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href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B6%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%81%D8%AE%D8%B0%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86" title="عضلة فخذية ذات رأسين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عضلة فخذية ذات رأسين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piga-piga" title="Piga-piga – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Piga-piga" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAscul_b%C3%ADceps_crural" title="Múscul bíceps crural – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Múscul bíceps crural" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvojhlav%C3%BD_sval_stehenn%C3%AD" title="Dvojhlavý sval stehenní – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dvojhlavý sval stehenní" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musculus_biceps_femoris" title="Musculus biceps femoris – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Musculus biceps femoris" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsculo_b%C3%ADceps_femoral" title="Músculo bíceps femoral – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Músculo bíceps femoral" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizeps_muskulu_femoral" title="Bizeps muskulu femoral – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bizeps muskulu femoral" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%DA%86%D9%87_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B1_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ماهیچه دوسر رانی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماهیچه دوسر رانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_biceps_f%C3%A9moral" title="Muscle biceps fémoral – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Muscle biceps fémoral" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsculo_b%C3%ADceps_da_coxa" title="Músculo bíceps da coxa – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Músculo bíceps da coxa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%84%99%EB%8B%A4%EB%A6%AC%EB%91%90%EA%B0%88%EB%9E%98%EA%B7%BC" title="넙다리두갈래근 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="넙다리두갈래근" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvoglavi_bedreni_mi%C5%A1i%C4%87" title="Dvoglavi bedreni mišić – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Dvoglavi bedreni mišić" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscolo_bicipite_femorale" title="Muscolo bicipite femorale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Muscolo bicipite femorale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%9A_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%95-%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99" title="שריר הירך הדו-ראשי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שריר הירך הדו-ראשי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AB%E1%83%90%E1%83%A7%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ბარძაყის ბიცეფსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბარძაყის ბიცეფსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musculus_biceps_femoris" title="Musculus biceps femoris – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Musculus biceps femoris" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musculus_biceps_femoris" title="Musculus biceps femoris – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Musculus biceps femoris" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%85%BF%E4%BA%8C%E9%A0%AD%E7%AD%8B" title="大腿二頭筋 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="大腿二頭筋" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C4%99sie%C5%84_dwug%C5%82owy_uda" title="Mięsień dwugłowy uda – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mięsień dwugłowy uda" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BAsculo_b%C3%ADceps_da_coxa" title="Músculo bíceps da coxa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Músculo bíceps da coxa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biceps_femural" title="Biceps femural – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biceps femural" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%88%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Двуглавая мышца бедра – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Двуглавая мышца бедра" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dvoglava_stegenska_mi%C5%A1ica" title="Dvoglava stegenska mišica – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Dvoglava stegenska mišica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%9B" title="Двоглави бутни мишић – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Двоглави бутни мишић" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaksip%C3%A4inen_reisilihas" title="Kaksipäinen reisilihas – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kaksipäinen reisilihas" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biceps_femoris" title="Biceps femoris – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Biceps femoris" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daga-dagaan_(sa_binti)" title="Daga-dagaan (sa binti) – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Daga-dagaan (sa binti)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%27%D1%8F%D0%B7_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Двоголовий м'яз стегна – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Двоголовий м'яз стегна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%82%A1%E4%BA%8C%E9%A0%AD%E8%82%8C" title="股二頭肌 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="股二頭肌" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q601016#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Biceps_brachii" class="mw-redirect" title="Biceps brachii">Biceps brachii</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:antiquewhite">Biceps femoris</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Grays_anatomy_1918_plate_434_biceps_femoris_muscle_both_heads_marked.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Grays_anatomy_1918_plate_434_biceps_femoris_muscle_both_heads_marked.png/250px-Grays_anatomy_1918_plate_434_biceps_femoris_muscle_both_heads_marked.