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">Outils</a> </li> </ul> <a href="#" class="c-menu__link c-menu__display-menu"><i class="c-icon-bars-r"></i></a> <a href="#" class="c-menu__link c-menu__search"><i class="c-icon-search-s"></i></a> </nav> <form class="c-search" id="anchor-search" action="/recherche" method="get"> <label for="search-q"> <i class="c-icon-calendar-alt-r u-color-blue"></i> <input type="text" id="search-q" name="q" class="c-search__field has-icon" placeholder="Tapez votre recherche (date, calendrier, fêtes nationales)" value=""/> </label> <input type="submit" value=" Recherche" class="c-btn c-btn--primary c-btn--red c-btn--xbig c-btn--icon-search c-search__submit"/> </form> </div> <div class="c-gradient"> <h1 class="o-h1">Le calendrier juif</h1> </div> </header> <div class="o-container o-layout"> <main> <ul class="o-ariane"> <li class="o-ariane__item"> <a href="/" class="o-ariane__link o-ariane__home"><i class="c-icon-home-alt-r"></i> <span class="o-ariane__hometext">Accueil</span> </a> </li> <i class="o-ariane__sep c-icon-angle-right-r"></i> <li class="o-ariane__item"> <span class="o-ariane__link">À ne pas manquer</span> </li> <i class="o-ariane__sep c-icon-angle-right-r"></i> <li class="o-ariane__item"> <a href="/calendriers-saga/" class="o-ariane__link">Calendriers Saga</a> </li> <i class="o-ariane__sep c-icon-angle-right-r"></i> <li class="o-ariane__item"> <a href="/calendriers-saga/calendriers/" class="o-ariane__link">Les calendriers</a> </li> <i class="o-ariane__sep c-icon-angle-right-r"></i> <li class="o-ariane__item"> <span class="o-ariane__link o-ariane__link--last">Le calendrier juif</span> </li> </ul> <h2 class="o-h2">Un peu d'histoire</h2> <div class="o-pics"> <div class="o-pic"> <figure> <picture class="o-pic__illu"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel1_405_2.webp 1x, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel1_405_4.webp 1x" type="image/webp"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel1_405_1.jpg 1x, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel1_405_3.jpg 1x" type="image/jpeg"> <img src="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel1_405_1.jpg" alt="Le royaume d'Israël à la mort du roi Salomon" class="o-pic__img u-noalign o-pic__img--portrait o-pic__img--ld o-pic__img--natural" loading="lazy" /> </picture> <figcaption class="o-pic__legend">Le royaume d'Israël à la mort du roi Salomon </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="o-pic"> <figure> <picture class="o-pic__illu"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel_act2_406_2.webp 1x, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel_act2_406_4.webp 1x" type="image/webp"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel_act2_406_1.jpg 1x, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel_act2_406_3.jpg 1x" type="image/jpeg"> <img src="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/israel_act2_406_1.jpg" alt="Israël à l'heure actuelle" class="o-pic__img u-noalign o-pic__img--portrait o-pic__img--ld o-pic__img--natural" loading="lazy" /> </picture> <figcaption class="o-pic__legend">Israël à l'heure actuelle </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <p class="o-p">Pour commencer, et pour nous permettre de situer les faits marquants liés à l'évolution des calendriers, voici un bref tableau chronologique des grands événements de l'histoire du peuple juif pour la période qui nous intéresse.</p> <div class="u-table-wrapper"> <table class="o-table u-table-mobile o-table--compact" class="o-table"> <thead class="o-table__head"> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <th width="9%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Grégorien</th> <th width="7%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Juif</th> <th width="84%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Événement</th> </tr> </thead><tbody class="o-table__body"><tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-3761</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Selon les Hébreux, Dieu crée le monde et les hommes</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td height="70" width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td"><br /> -2000<br /> -1750<br /> <br /> </td> <td height="70" width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1760<br /> 2010</td> <td height="70" valign="top" width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Des tribus semi-nomades pénètrent au pays de Canaan. Les patriarches bibliques, ancêtres de ce peuple, ont pour nom Abraham, Isaac et Jacob.<br /> Abraham, originaire de Mésopotamie, s'installe dans la région d'Hébron, son fils Isaac dans le sud palestinien et Jacob, fils d'Isaac en Palestine centrale</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-1785<br /> -1580</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1975<br /> 2180</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Suite à la pression d'envahisseurs Hyksos, le peuple de Jacob s'installe en Égypte dans le delta du Nil</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-XIIIe</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">IIIe</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Asservis par les Égyptiens (nous sommes à l'époque de Ramsès II), les Hébreux quittent le pays guidés par Dieu et par Moïse. Cet événement constitue la Pâque juive.<br /> A cette occasion, ils reçoivent la Torah révélée à Moïse au Sinaï.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-1003</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">2757</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Reconquête du pays de Cannan par le roi David qui règne sur tout l'État d'Israël.<br /> Il soumet Jérusalem, y installe le Tabernacle et en fait sa capitale.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-964</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">2796</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Le roi Salomon élève le premier temple de Jérusalem.<br /> À sa mort, deux royaumes voient le jour<span class="u-fine"> </span>: la Judée (Juda) au sud et Israël au nord.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-587</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3173</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">après un siège de dix-huit mois, le babylonien Nabuchodonosor prend la ville et le temple de Jérusalem qui sont brûlés. Le royaume de Juda est définitivement dompté.<br /> Les juifs sont déportés à Babylone.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-539</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3221</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Le Perse Cyrus le Grand conquiert Babylone, ordonne officiellement la reconstruction du temple de Jérusalem aux frais de l’État perse et à titre de réparation des dommages causés par Nabuchodonosor. Il accorde aussi aux Juifs le droit de rentrer dans leur pays (Édit d'Ecbatane).</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-515</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3245</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Achèvement du second temple.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-332</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3428</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">La Palestine est conquise par Alexandre et passe sous domination Grecque.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-63</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3697</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Pompée entre à Jérusalem et soumet les Juifs.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">-15</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3745</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Construction du troisième temple par Hérode le Grand (ou, plus précisément, reconstruction du deuxième temple). les travaux durent huit ans.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">68</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3828</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Après plusieurs mois de siège,Titus prend Jérusalem. Son Temple est incendié; les Juifs sont, en masse, vendus comme esclaves.