CINXE.COM

Subscribe to Interesting Engineering's IE+ Membership

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><link rel="preload" href="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/media/a34f9d1faa5f3315-s.p.woff2" as="font" crossorigin="" type="font/woff2"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="https://interestingengineering.com/img/logo.svg" fetchPriority="high"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="/img/subscribe/bf-sub-image.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="../img/subscribe/subscribe-ads-free-feature.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="../img/subscribe/sparkles.svg"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="../img/subscribe/subscribe-newsletter-feature.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="../img/subscribe/subscribe-discount-feature.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="../img/subscribe/subscribe-audio-article-feature.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="../img/subscribe/subscribe-exlusive-video.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="../img/subscribe/subscribe-app-games-feature.png"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="../img/subscribe/subscribe-digital-passes-feature.png"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/22db0e48350782c7.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/4995d3afe56e65d3.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/5b580a7ebffd13c1.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/2ebcb3b455bf50e1.css" data-precedence="next"/><link rel="preload" as="script" fetchPriority="low" href="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-dfb406e79b8addd3.js"/><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/fd9d1056-c565c66aa5048194.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/2472-47765702373191de.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/main-app-fe8494148f0fcf10.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/3447-94edda3a54c8b950.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/2931-d82f39546b47f3f4.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/2173-915ab78849b3db85.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/6691-f652708f445c4f15.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/699-f02178258bb80146.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/3600-db656d5ef353e886.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/7105-c0564fff6073cee4.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/app/layout-f4884b1797a5fb0c.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/13b76428-6b30cc43e742e4a7.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/4453-8383c30e7e52fe7c.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/9997-e1b19d9fceddefaa.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/8681-279cc2180f3ba456.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/3570-2115dbf4521b34c0.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/9615-46fb736e3bca55cf.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/9212-416114feab18f184.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/5697-4343ff2e324a43e4.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/8021-e8b60eb3f7d363eb.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/4220-8f6dc85cf0e462ef.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/3294-8f6592ea716c0383.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/6060-794255bdad16c868.js" async=""></script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/app/subscribe/page-e5382aab9cdbfdb9.js" async=""></script><link rel="preload" as="image" href="/img/close-btn.svg"/><link rel="preload" as="image" href="/img/open-btn.svg"/><title>Subscribe to Interesting Engineering&#x27;s IE+ Membership</title><meta name="description" content="Subscribe to Interesting Engineering&#x27;s IE+ to get exclusive content, ad-free. Join IE+ now for premium newsletters, special discounts, and audio articles."/><link rel="manifest" href="/manifest.json"/><link rel="canonical" href="https://interestingengineering.com/subscribe"/><meta property="og:title" content="Subscribe to Interesting Engineering&#x27;s IE+ Membership"/><meta property="og:description" content="Subscribe to Interesting Engineering&#x27;s IE+ to get exclusive content, ad-free. Join IE+ now for premium newsletters, special discounts, and audio articles."/><meta property="og:url" content="https://interestingengineering.com/subscribe"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Interesting Engineering"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/subscribe-right-image.png"/><meta property="og:image:width" content="1080"/><meta property="og:image:height" content="608"/><meta property="og:image:type" content="png"/><meta property="og:type" content="article"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@IntEngineering"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Explore Interesting Engineering&#x27;s Weekly Newsletters"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="Subscribe to Interesting Engineering&#x27;s newsletters for the latest updates, articles, and insights about science, tech, and engineering delivered to your inbox."/><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/cover-image.png"/><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/apple-icon-57x57.png?v=14" sizes="57x57"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/apple-icon-60x60.png?v=14" sizes="60x60"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/apple-icon-72x72.png?v=14" sizes="72x72"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/apple-icon-76x76.png?v=14" sizes="76x76"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/apple-icon-114x114.png?v=14" sizes="114x114"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/apple-icon-120x120.png?v=14" sizes="120x120"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/apple-icon-144x144.png?v=14" sizes="144x144"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/apple-icon-152x152.png?v=14" sizes="152x152"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/icons/apple-icon-180x180.png?v=14" sizes="180x180"/><link rel="icon" href="/icons/android-icon-192x192.png?v=14" type="image/png" sizes="192x192"/><link rel="icon" href="/icons/favicon-32x32.png?v=14" type="image/png" sizes="32x32"/><link rel="icon" href="/icons/favicon-96x96.png?v=14" type="image/png" sizes="96x96"/><link rel="icon" href="/icons/favicon-16x16.png?v=14" type="image/png" sizes="16x16"/><meta name="next-size-adjust"/><meta property="fb:pages" content="139188202817559"/><meta property="fb:app_id" content="467815213795758"/><script id="adtEmail">!function(){'use strict';var e=window.location.search.substring(1).split('&');const t=e=>e.replace(/\s/g,''),o=e=>new Promise((t=>{if(!('msCrypto'in window)&&'https:'===location.protocol&&'crypto'in window&&'TextEncoder'in window){const o=(new TextEncoder).encode(e);crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-256',o).then((e=>{const o=Array.from(new Uint8Array(e)).map((e=>('00'+e.toString(16)).slice(-2))).join('');t(o)}))}else t('')}));for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++){var r='adt_ei',i=decodeURIComponent(e[n]);if(0===i.indexOf(r)){var a=i.split(r+'=')[1];if((e=>{const t=e.match(/((?=([a-zA-Z0-9._!#$%+^&*()[\]<>-]+))\2@[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+\.[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+)/gi);return t?t[0]:''})(t(a.toLowerCase()))){o(a).then((t=>{t.length&&(localStorage.setItem(r,t),localStorage.setItem('adt_emsrc','url'),e.splice(n,1),history.replaceState(null,'','?'+e.join('&')))}));break}}}}(); </script><script> (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WKW2TKP'); </script><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-c67a75d1b6f99dc8.js" noModule=""></script></head><body class="min-h-screen bg-background font-sans antialiased __variable_7a4a9c"><noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WKW2TKP" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript><script>!function(){try{var d=document.documentElement,n='data-theme',s='setAttribute';var e=localStorage.getItem('theme');if('system'===e||(!e&&false)){var t='(prefers-color-scheme: dark)',m=window.matchMedia(t);if(m.media!==t||m.matches){d.style.colorScheme = 'dark';d[s](n,'dark')}else{d.style.colorScheme = 'light';d[s](n,'light')}}else if(e){d[s](n,e|| '')}else{d[s](n,'light')}if(e==='light'||e==='dark'||!e)d.style.colorScheme=e||'light'}catch(e){}}()</script><nav class="t-w-full t-fixed t-z-[99999] t-top-0 t-left-0 t-h-[55px] t-flex t-items-center t-px-4 md:t-px-[120px] md:t-justify-between" style="background-color:var(--main-color)"><div class="t-flex-none max-md:t-max-w-[90px] md:t-min-w-48 max-md:t-pr-3"><svg class="t-cursor-pointer" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="22" height="17" viewBox="0 0 22 17" fill="none"><path d="M1 1H21" stroke="white" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round"></path><path d="M1 9H21" stroke="white" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round"></path><path d="M1 16H21" stroke="white" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg></div><div class=""><a href="/"><img title="Interesting Engineering Logo" alt="Interesting Engineering" fetchPriority="high" width="120" height="34" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="t-w-[120px] max-md:t-w-[90px]" style="color:transparent" src="https://interestingengineering.com/img/logo.svg"/> </a></div><div class="max-md:t-grow t-text-right t-gap-1 t-items-center md:t-min-w-48 t-flex t-justify-end" style="text-align:end"></div></nav><nav class="t-hidden md:t-flex t-w-full t-justify-center t-z-[9999] t-py-0 t-bg-surface-fourth border-b-white subNavigation_borderBottom__BcA_h" style="margin-top:55px"><ul class="t-flex t-gap-x-[72px] t-items-center subNavigation_responsiveGap__j1yb_ "><li class="t-flex t-text-text-secondary t-gap-x-1 button-mid-medium t-p-1"> <a title="News" href="/news">NEWS</a></li><li class="t-flex t-text-text-secondary t-gap-x-1 button-mid-medium t-p-1" style="padding-top:5px">IE PRO <svg style="margin-top:1px" width="20" height="17" viewBox="0 0 20 17" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M10.4497 4.50362C10.5852 4.67623 10.8243 4.72819 11.0192 4.62742L12.8952 3.65765C13.2221 3.48866 13.6045 3.7555 13.5587 4.12064L12.9431 9.0283C12.9144 9.25698 12.72 9.42855 12.4895 9.42855H6.99738H7.00295H1.51078C1.28031 9.42855 1.08588 9.25698 1.05719 9.0283L0.441604 4.12064C0.395804 3.7555 0.778215 3.48866 1.10512 3.65765L2.98006 4.62688C3.17546 4.7279 3.4151 4.67542 3.55041 4.502L6.62941 0.555719C6.81208 0.321589 7.16601 0.321055 7.34939 0.554632L10.4497 4.50362Z" fill="#A24DBF"></path></svg></li><li class="t-flex t-text-text-secondary t-gap-x-1 button-mid-medium t-p-1"><a title="Newsletters" href="/newsletters">NEWSLETTERS</a></li><li class="t-flex t-text-text-secondary t-gap-x-1 button-mid-medium t-p-1"><a title="IE Academy" href="/ie-academy">IE ACADEMY</a></li><li class="t-flex t-text-text-secondary t-gap-x-1 button-mid-medium t-p-1"><a title="Podcasts" href="/podcast/lexicon">PODCASTS</a></li><li class="t-flex t-text-text-secondary t-gap-x-1 button-mid-medium t-p-1"><a title="Shop" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://shop.interestingengineering.com" target="_blank">SHOP</a></li><li class="t-flex t-text-text-secondary t-gap-x-1 button-mid-medium t-p-1"><a title="Jobs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://jobs.interestingengineering.com">JOBS</a></li></ul></nav><div class=" t-w-1"></div><div class="md:t-min-h-[calc(100vh-350px)]"><main style="margin-top:25px"><div class="Subscription_subscriptionContainer__QYlcg"><div class="Subscription_subscriptionMainBlock__c21vv Subscription_subscriptionMainBlockNew__m4qQ_"><div class="Subscription_subscriptionContent__h6ije Subscription_subscriptionContentWrap__yV60H"><div class="t-bg-surface-primary t-flex t-flex-col md:t-mt-2 t-w-full t-justify-center t-gap-4 md:t-gap-6 t-pb-6 md:t-pb-[30px] Subscription_subscriptionLeftContent__Z2saH "><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-max-w-full t-w-[1151px] md:t-p-[10px] t-gap-4 md:t-gap-12 t-self-center md:t-flex-row t-px-4 Subscription_justifyCenter___v_Cx"><div class="col-6"><div class="Subscription_subscribeLeftSection__IyVOr"><div class="Subscription_subscribeHeadingFrame__XLXYv subscribe-heading-frame"><h2 class="t-text-center t-font-inter"><b>IE+ </b>Subscription Plans</h2><p class="t-font-inter">Invest in science and engineering</p><div class="md:t-w-[100%] t-w-full"><div class="nav-custom subscription-tab-wrap Subscription_subscribeTabs__Govuk Subscription_subscribeTabNav__14dDC nav nav-pills" role="tablist"><div class="Subscription_subscribeTabsWrap__tI54p"><div class="nav-item"><a href="#" role="tab" data-rb-event-key="personal" aria-selected="true" class="t-font-inter active-tab nav-link active">Personal</a></div><div class="nav-item"><a href="#" role="tab" data-rb-event-key="enterprise" aria-selected="false" class="t-font-inter nav-link">Enterprise</a></div></div></div><div class="Subscription_subscribeContent__6Ljt3 tab-content"><div role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="false" class="fade tab-pane active show"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subscriptionWidgetBlock__lG_3N SubscriptionWidget_subscriptionWidgetWrap__Mx1Ox "><div class="container SubscriptionModal_containerPadding__RHm3N"><div class="justify-content-md-center row"><div data-id="k6cm" id="planid-k6cm" class="col-12 col-lg-3 col-sm-6 col-md-6 SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxPadding__d_GIR SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxContainer__6Fv33"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_planBoxW__iMnNu SubscriptionWidget_planBoxWWrap__L12jB SubscriptionWidget_subsBox__69_de "><svg class="SubscriptionWidget_limitedBadge__ug_y7" width="78" height="73" viewBox="0 0 78 73" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M68.3003 3.33815L58.6553 11.598L68.2067 17.9759L77.8517 9.71612L69.0573 9.96872L68.3003 3.33815Z" fill="#EA8C00"></path><path d="M9.54392 69.3032L19.4121 61.1952L10.0203 54.6833L0.152124 62.7913L8.95977 62.6689L9.54392 69.3032Z" fill="#EA8C00"></path><path d="M11.8608 57.4512C8.51824 53.0546 9.33153 46.7276 13.6773 43.3194L52.1379 13.1559C56.4837 9.74765 62.7163 10.5488 66.0588 14.9453L71.0495 21.5098L16.8515 64.0157L11.8608 57.4512Z" fill="#FF9900"></path><path d="M24.6299 52.39L19.7882 46.0215L20.7379 45.2766L24.9508 50.818L27.8032 48.5809L28.4321 49.4081L24.6299 52.39ZM25.6236 41.445L30.4653 47.8134L29.5156 48.5583L24.6738 42.1898L25.6236 41.445ZM27.0068 40.3602L28.1594 39.4562L33.9272 42.835L34.0009 42.7771L32.2413 36.2549L33.394 35.3509L38.2357 41.7194L37.332 42.4281L33.8284 37.8197L33.77 37.8655L35.41 43.9206L34.66 44.5088L29.3046 41.3626L29.2462 41.4084L32.7522 46.0199L31.8485 46.7287L27.0068 40.3602ZM35.7246 33.5231L40.5663 39.8916L39.6165 40.6364L34.7748 34.2679L35.7246 33.5231ZM37.4262 33.5089L36.7973 32.6818L41.6692 28.8609L42.298 29.6881L40.3339 31.2285L44.5468 36.7698L43.6001 37.5123L39.3872 31.9709L37.4262 33.5089ZM47.5875 34.3851L42.7457 28.0166L46.6924 24.9214L47.3212 25.7485L44.3244 28.0989L45.7996 30.0393L48.5905 27.8504L49.217 28.6745L46.4261 30.8633L47.9084 32.8131L50.9421 30.4338L51.571 31.2609L47.5875 34.3851ZM54.8407 28.6966L52.8028 30.2949L47.9611 23.9264L50.0635 22.2775C50.6803 21.7938 51.3069 21.5059 51.9434 21.4137C52.5783 21.3195 53.194 21.4174 53.7906 21.7073C54.3876 21.9935 54.9375 22.4673 55.4403 23.1286C55.9447 23.792 56.2582 24.4561 56.3809 25.1209C56.5057 25.7842 56.4405 26.4211 56.1851 27.0317C55.9281 27.6403 55.48 28.1952 54.8407 28.6966ZM53.1142 28.7104L54.1501 27.898C54.6296 27.522 54.9588 27.1182 55.1377 26.6867C55.3151 26.2531 55.3502 25.8002 55.2432 25.3282C55.1347 24.8541 54.8889 24.3652 54.5059 23.8614C54.1261 23.3618 53.7249 22.9998 53.3023 22.7752C52.8818 22.5491 52.4482 22.4672 52.0017 22.5295C51.5552 22.5918 51.1024 22.8029 50.6434 23.1629L49.5491 24.0211L53.1142 28.7104ZM55.2926 18.1765L58.662 22.7761L57.8106 23.4438L54.2814 18.9696L55.2926 18.1765ZM59.6752 24.9994C59.5051 25.1328 59.3139 25.1868 59.1016 25.1613C58.8877 25.1338 58.7164 25.0333 58.5876 24.8596C58.4563 24.6912 58.4054 24.4995 58.4349 24.2844C58.4628 24.0673 58.5618 23.892 58.7319 23.7586C58.8979 23.6285 59.0878 23.5771 59.3017 23.6046C59.514 23.6301 59.6858 23.727 59.8171 23.8953C59.9017 24.011 59.9516 24.139 59.9667 24.2793C59.9823 24.416 59.9653 24.5485 59.9157 24.6768C59.866 24.8051 59.7858 24.9126 59.6752 24.9994Z" fill="#FAFAFA"></path></svg><div class="row"><div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-12 SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxWrap__H4T_N"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxRadioWrap__X6d0s"><label class="custom-radio"><input type="radio" name="subscriptionPlanName" value="k6cm"/><span class="radio-button "></span></label></div><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxContent__azVA6"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxHeading__eRlK6"><span class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxOldPrice__k77bD">$<!