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id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Início</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Rochas_ígneas_intrusivas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rochas_ígneas_intrusivas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Rochas ígneas intrusivas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rochas_ígneas_intrusivas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rochas_ígneas_extrusivas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rochas_ígneas_extrusivas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Rochas ígneas extrusivas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rochas_ígneas_extrusivas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rochas_filonianas_ou_hipoabissais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rochas_filonianas_ou_hipoabissais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Rochas filonianas ou hipoabissais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rochas_filonianas_ou_hipoabissais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Composição_das_rochas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composição_das_rochas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Composição das rochas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Composição_das_rochas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Alternar a subsecção Composição das rochas</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Composição_das_rochas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Série_reaccional_de_Bowen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Série_reaccional_de_Bowen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Série reaccional de Bowen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Série_reaccional_de_Bowen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Família_de_rochas_magmáticas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Família_de_rochas_magmáticas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Família de rochas magmáticas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Família_de_rochas_magmáticas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referências" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligações_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligações_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ligações externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligações_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rocha ígnea</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 91 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-91" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">91 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stollingsgesteente" title="Stollingsgesteente — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Stollingsgesteente" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roca_ignia" title="Roca ignia — aragonês" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Roca ignia" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AE%D8%B1_%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="صخر ناري — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صخر ناري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roca_%C3%ADgnea" title="Roca ígnea — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Roca ígnea" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maqmatik_s%C3%BCxurlar" title="Maqmatik süxurlar — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Maqmatik süxurlar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%BE%D2%A1%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Магмалы тау тоҡомдары — bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Магмалы тау тоҡомдары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Магматычныя горныя пароды — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Магматычныя горныя пароды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Магматычныя горныя пароды — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Магматычныя горныя пароды" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Магмени скали — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Магмени скали" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अगिनचट्टान — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अगिनचट्टान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE" title="আগ্নেয় শিলা — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আগ্নেয় শিলা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatske_stijene" title="Magmatske stijene — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Magmatske stijene" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roca_%C3%ADgnia" title="Roca ígnia — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Roca ígnia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatick%C3%A1_hornina" title="Magmatická hornina — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Magmatická hornina" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig_igneaidd" title="Craig igneaidd — galês" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Craig igneaidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatiske_bjergarter" title="Magmatiske bjergarter — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Magmatiske bjergarter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatisches_Gestein" title="Magmatisches Gestein — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Magmatisches Gestein" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B7%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%84%CF%81%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Εκρηξιγενές πέτρωμα — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εκρηξιγενές πέτρωμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rock" title="Igneous rock — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Igneous rock" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmoroka%C4%B5o" title="Magmorokaĵo — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Magmorokaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roca_%C3%ADgnea" title="Roca ígnea — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Roca ígnea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tardkivim" title="Tardkivim — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tardkivim" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arroka_igneo" title="Arroka igneo — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arroka igneo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%DA%AF_%D8%A2%D8%B0%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="سنگ آذرین — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سنگ آذرین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmakivi" title="Magmakivi — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Magmakivi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roche_magmatique" title="Roche magmatique — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Roche magmatique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carraig_dhoigheartha" title="Carraig dhoigheartha — irlandês" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Carraig dhoigheartha" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clach_theinnteach" title="Clach theinnteach — gaélico escocês" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Clach theinnteach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélico escocês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocha_magm%C3%A1tica" title="Rocha magmática — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rocha magmática" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%A2_%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%93" title="סלע יסוד — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סלע יסוד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B2" title="आग्नेय शैल — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आग्नेय शैल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatske_stijene" title="Magmatske stijene — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Magmatske stijene" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%B2ch_igne" title="Wòch igne — haitiano" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Wòch igne" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magm%C3%A1s_k%C5%91zetek" title="Magmás kőzetek — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Magmás kőzetek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF_%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Մագմատիկ ապարներ — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մագմատիկ ապարներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batuan_beku" title="Batuan beku — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Batuan beku" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koagulo-rokaji" title="Koagulo-rokaji — ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Koagulo-rokaji" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storkuberg" title="Storkuberg — islandês" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Storkuberg" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roccia_magmatica" title="Roccia magmatica — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Roccia magmatica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%88%90%E5%B2%A9" title="火成岩 — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="火成岩" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/dujro%27i" title="dujro'i — lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="dujro'i" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watu_beku" title="Watu beku — javanês" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Watu beku" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="მაგმური ქანები — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მაგმური ქანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Магмалық тау жыныстары — cazaque" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Магмалық тау жыныстары" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86" title="ಅಗ್ನಿಶಿಲೆ — canarim" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಗ್ನಿಶಿಲೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="canarim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%EC%84%B1%EC%95%94" title="화성암 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화성암" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Магма кендери — quirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Магма кендери" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="quirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saxum_igneum" title="Saxum igneum — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Saxum igneum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatescht_Gestengs" title="Magmatescht Gestengs — luxemburguês" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Magmatescht Gestengs" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburguês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmin%C4%97_uoliena" title="Magminė uoliena — lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Magminė uoliena" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatiskie_ie%C5%BEi" title="Magmatiskie ieži — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Magmatiskie ieži" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Магматска карпа — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Магматска карпа" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2" title="ആഗ്നേയശില — malaiala" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആഗ്നേയശില" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Магмын чулуулаг — mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Магмын чулуулаг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batuan_igneus" title="Batuan igneus — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Batuan igneus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9E%E1%80%84%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="မီးသင့်ကျောက် — birmanês" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မီးသင့်ကျောက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatit" title="Magmatit — baixo-alemão" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Magmatit" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo-alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="आग्नेय