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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.25em; background:lightblue;">Ol Onal script<br /><div style="font-weight:normal"><span title="uncoded-language text"><span lang="mis">𞗘𞗪𞗢𞗑𞗜𞗥𞗰</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-top:0.4em;padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bhumij_in_Ol_Onal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bhumij_in_Ol_Onal.svg/220px-Bhumij_in_Ol_Onal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bhumij_in_Ol_Onal.svg/330px-Bhumij_in_Ol_Onal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bhumij_in_Ol_Onal.svg/440px-Bhumij_in_Ol_Onal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="68" data-file-height="12" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;">Bhumij written in <i>Ol Onal</i> script</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Script type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">Alphabet</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Creator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahendra_Nath_Sardar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahendra Nath Sardar (page does not exist)">Mahendra Nath Sardar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Time period</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1981 to current</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Direction</th><td class="infobox-data">Left to Right</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> (<a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bhumij_language" title="Bhumij language">Bhumij language</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Related scripts</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Sister systems</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Santali_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Santali script">Santali script</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mundari_Bani" title="Mundari Bani">Mundari Bani</a><br />Others: <a href="/wiki/Odia_script" title="Odia script">Odia script</a>, <a href="/wiki/Devnagari_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Devnagari script">Devnagari script</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengali_Script" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali Script">Bengali Script</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">ISO 15924</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_15924" title="ISO 15924">ISO 15924</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">Onao</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734"><span class="monospaced">(296)</span>, Ol Onal</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Unicode alias</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Ol Onal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Unicode_range" class="mw-redirect" title="Unicode range">Unicode range</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1E5D0.pdf">U+1E5D0–U+1E5FF</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:left;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Bhumij language often considered as a dialect of <a href="/wiki/Mundari_language" title="Mundari language">Mundari language</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="text-align:left; background:#eee;"><span style="font-size:90%"> This article contains <b><a href="/wiki/Phonetic_transcription" title="Phonetic transcription">phonetic transcriptions</a> in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> (IPA)</b>. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>. For the distinction between <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ ]</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ /</span> and ⟨<span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA" lang="und-Latn-fonipa"> </span>⟩, see <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet#Brackets_and_transcription_delimiters" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters</a>.</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ol-onal.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Ol-onal.gif/300px-Ol-onal.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="589" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Ol-onal.gif/450px-Ol-onal.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Ol-onal.gif/600px-Ol-onal.gif 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="1218" /></a><figcaption>The Ol Onal and Galang Onal scripts, with their transcriptions.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Ol Onal</b>, also known as also known as <b>Bhumij Lipi</b> or <b>Bhumij Onal</b>, is an <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabetic</a> writing system for the <a href="/wiki/Bhumij_language" title="Bhumij language">Bhumij language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ol Onal script was created between 1981 and 1992 by <i>Ol Guru</i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mahendra_Nath_Sardar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mahendra Nath Sardar (page does not exist)">Mahendra Nath Sardar</a>. Ol Onal script is used to write the Bhumij language in some parts of <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orissa" class="mw-redirect" title="Orissa">Orissa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Language">Language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ol_Onal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bhumij_language" title="Bhumij language">Bhumij language</a></div> <p>Bhumij is a language of the North <a href="/wiki/Munda_languages" title="Munda languages">Munda group</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Austroasiatic_languages" title="Austroasiatic languages">Austroasiatic languages</a>, spoken mainly in the Indian states of <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a> and <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>. It is spoken by around 100,000 people in India.