-- -->64.99</span><span class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxNewPrice___j6eo">$<!-- -->32.49</span><span class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxPaymentPeriod__UKZRw t-font-inter">/ Annualy</span></div><div class="subsBoxDescription"><p class="body-small-medium t-font-inter SubscriptionWidget_descriptionText__n8H3y ">Get subscription-exclusive advantages annually.</p></div></div><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxImage__ctCWn"><img src="/img/subscribe/bf-sub-image.png" alt="blackfriday image"/></div></div></div></div></div><div data-id="3q9w" id="planid-3q9w" class="col-12 col-lg-3 col-sm-6 col-md-6 SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxPadding__d_GIR SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxContainer__6Fv33"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_planBoxW__iMnNu SubscriptionWidget_planBoxWWrap__L12jB SubscriptionWidget_subsBox__69_de "><div class="row"><div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-12 SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxWrap__H4T_N"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxRadioWrap__X6d0s"><label class="custom-radio"><input type="radio" name="subscriptionPlanName" value="3q9w"/><span class="radio-button "></span></label></div><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxContent__azVA6"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxHeading__eRlK6"><span class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxOldPrice__k77bD">$<!-- -->5.99</span><span class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxNewPrice___j6eo">$<!-- -->1</span><span class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxPaymentPeriod__UKZRw t-font-inter">/ Monthly</span><span class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxRenew__RFJCR">Renews for $<!-- -->5.99</span></div><div class="subsBoxDescription"><p class="body-small-medium t-font-inter SubscriptionWidget_descriptionText__n8H3y ">Get subscription-exclusive advantages monthly.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div data-id="57zb" id="planid-57zb" class="col-12 col-lg-3 col-sm-6 col-md-6 SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxPadding__d_GIR SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxContainer__6Fv33"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_planBoxW__iMnNu SubscriptionWidget_planBoxWWrap__L12jB SubscriptionWidget_subsBox__69_de "><div class="row"><div class="col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 col-12 SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxWrap__H4T_N"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxRadioWrap__X6d0s"><label class="custom-radio"><input type="radio" name="subscriptionPlanName" value="57zb"/><span class="radio-button "></span></label></div><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxContent__azVA6"><div class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxHeading__eRlK6"><span class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxNewPrice___j6eo">$<!-- -->16.99</span><span class="SubscriptionWidget_subsBoxPaymentPeriod__UKZRw t-font-inter">/ Quarterly</span></div><div class="subsBoxDescription"><p class="body-small-medium t-font-inter SubscriptionWidget_descriptionText__n8H3y ">Get subscription-exclusive advantages quarterly.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="true" class="fade tab-pane"></div></div><button disabled="" class="Subscription_continueButton__4d0Sb t-mt-4 t-font-inter button-large-bold">Continue<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="21" height="20" viewBox="0 0 21 20" fill="none"><path d="M2.5 10L10.5 10L18.5 10M18.5 10L12.5 4M18.5 10L12.5 16" stroke="#FAFAFA" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"></path></svg></button><p class="Subscription_extraInformation__lw8az t-font-inter t-mt-4">You can <span>cancel anytime.</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="col-6"><div class="Subscription_subscribeRightSection__a9c1a"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContent__gGlZv"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureImageArea__uRWix"><img src="../img/subscribe/subscribe-ads-free-feature.png" alt="Feature Image"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContentArea__6sJsr"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureIcon__diAWv"><img src="../img/subscribe/sparkles.svg" alt="feature_icon"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureText__ViWeP"><span><b>Ad-free</b> content and unlimited access</span></div></div></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContent__gGlZv"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureImageArea__uRWix"><img src="../img/subscribe/subscribe-newsletter-feature.png" alt="Feature Image"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContentArea__6sJsr"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureIcon__diAWv"><img src="../img/subscribe/sparkles.svg" alt="feature_icon"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureText__ViWeP"><span>Members only newsletter</span></div></div></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContent__gGlZv"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureImageArea__uRWix"><img src="../img/subscribe/subscribe-discount-feature.png" alt="Feature Image"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContentArea__6sJsr"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureIcon__diAWv"><img src="../img/subscribe/sparkles.svg" alt="feature_icon"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureText__ViWeP"><span>Special discount for IE Academy and Shop</span></div></div></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContent__gGlZv"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureImageArea__uRWix"><img src="../img/subscribe/subscribe-audio-article-feature.png" alt="Feature Image"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContentArea__6sJsr"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureIcon__diAWv"><img src="../img/subscribe/sparkles.svg" alt="feature_icon"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureText__ViWeP"><span>Access to audio articles</span></div></div></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContent__gGlZv"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureImageArea__uRWix"><img src="../img/subscribe/subscribe-exlusive-video.png" alt="Feature Image"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContentArea__6sJsr"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureIcon__diAWv"><img src="../img/subscribe/sparkles.svg" alt="feature_icon"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureText__ViWeP"><span>Access to exlusive videos only for subscribers</span></div></div></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContent__gGlZv"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureImageArea__uRWix"><img src="../img/subscribe/subscribe-app-games-feature.png" alt="Feature Image"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContentArea__6sJsr"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureIcon__diAWv"><img src="../img/subscribe/sparkles.svg" alt="feature_icon"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureText__ViWeP"><span>Access to IE App, quizzes, and games*</span></div></div></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContent__gGlZv"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureImageArea__uRWix"><img src="../img/subscribe/subscribe-digital-passes-feature.png" alt="Feature Image"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureContentArea__6sJsr"><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureIcon__diAWv"><img src="../img/subscribe/sparkles.svg" alt="feature_icon"/></div><div class="Subscription_premiumFeatureText__ViWeP"><span>One-week digital passes to share*</span></div></div></div><div class="Subscription_subscribeComingSoon__5clPd">*Coming Soon</div></div></div></div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-max-w-full t-w-[1151px] t-gap-4 t-self-center"><div data-orientation="vertical" aria-orientation="vertical" role="separator" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-mb-1"></div></div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-max-w-full t-w-[1151px] md:t-p-[10px] t-gap-4 t-self-center t-px-4"><div class="SubscriptionArticles_subscriberArticles__Hl0CJ SubscriptionArticles_subscriberArticlesContainer__8YqKv"><div class="container"><div class="VideoSlider_premiumContent__A_BqJ t-mb-2"><p class="VideoSlider_premiumContentHeading__c6dLe t-font-inter ">PREMIUM CONTENT</p><a href="/premium"><p class="VideoSlider_premiumContentLink__0xsID t-font-inter">See All</p></a><div class="nav-items t-flex t-gap-2"></div></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__2JXM6 VideoSlider_premiumContentSlider__Lnruk"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__container__948JU"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/innovation/how-vaporizing-plastics-could-save-a-failing-recycling-industry"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="How vaporizing plastics could be key to saving a failing recycling industry" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Fplastic-waste.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Fplastic-waste.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Fplastic-waste.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type innovation VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">innovation</div></div><a href="/innovation/how-vaporizing-plastics-could-save-a-failing-recycling-industry"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">How vaporizing plastics could be key to saving a failing recycling industry</h4></div></a></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/space/halospace-aurora-balloon-tourism"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="How Halo Space&amp;#8217;s &amp;#8216;Aurora&amp;#8217; balloons bring near-space tourism to the masses" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1920-%C3%97-1080px-2.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1920-%C3%97-1080px-2.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1920-%C3%97-1080px-2.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type space VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">space</div></div><a href="/space/halospace-aurora-balloon-tourism"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">How Halo Space&#8217;s &#8216;Aurora&#8217; balloons bring near-space tourism to the masses</h4></div></a></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/innovation/the-interoceanic-corridor-and-mexicos-quest-to-rival-the-panama-canal"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="The Interoceanic Corridor and Mexico&amp;#8217;s quest to rival the Panama Canal" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Fioc-cropped.png&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Fioc-cropped.png&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Fioc-cropped.png&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type innovation VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">innovation</div></div><a href="/innovation/the-interoceanic-corridor-and-mexicos-quest-to-rival-the-panama-canal"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">The Interoceanic Corridor and Mexico&#8217;s quest to rival the Panama Canal</h4></div></a></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/health/bioengineer-anticoagulant-heparin-blood"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="Inside the battle to engineer the perfect anticoagulant for millions" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_60752a.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_60752a.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_60752a.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type health VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">health</div></div><a href="/health/bioengineer-anticoagulant-heparin-blood"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">Inside the battle to engineer the perfect anticoagulant for millions</h4></div></a></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/science/alcohol-animals-ethanol-nature"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="Party animals? Ecologists find that booze isn’t just for humans" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_21e1e0.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_21e1e0.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_21e1e0.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type science VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">science</div></div><a href="/science/alcohol-animals-ethanol-nature"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">Party animals? Ecologists find that booze isn’t just for humans</h4></div></a></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/innovation/solar-geoengineering-sunlight-climate-change"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="Can solar geoengineering delay the climate crisis or make things worse?" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_9e4bfd.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_9e4bfd.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_9e4bfd.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type innovation VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">innovation</div></div><a href="/innovation/solar-geoengineering-sunlight-climate-change"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">Can solar geoengineering delay the climate crisis or make things worse?</h4></div></a></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/space/james-webb-space-telescope-universe-3"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="How JWST’s findings are reshaping our models of cosmic evolution – Part II" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_fb8066.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_fb8066.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2FUntitled-1_fb8066.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type space VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">space</div></div><a href="/space/james-webb-space-telescope-universe-3"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">How JWST’s findings are reshaping our models of cosmic evolution – Part II</h4></div></a></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/innovation/why-arent-self-aborting-nuclear-weapons-a-thing"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="Beyond the point of no return: Why aren&amp;#8217;t self-aborting nuclear weapons a thing?" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Fabort-missile.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Fabort-missile.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Fabort-missile.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type innovation VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">innovation</div></div><a href="/innovation/why-arent-self-aborting-nuclear-weapons-a-thing"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">Beyond the point of no return: Why aren&#8217;t self-aborting nuclear weapons a thing?</h4></div></a></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Ffervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Ffervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F11%2Ffervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type energy VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">energy</div></div><a href="/energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet</h4></div></a></div><div class="VideoSlider_embla__slide__gXGv_ VideoSlider_premiumContentSlide__w78iQ"><a href="/science/sweeteners-sugar-alternatives-healthier-diets"><div class="VideoSlider_sliderImage__2qAHF"><img alt="Sweeteners decoded: Are sugar alternatives the answer to healthier diets?" loading="lazy" width="200" height="160" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F10%2FUntitled-1_4f0559.jpg&amp;w=256&amp;q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F10%2FUntitled-1_4f0559.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcms.interestingengineering.