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">135</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3895</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">L’empereur Hadrien, venu à Jérusalem en 130, décide de créer une cité païenne sur le site. Les Juifs se révoltent et la répression est encore pire qu’en 68: de nouvelles déportations de Juifs, réduits en esclavage, s’ajoutent aux massacres. C'est le début du deuxième Exil.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">200+</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3960+</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Les Juifs sont dispersés à travers le monde. Après la destruction du Temple, le Sanhédrin, institution religieuse d’Israël, siège à Jabneh, puis en Galilée, à Ousha, à Shefaram, à Bet Shearim, à Sephoris et à Tibériade. Les Romains reconnaissent sa compétence pour les affaires intérieures juives jusqu’en 425. Le patriarche Hillel II le présida vers 358.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="9%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1948</td> <td width="7%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">5708</td> <td width="84%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Déclaration d'indépendance de l'État d'Israël.</td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <h2 class="o-h2">Le calendrier</h2> <p class="o-p">Le calendrier juif, dont nous allons tenter de suivre les différentes versions est, sous sa forme définitive, le calendrier officiel de l'État Israël.</p> <p class="o-p">Beaucoup d'indications sur le calendrier juif et son évolution sont données par la Torah. Un petit rappel si vous m'y autorisez<span class="u-fine"> </span>: la «<span class="u-fine"> </span>Torah écrite<span class="u-fine"> </span>», - celle qui nous intéresse - pour sa plus grande partie, correspond à l’Ancien Testament de la bible des chrétiens. Vous trouverez, à la fin de cette étude un tableau qui donne les références bibliques de certaines caractéristiques du calendrier juif.</p> <p class="o-p">Encore une fois, l'origine de ce calendrier est à rechercher dans le <a href="/calendriers-saga/calendriers/mesopotamiens" >calendrier babylonien</a>. Je dis «<span class="u-fine"> </span>encore une fois<span class="u-fine"> </span>» parce que le calendrier juif ne serait pas le premier à trouver ses racines en Mésopotamie. J'ajoute que certains textes bibliques eux-mêmes ont pour origine des textes babyloniens (épopée d'Athrahasis le Sage ou celle de Gilgamesh).</p> <p class="o-p">Une observation d'ordre général<span class="u-fine"> </span>: le calendrier juif est un calendrier luni-solaire ou, plus précisément, un calendrier lunaire qui va s'efforcer de suivre le déroulement des saisons.</p> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--main">Avant la captivité des Hébreux à Babylone</h3> <p class="o-p">Il y a peu d'éléments dans l'Ancien Testament sur cette période.</p> <p class="o-p">L'année comportait douze mois lunaires. Les mois étaient numérotés et seuls quatre noms de ces mois sont rapportés par la Bible<span class="u-fine"> </span>: <strong>Abib</strong> (premier mois), <strong>Ziv</strong> (deuxième mois), <strong>Ethanim</strong> (septième mois) et <strong>Bul</strong> (huitième mois).</p> <p class="o-p">Il semble que ce soit Moïse qui ait donné aux Juifs un calendrier religieux. L'année commençait avec la Pâque (Pessah) commémorant l'exode hors d'Égypte. D'autres fêtes étaient liées aux semailles et aux moissons et cet enracinement du calendrier juif dans une tradition agricole tend à nous faire penser que le calendrier lunaire était adapté aux années solaires par ajout périodique de mois supplémentaires. Mais la Bible n'en fait pas mention.</p> <p class="o-p">Le calendrier civil, lui, faisait débuter l'année le septième mois du calendrier religieux. Nous verrons plus loin que nous n'avons pas pour autant affaire à deux calendriers, mais bien à un seul.</p> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--main">Pendant et après la captivité des Hébreux à Babylone</h3> <p class="o-p">N'étant pas eux-mêmes de bons astronomes, les Hébreux adoptent, lors de l'exil à Babylone, le calendrier babylonien et font leurs les noms des mois babyloniens en les adaptant à leur propre langue. Ils font alors débuter l'année religieuse aux environs de l'équinoxe de printemps.</p> <p class="o-p">Voici la correspondance entre les noms des mois babyloniens et hébreux<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</p> <div class="u-table-wrapper"> <table class="o-table u-table-mobile o-table--compact" class="o-table"> <thead class="o-table__head"> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <th width="22%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Mois Babylonien</th> <th width="21%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Mois Hébreux</th> <th width="26%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">N° d'ordre dans l'année religieuse</th> <th width="31%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">N° d'ordre dans l'année civile</th> </tr> </thead><tbody class="o-table__body"><tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">nissanu</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">nisan</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">7</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Ayaru</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">iyyar</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">2</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">8</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Sivanu</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">sivan</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">9</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">dû-zu</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">tammuz</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">4</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">10</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">abu</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">ab</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">5</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">11</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">ululu</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">ellul</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">6</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">12</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">tasritu</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">tishri</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">7</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">arah-samna</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">heshvan</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">8</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">2</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">kislou</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">kislev</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">9</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">tebitu</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">tebeth</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">10</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">4</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">sebatu</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">shebat</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">11</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">5</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="22%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">addaru</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">adar</td> <td width="26%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">12</td> <td width="31%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">6</td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <p class="o-p">L'ajout d'un mois intercalaire pour faire correspondre l'année lunaire à l'année solaire existant dans le calendrier babylonien, le calendrier juif de l'époque repris ce principe. D'autant plus, comme nous l'avons vu, que la vie des Hébreux était liée aux périodes agricoles.