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furniture design</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: wooden furniture design"> <meta name="keywords" content="wooden furniture design"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="wooden furniture design"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 12610</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: wooden furniture design</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12610</span> Assessing the Mechanical Safety, Durability, Strength, and Stability of Wooden Furniture Produced in Ghana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haruna%20Seidu">Haruna Seidu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20Wilson%20Owusu"> Francis Wilson Owusu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Mensah"> Michael Mensah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felix%20Boakye"> Felix Boakye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=James%20Korang"> James Korang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safia%20Ibrahim"> Safia Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the years, wooden furniture produced in Ghana had no means of testing their products against standards. It was therefore difficult for such furniture producers to know whether their products conform to international standards. The setting up of the ISO 17025 compliant laboratory has become a reference and accessing point for determining the quality of the furniture they produce. The objective of the study includes the determination of mechanical safety, durability, strength, and stability of wooden furniture produced in Ghana. Twelve wooden furniture manufacturers were randomly selected to design furniture (chairs and tables) for testing. 9 out of the 12 produced chairs, and three provided tables. Standard testing methods were used in this experiment, including GS EN 581-1, GS EN 581-2, and GS EN 581-3. The test results analysis indicates 55.6% of the chairs tested passed all applicable tests. 66.7% of tables tested passed all the applicable tests. The percentage pass and failure of the 12 furniture were 58.3% and 41.7% respectively. In conclusion, chair manufacturers had good designs that withstand the standard testing of strength and durability; most failures occurred largely as a result of poor stability designs adopted for the construction of the chairs and tables. It was observed that the manufacturers did not use the software in designing their furniture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20standards" title=" international standards"> international standards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20safety" title=" mechanical safety"> mechanical safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wooden%20furniture%20design" title=" wooden furniture design"> wooden furniture design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136237/assessing-the-mechanical-safety-durability-strength-and-stability-of-wooden-furniture-produced-in-ghana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12609</span> Investigation of Maxi̇mali̇st Approaches on Furni̇ture Desi̇gn</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emi%CC%87ne%20Yuksel">Emi̇ne Yuksel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Murat%20Kili%C3%A7"> Murat Kiliç</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Onur%20%C3%9Clker"> Onur Ülker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although minimalism has been coming into being in the field of interior design for a long time, it also brought a wide range of reaction. The more simple and feeling of emptiness usage of minimalism in space and furniture design has been found extremely boring so far, as a reaction to minimalism, a movement of maximalism was emerged. Thus more extravagant, splendid, magnificent and comfortable design approach was substituted by the greatest, largest and the extreme. Thus, the philosophy of “less is bore” of minimalism was replaced by “less is more” giving rise to a new interpretation in the field of interior design. While maximalism reminded us the Victorian, Rococo, Arts and Crafts and Neoclassic styles in interior design, it drew attention to the furniture designs that covered all areas of space all in one. In this study, we search the effect of maximalist approach which was born as a reaction to minimalism in furniture. Firstly, it is explained how did the maximalism emerge and its philosophy, a literature investigation was scanned and investigated. As a research method, it is concerned with the investigation of studies undertaken by the pioneers of interior space designers and architects. The findings of this study have been evaluated in the conclusion section. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20design" title="furniture design">furniture design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximalism" title=" maximalism"> maximalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimalism" title=" minimalism"> minimalism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=texture" title=" texture"> texture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47034/investigation-of-maximalist-approaches-on-furniture-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47034.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12608</span> Design for Classroom Units: A Collaborative Multicultural Studio Development with Chinese Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20S.%20Caires">C. S. Caires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Barbosa"> A. Barbosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Hanyou"> W. Hanyou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we present the main results achieved during a five-week international workshop on Interactive Furniture for the Classroom, with 22 Chinese design students, in Jiangmen city (Guangdong province, China), and five teachers from Portugal, France, Iran, Macao SAR, and China. The main goal was to engage design students from China with new skills and practice methodologies towards interactive design research for furniture and product design for the classroom. The final results demonstrate students' concerns on improving Chinese furniture design for the classrooms, including solutions related to collaborative learning and human-interaction design for interactive furniture products. The findings of the research led students to the fabrication of five original prototypes: two for kindergartens ('Candy' and 'Tilt-tilt'), two for primary schools ('Closer' and 'Eks(x)'), and one for art/creative schools ('Wave'). From the findings, it was also clear that collaboration, personalization, and project-based teaching are still neglected when designing furniture products for the classroom in China. Students focused on these issues and came up with creative solutions that could transform this educational field in China. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20design" title="product design">product design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20education" title=" collaborative education"> collaborative education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactive%20design" title=" interactive design"> interactive design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20research%20and%20prototyping" title=" design research and prototyping"> design research and prototyping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120448/design-for-classroom-units-a-collaborative-multicultural-studio-development-with-chinese-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120448.