the territory, in 1789. The farms of São Bento, São José and São Marcos, on the Uraricoera and Takutu rivers, respectively, were the first to permanently introduce cattle and equine breeding, between 1793 and 1799. Currently, the São Marcos farm belongs to the indigenous people and is located in front of the place where Fort São Joaquim was located.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Centro_c%C3%ADvico_de_Boa_Vista.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Centro_c%C3%ADvico_de_Boa_Vista.jpg/220px-Centro_c%C3%ADvico_de_Boa_Vista.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Centro_c%C3%ADvico_de_Boa_Vista.jpg/330px-Centro_c%C3%ADvico_de_Boa_Vista.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Centro_c%C3%ADvico_de_Boa_Vista.jpg/440px-Centro_c%C3%ADvico_de_Boa_Vista.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Centre of Boa Vista</figcaption></figure> <p>For a year, between 1810 and 1811, English soldiers entered the Valley but were expelled by the commander of São Joaquim Fort. The border between <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>, whose border demarcation process had already been closed, needed to be re-marked, due to the great English invasions that occurred in that period.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Therefore, the colonization of the Branco River was divided into four periods: From 1750 to the beginning of the 19th century, with the discovery of the Branco River; from the mid-19th century until the creation of the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a>, in 1890; from 1890 until the creation of the Federal Territory of Rio Branco; and the creation of the Federal Territory of Rio Branco to elevate it to the category of Brazilian federative unit renamed Roraima.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_18-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Decree-Law No. 5,812 of September 13, 1943, which dismembered the state of <a href="/wiki/Amazonas_(Brazilian_state)" title="Amazonas (Brazilian state)">Amazonas</a>, created the Federal Territory of Rio Branco. In 1962, the territory was called the Federal Territory of Roraima and elevated to the category of Brazilian federative unit by the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Constitution_of_1988" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian Constitution of 1988">Brazilian Constitution of 1988</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The colonization of the region was highly encouraged at the end of the 19th century, with the establishment of National Farms. However, the state's population only found stability after its emancipation, a century later, with the gold and diamond mines that attracted migratory waves from different regions of the country. This disorderly immigration and exploitation resulted in many conflicts and deaths due to illnesses and murders in the locality.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Currently, almost all of the state's <a href="/wiki/Lands_inhabited_by_indigenous_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Lands inhabited by indigenous peoples">indigenous reserves</a> are approved.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brazil_Roraima_relief_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Brazil_Roraima_relief_map.jpg/220px-Brazil_Roraima_relief_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Brazil_Roraima_relief_map.jpg/330px-Brazil_Roraima_relief_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Brazil_Roraima_relief_map.jpg/440px-Brazil_Roraima_relief_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1142" data-file-height="1293" /></a><figcaption>Topographic map of Roraima.</figcaption></figure> <p>Roraima is a state in the <a href="/wiki/North_Region,_Brazil" title="North Region, Brazil">North Region of Brazil</a>, being the northernmost state in the <a href="/wiki/Federative_Republic_of_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Federative Republic of Brazil">Federative Republic of Brazil</a>. It has 1,922 kilometres of border with South American countries. It is bordered by the state of <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%A1" title="Pará">Pará</a> to the southeast for 107 km, <a href="/wiki/Amazonas_(Brazilian_state)" title="Amazonas (Brazilian state)">Amazonas</a> to the south and west for about 1,200 km partly across the Jufari, Jauaperi and Alalau rivers, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> to the north and northwest for 1,403 km across the Serra Parima and north across the Serra Pacaraima, and <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a> to the east for 964 km.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roraima covers an area of approximately 223,644.527 km<sup>2</sup> (86,300 square miles),<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> slightly larger than <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, being the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_states_by_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Brazilian states by area">fourteenth largest Brazilian state by area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Approximately 104,018 km<sup>2</sup> (40,200 square miles) of the state is composed of indigenous areas, representing almost half of the state's territory (46.37%).<sup id="cite_ref-:3_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area of <a href="/wiki/Environmental_preservation" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental preservation">environmental preservation</a> in the state, under the responsibility of the <a href="/wiki/Chico_Mendes_Institute_for_Biodiversity_Conservation" title="Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation">Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation</a> (ICMBio), is also extensive, with 18,879 km<sup>2</sup> (7,300 square miles), 8.42% of Roraima's area.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For this reason, Roraima is the Brazilian state with the second-highest percentage of territory formed by <a href="/wiki/Protected_area" title="Protected area">protected areas</a>, behind only the state of <a href="/wiki/Amap%C3%A1" title="Amapá">Amapá</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relief">Relief</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Relief"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Mount_Roraima" title="Mount Roraima">Mount Roraima</a>, located in <a href="/wiki/Pacaraima_Mountains" title="Pacaraima Mountains">Pacaraima Mountains</a>, is the highest point in the state and one of the highest in the country, with 2,875 m (9,400 feet). The relief in the state is quite varied. Near the borders of Venezuela and Guyana are the mountains of <a href="/wiki/Parima_Mountains" title="Parima Mountains">Parima</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pacaraima_Mountains" title="Pacaraima Mountains">Pacaraima</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Mount_Roraima" title="Mount Roraima">Mount Roraima</a> is located, with an altitude of 2,875 m (9,400 feet). As it is in the far north of Brazil, its points in the far north are the <a href="/wiki/Uailan_River" title="Uailan River">Uailan River</a> and Mount Caburaí.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Roraima is predominantly flat. About 60% of the area is below 200 m (700 feet), about 25% averages between 200 and 300 metres, 14% from 300 to 900 metres and only 1% has elevations over 900 metres above <a href="/wiki/Sea_level" title="Sea level">sea level</a>. There are also two <a href="/wiki/Geomorphology" title="Geomorphology">geomorphological</a> structures: the Wavy Plateau and the Northern Escarpments, which are part of the <a href="/wiki/Guiana_Shield" title="Guiana Shield">Guiana Shield</a>. Its Wavy Plateau is a large pediplain, formed by isolated and dispersed massifs and peaks.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of its variations, the relief is divided into five degrees: The first-degree houses areas of the state that can be flooded, which do not have a specific form of relief, but which are covered by a thin layer of water; the second degree would be the <a href="/wiki/Branco_River" title="Branco River">Branco River</a> pediplain, an important unit of enormous expression in the state since it occupies a large part of its lands. In this pediplain, the altitudes vary from 70 to 160 metres and have a low slope towards the river channels. The third degree is formed by elevations that can reach an altitude of 400 metres.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are mountain ranges such as Serra da Lua, Serra Grande, Serra da Batata and others. The fourth degree is characterized by elevations that can vary from 600 to 2,000 metres of altitude, formed mainly by the <a href="/wiki/Pacaraima_Mountains" title="Pacaraima Mountains">Pacaraima mountain range</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parima_Mountains" title="Parima Mountains">Serra do Parima</a> and Serra do Urucuzeiro. These mountains are joined in the form of chains and the rivers that form the <a href="/wiki/Uraricoera_River" title="Uraricoera River">Uraricoera river</a> are born there. Finally, the fifth degree, groups the highest regions, formed by elevations that reach almost 3,000 metres of altitude.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_22-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:896px;max-width:896px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1,_Roraima_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%282%29.jpg/220px-Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%282%29.jpg/330px-Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%282%29.jpg/440px-Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="664" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Landscape of the <a href="/wiki/Viru%C3%A1_National_Park" title="Viruá National Park">Viruá National Park</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paisagem_da_Serra_do_Tepequ%C3%A9m.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Paisagem_da_Serra_do_Tepequ%C3%A9m.jpg/220px-Paisagem_da_Serra_do_Tepequ%C3%A9m.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Paisagem_da_Serra_do_Tepequ%C3%A9m.jpg/330px-Paisagem_da_Serra_do_Tepequ%C3%A9m.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Paisagem_da_Serra_do_Tepequ%C3%A9m.jpg/440px-Paisagem_da_Serra_do_Tepequ%C3%A9m.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Rock formations in the Serra do Tepequém</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Savanas_de_Roraima_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Savanas_de_Roraima_%281%29.jpg/220px-Savanas_de_Roraima_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Savanas_de_Roraima_%281%29.jpg/330px-Savanas_de_Roraima_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Savanas_de_Roraima_%281%29.jpg/440px-Savanas_de_Roraima_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="811" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Savannah landscape in northeastern Roraima</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parque_Nacional_do_Monte_Roraima_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Parque_Nacional_do_Monte_Roraima_%281%29.jpg/220px-Parque_Nacional_do_Monte_Roraima_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Parque_Nacional_do_Monte_Roraima_%281%29.jpg/330px-Parque_Nacional_do_Monte_Roraima_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Parque_Nacional_do_Monte_Roraima_%281%29.jpg/440px-Parque_Nacional_do_Monte_Roraima_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Landscape of the <a href="/wiki/Mount_Roraima_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Roraima National Park">Mount Roraima National Park</a></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roraima_K%C3%B6ppen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Roraima_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/220px-Roraima_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Roraima_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/330px-Roraima_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Roraima_K%C3%B6ppen.svg/440px-Roraima_K%C3%B6ppen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="710" /></a><figcaption>Köppen climate types of Roraima</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen-Geiger_climate_classification" class="mw-redirect" title="Köppen-Geiger climate classification">Köppen-Geiger climate classification</a>, the prevailing climate in Roraima is similar to that of other states in the North Region that shelter the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon rainforest</a>: basic variations of the <a href="/wiki/Tropical_climate" title="Tropical climate">tropical climate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average temperature during the year varies from 20 °C (68 °F) in points of relief with higher altitudes, to 38 °C (100 °F) in areas of smooth or flat relief.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rainfall index in the eastern part is about 2000 millimetres. In the western part, it is approximately 1500 millimetres. In the capital and nearby areas, the indexes reach 2600 millimetres.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In general, the climate varies according to the region. The south and west of the state have a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest_climate" title="Tropical rainforest climate">tropical rainforest climate</a> (<i>Af</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-:6_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average annual temperature ranges from 25 to 28 °C (77 to 82 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-:7_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the north and east, the prevailing climates are the <a href="/wiki/Tropical_monsoon_climate" title="Tropical monsoon climate">tropical monsoon climate</a> (<i>Am</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climate" title="Tropical savanna climate">tropical savanna climate</a> (<i>Aw</i>), where the average temperature is similar to the other regions of the state, however the rainfall index is lower, and the dry season is well defined.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the latitude, in the extreme northwest and northeast, in the highest areas of the state, it is possible to find climatic patterns compatible with those of <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climates</a> (<i>Cfa</i> and <i>Cwa</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-:6_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as in the region around Mount Roraima, which has an annual average temperature between 20 and 22 °C (68 and 72 °F), and a dry season between December and March.