चट्टान — nepalês" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="आग्नेय चट्टान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stollingsgesteente" title="Stollingsgesteente — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stollingsgesteente" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatisk_bergart" title="Magmatisk bergart — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Magmatisk bergart" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatisk_bergart" title="Magmatisk bergart — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Magmatisk bergart" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B2ca_magmatica" title="Ròca magmatica — occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ròca magmatica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਆਤਸ਼ੀ ਚਟਾਨ — panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਤਸ਼ੀ ਚਟਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ska%C5%82y_magmowe" title="Skały magmowe — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Skały magmowe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4%DB%8C_%DA%86%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آتشی چٹان — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آتشی چٹان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%DA%AB%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%90" title="انګاري ګارې — pastó" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="انګاري ګارې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pastó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roc%C4%83_magmatic%C4%83" title="Rocă magmatică — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rocă magmatică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8B" title="Магматические горные породы — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Магматические горные породы" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatske_stijene" title="Magmatske stijene — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Magmatske stijene" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="ආග්නේය පාෂාණය — cingalês" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ආග්නේය පාෂාණය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rock" title="Igneous rock — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Igneous rock" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vyvret%C3%A1_hornina" title="Vyvretá hornina — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vyvretá hornina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4%DB%8C_%DA%86%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="آتشی چٹاناں — Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="آتشی چٹاناں" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artigo destacado"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatska_kamnina" title="Magmatska kamnina — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Magmatska kamnina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Магматске стене — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Магматске стене" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batu_igneus" title="Batu igneus — sundanês" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Batu igneus" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatisk_bergart" title="Magmatisk bergart — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Magmatisk bergart" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwamba_wa_mgando" title="Mwamba wa mgando — suaíli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mwamba wa mgando" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaíli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88" title="தீப்பாறை — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தீப்பாறை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D3%AF%D2%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D3%A3" title="Ҷинсҳои кӯҳии магматикӣ — tajique" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ҷинсҳои кӯҳии магматикӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tajique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="หินอัคนี — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หินอัคนี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatik_kaya%C3%A7lar" title="Magmatik kayaçlar — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Magmatik kayaçlar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Магмалы тау токымнары — tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Магмалы тау токымнары" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Магматичні гірські породи — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Магматичні гірські породи" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D8%B4%DB%8C_%DA%86%D9%B9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="آتشی چٹان — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آتشی چٹان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatik_tog%CA%BB_jinslari" title="Magmatik togʻ jinslari — usbeque" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Magmatik togʻ jinslari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%C3%A1_magma" title="Đá magma — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đá magma" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B2%A9%E6%B5%86%E5%B2%A9" title="岩浆岩 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="岩浆岩" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%88%90%E5%B2%A9" title="火成岩 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="火成岩" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B3e-s%C3%AAng-g%C3%A2m" title="Hóe-sêng-gâm — min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hóe-sêng-gâm" 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livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom"><span style="color:#655900;font-weight:bold;">(Redirecionado de <u><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rochas_magm%C3%A1ticas&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Rochas magmáticas">Rochas magmáticas</a></u>)</span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68971778">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 