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2024%2F10%2FUntitled-1_4f0559.jpg&amp;w=640&amp;q=75"/></div></a><div class="VideoSlider_embla__category__gHMe_"><div class="overline-xsmall t-font-inter article-type science VideoSlider_premiumContentCategory__N7apR">science</div></div><a href="/science/sweeteners-sugar-alternatives-healthier-diets"><div class="VideoSlider_embla__header__zSQGH"><h4 class="VideoSlider_articleTitle__vOmP8 t-font-inter VideoSlider_premiumContentTitle__JZp3R">Sweeteners decoded: Are sugar alternatives the answer to healthier diets?</h4></div></a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-max-w-full t-w-[1151px] md:t-p-[10px] t-gap-4 t-self-center t-px-4"><div data-orientation="vertical" aria-orientation="vertical" role="separator" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-mb-1"></div></div><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-max-w-full t-w-[1151px] t-gap-4 t-self-center t-px-4"><div class="Subscription_faqsBlock__WtR_G Subscription_faqsBlockWrap__3Hp1i"><div class="container"><h3 class="!t-text-text-primary t-font-inter">FAQs</h3><div class="Subscription_faqAccordianBlock__QAbcf"><div><div class="Subscription_faqItem__Lr35L Subscription_faqItemBorder__WyYi4"><div class="Subscription_faqQsnBlock__Yjf2b"><div class="Subscription_Qsn__XhjlF"><h4 class="Subscription_QsnActive__pStif Subscription_faqQsn__cGK6M !t-text-text-primary">What is IE+?</h4></div><div class="Subscription_faqItemActionBtn__QnGXY"><img class="Subscription_closeBtn__8rhyH" data-faqitem="0" src="/img/close-btn.svg" alt="Close"/> </div></div><div class="Subscription_faqAns__Mvpzd !t-text-text-primary Subscription_faqAnsText__6UFL6"><p>IE+ is a digital subscription which gives you:</p> <ul> <li>Unlimited access to our featured and latest stories.</li> <li>Active participation with the IE+ community.</li> <li>IE+ weekly newsletter.</li> <li>Hands-free audio articles.</li></ul></div></div></div><div><div class="Subscription_faqItem__Lr35L Subscription_faqItemBorder__WyYi4"><div class="Subscription_faqQsnBlock__Yjf2b"><div class="Subscription_Qsn__XhjlF"><h4 class="Subscription_QsnInActive__sx_vg Subscription_faqQsn__cGK6M !t-text-text-primary">What is a premium article?</h4></div><div class="Subscription_faqItemActionBtn__QnGXY"><img class="Subscription_openBtn__F81uo" data-faqitem="1" src="/img/open-btn.svg" alt="Open"/></div></div></div></div><div><div class="Subscription_faqItem__Lr35L Subscription_faqItemBorder__WyYi4"><div class="Subscription_faqQsnBlock__Yjf2b"><div class="Subscription_Qsn__XhjlF"><h4 class="Subscription_QsnInActive__sx_vg Subscription_faqQsn__cGK6M !t-text-text-primary">By what methods can I pay for IE+?</h4></div><div class="Subscription_faqItemActionBtn__QnGXY"><img class="Subscription_openBtn__F81uo" data-faqitem="2" src="/img/open-btn.svg" alt="Open"/></div></div></div></div><div><div class="Subscription_faqItem__Lr35L Subscription_faqItemBorder__WyYi4"><div class="Subscription_faqQsnBlock__Yjf2b"><div class="Subscription_Qsn__XhjlF"><h4 class="Subscription_QsnInActive__sx_vg Subscription_faqQsn__cGK6M !t-text-text-primary">Does my subscription have to be automatically renewed?</h4></div><div class="Subscription_faqItemActionBtn__QnGXY"><img class="Subscription_openBtn__F81uo" data-faqitem="3" src="/img/open-btn.svg" alt="Open"/></div></div></div></div><div><div class="Subscription_faqItem__Lr35L Subscription_faqItemBorder__WyYi4"><div class="Subscription_faqQsnBlock__Yjf2b"><div class="Subscription_Qsn__XhjlF"><h4 class="Subscription_QsnInActive__sx_vg Subscription_faqQsn__cGK6M !t-text-text-primary">How can I cancel my subscription?</h4></div><div class="Subscription_faqItemActionBtn__QnGXY"><img class="Subscription_openBtn__F81uo" data-faqitem="4" src="/img/open-btn.svg" alt="Open"/></div></div></div></div><div><div class="Subscription_faqItem__Lr35L Subscription_faqItemBorder__WyYi4"><div class="Subscription_faqQsnBlock__Yjf2b"><div class="Subscription_Qsn__XhjlF"><h4 class="Subscription_QsnInActive__sx_vg Subscription_faqQsn__cGK6M !t-text-text-primary">Are refunds available?</h4></div><div class="Subscription_faqItemActionBtn__QnGXY"><img class="Subscription_openBtn__F81uo" data-faqitem="5" src="/img/open-btn.svg" alt="Open"/></div></div></div></div><div><div class="Subscription_faqItem__Lr35L Subscription_faqItemBorder__WyYi4"><div class="Subscription_faqQsnBlock__Yjf2b"><div class="Subscription_Qsn__XhjlF"><h4 class="Subscription_QsnInActive__sx_vg Subscription_faqQsn__cGK6M !t-text-text-primary">How can I comment?</h4></div><div class="Subscription_faqItemActionBtn__QnGXY"><img class="Subscription_openBtn__F81uo" data-faqitem="6" src="/img/open-btn.svg" alt="Open"/></div></div></div></div><div><div class="Subscription_faqItem__Lr35L Subscription_faqItemBorder__WyYi4"><div class="Subscription_faqQsnBlock__Yjf2b"><div class="Subscription_Qsn__XhjlF"><h4 class="Subscription_QsnInActive__sx_vg Subscription_faqQsn__cGK6M !t-text-text-primary">Can I share my subscription with a friend or family members?</h4></div><div class="Subscription_faqItemActionBtn__QnGXY"><img class="Subscription_openBtn__F81uo" data-faqitem="7" src="/img/open-btn.svg" alt="Open"/></div></div></div></div><div><div class="Subscription_faqItem__Lr35L Subscription_faqItemBorder__WyYi4"><div class="Subscription_faqQsnBlock__Yjf2b"><div class="Subscription_Qsn__XhjlF"><h4 class="Subscription_QsnInActive__sx_vg Subscription_faqQsn__cGK6M !t-text-text-primary">Can I change my subscription credit card information online?</h4></div><div class="Subscription_faqItemActionBtn__QnGXY"><img class="Subscription_openBtn__F81uo" data-faqitem="8" src="/img/open-btn.svg" alt="Open"/></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="t-flex newsletter-linear-background t-flex-col t-max-w-full t-w-[1151px] md:t-p-[10px] t-gap-4 t-self-center t-px-4 t-py-4"><div class="NewsLetterBanner_newsletterContainer__HOvEF t-w-full md:!t-max-w-[975px] t-self-center t-pb-3 undefined"><div class="NewsLetterBanner_newsletterLeft__P4Jv_"><div class="NewsLetterBanner_newsletterResponsiveWrapper__OwUog"><div class="NewsLetterBanner_newsletterResponsiveLeft__eH_nk"><div class="FilledTag_filledTag__LS32u overline-small" style="color:var(--text-invert);border-radius:2px;background:var(--button-ie-pressed, #005086)">Premıum NEWSLETTER</div><h5 class="h3-style-desktop t-font-inter t-text-text-negative">The Blueprint Weekly</h5></div><div class="NewsLetterBanner_newsletterResponsiveRight__0MavS"><img alt="MasterCard" loading="lazy" width="285" height="240" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="responsive-news-letter-image" style="color:transparent" src="https://interestingengineering.com//_next/static/media/news-letter-icon.a0397aae.svg"/></div></div><p class="body-small-medium t-mb-4 t-font-inter">Stay up-to-date with exclusive content about engineering, tech, science, and much more with The Blueprint.</p><a href="/newsletters/the-blueprint-weekly/subscribe" class="medium filled-button-black t-font-inter NewsLetterBanner_subsBtn__lnv8w">Visit page <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"><polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline></svg></a></div><div class="NewsLetterBanner_newsletterRight___YIfw"><img alt="MasterCard" loading="lazy" width="285" height="240" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="desktop-news-letter-image" style="color:transparent" src="https://interestingengineering.com//_next/static/media/news-letter-icon.a0397aae.svg"/></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></main></div><footer class="t-bg-gray-800 max-md:t-p-6 md:t-py-6 t-flex t-w-full t-justify-center t-items-center t-gap-[10px] "><div class="t-flex t-flex-col t-max-w-full t-w-[1151px] md:t-p-[10px]"><div class="t-flex t-flex-col md:t-flex-row t-w-full t-justify-between"><a href="/"><svg class="t-max-w-full" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="234" height="73" viewBox="0 0 234 73" fill="none"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M0 0H6.56446V33.83H0V0ZM30.6254 3.35087V33.83H24.0609V6.7476H17.4518V33.83H10.8872V0H27.3655C28.2586 0 29.0327 0.321307 29.6877 0.963943C30.3129 1.63718 30.6254 2.43282 30.6254 3.35087ZM54.6863 0H34.9482V6.7476H41.5127V33.83H48.1219V6.7476H54.6863V0ZM78.7473 6.7476V0H59.0091V33.83H78.7473V27.0823H65.5736V20.2889H75.4874V13.5412H65.5736V6.7476H78.7473ZM99.5483 16.892C100.441 16.892 101.215 17.2287 101.87 17.9019C102.496 18.5446 102.808 19.3402 102.808 20.2889V33.83H96.2437V20.2889H89.6345V33.83H83.07V0H99.5483C100.441 0 101.215 0.321307 101.87 0.963943C102.496 1.63718 102.808 2.43282 102.808 3.35087V13.5412C102.808 14.4592 102.496 15.2549 101.87 15.9281C101.215 16.5707 100.441 16.892 99.5483 16.892ZM96.2437 13.5412V6.7476H89.6345V13.5412H96.2437ZM126.869 6.7476V0H107.131V33.83H126.869V27.0823H113.695V20.2889H123.609V13.5412H113.695V6.7476H126.869ZM144.365 10.1444V6.7476H137.756V13.5412H147.67C148.563 13.5412 149.337 13.8625 149.992 14.5051C150.617 15.1783 150.93 15.974 150.93 16.892V30.4332C150.93 31.3819 150.617 32.1775 149.992 32.8201C149.337 33.4934 148.563 33.83 147.67 33.83H134.496C133.573 33.83 132.8 33.4934 132.174 32.8201C131.519 32.1775 131.192 31.3819 131.192 30.4332V23.6856H137.756V27.0823H144.365V20.2889H134.496C133.573 20.2889 132.8 19.9676 132.174 19.3249C131.519 18.6517 131.192 17.8407 131.192 16.892V3.35087C131.192 2.43282 131.519 1.63718 132.174 0.963943C132.8 0.321307 133.573 0 134.496 0H147.67C148.563 0 149.337 0.321307 149.992 0.963943C150.617 1.63718 150.93 2.43282 150.93 3.35087V10.1444H144.365ZM174.991 0H155.253V6.7476H161.817V33.83H168.426V6.7476H174.991V0ZM179.314 0H185.878V33.83H179.314V0ZM209.939 3.35087V33.83H203.375V6.7476H196.765V33.83H190.201V0H206.679C207.572 0 208.346 0.321307 209.001 0.963943C209.627 1.63718 209.939 2.43282 209.939 3.35087ZM227.436 10.1444V6.7476H220.826V27.0823H227.436V20.2889H224.131V13.5412H234V30.4332C234 31.3819 233.687 32.1775 233.062 32.8201C232.407 33.4934 231.633 33.83 230.74 33.83H217.566C216.644 33.83 215.869 33.4934 215.244 32.8201C214.589 32.1775 214.262 31.3819 214.262 30.4332V3.35087C214.262 2.43282 214.589 1.63718 215.244 0.963943C215.869 0.321307 216.644 0 217.566 0H230.74C231.633 0 232.407 0.321307 233.062 0.963943C233.687 1.63718 234 2.43282 234 3.35087V10.1444H227.436ZM19.7382 45.9177V39.17H0V73H22.6749L20.1192 66.2524H6.56446V59.4588H16.4783V52.7111H6.56446V45.9177H19.7382ZM43.7991 42.5208V73H37.2346V45.9177H30.6254V66.0875V73H26.3868L24.0609 66.0875V39.17H40.5392C41.4323 39.17 42.2063 39.4913 42.8613 40.1339C43.4865 40.8071 43.7991 41.6028 43.7991 42.5208ZM61.2955 49.3144V45.9177H54.6863V66.2524H61.2955V59.4588H57.991V52.7111H67.86V69.6033C67.86 70.5519 67.5474 71.3475 66.9222 71.9902C66.2672 72.6634 65.4932 73 64.6 73H51.4264C50.5035 73 49.7295 72.6634 49.1043 71.9902C48.4493 71.3475 48.1219 70.5519 48.1219 69.6033V42.5208C48.1219 41.6028 48.4493 40.8071 49.1043 40.1339C49.7295 39.4913 50.5035 39.17 51.4264 39.17H64.6C65.4932 39.17 66.2672 39.4913 66.9222 40.1339C67.5474 40.8071 67.86 41.6028 67.86 42.5208V49.3144H61.2955ZM72.1827 39.17H78.7473V73H72.1827V39.17ZM102.808 42.5208V73H96.2437V45.9177H89.6345V73H83.07V39.17H99.5483C100.441 39.17 101.215 39.4913 101.87 40.1339C102.496 40.8071 102.808 41.6028 102.808 42.5208ZM126.869 45.9177V39.17H107.131V73H126.869V66.2524H113.695V59.4588H123.609V52.7111H113.695V45.9177H126.869ZM150.93 45.9177V39.17H131.192V73H150.93V66.2524H137.756V59.4588H147.67V52.7111H137.756V45.9177H150.93ZM171.731 56.062C172.624 56.062 173.398 56.3987 174.053 57.0719C174.678 57.7145 174.991 58.5102 174.991 59.4588V73H168.426V59.4588H161.817V73H155.253V39.17H171.731C172.624 39.17 173.398 39.4913 174.053 40.1339C174.678 40.8071 174.991 41.6028 174.991 42.5208V52.7111C174.991 53.6292 174.678 54.4248 174.053 55.0981C173.398 55.7407 172.624 56.062 171.731 56.062ZM168.426 52.7111V45.9177H161.817V52.7111H168.426ZM179.314 39.17H185.878V73H179.314V39.17ZM209.939 42.5208V73H203.375V45.9177H196.765V73H190.201V39.17H206.679C207.572 39.17 208.346 39.4913 209.001 40.1339C209.627 40.8071 209.939 41.6028 209.939 42.5208ZM227.436 49.3144V45.9177H220.826V66.2524H227.436V59.4588H224.131V52.7111H234V69.6033C234 70.5519 233.687 71.3475 233.062 71.9902C232.407 72.6634 231.633 73 230.74 73H217.566C216.644 73 215.869 72.6634 215.244 71.9902C214.589 71.3475 214.262 70.5519 214.262 69.6033V42.5208C214.262 41.6028 214.589 40.8071 215.244 40.1339C215.869 39.4913 216.644 39.17 217.566 39.17H230.74C231.633 39.17 232.407 39.4913 233.062 40.1339C233.687 40.8071 234 41.6028 234 42.5208V49.3144H227.436Z" fill="white"></path></svg></a><div class="t-flex t-gap-4 max-md:t-mt-4 md:t-gap-0 t-flex-col t-justify-between"><h6 class="h4-style-desktop !t-text-[#FFF] md:t-text-end">Follow Us On</h6><div class="t-flex t-gap-2 t-h-[32px] t-align-bottom"><a class="follow-us-link" title="Instagram" href="https://www.instagram.com/interestingengineering/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="t-cursor-pointer t-responsive-small" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><rect width="32" height="32"></rect><path d="M16.5 8.71687C19.0181 8.71687 19.3614 8.71687 20.3916 8.71687C21.3072 8.71687 21.7651 8.94578 22.1084 9.06024C22.5663 9.28916 22.9096 9.40362 23.253 9.74699C23.5964 10.0904 23.8253 10.4337 23.9398 10.8916C24.0542 11.2349 24.1687 11.6928 24.2831 12.6084C24.2831 13.6386 24.2831 13.8675 24.2831 16.5C24.2831 19.1325 24.2831 19.3614 24.2831 20.3916C24.2831 21.3072 24.0542 21.7651 23.9398 22.1084C23.7108 22.5663 23.5964 22.9096 23.253 23.253C22.9096 23.5964 22.5663 23.8253 22.1084 23.9398C21.7651 24.0542 21.3072 24.1687 20.3916 24.2831C19.3614 24.2831 19.1325 24.2831 16.5 24.2831C13.8675 24.2831 13.6386 24.2831 12.6084 24.2831C11.6928 24.2831 11.2349 24.0542 10.8916 23.9398C10.4337 23.7108 10.0904 23.5964 9.74699 23.253C9.40362 22.9096 9.1747 22.5663 9.06024 22.1084C8.94578 21.7651 8.83133 21.3072 8.71687 20.3916C8.71687 19.3614 8.71687 19.1325 8.71687 16.5C8.71687 13.8675 8.71687 13.6386 8.71687 12.6084C8.71687 11.6928 8.94578 11.2349 9.06024 10.8916C9.28916 10.4337 9.40362 10.0904 9.74699 9.74699C10.0904 9.40362 10.4337 9.1747 10.8916 9.06024C11.2349 8.94578 11.6928 8.83133 12.6084 8.71687C13.6386 8.71687 13.9819 8.71687 16.5 8.71687ZM16.5 7C13.8675 7 13.6386 7 12.6084 7C11.5783 7 10.8916 7.22892 10.3193 7.45783C9.74699 7.68675 9.1747 8.03012 8.60241 8.60241C8.03012 9.1747 7.80121 9.63253 7.45783 10.3193C7.22892 10.8916 7.11446 11.5783 7 12.6084C7 13.6386 7 13.9819 7 16.5C7 19.1325 7 19.3614 7 20.3916C7 21.4217 7.22892 22.1084 7.45783 22.6807C7.68675 23.253 8.03012 23.8253 8.60241 24.3976C9.1747 24.9699 9.63253 25.1988 10.3193 25.5422C10.8916 25.7711 11.5783 25.8855 12.6084 26C13.6386 26 13.9819 26 16.5 26C19.0181 26 19.3614 26 20.3916 26C21.4217 26 22.1084 25.7711 22.6807 25.5422C23.253 25.3133 23.8253 24.9699 24.3976 24.3976C24.9699 23.8253 25.1988 23.3675 25.5422 22.6807C25.7711 22.1084 25.8855 21.4217 26 20.3916C26 19.3614 26 19.0181 26 16.5C26 13.9819 26 13.6386 26 12.6084C26 11.5783 25.7711 10.8916 25.5422 10.3193C25.3133 9.74699 24.9699 9.1747 24.3976 8.60241C23.8253 8.03012 23.3675 7.80121 22.6807 7.45783C22.1084 7.22892 21.4217 7.11446 20.3916 7C19.3614 7 19.1325 7 16.5 7Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M16.5 11.5783C13.753 11.5783 11.5783 13.753 11.5783 16.5C11.5783 19.247 13.753 21.4217 16.5 21.4217C19.247 21.4217 21.4217 19.247 21.4217 16.5C21.4217 13.753 19.247 11.5783 16.5 11.5783ZM16.5 19.7048C14.7831 19.7048 13.2952 18.3313 13.2952 16.5C13.2952 14.7831 14.6687 13.2952 16.5 13.2952C18.2169 13.2952 19.7048 14.6687 19.7048 16.5C19.7048 18.2169 18.2169 19.7048 16.5 19.7048Z" fill="white"></path><path d="M21.5361 12.6084C22.1683 12.6084 22.6807 12.096 22.6807 11.4639C22.6807 10.8317 22.1683 10.3193 21.5361 10.3193C20.904 10.3193 20.3916 10.8317 20.3916 11.4639C20.3916 12.096 20.904 12.6084 21.5361 12.6084Z" fill="white"></path></svg></a><a class="follow-us-link" title="X" href="https://twitter.com/IntEngineering" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="t-cursor-pointer t-twitter-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19" height="19" viewBox="0 0 19 19" fill="none"><g clip-path="url(#clip0_909_40227)"><path d="M17.6354 17.0618L11.269 8.02349L18.3263 0H16.7118L15.3298 1.56365L10.5491 7.00127L5.99516 0.535806L5.61785 0H0.0219122L1.38671 1.93815L7.44185 10.5357L0 19H1.61447L8.16143 11.5569L13.0266 18.4648L13.4041 19.0002H19L17.6352 17.062L17.6354 17.0618ZM14.0693 17.763L9.01473 10.5864L8.29499 9.56479L2.4297 1.23698H4.95265L9.69593 7.97175L10.4157 8.99335L16.5922 17.7629H14.0693V17.763Z" fill="white"></path></g><defs><clipPath id="clip0_909_40227"><rect width="19" height="19"></rect></clipPath></defs></svg></a><a title="LinkedIn" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/interestingengineering/" class="t-w-10 t-h-10 t-cursor-pointer t-flex t-items-center t-justify-center