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="679" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/85/Grays_anatomy_1918_plate_434_biceps_femoris_muscle_both_heads_marked.png 1.5x" data-file-width="368" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Posterior view of right leg. Long head of muscle highlighted in red, short head (yellow) labeled in the lower part of the image</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_muscle#Insertion_and_origin" title="Anatomical terms of muscle">Origin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tuberosity_of_the_ischium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuberosity of the ischium">Tuberosity of the ischium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linea_aspera" title="Linea aspera">linea aspera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Femur" title="Femur">femur</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_muscle#Insertion_and_origin" title="Anatomical terms of muscle">Insertion</a></th><td class="infobox-data">The <a href="/wiki/Head_of_fibula" class="mw-redirect" title="Head of fibula">head of the fibula</a> which articulates with the back of the <a href="/wiki/Lateral_condyle_of_tibia" title="Lateral condyle of tibia">lateral tibial condyle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Artery" title="Artery">Artery</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Deep_femoral_artery" title="Deep femoral artery">Deep femoral artery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Perforating_arteries" title="Perforating arteries">perforating arteries</a>; long head of biceps femoris: perforating branches from profunda femoris artery</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nerve" title="Nerve">Nerve</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Long head: <a href="/wiki/Tibial_nerve" title="Tibial nerve">tibial nerve</a><br />short head: <a href="/wiki/Common_fibular_nerve" title="Common fibular nerve">common fibular nerve</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_motion" title="Anatomical terms of motion">Actions</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Flexion" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexion">Flexes</a> <a href="/wiki/Knee" title="Knee">knee joint</a>, <a href="/wiki/External_rotation" class="mw-redirect" title="External rotation">laterally rotates</a> knee joint (when knee is flexed), <a href="/wiki/Extension_(kinesiology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Extension (kinesiology)">extends</a> <a href="/wiki/Hip" title="Hip">hip joint</a> (long head only)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Antagonist_(muscle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Antagonist (muscle)">Antagonist</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Quadriceps_femoris_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadriceps femoris muscle">Quadriceps muscle</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>musculus biceps femoris</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/04.7.02.032%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A04.7.02.032</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=2638">2638</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma22356">22356</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_muscle" title="Anatomical terms of muscle">Anatomical terms of muscle</a><div style="text-align: right;"><small class="noprint">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q601016" class="extiw" title="d:Q601016">edit on Wikidata</a>]</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>biceps femoris</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ər/: 'er' in 'letter'">ər</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>) is a muscle of the <a href="/wiki/Thigh" title="Thigh">thigh</a> located to the posterior, or back. As its name implies, it consists of two heads; the long head is considered part of the <a href="/wiki/Hamstring" title="Hamstring">hamstring</a> muscle group, while the short head is sometimes excluded from this characterization, as it only causes knee flexion (but not hip extension)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is activated by a separate nerve (the <a href="/wiki/Peroneal_nerve" class="mw-redirect" title="Peroneal nerve">peroneal</a>, as opposed to the <a href="/wiki/Tibial_nerve" title="Tibial nerve">tibial</a> branch of the <a href="/wiki/Sciatic_nerve" title="Sciatic nerve">sciatic nerve</a>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It has two heads of origin: </p> <ul><li>the <i>long head</i> arises from the lower and inner impression on the posterior part of the <a href="/wiki/Tuberosity_of_the_ischium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuberosity of the ischium">tuberosity of the ischium</a>. This is a common tendon origin with the <a href="/wiki/Semitendinosus_muscle" title="Semitendinosus muscle">semitendinosus muscle</a>, and from the lower part of the <a href="/wiki/Sacrotuberous_ligament" title="Sacrotuberous ligament">sacrotuberous ligament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray's_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>the <i>short head</i>, arises from the lateral lip of the <a href="/wiki/Linea_aspera" title="Linea aspera">linea aspera</a>, between the <a href="/wiki/Adductor_magnus_muscle" title="Adductor magnus muscle">adductor magnus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vastus_lateralis_muscle" title="Vastus lateralis muscle">vastus lateralis</a> extending up almost as high as the insertion of the <a href="/wiki/Gluteus_maximus_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Gluteus maximus muscle">gluteus maximus</a>, from the lateral prolongation of the linea aspera to within 5 cm. of the <a href="/wiki/Lateral_condyle_of_femur" title="Lateral condyle of femur">lateral condyle</a>; and from the <a href="/wiki/Lateral_intermuscular_septum_of_thigh" title="Lateral intermuscular septum of thigh">lateral intermuscular septum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray's_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The two muscle heads joint together distally and unite in an intricate fashion. The fibers of the long head form a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fusiform" class="extiw" title="wikt:fusiform">fusiform</a> belly, which passes obliquely downward and lateralward across the <a href="/wiki/Sciatic_nerve" title="Sciatic nerve">sciatic nerve</a> to end in an <a href="/wiki/Aponeurosis" title="Aponeurosis">aponeurosis</a> which covers the posterior surface of the muscle and receives the fibers of the short head. Inferiorly, the aponeurosis condenses to form a tendon which predominantly inserts onto the lateral side of the head of the <a href="/wiki/Fibula" title="Fibula">fibula</a>. There is a second small insertional attachment by a small tendon slip into the lateral condyle of the <a href="/wiki/Tibia" title="Tibia">tibia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray's_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At its insertion the tendon divides into two portions, which embrace the <a href="/wiki/Fibular_collateral_ligament" title="Fibular collateral ligament">fibular collateral ligament</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Knee" title="Knee">knee-joint</a>. Together, this joining of tendons is commonly referred to as the <i>conjoined tendon</i> of the knee.