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hydrography">Hydrography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Hydrography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rio_Branco_sul.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Rio_Branco_sul.JPG/220px-Rio_Branco_sul.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Rio_Branco_sul.JPG/330px-Rio_Branco_sul.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Rio_Branco_sul.JPG/440px-Rio_Branco_sul.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2656" /></a><figcaption>Branco River, near Boa Vista.</figcaption></figure> <p>The state of Roraima has extensive hydrography. Its territory is abundantly irrigated by 14 rivers, being these: <a href="/wiki/%C3%81gua_Boa_do_Univini_River" title="Água Boa do Univini River">Água Boa do Univiní</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ail%C3%A3_River" title="Ailã River">Ailã</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ajarani_River" title="Ajarani River">Ajarani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alala%C3%BA_River" title="Alalaú River">Alalaú</a>, <a href="/wiki/Branco_River" title="Branco River">Branco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catrimani_River" title="Catrimani River">Catrimani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cauam%C3%A9_River" title="Cauamé River">Cauamé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Itapar%C3%A1_River" title="Itapará River">Itapará</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mucaja%C3%AD_River" title="Mucajaí River">Mucajaí</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surumu_River" title="Surumu River">Surumu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Takutu_River" title="Takutu River">Takutu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uraricoera_River" title="Uraricoera River">Uraricoera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urubu_River_(Amazonas)" title="Urubu River (Amazonas)">Urubu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xeruini_River" title="Xeruini River">Xeruini</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hydrography of Roraima is part of the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_River_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon River Basin">Amazon River basin</a> and is basically based on the Branco River sub-basin of 45,530 km<sup>2</sup> (17,600 square miles), the largest and most important in the state. This river is one of the tributaries of the <a href="/wiki/Rio_Negro_(Amazon)" title="Rio Negro (Amazon)">Negro River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most of the rivers in the region have a large number of <a href="/wiki/Beach" title="Beach">beaches</a> in the summer, ideal for tourism and leisure. Besides, there are rapids rivers located in the north of the state, which are an option for water sports, such as <a href="/wiki/Canoeing" title="Canoeing">canoeing</a>. Almost all water sources in the state originate within its territory, except for two rivers with springs in <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>. All Roraiman rivers flow into the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon Basin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fauna_and_flora">Fauna and flora</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Fauna and flora"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cavalos_selvagens_de_Roraima.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Cavalos_selvagens_de_Roraima.jpg/220px-Cavalos_selvagens_de_Roraima.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Cavalos_selvagens_de_Roraima.jpg/330px-Cavalos_selvagens_de_Roraima.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Cavalos_selvagens_de_Roraima.jpg/440px-Cavalos_selvagens_de_Roraima.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption><i>Lavradeiros</i> (feral horses) near <a href="/wiki/Amajari" title="Amajari">Amajari</a>, Roraima. Northern Roraima <a href="/wiki/Feral_horse" title="Feral horse">feral horses</a> are among the last feral horse populations in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-:28_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:28-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The diversity of <a href="/wiki/Landscape" title="Landscape">landscapes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biome" title="Biome">biomes</a> in Roraima contributes to the formation of the fauna in Roraima.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Roraiman <a href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon rainforest</a> region, animals such as <i><a href="/wiki/Jaguar" title="Jaguar">jaguars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tapir" title="Tapir">tapirs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peccaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Peccaries">peccaries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alligator" title="Alligator">alligators</a>, <a href="/wiki/Margay_cat" class="mw-redirect" title="Margay cat">margay cats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otter" title="Otter">otters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deer" title="Deer">deers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monkey" title="Monkey">monkeys</a></i>, and other species are found.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the general fields of the Branco River and the savannas, there are <i><a href="/wiki/Anteater" title="Anteater">anteaters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armadillo" title="Armadillo">armadillos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tortoise" title="Tortoise">tortoises</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pampas_deer" title="Pampas deer">pampas deer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paca" title="Paca">pacas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agouti" title="Agouti">agouti</a>,</i> several species of snakes and other species.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among many species, the <a href="/wiki/Wild_horse" title="Wild horse">wild horses</a> stand out, they are called <i><a href="/wiki/Lavradeiro" title="Lavradeiro">cavalos lavradeiros</a></i> (in English: savannah horses or steppe horses), one of the last populations of wild horses in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:28_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:28-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the Branco River basin, where most fish species are found, the variety of species is large. Among the main fish are the <i><a href="/wiki/Pacu" title="Pacu">pacu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peacock_bass" title="Peacock bass">peacock bass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surubi" class="mw-redirect" title="Surubi">surubi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matrinx%C3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Matrinxã">matrinxã</a>, <a href="/wiki/Redtail_catfish" title="Redtail catfish">redtail catfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tambaqui" title="Tambaqui">tambaqui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pterophyllum" title="Pterophyllum">acará</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pimelodus" title="Pimelodus">mandi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Auxis_thazard" class="mw-redirect" title="Auxis thazard">cachorra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piranha" title="Piranha">piranha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tra%C3%ADra" class="mw-redirect" title="Traíra">traíra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pira%C3%ADba" class="mw-redirect" title="Piraíba">piraíba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arowana" title="Arowana">arowana</a></i> and many other species.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On the beaches of the lower Branco River, it is still possible to find species of <a href="/wiki/Turtle" title="Turtle">turtles</a>, such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Yellow-spotted_river_turtle" title="Yellow-spotted river turtle">yellow-spotted river turtle</a></i>. There are many species of birds in the state, from large to small ones. Among the large ones, the <i>passarão</i> (literally big bird) and the <i><a href="/wiki/Jabiru" title="Jabiru">jabiru</a></i> stand out. Among the small ones, <i><a href="/wiki/Guan_(bird)" title="Guan (bird)">guans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heron" title="Heron">herons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crested_caracara" title="Crested caracara">crested caracara</a></i> and others stand out.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1,_Roraima_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%281%29.jpg/220px-Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%281%29.jpg/330px-Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%281%29.jpg/440px-Parque_Nacional_do_Viru%C3%A1%2C_Roraima_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="522" data-file-height="340" /></a><figcaption><i>Buritizeiros</i> in Roraima.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Savanas_de_Roraima.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Savanas_de_Roraima.jpg/220px-Savanas_de_Roraima.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Savanas_de_Roraima.jpg/330px-Savanas_de_Roraima.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Savanas_de_Roraima.jpg/440px-Savanas_de_Roraima.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>Lavrado region.</figcaption></figure> <p>In Roraima, the flora is divided into three regions: </p> <ul><li>Amazon rainforest <i>(Floresta tropical amazônica)</i>: composed of dense and humid forest typical of the lower Branco River, extending through the southwest region.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>General fields of the Branco River <i>(Campos Gerais do Rio Branco)</i>: approximately 44,000 km<sup>2</sup> (17,000 sq mi), also known as the lavrado region. Lavrado is also known as the savannah. Formed by <a href="/wiki/Poaceae" title="Poaceae">grass-plot</a>, but along the watercourses, called <i>igarapés</i>, there are large <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">palm trees</a> known as <a href="/wiki/Mauritia_flexuosa" title="Mauritia flexuosa"><i>buritizeiros</i></a>. In the lavrado there are also, in great quantity, bushes, paricaranas and muricizeiros.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Mountainous region <i>(Região Serrana)</i>: with typical mountainous vegetation, thinner trees and valleys rich in <a href="/wiki/Humus" title="Humus">humus</a> with good-quality grass for livestock.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In any of the regions, there are three different types of vegetation cover taking into account the river banks. These are: </p> <ul><li>Mainland forests <i>(Matas de terra firme)</i>: comprising forests located in lands never affected by river floods.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Floodplain forests <i>(Matas de várzeas)</i>: these are the forests that cover the lands affected by the floods of rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Riparian forests <i>(Matas ciliares)</i>: these are preserved by law and are also flooded every year by river floods.<sup id="cite_ref-:29_30-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:29-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demography">Demography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">18,116</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1960</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">29,489</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+62.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">41,638</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+41.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">82,018</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+97.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1991</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">215,950</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+163.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">324,397</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+50.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">450,479</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+38.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2022</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">636,707</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+41.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source:<sup id="cite_ref-census2022_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2022-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Imagem_de_sat%C3%A9lite_de_Boa_Vista,_Roraima_em_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Imagem_de_sat%C3%A9lite_de_Boa_Vista%2C_Roraima_em_2017.jpg/220px-Imagem_de_sat%C3%A9lite_de_Boa_Vista%2C_Roraima_em_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Imagem_de_sat%C3%A9lite_de_Boa_Vista%2C_Roraima_em_2017.jpg/330px-Imagem_de_sat%C3%A9lite_de_Boa_Vista%2C_Roraima_em_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Imagem_de_sat%C3%A9lite_de_Boa_Vista%2C_Roraima_em_2017.jpg/440px-Imagem_de_sat%C3%A9lite_de_Boa_Vista%2C_Roraima_em_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1617" data-file-height="1097" /></a><figcaption>Satellite image of Boa Vista, capital of Roraima, in 2017.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roraima_DensidadePopulacional.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Roraima_DensidadePopulacional.svg/220px-Roraima_DensidadePopulacional.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Roraima_DensidadePopulacional.svg/330px-Roraima_DensidadePopulacional.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Roraima_DensidadePopulacional.svg/440px-Roraima_DensidadePopulacional.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="624" data-file-height="687" /></a><figcaption>Population density in Roraima in the 2010 census.