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0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .tmbox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmbox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="box-Mais_notas plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Esta página cita fontes, mas não cobrem todo o conteúdo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Esta página <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Cite_as_fontes" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Cite as fontes">cita fontes</a>, mas que <b><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipédia:V">não cobrem</a> todo o conteúdo</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Ajude a <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Refer%C3%AAncias_e_notas_de_rodap%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Referências e notas de rodapé">inserir referências</a> (<small><i>Encontre fontes:</i> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/">ABW</a>  •  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.periodicos.capes.gov.br">CAPES</a>  •  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&as_epq=Rocha+%C3%ADgnea">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?hl=pt&tbm=nws&q=Rocha+%C3%ADgnea&oq=Rocha+%C3%ADgnea">N</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_epq=Rocha+%C3%ADgnea">L</a> • <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=pt&q=Rocha+%C3%ADgnea">A</a>)</span></small>).</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Junho de 2021</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:GabbroRockCreek1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/GabbroRockCreek1.jpg/220px-GabbroRockCreek1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/GabbroRockCreek1.jpg/330px-GabbroRockCreek1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/GabbroRockCreek1.jpg/440px-GabbroRockCreek1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1436" /></a><figcaption>Gabro</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Granit-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Granit-1.jpg/220px-Granit-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Granit-1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>O <a href="/wiki/Granito" title="Granito">granito</a>, um exemplo de rocha ígnea.</figcaption></figure> <p>As <b>Rochas ígneas</b>, <b>rochas magmáticas</b> ou <b>rochas eruptivas</b> (derivado do <a href="/wiki/Latim" title="Latim">latim</a> <i>ignis</i>, que significa fogo) são um dos três principais tipos de <a href="/wiki/Rocha" title="Rocha">rocha</a> (sendo que as outras são as <a href="/wiki/Rochas_sedimentares" class="mw-redirect" title="Rochas sedimentares">rochas sedimentares</a> e as <a href="/wiki/Rochas_metam%C3%B3rficas" class="mw-redirect" title="Rochas metamórficas">rochas metamórficas</a>). A formação das rochas ígneas vem do resultado da consolidação devido ao arrefecimento do <a href="/wiki/Magma" title="Magma">magma</a> derretido ou parcialmente derretido.<sup id="cite_ref-ugs_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ugs-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup> Elas podem ser formadas com ou sem a <a href="/wiki/Cristaliza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Cristalização">cristalização</a>, ou abaixo da superfície como rochas <a href="/wiki/Intrus%C3%A3o" title="Intrusão">intrusivas</a> (plutônicas) ou próximo à superfície, sendo rochas extrusivas (<a href="/wiki/Rocha_vulc%C3%A2nica" title="Rocha vulcânica">vulcânicas</a>). O magma pode ser obtido a partir do derretimento parcial de rochas preexistentes no <a href="/wiki/Manto" title="Manto">manto</a> ou na <a href="/wiki/Crosta" title="Crosta">crosta</a> <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">terrestre</a>. Normalmente, o derretimento é provocado por um ou mais dos três processos: o aumento da <a href="/wiki/Temperatura" title="Temperatura">temperatura</a>, diminuição da <a href="/wiki/Press%C3%A3o" title="Pressão">pressão</a> ou uma mudança na composição. Já foram descritos mais de 700 tipos de rochas ígneas, sendo que a maioria delas é formada sob a superfície da crosta da Terra com diversas propriedades, em função de sua composição e do modo de como foram formadas. </p><p>O processo de solidificação é complexo e nele podem distinguir-se a fase <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortomagm%C3%A1tica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ortomagmática (página não existe)">ortomagmática</a>, a fase <a href="/wiki/Pegmat%C3%ADtica-pneumatol%C3%ADtica" class="mw-redirect" title="Pegmatítica-pneumatolítica">pegmatítica-pneumatolítica</a> e a fase <a href="/wiki/Hidrotermal" class="mw-redirect" title="Hidrotermal">hidrotermal</a>. Estas rochas são compostas de <a href="/wiki/Feldspato" title="Feldspato">feldspato</a> (59,5%), <a href="/wiki/Quartzo" title="Quartzo">quartzo</a> (12%), <a href="/wiki/Pirox%C3%AAnio" class="mw-redirect" title="Piroxênio">piroxênios</a> e <a href="/wiki/Anfibolito" title="Anfibolito">anfibolitos</a> (16,8%), <a href="/wiki/Mica" title="Mica">micas</a> (3,8%) e <a href="/wiki/Min%C3%A9rio" title="Minério">minerais</a> acessórios (7%). Ocupam cerca de 25% da superfície terrestre e 90% do <a href="/wiki/Volume" title="Volume">volume</a> terrestre, devido ao <a href="/wiki/Big_Bang" title="Big Bang">processo de gênese</a>. </p><p>As rochas ígneas podem, de maneira geral, ser classificadas sob dois critérios: texturais e mineralógicos.<sup id="cite_ref-museu_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museu-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> </p><p>O critério textural é especialmente útil na identificação do ambiente onde a rocha se cristalizou, enquanto o mineralógico é baseado na proporção entre seus minerais principais.<sup id="cite_ref-museu_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museu-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> A classificação da maior parte das rochas ígneas, segundo o critério mineralógico, é feito com base no <a href="/wiki/Diagrama_QAPF" title="Diagrama QAPF">diagrama QAPF</a>, usado para rochas com menos de 90% de minerais máficos.