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray's_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the posterior border of the tendon a thin expansion is given off to the <a href="/wiki/Deep_fascia_of_leg" title="Deep fascia of leg">fascia of the leg</a>. The tendon of insertion of this muscle forms the lateral hamstring; the <a href="/wiki/Common_fibular_nerve" title="Common fibular nerve">common fibular (peroneal) nerve</a> descends along its medial border.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray's_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Variations">Variations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The short head may be absent; additional heads may arise from the <a href="/wiki/Tuberosity_of_the_ischium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuberosity of the ischium">ischial tuberosity</a>, the linea aspera, the <a href="/wiki/Medial_supracondylar_ridge" title="Medial supracondylar ridge">medial supracondylar ridge</a> of the femur, or from various other parts.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray's_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tendon of insertion may be attached to the <a href="/wiki/Iliotibial_band" class="mw-redirect" title="Iliotibial band">Iliotibial band</a> and to retinacular fibers of the <a href="/wiki/Articular_capsule_of_the_knee_joint" title="Articular capsule of the knee joint">lateral joint capsule</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A slip may pass to the <a href="/wiki/Gastrocnemius_muscle" title="Gastrocnemius muscle">gastrocnemius</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gray's_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gray's-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Innervation">Innervation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Innervation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is a <a href="/wiki/Composite_muscle" title="Composite muscle">composite muscle</a> as the short head of the biceps femoris develops in the <a href="/wiki/Posterior_compartment_of_thigh" title="Posterior compartment of thigh">flexor compartment of the thigh</a> and is thus innervated by <a href="/wiki/Common_fibular_nerve" title="Common fibular nerve">common fibular branch</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Sciatic_nerve" title="Sciatic nerve">sciatic nerve</a> (L5, S1), while the long head is innervated by the <a href="/wiki/Tibial_nerve" title="Tibial nerve">tibial branch</a> of the sciatic nerve (L5, S1).<sup id="cite_ref-GPnotebook_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GPnotebook-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Blood_supply">Blood supply</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Blood supply"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The muscle's vascular supply is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Anastomosis" title="Anastomosis">anastomoses</a> of several arteries: the <a href="/wiki/Perforating_arteries" title="Perforating arteries">perforating branches</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Profunda_femoris_artery" class="mw-redirect" title="Profunda femoris artery">profunda femoris artery</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Inferior_gluteal_artery" title="Inferior gluteal artery">inferior gluteal artery</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Popliteal_artery" title="Popliteal artery">popliteal artery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GPnotebook_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GPnotebook-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Function">Function</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Function"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both heads of the biceps femoris perform knee flexion.<sup id="cite_ref-Layola_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Layola-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the long head originates in the pelvis it is involved in hip extension.<sup id="cite_ref-Layola_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Layola-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The long head of the biceps femoris is a weaker knee flexor when the hip is extended (because of <a href="/wiki/Active_insufficiency" class="mw-redirect" title="Active insufficiency">active insufficiency</a>). For the same reason the long head is a weaker hip extender when the knee is flexed. </p><p>When the knee is semi-flexed, the biceps femoris in consequence of its oblique direction rotates the leg slightly outward. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Biceps_femoris_tendon_avulsion" class="mw-redirect" title="Biceps femoris tendon avulsion">Avulsion of the biceps femoris tendon</a> is common in sports that require explosive bending of the knee as seen in <a href="/wiki/Sprint_(running)" title="Sprint (running)">sprinting</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article uses <a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terminology" title="Anatomical terminology">anatomical terminology</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Additional_images">Additional images</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Additional images"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray235.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Right hip bone. External surface."><img alt="Right hip bone. External surface." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray235.png/104px-Gray235.png" decoding="async" width="104" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray235.png/157px-Gray235.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray235.png/209px-Gray235.png 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="911" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Right hip bone. External surface.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray258.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Bones of the right leg. Anterior surface."><img alt="Bones of the right leg. Anterior surface." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gray258.png/41px-Gray258.png" decoding="async" width="41" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gray258.png/62px-Gray258.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Gray258.png/83px-Gray258.png 2x" data-file-width="346" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bones of the right leg. Anterior surface.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Thigh_cross_section.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cross-section through the middle of the thigh."><img alt="Cross-section through the middle of the thigh." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Thigh_cross_section.svg/120px-Thigh_cross_section.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Thigh_cross_section.svg/180px-Thigh_cross_section.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Thigh_cross_section.svg/240px-Thigh_cross_section.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="590" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cross-section through the middle of the thigh.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray1240.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Muscles of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions."><img alt="Muscles of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Gray1240.png/73px-Gray1240.png" decoding="async" width="73" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Gray1240.png/110px-Gray1240.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Gray1240.png/147px-Gray1240.png 2x" data-file-width="307" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Muscles of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray551.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The popliteal, posterior tibial, and peroneal arteries."><img alt="The popliteal, posterior tibial, and peroneal arteries." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Gray551.png/36px-Gray551.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Gray551.png/55px-Gray551.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Gray551.png/73px-Gray551.png 2x" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The popliteal, posterior tibial, and peroneal arteries.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray832.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Nerves of the right lower extremity Posterior view."><img alt="Nerves of the right lower extremity Posterior view." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Gray832.png/41px-Gray832.png" decoding="async" width="41" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Gray832.png/62px-Gray832.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Gray832.png/82px-Gray832.png 2x" data-file-width="344" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nerves of the right lower extremity Posterior view.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray1239.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Back of left lower extremity."><img alt="Back of left lower extremity." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray1239.png/47px-Gray1239.png" decoding="async" width="47" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray1239.png/71px-Gray1239.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Gray1239.png/95px-Gray1239.png 2x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Back of left lower extremity.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slide1i.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Biceps femoris"><img alt="Biceps femoris" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Slide1i.JPG/120px-Slide1i.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Slide1i.JPG/180px-Slide1i.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Slide1i.JPG/240px-Slide1i.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Biceps femoris</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> <i>This article incorporates text in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/anatomyofhumanbo1918gray#page/478/mode/2up">page 478</a> of the 20th edition of</i> <a href="/wiki/Gray%27s_Anatomy" title="Gray's Anatomy">Gray's Anatomy</a> <i>(1918)</i> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRodgersRaja" class="citation book cs1">Rodgers, Cooper D.; Raja, Avais. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230225173034/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546688/"><i>StatPearls - Anatomy, Bony Pelvis and Lower Limb, Hamstring Muscle</i></a>. StatPearls Publishing. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546688/">the original</a> on 25 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=StatPearls+-+Anatomy%2C+Bony+Pelvis+and+Lower+Limb%2C+Hamstring+Muscle&rft.pub=StatPearls+Publishing&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=Cooper+D.&rft.au=Raja%2C+Avais&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fbooks%2FNBK546688%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiceps+femoris+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gray's-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gray's_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray's_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray's_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray's_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray's_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray's_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gray's_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091222220916/http://education.yahoo.com/reference/gray/subjects/subject/128#p478">"Gray's Anatomy"</a>. 1918. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://education.yahoo.com/reference/gray/subjects/subject/128#p478">the original</a> on 2009-12-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gray%27s+Anatomy&rft.date=1918&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feducation.yahoo.com%2Freference%2Fgray%2Fsubjects%2Fsubject%2F128%23p478&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiceps+femoris+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmithiusRubin2005" class="citation web cs1">Smithius, Robin; Rubin, David (August 2, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiologyassistant.nl/en/p42764e8fe927e/knee-non-meniscal-pathology.html">"Knee - Non-Meniscal pathology"</a>. <i>The Radiology Assistant</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Radiology+Assistant&rft.atitle=Knee+-+Non-Meniscal+pathology&rft.date=2005-08-02&rft.aulast=Smithius&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.au=Rubin%2C+David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radiologyassistant.nl%2Fen%2Fp42764e8fe927e%2Fknee-non-meniscal-pathology.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiceps+femoris+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Adult Knee, vol. 1</i>, ed. Callaghan, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uIPR7eEwD7cC&dq=the%20two%20heads%20of%20the%20biceps%20femoris&pg=PA70">p. 70</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GPnotebook-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GPnotebook_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GPnotebook_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gpnotebook.co.uk/simplepage.cfm?ID=-865402803">"biceps femoris muscle (anatomy)"</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/GPnotebook" title="GPnotebook">GPnotebook</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=biceps+femoris+muscle+%28anatomy%29&rft.pub=GPnotebook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gpnotebook.co.uk%2Fsimplepage.cfm%3FID%3D-865402803&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiceps+femoris+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Layola-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Layola_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Layola_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.meddean.luc.edu/lumen/MedEd/GrossAnatomy/dissector/mml/bfem.htm">Origin, insertion and nerve supply of the muscle</a> at Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKumakura,_Hiroo1989" class="citation journal cs1">Kumakura, Hiroo (July 1989). "Functional analysis of the biceps femoris muscle during locomotor behavior in some primates". <i>American Journal of Physical Anthropology</i>. <b>79</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">379–</span>391. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fajpa.1330790314">10.1002/ajpa.1330790314</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2504047">2504047</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Physical+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Functional+analysis+of+the+biceps+femoris+muscle+during+locomotor+behavior+in+some+primates&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E379-%3C%2Fspan%3E391&rft.date=1989-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fajpa.1330790314&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F2504047&rft.au=Kumakura%2C+Hiroo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiceps+femoris+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarshall,_John_L.Girgis,_Fakhry_G.Zelko,_Russel_R.1972" class="citation journal cs1">Marshall, John L.; Girgis, Fakhry G.; Zelko, Russel R. (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081010211702/http://www.ejbjs.org/cgi/reprint/54/7/1444">"The Biceps Femoris Tendon and Its Functional Significance"</a>. <i>J Bone Joint Surg Am</i>. <b>54</b> (7): <span class="nowrap">1444–</span>1450. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2106%2F00004623-197254070-00006">10.2106/00004623-197254070-00006</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4653628">4653628</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ejbjs.org/cgi/reprint/54/7/1444">the original</a> on 2008-10-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J+Bone+Joint+Surg+Am&rft.atitle=The+Biceps+Femoris+Tendon+and+Its+Functional+Significance&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1444-%3C%2Fspan%3E1450&rft.date=1972&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2106%2F00004623-197254070-00006&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F4653628&rft.au=Marshall%2C+John+L.&rft.au=Girgis%2C+Fakhry+G.&rft.au=Zelko%2C+Russel+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ejbjs.org%2Fcgi%2Freprint%2F54%2F7%2F1444&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiceps+femoris+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSneath,_R._S.1955" class="citation journal cs1">Sneath, R. S. (October 1955). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1244747">"The insertion of the biceps femoris"</a>. <i>J. Anat</i>. <b>89</b> (89(Pt 4)): <span class="nowrap">550–</span>553. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1244747">1244747</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13278305">13278305</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Anat.&rft.atitle=The+insertion+of+the+biceps+femoris&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=89%28Pt+4%29&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E550-%3C%2Fspan%3E553&rft.date=1955-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1244747%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F13278305&rft.au=Sneath%2C+R.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1244747&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABiceps+femoris+muscle" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biceps_femoris_muscle&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rad.washington.edu/academics/academic-sections/msk/muscle-atlas/lower-body/biceps-femoris-long-head">UWash</a> - long head</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rad.washington.edu/academics/academic-sections/msk/muscle-atlas/lower-body/biceps-femoris-short-head">UWash</a> - short head</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ect.downstate.edu/courseware/haonline/labs/l14/060100.htm">Anatomy photo:14:06-0100</a> at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ect.downstate.edu/courseware/haonline/labs/l14/st0402.htm">Anatomy photo:14:st-0402</a> at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Muscles_of_the_lower_limb" title="Template:Muscles of the lower