<br /> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#acadff; color:black;"> </span> > 25/km<sup>2</sup></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#e4e4ff; color:black;"> </span> 1 – 25/km<sup>2</sup></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFFFF; color:black;"> </span> 0 – 1/km<sup>2</sup></div> </figcaption></figure> <p>According to the population estimate of 2020 carried out by the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Institute_of_Geography_and_Statistics" title="Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics">Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics</a> (IBGE), Roraima had a population of 631,181 inhabitants, which makes the state the least populous federative unit in Brazil.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capital, <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a>, concentrates 66.4% of the state's population.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population of Roraima has almost doubled in twenty years. In 1991, the state had only 217,583 inhabitants, a significant increase of 95.51% in population growth.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The municipalities that showed the highest population growth were <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a>, the capital, and <a href="/wiki/Rorain%C3%B3polis" title="Rorainópolis">Rorainópolis</a>. As for the annual population growth in Roraima, the state ranks among the fastest-growing in Brazil, with a rate of 4.6%, much higher than the national average of 1.6% growth. In this regard, it is second only to <a href="/wiki/Amap%C3%A1" title="Amapá">Amapá</a>, which registers more than 5% annual growth.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, this high population growth has been declining in recent years.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An example of this is the rate presented in 2000 when Roraima showed 49.09% of population growth with 1991. In the last census, in 2010, that number dropped to 31.13%.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the total population of the state in 2010, 229,343 inhabitants are men and 221,884 inhabitants are women.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, the growth of the urban population has intensified significantly, exceeding the total rural population. According to the 2000 estimate, 80.3% of the inhabitants lived in cities.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Population_density" title="Population density">population density</a> was 1.8 inhab./km<sup>2</sup> in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This mark is lower than the Brazilian density, 19.94 inhab./km<sup>2</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The distribution of the state population is uneven, with a greater concentration in the capital region and the south of the state. Five municipalities – Boa Vista, Rorainópolis, Alto Alegre, Caracaraí and Bonfim – concentrate more than half of the population of Roraima.<sup id="cite_ref-:12_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2017, the <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> (HDI) of Roraima was 0.752, considered high and placing the state in 12th position among the 26 states in Brazil.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:100%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#b4ddb4; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> † </span> Region seat<br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#CCF; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> †† </span> State capital and region seat </p> </blockquote> </div> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Municipalities in Roraima by population in 2020<sup id="cite_ref-:18_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Municipality </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Intermediate_and_Immediate_Geographic_Regions" title="Intermediate and Immediate Geographic Regions">Immediate region</a> </th> <th>Population <p>(2020) </p> </th> <th>Percentage of total <p>population </p> </th></tr> <tr style="background-color:#CCF;"> <td align="center">1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a> †† </td> <td>Boa Vista </td> <td align="center">419,652 </td> <td align="center">66.4% </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#b4ddb4;"> <td align="center">2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rorain%C3%B3polis" title="Rorainópolis">Rorainópolis</a> † </td> <td>Rorainópolis </td> <td align="center">30,782 </td> <td align="center">4.8% </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#b4ddb4;"> <td align="center">3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caracara%C3%AD" title="Caracaraí">Caracaraí</a> † </td> <td>Caracaraí </td> <td align="center">22,283 </td> <td align="center">3.5% </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#b4ddb4;"> <td align="center">4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pacaraima" title="Pacaraima">Pacaraima</a> † </td> <td>Pacaraima </td> <td align="center">18,913 </td> <td align="center">2.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cant%C3%A1" title="Cantá">Cantá</a> </td> <td>Boa Vista </td> <td align="center">18,799 </td> <td align="center">2.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mucaja%C3%AD" title="Mucajaí">Mucajaí</a> </td> <td>Boa Vista </td> <td align="center">18,172 </td> <td align="center">2.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alto_Alegre,_Roraima" title="Alto Alegre, Roraima">Alto Alegre</a> </td> <td>Boa Vista </td> <td align="center">15,380 </td> <td align="center">2.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">8 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amajari" title="Amajari">Amajari</a> </td> <td>Pacaraima </td> <td align="center">13,185 </td> <td align="center">2.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">9 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bonfim,_Roraima" title="Bonfim, Roraima">Bonfim</a> </td> <td>Boa Vista </td> <td align="center">12,557 </td> <td align="center">1.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Iracema,_Roraima" title="Iracema, Roraima">Iracema</a> </td> <td>Caracaraí </td> <td align="center">12,296 </td> <td align="center">1.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">11 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Normandia,_Roraima" title="Normandia, Roraima">Normandia</a> </td> <td>Pacaraima </td> <td align="center">11,532 </td> <td align="center">1.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">12 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Uiramut%C3%A3" title="Uiramutã">Uiramutã</a> </td> <td>Pacaraima </td> <td align="center">10,789 </td> <td align="center">1.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caroebe" title="Caroebe">Caroebe</a> </td> <td>Rorainópolis </td> <td align="center">10,383 </td> <td align="center">1.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">14 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Jo%C3%A3o_da_Baliza" title="São João da Baliza">São João da Baliza</a> </td> <td>Rorainópolis </td> <td align="center">8,348 </td> <td align="center">1.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">15 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Luiz,_Roraima" title="São Luiz, Roraima">São Luiz</a> </td> <td>Rorainópolis </td> <td align="center">8,110 </td> <td align="center">1.2% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicity">Ethnicity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ethnicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 15915.284869129px; border-left-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 7957.3282711643px; border-left-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Red"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 184.63791930554px; border-left-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Purple"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Purple"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 19.076020221857px; border-left-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:Blue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:44.27582310389px 89.664103678524px 0 0; border-top-color:Green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Green"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Ethnicities of Roraima in 2022<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;"> </span> <i><a href="/wiki/Pardo" title="Pardo">Pardo</a></i> (mixed-race) (57.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Blue; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/White_Brazilians" title="White Brazilians">White</a> (20.7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Purple; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Brazil" title="Indigenous peoples in Brazil">Indigenous</a> (14.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Red; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Afro-Brazilians" title="Afro-Brazilians">Black</a> (7.7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Yellow; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Asian_Brazilians" title="Asian Brazilians">Asian</a> (0.1%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>Cultural, political and economic traits inherited from the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spaniards" title="Spaniards">Spanish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dutch_people" title="Dutch people">Dutch</a> are influential in Roraima. Also, the importance of the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Brazil" title="Indigenous peoples in Brazil">indigenous peoples</a> in terms of ethnic contribution cannot be forgotten. It was the indigenous people who initiated human occupation in the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon region</a>, and their descendants, the <i><a href="/wiki/Caboclo" title="Caboclo">caboclos</a></i>, developed in close contact with the environment, adapting to the regional peculiarities and opportunities offered by the forest.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In its historical formation, the Roraiman demography is the result of the <a href="/wiki/Miscegenation" title="Miscegenation">miscegenation</a> of the three basic ethnic groups that make up the population in the state: the Indigenous, the Europeans and the Africans, thus forming the mestizos of the region (<i><a href="/wiki/Caboclo" title="Caboclo">caboclos</a></i>). Later, with the arrival of migrants, especially from the <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Region,_Brazil" title="Northeast Region, Brazil">Northeast of Brazil</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:13_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a "broth" of singular culture was formed, which characterizes a large part of the population, its values and way of life.<sup id="cite_ref-:13_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:13-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/2022_Brazilian_census" title="2022 Brazilian census">2022 census</a>, the total population of Roraima was composed of <i><a href="/wiki/Pardo" title="Pardo">Pardos</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Multiracial_people" title="Multiracial people">mixed-race</a>, 57.3%), <a href="/wiki/White_Brazilians" title="White Brazilians">Whites</a> (20.7%), <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Brazil" title="Indigenous peoples in Brazil">Indigenous</a> (14.1%), <a href="/wiki/Afro-Brazilians" title="Afro-Brazilians">Afro-Brazilians</a> (7.7%) and <a href="/wiki/Asian_Brazilians" title="Asian Brazilians">Asians</a> (0.1%).<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roraima also recognizes <a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">mestizo</a> identity. Mestizo Day (June 27) is an official date in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-:15_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:15-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_Cristo_Redentor-RR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Catedral_Cristo_Redentor-RR.jpg/220px-Catedral_Cristo_Redentor-RR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Catedral_Cristo_Redentor-RR.jpg/330px-Catedral_Cristo_Redentor-RR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Catedral_Cristo_Redentor-RR.jpg/440px-Catedral_Cristo_Redentor-RR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="427" /></a><figcaption>Christ the Redeemer Cathedral</figcaption></figure> <p>According to data from 2010, from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the main religious denominations of Roraima were: Catholicism (50.5%), <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a> (30.3%), <a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">no religion</a> (12.98%), Indigenous religions (2.75%), <a href="/wiki/Kardecist_spiritism" title="Kardecist spiritism">Spiritism</a> (0.91%), <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (0.13%), <a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9" title="Candomblé">Candomblé</a> (0.08%), <a href="/wiki/Western_esotericism" title="Western esotericism">Esoteric traditions</a> (0.03%), <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (0.03% each), <a href="/wiki/Umbanda" title="Umbanda">Umbanda</a> (0.02%) and <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> (0.01%).<sup id="cite_ref-:14_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Roraima" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Roraima">Roman Catholic Diocese of Roraima</a> with 22 parishes under Bishop Evaristo Pascoal Spengler (2023),<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Suffragan_diocese" title="Suffragan diocese">suffragan diocese</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Manaus" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manaus">Archdiocese of Manaus</a>, is the only Catholic diocese in the state of Roraima. It belongs to the <a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecclesiastical Province">Ecclesiastical Province</a> of Manaus and the Northern Regional Episcopal Council of the <a href="/wiki/National_Conference_of_Bishops_of_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="National Conference of Bishops of Brazil">National Conference of Bishops of Brazil</a>. The episcopal see is in the Cristo Redentor Cathedral, in the city of <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a>. In addition to the majority Catholic Church, there are dozens of different Protestant denominations in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_religions" title="Eastern religions">Eastern religions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a> and evangelical denominations have grown considerably in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the Christian restorationist denominations, <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a> (0.55%) and <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> (0.15%) stand out. Among the new Eastern religions, the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_World_Messianity" title="Church of World Messianity">Church of World Messianity</a> stands out (0.06%). Other beliefs are shared by 1.47% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-:14_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:14-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009, the state had a network of 585 <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">elementary schools</a>, of which 322 are state schools, 252 municipal, 10 <a href="/wiki/Independent_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent school">private</a> and 1 federal public school. The teaching staff consisted of 4,842 teachers, of whom 2,952 worked in state public schools, 1,627 in municipal public schools and 217 in private schools. 