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">130</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12607</span> Evaluation of Life Cycle Assessment in Furniture Manufacturing by Analytical Hierarchy Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Azizi">Majid Azizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Payam%20Ghorbannezhad"> Payam Ghorbannezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20Amiri"> Mostafa Amiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Ghofrani"> Mohammad Ghofrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental issues in the furniture industry are of great importance due to the use of natural materials such as wood and chemical substances like adhesives and paints. These issues encompass environmental conservation and managing pollution and waste generated. Improper use of wood resources, along with the use of chemicals and their release, leads to the depletion of natural resources, damage to forests, and the emission of greenhouse gases. Therefore, identifying influential indicators in the life cycle assessment of classic furniture and proposing solutions to reduce environmental impacts becomes crucial. In this study, the life cycle of classic furniture was evaluated using a hierarchical analytical process from cradle to grave. The life cycle assessment was employed to assess the environmental impacts of the furniture industry, ranging from raw material extraction to waste disposal and recycling. The most significant indicators in the furniture industry's production chain were also identified. The results indicated that the wood quality indicator is the most essential factor in the life cycle of classic furniture. Furthermore, the relative contribution of each type of traditional furniture was proposed concerning impact categories in the life cycle assessment. The results showed that among the three proposed types, the design and production of furniture with prefabricated parts had the most negligible impact in categories such as global warming potential and ozone layer depletion compared to furniture design with solid wood and furniture design with recycled components. Among the three suggested types of furniture to reduce environmental impacts, producing furniture with solid wood or other woods was chosen as the most crucial solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle%20assessment" title="life cycle assessment">life cycle assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytic%20hierarchy%20process" title=" analytic hierarchy process"> analytic hierarchy process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20issues" title=" environmental issues"> environmental issues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture" title=" furniture"> furniture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177357/evaluation-of-life-cycle-assessment-in-furniture-manufacturing-by-analytical-hierarchy-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177357.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12606</span> Furniture Embodied Carbon Calculator for Interior Design Projects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javkhlan%20Nyamjav">Javkhlan Nyamjav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simona%20Fischer"> Simona Fischer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lauren%20Garner"> Lauren Garner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Veronica%20McCracken"> Veronica McCracken</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Current whole building life cycle assessments (LCA) primarily focus on structural and major architectural elements to measure building embodied carbon. Most of the interior finishes and fixtures are available on digital tools (such as Tally); however, furniture is still left unaccounted for. Due to its repeated refreshments and its complexity, furniture embodied carbon can accumulate over time, becoming comparable to structure and envelope numbers. This paper presents a method to calculate the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of furniture elements in commercial buildings. The calculator uses the quantity takeoff method with GWP averages gathered from environmental product declarations (EPD). The data was collected from EPD databases and furniture manufacturers from North America to Europe. A total of 48 GWP numbers were collected, with 16 GWP coming from alternative EPD. The finalized calculator shows the average GWP of typical commercial furniture and helps the decision-making process to reduce embodied carbon. The calculator was tested on MSR Design projects and showed furniture can account for more than half of the interior embodied carbon. The calculator highlights the importance of adding furniture to the overall conversation. However, the data collection process showed a) acquiring furniture EPD is not straightforward as other building materials; b) there are very limited furniture EPD, which can be explained from many perspectives, including the EPD price; c) the EPD themselves vary in terms of units, LCA scopes, and timeframes, which makes it hard to compare the products. Even though there are current limitations, the emerging focus on interior embodied carbon will create more demand for furniture EPD. It will allow manufacturers to represent all their efforts on reducing embodied carbon. In addition, the study concludes with recommendations on how designers can reduce furniture-embodied carbon through reuse and closed-loop systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture" title="furniture">furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=embodied%20carbon" title=" embodied carbon"> embodied carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calculator" title=" calculator"> calculator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tenant%20improvement" title=" tenant improvement"> tenant improvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interior%20design" title=" interior design"> interior design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144033/furniture-embodied-carbon-calculator-for-interior-design-projects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">217</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12605</span> Cultural Transformation in Interior Design in Commercial Space in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siddhi%20Pedamkar">Siddhi Pedamkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reenu%20Singh"> Reenu Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This report is based on how a culture transforms from one era to another era in commercial space. This transformation is observed in commercial as well as residential spaces. The spaces have specific color concepts, surface detailing furniture, and function-specific layouts. But the cultural impact is very rarely seen in commercial spaces, mostly because the interior is divine by function to a large extent. Information was collected from books and research papers. A quantitative survey was conducted to understand people's perceptions about the impact of culture on design entities and how culture dictates the different types of space and their character. The survey also highlights the impact of types of interior lighting, colour schemes, and furniture types on the interior environment. The questionnaire survey helped in framing design parameters for contemporary interior design. The design parameters are used to propose design options for new-age furniture that can be used in co-working spaces. For the new and contemporary working spaces, new age design furniture, interior elements such as visual partition, semi-visual partition, lighting, and layout can be transformed by cultural changes in the working style of people and organization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commercial%20space" title="commercial space">commercial space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture" title=" furniture"> furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interior" title=" interior"> interior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156261/cultural-transformation-in-interior-design-in-commercial-space-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12604</span> Flexible Furniture in Urban Open Spaces: A Tool to Achieve Social Sustainability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahsa%20Ghafouri">Mahsa Ghafouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guita%20Farivarsadri"> Guita Farivarsadri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In urban open spaces, furniture plays a crucial role in meeting various needs of the users over time. Furniture consists of elements that not only can facilitate physical needs individually but also fulfill social, psychological, and cultural demands on an urban scale. Creating adjustable urban spaces and using flexible furniture can provide the possibility of using urban spaces for a wide range of uses and activities and allow the engagement of users with distinct abilities and limitations in these activities. Flexibility in urban furniture can be seen as designing a number of modular components that are movable, expandable, adjustable, and changeable to accommodate various functions. Although there is a great amount of research related to flexibility and its distinct insights into achieving spaces that can cope with changing demands, this fundamental issue is often neglected in the design of urban furniture. However, in the long term, to address changing public needs over time, it can be logical to bring this quality into the design process to make spaces that can be sustained for a long time. This study aims to first introduce diverse kinds of flexible furniture that can be designed for urban public spaces and then to realize how this flexible furniture can improve the quality of public open spaces and social interaction and make them more adaptable over time and, as a result, achieve social sustainability. This research is descriptive and is mainly based on an extensive literature review and the analysis and classification of existing examples around the world. This research tends to illustrate various kinds of approaches that can help designers create flexible furniture to enhance the sustainability and quality of urban open spaces and, in this way, act as a guide for urban designers in this respect. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20furniture" title="flexible furniture">flexible furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20design" title=" flexible design"> flexible design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20open%20spaces" title=" urban open spaces"> urban open spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptability" title=" adaptability"> adaptability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moveability" title=" moveability"> moveability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability" title=" social sustainability"> social sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181521/flexible-furniture-in-urban-open-spaces-a-tool-to-achieve-social-sustainability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181521.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">59</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12603</span> The Utilization of Bamboo for Wood Bamboo Composite in Lieu of Materials Furniture: Case Study of Furniture Industry in Jepara Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nurrizka%20Ramadhan">Muhammad Nurrizka Ramadhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today,Demand for wood increase in rapid rate. Wood is widely used for many things range from building materials to furniture materials. This makes the forest area in Indonesia dropped dramatically, it is estimated that the area of Indonesiaan forest in 2020 will be only about 16 million hectares. The more forest in Indonesia loss, people are required to look for another material to subtitute wood for the furniture. Jepara, a city with the largest furniture industry in Indonesia, requires a large supply of wood, it can reach 300.000 – 500.000 cubic meters per year. Most of the furniture in Jepara use teak, mahogany, and rosewood. Though teak wood is a rare species that must be protected. Today the availability of bamboo in Indonesia is very big. With cheap price, and the period of rapid growth makes bamboo can be used as a substitute for wood for the furniture industry in the future. By making use bamboo to make wood bamboo composite to replace the use of wood for furniture material. This paper is about the use of bamboo as a substitute for wood bamboo composite for the furniture industry. Expected in future, wood can be replaced by a wood bamboo composite. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bamboo" title="bamboo">bamboo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite" title=" composite"> composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture" title=" furniture"> furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood" title=" wood"> wood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54368/the-utilization-of-bamboo-for-wood-bamboo-composite-in-lieu-of-materials-furniture-case-study-of-furniture-industry-in-jepara-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12602</span> Urban Furniture: Relationship between Metropolises Environment and Humans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najmehossadat%20Enjoo">Najmehossadat Enjoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Beautification means all mindfully measurements to improve quality of urban environment which makes the city more suitable for its inhabitants' life. Purpose of beautification is to provide an environment in which all citizens take pleasure. Beautification aims at urban environment's quality improvement. In space among buildings and constructions some supplementary elements are required to furnish urban life; equipment like house furniture makes life possible in a space surrounded with stones, concrete, and glass. Such elements regulate the flow of movement, rest, recreation and stress in a city and exhilarate it. Urban furniture is the common term used for such facilities and capabilities. Nowadays, experience and application of urban elements have proved that to what extent using proper equipment and furniture can positively affect the citizens and users of urban environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20servitudes" title="urban servitudes">urban servitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20furniture" title=" urban furniture"> urban furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visage%20of%20city" title=" visage of city "> visage of city </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1775/urban-furniture-relationship-between-metropolises-environment-and-humans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1775.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12601</span> Componential Analysis on Defining Sustainable Furniture in Traditional Malay Houses of Melaka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabilah%20Zainal%20Abidin">Nabilah Zainal Abidin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fawazul%20Khair%20Ibrahim"> Fawazul Khair Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raja%20Nafida%20Raja%20Shahminan"> Raja Nafida Raja Shahminan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses on how componential analysis is used in architecture, mainly in determining the absence and presence of furniture in Traditional Malay Houses. The house samples were retrieved from the reports archived by the Centre of Built Environment in the Malay World (KALAM) of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM). Findings from the analysis indicate that furniture available in the spaces of the houses is determined by the culture of the people and the availability of certain furniture is influenced by the activities that are carried out within the space. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=componential%20analysis" title="componential analysis">componential analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20furniture" title=" sustainable furniture"> sustainable furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20malay%20house" title=" traditional malay house"> traditional malay house</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25305/componential-analysis-on-defining-sustainable-furniture-in-traditional-malay-houses-of-melaka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">592</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12600</span> Strategies to Enhance Export Performance of Thai Furniture Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khomsan%20Laosillapacharoen">Khomsan Laosillapacharoen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper was aimed to analyze the current situation of the furniture industry and embark a plan to enhance the export volume of Thai furniture. This is a qualitative research which utilized meta-analysis and focus group. A total of 24 experts in both government and private sectors were interviewed. The findings revealed that Thai furniture had some advantages of access to raw material, high quality of labors, and have a unique skill. However, the threat included a tendency to have more foreign competitors in domestic market. In addition, the strategies to enhance the level of export included increase the standard quality of Thai furniture, offer new and modern designs, use marketing on the internet, use modern technology, and gain tax incentive from the government. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=export" title="export">export</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture" title=" furniture"> furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategies" title=" strategies"> strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing" title=" marketing "> marketing </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14922/strategies-to-enhance-export-performance-of-thai-furniture-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14922.