</p> <p class="o-p">Cette intercalation d'un mois supplémentaire se faisait à la fin de l'année religieuse et donc après le dernier mois de cette année, le mois Adar. Le mois supplémentaire portait alors le nom de We-adar (Veadar).</p> <p class="o-p">Toujous par manque de culture astronomique, les Hébreux usaient d'une méthode empirique pour juger de l'opportunité d'ajouter ou non un mois à l'année<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</p> <p class="o-p">Je cite Chauve-Bertrand dans son livre <em>La question du calendrier</em><span class="u-fine"> </span>: "<em>Un tribunal de plusieurs membres décidait s'il y avait lieu d'ajouter un treizième mois. Le Talmud de Jérusalem a conservé trois signes remarqués par les pâtres et admis par les sages<span class="u-fine"> </span>: 1- Au mois d'Adar, la température doit être assez avancée pour que les céréales commencent à mûrir et que les arbres fleurissent 2- En ce mois le froid diminue tant qu'en présence même du fort vent d'Est l'haleine le réchauffe 3- A cette époque le boeuf est transi de froid au matin, tandis qu'à midi il va à l'ombre du figuier se détendre la peau. Or, quand le mois d'Adar n'avait pas ces signes, il y avait lieu d'intercaler un treizième mois.</em> "</p> <p class="o-p">La décision d'intercaler un treizième mois était, en dernier ressort, prise par le <strong>Sanhédrin</strong>, institution suprême, politique, religieuse et judiciaire du peuple d’Israël, à savoir une assemblée de soixante et onze membres. C'est ce Sanhédrin qui jouera plus tard un rôle essentiel pour fixer les règles de construction du calendrier juif actuel.</p> <p class="o-p">Mais nous n'en sommes pas encore là et revenons à notre calendrier juif post-babylonien.</p> <p class="o-p">Le début de l'année étant fixé, il nous reste maintenant à fixer le début des mois qui, souvenons-nous, est étroitement lié à la lune.</p> <p class="o-p">Une des fonctions du Sanhédrin (encore lui) était aussi de proclamer le nouveau mois. La méthode était tout aussi empirique que celle de la fixation du début de l'année. Elle ressemble beaucoup à la méthode babylonienne<span class="u-fine"> </span>: aux environs de la fin du mois, les voyageurs arrivant à Jérusalem sont minutieusement interrogés. Si deux d'entre eux déclarent avoir vu la lune naissante (néoménie ou molad) et si leurs témoignages concordent, le nouveau mois est proclamé et comportera donc 29 jours. Si aucun témoin ne se manifeste, le mois en cours est déclaré avoir 30 jours. L'annonce est transmise de lieu en lieu à partir d'un feu allumé au sommet du mont des Oliviers.</p> <p class="o-p">Le jour commençait au coucher du soleil.</p> <div class="o-pic"> <figure> <a href="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_15.jpg" class="o-pic__link"><picture class="o-pic__illu"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_2.webp 1024w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_4.webp 768w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_6.webp 414w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_8.webp 828w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_10.webp 375w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_12.webp 750w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_16.webp 1300w" type="image/webp" sizes="96vw"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_1.jpg 1024w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_3.jpg 768w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_5.jpg 414w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_7.jpg 828w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_9.jpg 375w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_11.jpg 750w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_13.jpg 320w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_15.jpg 1300w" type="image/jpeg" sizes="96vw"> <img src="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/fresque2_407_1.jpg" alt="Un calendrier très enraciné dans la tradition agricole Merci à Samuel pour son prêt." class="o-pic__img" loading="lazy" /> </picture></a> <figcaption class="o-pic__legend">Un calendrier très enraciné dans la tradition agricole Merci à Samuel pour son prêt. </figcaption> </figure> </div> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--main">Le calendrier d'Hillel</h3> <p class="o-p">Comme nous l'avons vu jusqu'à maintenant, le calendrier hébreu était basé sur des observations (moisson, lune nouvelle, coucher du soleil.) qui ne pouvaient prospérer. Comment, par exemple, faire connaître le début du mois à tout le monde juif quand les Samaritains émettent de faux signaux, quand les Romains interdisent l'envoi d'émissaires ou la réception de témoin et quand, surtout, le peuple juif est dispersé aux quatre coins du monde antique suite aux sévices de Titus<span class="u-fine"> </span>?</p> <p class="o-p">La solution arrive par le Sanhédrin en 359 (ou 358) de notre ère et en la personne de Hillel II qui le préside à cette époque. Il instaure en effet une sorte de «<span class="u-fine"> </span>calendrier perpétuel<span class="u-fine"> </span>» qui est toujours en usage de nos jours en Israël.</p> <p class="o-p">Examinons de plus près les différentes composantes de ce calendrier et ses difficultés d'élaboration dues en grande partie aux fêtes religieuses.</p> <p class="o-p">Mais, auparavant, une courte parenthèse pour évoquer la notion de calendrier religieux et de calendrier civil<span class="u-fine"> </span>: il n'existe pas deux calendriers juifs, mais bien un seul dont le début de l'année change. Pour prendre un exemple simple, c'est l'équivalent de notre calendrier grégorien qui débute en janvier et du calendrier scolaire qui débute en septembre. Pour le reste, rien n'est changé et le 14 juillet est toujours au 14 juillet dans notre calendrier «<span class="u-fine"> </span>civil<span class="u-fine"> </span>» et dans le calendrier scolaire.</p> <p class="o-p">Pour le reste de notre étude, nous nous en tiendrons au calendrier civil juif qui, comme on va le voir, suite à la réforme de Hillel II va désormais faire appel à une notion de «<span class="u-fine"> </span>lune théorique<span class="u-fine"> </span>».</p> <p class="o-p">Le jour commence à 18 heures, heure occidentale au méridien de Jérusalem.</p> <p class="o-p">Il comprend 24 heures et chaque heure est divisée en 1080 <em>parties</em> ou <em>scrupules</em> appelées <strong>halakim</strong> ou <strong>chalakim</strong> numérotés de 0 à 1079. Chaque scrupule comporte 76 <em>moments</em> ou <em>instants</em> appelés <strong>regakim</strong>.</p> <p class="o-p">On dit que les Hébreux ont inventé la semaine de sept jours, mais, à y regarder de plus près, on voit les prémisses d'une telle semaine chez... les Babyloniens. En revanche, ils n'ont pas adopté des noms de jours liés aux astres et se sont contentés de les numéroter sauf le dernier jour qui est jour de repos (<strong>sabbat</strong> ou <strong>shabbat</strong>) et qui correspond à notre samedi (du vendredi soir au samedi soir). Le sixième jour, lui, s'appelle <strong>parascève</strong> (préparation au sabbat). Quant au dimanche, c'est le premier jour de la semaine. Le jour civil commence, lui, à minuit.