86,547 students studied in these schools, of which 82,208 in public schools and 4,339 in private schools. <a href="/wiki/Secondary_school" title="Secondary school">High school</a> was given in 100 establishments, with an enrollment of 17,512 students. Of the 17,512 students, 16,175 were in public schools and 1,337 in private schools.<sup id="cite_ref-:21_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:21-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bloco_I_UFRR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bloco_I_UFRR.jpg/220px-Bloco_I_UFRR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bloco_I_UFRR.jpg/330px-Bloco_I_UFRR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bloco_I_UFRR.jpg/440px-Bloco_I_UFRR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Block I of the <a href="/wiki/Federal_University_of_Roraima" title="Federal University of Roraima">Federal University of Roraima</a> (UFRR), on the Paricarana campus.</figcaption></figure> <p>As for higher education, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_University_of_Roraima" title="Federal University of Roraima">Federal University of Roraima</a> (UFRR), the State University of Roraima (UERR) and the Federal Institute of Roraima (IFRR) stand out. There are also private Higher Education establishments: Roraiman College of Higher Education (FARES),<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Estácio Atual College,<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cathedral College and Faculty of Sciences, Education and Theology of Northern Brazil (FACETEN).<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:22_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:21_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:21-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About 14,500 pre-school students were also registered, divided into 270 teaching units. Of these, 258 were municipal, with none at the state level. There were 857 pre-school teachers in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019 the <a href="/wiki/Illiteracy_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Illiteracy rate">illiteracy rate</a> in the state was 5%, placing Roraima in the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_states_by_literacy_rate" title="List of Brazilian states by literacy rate">7th position among the states of Brazil with the highest percentage of literate population</a>, ahead of all states in the <a href="/wiki/North_Region,_Brazil" title="North Region, Brazil">North</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northeast_Region,_Brazil" title="Northeast Region, Brazil">Northeast</a> regions.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, in the Basic Education Development Index (IDEB), the state reached a score of 5.7 points, being higher than the national average and becoming the 15th position among the Brazilian states.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, the average grade of Roraima in the <a href="/wiki/National_High_School_Exam" class="mw-redirect" title="National High School Exam">National High School Exam</a> (ENEM) is 35.03 in the objective test and 56.37 in the essay test, being one of the highest scores in the North-Northeast of Brazil. In these two regions, Roraima lost only to <a href="/wiki/Amazonas_(Brazilian_state)" title="Amazonas (Brazilian state)">Amazonas</a> (57.77). However, even with the second highest score, the Roraiman average was below the national average, which was 57.26. Regarding the number of students, 7,463 participated in ENEM in 2010, of which 2,404 were high school graduates and 4,493 graduates. 85.52% of the total students came from public schools.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A survey carried out by <a href="/wiki/G1_(website)" title="G1 (website)">Portal G1</a> identified Roraima as one of the Brazilian states that best remunerates middle school teachers, with an average salary of <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_real" title="Brazilian real">R$</a> 2,099.47 for 25 hours per week. According to the survey, the highest salary in the country, in the <a href="/wiki/Federal_District_(Brazil)" title="Federal District (Brazil)">Federal District</a> – in the amount of R $3,121.96 – was related to a workload of 40 hours. In the same year, the NGO Todos pela Educação also mentioned Roraima as the second Brazilian state with the highest investment in basic education students per year, with R$4,834.43, for each student.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Health care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; float:right; margin:1em; border-collapse:border; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Child_mortality" title="Child mortality">Child mortality</a> </th> <td>20.1 per thousand births<sup id="cite_ref-:23_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:23-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Doctors </th> <td>8.3 per 10,000 inhab. (2005)<sup id="cite_ref-:24_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:24-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hospital beds </th> <td>1.6 per thousand inhab. (2005)<sup id="cite_ref-:24_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:24-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 2005, there were 455 <a href="/wiki/Hospital" title="Hospital">hospital establishments</a> in the state, with 725 <a href="/wiki/Hospital_bed" title="Hospital bed">beds</a> and 56 doctors, 10 graduated nurses and 60 nursing assistants.<sup id="cite_ref-:24_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:24-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, of the 455 existing hospitals, 378 were for adults and children, 22 were exclusively for children, being 49 general and 3 specialized.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005, 85.2% of the population of Roraima had access to the water network, while 75% benefited from the sanitary <a href="/wiki/Sewage" title="Sewage">sewage</a> network.<sup id="cite_ref-:23_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:23-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the 2010 Brazilian Census, 81.4% of the population of Roraima rated their health as good or excellent; 72.5% of the population regularly undergo medical consultations; 44.9% of the inhabitants consulted the dentist regularly and 7.4% of the population has been hospitalized in the last twelve months. Approximately 22% of the inhabitants declared to have a <a href="/wiki/Chronic_condition" title="Chronic condition">chronic disease</a> and only 9.8% have health insurance. Another significant fact is the fact that 44.7% of the inhabitants declare that they always need the Family Health Unit Program (PUSF).<sup id="cite_ref-:26_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:26-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Regarding <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_health" title="Women's health">women's health</a>, 30.5% of women over 40 years old had a <a href="/wiki/Clinical_breast_examination" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinical breast examination">clinical breast exam</a> in the last twelve months; 39.1% of women between 50 and 69 years old had a <a href="/wiki/Mammography" title="Mammography">mammogram</a> in the last twenty-four months, and 85.6% of women between 25 and 59 years old had a preventive exam for <a href="/wiki/Cervical_cancer" title="Cervical cancer">cervical cancer</a> in the last thirty-six months.<sup id="cite_ref-:26_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:26-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%; float:right; margin:1em; border-collapse:border; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" class="style="background:#b8860b;">Agricultural production in Roraima <p>(2006)<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Crop </th> <th>Amount (<a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">t</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">Coffee</a> </td> <td>24,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">Maize</a> </td> <td>15,740 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">Banana</a> </td> <td>13,415 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">Soybean</a> </td> <td>11,005 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">Cassava</a> </td> <td>8,745 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">Orange</a> </td> <td>467 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sugar_cane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sugar cane">Sugar cane</a> </td> <td>373 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bean" title="Bean">Bean</a> </td> <td>82 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>With a <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">Gross Domestic Product</a> (GDP) of only <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_real" title="Brazilian real">R$</a> 13,37 billion, the economy of the state of Roraima is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_federative_units_by_gross_regional_product" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Brazilian federative units by gross regional product">smallest in Brazil</a>, corresponding to only 0.2% of Brazil's economy. It is based on <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_production" class="mw-redirect" title="Agricultural production">agricultural production</a>, mainly in grain <a href="/wiki/Agribusiness" title="Agribusiness">agribusiness</a>, with emphasis on <a href="/wiki/Rice" title="Rice">rice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soybean" title="Soybean">soybeans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">corn</a>. It is said that the state works in the so-called "paycheck economy", when there is a circulation mainly of the amounts paid in salaries to public servants and private employees of commerce.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Live_cattle_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Live cattle trade">live cattle trade</a> for slaughter in <a href="/wiki/Manaus" title="Manaus">Manaus</a> was, until the 1970s, the main economic base. For years, between 6 and 10 thousand oxen were traded with Manaus annually. This type of trade brought <a href="/wiki/Foodstuff" class="mw-redirect" title="Foodstuff">foodstuffs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clothing" title="Clothing">clothing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Household_hardware" class="mw-redirect" title="Household hardware">household items</a>, among others, to Roraima. This form of supply ended due to two main factors: <a href="/wiki/Population_growth" title="Population growth">population growth</a> in the state, through the inauguration of the <a href="/wiki/BR-174" class="mw-redirect" title="BR-174">Manaus–Boa Vista Road</a>, and the decrease in the cattle herd.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:17_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rice took the place of meat, starting to be traded with Manaus in the late 1970s. In 1977, <a href="/wiki/Agricultural_technology" title="Agricultural technology">agricultural mechanization</a> for rice crop was introduced, increasing production capacity. In the beginning, mechanization was applied in the area of plowing for the production of <a href="/wiki/Upland_rice" title="Upland rice">upland rice</a>, which did not have the success expected by several factors. One of them was the lack of physical structure for storing production, as there were no dryers and warehouses. However, this system made it possible to shift production to irrigated rice. With more capitalized producers and government support in the construction of warehouses and dryers, production became viable. This type of rice came to be produced in the floodplains of the <a href="/wiki/Branco_River" title="Branco River">Branco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Takutu_River" title="Takutu River">Takutu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uraricoera_River" title="Uraricoera River">Uraricoera</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cauam%C3%A9_River" title="Cauamé River">Cauamé</a> rivers, with productivity high enough to cover the high costs of implanting and maintaining this crop in Roraima.