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The language is closely related to <a href="/wiki/Mundari_language" title="Mundari language">Mundari</a> (mutually intelligible with it but with many dialectal differences), <a href="/wiki/Ho_language" title="Ho language">Ho</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Santali_language" title="Santali language">Santali</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ol_Onal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bhumij_people" title="Bhumij people">Bhumij community</a> had no written language, and knowledge was transmitted orally from one generation to another. Later researchers started to use <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengali_(script)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali (script)">Bengali</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Odia_script" title="Odia script">Odia</a> scripts to document the Bhumij language. However, Bhumijs did not have their own script. </p><p>The Ol Onal script was created in between 1981 and 1992 by Mahendra Nath Sardar for writing Bhumij in India. It was initially designed by Sardar as a bicameral script, where the lowercase letters were known as <i>Galang Onal</i>, however only the capital letters called <i>Ol Onal</i> have been used for teaching and printed books. Sardar wrote many text books in the script (using only <i>Ol Onal</i> capital letters), but there's no known record of Sardar's <i>Galang Onal</i> lowercase letters (which are very different from the taught capitals) ever being used in publications, except in the script author's personal design manuscripts, with various tried variants that Sardar did not promote for wide use in the Bhumij community. </p> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ol_Onal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ol Onal is written from left to right and behaves as a regular alphabet, and not like the typical abugidas used for other Indic scripts: the 6 basic vowels and 24 basic consonants are simply written as standalone letters, and the consonants do not have any inherent vowel. So there's no vowel killer (or halant) and no need to form complex clusters or to contextually change the letter forms in ligatures for initial or grouped vowels, and final or grouped consonants. (The <a href="/wiki/Ol_Chiki" class="mw-redirect" title="Ol Chiki">Ol Chiki</a> alphabet has a similar structure). </p><p>There are three additional signs (referred to as <i>ṭiḍaḥ</i>): the nasalisation sign <i>mu</i> (or <i>mun arang</i> [˜], a dot diacritic used above vowel letters), the lengthening sign <i>ikir</i> (or <i>ikir arang</i> [ː], a dot diacritic used only below the vowel letter <i>a</i> [ɔ], where it can occur simultaneously with the nasalisation sign <i>mu</i>), and <i>hoddond</i> (a special sign occurring only after the consonant letters <i>ab</i> [b] and <i>uj</i> [ʤ] to indicate glottalisation [ɒ]). </p><p>The script also includes ten decimal digits, and an additional abbreviation sign (a small ring above the baseline, at the middle height of letters and digits). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unicode">Unicode</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ol_Onal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Unicode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ol_Onal_(Unicode_block)" title="Ol Onal (Unicode block)">Ol Onal (Unicode block)</a></div> <p>Ol Onal was added to the <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> Standard in September, 2024 with the release of version 16.0. </p><p>The Unicode block for Ol Onal is U+1E5D0–U+1E5FF: </p> <table class="wikitable nounderlines" style="border-collapse:collapse;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:inherit;font-size:large;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"><b><a href="/wiki/Ol_Onal_(Unicode_block)" title="Ol Onal (Unicode block)">Ol Onal</a></b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_U1E5D0_as_of_Unicode_version"><a href="#endnote_U1E5D0_as_of_Unicode_version">[1]</a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_U1E5D0_grey"><a href="#endnote_U1E5D0_grey">[2]</a></sup><br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1E5D0.pdf">Official Unicode Consortium code chart</a> (PDF) </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small"> <td style="width:45pt"> </td> <td style="width:20pt">0</td> <td style="width:20pt">1</td> <td style="width:20pt">2</td> <td style="width:20pt">3</td> <td style="width:20pt">4</td> <td style="width:20pt">5</td> <td style="width:20pt">6</td> <td style="width:20pt">7</td> <td style="width:20pt">8</td> <td style="width:20pt">9</td> <td style="width:20pt">A</td> <td style="width:20pt">B</td> <td style="width:20pt">C</td> <td style="width:20pt">D</td> <td style="width:20pt">E</td> <td style="width:20pt">F </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+1E5Dx </td> <td title="U+1E5D0: OL ONAL LETTER O">𞗐 </td> <td title="U+1E5D1: OL ONAL LETTER OM">𞗑 </td> <td title="U+1E5D2: OL ONAL LETTER ONG">𞗒 </td> <td title="U+1E5D3: OL ONAL LETTER ORR">𞗓 </td> <td title="U+1E5D4: OL ONAL LETTER OO">𞗔 </td> <td title="U+1E5D5: OL ONAL LETTER OY">𞗕 </td> <td title="U+1E5D6: OL ONAL LETTER A">𞗖 </td> <td title="U+1E5D7: OL ONAL LETTER AD">𞗗 </td> <td title="U+1E5D8: OL ONAL LETTER AB">𞗘 </td> <td title="U+1E5D9: OL ONAL LETTER AH">𞗙 </td> <td title="U+1E5DA: OL ONAL LETTER AL">𞗚 </td> <td title="U+1E5DB: OL ONAL LETTER AW">𞗛 </td> <td title="U+1E5DC: OL ONAL LETTER I">𞗜 </td> <td title="U+1E5DD: OL ONAL LETTER IT">𞗝 </td> <td title="U+1E5DE: OL ONAL LETTER