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Hybrid Nanoparticles: The Drug Delivery System for the Future – Pharma
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tag-photothermal-therapy tag-quantum-dots tag-targeted-delivery" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <div class="featured-image page-header-image-single "> <img width="800" height="419" src="https://thepharma.net/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/banner-13-01.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://thepharma.net/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/banner-13-01.jpg 800w, https://thepharma.net/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/banner-13-01-300x157.jpg 300w, https://thepharma.net/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/banner-13-01-768x402.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </div> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">Hybrid Nanoparticles: The Drug Delivery System for the Future</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-10-08T18:42:50+05:30" itemprop="datePublished">October 8, 2024</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://thepharma.net/archive/author/thepharma/" title="View all posts by thepharma" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">thepharma</span></a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="text"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">During the last two decades, the field of nanotechnology has blossomed, unfolding at such a rate that it has been drastically and directly impacting different fields, specifically medicine, since that time. Among the most exciting developments is the creation of hybrid nanoparticles, a class of engineered particles that coalesce distinctive properties from distinct materials in combination with embodied features to simulate multifunctional drug delivery systems. Such hybrid nanoparticles can potentially overcome the limitations of conventional drug delivery, including poor bioavailability, non-specific targeting, and adverse side effects. The wide diversity of materials like lipids, polymers, metals, and organic molecules that been incorporated into a single nanoparticle brings about new approaches toward precise, controlled, and efficacious drug delivery. The current article attempts to project in an array the progress made in hybrid nanoparticle technology as the future of drug delivery systems.</span></p> <h3><b>Concept of Hybrid Nanoparticles</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Basically, hybrid nanoparticles are designed by a combination of two or more types of materials at the nanoscale that generates a composite structure where the strengths of each component can be harnessed. The combination of materials is generally done based on the concept that there are some developed functionalities that cannot be achieved with single-component nanoparticles. An example of such a hybrid nanoparticle includes a polymeric core used for the encapsulation of a drug, a lipid layer for biocompatibility, and a metallic envelope used for imaging. Targeted nanoparticles are designed to fit specific therapeutic needs, making them quite versatile tools in the medicine domain.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Yearwise Publication Trend on <b>“<a href="https://thepharma.net/publication-trends/index/drug delivery" target="_blank" title="drug delivery - yearwise publication trends">drug delivery</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div><div class="results-container"><div class="chart-block" style="padding:15px;"> <div class="left"> <div id="results" class="results"></div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="chart-container"><canvas id="publicationChart"></canvas></div> </div> <div class="keywordsdiv"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publication trends on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-stats"></span> </div> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"><style> table { margin: 0 0 1.5em; 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Drugs generally considered to have poor bioavailability, a major concern in drug delivery, are hydrophobic drugs with poor water solubility. These hybrid nanoparticles encapsulate such drugs in their shells, presenting them to the body with better solubility and, hence, better absorption. Further, targeting ligands that recognize cell types, such as cancerous cells, can be attached to the surface of the nanoparticle in order to ensure delivery of the drug precisely to the desired cell.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">It can also regulate drug delivery. Some hybrid nanoparticles have the ability to trigger the release of their cargo by being either pH-responsive, temperature-responsive, or sensitive to enzymatic activity. In such cases, this release-on-demand mechanism is likely to be very beneficial for chemotherapy. To give a high dose of toxic drugs at the site of the tumor while sparing healthy tissue requires quite the opposite criteria in this line of treatment.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Recent advances in microfluidic technologies have significantly contributed to the synthesis of hybrid nanoparticles. Microfluidics allows high control over the mixing of materials to yield nanoparticles that are both uniform in size and composition. In line with this, within the same order of variation, it enables a high reproducibility of hybrid nanoparticles with tunability, which is key to attaining a clinically translatable scale.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">One of the most striking developments in this regard is the invention of lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles. They combine the stability and drug-carrying capacity of polymers with the biocompatibility and targeting ability of lipids. A layer of lipids on their surface protects not only the polymeric core of the nanoparticles but also provides the means for attaching targeting ligands that enhance the specificity of drug delivery.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Yet another way of utilizing quantum dots is in hybrid nanoparticles. Quantum dots are very small, effectively a small-sized semiconductor particle with a couple of unique optical properties; one of them is fluorescence, which can be used for imaging. Researchers used a multifunctional system by loading quantum with hybrid nanoparticles, thereby achieving drug delivery in the body and tracking the drug’s distribution at the site of interest by imaging. This ability is highly useful in cancer treatment, and the localization and efficiency of the therapy are very desirable.</span></p> <h3><b>Therapeutic Applications in Cancer</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Hybrid nanoparticles have excellent possibilities for therapeutic applications in cancer. Most of the major problems in cancer chemotherapy are directly or indirectly related to the loss of selective drug uptake in a tumor, which leads to severe side effects. Hybrids avoid this problem and serve as carriers for good drug delivery. For instance, engineering lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles to deliver chemotherapy drugs specifically to tumor cells might reduce side effects on healthy tissues. The lipid layer can be modified with ligands that interact with receptors overexpressed on the cancer cells, ensuring that the nanoparticles preferentially accumulate in the tumor.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Besides targeted delivery, hybrid nanoparticles can be designed for combination therapy, where two or more drugs are delivered in a single system. This is particularly suitable in the treatment of cancer, when multiple drugs act by different mechanisms to achieve an overall therapeutic effect. Hybrid nanoparticles can load several drugs into their layers or compartments to be sure that each drug release occurs at the correct time and location.