<sup id="cite_ref-museu_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-museu-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rochas_ígneas_intrusivas"><span id="Rochas_.C3.ADgneas_intrusivas"></span>Rochas ígneas intrusivas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar secção: Rochas ígneas intrusivas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Rochas ígneas intrusivas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ver artigo principal: <a href="/wiki/Rocha_intrusiva" title="Rocha intrusiva">Rocha intrusiva</a></div> <p>As rochas ígneas intrusivas (conhecidas também como plutônicas ou abissais) são formadas a partir do arrefecimento do <a href="/wiki/Magma" title="Magma">magma</a> no interior da <a href="/wiki/Crosta" title="Crosta">crosta</a>, nas partes profundas da <a href="/wiki/Litosfera" title="Litosfera">litosfera</a>, sem contato com a superfície. Elas só apareceram à superfície depois de removido o material <a href="/wiki/Rocha_sedimentar" title="Rocha sedimentar">sedimentar</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Rocha_metam%C3%B3rfica" title="Rocha metamórfica">metamórfico</a> que a recobria. Em geral, o resfriamento é lento e ocorre a <a href="/wiki/Cristal" title="Cristal">cristalização</a> de todos os seus minerais, apresentando então uma textura holocristalina, ou seja, apresenta grande número de cristais observáveis à vista desarmada. Normalmente as rochas plutônicas ou intrusivas apresentam uma estrutura maciça. A sua estrutura mais corrente é granular, isto é, os minerais apresentam-se equidimensionais ligados entre si. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:YosemiteValley1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/YosemiteValley1.png/220px-YosemiteValley1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/YosemiteValley1.png/330px-YosemiteValley1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/YosemiteValley1.png/440px-YosemiteValley1.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption>Granito do <a href="/wiki/Vale_Yosemite" class="mw-redirect" title="Vale Yosemite">Vale Yosemite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calif%C3%B3rnia" title="Califórnia">Califórnia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos" title="Estados Unidos">Estados Unidos</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Diorite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Diorite.jpg/220px-Diorite.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Diorite.jpg/330px-Diorite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Diorite.jpg/440px-Diorite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="496" /></a><figcaption>Diorito, uma rocha ígnea intrusiva</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rochas_ígneas_extrusivas"><span id="Rochas_.C3.ADgneas_extrusivas"></span>Rochas ígneas extrusivas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar secção: Rochas ígneas extrusivas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Rochas ígneas extrusivas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/17px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/26px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Magnifying_glass_01.svg/34px-Magnifying_glass_01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="663" data-file-height="659" /></span></span>Ver artigo principal: <a href="/wiki/Rocha_extrusiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocha extrusiva">Rocha extrusiva</a></div> <p>As rochas ígneas extrusivas (conhecidas também como vulcânicas ou efusivas) são formadas a partir do resfriamento do material expelido pelas <a href="/wiki/Vulc%C3%A3o" title="Vulcão">erupções vulcânicas</a> atuais ou antigas. A consolidação do magma, então, acontece na superfície da <a href="/wiki/Crosta" title="Crosta">crosta</a> ou próximo a ela. O resfriamento é rápido, o que faz a que estas rochas, por vezes, apresentem <a href="/wiki/Vidro" title="Vidro">material vítreo</a>, logo, possuem uma textura vidrosa (vítrea), ou seja, uma textura que não apresenta cristais (a olho nu) ou até mesmo uma textura hemicristalina, isto é, apresenta alguns cristais no seio de uma massa amorfa. Há uma grande diversidade de rochas vulcânicas que se agrupam em alguns tipos gerais: <a href="/wiki/Ri%C3%B3lito" title="Riólito">riólitos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Traquito" title="Traquito">traquitos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andesito" title="Andesito">andesitos</a> e <a href="/wiki/Basalto" title="Basalto">basaltos</a>, entre os quais existe uma série de rochas intermediárias, do mesmo modo que nas rochas plutônicas, e sua classificação, na maior parte dos casos, também é feita com base no <a href="/wiki/Diagrama_QAPF" title="Diagrama QAPF">diagrama QAPF</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:BasaltUSGOV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BasaltUSGOV.jpg/220px-BasaltUSGOV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/BasaltUSGOV.jpg/330px-BasaltUSGOV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/BasaltUSGOV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="261" /></a><figcaption>Basalto, uma rocha ígnea extrusiva</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rochas_filonianas_ou_hipoabissais">Rochas filonianas ou hipoabissais</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar secção: Rochas filonianas ou hipoabissais" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Rochas filonianas ou hipoabissais"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Aplite_Sample.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Aplite_Sample.jpg/220px-Aplite_Sample.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Aplite_Sample.jpg/330px-Aplite_Sample.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Aplite_Sample.jpg/440px-Aplite_Sample.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Amostra de Aplito, Biblioteca de rochas NASA.