</p> <div class="u-table-wrapper"> <table data-title-fill class="o-table"> <thead class="o-table__head"> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <th class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Nom du jour</th> <th class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Signification</th> <th class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Français</th> </tr> </thead><tbody class="o-table__body"><tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Yom rishon</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jour 1</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Dimanche</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Yom sheni</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jour 2</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Lundi</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Yom shlishi</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jour 3</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Mardi</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Yom Revi'i</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jour 4</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Mercredi</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Yom chamishi</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jour 5</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jeudi</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Yom shishi</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jour 6</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">vendredi</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">shabbat</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jour du sabbat</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Samedi</td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <p class="o-p">Les saisons<span class="u-fine"> </span>: La <strong>Tékoufa</strong> (pluriel<span class="u-fine"> </span>: <strong>Tékoufot</strong>) correspond à un trimestre solaire de 91 jours 7,5 heures. Au nombre de quatre, les tékoufot portent le nom des mois auxquelles elles sont associées<span class="u-fine"> </span>: Tékoufa de tishri, Tékoufa de tebeth, Tékoufa de Nissan, Tékoufa de tammuz.</p> <p class="o-p">Comme dans tout calendrier lunaire, si on veut rester en phase avec l'année solaire comme c'était la volonté des Juifs, il faut rajouter un mois tous les trois ans environ. Le patriarche Hillel II s'est appuyé sur le cycle de Méton de 19 ans (à moins que ce ne soit encore une fois sur les babyloniens qui connaissaient déjà ce cycle) et place des années embolismiques (de 13 mois) aux rangs 3, 6, 8, 11, 14, 17 et 19 du cycle. Le mois supplémentaire, quand il est inséré à l'année l'est après Adar comme nous l'avons déjà vu et comporte 29 jours. L'ajout d'un mois supplémentaire à une année n'est donc plus lié à l'observation des céréales.</p> <p class="o-p">Quant aux autres mois, ils auront 29 ou 30 jours pour faire en sorte qu'une «<span class="u-fine"> </span>année moyenne<span class="u-fine"> </span>» contienne le nombre de jours de l'année solaire calculée. Ce serait facile et rapide à déterminer si la longueur de ces mois pouvait être fixée une bonne fois pour toutes.</p> <p class="o-p">Mais, malheureusement, le religieux va mettre son grain de sel dans la conception du calendrier «<span class="u-fine"> </span>nouveau<span class="u-fine"> </span>» et une de ses règles (nous les verrons toutes un peu plus loin) veut que les fêtes soient des sabbats (comme le samedi) et que deux sabbats ne peuvent être consécutifs. Du fait de ces règles, la nouvelle année (1 tishri) ne peut commencer un dimanche, un mercredi ou un vendredi. On se voit donc, de temps en temps, obligé d'augmenter une année de un jour (voire deux si on tient compte de toutes les règles) et de diminuer l'année qui précède du même nombre de jours. Cet impératif, ajouté au fait qu'il existe des années communes (12 mois) et des années embolismiques (13 mois), fait que le calendrier juif comporte six espèces d'années.</p> <p class="o-p">Sachant que si on doit ajouter un jour à une année ce sera à la fin du mois heshvan et que si on doit en enlever un ce sera au mois kislev, on peut fixer la règle suivante de dénomination<span class="u-fine"> </span>: Si heshvan et kislev comportent 30 jours, l'année sera dite <em>Abondante</em> (shelema)<span class="u-fine"> </span>; Si heshvan comporte 29 jours et kislev 30 jours, l'année sera dite <em>régulière</em> (sedura)<span class="u-fine"> </span>; Si heshvan et kislev comptent toutes deux 29 jours, l'année sera dite <em>défective</em> (hasera). Quant à adar, il aura 29 jours les années communes et 30 jours les années embolismiques. Ouf<span class="u-fine"> </span>!!</p> <p class="o-p">On peut maintenant fixer un tableau des six types d'années du calendrier juif et de la longueur des mois de ces années<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</p> <div class="u-table-wrapper"> <table class="o-table u-table-mobile o-table--compact" class="o-table"> <thead class="o-table__head"> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <th colspan="2" rowspan="2" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th"><span style="color:blue">Bleu</span> = longueur variable</th> <th colspan="6" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Années</th> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <th colspan="3" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Communes</th> <th colspan="3" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Embolismiques</th> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <th width="17%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Mois</th> <th width="14%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Grégorien</th> <th width="12%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">défective</th> <th width="10%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">régulière</th> <th width="12%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">abondante</th> <th width="11%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">défective</th> <th width="10%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">régulière</th> <th width="14%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">abondante</th> </tr> </thead><tbody class="o-table__body"><tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">tishri</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">sept-oct</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td style="color:blue" width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">heshvan</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">oct-nov</td> <td style="color:blue" width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td style="color:blue" width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td style="color:blue" width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">kislev</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">nov-déc</td> <td style="color:blue" width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td style="color:blue" width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td style="color:blue" width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td style="color:blue" width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">tebeth</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">déc-janv</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">shebat</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">janv-fév</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td style="color:blue" width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">adar</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">fév-mars</td> <td style="color:blue" width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td style="color:blue" width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td style="color:blue" width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td style="color:blue" width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">veadar</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td"> </td> <td style="color:blue" width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">0</td> <td style="color:blue" width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">0</td> <td style="color:blue" width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">0</td> <td style="color:blue" width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td