IP">𞗞 </td> <td title="U+1E5DF: OL ONAL LETTER ITT">𞗟 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+1E5Ex </td> <td title="U+1E5E0: OL ONAL LETTER ID">𞗠 </td> <td title="U+1E5E1: OL ONAL LETTER IN">𞗡 </td> <td title="U+1E5E2: OL ONAL LETTER U">𞗢 </td> <td title="U+1E5E3: OL ONAL LETTER UK">𞗣 </td> <td title="U+1E5E4: OL ONAL LETTER UDD">𞗤 </td> <td title="U+1E5E5: OL ONAL LETTER UJ">𞗥 </td> <td title="U+1E5E6: OL ONAL LETTER UNY">𞗦 </td> <td title="U+1E5E7: OL ONAL LETTER UR">𞗧 </td> <td title="U+1E5E8: OL ONAL LETTER E">𞗨 </td> <td title="U+1E5E9: OL ONAL LETTER ES">𞗩 </td> <td title="U+1E5EA: OL ONAL LETTER EH">𞗪 </td> <td title="U+1E5EB: OL ONAL LETTER EC">𞗫 </td> <td title="U+1E5EC: OL ONAL LETTER ENN">𞗬 </td> <td title="U+1E5ED: OL ONAL LETTER EG">𞗭 </td> <td title="U+1E5EE: OL ONAL SIGN MU">𞗮 </td> <td title="U+1E5EF: OL ONAL SIGN IKIR">𞗯 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small">U+1E5Fx </td> <td title="U+1E5F0: OL ONAL SIGN HODDOND">𞗰 </td> <td title="U+1E5F1: OL ONAL DIGIT ZERO">𞗱 </td> <td title="U+1E5F2: OL ONAL DIGIT ONE">𞗲 </td> <td title="U+1E5F3: OL ONAL DIGIT TWO">𞗳 </td> <td title="U+1E5F4: OL ONAL DIGIT THREE">𞗴 </td> <td title="U+1E5F5: OL ONAL DIGIT FOUR">𞗵 </td> <td title="U+1E5F6: OL ONAL DIGIT FIVE">𞗶 </td> <td title="U+1E5F7: OL ONAL DIGIT SIX">𞗷 </td> <td title="U+1E5F8: OL ONAL DIGIT SEVEN">𞗸 </td> <td title="U+1E5F9: OL ONAL DIGIT EIGHT">𞗹 </td> <td title="U+1E5FA: OL ONAL DIGIT NINE">𞗺 </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="Reserved" style="background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1);color:inherit;"> </td> <td title="U+1E5FF: OL ONAL ABBREVIATION SIGN">𞗿 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="17" style="background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:inherit;font-size:small;text-align:left"><b>Notes</b> <dl><dd>1.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_U1E5D0_as_of_Unicode_version"><b><a href="#ref_U1E5D0_as_of_Unicode_version">^</a></b></span> As of Unicode version 16.0</dd> <dd>2.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_U1E5D0_grey"><b><a href="#ref_U1E5D0_grey">^</a></b></span> Grey areas indicate non-assigned code points</dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ol_Onal&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhumij_people" title="Bhumij people">Bhumij</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumij_language" title="Bhumij language">Bhumij language</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ol_Onal&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omniglot.com/writing/olonal.htm">"Ol Onal"</a>. <i>Omniglot</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Omniglot&rft.atitle=Ol+Onal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fomniglot.com%2Fwriting%2Folonal.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOl+Onal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tdil-dc.in/index.php?option=com_usefullink&controller=usefullink&task=allinkDisplay&cid%5b0%5d=17&lang=en">"Non-Scheduled Indian Languages Resources"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Non-Scheduled+Indian+Languages+Resources&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftdil-dc.in%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_usefullink%26controller%3Dusefullink%26task%3DallinkDisplay%26cid%5B0%5D%3D17%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOl+Onal" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (September 2021)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/bhubaneswar/tribals-demand-official-status-for-bhumij-language/articleshow/51437043.cms">"Tribals demand official status for Bhumij language"</a>. <i>Times of India</i>. 17 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Tribals+demand+official+status+for+Bhumij+language&rft.date=2016-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fbhubaneswar%2Ftribals-demand-official-status-for-bhumij-language%2Farticleshow%2F51437043.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOl+Onal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/core-spec/chapter-13/#G746334">"Unicode 16.0.0 Core Specs, Chapter 13, section 13.11 Ol Onal"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unicode+16.0.0+Core+Specs%2C+Chapter+13%2C+section+13.11+Ol+Onal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2Fversions%2FUnicode16.0.0%2Fcore-spec%2Fchapter-13%2F%23G746334&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOl+Onal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omniglot.com/writing/bhumij.htm">"Bhumij language and alphabet"</a>. <i>omniglot.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-04-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=omniglot.com&rft.atitle=Bhumij+language+and+alphabet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fomniglot.com%2Fwriting%2Fbhumij.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOl+Onal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ol_Onal&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://omniglot.com/writing/olonal.htm">The Ol Onal Alphabet at Omniglot</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2022/22151r-ol-onal-script.pdf">Unicode proposal to encode the Ol Onal script</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Quill_and_ink.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/30px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/45px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/60px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="152" data-file-height="152" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">This <a href="/wiki/Writing_system" title="Writing system">writing system</a>–related article is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">stub</a>. 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