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12599</span> Research on Emotional Healing Street Furniture under the Background of Urban Micro-Renewal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanhao%20Gao">Tanhao Gao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongtao%20Zhou"> Hongtao Zhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the COVID-19 pandemic spreading worldwide, people are facing more significant mental pressure. The government and social groups are sparing no effort to find ways to heal people's emotions and return to normal life. Therefore, research on emotional healing has urgency and practical significance. From the perspective of urban planning, street furniture has the potential to become "emotional healing touchpoints." This study first analyzed the suitable places for adding emotional healing street furniture in the background of urban micro-renewal and combined the fifteen-minute living circle, the leftover space, and urban acupuncture theories, then used the 5W analysis method to show the main characteristics of emotionally healing street furniture. Finally, the research discovers four design strategies, which can be summarized as: A. Exploring the renewal potential of the leftover space; B. Integrating with local culture and the surrounding environment; C. Discovering quick and straightforward ways of interaction; D. Finding a delicate balance between artistry and functionality. Then, the author takes one emotional healing street furniture located on Chifeng Road as an example to show the design strategies vividly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20healing" title="emotional healing">emotional healing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20furniture" title=" street furniture"> street furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20micro-renewal" title=" urban micro-renewal"> urban micro-renewal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20acupuncture" title=" urban acupuncture"> urban acupuncture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142083/research-on-emotional-healing-street-furniture-under-the-background-of-urban-micro-renewal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12598</span> The Communication Between Visual Aesthetic Criteria of Product with User Experience and Social Sustainability: A Study of Street Furniture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Sadeghi%20Naeini">Hassan Sadeghi Naeini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mozhgan%20Sabzehparvar"> Mozhgan Sabzehparvar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdiye%20Jafarnezhad"> Mahdiye Jafarnezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neda%20Brumandi"> Neda Brumandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Parsa%20Sabzehparvar"> Mohammad Parsa Sabzehparvar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to discover the relationship between the factors of aesthetics, user experience, and social sustainability concerning the design of street furniture and the impact of these factors on the emotional arousal of citizens to encourage and make them prefer to use street furniture. The method used in this research included extracting indicators related to each of the factors of aesthetics, user experience, and social sustainability from the articles and then selecting indicators related to the purpose of the research in consultation with industrial design experts and architects. Finally, 9 variables for aesthetics, 7 variables for user experience, and 5 variables for evaluating social sustainability were selected. To identify the effect of each of these factors on street furniture and to recognize their relationship with each other. A 10-scale prioritization questionnaire, from 1, the least amount of importance, to 10, the most amount of importance, was answered by architects and industrial designers on the “Pors Line” online platform for three consecutive weeks, and a total of 82 people answered the questionnaire. The results showed that by using aesthetic factors in the design of street furniture and having a positive impact on users’ experience of using the product, we could expect the occurrence of behavioral factors, such as creating constructive interaction and product acceptance so that the satisfaction of the user in the use of street furniture and optimal interaction in the urban environment is formed, followed by that, the requirements of social sustainability will be met. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20aesthetic" title="visual aesthetic">visual aesthetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20experience" title=" user experience"> user experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20sustainability" title=" social sustainability"> social sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20furniture" title=" street furniture"> street furniture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157293/the-communication-between-visual-aesthetic-criteria-of-product-with-user-experience-and-social-sustainability-a-study-of-street-furniture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157293.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12597</span> Innovativeness of the Furniture Enterprises in Bulgaria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radostina%20Popova">Radostina Popova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents an analysis of the innovation performance of small and medium-sized furniture enterprises in Bulgaria, accounting for over 97% of the companies in the sector. It contains advanced features of innovation in enterprises, specific features of the furniture industry in Bulgaria and analysis of the results of studies on the topic. The results from studies of three successive periods - 2006-2008; 2008-2010; 2010-2012, during which were studied 594 small and medium-sized furniture enterprises. There are commonly used in the EU definitions and indicators (European Commission, OECD, Oslo Manual), which allows for the comparability of results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20activity" title="innovation activity">innovation activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competitiveness%20of%20innovation" title=" competitiveness of innovation"> competitiveness of innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20enterprises%20in%20Bulgaria" title=" furniture enterprises in Bulgaria"> furniture enterprises in Bulgaria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2544/innovativeness-of-the-furniture-enterprises-in-bulgaria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12596</span> A Study on the Importance and Contributions of Transforming from OEM to ODM in Malaysian Furniture Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Ain%20Haron">Nurul Ain Haron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saiful%20Hazmi%20Bachek"> Saiful Hazmi Bachek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafez%20Zainudin"> Hafez Zainudin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is aimed to establish the importance and contribution of Original Design Manufacturing (ODM) in Malaysian Furniture Industry and to close the gap between the players in the industry. The study confirms that today’s furniture industry favor Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM) basis. Thus, resulting in the local industry lacking the expertise of designing furniture to a state of no contest. This study method used consists of literature reviews, observation, questionnaire and sessions of interviews. The result shows that the public has from minimum to almost no knowledge of the term Original Design Manufacturing (ODM) concept and the impact towards our current future industry. The manufacturers however, prefers Original Equipment Manufacturing (OEM) concept due to its easy and fast investment returns with the need of product designing process, while the interviews carried out with the authorized council had some convincing urges of doing their part promoting the awareness through trainings and seminars. Findings show that, in the rush of archiving ODM status needs extensive cooperation from many parties that are authorized council, furniture manufacturers, designers and also the public perceptions of labeling local made goods as the black goat. The current mind set of OEM manufacturers need to be change for industry’s future. As Malaysia’s living status constantly increases, so will the demands of a better salary. If these current issues are not resolved, OEM international buyers will definitely have to shift to some other lower cost manufacturer like China or Taiwan. When vendors stopped to order, today’s OEM manufacturers will no longer exist in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20manufacturing" title="design manufacturing">design manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20design" title=" furniture design"> furniture design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=original%20design%20manufacturing" title=" original design manufacturing"> original design manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=original%20equipment%20manufacturing" title=" original equipment manufacturing"> original equipment manufacturing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5033/a-study-on-the-importance-and-contributions-of-transforming-from-oem-to-odm-in-malaysian-furniture-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5033.