style="color:blue" width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">nisan</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">mars-avril</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">iyyar</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">avril-mai</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">sivan</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">mai-juin</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">tammuz</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">juin-juil</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">ab</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">juil-août</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">30</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">ellul</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">août-sept</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">29</td> </tr> <tr style="font-weight: bold" class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="17%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Total jours</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td"> </td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">353</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">354</td> <td width="12%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">355</td> <td width="11%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">383</td> <td width="10%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">384</td> <td width="14%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">385</td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <p class="o-p">Après ce gros effort d'assimilation des six types d'années, nous avons bien mérité un petit intermède<span class="u-fine"> </span>: les calendriers juifs suivent une convention qui consiste à décrire une année par son «<span class="u-fine"> </span>caractère<span class="u-fine"> </span>» (qevi'a) qui comprend trois lettres hébraïques. La première donne le jour qui commence l'année, la seconde indique la longueur de l'année (H pour Haser<span class="u-fine"> </span>: défective<span class="u-fine"> </span>; K pour Kesidra<span class="u-fine"> </span>: régulière<span class="u-fine"> </span>; S pour Shalem<span class="u-fine"> </span>: abondante), la troisième le jour où la Pâque a lieu. Un exemple<span class="u-fine"> </span>: 2H5 signifie que la nouvelle année commence le second jour (2), que l'année est défective (H=hasera) et que la Pâque est le cinquième jour (5). Il y a deux sept possibilités pour les années communes (2H3,2S5,3K5,5K7,5S1,7H1,7S3) et sept pour les années embolismiques (2S7,2H5,3K7,5H1,5S3,7H3,7S5).</p> <p class="o-p">Du fait des décalages du début de l'année, le molad (nouvelle lune la plus proche de l'équinoxe d'automne) qui correspond au début de la première lunaison théorique de la lune ne commence pas forcément avec le début de l'année. C'est la nature de ce molad qui va, après application des règles de Hillel, déterminer la nature et le début de l'année.</p> <p class="o-p">Le patriarche Hillel II a indexé le calendrier juif sur une lune théorique dont il estimait la lunaison moyenne à 29 jours 12 heures 793 halakim (29,530 594 136 jours) soit une année moyenne (compte tenu des années embolismiques) de 365, 246 822 205 977 907 jours contre 365,2425 jours pour l'année grégorienne (ou l'année tropique). la différence est donc d'environ un jour tous les 230 ans.</p> <p class="o-p">Pour établir son «<span class="u-fine"> </span>calendrier perpétuel<span class="u-fine"> </span>» Hillel II a dû fixer deux choses<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</p> <p class="o-p">1) La date de la première lune fictive et donc le début de l'ère<span class="u-fine"> </span>: c'est l'<strong>ère</strong> rabbinique <strong>de la création du monde</strong> ou ère des Juifs (Symbolisée par les lettres <strong>A.M.</strong> (Anno Mundi) ou <strong>lizira.</strong> Le début de cette ère serait le dimanche 6 octobre -3760 (date julienne).</p> <p class="o-p">2) Le premier molad (<strong>Molad-Tohu</strong>) qui a été fixé à <strong>2-5-204</strong>. Traduisons<span class="u-fine"> </span>: le premier chiffre correspond au jour (1=dimanche)<span class="u-fine"> </span>; Le deuxième correspond à l'heure et le troisième au nombre d'halakims. Le molad-tohu de l'ère de la création du monde a donc été fixé à Lundi 5 heures 204 scrupules (ou halakim).</p> <p class="o-p">Partant de là, il est possible de calculer le molad de n'importe quelle année, d'appliquer les règles (Dehiot) fixées par Hillel et de déterminer la date réelle de début de n'importe quelle année (Rosh Hashana).</p> <p class="o-p">Avant d'appliquer tout ce que nous venons de voir à un exemple, prenons connaissance des fameuses règles édictées par Hillel II. Elles sont au nombre de quatre en ce qui concerne le calendrier.</p> <p class="o-p">Petite convention d'écriture (rien à voir avec Hillel)<span class="u-fine"> </span>: p = scrupule ou halakim (1/1080 ème d'heure)</p> <p class="o-p"><strong>Règle 1<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> si le molad tombe un dimanche, mercredi ou vendredi, le début de l'année est retardé d'un jour. Cette règle évite de fêter <em>Hoshana rabba</em> (21 tishri) un jour de sabbat et <em>Yom Kippour</em> (10 tishri) un jour avant ou après le sabbat.</p> <p class="o-p"><strong>Règle 2<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> si molad de tishri survient à partir de l'instant 18h 0p, on décale de un jour. On applique ensuite, s'il le faut, la règle 1. Cette règle évite d'avoir des mois de 31 jours.</p> <p class="o-p"><strong>Règle 3<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> durant les années communes, si moald tombe un mardi à partir de 9h 204p, on le reporte au jeudi. Cette règle évite d'avoir une année commune de plus de 355 jours.</p> <p class="o-p"><strong>Règle 4<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> durant une année suivant une année embolismique, si le molad tombe un lundi à partir de 15h 589p, on le décale d'un jour. Cette règle évite d'avoir une année embolismique de moins de 383 jours.</p> <p class="o-p">Maintenant, un petit exemple pour déterminer le jour du premier tishri d'une année et le nombre de jours de cette année sans faire appel à des conversions dans un autre calendrier.</p> <p class="o-p">Nous allons prendre l'année 5764 (qui, pour information, correspond à 2003 dans le système grégorien).</p> <p class="o-p">Souvenons-nous de quelques valeurs qui vont nous aider dans nos calculs<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</p> <ol class="o-list o-list--ordered"> <li class="o-list__item">Une lunaison correspond à 29j 12h 793p (déjà vu plus haut)</li> <li class="o-list__item">Douze mois lunaires correspondent à 354j 8h 876p</li> <li class="o-list__item">Treize mois lunaires correspondent à 383j 21h 589p</li> <li class="o-list__item">Un cycle de Méton correspond à 6939j 16h 595p</li> </ol> <h4 class="o-h4">Déterminons d'abord le jour de Rosh Hashana (début d'année) de 5764</h4> <p class="o-p">Au début de 5764, il s'est écoulé 303 cycles de 19 ans et il s'est écoulé 6 années du 304e cycle.<br /> Sur ces 6 années, 4 ont été «<span class="u-fine"> </span>communes<span class="u-fine"> </span>» et 2 embolismiques (3 et 6).</p> <p class="o-p">Depuis l'origine, il s'est donc écoulé<span class="u-fine"> </span>:<br /> <code class="o-code o-code--inline">303 * (3939j 16h 595p) + 4 * (354j 8h 876p) + 2 * (383j 21h 589p) soit 2104699j 4922h 184967p</code></p> <p class="o-p">À cet intervalle, il faut ajouter la date de la première nouvelle lune pour obtenir la date de la première nouvelle lune de 5764<span class="u-fine"> </span>:<br /> <code class="o-code o-code--inline">2104699j 4922h 184967p + 2j 5h 204p = 2104701j 4927h 185171p ce qui donne 2104913j 10h 491p</code></p> <p class="o-p">Le modulo 7 de 2104913 donnant 6, l'année devrait commencer le sixième jour de la semaine qui est un vendredi.</p> <p class="o-p">Appliquons maintenant les règles de Hillel II<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</p> <ul class="o-list"> <li class="o-list__item"> <strong>Règle 1<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> applicable. Le début de l'année passe à samedi</li> <li class="o-list__item"> <strong>Règle 2<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> non applicable. La nouvelle lune tombe, en effet, à 10h</li> <li class="o-list__item"> <strong>Règle 3<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> non applicable. La nouvelle lune ne tombe pas un mardi. Peu importe l'heure.