follow-us-link" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="t-cursor-pointer t-responsive-small" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><rect width="32" height="32"></rect><path d="M10.275 25H6.2375V12.2938H10.275V25ZM8.25625 10.5125C6.95 10.5125 6 9.5625 6 8.25625C6 6.95 7.06875 6 8.25625 6C9.5625 6 10.5125 6.95 10.5125 8.25625C10.5125 9.5625 9.5625 10.5125 8.25625 10.5125ZM25 25H20.9625V18.1125C20.9625 16.0938 20.1312 15.5 18.9437 15.5C17.7562 15.5 16.5687 16.45 16.5687 18.2312V25H12.5312V12.2938H16.3312V14.075C16.6875 13.2438 18.1125 11.9375 20.1312 11.9375C22.3875 11.9375 24.7625 13.2437 24.7625 17.1625V25H25Z" fill="white"></path></svg></a><a class="follow-us-link" title="Flipboard" href="https://flipboard.com/@intengineering" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="t-cursor-pointer t-responsive-small" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><rect width="32" height="32"></rect><path d="M7 7V26H26V7H7ZM22.2 14.6H18.4V18.4H14.6V22.2H10.8V10.8H22.2V14.6Z" fill="white"></path></svg></a><a title="Facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/interestingengineering" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="t-content-center follow-us-link" target="_blank"><svg class="t-cursor-pointer t-responsive-small" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><rect width="32" height="32"></rect><path d="M20.6184 10.3032H17.7458C17.4054 10.3032 17.0272 10.7733 17.0272 11.398V13.575H20.6203L20.0769 16.6797H17.0272V26H13.6371V16.6797H10.5615V13.575H13.6371V11.749C13.6371 9.12899 15.369 7 17.7458 7H20.6184V10.3032Z" fill="white"></path></svg></a><a class="follow-us-link" title="Youtube" href="https://www.youtube.com/c/Interestingengineeringofficial" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="t-cursor-pointer t-responsive-small" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><rect width="32" height="32"></rect><path d="M24.525 11.0188C24.2875 10.1875 23.6938 9.59375 22.8625 9.35625C21.4375 9 15.3812 9 15.3812 9C15.3812 9 9.44376 9 7.90001 9.35625C7.06876 9.59375 6.475 10.1875 6.2375 11.0188C6 12.5625 6 15.65 6 15.65C6 15.65 6 18.7375 6.35625 20.2812C6.59375 21.1125 7.1875 21.7062 8.01875 21.9437C9.44375 22.3 15.5 22.3 15.5 22.3C15.5 22.3 21.4375 22.3 22.9812 21.9437C23.8125 21.7062 24.4063 21.1125 24.6438 20.2812C25 18.7375 25 15.65 25 15.65C25 15.65 25 12.5625 24.525 11.0188ZM13.6 18.5V12.8L18.5875 15.65L13.6 18.5Z" fill="white"></path></svg></a><a class="follow-us-link" title="Tiktok" href="https://www.tiktok.com/@interestingengineering" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><svg class="t-cursor-pointer t-responsive-small" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 32 32" fill="none"><rect width="32" height="32"></rect><path d="M22.7857 11.0634C22.6542 10.9971 22.5261 10.9245 22.4021 10.8457C22.0413 10.6132 21.7105 10.3391 21.4169 10.0296C20.6821 9.20983 20.4077 8.37822 20.3066 7.79598H20.3107C20.2262 7.31269 20.2611 7 20.2664 7H16.9198V19.6177C16.9198 19.7872 16.9198 19.9546 16.9125 20.12C16.9125 20.1406 16.9105 20.1596 16.9093 20.1818C16.9093 20.1909 16.9093 20.2004 16.9072 20.2099C16.9072 20.2123 16.9072 20.2146 16.9072 20.217C16.872 20.6697 16.7231 21.1071 16.4738 21.4905C16.2245 21.874 15.8824 22.1919 15.4775 22.4161C15.0556 22.6502 14.5783 22.773 14.0928 22.7724C12.5336 22.7724 11.2699 21.5327 11.2699 20.0017C11.2699 18.4707 12.5336 17.231 14.0928 17.231C14.388 17.2307 14.6813 17.276 14.962 17.3652L14.966 14.0427C14.1141 13.9354 13.2486 14.0014 12.4242 14.2366C11.5997 14.4718 10.8342 14.871 10.1759 15.4091C9.59908 15.8977 9.11415 16.4808 8.74292 17.132C8.60165 17.3695 8.06865 18.3238 8.0041 19.8726C7.96351 20.7518 8.23427 21.6625 8.36336 22.0389V22.0469C8.44455 22.2685 8.75916 23.0249 9.27186 23.6626C9.68529 24.1741 10.1737 24.6234 10.7215 24.9961V24.9881L10.7296 24.9961C12.3497 26.0695 14.146 25.9991 14.146 25.9991C14.457 25.9868 15.4986 25.9991 16.6815 25.4524C17.9935 24.8464 18.7405 23.9436 18.7405 23.9436C19.2177 23.4041 19.5971 22.7893 19.8625 22.1256C20.1653 21.3494 20.2664 20.4185 20.2664 20.0464V13.3524C20.307 13.3762 20.8477 13.7249 20.8477 13.7249C20.8477 13.7249 21.6267 14.2117 22.8421 14.5288C23.7141 14.7544 24.8889 14.8019 24.8889 14.8019V11.5625C24.4773 11.6061 23.6414 11.4794 22.7857 11.0634Z" fill="white"></path></svg></a></div></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full t-my-6 t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><div class="max-md:t-hidden t-flex t-w-full t-justify-between"><div><ul class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-text-gray-200 body-small-medium"><li class="body-small-bold">Events</li><li><a href="/ie-academy">IE Academy</a></li><li><a href="/podcast/lexicon">Podcasts</a></li></ul></div><div><ul class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-text-gray-200 body-small-medium"><li class="body-small-bold">News</li><li><a href="/?editorsPick=selected">Editor’s Pick</a></li><li><a href="/?trending=selected">Trending</a></li><li><a href="/news">Latest News</a></li></ul></div><div><ul class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-text-gray-200 body-small-medium"><li class="body-small-bold">Topics</li><li><a href="/innovation">Innovation</a></li><li><a href="/entertainment">Entertainment</a></li><li><a href="/videos">Videos</a></li><li><a href="/guides">Guides</a></li><li><a href="/military">Military</a></li><li><a href="/energy">Energy</a></li></ul></div><div><ul class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-text-gray-200 body-small-medium"><li class="body-small-bold">For Engineers</li><li><a href="/engineers-directory">Engineers Directory</a></li><li><a href="https://jobs.interestingengineering.com/">Engineering Jobs</a></li></ul></div><div><ul class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-text-gray-200 body-small-medium"><li><a href="/about-us">About Us</a></li><li><a href="/contact-us">Contact Us</a></li><li><a href="/advertise">Advertise With Us</a></li><li><a href="/subscribe">Subscription</a></li><li><a href="/policies">Policies</a></li><li><a href="/site-map">Site Map</a></li></ul></div><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-bg-stroke-secondary !t-h-[96px]"></div><div><ul class="t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2 t-text-gray-200 body-small-bold body-small-medium"><li><a href="#">Pro</a></li><li><a href="/premium">Premium</a></li><li><a href="/newsletters">Newsletters</a></li></ul></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full max-md:t-hidden t-my-6 t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><div class="max-md:t-hidden t-flex t-w-full t-justify-between"><div class="t-flex"><a class="body-x-small !t-text-gray-200" href="/policies">Privacy Policy</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><a class="body-x-small !t-text-gray-200" href="/ethics-policy">AI and Ethics</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><a class="body-x-small !t-text-gray-200" href="/generative-ai-editorial-use">Editorial Policy</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><a class="body-x-small !t-text-gray-200" href="/tos">Terms of Services</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><a class="body-x-small !t-text-gray-200" href="/donotsell">Do Not Sell My Personal Information</a></div><div class="t-flex"><span class="body-x-small !t-text-gray-200">© Copyright 2024</span><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><span class="body-x-small !t-text-gray-200"> IE Media, Inc.</span><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><span class="body-x-small !t-text-gray-200">All Rights Reserved</span></div></div><div class="md:t-hidden t-flex"><div><ul class="body-small-medium t-text-gray-200 t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2"><li><a href="/about-us">About Us</a></li><li><a href="/contact-us">Contact Us</a></li><li><a href="/advertise">Advertise With Us</a></li><li><a href="/subscribe ">Subscription</a></li><li><a href="/policies ">Policies</a></li><li><a href="/site-map ">Site Map</a></li></ul><ul class="body-small-bold t-text-gray-200 t-mt-8 t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-2"><li><a href="#">Pro</a></li><li><a href="/premium">Premium</a></li><li><a href="/newsletter">Newsletters</a></li></ul></div><div><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-[55px] max-md:t-mx-[20px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div></div><div><div class="w-full !t-text-gray-200 t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-y-2" data-orientation="vertical"><div data-state="open" data-orientation="vertical" class=""><h3 data-orientation="vertical" data-state="open" class="t-flex"><button type="button" aria-controls="radix-:Rjmf6la:" aria-expanded="true" data-state="open" data-orientation="vertical" id="radix-:R3mf6la:" class="t-flex t-flex-1 t-items-center t-gap-2 t-font-medium t-transition-all hover:t-underline [&amp;[data-state=open]&gt;svg]:t-rotate-180 !t-text-gray-200 body-small-bold" data-radix-collection-item="">Events<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-down t-h-4 t-w-4 t-shrink-0 t-transition-transform t-duration-200"><path d="m6 9 6 6 6-6"></path></svg></button></h3><div data-state="open" id="radix-:Rjmf6la:" role="region" aria-labelledby="radix-:R3mf6la:" data-orientation="vertical" class="t-overflow-hidden t-text-sm t-transition-all data-[state=closed]:t-animate-accordion-up data-[state=open]:t-animate-accordion-down t-pt-2" style="--radix-accordion-content-height:var(--radix-collapsible-content-height);--radix-accordion-content-width:var(--radix-collapsible-content-width)"><div class="t-pt-0 body-small-medium t-flex t-flex-col t-gap-y-2"><a href="/ie-academy">IE Academy</a><a href="/podcast/lexicon">Podcasts</a></div></div></div><div data-state="closed" data-orientation="vertical" class=""><h3 data-orientation="vertical" data-state="closed" class="t-flex"><button type="button" aria-controls="radix-:Rlmf6la:" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" data-orientation="vertical" id="radix-:R5mf6la:" class="t-flex t-flex-1 t-items-center t-gap-2 t-font-medium t-transition-all hover:t-underline [&amp;[data-state=open]&gt;svg]:t-rotate-180 !t-text-gray-200 body-small-bold" data-radix-collection-item="">News<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-down t-h-4 t-w-4 t-shrink-0 t-transition-transform t-duration-200"><path d="m6 9 6 6 6-6"></path></svg></button></h3><div data-state="closed" id="radix-:Rlmf6la:" hidden="" role="region" aria-labelledby="radix-:R5mf6la:" data-orientation="vertical" class="t-overflow-hidden t-text-sm t-transition-all data-[state=closed]:t-animate-accordion-up data-[state=open]:t-animate-accordion-down t-pt-2" style="--radix-accordion-content-height:var(--radix-collapsible-content-height);--radix-accordion-content-width:var(--radix-collapsible-content-width)"></div></div><div data-state="closed" data-orientation="vertical" class=""><h3 data-orientation="vertical" data-state="closed" class="t-flex"><button type="button" aria-controls="radix-:Rnmf6la:" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" data-orientation="vertical" id="radix-:R7mf6la:" class="t-flex t-flex-1 t-items-center t-gap-2 t-font-medium t-transition-all hover:t-underline [&amp;[data-state=open]&gt;svg]:t-rotate-180 !t-text-gray-200 body-small-bold" data-radix-collection-item="">Topics<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-down t-h-4 t-w-4 t-shrink-0 t-transition-transform t-duration-200"><path d="m6 9 6 6 6-6"></path></svg></button></h3><div data-state="closed" id="radix-:Rnmf6la:" hidden="" role="region" aria-labelledby="radix-:R7mf6la:" data-orientation="vertical" class="t-overflow-hidden t-text-sm t-transition-all data-[state=closed]:t-animate-accordion-up data-[state=open]:t-animate-accordion-down t-pt-2" style="--radix-accordion-content-height:var(--radix-collapsible-content-height);--radix-accordion-content-width:var(--radix-collapsible-content-width)"></div></div><div data-state="closed" data-orientation="vertical" class=""><h3 data-orientation="vertical" data-state="closed" class="t-flex"><button type="button" aria-controls="radix-:Rpmf6la:" aria-expanded="false" data-state="closed" data-orientation="vertical" id="radix-:R9mf6la:" class="t-flex t-flex-1 t-items-center t-gap-2 t-font-medium t-transition-all hover:t-underline [&amp;[data-state=open]&gt;svg]:t-rotate-180 !t-text-gray-200 body-small-bold" data-radix-collection-item="">For Engineers<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-chevron-down t-h-4 t-w-4 t-shrink-0 t-transition-transform t-duration-200"><path d="m6 9 6 6 6-6"></path></svg></button></h3><div data-state="closed" id="radix-:Rpmf6la:" hidden="" role="region" aria-labelledby="radix-:R9mf6la:" data-orientation="vertical" class="t-overflow-hidden t-text-sm t-transition-all data-[state=closed]:t-animate-accordion-up data-[state=open]:t-animate-accordion-down t-pt-2" style="--radix-accordion-content-height:var(--radix-collapsible-content-height);--radix-accordion-content-width:var(--radix-collapsible-content-width)"></div></div></div></div></div><div data-orientation="horizontal" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-[1px] t-w-full md:t-hidden t-my-6 t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><div class="md:t-hidden t-flex t-items-center t-text-gray-200 body-x-small !t-text-gray-200"><a href="/policies">Privacy Policy</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><a href="/ethics-policy">AI and Ethics</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><a href="/generative-ai-editorial-use">Editorial Policy</a></div><div class="md:t-hidden t-flex t-items-center t-text-gray-200 t-flex-wrap t-gap-y-2 t-mt-4 body-x-small !t-text-gray-200"><a href="/donotsell">Do Not Sell My Personal Information</a><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><a href="/tos">Terms of Services</a></div><div class="md:t-hidden t-flex t-items-center t-text-gray-200 t-flex-wrap t-mt-4 t-gap-y-2 body-x-small !t-text-gray-200"><span class="t-text-gray-200">© Copyright 2024</span><div data-orientation="vertical" role="none" class="t-shrink-0 t-bg-stroke-primary t-h-full t-w-[1px] t-mx-2 !t-h-[15px] t-bg-stroke-secondary"></div><span class="t-text-gray-200"> IE Media, Inc.</span></div><div class="md:t-hidden t-mt-2 t-flex t-items-center t-text-gray-200 t-flex-wrap t-gap-y-2 body-x-small !t-text-gray-200"><span class="t-text-gray-200">All Rights Reserved</span></div><a class="!t-text-gray-200 privacy-policy-link body-x-small t-pt-2" href="/policies/privacy-policy" id="pmLink">Privacy Manager</a></div></footer><div class="Toastify"></div><script src="https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/chunks/webpack-dfb406e79b8addd3.js" async=""></script><script>(self.__next_f=self.__next_f||[]).push([0]);self.__next_f.push([2,null])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1:HL[\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/media/a34f9d1faa5f3315-s.p.woff2\",\"font\",{\"crossOrigin\":\"\",\"type\":\"font/woff2\"}]\n2:HL[\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/22db0e48350782c7.css\",\"style\"]\n0:\"$L3\"\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"4:HL[\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/4995d3afe56e65d3.css\",\"style\"]\n5:HL[\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/5b580a7ebffd13c1.css\",\"style\"]\n6:HL[\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/2ebcb3b455bf50e1.css\",\"style\"]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"7:I[33728,[],\"\"]\n9:I[29928,[],\"\"]\n3:[[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/22db0e48350782c7.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]],[\"$\",\"$L7\",null,{\"buildId\":\"BgJI9OB3pMqMzLMwM1_Oe\",\"assetPrefix\":\"https://interestingengineering.com\",\"initialCanonicalUrl\":\"/subscribe\",\"initialTree\":[\"\",{\"children\":[\"subscribe\",{\"children\":[\"__PAGE__\",{}]}]},\"$undefined\",\"$undefined\",true],\"initialHead\":[false,\"$L8\"],\"globalErrorComponent\":\"$9\",\"childr"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"en\":[null,\"$La\",null]}]]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"b:I[68173,[\"3447\",\"static/chunks/3447-94edda3a54c8b950.js\",\"2931\",\"static/chunks/2931-d82f39546b47f3f4.js\",\"2173\",\"static/chunks/2173-915ab78849b3db85.js\",\"6691\",\"static/chunks/6691-f652708f445c4f15.js\",\"699\",\"static/chunks/699-f02178258bb80146.js\",\"3600\",\"static/chunks/3600-db656d5ef353e886.js\",\"7105\",\"static/chunks/7105-c0564fff6073cee4.