limb"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Muscles_of_the_lower_limb" title="Template talk:Muscles of the lower limb"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Muscles_of_the_lower_limb" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Muscles of the lower limb"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Muscles_of_the_hip_and_human_leg221" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Muscles_of_the_hip" title="Muscles of the hip">Muscles of the hip</a> and <a href="/wiki/Human_leg" title="Human leg">human leg</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ilium_(bone)" title="Ilium (bone)">Iliac region</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iliopsoas" title="Iliopsoas">Iliopsoas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psoas_major_muscle" title="Psoas major muscle">Psoas major</a>/<a href="/wiki/Psoas_minor_muscle" title="Psoas minor muscle">Psoas minor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iliacus_muscle" title="Iliacus muscle">Iliacus</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Buttocks" title="Buttocks">Buttocks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gluteal_muscles" title="Gluteal muscles">Gluteal muscles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gluteus_maximus" title="Gluteus maximus">Maximus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gluteus_medius" title="Gluteus medius">Medius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gluteus_minimus" title="Gluteus minimus">Minimus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tensor_fasciae_latae_muscle" title="Tensor fasciae latae muscle">Tensor fasciae latae</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/wiki/Lateral_rotator_group" title="Lateral rotator group">Lateral rotator group</a>:</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quadratus_femoris_muscle" title="Quadratus femoris muscle">Quadratus femoris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemelli_muscles" title="Gemelli muscles">Inferior gemellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_gemellus_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Superior gemellus muscle">Superior gemellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_obturator_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal obturator muscle">Internal obturator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_obturator_muscle" title="External obturator muscle">External obturator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piriformis_muscle" title="Piriformis muscle">Piriformis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Thigh" title="Thigh">Thigh</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Fascial_compartments_of_thigh" title="Fascial compartments of thigh">compartments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anterior_compartment_of_thigh" title="Anterior compartment of thigh">Anterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sartorius_muscle" title="Sartorius muscle">Sartorius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadriceps_femoris_muscle" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadriceps femoris muscle">Quadriceps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rectus_femoris_muscle" title="Rectus femoris muscle">Rectus femoris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vastus_lateralis_muscle" title="Vastus lateralis muscle">Vastus lateralis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vastus_intermedius_muscle" title="Vastus intermedius muscle">Vastus intermedius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vastus_medialis" title="Vastus medialis">Vastus medialis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Articularis_genus_muscle" title="Articularis genus muscle">Articularis genus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Posterior_compartment_of_thigh" title="Posterior compartment of thigh">Posterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamstring" title="Hamstring">Hamstring</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Biceps femoris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semitendinosus_muscle" title="Semitendinosus muscle">Semitendinosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semimembranosus_muscle" title="Semimembranosus muscle">Semimembranosus</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Medial_compartment_of_thigh" title="Medial compartment of thigh">Medial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pectineus_muscle" title="Pectineus muscle">Pectineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_obturator_muscle" title="External obturator muscle">External obturator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracilis_muscle" title="Gracilis muscle">Gracilis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adductor_muscles_of_the_hip" title="Adductor muscles of the hip">Adductor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adductor_longus_muscle" title="Adductor longus muscle">Longus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adductor_brevis_muscle" title="Adductor brevis muscle">Brevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adductor_magnus_muscle" title="Adductor magnus muscle">Magnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adductor_minimus_muscle" title="Adductor minimus muscle">Minimus</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">Fascia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Femoral_sheath" title="Femoral sheath">Femoral sheath</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Femoral_canal" title="Femoral canal">Femoral canal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Femoral_ring" title="Femoral ring">Femoral ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adductor_canal" title="Adductor canal">Adductor canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adductor_hiatus" title="Adductor hiatus">Adductor hiatus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscular_lacuna" title="Muscular lacuna">Muscular lacuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/wiki/Fascia_lata" title="Fascia lata">Fascia lata</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iliotibial_tract" title="Iliotibial tract">Iliotibial tract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_intermuscular_septum_of_thigh" title="Lateral intermuscular septum of thigh">Lateral intermuscular