</li> <li class="o-list__item"> <strong>Règle 4<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> non applicable. L'année 5764 tombe bien après une année embolismique, mais la nouvelle lune ne tombe pas un lundi.</li> </ul> <p class="o-p">Le premier jour de l'année 5794 sera donc un samedi soit le jour <code class="o-code o-code--inline">2104913 + 1 = 2104914</code></p> <h4 class="o-h4">Déterminons maintenant le nombre de jours de l'année 5764</h4> <p class="o-p">Nous allons tout simplement définir de début de l'année 5765 et compter le nombre de jours entre 5765 et 5764.</p> <p class="o-p">Je passe les calculs intermédiaires et trouve la date de la première nouvelle lune à 2105267j 19h 287p<br /> Le modulo 7 de 2105267 donnant 3, l'année devrait commencer le troisième jour de la semaine qui est un mardi.</p> <p class="o-p">Je trouve aussi que la règle 2 de Hillel II est applicable<span class="u-fine"> </span>: la nouvelle lune tombe à 19h et donc après 18h.<br /> L'année devrait donc commencer un mercredi.<br /> Mais il faut que j'applique maintenant la règle 1 et repousser encore d'un jour.</p> <p class="o-p">Le premier jour de l'année 5795 sera donc un jeudi soit le jour <code class="o-code o-code--inline">2105267 + 2 = 2105269</code></p> <p class="o-p">Entre le début de l'année 5795 et le début de l'année 5794, il se sera donc écoulé <code class="o-code o-code--inline">2105269 - 2104914 = 355 jours.</code></p> <p class="o-p">L'année 5794 sera donc une année commune et abondante.</p> <p class="o-p">Facile, non<span class="u-fine"> </span>?</p> <p class="o-p">Attention quand même au piège<span class="u-fine"> </span>: ce n'est pas l'application de le règle 3 pour l'année 5795 qui m'a fait passer du mardi au jeudi (cette règle n'est pas applicable puisque l'année est embolismique), mais bien l'application successive des règles 2 puis 1.</p> <p class="o-p">Avant d'en terminer avec le calendrier juif, nous allons voir rapidement les différentes fêtes de ce calendrier, les références bibliques à ses différentes composantes et nous terminerons par quelques mots sur le calendrier essénien.</p> <h2 class="o-h2">Les fêtes du calendrier israélite</h2> <p class="o-p">Ces fêtes sont fixes puisqu'elles sont liées au même quantième du mois. À noter que, dans les années embolismiques, les fêtes religieuses d'adar (13,14,15) ont lieu aux mêmes dates en véadar. Pour préciser les choses, le mois supplémentaire précède le mois habituel de adar qui devient alors adar II ou veadar.</p> <p class="o-p">Notons également que certaines fêtes sont déplacées si elle tombe le jour du Sabbat (samedi).</p> <div class="u-table-wrapper"> <table class="o-table u-table-mobile o-table--compact" class="o-table"> <thead class="o-table__head"> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <th width="15%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Date</th> <th width="21%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Nom</th> <th width="64%" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Commentaires</th> </tr> </thead><tbody class="o-table__body"><tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td height="27" width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1 - 2 Tishri</td> <td height="27" width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Rosh-Haschana</td> <td height="27" width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Nouvel an. Célébré 1 ou 2 jours (selon que le mois précédent compte 29 ou 30 jours) avec interruption des travaux.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3 Tishri</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Guedaliah</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jeûne en ma mémoire d'un saint homme. Fixée au 4 si le mois commence par un jeudi.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">10 Tishri</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Yom Kippour</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Fête du pardon. Journée la plus solennelle de l'année juive. Commence le 9 à 6h du soir.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">15-21 Tishri</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Soukoth</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Fêtes des Tabernacles</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">21 Tishri</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Hoschana Rabba</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jour du décret du Jugement</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">22 Tishri</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Schemini Atsereth</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Fête de l'intimité des juifs avec Dieu</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">23 Tishri</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Simha Torah</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Fête de la Loi</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">25 Kislev</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Hanouka</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Victoire des Maccabés sur les persécutions grecques</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">10 Tebeth</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Assara be Tebeth</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jeûne. Début du siège de Jérusalem par Nabuchodonosor</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">13 Adar</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Ta'anit Esther</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jeûne d'Esther. Si le 13 Adar est sabbat, le fête est fixée au 11.</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">14 Adar</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Purim</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Fête de la victoire sur les oppresseurs</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">15 Adar</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Sûsan Purim</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Purim est célébré le 15 et non le 14 dans les villes entourées de murailles</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">15-22 Nissan</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Pessah</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Sortie d'Égypte</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">16 Nissan<br /> 5 Sivan</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Omer</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">intervalle entre la sortie d'Égypte et le don de la Torah</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">18 Iyyar</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Lag baomer</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td"><sup></sup> <sup></sup> 33<sup>e</sup>jour de l'Omer</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">6 Sivan</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Schebouoth</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Don de la Torah</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">17 Tammuz</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Tsom Tammuz</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jeûne de la chute des murs de Jérusalem en 70</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td width="15%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">9 Ab</td> <td width="21%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Tisha be Ab</td> <td width="64%" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Jeûne du double anniversaire de la destruction des 2 premiers temples. Fête reportée au 10 si le 9 est sabbat.</td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <h2 class="o-h2">Les références bibliques au calendrier</h2> <p class="o-p">Quelques références succinctes. Elles concernent les composantes du calendrier, mais pas les fêtes. De plus, je n'ai mis que la référence le plus significative pour chaque composante.