</figcaption></figure> <p>São as rochas que alguns autores consideram, de certo modo, fazer a transição entre as rochas vulcânicas e as rochas plutônicas. Sem atingir a superfície, aproximam-se muito dela e podem preencher as fissuras da crosta terrestre. Umas formam-se por resfriamento do magma numa fissura, outras formam o recheio das fissuras e fraturas, devido à presença de soluções hidrotermais (de <a href="/wiki/%C3%81gua" title="Água">águas</a> térmicas) que aí precipitam os minerais. Todas as rochas filonianas se encontram em relação direta com o magma, isto é, com rochas intrusivas. São exemplo de rochas filonianas os <a href="/wiki/Aplito" title="Aplito">aplitos</a>, os <a href="/wiki/Pegmatito" title="Pegmatito">pegmatitos</a> e os <a href="/wiki/Lampr%C3%B3firo" title="Lamprófiro">lamprófiros</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Composição_das_rochas"><span id="Composi.C3.A7.C3.A3o_das_rochas"></span>Composição das rochas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar secção: Composição das rochas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Composição das rochas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As rochas são praticamente compostas pelos minerais que as caracterizam. No início do século XIX, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Levi_Bowen" title="Norman Levi Bowen">Norman Levi Bowen</a>, geólogo e mineralogista canadiano, descreveu como se cristalizam os minerais quando sujeitos a variações de pressão e temperatura e formulou a conhecida <b>série reaccional de Bowen</b>, aceite actualmente como a progressão ideal dos minerais dado o arrefecimento de magma. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Série_reaccional_de_Bowen"><span id="S.C3.A9rie_reaccional_de_Bowen"></span>Série reaccional de Bowen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editar secção: Série reaccional de Bowen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Série reaccional de Bowen"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A série reaccional de Bowen é constituída por duas séries: </p> <ul><li><b>Série descontínua:</b> constituída por 4 minerais que são, por ordem decrescente da temperatura a que se formam, a <a href="/wiki/Olivina" title="Olivina">olivina</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Piroxena" title="Piroxena">piroxena</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Anf%C3%ADbola" title="Anfíbola">anfíbola</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Biotite" class="mw-redirect" title="Biotite">biotite</a>. Estes minerais não apresentam igual estrutura cristalina e a transição entre eles não é gradual. Progressivamente, os minerais possuem menos ferro e magnésio (<a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1fico" title="Máfico">minerais máficos</a>) e mais sílica e alumínio (<a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lsico" title="Félsico">minerais félsicos</a>) e quando se dá a cristalização da biotite, a porcentagem de ferro e magnésio é nula na composição do magma residual.</li> <li><b>Série contínua:</b> constituída por <a href="/wiki/Plagioclases" class="mw-redirect" title="Plagioclases">plagioclases</a>, a composição a maiores temperaturas permite a criação de minerais com mais cálcio. Quanto mais baixa a temperatura, menor a quantidade de cálcio na composição da rocha e maior a de sódio. A transição entre os minerais é gradual, pois as plagioclases são <a href="/w/index.php?title=Minerais_isomorfos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Minerais isomorfos (página não existe)">minerais isomorfos</a>, ou seja, apresentam a mesma forma cristalina mas composição química diferente. A <a href="/wiki/Anortite" class="mw-redirect" title="Anortite">anortite</a> é cálcica por completo, enquanto que a <a href="/wiki/Albite" class="mw-redirect" title="Albite">albite</a> é somente constituída por sódio.</li> <li><b>Depois das séries:</b> ocorre cristalização dos restantes componentes, formando minerais ricos em sílica. O <a href="/wiki/Quartzo" title="Quartzo">quartzo</a>, o último mineral formado, é completamente constituído por sílica.</li></ul> <table style="width: 75%"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" width="120"> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>Série Descontínua</b></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olivina" title="Olivina">Olivina</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Piroxena" title="Piroxena">Piroxena</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anf%C3%ADbola" title="Anfíbola">Anfíbola</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Biotite" class="mw-redirect" title="Biotite">Biotite</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="border-left: 2px solid black"><a href="/wiki/Ortoclase" title="Ortoclase">Ortoclase</a> <br /> (Feldspato Potássico)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moscovite" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscovite">Moscovite</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quartzo" title="Quartzo">Quartzo</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Série Contínua</b></td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Anortite" class="mw-redirect" title="Anortite">Anortite</a> (+Ca)</td> <td>→</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Albite" class="mw-redirect" title="Albite">Albite</a> (+Na) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="10"><font color="gray"><small>No sentido → (esquerda-direita): diminuição da temperatura relativa de cristalização e do ponto de fusão, aumento da resistência do mineral e da hidratação do magma</small></font> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Família_de_rochas_magmáticas"><span id="Fam.C3.ADlia_de_rochas_magm.C3.A1ticas"></span>Família de rochas magmáticas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editar secção: Família de rochas magmáticas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Família de rochas magmáticas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A classificação detalhada das rochas magmáticas requer um estudo <a href="/wiki/Microsc%C3%B3pio" title="Microscópio">microscópico</a> da mesma e, na maior parte dos casos, é feita com base no <a href="/wiki/Diagrama_QAPF" title="Diagrama QAPF">diagrama QAPF</a>. Em linhas gerais, podem considerar-se as