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:17_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Subsequently, the cultivation of soybeans appeared in the plowing, with the planted area being increased year by year. The biggest problems of this crop are in the area of guaranteeing land tenure, its incompatibilities with environmental laws, in addition to irregularity and poor reliability of transport. These two largest crops in Roraima decreased with the conquest by the peoples from the Demarcation of the <a href="/wiki/Raposa_Serra_do_Sol" title="Raposa Serra do Sol">Raposa Serra do Sol Indigenous Area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_62-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:17_63-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Other crops such as corn, <a href="/wiki/Cassava" title="Cassava">cassava</a> and beans are also present. But they do not reach the level of rice and soy production. In the case of <a href="/wiki/Manioc" class="mw-redirect" title="Manioc">manioc</a> for the production of <a href="/wiki/Flour" title="Flour">flour</a>, Roraima is self-sufficient. In the area of fruit growing, <a href="/wiki/Pineapple" title="Pineapple">pineapple</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">orange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">banana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Papaya" title="Papaya">papaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melon" title="Melon">melon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Watermelon" title="Watermelon">watermelon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grape" title="Grape">grape</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">lemon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Passion_fruit_(fruit)" title="Passion fruit (fruit)">passion fruit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tangerine" title="Tangerine">tangerine</a> are produced in the state. The melon, watermelon and papaya stand out for their quality recognition. There has been great progress with vegetables in recent years. The production of <a href="/wiki/Lettuce" title="Lettuce">lettuce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_onions" class="mw-redirect" title="Green onions">green onions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parsley" title="Parsley">parsley</a>, peppers, <a href="/wiki/Sweet_potato" title="Sweet potato">sweet potatoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/String_beans" class="mw-redirect" title="String beans">string beans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pumpkin" title="Pumpkin">pumpkin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cabbage" title="Cabbage">cabbage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bell_pepper" title="Bell pepper">sweet pepper</a> have increased, and it can be said that there is also self-sufficiency in this sector. Greenhouse production has helped in this process.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_62-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:17_63-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brazil_nuts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Brazil_nuts.jpg/220px-Brazil_nuts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Brazil_nuts.jpg/330px-Brazil_nuts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Brazil_nuts.jpg/440px-Brazil_nuts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1501" data-file-height="924" /></a><figcaption>Brazil nuts after shell removal</figcaption></figure> <p>Roraima has always occupied a secondary position in the economic geography of the Amazon when it comes to plant extractivism, producing <a href="/wiki/Brazil_nut" title="Brazil nut">Brazil nuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rowanberries" class="mw-redirect" title="Rowanberries">rowanberries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a>. The first two in the southern region of the state, especially under the <a href="/wiki/Branco_River" title="Branco River">Branco River</a>. They are sold in Manaus, but on a small scale. The wood has been explored and traded with <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> and, more recently, with other countries in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_62-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:17_63-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Roraiman industry is small. In the Industrial District of Boa Vista, located on the edge of the <a href="/wiki/BR-174" class="mw-redirect" title="BR-174">BR-174</a>, there were 58 plants in operation in 2015. They produce cereals, wood, leather, and others. The <a href="/wiki/Commercial_sector" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial sector">commercial sector</a> is traditional, buying from other places, such as <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a> and Manaus, and reselling in Boa Vista and other municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_62-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:17_63-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Getting closer commercially with neighboring countries to practice <a href="/wiki/International_trade" title="International trade">foreign trade</a> is a path that has been recently traced. The main trading partner for exports and imports is Venezuela; the main product exported in 2004 and 2010 was wood; in 2015, there was a good diversification with the export of soy, leather and <a href="/wiki/Mineral_water" title="Mineral water">mineral water</a>, in addition to wood. The products imported in greater quantity have been machines, devices and mechanical instruments. The municipalities that export the most are Boa Vista, Bonfim, Caracaraí, Mucajaí and Rorainópolis.<sup id="cite_ref-:16_62-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:16-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:17_63-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:17-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg/220px-Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg/330px-Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg/440px-Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandeira_de_Roraima" class="extiw" title="pt:Bandeira de Roraima">Flag of Roraima</a>, a state symbol</figcaption></figure> <p>Roraima is a state of Brazil governed by three powers, the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Power" title="Executive Power">executive</a>, represented by the <a href="/wiki/Governor" title="Governor">governor</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislative</a>, represented by the Legislative Assembly of the State of Roraima, and the <a href="/wiki/Judiciary" title="Judiciary">judiciary</a>, represented by the Court of Justice of the State of Roraima and other courts and judges. Popular participation in government decisions through <a href="/wiki/Referendum" title="Referendum">referendums</a> is also allowed. The current constitution of the state of Roraima was enacted on December 31, 1991, in addition to the changes resulting from subsequent <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_amendment" title="Constitutional amendment">constitutional amendments</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pal%C3%A1cio_Senador_H%C3%A9lio_Campos_em_Boa_Vista_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Pal%C3%A1cio_Senador_H%C3%A9lio_Campos_em_Boa_Vista_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Pal%C3%A1cio_Senador_H%C3%A9lio_Campos_em_Boa_Vista_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Pal%C3%A1cio_Senador_H%C3%A9lio_Campos_em_Boa_Vista_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Pal%C3%A1cio_Senador_H%C3%A9lio_Campos_em_Boa_Vista_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Pal%C3%A1cio_Senador_H%C3%A9lio_Campos_em_Boa_Vista_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Pal%C3%A1cio_Senador_H%C3%A9lio_Campos_em_Boa_Vista_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1243" data-file-height="845" /></a><figcaption>Senador Hélio Campos Palace, the seat of the state government.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Roraima <a href="/wiki/Executive_branch" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive branch">Executive Branch</a> is centered on the state governor,<sup id="cite_ref-:19_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who is elected by <a href="/wiki/Universal_suffrage" title="Universal suffrage">universal suffrage</a> and direct and secret vote, by the population for terms of up to four years in duration, and can be reelected for another term. The Senador Hélio Campos Palace is the seat of the Roraima government since 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Legislative_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative power">Legislative Power</a> of Roraima is <a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">unicameral</a>, constituted by the Legislative Assembly of the State of Roraima. It consists of 24 <a href="/wiki/Deputy_(legislator)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy (legislator)">deputies</a>, who are elected every 4 years. In the <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Brazil" title="National Congress of Brazil">National Congress</a>, the representation of Roraima is made up of 3 senators and 8 federal deputies.<sup id="cite_ref-:19_65-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highest court of the Roraima Judiciary is the Court of Justice of the State of Roraima. The judiciary is made up of judges and judges of law.<sup id="cite_ref-:19_65-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:19-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When it comes to political representation organizations, <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Brazil" title="List of political parties in Brazil">34 of the 35 Brazilian political parties</a> have representation in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-:20_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:20-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to information released by the <a href="/wiki/Superior_Electoral_Court" title="Superior Electoral Court">Superior Electoral Court</a> (TSE), based on data from April 2016, the political party with the largest number of affiliates in Roraima is the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Republican_Party_(Brazil)" title="Progressive Republican Party (Brazil)">Progressive Republican Party</a> (PRP), with 6,732 members, followed by the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Social_Democracy_Party" title="Brazilian Social Democracy Party">Social Democracy Party</a> (PSDB), with 5,356 members and the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Labour_Party_(Brazil)" title="Democratic Labour Party (Brazil)">Democratic Labor Party</a> (PDT), with 5,087 members. Other political parties in the state, by number of members, are the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Party_(Brazil)" class="mw-redirect" title="Progressive Party (Brazil)">Progressive Party</a> (PP), with 4,521 members; and the <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Brazil)" title="Workers' Party (Brazil)">Workers' Party</a> (PTB), with 3,406 members. Also according to the Superior Electoral Court, the <a href="/wiki/Sustainability_Network" title="Sustainability Network">Sustainability Network</a> (REDE) and the <a href="/wiki/United_Socialist_Workers%27_Party" title="United Socialist Workers' Party">Unified Socialist Workers Party</a> (PSTU) are the least representative political parties in Roraima, with 21 and 24 members, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-:20_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:20-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/New_Party_(Brazil)" title="New Party (Brazil)">New Party</a> (NOVO) is the only Brazilian party that has no representation in Roraima.<sup id="cite_ref-:20_68-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:20-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subdivisions">Subdivisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Subdivisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Roraima" title="List of municipalities in Roraima">List of municipalities in Roraima</a></div> <p>Roraima is politically divided into <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Roraima" title="List of municipalities in Roraima">15 municipalities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most populous of them is <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a>, with 419,652 inhabitants,<sup id="cite_ref-:18_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:18-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> being the oldest municipality in the state, emerged as a village, the first with urban characteristics in Roraima.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The municipalities are distributed in four immediate geographical regions, which in turn are grouped into two intermediate geographical regions, according to the division of the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Institute_of_Geography_and_Statistics" title="Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics">Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics</a> (IBGE) in force since 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airways">Airways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Airways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gate_de_embarque_do_Aeroporto_Internacional_de_Boa_Vista_em_julho_de_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Gate_de_embarque_do_Aeroporto_Internacional_de_Boa_Vista_em_julho_de_2018.jpg/220px-Gate_de_embarque_do_Aeroporto_Internacional_de_Boa_Vista_em_julho_de_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Gate_de_embarque_do_Aeroporto_Internacional_de_Boa_Vista_em_julho_de_2018.jpg/330px-Gate_de_embarque_do_Aeroporto_Internacional_de_Boa_Vista_em_julho_de_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Gate_de_embarque_do_Aeroporto_Internacional_de_Boa_Vista_em_julho_de_2018.jpg/440px-Gate_de_embarque_do_Aeroporto_Internacional_de_Boa_Vista_em_julho_de_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3881" data-file-height="2911" /></a><figcaption>Boarding gate of Boa Vista International Airport.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the state, there is only one <a href="/wiki/International_airport" title="International airport">international airport</a> managed by <a href="/wiki/Infraero" title="Infraero">Infraero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista_International_Airport" title="Boa Vista International Airport">Boa Vista International Airport - Atlas Brasil Cantanhede</a>, located in the state capital.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2009, the airport in the state capital handled 190,469 passengers and 931,248 <a href="/wiki/Air_cargo" title="Air cargo">air cargo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The state also has 7 other state-class and smaller airports: Auaris Airport, in <a href="/wiki/Amajari" title="Amajari">Amajari</a>; Mucajaí Airport, in <a href="/wiki/Mucaja%C3%AD" title="Mucajaí">Mucajaí</a>; Pacaraima Airport, in <a href="/wiki/Pacaraima" title="Pacaraima">Pacaraima</a>; Surucucu, Uaicas and Surucucus Airport, in <a href="/wiki/Alto_Alegre,_Roraima" title="Alto Alegre, Roraima">Alto Alegre</a>, the latter located inside the <a href="/wiki/Yanomami_Indigenous_Territory" title="Yanomami Indigenous Territory">Yanomami Indigenous Territory</a>; and Caracaraí Airport, in <a href="/wiki/Caracara%C3%AD" title="Caracaraí">Caracaraí</a>. These airports are of municipal and state administration.