</p> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--main">Des signes pour marquer les jours, les saisons et les années</h3> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>Genèse 1<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong><br /> 14. Et Dieu dit<span class="u-fine"> </span>: Qu'il y ait des luminaires dans l'étendue des cieux pour séparer le jour d'avec la nuit, et qu'ils soient pour signes et pour saisons [déterminées] et pour jours et pour années<span class="u-fine"> </span>;<br /> 15. et qu'ils soient pour luminaires dans l'étendue des cieux pour donner de la lumière sur la terre. Et il fut ainsi.<br /> 16. Et Dieu fit les deux grands luminaires, le grand luminaire pour dominer sur le jour, et le petit luminaire pour dominer sur la nuit<span class="u-fine"> </span>; et les étoiles.</p> </blockquote> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--main">Le jour biblique commence à la tombée de la nuit</h3> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>Genèse 1:5<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong><br /> Et Dieu appela la lumière Jour<span class="u-fine"> </span>; et les ténèbres, il les appela Nuit. Et il y eut soir, et il y eut matin<span class="u-fine"> </span>: - premier jour</p> </blockquote> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--main">La semaine de sept jours se termine par le sabbat</h3> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>Genèse 2<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong><br /> 1. Et les cieux et la terre furent achevés, et toute leur armée*.<br /> 2. Et Dieu eut achevé au septième jour son oeuvre qu'il fit<span class="u-fine"> </span>; et il se reposa au septième jour de toute son oeuvre qu'il fit.<br /> 3. Et Dieu bénit le septième jour, et le sanctifia<span class="u-fine"> </span>; car en ce jour* il se reposa de toute son oeuvre que Dieu créa en la faisant.</p> </blockquote> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>Lévitique 23<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong><br /> 3. Six jours on travaillera<span class="u-fine"> </span>; et le septième jour est un sabbat de repos, une sainte convocation<span class="u-fine"> </span>; vous ne ferez aucune oeuvre<span class="u-fine"> </span>: c'est un sabbat [consacré] à l'Éternel dans toutes vos habitations.</p> </blockquote> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--main">Noms des mois avant la captivité babylonienne</h3> <p class="o-p">Premier mois<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</p> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>Exode 13:4<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> Vous sortez aujourd'hui, au mois d'Abib.</p> </blockquote> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>1 Rois 6<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> Et il arriva, en la quatre cent quatre-vingtième année après la sortie des fils d'Israël du pays d'Égypte, en la quatrième année du règne de Salomon sur Israël, au mois de Ziv, qui est le second mois, que [Salomon] bâtit la maison de l'Éternel.</p> </blockquote> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>1 Rois 8:2<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> Et tous les hommes d'Israël s'assemblèrent vers le roi Salomon, à la fête, au mois d'Éthanim, qui est le septième mois.</p> </blockquote> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>1 Rois 6:38<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> et la onzième année, au mois de Bul, qui est le huitième mois, la maison fut achevée dans toutes ses parties et selon toute l'ordonnance à son égard. Et [Salomon] la bâtit en sept ans.</p> </blockquote> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--main">Douze mois dans une année</h3> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>1 Rois 4:7<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> Et Salomon avait douze intendants sur tout Israël, et ils pourvoyaient à l'entretien du roi et de sa maison<span class="u-fine"> </span>; chacun était tenu de pourvoir à cet entretien un mois dans l'année.</p> </blockquote> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>Esther 3:7<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> Au premier mois, qui est le mois de Nisan, la douzième année du roi Assuérus, on jeta le pur, c'est-à-dire le sort, devant Haman, pour chaque jour et pour chaque mois jusqu'au douzième [mois], qui est le mois d'Adar.</p> </blockquote> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--main">La chronologie avant l'ère de la création</h3> <blockquote class="o-quote"> <p class="o-p"><strong>Esther 3:7<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</strong> Au premier mois, qui est le mois de Nisan, la douzième année du roi Assuérus, on jeta le pur, c'est-à-dire le sort, devant Haman, pour chaque jour et pour chaque mois jusqu'au douzième [mois], qui est le mois d'Adar.</p> </blockquote> <h2 class="o-h2">Le calendrier essénien</h2> <p class="o-p">Mon idée première était de parler ici du calendrier essénien tel que décrit dans les manuscrits découverts à Qumran près de la mer Morte.</p> <p class="o-p">Après étude des documents, j'ai trouvé qu'ils méritaient une page entière. J'ai donc rajouté le calendrier essénien à la liste des calendriers étudiés et vous pouvez lire cette étude <a href="/calendriers-saga/calendriers/essenien/" >ici</a>.</p> <h2 class="o-h2">Le calendrier de Gezer</h2> <p class="o-p">Nous ne pouvons pas terminer cette étude du calendrier hébreu sans évoquer le plus ancien d'entre eux découvert à ce jour et qu'on connaît sous le nom de calendrier de Gezer.</p> <p class="o-p">Son nom lui vient de l'endroit où il a été découvert en 1908 par l'archéologue irlandais <strong>R.A.S. Macalister</strong><span class="u-fine"> </span>: le site archéologique de Gezer connu sous le nom arabe de <em>Tell el-Jazari</em>.</p> <div class="o-pics"> <div class="o-pic"> <figure> <picture class="o-pic__illu"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_G_408_2.webp 1x, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_G_408_4.webp 1x" type="image/webp"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_G_408_1.jpg 1x, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_G_408_3.jpg 1x" type="image/jpeg"> <img src="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_G_408_1.jpg" alt="" class="o-pic__img u-noalign o-pic__img--ld o-pic__img--natural" loading="lazy" /> </picture> </figure> </div> <div class="o-pic"> <figure> <picture class="o-pic__illu"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_D_409_2.webp 1x, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_D_409_4.webp 1x" type="image/webp"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_D_409_1.jpg 1x, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_D_409_3.jpg 1x" type="image/jpeg"> <img src="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/GEZ_D_409_1.jpg" alt="" class="o-pic__img u-noalign o-pic__img--ld o-pic__img--natural" loading="lazy" /> </picture> </figure> </div> </div> <p class="o-p">C'est à Gezer, à mi-chemin entre Tel-Aviv et Jérusalem que fut découvert le calendrier en 1908.</p> <p class="o-p">Ce «<span class="u-fine"> </span>calendrier<span class="u-fine"> </span>» est gravé sur une pierre calcaire de 11,1 centimètres de long sur 7,2 centimètres de large.</p> <p class="o-p">Gravé en hébreu biblique, Il daterait de 950 av. J.-C. et donc du temps du roi Salomon.