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-f4884b1797a5fb0c.js\"],\"\"]\nc:I[15297,[\"3447\",\"static/chunks/3447-94edda3a54c8b950.js\",\"2931\",\"static/chunks/2931-d82f39546b47f3f4.js\",\""])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2173\",\"static/chunks/2173-915ab78849b3db85.js\",\"6691\",\"static/chunks/6691-f652708f445c4f15.js\",\"699\",\"static/chunks/699-f02178258bb80146.js\",\"3600\",\"static/chunks/3600-db656d5ef353e886.js\",\"7105\",\"static/chunks/7105-c0564fff6073cee4.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-f4884b1797a5fb0c.js\"],\"\"]\nd:I[7338,[\"3447\",\"static/chunks/3447-94edda3a54c8b950.js\",\"2931\",\"static/chunks/2931-d82f39546b47f3f4.js\",\"2173\",\"static/chunks/2173-915ab78849b3db85.js\",\"6691\",\"static/chunks/6691-f652708f445c4f15.js\",\"699\",\"static/"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"chunks/699-f02178258bb80146.js\",\"3600\",\"static/chunks/3600-db656d5ef353e886.js\",\"7105\",\"static/chunks/7105-c0564fff6073cee4.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-f4884b1797a5fb0c.js\"],\"\"]\ne:I[52219,[\"3447\",\"static/chunks/3447-94edda3a54c8b950.js\",\"2931\",\"static/chunks/2931-d82f39546b47f3f4.js\",\"2173\",\"static/chunks/2173-915ab78849b3db85.js\",\"6691\",\"static/chunks/6691-f652708f445c4f15.js\",\"699\",\"static/chunks/699-f02178258bb80146.js\",\"3600\",\"static/chunks/3600-db656d5ef353e886.js\",\"7105\",\"static/chunks/7105-c"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"0564fff6073cee4.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-f4884b1797a5fb0c.js\"],\"\"]\nf:I[69825,[\"3447\",\"static/chunks/3447-94edda3a54c8b950.js\",\"2931\",\"static/chunks/2931-d82f39546b47f3f4.js\",\"2173\",\"static/chunks/2173-915ab78849b3db85.js\",\"6691\",\"static/chunks/6691-f652708f445c4f15.js\",\"699\",\"static/chunks/699-f02178258bb80146.js\",\"3600\",\"static/chunks/3600-db656d5ef353e886.js\",\"7105\",\"static/chunks/7105-c0564fff6073cee4.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-f4884b1797a5fb0c.js\"],\"ThemeProvider\"]\n10:I[13991,[\"344"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"7\",\"static/chunks/3447-94edda3a54c8b950.js\",\"2931\",\"static/chunks/2931-d82f39546b47f3f4.js\",\"2173\",\"static/chunks/2173-915ab78849b3db85.js\",\"6691\",\"static/chunks/6691-f652708f445c4f15.js\",\"699\",\"static/chunks/699-f02178258bb80146.js\",\"3600\",\"static/chunks/3600-db656d5ef353e886.js\",\"7105\",\"static/chunks/7105-c0564fff6073cee4.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-f4884b1797a5fb0c.js\"],\"\"]\n11:I[56954,[],\"\"]\n12:I[7264,[],\"\"]\n1a:I[66316,[\"3447\",\"static/chunks/3447-94edda3a54c8b950.js\",\"2931\",\"static/chunks/2931-d"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"82f39546b47f3f4.js\",\"2173\",\"static/chunks/2173-915ab78849b3db85.js\",\"6691\",\"static/chunks/6691-f652708f445c4f15.js\",\"699\",\"static/chunks/699-f02178258bb80146.js\",\"3600\",\"static/chunks/3600-db656d5ef353e886.js\",\"7105\",\"static/chunks/7105-c0564fff6073cee4.js\",\"3185\",\"static/chunks/app/layout-f4884b1797a5fb0c.js\"],\"\"]\n13:T6762,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAswAAAKUCAYAAAAQDG6AAAAACXBIWXMAACE4AAAhOAFFljFgAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAE0NSURBVHgB7d1tqG31mSD4f9WkuzUEvOkI8cMYVw0yytCJ+mFaSW7IyWARBzOloQXFYvAYQtWYCJqmi74ZpHJTCLlDFRjBKAVFPPkQURCiqcjc0A51Qm4ysYbBa4VpYuHMbHVgrEGrro0Tk54Zpvez915rr7X3Oeeec/Za+2X9fz/YddY+uZ66L/vl2c//eUkJAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACAzfBbCYCDFDNfT0xuFzPY43ow82vqP6uY+XrUn39hcgOgZQJmIGfF8Hb95OtVaRy8FpPbYQPjoyoD2y5//qD29fXJ1/oNgCMQMAM5KNI0ML5ueNtKh8/k9k0E0ucnX388uS7vA7AHATPQR1tpHCB/Jk0D5WO5/KorRl8/8rHx1w9e9qHR7WLefuOt6vqdyfXbr7+VWnHF1SldUvs9XBj+3F+/N74dXxk414NoAJKAGeiHYni7fXi7LY0D5EOVOkQwfOXHrx4FwBEQXz68lV8vPWRgfFS/eve9UQBdfo3Auvz65t+8Nvr+oUTAXAz/qNecHH89MQ7oR0FzGUDH13eHt7deG98vvx7OYHjbTeMAejcp5QAyJmAGNtVWGgfIESgXB/3CCHyv/MTVo+D4Yx8ff43AuIuAeFERML/5i9dGQfQbw69xfahAOrLOEThfOwygr7p+/19XBs5x+7vXptcXtzu8PT/5KvsMZEXADGySrTQOkrfTAVnkyBxfc/L6UWB8w60nq3KKTfbmJHh++YVzowC6XvIxJ7LNETzfdEdKH706Hcrg/Dhwfv38+PrgTHQEzN8d3p5LMs9ABgTMwLqLwPiBNA6Si71+QWSKr/n09aMguS8B8sXUA+hXf3J+/wx0BM+f2W6WbRxGBM8ROL96bvx1f7tpGjxrHAR6ScAMrKut4e3rk69zIkj+5O/fMgqQI1DO3avnzqefPXV2FDzvm32+/pbx7aoj/n1FtvmX56bB897Z5wiWI2j+RpJ1BnpGwAysk8gmbw9v96Rx816DIPlwyuD55R+e2zvzXGadI3g+jvNnx8FzBNF7203jwHk3AfSAgBlYB2XZxYNpj9rkKLe4+b47RkHyOjbqrasIls+/cC79dJJ5nrNo4BxTOCLj/OOd8fW8QRoHzjsJYIMJmIFV2jdQjsD45i/fkT519y1Z1CR3Lco0/vLMTvrp987O/4+LBs4hAudXzo6zz3v8r0ngDGwwATOwChcNlCOjLJvcvgicI+v84uPPztc6txE4R6Y5Ms77B85fTeNaZ4CNIWAGlm1reHsyzUy8iGUhv/e17fTJuxcI1jiSqHP+wTd39g6cbz919ObAugicI2iOrPN8ucZO0hwIbBABM7AsEX09kmamXgiUV2/fwDkyzZFxPrFASUwZOEfWed63hrdHk8AZWHP/UQLoVpRc/Ovh7elUyypHucV/+S/vTl956uHRghFWJ/7+Y/rIP7rkH49mO/8/v/n34/8hZjFHhvgf/eOU/uP/LB1LucI7gu/fvDe7VfCmNN7U+G6yPRBYYzLMQJe20h7lF1Gj/HunttUor6F9mwMjy3zPtxbLNofIOD9/Zq9lKDtJmQawpgTMQBciqxxLRx6sfzPGw33x8VOmXmyAyDR/++6H5ss0trbHZRqLKss0mvXNg2SaBrCGlGQAbYta5b8a3qqi5Mgk/4tv/EH6rx/5l7LKG+Kyj/7T0UlApFViEUqlHB937clxucVxXXH1+Gc0yzTig1aUaBTD2yvJqm1gTcgwA22KUXHfqn9DVnnzRZb5z259sJltjmD5c/cvNoKuFEF4lGnMZ5s/m5RoAGtAhhloQ2QG//vh7b8pvyGr3B/lbOxGtvn//ffj9diRIb76n6eFRF10BN7/3/Bn/h//tvpumpb0/DgBrJAMM7CoKMH4fqo19skq99ee2ea2GgLD3rXNw2+MFp4o0QBWQoYZWMQ9aTwuroqUIhP5h9/5Y1nlnop/1xhB9+/+r78fNQaO/Pq9cbY5xsd96J+mhZS1zfHz4ueOxYeyu4a355OgGVgBATNwXDEFI+qVL4k7EUj9wZN/nH73vjsS/Rbzmm+49WSzRCOC2//5Byld+qHjz2wuRX30TZPH0etVw2HZEBjlGW8lgCUSMAPHEbOVq5Fxsa3vv/0fHk//yX++YKDERrnm5PXphs+fTP/Li3+dfvXuJBv82l+Pi/2KBdZql+JnRPD8v/51+Z0ImqNOfpDGUzQAlkLADBxF2dx3e/mNqFf+oxe+NRpDRn7i3/36YdB8/oVz06A5pl60FTRHtjpKNCJonpZolI8/zYDAUgiYgcOKYDnmK99UfqOsV44jevJV1jX/b//Tv03vlM2AETS/+9Y42F1U1EXP1zVvTb4KmoHOCZiBwyiGt/9xeLu2/MbvfW07/YvTf5AgxIemTw2D5l/9u/dGgfNILCSJoDkyzR9Y8ENVlGZE0Bw1ze/9ffndrclXQTPQKQEzcDFFGmeWi/IbESz/3qntBLP+2c3/vNkMGEFzlFP8s/+inaA5fs47b8R8u/K7W5OvgmagMwJm4CBFmgmWv/jEqXSzSRgcIJoBG0FzZITbCprjv4+fE5nr6UrtrclXQTPQCQEzsJ+oWY4yjKL8RgTLn7y7hVXI9N6eQfP//fft1DSH+DmCZmBJBMzAXsoGv6pmWbDMUc0FzWVNs6AZ2DAfSGyaR9I4mGG5clvLG4+zaibYXWfuFyxzLGWt+w++uTP+Rqy+jhXan9lOrbjt1PTnjp0e3t5N46U6AK34rcQm2U7jhREs3++k8bKEHMQGv9PlHQ1+tOHprz2WXnz82ek3trbbC5pj1Nx3H6xnmsNnh7fdBNACJRmbo0jjYFl2eTUeTXlkmAXLdCKmZ8SM5jd/MQlqY05zZJqvuDotrGwEjMbC6ci5WG7yTMrrZAjoiAzz5ohgeXt01cZx5vNnqsvY1PYpx+1znj712HRzWR4Z5ggwvl/eiaUkd33z/gRtiefTn9764DRojjFx93yrnaA5XHhrnGm+8Fb5nUEaZ5oHCWABAubNsJ3qpRjxBrPIytndnZR+vFPd/e9+8XT6yMeuSDSd+vhd6e03qjfevgfMxfD2cpqcYFz58avT18/9RYK2RdD8Jye/NH1uRQLgD/9iHDy3IYLlP/9SfSPgbhoHzQDH9tuJdRcBzNere9ffsliwHG8mL03rCOPIXbCcvXIixihYvnz4eLj/qYcTdCHWaP+rF741+joSr0nPPJRaEwF42Qg4tpXGTawAxyZgXn8RLBejqzZKMSKzPMm8RGCkPpU0DiaKuIgg5o+GwYwPUXQpXnvufaIW1EY9848eS62JcXPN18oHh7d7EsAxCZjXW5HGL/Rj8QZwYoFA5pWz9dFLo8CI7D2Qytr45MSB5bnh1pOjx1vl58+OA+e2xBSO5rzneMErEsAxmMO83v6quopSjOsXaMyLY8+oXZ6Ihi6BUfaKVJtVG48JK69ZpjjhevUn56eLTaI0I+qZT7T02hSlGW99qWwCjJKjaGq9IcHRxCnc7Yl18YXhrcVP14cjYF5f01KMaIZpoxRj0jmuFIOJ6gNZPCZMxGAVvvLUw9MmwCgXiwk+97R0+hWvnXc+PJ6cMS5FiwaQCH6+muBwtlP9pJd1sJLxukoy1lORarNw0013LJZxefVcoxQjjkGrhhtyVX0gK+uWYRXi8TdXz1xrTF5YjKybr2feSnBxRao33ZM1Geb1NB0h10aj39lpM82nfv8WK47ZSjPLSZTnsErXnLx+VBJUbQKM8rFrTrZXmhFJh0gcTGuk4zU2SjMsNeEgzab7OK24pINkU20MYuxF+OLjpxJNj9390HR++4oImNfPdqpnPxY9mow3HqUYTMVRVvWBLD5AqVtmHURJUNQzj94U2y7NCFHPPA1MijQOhpRmsJ8o39mu7kXiqq0FO3XR7DqdGT4KliUw5q3DqbiSjPVSpPrxT3R5L5JhiUC5tqBEJpE0nopRxIUPUKybL3ZZmjE/n1lpBgeptp4u3HS/H+/RG0XAvF7anbn83WmfQhzzKMXIXpGUYrDGYsNkY9Rc7YSsFTFmrjlqLk5bVtJAxFpr9714P/YibBQB8/rYTvXjn88tOLEgjnlqbzRqoki1qRhq2VlXETRE4DxSlma0KbLM0zrUIpmAQFOR6k33N97RXi19nb0IG0fAvB7m1183syBH45iHeduptrRBJoN1dteZWsIgSjPaXGgyP6Zzmk2E+v6DCJRv6qDHw16EjaTpbz1UdaXWX9OBItU+kPkAdTS/eve9USPa6PY3r1X3w2h28Ix4zl162YdGTSqRKb38qitGX+NmnOPhzE3NiCxzLDRpa0LB3lMzPpvI3fS9ONzTUdbXXoSNJGBevSLVj3+sv6Z9VQbNi/PhxOa5cgNdtYXukOpB9Ox/G4FgBM5RElOVHbCneJz+7HtnRx9QRsFFNAC2WUsaP2tQVWNsTW67iVwVqV6es2jT/X5eP28vwoYSMK/e9PgnyjCsv6ZdRarVxjcaqmiIwCwymi8+8ew4SOtAGYDH/4/48BJ15BE8e57OiyAiHq9Pn5rMkY++jKgnbSvLXFw/zjT/vJrEEVnm30nkajmNfs9Na/L1kmwWAfNqNWvnFm30c8zDvKoUw4vz3iKA/cE3dw7OJMf81bh99Orxm2ncInDbKwN1YbLiOW5vvTbOjO4x6SEy0T84szO6fWr476JUZl7MCH/5h+fG/zbx9xmvcYu+TtZFUBTZvuls5sgwOpbLz3aqN93HgpIu2Iuw0QTMq1OkeinGosc/jnmYt5Xq2WUvzg0RsD5535m9A+UIhuPEJ7bNRSbyKFnN8nkcz8mokz3EWLSfPnV2dBM4z4u/jz+9dXJSXmaZ2zoqj3/X+HnTJun4gBl3bADMR5Fmm+67WFCiGX/jmZKxOtMnaBvHP455mNfY6OfFeSzKLSKj/CcnvzQfLEdwHI0+Dzw9Hj8WQfNRSwAiW/mjx4Zh14N7TXd4Lo2by35reLs3zdTMRtD8rz9+1+j3x1jUfcet0vaYuZsaAXhMLDJmLi/tNt3vp7YX4cpPXO09egMJmFdjO9WPf6y/pn3byRi5OTHdIgLlKINo1CmXgXLcjppRrouM8qN31etiQ2QrvzG8fXh4+0KaBsk7aRw8R93sd+v/Qfz+Tg0D53feaHFpxwZr1N53P2YuAijLTPJQpPoHpEWb7vczsxfh/u91VPJBpwTMy1ekenb5pjusv6YLjdplj4k0auj7xjBYboyCmw2Uj6vMKj/9UDXScSIyyjekcfnVfsf8gzT+gBOBcxUJxu9TtnksMsw33FqbTV97zWtF8xheljkf06Z766+5CAHz8nW2/toxDxPbSXa5EpnkqFV++muPTb8ZWcVoHls0UA7xhhjPw2ZWeZDG2eMvTK4PI35dBNf31v+byDZ/++6HOpvcsSnu7HKZSWg2E8oy99/0vXj+lKE99iL0hoB5uW5P9VKMeIIuMiLJMQ97e6C8yD27HFnaaBiL2uBKBMixBKONDV5lsPzWa/XvRnlFBL676Xh20jjYriLCl184NyolyblEI4KNeDxX2s4yx+Ni+uFJlrnfitTm/oP92IvQKwLm5Xqkulr0+Kcc5D/hmIeJreGtetfPOZsRwfKfDYPlcivfSATJkVVu480xguQ//9LsFIyvpvGH4gtpMYM0Drq/UX6jDP5zDppjzFyliyyzWuZcVA3Ry1p/rTRu8wmYl6fdUgwzl9mb2uU0DZYb9cpx5N7WDN8IliOzPK1XjgA5ssJtp5BOp3EQPpJ70BzbERsTM145m1oVGWYTM/puO40TC2PWX3NIAublKFKH66+/8pRSDEaKVHsjyPUFei5YjrKnGBHXVhZpPlgepMVKMC4m3tEjGB9lrXMPmhsTM6ZLR9pzY+Nx8kCiT4pUb7rvav11vEbM7EWQXd58AublmHbiRgajxfXXkUWMrAsk2eVRY9xcsBwZpLa63+P598xDs8HyZ9PhG/uOazcJmkfm5jK/9GxqVTxWpr0lkWW+PdEXy1l/Ha8RE/Yi9IeAuXvToeghMl2LcMzD3opUayjN9QU6pkk0yjDi+dbW1q6ywW9aszxIywmWS+fTTND8WKbTMxpZ5mh+bjPLXG7/m5Jl7oftVG+6X/S9eD/2IvSWgLlbRWpz/bVjHva3VV5c8+mZDFwmYl5xY3Nf1CtfezK1JjbMTYPlCFqPMjKuLfEHrGqao6ExxznN8fi+vHzti2C57VrmKN+ZZpm3Ur3mlU0UJwXN9ddFB6+RMzOXb/7yHd6je0TA3K14go67rNs4/nHMw/6m5RgZPi5+9tTZ0bziSnw4bbPzPbJGzYkMMSu55RENh7aTakHzi088O7rl5pP1EXO/PJdaFcFys4xHWcZmW3opRnyga0x1YeMJmLuznTpaf/3Byz7kmIe6eDMv4iJepHP7IBWlCU+fqi0liUCnzTfEWHfdnPkbo96eS6sVLyiPlnciy5xbPXMEI/FaONLFiLlrGqcT9yQj5jZVkZax/jpOOWrz2M1c7h8BczeKZP01y3NPeRHlGLmJJr+qjjeeZ22Njgvx3Dv7WP07ESifTuvhdJpkuePPH/XMOYlguZFlfrXlLLNFJn2xnPXXtWZ879H9JGDuRrvHP4552F+RasfFuZ08RGa10eQXJzmLbM+cVWuyTeN65a+m9VHWUY+aAEf1zPWylAzccGstC9zFiLlmlvkziU2zvPXXGv16T8Dcvq3U5vprxzwcbKu8iOxyTlmNCJTn6pbbPGqdmXeexnXLg7ReBqm2DTA+QDQ2G/ZcY8RcF81/zRFzW0nz3yYpUv00aNGT3v3MvE7c+0RH0zdYOQFz+6YrN9tYf+2Yh4NVI69ya/aLUoxK2408M8+9NK4X3k3rKT5F75Z3GvXcGbjh87UssOY/pprrr7vILu+xFyHHCUW5EDC3y/prlqkY3qpX5+tvbXGE2pqLqRhzpRhtmi/FOJ3W273lRYzWe/mFlgPHNdZoco3GvwstNz/ON/+x/rbTMtZfx9Ic79HZEDC3p0gdrr92zMMeqhRrZDaqiQE9NyrFqM8ebrsUI94Am6UYUfJwIa23QaqVZjwzzDLnstAkHveNrF7bZRnR+Nfc/LeVWGdFWsb663id+Pl0nKMT4P4TMLdn2okbm8UWKcWIWjzHPFzcbeVFVtnl79Wyy10ctf6oUdKwM7ltgkijVVsAc5rN/KkuZzKH5uY/Web1tpyZy9+dloTZi5AHAXM7muuv73w4LUQpBhcXn6CKuIgM2w2ZBMxzjX5tvxnGkX4z4PpG2hwRLFezmV98/NlssszxgbE6YYkm6bZnMje3wkUds5nM62k7zTbdd8FehCwJmBdXpPp8zkWPfxzzcDjb5UWj6ann/rJeihHPs7ZnqjYXlMSdQdosp9Pk9xzBci5Z5tGHxvrz4PUOAubp63oEy4781s/8+uuuZi7bi5AlAfPi2j3+cczD4WRXjhHZ5Z8+VatPva3luv75bXGblF2uq37fuWWZK21nmMN1jddiZRnrZ3rS22UpxvNnqkt7EfIiYF7Mdqof/yxaiuGYh8MpUoblGI3scnMLWzs2P7tc2kmTWuYIln/2VMtNcGsq+jwaq7LbnpYxX5bB+ihSm033+4mG0tqHMXsR8iJgPr4izR7/RLPfcTnm4fCqN+tcVmFHdjnGpVWua/nkJZ5//cgul6pa5pd/mMeIuQiWr/x47TW4i1XZpmWsq2nT/bUnrb+mEwLm42u3FMMxD4dXlWPkkl3+22Gw3JiMoXb5YqqJGfFBo/Fho8c6XWISLDFZR9P34vC5+1MnNONnT8B8PJHW267utTFz2TEPh9PIbOUybrAxd7nt2sT5ucuPps0XwfJ3yzuNv78em1ti8uuW67ebS0xuS6xakdpsut/PzF6EO890FJSz1gTMx/P96sr6a5Zrq7yI4+ccHiuvdp1dbk5U2B3e+pKO3Skv4u8wh+a/uSUmbTf/RdndtCyjSPXMJqsQ2eXxiL+uGv322IuQy8keTQLmo7P+mlWqslq51C/HopJK0cGfufZmmGpZ2R6IaHG3vJPLiLnG86Lt8XIRLDd7VZRlrM52qp/0drX+2ns0EwLmoylSvRM3tj+1uP7aMQ+HUEUDOWQ55kbJdbGoZDpNIcoYdlK/PF9evPqTPOqYGxnmLuqYm2UZW4lVKFK96f6mO6y/pnMC5qOZlmLEk/OmBRrzHPNwdEWaBMxzR8899bf1ZrXI7LX9pvhKo3b5udQ/Oymz5r/GeLkIeNoeL3dt43X6M4lVsP6apRMwH952qm93WvT4xzEPR7dVXlz5iQVGGG6Qn9bLMW7sYHJMs8a1T+UYpQiWp1nmTKZlNMbLtV2WEQFac7xcHrVR6yPKYLarexEsT/892mMvAjMEzIdTpPrxj/XXrEaVzcqlHKMR4LVdv9wsxxikWr1vz+yUF4168B5rjJfrYuvftcoyVuiR6mpJ669v/vId3qMRMB+S9desgypibGTQeupvZ4PlbssxdlN/xV/kqCxj7kNITzWeH10EzB9tPP+2EsuynFKMHz1WXToBpiRgvrjtVD/+ue1UWkjtmCd4InJIjaPfHOqXG+UY13XwobL/5Ril7Moy5uqY257HrI55FYq0rPXXtWZRexEoCZgPFkFKc/31IsfC1l9zfFvlRS7j5Dotx3jrtVzKMUq75UUu0zI6XZM9X8dcJLo2XX8drwfWX7NkAuaDtXv845iH49sqL3Iox3j5hVqA08V0jMHcspK+qyaA5LLEpNEYGx+Q2tb8ELeV6NIDqf6hZNGT3v3MNOPffF8HjcZsLAHz/opUX7nZxvprxzwc33XlRQ7lGOd/WAuYu1hW0sw4/jj1X5Rl7JZ3zr/QwXziNdN4nnQRMF/VeFyalNGdItVLMZa0/jqyy1VZDyQB80Gmxz/WX7N61RvyxzLIML/xi1qAc03LE0GinjW/DHPIro650kXA3Nz4p465O92vvw4zexE04zNLwLy3aSlG1Km1vP7aMQ9HFO/8ozeMePz0/cNWTHJ4sx4wd1G/PBWR4yDlYbe8ePmH/c8wR3bw8vK5Eh+S2g6amwFzkcqgjjZtp2Wsv6414yuXZD8C5nlFarMTN45+HfOwmKK8yGFhSafBcsivHKNUjZeLGuZ33mh5A94aajTI/l3LAXMkU6bvDRr/2lekZa2/1ozPIQiY5z1ZXS26/jqcnTb69fWYJwKcXBqJVmSrvMih4a/T6RihmWncTXnZLS9ezqCOufF86b7xTx1zu5pN9zd2dDJb24sQH7CUYrAfAXPTdqp3Oy96/JPBMc/PnjqbvnHyS+lPb30wvS9g7krV8JdFwFwfe3ZVBzFInvXLpSqj3sjk91QjU9hFwNxcYCJgbs9Wml1/3UV2eWYvwhcf72j6Br0gYJ4qUtvrr3t+zBO1pj/45k6ic9Ub8eU9PyqMU4pGIHdFyx8QmsFyVaKQkd3yIod5zJ1nmD/ceD5el2jL9KS3y/XXLz1b3VWKwcUImKc6W3/d12OevxwGy29nUAe5Yicmt1Hte98zzHPB8iUt1/s3g6bXU34aa7L7XkYVHzCrnpFo/LvQ8uuVDHMXlrP+OhJakw2QGv04DAHz2HaqH/987v60kAyOeSKw+elTZxOdq96Es2v4u6KDP+/rWZdjlKq/hBzGy3WaZbbxr21FWtb661ozvr0IHIaAea/119cuMPc1k2Oeb9/9UGIpqoA5h+kqjTKBLgLmZoax/9Hi3l4pL3KYlNH4oPluB3/eZkAny7yY6f6DeP4vYf31zV++QykGhyJgbvv4J4Njnh8oxVimorzIYcNf43H10Q4C5vkZzDnKKsN8edeNf/PzmDme5vrrOx9OnZjZi6AUg8PKPWAuUtvrr3t+zDNq9Duzk1iarCZkdDqDWcNfabe8ePNvTMpY2EcFzC0oUv29uKv111GSZS8Cx5R7wNzZ+uu+HvM0SjHiBe2Eo6yOFeVF31/YO69f/k2jwS3Hhr/SoLzIofGv8UHz1x38WZuTMorEcSyn0e+5M9VlX/cixKjXSGrlMDZy2XIOmKdP0NDy+uu+zlxuPAnv6V8GfQ0V5UXfM8yNcowuPojNZ5hzVv35+17H3JiUEa/RbQfNzQyz0XJHt53qTfddlWJkshfhO/edGZVNCpjbl2vAXKR6J+6ixz8ZHPPMzVzu6siMuumEjNzKMa5Qv9yxqvEvhzfWxutx26PlmqMPi8RRFGm26b6rZl97EVhQrgHzI9VVG8c/GRzzNGYud3lkRt2J8uKDJ/pfZ9eop+2i4a+ZWRykvA3KizcyCJgbHzj/ruU/bwTMJ5RlHNNySjHsRaAFOQbM28Pb7dU9668vKo55GjOXb7M+dEmy2fAXGi/2l3TwAUGGuW5QXuQwWu4jV9WeP13UMTcfr0bLHU78PW1X97qaufzzZ3u/FyFeO+1F6F5uAXORrL8+kmgIahzzxJFZ4f1gSYryIoc5oZ2WZDSD5UGi+sCQw6SMxgfOCx18QGg+Xk8kDuP71VWX6697/h4d/uzWBxPdyy1gbh7/3HhHWkjtmCeG4/fxmOcHSjFW6aryou81zI1JDZGtazvDrBxj1qC86PuUjNBpDXNQknFU0/fieK5bf31s9iIsT04Bc5RhbFf34gm6yJvyzDHP/d/rqLN3heJJ+OIT062FnR2ZsZ9pDbORcouRYZ51YXIbBcx9L8tofODsPmC+KnGQIll/3Yq5vQiX9Pt9YtVyCpinjX5tzFzO7Zgn1oVf378M+poryou+1zDPZZjbZgbzXgblRd+zzJfWP3B2X8P84cRBpqUYESjftOBJ714y2Yvw5H3TgQOjv8t4n6YzuQTM1l8f0dwxz+fuTyxdUV70vYa5kWHuItskw7yXbEbLdV7DfFnjMWsW8/62U70psqtZ/jN7EX73vg6C8hWLZvzGant7ETqXQ8BcpDaPfzI55mmUYpi5vArZlGOERoazi8eaGua9VKvBc6hj7jRobmaYNf3trUhtNt3vJz4cz+xF6P3MZe/RS5FDwDxdfx3THay/vqiY51i9gWr0W5WivMhhQsY7r9cCmMs6+PM2A6QLiTAoL3JoGuq0LKMZrAiY97acmcvPPFRd2otAm/oeMDfXXy86PziTY57GPEfHPKuS1dKSzmuYmwFz7jOYS9UHh/dlmBdnUsZBtlO96b6rWf457kVQLrk0fQ6Yi+Ft2rW26JFFjsc80YzhmGdVivIih5KMxpSGth9zzWyi7PLUoLzIIcPc+OD5m84/IMgyT8XfRXP9dRez/Gea8ft6Ajy3F0Gj39L0OWCOJ+j4RauNIwvHPCxX9YabQ0nG210GzMox9jMoLxolMT3V+aQMZRn7Wfr668gu39zDE2B7EVarrwHzdqof/1h/fVHRbds45ll0TjWLyqbpr/NyDA1/+8mq6e+Dyw2Yi0QoUv2kd0nrr7OYuWwvwtL1MWAuUv34Z9GygkyOeRrzHLtaU8pRFOWFgHlBzeP3dxMlUzLo2rTpvsv11y9NpzplsRdh0QEGHEsfA+Z2j38c87Aal5UXfQ+YO61fDs1s4j8k6gblRd+3/XVOhnnW8tZf9/wE+MXHn22WrXXVNMmB+hYwb6U211/HzGXHPKxGVjXMnWpmE235y9RHus4w/xOzmGuKtIL111956uHUN3Pv0WYur0zfAuYnq6s21l/XZi739Zjn23dPmxlHT0LHPCxZ5xlmDjIoL/o+KaPzGuZLGwHzZSlv0/fiJa2/jmb8Kz9+deobexHWR58C5vbXX2cwz7GxEtfM5XVSlBeXyzAvpplNHCSy1PmUDErbaXzaO9bV+8pLz+Y3c9l79Er1JWAuUofrr+99on/1QlZrsi7elmFepapERQ3zgi5Tw5yWtf46AuWf97vRz16E9dOXgHnaiXvF1a2WYsQxzzUnOxiyvmJmLq+9qgby0gwWl3RKhpm0hJIMwtJnLmezF+HG/g0c2DR9CJgfSPVP83cuWPSf4zGPjtt1ZA4zy5DNaLnOA+ZLsm/62071pvuuVjbX9iLEv2kf36OjVHJuL4Ls8sptesBcpHopxqLHPxkc88Sb4txqzaJ/GXQ2x/sC5lXKahZzp/IOmOfXX3exsnlmL0IWzfj2IqyNTQ+Y211/ncExj5nLGyGb7PJSKMlgQllGZ5ZTivH8meoyi70IXc6v5sg2OWDeTh2tv+7rMU88CV98YppB10SwtrIKmN9+vRbQXubxuGTWY7OoIi1j/XU04w/OV3ftRWDZNjVgLlKH66+zWK0ZHH9D7qqA+X0lGYvJtyRj2nQfZRhdrb/OYC/Ck/dNM+idza/m2DY1YG4e/yzaPZrbMQ/kREkGy5BnwDx9Lw5dNfplshfh1XPTDLqZy+tnEwPm6FDbru61MXM5t2Me1p2RcsC6K1KbTff7sReBNbGJAfP3qyvrrw/lL+tPRDbBtIb5hIAZWEuPVFddNfpFnbm9CKyJTQuYrb8+ormZy8OXnwRr5B2b/liSRkLkghK1BWwPb7dX97oqH8jxPbqrshYW9oG0OYpUP/658Y5k/fXB5o55Uno05TlQH9ibOcwcVZGsv27FnnsRuphfTSs2KcM87cRdtHs0x2OecbPT6QQwJWDmqNptut9PBnsRXnz8WaUYG2RTAubtVO/EXfT4J4Njnui2nSnF+EaqvTkCwBFFGcZ2dS8CvC7Gk2ayF8HM5c2yCQFzkdo8/sngmCc05jmmtDO5AcBxTRv9ulrZPLMX4eYv39H/vQhdza+mVZsQMLfb6Jfb+utxKcY3EgAc30rWX/cxu9woxQga/TbCugfM26l+/HPbgo15OR7zjIPlQQKA4ylSvQfG+utjm3uPNnN5Y6xzwFykeilGHFcUCzTm5XjMk1K88uwkADi+adN9vA9bf31s0YxfNdhq9Nso6xwwP5DaPP750WPVZZ/nOc6sv/5CAtjfdElOBlslzfw+lul7cVj0pHc/Oc5ctv56o6xrwFwMb9NUaRvrr395rrrb22Oe5sxlpRjAxWQVMHNkRVrB+uvILvfN3Hv0TXf40LZh1jVgnh7/WH99KGYu98p0Nu6F/s/GtX0N1laURY4/VC1x/XUfm/Hn1l93Nb+azqxjwDztxI35ji2vv775vv49SPdYf31vYpNVAfP7lknAZvh147nah5n326nedN9V+UCMee15Kcabv3it+R5t5vJGWreAuUhtduLucczTt2PHudWa4ya/3QSMNRcrWA1PN/oVMBep3nTfVfnATDN+X0+Av333Q9M7Zi5vrHULmJ+srjpYf23mMmRIwMxEY/33JWq2D7Ccmcu1vQg3fP5kDu/RHncbbJ0C5u3hbau6t+jxTwbHPPEkfPGJZ+vf0ujHxrn8qlpG6V01zEtWlBd9zOzNEjAfylZa8vrrcNc3+7e8Y4+9CGywdQmYi9T2+usMjnlmZi7vJDOX+6I6zp0ZEwisq2bD6iBtrulJb5frr1+aJnuyKMVg461LwNzZ+utMjnkiwFKK0R99aBhaH80P30UiS7/SQHsYyynFiITWpOa7zzOXo9mP/liHgHk7dbT+OmRyzPNoUorBhrq03oj7a0HNkmUzh7kRMJtQsJciLWv9da0ZP5O9COcTG2/VAXO8WLe7/jqDY55nTj1WvztIZi730aC8eKfnZRkf7Dpg1vR3EItL2vLuxpdkTPcfXHH1UtZf3/zlO3LZi/BoYuOtOmBu9/gnk2Oel184V//WZxNsMAHzSl1WXlza84DZWuwDNddf3/lw6kSO66/tReiNVQbMRWp7/XV+xzxKMTLQ99rLDy63JEPA3CTD3JZm09+