septum of thigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medial_intermuscular_septum_of_thigh" title="Medial intermuscular septum of thigh">Medial intermuscular septum of thigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cribriform_fascia" title="Cribriform fascia">Cribriform fascia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_leg" title="Human leg">Leg</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Fascial_compartments_of_leg" title="Fascial compartments of leg">compartments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anterior_compartment_of_leg" title="Anterior compartment of leg">Anterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tibialis_anterior_muscle" title="Tibialis anterior muscle">Tibialis anterior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_hallucis_longus_muscle" title="Extensor hallucis longus muscle">Extensor hallucis longus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_digitorum_longus_muscle" title="Extensor digitorum longus muscle">Extensor digitorum longus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibularis_tertius" title="Fibularis tertius">Fibularis (peroneus) tertius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Posterior_compartment_of_leg" title="Posterior compartment of leg">Posterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>Superficial</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triceps_surae_muscle" title="Triceps surae muscle">Triceps surae</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gastrocnemius_muscle" title="Gastrocnemius muscle">Gastrocnemius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soleus_muscle" title="Soleus muscle">Soleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accessory_soleus_muscle" title="Accessory soleus muscle">Accessory soleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles_tendon" title="Achilles tendon">Achilles tendon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantaris_muscle" title="Plantaris muscle">Plantaris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>Deep</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tarsal_tunnel" title="Tarsal tunnel">tarsal tunnel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_hallucis_longus_muscle" title="Flexor hallucis longus muscle">Flexor hallucis longus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_digitorum_longus_muscle" title="Flexor digitorum longus muscle">Flexor digitorum longus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibialis_posterior_muscle" title="Tibialis posterior muscle">Tibialis posterior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popliteus_muscle" title="Popliteus muscle">Popliteus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lateral_compartment_of_leg" title="Lateral compartment of leg">Lateral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fibularis_muscles" title="Fibularis muscles">Fibularis (peroneus) muscles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fibularis_longus" title="Fibularis longus">Longus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibularis_brevis" title="Fibularis brevis">Brevis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">Fascia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pes_anserinus_(leg)" title="Pes anserinus (leg)">Pes anserinus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i><a href="/wiki/Deep_fascia_of_leg" title="Deep fascia of leg">Intermuscular septa</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_intermuscular_septum_of_leg" title="Anterior intermuscular septum of leg">Anterior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_intermuscular_septum_of_leg" title="Posterior intermuscular septum of leg">Posterior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_transverse_fascia" title="Deep transverse fascia">Transverse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foot" title="Foot">Foot</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dorsal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_hallucis_brevis_muscle" title="Extensor hallucis brevis muscle">Extensor hallucis brevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensor_digitorum_brevis_muscle" title="Extensor digitorum brevis muscle">Extensor digitorum brevis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plantar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>1st layer</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abductor_hallucis_muscle" title="Abductor hallucis muscle">Abductor hallucis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_digitorum_brevis_muscle" title="Flexor digitorum brevis muscle">Flexor digitorum brevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abductor_digiti_minimi_muscle_of_foot" title="Abductor digiti minimi muscle of foot">Abductor digiti minimi</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>2nd layer</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quadratus_plantae_muscle" title="Quadratus plantae muscle">Quadratus plantae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbricals_of_the_foot" title="Lumbricals of the foot">Lumbrical muscle</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>3rd layer</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_hallucis_brevis_muscle" title="Flexor hallucis brevis muscle">Flexor hallucis brevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adductor_hallucis_muscle" title="Adductor hallucis muscle">Adductor hallucis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexor_digiti_minimi_brevis_muscle_(foot)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexor digiti minimi brevis muscle (foot)">Flexor digiti minimi brevis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>4th layer</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_interossei_of_the_foot" title="Dorsal interossei of the foot">Dorsal interossei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plantar_interossei_muscles" title="Plantar interossei muscles">Plantar interossei</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fascia" title="Fascia">Fascia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plantar_fascia" title="Plantar fascia">Plantar fascia</a></li> <li>retinacula <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peroneal_retinacula" class="mw-redirect" title="Peroneal retinacula">Peroneal</a></li> 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