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12595</span> Tutankhamen’s Shrines (Naoses): Scientific Identification of Wood Species and Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Medhat%20Abdallah">Medhat Abdallah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abdrabou"> Ahmed Abdrabou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tutankhamen tomb was discovered on November 1922 by Howard carter, the grave was relatively intact and crammed full of the most beautiful burial items and furniture, the black shrine-shaped boxes on sleds studied here founded in treasury chamber. This study aims to identify the wood species used in making those shrines, illustrate technology of manufacture. Optical Microscope (OM), 3D software and Imaging Processes including; Visible light, Raking light and Visible-induced infrared luminescence were effective in illustrating wooden joints and techniques of manufacture. The results revealed that cedar of Lebanon Cedrus libani and sycamore fig Ficus sycomorus had been used for making the shrines’ boards and sleds while tamarisk Tamarix sp., Turkey Oak Quercus cerris L., and Sidder (nabk) Zizyphus spina christi used for making dowels. The wooden joint of mortise and tenon was used to connect the body of the shrine to the sled, while wooden pegs used to connect roof and cornice to the shrine body. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tutankhamen" title="Tutankhamen">Tutankhamen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood%20species" title=" wood species"> wood species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20microscope" title=" optical microscope"> optical microscope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cedrus%20libani" title=" Cedrus libani"> Cedrus libani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ficus%20sycomorus" title=" Ficus sycomorus"> Ficus sycomorus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58906/tutankhamens-shrines-naoses-scientific-identification-of-wood-species-and-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58906.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12594</span> Congolese Wood in the Antwerp Interwar Interior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Jaenen">M. Jaenen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20de%20Bouw"> M. de Bouw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Verdonck"> A. Verdonck</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Leus"> M. Leus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> During the interwar period artificial materials were often preferred, but many Antwerp architects relied on the application of wood for most of the interior finishing works and furnishings. Archival, literature and on site research of interwar suburban townhouses and the Belgian wood and furniture industry gave a new insight to the application of wood in the interwar interior. Many interwar designers favored the decorative values in all treatments of wood because of its warmth, comfort, good-wearing, and therefore, economic qualities. For the creation of a successful modern interior the texture and surface of the wood becomes as important as the color itself. This aesthetics valuation was the result of the modernization of the wood industry. The development of veneer and plywood gave the possibility to create strong, flat, long and plain wooden surfaces which are capable of retaining their shape. Also the modernization of cutting machines resulted in high quality and diversity in texture of veneer. The flat and plain plywood surfaces were modern decorated with all kinds of veneer-sliced options. In addition, wood species from the former Belgian Colony Congo were imported. Limba (<em>Terminalia superba</em>), kambala (<em>Chlorophora excelsa</em>), mubala (<em>Pentaclethra macrophylla</em>) and sapelli (<em>Entandrophragma cylindricum</em>) were used in the interior of many Antwerp interwar suburban town houses. From the thirties onwards Belgian wood firms established modern manufactures in Congo. There the local wood was dried, cut and prepared for exportation to the harbor of Antwerp. The presence of all kinds of strong and decorative Congolese wood products supported its application in the interwar interior design. The Antwerp architects combined them in their designs for doors, floors, stairs, built-in-furniture, wall paneling and movable furniture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=congo" title=" congo"> congo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture" title=" furniture"> furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interwar" title=" interwar"> interwar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50425/congolese-wood-in-the-antwerp-interwar-interior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50425.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12593</span> Learning in the Virtual Laboratory via Design of Automation Process for Wooden Hammers Marking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Javorova">A. Javorova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Oravcova"> J. Oravcova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Velisek"> K. Velisek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article summarizes the experience of technical subjects teaching methodologies using a number of software products to solve specific assigned tasks described in this paper. Task is about the problems of automation and mechanization in the industry. Specifically, it focuses on introducing automation in the wood industry. The article describes the design of the automation process for marking wooden hammers. Similar problems are solved by students in CA laboratory. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CA%20system" title="CA system">CA system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subject" title=" subject"> subject</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11656/learning-in-the-virtual-laboratory-via-design-of-automation-process-for-wooden-hammers-marking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12592</span> Heritage Management of Wooden Monasteries in Mandalay</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Oo">Mary Oo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thet%20Oo"> Thet Oo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mandalay is home to the last dynasty of Myanmar and is rich in cultural heritage. In Mandalay, cultural heritage is still being seen today, in not only intangible but also many tangible heritages. Intangible heritage, a religious structure such as mosques, churches, stupas, temples, Buddha libraries and monasteries, comprise over 80%. Among these religious structures, the authors aim to study the wooden monasteries built in the 19th century and then propose heritage management for them. Although some of the wooden monasteries are being conserved by the government, NGOs or inhabitants in those buildings, because of the unsystematic management plan and some of the inappropriate traditional methods, even their authentic architectural values have been lost today. In this paper, four aspects are explored: 1) the architectural features of 19th-century wooden monasteries 2) the condition of the problems and challenges, 3) the analysis of the problems of them and finally, based on these above analyses, recommend the appropriate heritage management proposal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mandalay" title="Mandalay">Mandalay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wooden%20monasteries" title=" wooden monasteries"> wooden monasteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges" title=" challenges"> challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problems" title=" problems"> problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20management%20proposal" title=" heritage management proposal"> heritage management proposal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160135/heritage-management-of-wooden-monasteries-in-mandalay" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12591</span> Citizens’ Satisfaction with Green and Blue Spaces and Urban Furniture in Sari Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neda%20Rezvanisanijouybari">Neda Rezvanisanijouybari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cities are living and dynamic organisms that can play an essential role in meeting people's psychological and mental needs. The green and blue spaces, including parks, play an important role in meeting those needs, and therefore they should be prioritised in urban planning and designing. Sari city had several city designs and planning projects to expand the green spaces. These included adding more parks and open spaces with new urban furniture in the city and were an important step forward in creating a pleasant urban landscape