7aXMUaRnrr189Zy8CG22VAXNn668zOuY5neirQXmhWWlBzTd/AXOmljxSbpMad7tffx3OTksJ+7oX4cXHn7UXocdWFTB3uv66j8c8r547P3vME09E0xT6q/q37XvA3Phwe6GDeu1/oiTjAEV5cXnP5zC/33XAvJmb/rbTMtZf15rx+7wXYaYZ316EnllFwFykemZ00ZWbr5/v/TFPePK+M/W7O8nM5b6rjnTfFzAv5tLG68FlibrqA0Tfa5jf7rqGefMC5iJZf92amb0IzyXv0b2zioD5keqqjeOf56aBpPXX9Eg2GebONbOJH07UqWFuy+YtLmk23d94R+pEbS/CNZ++Po/11yl9NdE7yw6Yt4e326t7ix7/OOahv7IJmC/vOsN8WSObdVWilFWw/M5yM8zrLua3blf3upq5/PNnG8/pLz6+4J6FNRTv0S8+8Wz9W96je2qZAXORrL8+spljnhh+vpPIwaC86Psc5tDppAxj5fZTlBd9fO2c9fbrtefRZZ0HzIO03r5fXXW5/jqD9+hoxq8lNQZJM35vLTNgbvf4J4NjnpmO2/CFRC6yKsnoNGC2Gns/0wzzCeUYC9uckgzrr1uyx8xlexF6bFkB83aaPf5ZpEvZMQ/9VwXMjcxYTzUyT2+9llrXfL0pEqEoL5RkLGhzGv6KVM+A3niH9dfHZC9CfpYRMM+vv1505nImxzxmLmdtUF70fUpGuPyq2nP4N7b9LUlRXmRRktFlwLw52eXp/oP4O7ipg0Y/exHoqWUEzNOVm9ZfH8oexzxKMfIzzTBnUMPcGGnWRePfFVfX7xWJUH1w6PsM5l+ZwRy2U/2x39XM5Zm9CL97X0fTN1bozV+8Zi9ChroOmItU/9Rl/fVF7bNa83wiNxdS7QW4741/nU/KkGHeSzUxpO8Z5s4nZLy79hnmIrXZdL+fPfYi9PGx9e27H6rf3Uma8bPQdcA8Pf659qT114dg5jI1eW7762I8VzM4uD4Rshkr13mGufkh7/W0fpbT6GcvAj3WZcA8fYKGz92fFpLBMY9GP2ZUJwt9L8u48uO1kokumv6aAbNtf2PVB4e+l2TEEXqlq212tXtpvWynetP9bR01yee5F0GjX0a6CpiL4W06923R459MjnlmZi7vJMc8uavWY/e9JOODXdcwf7RRwyzDPM4uVxnmvpdkdL4Wu/mYXacSuiLNNt0XHTz8M2nGnynFGAxv/asLZV9dBczxBB2/GFt/fSgzxzyRoXDMw6C86HuGOQLmTuuYjZWbVZQXjex+T71TH8340Q7+vOvb9Ndu0/1+ansRrvzE1b18j45m/MZJhZnL2ekiYN5O9eMf668vyjEP+xiUFzmMlmtMymi7LCOChWnQ3MiuZqooL3JYWtJ5DXPz8TpI66FI9ZPeJa2/vv97D6e+2WPmsnLJDLUdMBepfvxz04JD0TM55nnm1GP1u4NkniNj1dHuG3/TQV3vmvnYJ2qZv3c7yKjb+FdXncvnkGFuZAavaPnPO1+/vC4Z5mnTfZfrr1+a9t3Yi0CftR0wt9uJWzvmiexyX495Xn7hXP1bjnkoDcqLvtcwh0bg1v0s5tzrmK8rL3KYwVxlmCO73HaGeT3rl6fvxfHn7XL9dc9PgPfYi3BvIkttBsxbqcP115ms1nTMQ12VrWq86fdU5+uxNf7VVSUpfc8wdz4ho/lYfTetXpHa3H+wn5m9CF95qn+lGPvsRdhNZKnNgPnJ6qqN9dd5HvPouGXWoLzoe5a589FyH1aSUZNNSUbjg2b3S0vWIcM8fS9e0vrraMbv4+PIzGXq2gqY2y3FyOCYJ8owrNbkEF4pL2Y6tHsnnuvVeLmYOtD2ApNmhvkzKV8RLI8yzPH33felJZ3WL4fmh7tVB8zbaXzaO7ak9dd9bca3F4G6NgLmInW4/rqPxzxhptFvJ5m5zN4G5cUbPQ+YQ+MkadBy7GFSRqkoL678RAYNf/WG2e5Hyg3S6hRpGeuvI1C2F4EMtREwTztxYyB6i+uvHfNAXo1/13y6Vlr8bueNf1spT1lNyOh0aUkEy+uTYV7O+utaM34mexGC92gWDpinQ9HDois3X3o2x5nLjnk4yG558WYOo+XqAdygg9ijGTAXKU9VOco1J/vf+9hpScb6BMvbacnrr6OURykGOVkkYC5SvRRj0eOfeBL+vP+NfjPHPPECu5Ngf4PyIl7I+z4p4z+tB3BdNP7JMIfqL7nvI+VePVeLYbuoX26egryeViNKi6y/bkk049deZwfJzGUmFgmY211/ncExz4uPPzt7zPOFBBdXvetn1fgXb9Btz2O+qhFI5Nj412j463tJxjtdlmOE9cgwL6cU45mHqst4nt58XwfTN1Zsj5nL9iJQOW7AvJ06Wn/tmAfmZDMpIzSCuNc7b/wrUl6qTwyNevGeemO5EzJ20/IVaRnrr6MZv/ZnzWQvwqPJezQ1xwmYi2T99ZFZrckCsskwh0Yg10VZRvO4+vaUl7zql+t1/1d18OdtPj4HafmWs/661ozvPZpcHSdgbh7/3LjgsUyexzxKMTiKKmB+I4PGv0Yg10XjXzNwui7lZau8yGFCRucNf9ORchfS8gNm669bErXu9iJwMUcNmLfS7PrrRWcu53fME3dW2U3N5mlkmPve+BeBXFXH3AxK2pFvhrmY3EZ/v33PMDeeK81SnHasdsNfkeoZ0EVPevczsxfh3ic6mr6xYk/ed6Z+dydpxmcPRw2Y211/ncExz0yj3yCZ58jRNbJXfS/LmGtGe/VcalVkGvOsY94qL7JYWNJ1/XLz9OPHabkeqa66avSLD6ozexH6+CHLXgQO6ygBs/XXR6TRjxZVb8jZ1TF3UZaRZ5b5tvLihltPpr579Se1x03Ref3yblqe7VR/zFp/fWz2InAUhw2Yi9Th+uu+HvNYrUmL8mr8q2eyftlyhjk065hvS3nYKi9yaPhrTMj4aOcZ5mWVZBRpWeuvM9iL8O27H6rfHSTv0RzgsAHztBM3npyLlGLkecwTR+qOeVjEbnnRyJz1VLwmVHXM8ZrRdpa5+RpWzSbusa00+TNGtrDvDX9Ru9xpScZ8sLysBrF2m+73k8FehGjGn0k+mLnMgQ4TMDfXXy96/OOYB46jelOOx9c7b7S80GMNffL3a2/SbdcxRw3z9Jg+Asm+l2XcU17kMH+5EQjFv3PbDX+vryS7vJ1mm+7b/nOFTPYizDTje4/moi4WMBepPhTd+utDmem4HQxvHRWZkZnqjbmx8renGnW23Zdl3JP6bau86GO2cNbLL9QeL903/D2fuje//rqrmcv2IsCeLhYwt9vol8kxz0ww45iHtlRvzDkEzI3xcvFGrizjuOLPVsRFnOpZWNKC5a/Enp70drn++vlpsiejvQj3JjiEgwLm7VQ//rnz4bQQxzywqGmGOYM65nid6LQsIwKPZlnGduqnB8qLHMoxon658YGy7QkZ8cFtOht8kLp/jS9Sm033+4lm/NqH0j7uRYjHxh57EXYTHMJ+AXORZo9/FjnWyveYRykGbdpNmdUxN8oyzp9NrctjWsZWeZFDOcZcsNxt/fJu6t606f7ak9ZfL8DMZRaxX8Dc7vFPBsc8UTNntSZLUL1bN+o0e6rzaRk3NV6LtlL/yjKimbGIi1zKMc7/sFf1y9OyyPC5+1Mn7EWAi9orYC5SvdGvjZnLPT/mCc+ceqx+dyeZ50g3sqpjDjd/uRbU1k6qWtGclhEeTP1SZc1zKMcIjefFNS0vaJn/0LabulOkNpvu9zOzF+HOMx0F5StmLwKL2itgnh7/WH99KI55WKLnyosc6phDo4ygWT/ajuYJ2gOpP4pUq8vuY9ZwVrwOV6/F8x+GFjdfjtHlKWJkl8cnHktcf93HLZD2ItCG2YB5evwTLzbWX1+Umcss2WBym29u6qm5UoKXnk2tata5RoCylfqh0ezXx2TFrL/tstkvNMcb/jh1ZzvVm1C7Wn8dY17ze49+NHmP5hjqAXOROlx/nckxz25yzEP3qrKMHOqYQ5xOVeJNvu0sc3Nj2tdTP9xeXnwqg2a/8NPv1fpIrukgU7qccowi1R+DUWff1frrTJrxawbJzGWOqR4wf7+6iifnTQs05mVyzPPi48/Wj3mCeY4sQ1WW0Whw6rG55r9XWp6YEa930yzzVtr8LPN2qjX75TAdYynj5C40Su92Uzfa3X+wn9pehBs+f7K3exFmmvHtReDYyoB5O42H248tevyT5zGPUgyWJbs12aHR/PfzlssyIli+tvGhftOzzNXvv5Gd77Hz9dOWCJbbzso2P6Ttpm5spSWvvw53fbN/J8B77EVQisFCImAuUv3NoY3115kc80RGY2KQHPOwPBEs75Z3ZjIovRXjKBub/9qey3zj3Ii5rbSZtlNm2eXwcv205drOyzG+m7rxZHVl/fVCrL+mbREwd7b+OqNjni8kWK7peLlMpmVEsNzpiLmY2ds8xt/ULHN22eVIXjTq+duuX45V2BcaUxZ2U/uWU4rxo+kI1L6eAEdpjr0ItO0DqX78c9uptJA8j3minjSeiEXaDJdVV1ELeiGP4/wWFGm1LqTmC3487h4Z3k7Em0OUZeQwBSGyzNE7MDrdicduTMy4scVFSBGkDKoP/VuT227aHFXQlVN2uVGOER982i7HaE5meS61r0jLWn9dm/TR170IT953pn53J2nGpwUfqK7i6GeRJolMjnn2aPS7PdW60TfK2cfGNw7jr9JqRYbkdO1+BM+RWt6KO5FNyWHObpllrj60xof0625pr84zXgPjtXBa7hEB6G7aDEWqLbrIJbscGuUYXZQxdF+OMX19KR+DbbMXARYybvpr4/inFiz39ZgnvPmL1xKsieqN++VMpmWEyDJfXr7RxylJ23OZm41WW6l+CrfeqkUXOWWXIzjqtByj++kYMS+7qO4tetK7n5m9CPE86hvN+HRpnGFueeZyX495wuVXXZHeebP/R9+k9JHhv3X6rbQyv7rwXr2xdC9VWUZ8kIvSjMaCj56KLHNkx75THruWWea2jrDj50SZxzQJEIFoWXq1rrZTLbD/ylMPp1zMLSvZrOkYRaqfHHW1/vrVc4336Hj+VA20PTKzFyEeGDsJWvKBUTfxosc/tTrYmLnc51rKex/v6NM/a+ePfrjaD36RKZmpl58VAVxkmUcb3SLLlkPAHCJ7Gksqqrm7z59pdxtazGWOQGn82lakcdD81bSeIqtcNfrFa/CVH7865eLfPF47Ybiug6x6c7tf2+UY3a+/DrXSu3h89LUZf6ZcUjM+rfrttmc85tB4BGukakD62TCAvEhGulfufaL24TWOzdsszYjXxc81mpYjdbWV1lOj0S+HWvZSBEiNMrm2l5XEh6ZfN8aH7qb2bKdlrL+uNeP3ei9CM7mgFIPW/XYCNtlumpQKzG0667nRm3+9sW1mSs/C4vStGYDFjNwTab1sp5lGv5ySFo21x9ff0n45w/m50WRtKZL1160xc5llEDDD5nu0vHjx8ZYb4NZcZMuq8oPIBD7zUD0juLhowJqewhWpvlhi9Yo0U4qRS6NfqfEBse1yjAg2m9MxdlN7mjOXb+yoAa+2F+GaT1+fy16EexN04AMJ2HRxljsKnCKAiCPqnGpYo8HtT05+aVyOEgsmIqP2uZZmwEcwE0FzBOJjMUIyopBVdzZHpjtGkRVxJ7dSjNCoWY1/p7bLMZqLceLOILVjK82uv+4iuxzr42snLl/sYf9NPOdnSjHiE06R1m+yzWeqq/g3eaWj7az57FWI1+EiLZmAGTZfuXlsK+5E819OAXNZmvH0qUljUwQKbWbtojQjjsx/XmXvYzJJvDHvptWZZijTeDJRbv0jjWa/Lprlupu9bP11S158Ym4vQnxqWqdToHnxuBrkUzrXkQfSCijJgH6o6iurTXgZiZmyjbXZMRXgfItZnMhYX9H4EPL9tLrtjxEsV2ftd525P7tgOU5ROm/262b28nLWX0ewPClN6vPpwztv2FTL8sgwQz/spnHW8/oIliPzktsR/V3fvD+9+pPz00DqR4+Ng9wrWsq23/nwuCZ0HEiVJRGfTcvtxo+A63R5JzKHfVxAcTGNWv0umv1qG/FSe81+8Zg5Xd3rqhRjZuZyn/ci5DJG8zj69iH6hs+fHO3BWJW3X39LwAw9EsfGo3eQGDGXW8Acop45lheMjmkjwxYBbozraiNojuAmftaff6nM3hVpuUFzI1iOJr8c/43j37bR5NV2lra7zX7TCSvRSNpFKUaoNb1GkNHn04doYsyt0TVXq04MRH+Qkgzoj500GTEXQUVOI+ZKcfz8r4YZtcbq7Aiaf9nS6vAyaG5Ozqia7zrUCJajRv3Ob7bU2LhhGqPkutjs12z2201dfBhqef/Bfvq4zQ9WRcAM/RHBcjVi7iJbAntrz6A5ply0tdgkstV7B81bqRvRZHi6vBPBchyz5xgMzX0Q7H6UXJuzl4ENJmCGfomCxVGWOQKLHLPMYS5oDtEI+KPHUiv2D5q/ntpT1klXDX4xSzfXYDlEqVFjlFzbZQ3djZIDNpyAGfpFlnliz6A5RsM9elc780ojaP7Dv5gtCTidxmOtirSYreHt5VTLWkfN8h/9MN9gOfysy9rleEx0t9kP2HACZugfWeaJCJb/+NxfNEfORWAUQXMzm3g8ZU1zs6lwO40zw9vp6CKr/EiaqYuOaRj39nDxxFHMLSqRXQaWSMAM/SPLXBMZ2Rg5F/OKG2J0WATOi85rjuAtMs3NjGeRxpnml9Phs83bw9v/nmolGPF7jxKMHKdhzGo8jmWXgSUTMEM/yTLPiLFEZ37xdLNEIwKl58+0EzhvbY+zzc0SjRjzF0FwBM9b+/yX27VfU40ei3rl+P2aNTsOlmWXgVUSMEM/NbLM1drozEWwHEFoZJsPDJyPW+McY87ms80hvvFXaVqqUaRxg+A/pJma5/h9xTzp3OuVSxEoq10GVs3iEuivyDI/MLydiO13EXQY8j8W2ebrbz2Z/vLMTvrp92rBUhk4hwh+rzmZ0u8Mv370CItPYnJGZJsjCxqZy2YwtpX2yTRHcBy11vF7EyhPxVa/TrPL5b/32E6SXQb2IGCG/iqzzKNRZ5FljiBRMDYWmdxopPuvTm2PAudYq10FZiHm8ZYzeSMILtdsXzYM2j58xXSk3GW1TPVv3hvPfY7A+/3JxrUI8g7IWAuU9xf/HrHmvdJ2dvmVs+YuA4ciYIZ+iyzzPcNb8at33xsFHxrImsrAOUQWPtYuR/DcEEFwPYBuQdQox7+FGuX9Nbb6xYeVtrPL0fg5FXcGCWAPAmbot8gyR9Ys6mRHx9ufuvuW9JGPtbxOuCeiZCVukdn820mz5Fzm+Zguv+qKUXAcN5n+i4u/+5/Wa5fvfDi1KmZyTzP/gyS7DBxAwAz9t5PGWeatyDJ/574zo1Fl7C+yzpdPgucQf29RBx63CJ7fGd7ie3F7/933qv/u0mEQHIFw/PeXTr7Gh5MIkgXIR/PkfbXa4sgsn2jxQ14Eys1V6VG6NEgA+xAwQx4ie7YVF+WYOaUAhxfBbpkdpnuNMXJRK9527XI0Yzazyz5BAgcyVg7ysJtqY+Yie/erWmYU1sVco99Nd7SbXX713Ozkkq8mgIsQMEM+TqfJMpMISnLfAMh6ika/6sNcBMptZ5fPNmaS7wxvzyWAixAwQz4iWL63vBNZPBsAWSfllJLKPS1XSsRUDI1+wDEImCEvkU3bLe8ozWBdzJ16tF2K8dZrsyuwI1geJIBDEDBDfiLLrDSDtfLMqceaG/3aLMWIOdrPPFT/zs7kBnAoAmbIzyDNlGa8/MK5BKsSH9oaj8HbTk03KbZhfiqGUgzgSATMkKcozfhueSdKM95pYTkHHNXolOPMzvQbW9spFS2O74v11z9vzFxWigEcmYAZ8vVgmgQO5UITWKZ43P3ZrQ9Ov9F2KUZkleenYuwkgCMSMEO+oo75C+WdmJjx9KnHEixLo245SjDanorx3QfH9ctjg2TmMnBMAmbIW8yVq4KIqGf+2VNnE3Qt6pYbI+Q+d3+7UzF+9Fi9bjl8Nk2aXQGOSsAMRFqvWt4QWeY3f/Fagq7E46tRtxwj5K6/JbUm5i0365bjQ+EgARyTgBkIMTVjEBdRV/rtux/SBEgnogQjHl+VyCpHdrktr5+fnbccK+FbrvUAciNgBkIcVVdH1hHUPDYMaiw1oU1lk19j3nKbdctRgvFco3l1kMbNrQALETADpUGqNQHGsfkzmgBp0Z/Wg+Vw58Pt1S1HsBxNfs15y59NAC0QMAN1u6nWBBhNWSZn0IaY9d2ojY8yjCuuTq2ISRjNYLk8MRkkgBYImIFZcUZebUKLyRnWZ7OIuYkYsZwkGv3a0gyWQ1WTD9AGATOwl9OptgkwJhoImjmOeNzMbfJrcznJ82dSeqsx1SVOSJ5LAC0SMAP72U6CZhYwFyzH6Li2g+XzjbnhcTJiIgbQOgEzcJCYMHC+vCNo5rD2DJZvO5Vas3ewfDoBdEDADBykbJ4SNHNonQbL0eAnWAaW7AMJ4GBl0PxXw9v18Y0yGPq9r20nqIupKtEoWmk7WI4Gv2bNsmAZ6NwH0uD8+AVoEbXu5J9972x69SfnE3n54hOn0kc+1tI81TURY7DeXuG2uzXbtFcGzVEfek98I4Lm+D3e+0SLx+xsrFhKEnO7G9Mw2gyW433mmYcEy8BKfGD0InShvTfmCDDetlKXHnj13HmP5aYImrcn16OgOYKjN37xWrr/qYd794GJwyvXXTfmLLcdLM+PjhMsA0ujhhk4qu1Um9McQVJscFuzjDhLEsFyrLtuBMsxOq6tYPn14Ynln39pNliO0XGnE8CSRA2z1aH5eCRNalBb2bIVjTcXsgmSVr0IYZDWy+nJ16/H/4mg6Rsnv5TuOnN/+uTdtyTyECV4T3/tsVE5RiVeW9paSrK7k9KPd+rfiVOOWN++mwCWKALm3UQuLlRXESwX1ycObTfZHDbrdBpPz3hyeDsRQdN3ou779bc0A2Zgrrnvkg+Ns8rXnkwLKydh/PJc/buDZN01sCJKMoBFxEa1G1ItiIlmwMg2K9HopzhNiBKcRrB84oqU/vAv2gmWo6kvSjCawfJuEiwDKyRgBhY1SONgplpHXNY1/+yps4n+ePmFc+lPhh+GoiG2EidVESyfaKHp8+fP7lWv/GgSLAMrZg4z0IZBGteWnk61uuYo0Ygxk1GiYYrG5opym1hG0sgqh7bqlSNAjhKMQWMkaZSQRXPfTuqjrvo/3p/Wk//qwntOejJ06WUfSh8c3vpk1Y/jeC4JmIE2nU7jACeWnBTxjRg9FxnJCJo1BG6e+Lebm0ke2eSoV26jDyKyytHY9+v36t+NyDk+gA1SH0Ww/OhdqWtxIhA38hJ7Efr2WjtKvpxb7Y4PATPQtkEaH6GfTpN5zbLNm2fPRSQh5itHZvmSBTNYe2eVQ5RgLLhNC6BdAmagC4M0nte8m8YlGkV8M4KvyHjdfN8dJmmssRcff3bUvNkYF9fWFIzIJL/07HhkXNMgjcc37qb+GiRyc2JyGz+HLumoVCKeV81Tmj4bpBUQMANd2knjAOh0mmSbR/Www2AsGgKVaayXOPKMcXGNJSShrazyK8Ns9dnH9npjj0U4sXb9QuqvwfD2O4ncnE6Tvo5Rvf9ntlMn4rTmfDZN1iv5YC1gBro2SONscwRE30+TbHNZpvFvhtnMWHhyzUlzwVclAuVo6purEWyrVjm29UVGeb78YjeNG/tWW5wIcBECZmBZIiiKDNt2qpVplCPoImCOjLPAeXn2DZQjk3zjHeOM2CJZ5f0D5X5PwAB6R8AMLNtOGmcWo7HrgfKbEbQJnJdj30A5tFF+cXCgHE19fS+/AHpGwAyswiCNA+YInE6nSX1zKAPnyz92hRrnlh0YKEfZRZRfHHcBSdQlRw1l1Cm/9dpevyKHOmWgpwTMwCoN0rhE43SaCZzLGucI8Mqss3F0RxdNljH1IpaONKZelCJQjkak49YpR3D86rnxPOX5Zr4Ijr+bxoHyIAFsKAEzsA4GqRk435Ymo5gicH77qbOjkXQROH/q928ZfRU87y8C46gN3zebHKL04rpbjhcol9nkCJQHe/58pRdArwiYgXUySOPAuRjetlKtOTBE8FcGgILnpjJI/tn3xrOu98wmL9LMF0FyBMjnJyUXe898HaRpRlmgDPSGgBlYR4M0bg6M21YaB9H31H/BbPB8w+dPjr5e+fGrUy4iKD4f649/eG70d7FnkBwiixyBcnw9SqAc2/h+ee6gTHJpN41rlHcTQA8JmIF1t5umy0+20jhw3qr/gnrwHM2CEThf8+lx8NynADoC4tGf9SfjP+/cgpG6aN6LkoujZJMjQI4JF4PJLe7vb3d4ez6NP9TIJgO9JmAGNsUgTbPORdoneK7XPIcPXvahUdAcAXQE0hFQb0IJR1liMbr9zWujADn+bAcqg+TIJF+sNjlKKv5uGHD/n6+Ng+Qos7hwkZ8/DpJ/nMb/BoMEkAkBM7CJBmk+eL5t8vVE/RdWWdla81sZRMft8qvGAXQZSMf/tkzvDIPgN4ZB8fvD3+cbw8A47keQfNHgOETm+IqroyYlpWtPzo+Ei6C4DIz/Yfjz3n1rHBRH9vjX7x3mtxeZ4900DZJlkoEsCZiBTTdI0+A5RGp1a3j7TNojgA57BdGlCJjLwLm8feSqcSB6+SQzfenk+/uJn//+pJ44rke3C+PvxXUEw+9Pvh5ZWV4RAfJHJ+Umvxn+/3ppMtbtwiQoLoPlo4mAOP5Snp983U0ACJiB3jk/uX1rcj8C6CKNg+frJvdP7Pcfj4Lbg2qDV60Mgs+fTQuK4HiQxtnj87UbADMEzEDflYHgc7XvRcB8fZoG09dNvlekA4LpDTVI4z9/BMiv1O4PEgCHImAGclTW5u7u8b/VA+cTtfvhqtqvOXGRn1/W+75bu39h5n8rZv7/XNbSzx/UvgKwIAEzQFNZxwsAI7+dAACAfQmYAQDgAAJmAAA4gIAZAAAOIGAGAIADCJgBAOAAAmYAADiAgBkAAA4gYAYAgAMImAEA4AACZgAAOICAGQAADiBgBgCAAwiYAQDgAAJmAAA4gIAZAAAOIGAGAIADCJgBAOAAH0jk6UePpXTJh9JCLrxVXX7nvjOpb95+460EACBgztVbr6U2vXrufAIA6CMlGQAAcAAZ5rx8dXg7kTiOQQIAsiRgzou6CQCAI1KSAQAABxAwAwDAAQTMAAAAAMDSnR7e/n+3Vm9baQVkmAEA4AACZgAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABa9B8AtGq5zBhc5McAAAAASUVORK5CYII="])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"14:T4b8,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"M19.4827 6.54586C19.3896 6.47494 19.2687 6.45169 19.1558 6.48267L6.13315 10.0703L4.73496 9.66422C4.62181 9.63136 4.4996 9.65358 4.40524 9.7245C4.31089 9.79528 4.25543 9.90637 4.25543 10.0243V13.8754C4.25543 13.9947 4.3122 14.1069 4.40834 14.1776C4.50443 14.2482 4.62832 14.269 4.74232 14.2333L6.04699 13.8256C6.07385 13.8317 6.1017 13.8352 6.13043 13.8352C6.16259 13.8352 6.19353 13.8308 6.22324 13.8232L8.28893 14.4134C8.28893 14.4177 8.28846 14.4219 8.28856 14.4263C8.30984 15.2593 8.65085 16.0397 9.24884 16.6239C9.84804 17.2093 10.6384 17.5316 11.4741 17.5316C12.5596 17.5316 13.5555 16.9847 14.142 16.0857L19.1524 17.5172C19.1863 17.5269 19.2209 17.5316 19.2554 17.5316C19.336 17.5316 19.4154 17.5057 19.4812 17.456C19.5752 17.3851 19.6304 17.2743 19.6304 17.1566V6.84412C19.6304 6.72717 19.5758 6.61683 19.4827 6.54586ZM14.1261 15.3011C14.0896 15.2842 14.0517 15.2736 14.0136 15.269L6.50543 13.1238V10.7456L17.3804 7.74966V16.2308L14.1261 15.3011ZM5.00543 10.5237L5.75543 10.7415V13.131L5.00543 13.3654V10.5237ZM11.4742 16.7817C10.2405 16.7817 9.19971 15.8363 9.0551 14.6324L13.3758 15.8668C12.9178 16.44 12.2239 16.7817 11.4742 16.7817ZM18.8804 16.6595L18.1304 16.4452V7.54308L18.8804 7.33641V16.6595Z"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"15:T5ff,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"M19.2029 10.4645C19.0923 10.3963 18.9542 10.39 18.8381 10.4481L15.6307 12.0518V11.6506C15.6307 10.9995 15.1271 10.4642 14.4891 10.4129C15.1864 9.82776 15.6307 8.95045 15.6307 7.97095C15.6307 6.21337 14.2008 4.78345 12.4432 4.78345C11.5436 4.78345 10.6984 5.16032 10.0995 5.81081C9.50063 5.16032 8.65538 4.78345 7.75571 4.78345C5.99818 4.78345 4.56821 6.21337 4.56821 7.97095C4.56821 8.95045 5.01263 9.82771 5.70994 10.4129C5.07183 10.4643 4.56821 10.9996 4.56821 11.6506V16.4788C4.56821 17.1638 5.1255 17.721 5.81039 17.721H14.3886C15.0735 17.721 15.6307 17.1638 15.6307 16.4788V16.0778L18.8381 17.6814C18.891 17.7078 18.9484 17.721 19.0057 17.721C19.0743 17.721 19.1427 17.7022 19.2029 17.665C19.3134 17.5967 19.3807 17.476 19.3807 17.346V10.7835C19.3807 10.6537 19.3135 10.5329 19.2029 10.4645ZM5.31821 7.97099C5.31821 6.62699 6.41171 5.53349 7.75571 5.53349C8.57391 5.53349 9.33333 5.94126 9.78718 6.62414C9.85664 6.72871 9.97393 6.79157 10.0995 6.79157C10.2251 6.79157 10.3424 6.72871 10.4118 6.62414C10.8657 5.94131 11.6251 5.53349 12.4432 5.53349C13.7873 5.53349 14.8807 6.62699 14.8807 7.97099C14.8807 9.31509 13.7873 10.4085 12.4432 10.4085H7.75571C6.41171 10.4085 5.31821 9.31509 5.31821 7.97099ZM14.8807 12.6585V15.471V16.4789C14.8807 16.7503 14.66 16.971 14.3886 16.971H5.81039C5.53903 16.971 5.31821 16.7503 5.31821 16.4789V11.6507C5.31821 11.3793 5.53903 11.1585 5.81039 11.1585H7.75571H12.4432H14.3886C14.66 11.1585 14.8807 11.3793 14.8807 11.6507V12.6585ZM18.6307 16.7393L15.6307 15.2393V12.8904L18.6307 11.3904V16.7393Z"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"16:T89e,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"M4.51672 17.5631C4.30963 17.5631 4.14172 17.3953 4.14172 17.1881V15.953C4.14172 14.1411 6.93004 13.4152 8.59597 12.9816C8.97688 12.8824 9.30585 12.7967 9.44136 12.7359C9.69679 12.6213 9.7904 12.1442 9.77465 11.6838C9.4085 11.2508 9.12679 10.5958 8.91735 9.69107C8.75643 9.58734 8.60661 9.41826 8.4756 9.19045C8.22224 8.74992 8.02293 8.04623 8.18404 7.54214C8.28838 7.21565 8.49121 7.00978 8.65344 6.89029C8.65302 6.64931 8.65396 6.24989 8.66263 5.92734C8.70261 4.43732 9.50826 3.71507 10.1771 3.37167C10.911 2.99475 11.7 2.95307 12.0115 2.95307C12.0154 2.95298 12.0192 2.95298 12.0231 2.95307C12.3333 2.95307 13.1224 2.99475 13.8563 3.37167C14.5251 3.71507 15.3307 4.43732 15.3708 5.92734C15.3795 6.24989 15.3804 6.64931 15.38 6.89029C15.5421 7.00978 15.745 7.21565 15.8493 7.54214C16.0105 8.04623 15.8112 8.74992 15.5578 9.19035C15.4268 9.41812 15.277 9.58724 15.1161 9.69107C14.9066 10.5955 14.625 11.2504 14.259 11.6834C14.2525 11.891 14.2627 12.2532 14.387 12.512C14.4767 12.6987 14.3981 12.9227 14.2114 13.0124C14.0247 13.1022 13.8006 13.0235 13.711 12.8369C13.4891 12.3749 13.4947 11.8025 13.5178 11.5024C13.5245 11.4154 13.5613 11.3335 13.6218 11.2709C13.9606 10.9196 14.2228 10.2917 14.4232 9.35165C14.4535 9.20976 14.5628 9.09825 14.7035 9.06492C14.7572 9.03965 14.911 8.87606 15.0376 8.53701C15.165 8.19571 15.1783 7.90612 15.1349 7.77051C15.0654 7.55296 14.8875 7.46095 14.8608 7.44825C14.7133 7.3935 14.6279 7.25671 14.6291 7.09889C14.6291 7.09209 14.6338 6.4215 14.621 5.94759C14.5653 3.86742 12.6261 3.70307 12.023 3.70307C12.0192 3.70307 12.0156 3.70307 12.0118 3.70307C11.4075 3.70307 9.46827 3.86732 9.41244 5.94749C9.39974 6.42145 9.40429 7.09209 9.40429 7.09884C9.40541 7.25667 9.32015 7.39345 9.17258 7.4482C9.14586 7.461 8.96802 7.5531 8.89851 7.77046C8.85515 7.90598 8.86846 8.19562 8.99586 8.53696C9.12238 8.87606 9.27627 9.0397 9.32994 9.06487C9.47075 9.0982 9.57997 9.20971 9.61021 9.3516C9.8106 10.2917 10.0728 10.9195 10.4116 11.2708C10.4721 11.3335 10.5089 11.4154 10.5156 11.5023C10.5509 11.9595 10.5467 13.0619 9.74858 13.4201C9.55574 13.5067 9.2324 13.5908 8.78493 13.7073C7.42438 14.0616 4.89172 14.7209 4.89172 15.953V17.188C4.89172 17.3953 4.72382 17.5631 4.51672 17.5631Z"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"17:T471,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"M18.5286 8.15662H15.1536V7.59412C15.1536 6.6119 14.3546 5.81287 13.3724 5.81287H10.5599C9.57772 5.81287 8.77864 6.6119 8.77864 7.59412V8.15662H5.4035C4.6798 8.15662 4.091 8.74546 4.091 9.46912V12.2817V16.9692C4.091 17.6928 4.6798 18.2817 5.4035 18.2817H18.5286C19.2523 18.2817 19.8411 17.6928 19.8411 16.9692V12.2817V9.46912C19.8411 8.74541 19.2523 8.15662 18.5286 8.15662ZM9.52864 7.59412C9.52864 7.02548 9.99125 6.56287 10.5599 6.56287H13.3724C13.941 6.56287 14.4036 7.02548 14.4036 7.59412V8.15662H9.52864V7.59412ZM4.841 9.46912C4.841 9.15899 5.09333 8.90662 5.4035 8.90662H18.5286C18.8388 8.90662 19.0911 9.15899 19.0911 9.46912V11.9066H4.841V9.46912ZM14.3098 12.6567H16.1848V13.719H14.3098V12.6567ZM7.74744 12.6567H9.62244V13.719H7.74744V12.6567ZM18.5286 17.5317H5.4035C5.09333 17.5317 4.841 17.2792 4.841 16.9692V12.6567H6.99744V14.094C6.99744 14.3012 7.16535 14.469 7.37244 14.469H9.99744C10.2045 14.469 10.3724 14.3012 10.3724 14.094V12.6567H13.5598V14.094C13.5598 14.3012 13.7278 14.469 13.9348 14.469H16.5598C16.7669 14.469 16.9348 14.3012 16.9348 14.094V12.6567H19.0911V16.9692C19.0911 17.2792 18.8388 17.5317 18.5286 17.5317Z"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"a:[\"$\",\"html\",null,{\"lang\":\"en\",\"suppressHydrationWarning\":true,\"children\":[[\"$\",\"head\",null,{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"script\",null,{\"id\":\"adtEmail\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"!function(){'use strict';var e=window.location.search.substring(1).split('\u0026');const t=e=\u003ee.replace(/\\\\s/g,''),o=e=\u003enew Promise((t=\u003e{if(!