seguintes famílias de rochas magmáticas, entre as quais existe toda uma série de rochas intermédias: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Streckeisen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Streckeisen.jpg/220px-Streckeisen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Streckeisen.jpg/330px-Streckeisen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Streckeisen.jpg/440px-Streckeisen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2391" data-file-height="1645" /></a><figcaption>Diagramas de Streckeisen para classificação de rochas ígneas</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>Família do granito</b>: o <a href="/wiki/Granito" title="Granito">granito</a> é uma mistura de <a href="/wiki/Quartzo" title="Quartzo">quartzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feldspato" title="Feldspato">feldspato</a> e <a href="/wiki/Mica" title="Mica">micas</a>, além de outros minerais, que se podem encontrar em menores proporções e que recebem a denominação de acessórios. Estes podem ser <a href="/wiki/Turmalina" title="Turmalina">turmalinas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plagioclase" title="Plagioclase">plagioclases</a>, <a href="/wiki/Top%C3%A1zio" title="Topázio">topázio</a>, e outros mais. O granito é uma <a href="/wiki/Rocha_%C3%A1cida" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocha ácida">rocha ácida</a> e pouco <a href="/wiki/Densidade" title="Densidade">densa</a> que aparece abundantemente em grandes massas, formando regiões inteiras ou as zonas centrais de muitos <a href="/wiki/Montanha" title="Montanha">acidentes montanhosos</a>. O equivalente vulcânico do granito é o <a href="/wiki/Ri%C3%B3lito" title="Riólito">riólito</a>;</li> <li><b>Família do <a href="/wiki/Sienito" title="Sienito">sienito</a></b>: tem como minerais essenciais os <a href="/wiki/Feldspato" title="Feldspato">feldspatos</a> alcalinos, especialmente a <a href="/wiki/Ortoclase" title="Ortoclase">ortoclase</a>, aos quais se associa a <a href="/wiki/Hornblenda" class="mw-redirect" title="Hornblenda">hornblenda</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Augite" class="mw-redirect" title="Augite">augite</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Biotite" class="mw-redirect" title="Biotite">biotite</a>. Não apresentam nem <a href="/wiki/Moscovite" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscovite">moscovite</a> nem quartzo. São <a href="/wiki/Rocha_neutra" title="Rocha neutra">rochas neutras</a>. O equivalente vulcânico do sienito é o <a href="/wiki/Traquito" title="Traquito">traquito</a>;</li> <li><b>Família do <a href="/wiki/Diorito" title="Diorito">diorito</a></b>: tem como minerais essenciais os feldspatos calcossódicos ácidos - <a href="/wiki/Oligoclase" title="Oligoclase">oligoclase</a> e <a href="/wiki/Andesina" title="Andesina">andesina</a>. A estes associam-se, em geral, a <a href="/wiki/Hornblenda" class="mw-redirect" title="Hornblenda">hornblenda</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Augite" class="mw-redirect" title="Augite">augite</a> e a <a href="/wiki/Biotite" class="mw-redirect" title="Biotite">biotite</a>. O equivalente vulcânico do diorito é o <a href="/wiki/Andesito" title="Andesito">andesito</a>.</li> <li><b>Família do <a href="/wiki/Gabro" title="Gabro">gabro</a></b>: são rochas escuras, <a href="/wiki/Verde" title="Verde">verdes</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Preto" title="Preto">negras</a>, bastante densas e sem quartzo, pelo que são rochas básicas. Os seus minerais essenciais são os feldspatos básicos - <a href="/wiki/Labradorita" class="mw-redirect" title="Labradorita">labradorite</a> e <a href="/wiki/Anortita" title="Anortita">anortite</a> -, acompanhados, geralmente, por <a href="/wiki/Di%C3%A1lage" title="Diálage">diálage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biotite" class="mw-redirect" title="Biotite">biotite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Augite" class="mw-redirect" title="Augite">augite</a> e <a href="/wiki/Olivina" title="Olivina">olivina</a>. O equivalente vulcânico do gabro é o <a href="/wiki/Basalto" title="Basalto">basalto</a>;</li> <li><b>Família do <a href="/wiki/Peridotito" title="Peridotito">peridotito</a></b>: são rochas constituídas por <a href="/wiki/Anf%C3%ADbola" title="Anfíbola">anfíbolas</a> e <a href="/wiki/Piroxena" title="Piroxena">piroxenas</a> e, sobretudo, por <a href="/wiki/Olivina" title="Olivina">olivina</a>. São <a href="/wiki/Rocha_ultrab%C3%A1sica" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocha ultrabásica">rochas ultrabásicas</a> muito densas e escuras. O magma que as originou formou-se em grande profundidade, muitas vezes na parte superior do <a href="/wiki/Manto" title="Manto">manto</a>. Os peridotitos são rochas muito alteráveis por efeito dos agentes meteóricos, transformando-se em <a href="/wiki/Serpentinito" title="Serpentinito">serpentinitos</a>, que são utilizados como pedras ornamentais, muito apreciada pela sua cor verde escura.</li></ul> <h2 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h2> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ugs-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ugs_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/LivingWith/VolcanicPast/Notes/igneous_rocks.html">«Igneous Rocks»</a>. United States Geological Service<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de janeiro de 2012</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ARocha+%C3gnea&rft.btitle=Igneous+Rocks&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=United+States+Geological+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvulcan.wr.usgs.gov%2FLivingWith%2FVolcanicPast%2FNotes%2Figneous_rocks.