in the north of Iran. This research used quantitative and qualitative methods to examine whether the citizens of Sari were satisfied with green and blue spaces and new urban furniture in the city or not. From a questionnaire of 120 Sari citizens, it was found that the citizens were generally satisfied with the green and blue spaces and new urban furniture in Sari. It was also found that the favourite park was Mellal park, and the least favourite was Azadegan park. Accessibility, safety, design, facilities, and water source were the most important reason to visit the parks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction" title="satisfaction">satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green" title=" green"> green</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blue" title=" blue"> blue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20furniture" title=" urban furniture"> urban furniture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156475/citizens-satisfaction-with-green-and-blue-spaces-and-urban-furniture-in-sari-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12590</span> Urban Furniture in a New Setting of Public Spaces within the Kurdistan Region: Educational Targets and Course Design Process </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sinisa%20Prvanov">Sinisa Prvanov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research is an attempt to analyze the existing urban form of outdoor public space of Duhok city and to give proposals for their improvements in terms of urban seating. The aim of this research is to identify the main urban furniture elements and behaviour of users of three central parks of Duhok city, recognizing their functionality and the most common errors. Citizens needs, directly related to the physical characteristics of the environment, are categorized in terms of contact with nature. Parks as significant urban environments express their aesthetic preferences, as well as the need for recreation and play. Citizens around the world desire to contact with nature and places where they can socialize, play and practice different activities, but also participate in building their community and feeling the identity of their cities. The aim of this research is also to reintegrate these spaces in the wider urban context of the city of Duhok, to develop new functions by designing new seating patterns, more improved urban furniture, and necessary supporting facilities and equipment. Urban furniture is a product that uses an enormous number of people in public space. It has a high level of wear and damage due to intense use, exposure to sunlight and weather conditions. Iraq has a hot and dry climate characterized by long, warm, dry summers and short, cold winters. The climate is determined by the Iraq location at the crossroads of Arab desert areas and the subtropical humid climate of the Persian Gulf. The second part of this analysis will describe the possibilities of traditional and contemporary materials as well as their advantages in urban furniture production, providing users protection from extreme local climate conditions, but also taking into account solidities and unwelcome consequences, such as vandalism. In addition, this research represents a preliminary stage in the development of IND307 furniture design course for needs of the Department of Interior design, at the American University in Duhok. Based on results obtained in this research, the course would present a symbiosis between people and technology, promotion of new street furniture design that perceives pedestrian activities in an urban setting, and practical use of anthropometric measurements as a tool for technical innovations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Furniture%20design" title="Furniture design">Furniture design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Street%20furniture" title=" Street furniture"> Street furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Social%20interaction" title=" Social interaction"> Social interaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Public%20space" title=" Public space"> Public space</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129104/urban-furniture-in-a-new-setting-of-public-spaces-within-the-kurdistan-region-educational-targets-and-course-design-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12589</span> Evaluation of Energy Efficiency Development Perspectives in Lithuanian Furniture Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Vasauskaite">J. Vasauskaite</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> From the perspective of Lithuanian furniture enterprises, the role of energy efficiency is significant as it leads to direct economic benefits, increased competitiveness and higher productivity. There are various possible improvements in energy efficiency in industry: changes in the production process, investment in R&D, implementation of energy-saving technologies or energy management systems. The research aims to contribute the understanding of energy efficiency importance in industry by presenting possible improvements of energy use in different manufacturing process of enterprises. The evaluation methodology included quantitative and qualitative research methods: the comparative and statistical analysis of primary and secondary sources of information. This paper provides the detailed analysis of the energy efficiency development opportunities and challenges in Lithuanian furniture industry. The results of the study show the importance of technological innovations, energy efficiency policies and environmental management strategies in developing energy efficiency within the wood and furniture industry. The analysis of energy efficiency development in Lithuanian furniture industry showed that the industrial activities are influenced by various internal and external factors such as increasing flows of products, human resources and overall management decisions; dynamic growth and increasing competition; emerging need for environmental information. In the light of these factors, Lithuanian furniture industry has undergone significant changes – restructuring, technological advances and business model innovations, allowing it to be more export-oriented and focus on upgrading quality, design and innovation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title="energy efficiency">energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20policy" title=" energy policy"> energy policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20industry" title=" furniture industry"> furniture industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20innovation" title=" technological innovation"> technological innovation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20687/evaluation-of-energy-efficiency-development-perspectives-in-lithuanian-furniture-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">510</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12588</span> Aggregate Production Planning Framework in a Multi-Product Factory: A Case Study </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ignatio%20Madanhire">Ignatio Madanhire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charles%20Mbohwa"> Charles Mbohwa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study looks at the best model of aggregate planning activity in an industrial entity and uses the trial and error method on spreadsheets to solve aggregate production planning problems. Also linear programming model is introduced to optimize the aggregate production planning problem. Application of the models in a furniture production firm is evaluated to demonstrate that practical and beneficial solutions can be obtained from the models. Finally some benchmarking of other furniture manufacturing industries was undertaken to assess relevance and level of use in other furniture firms <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregate%20production%20planning" title="aggregate production planning">aggregate production planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trial%20and%20error" title=" trial and error"> trial and error</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20programming" title=" linear programming"> linear programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20industry" title=" furniture industry "> furniture industry </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13776/aggregate-production-planning-framework-in-a-multi-product-factory-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13776.