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Air transport is the fastest to regulate in Roraima, being in better conditions than the others. The cities, districts and towns of the inland of Roraima are served, in most cases, by transport from <a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a>. That said, it is the most isolated federative unit in Brazil.<sup id="cite_ref-:25_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:25-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is no <a href="/wiki/Rail_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail network">rail network</a> in the state.<sup id="cite_ref-:25_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:25-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Highways">Highways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Highways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mapa_Rodovi%C3%A1rio_RR_-_detalhado.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Mapa_Rodovi%C3%A1rio_RR_-_detalhado.png/220px-Mapa_Rodovi%C3%A1rio_RR_-_detalhado.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Mapa_Rodovi%C3%A1rio_RR_-_detalhado.png/330px-Mapa_Rodovi%C3%A1rio_RR_-_detalhado.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Mapa_Rodovi%C3%A1rio_RR_-_detalhado.png/440px-Mapa_Rodovi%C3%A1rio_RR_-_detalhado.png 2x" data-file-width="665" data-file-height="733" /></a><figcaption>Road map of Roraima.</figcaption></figure> <p>The only Brazilian state that has a road connection with Roraima is <a href="/wiki/Amazonas_(Brazilian_state)" title="Amazonas (Brazilian state)">Amazonas</a>, through the <a href="/wiki/BR-174" class="mw-redirect" title="BR-174">BR-174</a>, which connects the municipalities in the South to the municipalities in the North of the state, and is also responsible for connecting Brazil to <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>. The BR-174 is 992 kilometres (600 mi) long and crosses the territory of the state from south to north, crossing the <a href="/wiki/Branco_River" title="Branco River">Branco River</a> at the height of Caracaraí through the Caracaraí Bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-:25_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:25-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:27_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:27-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is also the <a href="/wiki/BR-210" class="mw-redirect" title="BR-210">BR-210</a>, also called Perimetral Norte, a project originating in the mid-twentieth century, from the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_Brazil" title="Federal government of Brazil">Federal Government</a>, which had been carried out only partially and which, in principle, would link the state to <a href="/wiki/Par%C3%A1" title="Pará">Pará</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amap%C3%A1" title="Amapá">Amapá</a> and the municipality of <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Gabriel_da_Cachoeira" title="São Gabriel da Cachoeira">São Gabriel da Cachoeira</a> (in Amazonas). This highway is 481 kilometres (300 mi) long and crosses the state in an east–west direction. Another highway in Roraima that crosses Brazil is the <a href="/wiki/BR-401" class="mw-redirect" title="BR-401">BR-401</a>, connecting the state with <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>. It starts in Boa Vista and crosses the Branco River through the Macuxis' Bridge, entering the Guyanese territory. Other federal highways are BR-431, BR-432 and BR-433. Federal roads in Roraima add up to 1,638 kilometres (1,000 mi).<sup id="cite_ref-:25_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:25-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:27_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:27-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are state highways as well, including the RR-205 (which connects the capital to the headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Alto_Alegre,_Roraima" title="Alto Alegre, Roraima">Alto Alegre</a>) and the RR-203 (connecting the headquarters and districts of Amajari to the BR-174), both of which are fully paved, signposted, and with good traffic conditions. Other important highways are the RR-325 and the RR-319, which cut through important agricultural areas and colonies of rural settlements. State highways add up to just over 2,000 kilometres (1,200 mi) in length and are largely in conditions of improper use.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:27_76-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:27-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Waterways">Waterways</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Waterways"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ponte_dos_Macuxis,_Boa_Vista.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ponte_dos_Macuxis%2C_Boa_Vista.jpg/220px-Ponte_dos_Macuxis%2C_Boa_Vista.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ponte_dos_Macuxis%2C_Boa_Vista.jpg/330px-Ponte_dos_Macuxis%2C_Boa_Vista.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Ponte_dos_Macuxis%2C_Boa_Vista.jpg/440px-Ponte_dos_Macuxis%2C_Boa_Vista.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3604" data-file-height="2594" /></a><figcaption>The Macuxis' Bridge crossing the Branco River.</figcaption></figure> <p>River transport is also notable in the state, as well as in other states in the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_rainforest" title="Amazon rainforest">Amazon rainforest</a>. However, river navigation is limited to the <a href="/wiki/Branco_River" title="Branco River">Branco River</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Transportation on the Branco River is heavily used for the economy, but with little passenger movement to inland cities. Regular navigation on this river occurs only in the mouth section (Negro River/Caracaraí), about 440 kilometres (300 mi) long. In this segment, the Branco River has a maximum draft of 5 metres in the period of floods and a minimum of 0.7 metres in the period of drought. Roraima is at a disadvantage in relation to the other Amazonian states in terms of waterway system. As it is the only one in which all its notorious rivers have their source in their own territory – the state's hydrographic system is 100% Roraiman –, it is bound to have few river outlets. In fact, Roraima has only one major fluvial outlet: through the Branco river, reaching the Negro river, heading from there to <a href="/wiki/Manaus" title="Manaus">Manaus</a> and <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Gabriel_da_Cachoeira" title="São Gabriel da Cachoeira">São Gabriel da Cachoeira</a>. Even so, the most important river in Roraima still poses additional difficulties.<sup id="cite_ref-:27_76-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:27-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Roraima has great tourism potential, especially in <a href="/wiki/Ecotourism" title="Ecotourism">ecotourism</a>. Because it is located in the extreme north of Brazil, in the northern part of this country and because it borders on three South American countries, Roraima maintains close commercial relations based on tourism with these countries, especially <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>. Natural attractions are the main tourist points of the state, especially <a href="/wiki/Mount_Roraima" title="Mount Roraima">Mount Roraima</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mount Roraima is one of the oldest places on the planet and attracts many tourists from all over the world.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pedra_pintada_frente.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Pedra_pintada_frente.jpg/220px-Pedra_pintada_frente.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Pedra_pintada_frente.jpg/330px-Pedra_pintada_frente.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Pedra_pintada_frente.jpg/440px-Pedra_pintada_frente.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Pedra Pintada is a rock formation considered an archaeological site.</figcaption></figure> <p>Archaeologists have a strong interest in <a href="/wiki/Pedra_Pintada,_Roraima" title="Pedra Pintada, Roraima">Pedra Pintada</a>, which is the most important site of <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">archaeology</a> in the state. In it, there are inscriptions of ancient civilizations, such as rock paintings, pieces of ceramics, hatchets, necklace beads, among other artifacts that indicate the history of human evolution, dating back to four thousand years. The rock is a granite monolith sixty metres in diameter and about 40 metres high. On the outer face, there are red rock paintings that are still considered an enigma for scientists. There are also funerary caves up to 12 meters long. Pedra Pintada is located in <a href="/wiki/Pacaraima" title="Pacaraima">Pacaraima</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Serra do Tepequém is also a state tourist attraction. It has a rich handicraft in <a href="/wiki/Soapstone" title="Soapstone">soapstone</a> and its area is free to explore diamonds. The place serves as a trekking practice, to the Paiva, Sobral, Barata and Funil waterfalls. The plateau is the culmination of the entire mountain, where the <a href="/wiki/Mountain_range" title="Mountain range">mountain range</a> that delimits the <a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Venezuela_border" title="Brazil–Venezuela border">borders between Brazil and Venezuela</a> begins. It has an average altitude of 1,500 metres and is located in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Amajari" title="Amajari">Amajari</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another tourist spot in the state is <a href="/wiki/Monte_Cabura%C3%AD" title="Monte Caburaí">Mount Caburaí</a>. Geographers have proven that it is located 70 km north of <a href="/wiki/Oiapoque" title="Oiapoque">Oiapoque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amap%C3%A1" title="Amapá">Amapá</a>, which makes the mountain the northernmost point in Brazil, having been recognized by the official institutions responsible for geographic territorial demarcations, such as the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_(Brazil)" title="Ministry of Education (Brazil)">Ministry of Education</a> and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE).<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also noteworthy is <a href="/wiki/Lake_Caracaran%C3%A3" title="Lake Caracaranã">Lake Caracaranã</a>, in the municipality of <a href="/wiki/Normandia,_Roraima" title="Normandia, Roraima">Normandia</a>. With almost 6 kilometres of <a href="/wiki/Perimeter" title="Perimeter">perimeter</a>, it is known for its fine sand beaches surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Cashew_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Cashew tree">cashew trees</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BM_mia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/BM_mia.jpg/220px-BM_mia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/BM_mia.jpg/330px-BM_mia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/BM_mia.jpg/440px-BM_mia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1125" data-file-height="1399" /></a><figcaption>Miss Roraima 2013 - <a href="/wiki/Bianca_Matte" title="Bianca Matte">Bianca Matte</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bianca_Matte" title="Bianca Matte">Bianca Matte</a> (b. 1990), Beauty Queen<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thiago_Maia" title="Thiago Maia">Thiago Maia</a> (b. 1997), professional footballer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucas_Barbosa_(martial_artist)" title="Lucas Barbosa (martial artist)">Lucas Barbosa</a> (b. 1992), mixed martial artist, World Champion.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Silva_(footballer,_born_1995)" title="Arthur Silva (footballer, born 1995)">Arthur Silva</a> (b. 1995), footballer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luiz_Altamir_Melo" title="Luiz Altamir Melo">Luiz Altamir Melo</a> (b. 1996), swimmer, World Champion, former World Record holder.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Roraima" title="List of municipalities in Roraima">List of municipalities in Roraima</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/cities-and-states/rr.html">"Roraima | Cities and States | IBGE"</a>. <i>www.ibge.gov.br</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ibge.gov.br&rft.atitle=Roraima+%7C+Cities+and+States+%7C+IBGE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibge.gov.br%2Fen%2Fcities-and-states%2Frr.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-census2022-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-census2022_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-census2022_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://censo2022.ibge.gov.br/panorama/">"2022 Census Overview"</a> (in Portuguese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2022+Census+Overview&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcenso2022.ibge.gov.br%2Fpanorama%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bge-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bge_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/economic/national-accounts/19567-gross-domestic-product-of-municipalities.html">"PIB por Unidade da Federação, 2021"</a>. <i>ibge.gov.br</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ibge.gov.br&rft.atitle=PIB+por+Unidade+da+Federa%C3%A7%C3%A3o%2C+2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibge.gov.br%2Fen%2Fstatistics%2Feconomic%2Fnational-accounts%2F19567-gross-domestic-product-of-municipalities.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atlasbrasil.org.br/ranking">"Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil. Pnud Brasil, Ipea e FJP, 2022"</a>. <i>www.atlasbrasil.org.br</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Buscalaw<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Governo+do+Estado+de+Roraima&rft.pub=Buscalaw&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.buscalaw.com%2Fdetail%2F4186%2Fgoverno-do-estado-de-roraima.