</p> <div class="o-pics"> <div class="o-pic"> <figure> <picture class="o-pic__illu"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_2.webp 1547w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_4.webp 1032w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_6.webp 733w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_8.webp 1467w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_10.webp 550w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_12.webp 1100w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_14.webp 1651w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_16.webp 413w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_18.webp 825w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_20.webp 223w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_22.webp 446w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_24.webp 202w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_26.webp 404w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_28.webp 172w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_30.webp 1864w" type="image/webp" sizes="96vw"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_1.jpg 1547w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_3.jpg 1032w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_5.jpg 733w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_7.jpg 1467w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_9.jpg 550w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_11.jpg 1100w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_13.jpg 1651w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_15.jpg 413w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_17.jpg 825w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_19.jpg 223w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_21.jpg 446w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_23.jpg 202w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_25.jpg 404w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_27.jpg 172w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_29.jpg 1864w" type="image/jpeg" sizes="96vw"> <img src="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_O_410_9.jpg" alt="Réplique du calendrier de Geser, musée d'Israël à Jérusalem" class="o-pic__img o-pic__img--portrait" loading="lazy" /> </picture> <figcaption class="o-pic__legend">Réplique du calendrier de Geser, musée d'Israël à Jérusalem <span class="o-pic__credits">Yoavd / GFDL, via Wikimedia Commons</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="o-pic"> <figure> <picture class="o-pic__illu"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_2.webp 1080w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_4.webp 768w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_6.webp 576w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_8.webp 1152w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_10.webp 432w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_12.webp 864w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_14.webp 233w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_16.webp 467w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_18.webp 212w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_20.webp 423w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_22.webp 180w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_24.webp 1500w" type="image/webp" sizes="96vw"> <source srcset="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_1.png 1080w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_3.png 768w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_5.png 576w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_9.png 432w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_11.png 864w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_13.png 233w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_15.png 467w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_17.png 212w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_19.png 423w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_21.png 180w, /m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_23.png 1500w" type="image/png" sizes="96vw"> <img src="/m/calendriers-saga/calendriers/juif-hebraique/CG_D_411_5.png" alt="Schéma du calendrier de Gezer avec les numéros de ligne" class="o-pic__img o-pic__img--portrait" loading="lazy" /> </picture> <figcaption class="o-pic__legend">Schéma du calendrier de Gezer avec les numéros de ligne <span class="o-pic__credits">© biblia.co.il</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <p class="o-p">Gravé sur une pierre calcaire, le calendrier comporte 8 lignes de caractères en hébreu biblique. Elle se trouve actuellement au musée archéologique d'Istamboul (Turquie)</p> <p class="o-p">Comme on peut le voir sur les images ci-dessus, ce calendrier comporte 8 lignes qui évoquent les tâches agricoles suivant les mois de l'année.</p> <p class="o-p">La traduction des lignes est la suivante<span class="u-fine"> </span>:</p> <div class="u-table-wrapper"> <table data-title-fill class="o-table"> <thead class="o-table__head"> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <th class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Ligne</th> <th class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Traduction (selon W.F. Albright)</th> <th class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th" class="o-table__th">Mois correspondants</th> </tr> </thead><tbody class="o-table__body"><tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">2 mois de récolte (<em>des olives<span class="u-fine"> </span>?</em>)</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Août - Septembre</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">2</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">2 mois de plantation</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Octobre - Novembre</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">3</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">2 mois de plantation tardive</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Décembre - Janvier</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">4</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1 mois de binage du lin</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Février</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">5</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1 mois de récolte de l'orge</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Mars</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">6</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1 mois de moisson et de fête</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Avril</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">7</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">2 mois de taille de la vigne</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Mai - Juin</td> </tr> <tr class="o-table__tr" class="o-table__tr"> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">8</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">1 mois de fruits d'été + signature</td> <td class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td" class="o-table__td">Juillet</td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <p class="o-p">Cette pierre conserve encore une partie de son mystère puisqu'on se perd en hypothèses sur son auteur et sa destination.</p> <p class="o-p">Certains pensent à un exercice d'écolier en s'appuyant sur le tracé grossier des caractères. D'autres penchent vers un pensum pour la collecte des taxes fermières. Enfin, certains avancent qu'il s'agissait des paroles d'une chanson populaire.</p> <p class="o-p">Bref, chacun peut choisir la version qui lui convient... ou en trouver une autre.</p> </main> <aside> <h3 class="o-h3 o-h3--aside">À ne pas manquer</h3> <nav class="o-menu c-sidemenu"> <ul class="c-sidemenu__list"> <li class="c-sidemenu__item "> <a href="/changement-heure" class="c-sidemenu__link">Heure d'été - Heure d'hiver</a> </li> <li class="c-sidemenu__item "> <a href="/annees-bissextiles" class="c-sidemenu__link">Les années bissextiles</a> </li> <li class="c-sidemenu__item "> <a href="/saisons" class="c-sidemenu__link">Saisons de l'année</a> </li> <li class="c-sidemenu__item "> <a href="/historique-calendriers" class="c-sidemenu__link">Histoire des calendriers</a> </li> <li class="c-sidemenu__item "> <a href="/signes-astrologiques" class="c-sidemenu__link">Signes astrologiques</a> </li> <li class="c-sidemenu__item is-active "> <a href="/calendriers-saga/" 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