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">556</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12587</span> Competitiveness of the Innovations of Furniture Enterprises in Bulgaria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radostina%20Popova">Radostina Popova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The analysis of the competitiveness of the innovation of furniture enterprises in Bulgaria requires distinguishing types of innovation and innovation activities to determine the results. Main object of the analysis are the results of innovative activities with a high degree of novelty that determine competitiveness and high innovation. It is focused on innovative research in the EU in the last three-year period and its level is directly related to the forms of protection of industrial property, which enterprises use. The results are from studies of innovation of furniture enterprises in Bulgaria during the period - 2006-2012 on a sample of more than 600 furniture companies. The results from studies are focused on product and process (technological) innovations with a high degree of novelty. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovations" title="innovations">innovations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competitiveness" title=" competitiveness"> competitiveness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20enterprises" title=" furniture enterprises"> furniture enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bulgaria" title=" Bulgaria"> Bulgaria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23833/competitiveness-of-the-innovations-of-furniture-enterprises-in-bulgaria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12586</span> A Furniture Industry Concept for a Sustainable Generative Design Platform Employing Robot Based Additive Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Fox">Andrew Fox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Zhang"> Tao Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanhong%20Zhao"> Yuanhong Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qingping%20Yang"> Qingping Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The furniture manufacturing industry has been slow in general to adopt the latest manufacturing technologies, historically relying heavily upon specialised conventional machinery. This approach not only requires high levels of specialist process knowledge, training, and capital investment but also suffers from significant subtractive manufacturing waste and high logistics costs due to the requirement for centralised manufacturing, with high levels of furniture product not re-cycled or re-used. This paper aims to address the problems by introducing suitable digital manufacturing technologies to create step changes in furniture manufacturing design, as the traditional design practices have been reported as building in 80% of environmental impact. In this paper, a 3D printing robot for furniture manufacturing is reported. The 3D printing robot mainly comprises a KUKA industrial robot, an Arduino microprocessor, and a self-assembled screw fed extruder. Compared to traditional 3D printer, the 3D printing robot has larger motion range and can be easily upgraded to enlarge the maximum size of the printed object. Generative design is also investigated in this paper, aiming to establish a combined design methodology that allows assessment of goals, constraints, materials, and manufacturing processes simultaneously. ‘Matrixing’ for part amalgamation and product performance optimisation is enabled. The generative design goals of integrated waste reduction increased manufacturing efficiency, optimised product performance, and reduced environmental impact institute a truly lean and innovative future design methodology. In addition, there is massive future potential to leverage Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) theory through generative design post-processing of geometry for robot manufacture, resulting in ‘mass customised’ furniture with virtually no setup requirements. These generatively designed products can be manufactured using the robot based additive manufacturing. Essentially, the 3D printing robot is already functional; some initial goals have been achieved and are also presented in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20manufacturing" title="additive manufacturing">additive manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generative%20design" title=" generative design"> generative design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robot" title=" robot"> robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116707/a-furniture-industry-concept-for-a-sustainable-generative-design-platform-employing-robot-based-additive-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12585</span> Documentation Project on Decorated Wooden Coffins From Luxor, in the Cairo Museum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Mohmed">Hassan Mohmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Ismail"> Mohamed Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiman%20Rezk"> Aiman Rezk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: This project aims to document and preserve decorated wooden coffins which were discovered in Luxor by Egyptian mission at Luxor, (SR Numbers:2514,2519,2520,2521,5469).These decorated wooden coffins dates back to Egyptian New Kingdom period and has been transferred to the Cairo Museum, to be displayed at the museum. These decorated wooden coffins discovered in the cache-tomb of Bab el-gasus at Deir el-Bahari, Luxor. This site has been dictated for the burials of priests of Amun through 18th Dynasty the coffins owners held these titles, which are as follows: "the embalmer of the beautiful-house (the place of embalming)" and "the servant in the place of truth". Methodology: Methodology: The project objectives making such decorated wooden coffins more visible to visitors through the use of 3D reconstructed coffins and high resolution photos which describe the history of using the wooden coffins during the Ancient Egyptian history Especially, The Cairo Museum is going to exhibit decorated wooden coffins in New kingdom. The project goals is to document decorated wooden coffins and arrange an exhibition, where such decorated wooden coffins going to be displayed next to the Ramses 2nd coffin, This research focuses on the text analyses and the technology. Paleographic information found on these objects. Conclusion: The project shows the importance of using coffins in Ancient Egypt, and connecting their usage through Ancient Egyptian periods; the coffins had a unique Symbolized in ancient Egypt and connect the public with their kings. The Egyptian put coffins in their tombs that they hope to save their bodies’ afterlife. This research will be beneficial and useful for the heritage and ancient civilizations, Indeed this study will open a destination in order to know how to identify these collections and how to exhibit them commensurate with the natural of the ancient Egyptian history and heritage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archaeology" title="archaeology">archaeology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decorated%20wooden%20coffins" title=" decorated wooden coffins"> decorated wooden coffins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20digital%20tools%20for%20heritage%20management" title=" 3D digital tools for heritage management"> 3D digital tools for heritage management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=museums" title=" museums"> museums</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163691/documentation-project-on-decorated-wooden-coffins-from-luxor-in-the-cairo-museum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12584</span> Possible Risks for Online Orders in the Furniture Industry - Customer and Entrepreneur Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Justyna%20%C5%BBywio%C5%82ek">Justyna Żywiołek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marek%20Matulewski"> Marek Matulewski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data, is information processed by enterprises for primary and secondary purposes as processes. Thanks to processing, the sales process takes place; in the case of the surveyed companies, sales take place online. However, this indirect form of contact with the customer causes many problems for both customers and furniture manufacturers. The article presents solutions that would solve problems related to the analysis of data and information in the order fulfillment process sent to post-warranty service. The article also presents an analysis of threats to the security of this information, both for customers and the enterprise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ordering%20furniture%20online" title="ordering furniture online">ordering furniture online</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20security" title=" information security"> information security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture%20industry" title=" furniture