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.votebrasil.com/noticia/politica/numero-de-deputados-pode-aumentar-nas-proximas-eleicoes">"Número de deputados pode aumentar nas próximas eleições"</a>. Vote Brasil<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.tse.jus.br&rft.atitle=Estat%C3%ADsticas+do+eleitorado+%E2%80%93+Eleitores+filiados&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tse.jus.br%2Feleitor%2Festatisticas-de-eleitorado%2Ffiliados&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071028113632/http://www.brasilrepublica.com/roraima.htm">"Estado de Roraima - Brasil"</a>. 28 October 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brasilrepublica.com/roraima.htm">the original</a> on 28 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estado+de+Roraima+-+Brasil&rft.date=2007-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brasilrepublica.com%2Froraima.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cidadebrasileira.brasilescola.com/roraima/historia-boa-vista.htm">"História de Boa Vista"</a>. Brasil Escola<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Movimento+Operacional&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infraero.gov.br%2Findex.php%2Fbr%2Faeroportos%2Froraima%2Faeroporto-internacional-de-boa-vista%2Fmovimento-operacional.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emsampa.com.br/warrr.htm">"Aeroportos no Estado de Roraima - Aeroportos públicos homologados pela ANAC em Roraima"</a>. <i>www.emsampa.com.br</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.emsampa.com.br&rft.atitle=Aeroportos+no+Estado+de+Roraima+-+Aeroportos+p%C3%BAblicos+homologados+pela+ANAC+em+Roraima&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.emsampa.com.br%2Fwarrr.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:27-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:27_76-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:27_76-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:27_76-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:27_76-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110707070519/http://www.roraima.8m.com/eet.html">"Roraima - Características Físicas e Humanas --> [Estradas e Transportes]"</a>. 7 July 2011. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Munic%C3%ADpios+de+Roraima&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roraima-brasil.com.br%2Fpt%2Froraima%2Fmunicipios%2Falto_alegre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brasilchannel.com.br/estados/index.asp?nome=Roraima&area=quadro-natural">"Roraima (RR) - BrasilChannel.com.br"</a>. <i>www.brasilchannel.com.br</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Secretaria de Planejamento e Desenvolvimento de Roraima (SEPLAN).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Serra+do+Tepequ%C3%A9m&rft.pub=Secretaria+de+Planejamento+e+Desenvolvimento+de+Roraima+%28SEPLAN%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turismo.rr.gov.br%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D19%26Itemid%3D31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turismo.rr.gov.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=20&Itemid=34">"Monte Caburaí"</a>. Secretaria de Planejamento e Desenvolvimento de Roraima (SEPLAN)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Monte+Cabura%C3%AD&rft.pub=Secretaria+de+Planejamento+e+Desenvolvimento+de+Roraima+%28SEPLAN%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.turismo.rr.gov.br%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dview%26id%3D20%26Itemid%3D34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2023">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRR2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">RR, Emily CostaDo G1 (10 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2014/04/em-rr-lago-caracarana-ficara-aberto-visitacao-neste-fim-de-semana.html">"Em RR, lago Caracaranã ficará aberto à visitação neste fim de semana"</a>. <i>Roraima</i> (in Brazilian Portuguese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roraima&rft.atitle=Em+RR%2C+lago+Caracaran%C3%A3+ficar%C3%A1+aberto+%C3%A0+visita%C3%A7%C3%A3o+neste+fim+de+semana&rft.date=2014-04-10&rft.aulast=RR&rft.aufirst=Emily+CostaDo+G1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Frr%2Froraima%2Fnoticia%2F2014%2F04%2Fem-rr-lago-caracarana-ficara-aberto-visitacao-neste-fim-de-semana.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRR2013" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">RR, Neidiana OliveiraDo G1 (1 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://g1.globo.com/rr/roraima/noticia/2013/09/conheca-bianca-matte-bela-que-representara-rr-no-miss-brasil-2013.html">"Conheça Bianca Matte, bela que representará RR no Miss Brasil 2013"</a>. <i>Roraima</i> (in Brazilian Portuguese).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roraima&rft.atitle=Conhe%C3%A7a+Bianca+Matte%2C+bela+que+representar%C3%A1+RR+no+Miss+Brasil+2013&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.aulast=RR&rft.aufirst=Neidiana+OliveiraDo+G1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fg1.globo.com%2Frr%2Froraima%2Fnoticia%2F2013%2F09%2Fconheca-bianca-matte-bela-que-representara-rr-no-miss-brasil-2013.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoraima" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roraima&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Roraima</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Roraima" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Roraima">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Roraima_(state)" class="extiw" title="c:Roraima (state)">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Special:Search/Roraima" class="extiw" title="n:Special:Search/Roraima">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Roraima" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Roraima">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Roraima" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Roraima">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Roraima" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Roraima">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Roraima" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Roraima">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Roraima" class="extiw" title="voy:Roraima">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(in Portuguese)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060830214538/http://www.rr.gov.br/">Official Website</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in English)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lagransabana.travel/es/la-gran-sabana/roraima-y-santa-elena/site/gb/home/index.php">Brazilian Tourism Portal</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Municipalities of Roraima"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23px_Municipalities_of_Roraima" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg/23px-Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg/35px-Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg/46px-Bandeira_de_Roraima.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1400" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Roraima" title="List of municipalities in Roraima">Municipalities of Roraima</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Capital: <b><a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Boa Vista</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alto_Alegre,_Roraima" title="Alto Alegre, Roraima">Alto Alegre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amajari" title="Amajari">Amajari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boa_Vista,_Roraima" title="Boa Vista, Roraima">Boa Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacaraima" title="Pacaraima">Pacaraima</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brazil_State_Roraima.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Brazil_State_Roraima.svg/130px-Brazil_State_Roraima.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Brazil_State_Roraima.svg/195px-Brazil_State_Roraima.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Brazil_State_Roraima.svg/260px-Brazil_State_Roraima.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="702" data-file-height="687" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nordeste de Roraima</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonfim,_Roraima" title="Bonfim, Roraima">Bonfim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cant%C3%A1" title="Cantá">Cantá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normandia,_Roraima" title="Normandia, Roraima">Normandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uiramut%C3%A3" title="Uiramutã">Uiramutã</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caracarai</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caracara%C3%AD" title="Caracaraí">Caracaraí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iracema,_Roraima" title="Iracema, Roraima">Iracema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucaja%C3%AD" title="Mucajaí">Mucajaí</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sudeste de Roraima</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caroebe" title="Caroebe">Caroebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rorain%C3%B3polis" title="Rorainópolis">Rorainópolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Jo%C3%A3o_da_Baliza" title="São João da Baliza">São João da Baliza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Luiz,_Roraima" title="São Luiz, Roraima">São Luiz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regions_and_states_of_Brazil" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:States_of_Brazil" title="Template:States of Brazil"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:States_of_Brazil" title="Template talk:States of Brazil"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central-West_Region,_Brazil" title="Central-West Region, Brazil">Center-West</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_District_(Brazil)" title="Federal District (Brazil)">Distrito Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goi%C3%A1s" title="Goiás">Goiás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mato_Grosso" title="Mato Grosso">Mato Grosso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mato_Grosso_do_Sul" title="Mato Grosso do Sul">Mato Grosso do Sul</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Region,_Brazil" title="Southeast Region, Brazil">Southeast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%ADrito_Santo" title="Espírito Santo">Espírito Santo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minas_Gerais" title="Minas Gerais">Minas Gerais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro_(state)" title="Rio de Janeiro (state)">Rio de Janeiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_(state)" title="São Paulo (state)">São Paulo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/South_Region,_Brazil" title="South Region, Brazil">South</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paran%C3%A1_(state)" title="Paraná (state)">Paraná</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_do_Sul" title="Rio Grande do Sul">Rio Grande do Sul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Catarina_(state)" title="Santa Catarina (state)">Santa Catarina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Region,_Brazil" title="Northeast Region, Brazil">Northeast</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alagoas" title="Alagoas">Alagoas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahia" title="Bahia">Bahia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cear%C3%A1" title="Ceará">Ceará</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maranh%C3%A3o" title="Maranhão">Maranhão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Para%C3%ADba" title="Paraíba">Paraíba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pernambuco" title="Pernambuco">Pernambuco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piau%C3%AD" title="Piauí">Piauí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_do_Norte" title="Rio Grande do Norte">Rio Grande do Norte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergipe" title="Sergipe">Sergipe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Region,_Brazil" title="North Region, Brazil">North</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acre_(state)" title="Acre (state)">Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amap%C3%A1" title="Amapá">Amapá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_(Brazilian_state)" title="Amazonas (Brazilian state)">Amazonas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Par%C3%A1" title="Pará">Pará</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rond%C3%B4nia" title="Rondônia">Rondônia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roraima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tocantins" title="Tocantins">Tocantins</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Brazil" title="List of islands of Brazil">Notable archipelagos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_de_Noronha" title="Fernando de Noronha">Fernando de Noronha</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pernambuco" title="Pernambuco">PE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocas_Atoll" title="Rocas Atoll">Rocas Atoll</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_do_Norte" title="Rio Grande do Norte">RN</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_and_Saint_Paul_Archipelago" title="Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago">Saint Peter and Saint Paul</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pernambuco" title="Pernambuco">PE</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trindade_and_Martim_Vaz" title="Trindade and Martim Vaz">Trindade and Martim Vaz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Esp%C3%ADrito_Santo" title="Espírito Santo">ES</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brazil_socio-geographic_division" title="Brazil socio-geographic division">Socio-geographic divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amaz%C3%B4nia_Legal" title="Amazônia Legal">Amazônia Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centro-Sul" title="Centro-Sul">Centro-Sul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordeste_(socio-geographic_division)" title="Nordeste (socio-geographic division)">Nordeste</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_federative_units_of_Brazil" title="Proposed federative units of Brazil">Proposed federative units</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Brazil_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Brazil_topics" title="Template:Brazil topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Brazil_topics" title="Template talk:Brazil topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Brazil_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Brazil topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Brazil_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Brazil" title="Outline of Brazil">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Brazil" title="History of Brazil">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Brazilian_history" title="Timeline of Brazilian history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Brazil" title="Indigenous peoples in Brazil">Indigenous peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_history_in_Brazil" title="LGBTQ history in Brazil">LGBTQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_history_in_Brazil" title="Transgender history in Brazil">T</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Brazil" title="Colonial Brazil">Colonial Brazil (1500–1815)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Portugal,_Brazil_and_the_Algarves" title="United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves">United Kingdom (1815–1822)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Brazil" title="Empire of Brazil">Empire (1822–1889)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Brazilian_Republic" title="First Brazilian Republic">First (Old) Republic (1889–1930)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vargas_Era" title="Vargas Era">Vargas Era (1930–1946)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Brazilian_Republic" title="Fourth Brazilian Republic">Fourth Republic (1946–1964)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship_in_Brazil" title="Military dictatorship in Brazil">Military dictatorship (1964–1985)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Brazil_(1985%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Brazil (1985–present)">Sixth (New) Republic (1985–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Brazil" title="Geography of Brazil">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_basin" title="Amazon basin">Amazon basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Antarctica" title="Brazilian Antarctica">Brazilian Antarctica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Brazil" title="Climate of Brazil">Climate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Brazil" title="Climate change in Brazil">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coastline_of_Brazil" title="Coastline of Brazil">Coastline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Brazil" title="Environment of Brazil">Environment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Brazil" title="Environmental issues in Brazil">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_Brazil" title="List of extreme points of Brazil">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Brazil" title="Geology of Brazil">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Brazil" title="List of islands of Brazil">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Brazil_by_population" title="List of cities in Brazil by population">Largest cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Brazil" title="List of mountains in Brazil">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantanal" title="Pantanal">Pantanal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Brazil" title="Protected areas of Brazil">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Brazil" title="Regions of Brazil">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Brazil" title="List of rivers of Brazil">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Brazil" title="Time in Brazil">Time Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_resources_management_in_Brazil" title="Water resources management in Brazil">Water resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Brazil" title="Wildlife of Brazil">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Brazil" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Brazil">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Brazil" title="Politics of Brazil">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Brazil" title="Subdivisions of Brazil">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Brazil" title="Constitution of Brazil">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Brazil" title="Elections in Brazil">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Brazil" title="Foreign relations of Brazil">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_Brazil" title="Federal government of Brazil">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Brazil" title="Human rights in Brazil">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech_in_Brazil" title="Freedom of speech in Brazil">Freedom of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_rights_in_Brazil" title="LGBTQ rights in Brazil">LGBTQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transgender_rights_in_Brazil" title="Transgender rights in Brazil">T</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights_in_Brazil" title="Women's rights in Brazil">Women's rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Brazil" title="Judiciary of Brazil">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Brazil" title="Law of Brazil">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Brazil" title="Law enforcement in Brazil">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Armed_Forces" title="Brazilian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Brazil" title="National Congress of Brazil">National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Brazil" title="List of political parties in Brazil">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Brazil" title="President of Brazil">President of the Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Brazil" title="Economy of Brazil">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Brazil" title="Agriculture in Brazil">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_husbandry_in_Brazil" title="Animal husbandry in Brazil">Animal husbandry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Brazil" title="Automotive industry in Brazil">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Brazil" title="Central Bank of Brazil">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Brazil" title="Economic history of Brazil">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Brazil" title="Energy in Brazil">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_exports_of_Brazil" title="List of exports of Brazil">Exports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industry_in_Brazil" title="Industry in Brazil">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Brazil" title="Mining in Brazil">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_real" title="Brazilian real">Real <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Brazil" title="Science and technology in Brazil">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndice_Bovespa" title="Índice Bovespa">Stock index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Brazil" title="Taxation in Brazil">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Brazil" title="Telecommunications in Brazil">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Brazil" title="Tourism in Brazil">Tourism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Brazil" title="Transport in Brazil">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Brazil" title="Rail transport in Brazil">Rail transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Brazil" title="Category:Society of Brazil">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Brazil" title="Abortion in Brazil">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Brazil" title="Censorship in Brazil">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Brazil" title="Corruption in Brazil">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Brazil" title="Crime in Brazil">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Brazil" title="Demographics of Brazil">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Brazil" title="Education in Brazil">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Brazil" title="Health in Brazil">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Brazil" title="Immigration to Brazil">Immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_inequality_in_Brazil" title="Income inequality in Brazil">Income inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Brazil" title="Languages of Brazil">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_states_by_life_expectancy" title="List of Brazilian states by life expectancy">Life expectancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilians" title="Brazilians">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_issues_in_Brazil" title="Social issues in Brazil">Social issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_federative_units_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Brazilian federative units by Human Development Index">States by HDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_Brazil" title="Unemployment in Brazil">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Brazil" title="Water supply and sanitation in Brazil">Water supply and sanitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolsa_Fam%C3%ADlia" title="Bolsa Família">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youth_in_Brazil" title="Youth in Brazil">Youth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Brazil" title="Culture of Brazil">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Brazilian_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Brazilian animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archaeology_in_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeology in Brazil">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_art" title="Brazilian art">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Carnival" title="Brazilian Carnival">Carnaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Brazil" title="Cinema of Brazil">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_comics" title="Brazilian comics">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_cuisine" title="Brazilian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_people_in_Brazil" title="LGBTQ people in Brazil">LGBTQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_literature" title="Brazilian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malandragem" title="Malandragem">Malandragem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Brazil" title="Music of Brazil">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_mythology" title="Brazilian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Brazil" title="National symbols of Brazil">National symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Brazil" title="List of newspapers in Brazil">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_painting" title="Brazilian painting">Painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Brazil" title="Public holidays in Brazil">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_sculpture" title="Brazilian sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_science_fiction" title="Brazilian science fiction">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Brazil" title="Sport in Brazil">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Brazil" title="Television in Brazil">Television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Brazil" title="Religion in Brazil">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Brazil" title="Freedom of religion in Brazil">Freedom of religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_in_Brazil" title="Baháʼí Faith in Brazil">Baháʼí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Brazil" title="Buddhism in Brazil">Buddhism</a></li> <li>Christianity <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Brazil" title="Catholic Church in Brazil">Catholicism</a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Catholic_Apostolic_Exarchate_of_Latin_America_and_Mexico" title="Armenian Catholic Apostolic Exarchate of Latin America and Mexico">Armenian Catholic</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Maronite_Catholic_Eparchy_of_Our_Lady_of_Lebanon_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Our Lady of Lebanon of São Paulo">Maronite</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Melkite_Greek_Catholic_Eparchy_of_Nossa_Senhora_do_Para%C3%ADso_em_S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="Melkite Greek Catholic Eparchy of Nossa Senhora do Paraíso em São Paulo">Melkite</a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Catholic_Archeparchy_of_S%C3%A3o_Jo%C3%A3o_Batista_em_Curitiba" title="Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of São João Batista em Curitiba">Ukrainian Catholic</a></small></li></ul></li> <li>Eastern Orthodoxy <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Antiochian_Orthodox_Archdiocese_of_S%C3%A3o_Paulo_and_All_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese of São Paulo and All Brazil">Antiochian</a></small></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Brazil" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Brazil">LDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestantism_in_Brazil" title="Protestantism in Brazil">Protestantism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Brazil" title="Islam in Brazil">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Brazil" title="Hinduism in Brazil">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Brazil" title="History of the Jews in Brazil">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Syncretic_Religions" title="Brazilian Syncretic Religions">Syncretic Religions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Candombl%C3%A9" title="Candomblé">Candomblé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quimbanda" title="Quimbanda">Quimbanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbanda" title="Umbanda">Umbanda</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Brazil" title="Outline of Brazil">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Brazil" title="Outline of Brazil">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Brazil" title="Category:Brazil">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Brazil" title="Portal:Brazil">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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