('msCrypto'in window)\u0026\u0026'https:'===location.protocol\u0026\u0026'crypto'in window\u0026\u0026'TextEncoder'in window){const o=(new TextEncoder).encode(e);crypto.subtle.digest('SHA-256',o).then((e=\u003e{const o=Array.from(new Uint8Array(e)).map((e=\u003e('00'+e.toString(16)).slice(-2))).join('');t(o)}))}else t('')}));for(var n=0;n\u003ce.length;n++){var r='adt_ei',i=decodeURIComponent(e[n]);if(0===i.indexOf(r)){var a=i.split(r+'=')[1];if((e=\u003e{const t=e.match(/((?=([a-zA-Z0-9._!#$%+^\u0026*()[\\\\]\u003c\u003e-]+))\\\\2@[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+\\\\.[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+)/gi);return t?t[0]:''})(t(a.toLowerCase()))){o(a).then((t=\u003e{t.length\u0026\u0026(localStorage.setItem(r,t),localStorage.setItem('adt_emsrc','url'),e.splice(n,1),history.replaceState(null,'','?'+e.join('\u0026')))}));break}}}}(); \"}}],[\"$\",\"script\",null,{\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"\\n (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':\\n new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],\\n j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'\u0026l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=\\n 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);\\n })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-WKW2TKP'); \"}}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"charSet\":\"utf-8\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"name\":\"viewport\",\"content\":\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"property\":\"fb:pages\",\"content\":\"139188202817559\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",null,{\"property\":\"fb:app_id\",\"content\":\"467815213795758\"}],false]}],[\"$\",\"body\",null,{\"className\":\"min-h-screen bg-background font-sans antialiased __variable_7a4a9c\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"noscript\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"iframe\",null,{\"src\":\"https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-WKW2TKP\",\"height\":\"0\",\"width\":\"0\",\"style\":{\"display\":\"none\",\"visibility\":\"hidden\"}}]}],[\"$\",\"$Lb\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$Lc\",null,{\"user\":{\"error\":\"\",\"data\":null,\"isError\":false,\"isLoading\":false,\"isSuccess\":false,\"meta\":{\"isAuthenticated\":false,\"isPremium\":false,\"isBot\":true,\"userIp\":\"\",\"viewport\":\"desktop\",\"showAd\":true}},\"children\":[\"$\",\"$Ld\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$Le\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"$Lf\",null,{\"defaultTheme\":\"light\",\"enableSystem\":true,\"disableTransitionOnChange\":true,\"children\":[[\"$\",\"$L10\",null,{\"slug\":\"/subscribe\"}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"md:t-min-h-[calc(100vh-350px)]\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L11\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\"],\"loading\":\"$undefined\",\"loadingStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"hasLoading\":false,\"error\":\"$undefined\",\"errorStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"template\":[\"$\",\"$L12\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":[\"$\",\"main\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_main__blB3k\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_banner__pXxaH\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_content__4KF3l\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_errorCodeImage__BDd5z\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"width\":\"222\",\"height\":\"106\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 222 106\",\"fill\":\"none\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"xmlnsXlink\":\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"rect\",null,{\"width\":\"222\",\"height\":\"106\",\"fill\":\"url(#pattern0_12343_12712)\"}],[\"$\",\"defs\",null,{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"pattern\",null,{\"id\":\"pattern0_12343_12712\",\"patternContentUnits\":\"objectBoundingBox\",\"width\":\"1\",\"height\":\"1\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"use\",null,{\"xlinkHref\":\"#image0_12343_12712\",\"transform\":\"matrix(0.00139668 0 0 0.00292513 -1.2452e-05 -0.603774)\"}]}],[\"$\",\"image\",null,{\"id\":\"image0_12343_12712\",\"width\":\"716\",\"height\":\"660\",\"xlinkHref\":\"$13\"}]]}]]}]}],[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_errorTitle__Ead2l\",\"children\":\"Oops!\"}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_errorDescription__JFynR\",\"children\":[\"Looks like the page you're looking for doesn't exist.\",[\"$\",\"br\",null,{}],\"But we have dozens of others on our home page.\"]}],[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"/\",\"className\":\"__404_homeButton__Wk_Er\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_homeButtonText__QL7WY\",\"children\":\"← Go to homepage\"}]}]]}]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_container__qTqgT\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_categories__FMoNi\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"/news\",\"className\":\"__404_category__DYvlM undefined\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"width\":\"24\",\"height\":\"24\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 24 24\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"g\",null,{\"clipPath\":\"url(#clip0_12394_43109)\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M12.1304 0C5.50296 0 0.130432 5.37277 0.130432 12C0.130432 18.6273 5.50296 24 12.1304 24C18.7579 24 24.1304 18.6273 24.1304 12C24.1304 5.37277 18.7579 0 12.1304 0ZM12.1304 23.25C5.9172 23.25 0.880432 18.2131 0.880432 12C0.880432 5.787 5.9172 0.75 12.1304 0.75C18.3437 0.75 23.3804 5.787 23.3804 12C23.3804 18.2131 18.3437 23.25 12.1304 23.25Z\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"$14\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"defs\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"clipPath\",null,{\"id\":\"clip0_12394_43109\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"rect\",null,{\"width\":\"24\",\"height\":\"24\",\"fill\":\"white\",\"transform\":\"translate(0.130432)\"}]}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"children\":\"News\"}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_arrow___ZbSj\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"width\":\"14\",\"height\":\"12\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 14 12\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M1 6L7 6L13 6M13 6L8.5 1.5M13 6L8.5 10.5\",\"stroke\":\"currentColor\",\"strokeWidth\":\"1.5\",\"strokeLinecap\":\"round\",\"strokeLinejoin\":\"round\"}]}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"/videos\",\"className\":\"__404_category__DYvlM undefined\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"width\":\"24\",\"height\":\"24\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 24 24\",\"fill\":\"none\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M12 0C5.37253 0 0 5.37277 0 12C0 18.6273 5.37253 24 12 24C18.6274 24 24 18.6273 24 12C24 5.37277 18.6274 0 12 0ZM12 23.25C5.78677 23.25 0.75 18.2131 0.75 12C0.75 5.78695 5.78677 0.75 12 0.75C18.2132 0.75 23.25 5.78695 23.25 12C23.25 18.2131 18.2132 23.25 12 23.25Z\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"$15\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M7.75571 8.72095C8.16992 8.72095 8.50571 8.38516 8.50571 7.97095C8.50571 7.55673 8.16992 7.22095 7.75571 7.22095C7.34149 7.22095 7.00571 7.55673 7.00571 7.97095C7.00571 8.38516 7.34149 8.72095 7.75571 8.72095Z\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M12.4432 8.72095C12.8574 8.72095 13.1932 8.38516 13.1932 7.97095C13.1932 7.55673 12.8574 7.22095 12.4432 7.22095C12.029 7.22095 11.6932 7.55673 11.6932 7.97095C11.6932 8.38516 12.029 8.72095 12.4432 8.72095Z\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"children\":\"Videos\"}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_arrow___ZbSj\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"width\":\"14\",\"height\":\"12\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 14 12\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M1 6L7 6L13 6M13 6L8.5 1.5M13 6L8.5 10.5\",\"stroke\":\"currentColor\",\"strokeWidth\":\"1.5\",\"strokeLinecap\":\"round\",\"strokeLinejoin\":\"round\"}]}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"/subscribe\",\"className\":\"__404_category__DYvlM undefined\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"width\":\"24\",\"height\":\"24\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 24 24\",\"fill\":\"none\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"g\",null,{\"clipPath\":\"url(#clip0_12394_43153)\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M12 0C5.37253 0 0 5.37277 0 12C0 18.6273 5.37253 24 12 24C18.6274 24 24 18.6273 24 12C24 5.37277 18.6274 0 12 0ZM12 23.25C5.78677 23.25 0.75 18.213 0.75 12C0.75 5.78695 5.78677 0.75 12 0.75C18.2132 0.75 23.25 5.78695 23.25 12C23.25 18.213 18.2132 23.25 12 23.25Z\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M16.0011 19.6239C13.8558 19.6239 12.1105 17.8786 12.1105 15.7333C12.1105 13.588 13.8558 11.8427 16.0011 11.8427C18.1464 11.8427 19.8917 13.588 19.8917 15.7333C19.8917 17.8786 18.1464 19.6239 16.0011 19.6239ZM16.0011 12.5927C14.2694 12.5927 12.8605 14.0015 12.8605 15.7333C12.8605 17.4651 14.2694 18.8739 16.0011 18.8739C17.7328 18.8739 19.1417 17.4651 19.1417 15.7333C19.1417 14.0015 17.7328 12.5927 16.0011 12.5927Z\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M15.9923 17.7584C15.7852 17.7584 15.6173 17.5905 15.6173 17.3834V14.0747C15.6173 13.8676 15.7852 13.6997 15.9923 13.6997C16.1994 13.6997 16.3673 13.8676 16.3673 14.0747V17.3834C16.3673 17.5905 16.1994 17.7584 15.9923 17.7584Z\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M17.6467 16.104H14.338C14.1309 16.104 13.963 15.9361 13.963 15.729C13.963 15.5219 14.1309 15.354 14.338 15.354H17.6467C17.8538 15.354 18.0217 15.5219 18.0217 15.729C18.0217 15.9361 17.8538 16.104 17.6467 16.104Z\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"$16\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"defs\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"clipPath\",null,{\"id\":\"clip0_12394_43153\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"rect\",null,{\"width\":\"24\",\"height\":\"24\",\"fill\":\"white\"}]}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"children\":\"Subscription\"}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_arrow___ZbSj\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"width\":\"14\",\"height\":\"12\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 14 12\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M1 6L7 6L13 6M13 6L8.5 1.5M13 6L8.5 10.5\",\"stroke\":\"currentColor\",\"strokeWidth\":\"1.5\",\"strokeLinecap\":\"round\",\"strokeLinejoin\":\"round\"}]}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"href\":\"/ie-academy\",\"className\":\"__404_category__DYvlM undefined\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"width\":\"24\",\"height\":\"24\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 24 24\",\"fill\":\"none\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"g\",null,{\"clipPath\":\"url(#clip0_12394_43178)\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M12 0C5.37253 0 0 5.37277 0 12C0 18.6273 5.37253 24 12 24C18.6274 24 24 18.6273 24 12C24 5.37277 18.6274 0 12 0ZM12 23.25C5.78677 23.25 0.75 18.213 0.75 12C0.75 5.78695 5.78677 0.75 12 0.75C18.2132 0.75 23.25 5.78695 23.25 12C23.25 18.213 18.2132 23.25 12 23.25Z\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}],[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"$17\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"defs\",null,{\"children\":[\"$\",\"clipPath\",null,{\"id\":\"clip0_12394_43178\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"rect\",null,{\"width\":\"24\",\"height\":\"24\",\"fill\":\"white\"}]}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"children\":\"IE Academy\"}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"__404_arrow___ZbSj\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"svg\",null,{\"width\":\"14\",\"height\":\"12\",\"viewBox\":\"0 0 14 12\",\"fill\":\"currentColor\",\"xmlns\":\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"path\",null,{\"d\":\"M1 6L7 6L13 6M13 6L8.5 1.5M13 6L8.5 10.5\",\"stroke\":\"currentColor\",\"strokeWidth\":\"1.5\",\"strokeLinecap\":\"round\",\"strokeLinejoin\":\"round\"}]}]}]]}]]}]}]]}],\"notFoundStyles\":[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/3daf144e389c5a57.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]],\"childProp\":{\"current\":[\"$\",\"$L11\",null,{\"parallelRouterKey\":\"children\",\"segmentPath\":[\"children\",\"subscribe\",\"children\"],\"loading\":\"$undefined\",\"loadingStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"hasLoading\":false,\"error\":\"$undefined\",\"errorStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"template\":[\"$\",\"$L12\",null,{}],\"templateStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"notFound\":\"$undefined\",\"notFoundStyles\":\"$undefined\",\"childProp\":{\"current\":[\"$L18\",\"$L19\",null],\"segment\":\"__PAGE__\"},\"styles\":[[\"$\",\"link\",\"0\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/4995d3afe56e65d3.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"1\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/5b580a7ebffd13c1.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"2\",{\"rel\":\"stylesheet\",\"href\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/_next/static/css/2ebcb3b455bf50e1.css\",\"precedence\":\"next\",\"crossOrigin\":\"$undefined\"}]]}],\"segment\":\"subscribe\"},\"styles\":[]}]}],[\"$\",\"$L1a\",null,{\"disableAds\":true}]]}]}]}]}]}]]}]]}]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"8:[[\"$\",\"meta\",\"0\",{\"charSet\":\"utf-8\"}],[\"$\",\"title\",\"1\",{\"children\":\"Subscribe to Interesting Engineering's IE+ Membership\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"2\",{\"name\":\"description\",\"content\":\"Subscribe to Interesting Engineering's IE+ to get exclusive content, ad-free. Join IE+ now for premium newsletters, special discounts, and audio articles.\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"3\",{\"rel\":\"manifest\",\"href\":\"/manifest.json\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"4\",{\"name\":\"viewport\",\"content\":\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"5\",{\"rel\":\"canonical\",\"href\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/subscribe\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"6\",{\"property\":\"og:title\",\"content\":\"Subscribe to Interesting Engineering's IE+ Membership\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"7\",{\"property\":\"og:description\",\"content\":\"Subscribe to Interesting Engineering's IE+ to get exclusive content, ad-free. Join IE+ now for premium newsletters, special discounts, and audio articles.