industry"> furniture industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enterprise%20security" title=" enterprise security"> enterprise security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20analysis" title=" risk analysis"> risk analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181111/possible-risks-for-online-orders-in-the-furniture-industry-customer-and-entrepreneur-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12583</span> Product Life Cycle Assessment of Generatively Designed Furniture for Interiors Using Robot Based Additive Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Fox">Andrew Fox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qingping%20Yang"> Qingping Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanhong%20Zhao"> Yuanhong Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Zhang"> Tao Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Furniture is a very significant subdivision of architecture and its inherent interior design activities. The furniture industry has developed from an artisan-driven craft industry, whose forerunners saw themselves manifested in their crafts and treasured a sense of pride in the creativity of their designs, these days largely reduced to an anonymous collective mass-produced output. Although a very conservative industry, there is great potential for the implementation of collaborative digital technologies allowing a reconfigured artisan experience to be reawakened in a new and exciting form. The furniture manufacturing industry, in general, has been slow to adopt new methodologies for a design using artificial and rule-based generative design. This tardiness has meant the loss of potential to enhance its capabilities in producing sustainable, flexible, and mass customizable ‘right first-time’ designs. This paper aims to demonstrate the concept methodology for the creation of alternative and inspiring aesthetic structures for robot-based additive manufacturing (RBAM). These technologies can enable the economic creation of previously unachievable structures, which traditionally would not have been commercially economic to manufacture. The integration of these technologies with the computing power of generative design provides the tools for practitioners to create concepts which are well beyond the insight of even the most accomplished traditional design teams. This paper aims to address the problem by introducing generative design methodologies employing the Autodesk Fusion 360 platform. Examination of the alternative methods for its use has the potential to significantly reduce the estimated 80% contribution to environmental impact at the initial design phase. Though predominantly a design methodology, generative design combined with RBAM has the potential to leverage many lean manufacturing and quality assurance benefits, enhancing the efficiency and agility of modern furniture manufacturing. Through a case study examination of a furniture artifact, the results will be compared to a traditionally designed and manufactured product employing the Ecochain Mobius product life cycle analysis (LCA) platform. This will highlight the benefits of both generative design and robot-based additive manufacturing from an environmental impact and manufacturing efficiency standpoint. These step changes in design methodology and environmental assessment have the potential to revolutionise the design to manufacturing workflow, giving momentum to the concept of conceiving a pre-industrial model of manufacturing, with the global demand for a circular economy and bespoke sustainable design at its heart. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robot" title="robot">robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing" title=" manufacturing"> manufacturing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generative%20design" title=" generative design"> generative design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20econonmy" title=" circular econonmy"> circular econonmy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20life%20cycle%20assessment" title=" product life cycle assessment"> product life cycle assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=furniture" title=" furniture"> furniture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136607/product-life-cycle-assessment-of-generatively-designed-furniture-for-interiors-using-robot-based-additive-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12582</span> Anthropometric Parameters of Classroom Furniture in Public and Private Universities of Karachi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farhan%20Iqbal">Farhan Iqbal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ergonomics has its implication in classroom. Present study aimed at finding out the comfort level of students at university level due to classroom furniture which may affect students learning. Two public and one private institution was targeted. Purposive sampling was done. Four hundred and seventy five students volunteered to reply to a questionnaire. Different furniture were measured and descriptively compared with ISO 5970 standard. Overall discomfort was found to be statistically significant as compared to comfort. Comfort and discomfort were found to be negatively correlated. Gender did not differ on upper body discomfort, though, the median score found men to be more comfortable at upper body. GPA was found to be independent of comfort level. Most afflicted areas were neck, shoulder, upper back, lower back and pelvic. The present study will be helpful for all educational institutions of Pakistan. Future studies may be carried out with structural and functional anthropometric data of students for redesigning of the classroom furniture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropometry" title="anthropometry">anthropometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20furniture" title=" classroom furniture"> classroom furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comfort" title=" comfort"> comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discomfort" title=" discomfort"> discomfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4014/anthropometric-parameters-of-classroom-furniture-in-public-and-private-universities-of-karachi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12581</span> Strategic Redesign of Public Spaces with a Sustainable Approach: Case Study of Parque Huancavilca, Guayaquil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Carlos%20Briones%20Macias">Juan Carlos Briones Macias</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Currently, the Huancavilca City Park in Guayaquil is an abandoned public space that is discovering a growing problem of insecurity, where various problems have been perceived, such as the lack of green areas, deteriorating furniture, insufficient lighting, the use of inadequate cladding materials and very sunny areas due to the lack of planning in the design of green areas. The objective of this scientific article is to redesign Huancavilca Park through public space design strategies for more attractive and comfortable areas, becoming a point of interaction in a safe and accessible way. A mixed methodology (qualitative and quantitative) was applied, obtaining information based on surveys, interviews, field observations, and systematizing the data in the traditional weighting of the structuring aspects of the park. The results were obtained from the methodological design scheme of iterative analysis of public spaces by Jan Güell. It is concluded that the use of urban strategies in the structuring elements of the park, such as vegetation, furniture, generating new activities, and security interventions, will specifically solve all the problems of the Huancavilca Park tested in a Pareto 80/20 Diagram. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20space" title="public space">public space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20areas" title=" green areas"> green areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation" title=" vegetation"> vegetation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=street%20furniture" title=" street furniture"> street furniture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20analysis" title=" urban analysis"> urban analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155249/strategic-redesign-of-public-spaces-with-a-sustainable-approach-case-study-of-parque-huancavilca-guayaquil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155249.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wooden%20furniture%20design&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wooden%20furniture%20design&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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