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> (em inglês)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-museu-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-museu_2-0">a</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-museu_2-1">b</a></b></i></sup> <sup><i><b><a href="#cite_ref-museu_2-2">c</a></b></i></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090325091612/http://www.rc.unesp.br/museudpm/rochas/magmaticos/magmaticas.html">«Rochas magmáticas»</a>. Museu de Minerais e Rochas Heinz Ebert, UNESP<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 3 de janeiro de 2013</span>. Arquivado do <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rc.unesp.br/museudpm/rochas/magmaticos/magmaticas.html">original</a> em 25 de março de 2009</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ARocha+%C3gnea&rft.btitle=Rochas+magm%C3%A1ticas&rft.genre=unknown&rft.pub=Museu+de+Minerais+e+Rochas+Heinz+Ebert%2C+UNESP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rc.unesp.br%2Fmuseudpm%2Frochas%2Fmagmaticos%2Fmagmaticas.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rocha_%C3%ADgnea&action=edit&section=7" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commons"><img alt="Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/33px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/44px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption>Commons</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="extiw" title="commons:Página principal">Commons</a> possui imagens e outros ficheiros sobre <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Igneous+rock&uselang=pt">Rocha ígnea</a></span></b></div> </div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 250px; padding: 5px; spacing: 2px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikcionário"><img alt="Wikcionário" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span><figcaption>Wikcionário</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="/wiki/Wikcion%C3%A1rio" title="Wikcionário">Wikcionário</a> tem o verbete <i><b><a href="https://pt.wiktionary.org/wiki/igneous" class="extiw" title="wikt:igneous">igneous</a></b></i>.</div></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geol.lsu.edu/henry/Geology3041/lectures/02IgneousClassify/IUGS-IgneousClassFlowChart.htm">«Classificação das rochas ígneas»</a> (em inglês)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3ARocha+%C3gnea&rft.btitle=Classifica%C3%A7%C3%A3o+das+rochas+%C3gneas&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geol.lsu.edu%2Fhenry%2FGeology3041%2Flectures%2F02IgneousClassify%2FIUGS-IgneousClassFlowChart.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rochas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Rochas" title="Predefinição:Rochas"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Rochas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Rochas (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Rochas&action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rochas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_rochas" title="Lista de rochas">Rochas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rocha_sedimentar" title="Rocha sedimentar">Rochas sedimentares</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arenito" title="Arenito">Arenito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcarenito" title="Calcarenito">Calcarenito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calc%C3%A1rio" title="Calcário">Calcário</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcilutito" title="Calcilutito">Calcilutito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conglomerado" title="Conglomerado">Conglomerado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamictito" title="Diamictito">Diamictito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolomita" title="Dolomita">Dolomita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folhelho" title="Folhelho">Folhelho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siltito" title="Siltito">Siltito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travertino" title="Travertino">Travertino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilito" title="Tilito">Tilito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varvito" title="Varvito">Varvito</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Plagioclase_porphyry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Plagioclase_porphyry.jpg/70px-Plagioclase_porphyry.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Plagioclase_porphyry.jpg/105px-Plagioclase_porphyry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Plagioclase_porphyry.jpg/140px-Plagioclase_porphyry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="487" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rocha_metam%C3%B3rfica" title="Rocha metamórfica">Rochas metamórficas</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rmore" title="Mármore">Mármore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ard%C3%B3sia" title="Ardósia">Ardósia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartzito" title="Quartzito">Quartzito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnaisse" title="Gnaisse">Gnaisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedra-sab%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="Pedra-sabão">Pedra-sabão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micaxisto" title="Micaxisto">Micaxisto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xisto" title="Xisto">Xisto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xisto_Verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Xisto Verde">Xisto Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xistos_Azuis" class="mw-redirect" title="Xistos Azuis">Xistos Azuis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filito" title="Filito">Filito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itabirito_(geologia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Itabirito (geologia)">Itabirito</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rochas magmáticas ou ígneas</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basalto" title="Basalto">Basalto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedra-pomes" title="Pedra-pomes">Pedra-pomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granito" title="Granito">Granito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diab%C3%A1sio" class="mw-redirect" title="Diabásio">Diabásio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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