\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"8\",{\"property\":\"og:url\",\"content\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/subscribe\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"9\",{\"property\":\"og:site_name\",\"content\":\"Interesting Engineering\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"10\",{\"property\":\"og:image\",\"content\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/subscribe-right-image.png\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"11\",{\"property\":\"og:image:width\",\"content\":\"1080\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"12\",{\"property\":\"og:image:height\",\"content\":\"608\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"13\",{\"property\":\"og:image:type\",\"content\":\"png\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"14\",{\"property\":\"og:type\",\"content\":\"article\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"15\",{\"name\":\"twitter:card\",\"content\":\"summary_large_image\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"16\",{\"name\":\"twitter:site\",\"content\":\"@IntEngineering\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"17\",{\"name\":\"twitter:title\",\"content\":\"Explore Interesting Engineering's Weekly Newsletters\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"18\",{\"name\":\"twitter:description\",\"content\":\"Subscribe to Interesting Engineering's newsletters for the latest updates, articles, and insights about science, tech, and engineering delivered to your inbox.\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"19\",{\"name\":\"twitter:image\",\"content\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/cover-image.png\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"20\",{\"rel\":\"shortcut icon\",\"href\":\"/favicon.ico\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"21\",{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/apple-icon-57x57.png?v=14\",\"sizes\":\"57x57\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"22\",{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/apple-icon-60x60.png?v=14\",\"sizes\":\"60x60\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"23\",{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/apple-icon-72x72.png?v=14\",\"sizes\":\"72x72\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"24\",{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/apple-icon-76x76.png?v=14\",\"sizes\":\"76x76\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"25\",{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/apple-icon-114x114.png?v=14\",\"sizes\":\"114x114\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"26\",{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/apple-icon-120x120.png?v=14\",\"sizes\":\"120x120\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"27\",{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/apple-icon-144x144.png?v=14\",\"sizes\":\"144x144\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"28\",{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/apple-icon-152x152.png?v=14\",\"sizes\":\"152x152\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"29\",{\"rel\":\"apple-touch-icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/apple-icon-180x180.png?v=14\",\"sizes\":\"180x180\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"30\",{\"rel\":\"icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/android-icon-192x192.png?v=14\",\"type\":\"image/png\",\"sizes\":\"192x192\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"31\",{\"rel\":\"icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/favicon-32x32.png?v=14\",\"type\":\"image/png\",\"sizes\":\"32x32\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"32\",{\"rel\":\"icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/favicon-96x96.png?v=14\",\"type\":\"image/png\",\"sizes\":\"96x96\"}],[\"$\",\"link\",\"33\",{\"rel\":\"icon\",\"href\":\"/icons/favicon-16x16.png?v=14\",\"type\":\"image/png\",\"sizes\":\"16x16\"}],[\"$\",\"meta\",\"34\",{\"name\":\"next-size-adjust\"}]]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"18:null\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"1b:I[3355,[\"6990\",\"static/chunks/13b76428-6b30cc43e742e4a7.js\",\"3447\",\"static/chunks/3447-94edda3a54c8b950.js\",\"2931\",\"static/chunks/2931-d82f39546b47f3f4.js\",\"2173\",\"static/chunks/2173-915ab78849b3db85.js\",\"6691\",\"static/chunks/6691-f652708f445c4f15.js\",\"4453\",\"static/chunks/4453-8383c30e7e52fe7c.js\",\"9997\",\"static/chunks/9997-e1b19d9fceddefaa.js\",\"8681\",\"static/chunks/8681-279cc2180f3ba456.js\",\"3570\",\"static/chunks/3570-2115dbf4521b34c0.js\",\"9615\",\"static/chunks/9615-46fb736e3bca55cf.js\",\"9212\",\"static/chunks/9212-416114feab18f184.js\",\"5697\",\"static/chunks/5697-4343ff2e324a43e4.js\",\"8021\",\"static/chunks/8021-e8b60eb3f7d363eb.js\",\"4220\",\"static/chunks/4220-8f6dc85cf0e462ef.js\",\"3294\",\"static/chunks/3294-8f6592ea716c0383.js\",\"6060\",\"static/chunks/6060-794255bdad16c868.js\",\"9731\",\"static/chunks/app/subscribe/page-e5382aab9cdbfdb9.js\"],\"\"]\n"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"19:[\"$\",\"$L1b\",null,{\"giftPlans\":[{\"id\":\"k6cm\",\"merchantId\":\"jjfy4n5yty34xv3n\",\"billingDayOfMonth\":null,\"billingFrequency\":12,\"currencyIsoCode\":\"USD\",\"description\":null,\"name\":\"64.99 Yearly Ad Free\",\"numberOfBillingCycles\":null,\"price\":\"64.99\",\"trialDuration\":null,\"trialDurationUnit\":null,\"trialPeriod\":false,\"createdAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-02-16 14:42:07.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"updatedAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-02-16 14:42:07.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"addOns\":[],\"discounts\":[{\"amount\":\"32.50\",\"createdAt\":{\"date\":\"2024-11-18 08:52:07.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"description\":null,\"id\":\"nzwr\",\"kind\":\"discount\",\"merchantId\":\"jjfy4n5yty34xv3n\",\"name\":\"Black Friday 2024 Discount\",\"neverExpires\":false,\"numberOfBillingCycles\":1,\"updatedAt\":{\"date\":\"2024-11-18 09:10:06.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"}}],\"plans\":[]}],\"premiumArticles\":[{\"title\":\"How vaporizing plastics could be key to saving a failing recycling industry\",\"category\":\"innovation\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/innovation/how-vaporizing-plastics-could-save-a-failing-recycling-industry\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/plastic-waste.jpg\",\"imgAlt\":\"How vaporizing plastics could be key to saving a failing recycling industry\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eScientists at UC Berkeley have developed a new chemical recycling process that allows for plastic creation to happen from scratch.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Chris Young\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/chris-young\"},{\"title\":\"How Halo Space\u0026#8217;s \u0026#8216;Aurora\u0026#8217; balloons bring near-space tourism to the masses\",\"category\":\"space\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/space/halospace-aurora-balloon-tourism\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1920-×-1080px-2.jpg\",\"imgAlt\":\"How Halo Space\u0026#8217;s \u0026#8216;Aurora\u0026#8217; balloons bring near-space tourism to the masses\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eIn an exclusive with IE, HALO Space\u0026#8217;s CEO and CTO discussed the tech powering the Aurora capsule, and their vision for near-space exploration.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Sade Agard\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/sade-agard\"},{\"title\":\"The Interoceanic Corridor and Mexico\u0026#8217;s quest to rival the Panama Canal\",\"category\":\"innovation\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/innovation/the-interoceanic-corridor-and-mexicos-quest-to-rival-the-panama-canal\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/ioc-cropped.png\",\"imgAlt\":\"The Interoceanic Corridor and Mexico\u0026#8217;s quest to rival the Panama Canal\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eFor over a century, the Panama Canal has defined global trade, linking the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Now, Mexico\u0026#8217;s $5 billion Interoceanic Corridor of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec emerges as a transformative alternative. Strategically positioned in the narrowest stretch of land between these oceans, this ambitious project integrates advanced railways, highways, and ports to streamline global logistics.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Kaif Shaikh\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/kaif-shaikh-2\"},{\"title\":\"Inside the battle to engineer the perfect anticoagulant for millions\",\"category\":\"health\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/health/bioengineer-anticoagulant-heparin-blood\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_60752a.jpg\",\"imgAlt\":\"Inside the battle to engineer the perfect anticoagulant for millions\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eBeyond its role in preventing blood clots, recent studies indicate heparin\u0026#8217;s potential in treating inflammation, cancer, and even Covid-19.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Maria Bolevich\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/maria-bolevich\"},{\"title\":\"Party animals? Ecologists find that booze isn’t just for humans\",\"category\":\"science\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/science/alcohol-animals-ethanol-nature\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_21e1e0.jpg\",\"imgAlt\":\"Party animals? Ecologists find that booze isn’t just for humans\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eConsuming ethanol may strengthen social interactions among animals, promoting greater cohesion and cooperation within groups.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Georgina Jedikovska\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/georgina-jedikovska\"},{\"title\":\"Can solar geoengineering delay the climate crisis or make things worse?\",\"category\":\"innovation\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/innovation/solar-geoengineering-sunlight-climate-change\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_9e4bfd.jpg\",\"imgAlt\":\"Can solar geoengineering delay the climate crisis or make things worse?\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eSome scientists see solar geoengineering as a \u0026#8220;Plan B\u0026#8221; for the climate crisis, while others fear it enables fossil fuel reliance.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Chris Young\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/chris-young\"},{\"title\":\"How JWST’s findings are reshaping our models of cosmic evolution – Part II\",\"category\":\"space\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/space/james-webb-space-telescope-universe-3\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Untitled-1_fb8066.jpg\",\"imgAlt\":\"How JWST’s findings are reshaping our models of cosmic evolution – Part II\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eBefore Webb, the leading idea was that stellar black holes gradually grew into the supermassive black holes seen later.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Matthew S Williams\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/matthew-s-williams-2\"},{\"title\":\"Beyond the point of no return: Why aren\u0026#8217;t self-aborting nuclear weapons a thing?\",\"category\":\"innovation\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/innovation/why-arent-self-aborting-nuclear-weapons-a-thing\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/abort-missile.jpg\",\"imgAlt\":\"Beyond the point of no return: Why aren\u0026#8217;t self-aborting nuclear weapons a thing?\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe absence of self-destruct option on nuclear weapons is by design, but experts argue the time is right to revoke this.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Christopher McFadden\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/christopher-mcfadden\"},{\"title\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"category\":\"energy\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/energy/how-fervo-energy-is-tapping-into-the-boundless-source-of-energy-beneath-our-feet\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/fervo-energy-geothermal-plant.jpg\",\"imgAlt\":\"How Fervo Energy is tapping into the boundless source of energy beneath our feet\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eHouston\u0026#8217;s Fervo Energy will use its innovative geothermal technology to provide clean power to 350,000 homes across Southern California.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Christopher McFadden\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/christopher-mcfadden\"},{\"title\":\"Sweeteners decoded: Are sugar alternatives the answer to healthier diets?\",\"category\":\"science\",\"author\":\"\",\"timestamp\":\"Invalid Date\",\"articleUrl\":\"/science/sweeteners-sugar-alternatives-healthier-diets\",\"imgSrc\":\"https://cms.interestingengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Untitled-1_4f0559.jpg\",\"imgAlt\":\"Sweeteners decoded: Are sugar alternatives the answer to healthier diets?\",\"is_premium\":true,\"description\":\"\u003cp\u003eThe WHO recommends five to ten percent daily sugar intake, but global consumption reached 177.33 million metric tonnes in 2023/24.\u003c/p\u003e\\n\",\"authorName\":\"Maria Bolevich\",\"authorLink\":\"https://interestingengineering.com/author/maria-bolevich\"}],\"allPlans\":[{\"id\":\"3q9w\",\"merchantId\":\"jjfy4n5yty34xv3n\",\"billingDayOfMonth\":null,\"billingFrequency\":1,\"currencyIsoCode\":\"USD\",\"description\":null,\"name\":\"2023-05-04 Monthly Ad Free 1$ FBC\",\"numberOfBillingCycles\":null,\"price\":\"5.99\",\"trialDuration\":null,\"trialDurationUnit\":null,\"trialPeriod\":false,\"createdAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-05-24 11:08:54.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"updatedAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-05-24 11:08:54.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"addOns\":[],\"discounts\":[{\"amount\":\"4.99\",\"createdAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-05-24 11:08:06.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"description\":null,\"id\":\"kvhb\",\"kind\":\"discount\",\"merchantId\":\"jjfy4n5yty34xv3n\",\"name\":\"4.99 $\",\"neverExpires\":false,\"numberOfBillingCycles\":1,\"updatedAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-05-24 11:08:06.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"}}],\"plans\":[]},{\"id\":\"57zb\",\"merchantId\":\"jjfy4n5yty34xv3n\",\"billingDayOfMonth\":null,\"billingFrequency\":3,\"currencyIsoCode\":\"USD\",\"description\":null,\"name\":\"16.99 Quarterly Ad Free\",\"numberOfBillingCycles\":null,\"price\":\"16.99\",\"trialDuration\":null,\"trialDurationUnit\":null,\"trialPeriod\":false,\"createdAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-02-16 14:41:20.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"updatedAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-02-16 14:41:20.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"addOns\":[],\"discounts\":[],\"plans\":[]},{\"id\":\"k6cm\",\"merchantId\":\"jjfy4n5yty34xv3n\",\"billingDayOfMonth\":null,\"billingFrequency\":12,\"currencyIsoCode\":\"USD\",\"description\":null,\"name\":\"64.99 Yearly Ad Free\",\"numberOfBillingCycles\":null,\"price\":\"64.99\",\"trialDuration\":null,\"trialDurationUnit\":null,\"trialPeriod\":false,\"createdAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-02-16 14:42:07.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"updatedAt\":{\"date\":\"2023-02-16 14:42:07.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"addOns\":[],\"discounts\":[{\"amount\":\"32.50\",\"createdAt\":{\"date\":\"2024-11-18 08:52:07.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"},\"description\":null,\"id\":\"nzwr\",\"kind\":\"discount\",\"merchantId\":\"jjfy4n5yty34xv3n\",\"name\":\"Black Friday 2024 Discount\",\"neverExpires\":false,\"numberOfBillingCycles\":1,\"updatedAt\":{\"date\":\"2024-11-18 09:10:06.000000\",\"timezone_type\":3,\"timezone\":\"UTC\"}}],\"plans\":[]}],\"categories\":[{\"id\":13,\"title\":\"Science\",\"is_visible\":1},{\"id\":124,\"title\":\"Innovation\",\"is_visible\":1},{\"id\":15161,\"title\":\"Culture\",\"is_visible\":1}],\"coupon\":null,\"isDiscountApplied\":false}]\n"])</script><script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'8e7256b71d3f4d9f',t:'MTczMjM3NzI3Ni4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body></html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10