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A photo-thermal therapy application is particularly promising, for example, through the use of hybrid nanoparticles that can convert light into heat and, in turn, kill cancer cells. An example of an efficient absorber of light that, in turn, produces heat is gold nanoparticles. Constructing the gold nanoparticles in a hybrid setting with a polymeric drug carrier will have a mode of administration of the chemotherapy drug with a way of locally heating the target to increase the effectiveness of the treatment.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Recent Publications on <b>“<a href="https://thepharma.net/recent-publications/index/drug delivery" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="drug delivery - yearwise publication list">drug delivery</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div> <div class="pb-main"><div class="article-scroll"><div id="results_recent" class="results"></div></div><div class="keywordsdiv" style="margin: 0px 15px;margin-top:20px;"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publications on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-papers"></span> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"> <style> .pb-main{ border: solid 1px #ccc; 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publicationBlock.innerHTML = publicationHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(publicationBlock); }); } function displayKeywordPapers(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-papers'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://thepharma.net/recent-publications/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - publication list">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var recent_papers = [ { "title": "O-carboxymethyl chitosan in biomedicine: A review.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38945322", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "NANOSUSPENSIONS: ENHANCING DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY THROUGH NANONIZATION.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38945393", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "In vitro and in silico approach towards antimicrobial and antioxidant behaviour of water-soluble chitosan dialdehyde biopolymers.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38944981", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Fully flexible implantable neural probes for electrophysiology recording and controlled neurochemical modulation.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38947533", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "A Study on the Behavior of Smart Starch--poly(-isopropylacrylamide) Hybrid Microgels for Encapsulation of Methylene Blue.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38947796", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "In Vivo Ocular Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity of Siponimod in Albino Rabbits.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38856116", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Chlorogenic acid\/carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticle-assisted biomultifunctional hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel scaffolds for burn skin repair.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38945346", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "MgSiO Fiber Membrane Scaffold with Triggered Drug Delivery for Osteosarcoma Synergetic Therapy and Bone Regeneration.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38946103", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Considerations when prescribing opioid agonist therapies for people living with HIV.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38946101", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "The Gene Expression Landscape of Disease Genes.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38947033", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Exosomes in Bone Cancer: Unveiling their Vital Role in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Advancements.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38947401", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Construction of mitochondrial-targeting nano-prodrug for enhanced Rhein delivery and treatment for osteoarthritis in vitro.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38945463", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Fabrication of pH-responsive temozolomide (TMZ)-clacked tannic acid-altered zeolite imidazole nanoframeworks (ZIF-8) enhance anticancer activity and apoptosis induction in glioma cancer cells.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38953298", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Interfacial-engineered living drugs with \\\\\\\"ON\/OFF\\\\\\\" switching for oral delivery.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38953700", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "A Quality by Design Approach for Optimizing Solid Lipid Nanoparticles of Bedaquiline for Improved Product Performance.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38954218", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Hydrazone-functionalized nanoscale covalent organic frameworks as a nanocarrier for pH-responsive drug delivery enhanced anticancer activity.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38952941", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Impacts of polyethylene glycol (PEG) dispersity on protein adsorption, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of PEGylated gold nanoparticles.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38952930", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "The role and application of small extracellular vesicles in glioma.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38951882", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Recent advances in gene delivery nanoplatforms based on spherical nucleic acids.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38951806", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Evaluation of microwave irradiated Polyacrylamide grafted Opuntia leaf mucilage graft copolymer (OPM-g-PAM) as effective controlled release polymer for release of Rosuvastastin as model drug.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38942673", "publishedDate": "2024" } ]; var keywordsArray = ["Hybrid Nanoparticles","Drug Delivery","Microfluidics","Cancer Therapy","Targeted Delivery","Controlled Release","Lipid-Polymer Hybrid","Quantum Dots","Photothermal Therapy","and Personalized Medicine"]; displayResults_recent(recent_papers); displayKeywordPapers(keywordsArray); // function stripslashes(str) { // if (typeof str === 'string') { // return str.replace(/\/g, ''); // } // } </script></p> <h3><b>Challenges and Future Directions</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Despite great advances in the development of hybrid nanoparticles for drug delivery, many challenges remain. The first and foremost challenges in developing such nanoparticles are related to their stability within the circulatory blood. Hybrid nanoparticles need to be stable enough so that they survive in the blood long enough to reach the target site and successfully release the payload. This evidently demands well-designed nanoparticle components and surface modifications that preclude premature degradation or clearance through host immunological mechanisms.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Another problem when working with hybrid nanoparticles is that some of the materials used for production can be of a toxic nature. Although biocompatibles are usually represented by lipids and polymers, metals or other inorganic components can make a hybrid more toxic. Thus, it is very important to assess the safety of such materials and develop strategies that enable the minimization of adverse effects.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Hybrid nanoparticles for drug delivery hold a promising future. With the advancement of material science along with nanotechnology and microfluidics, development has to be even more precise with advanced functionalities at the cost of high throughput. As a matter of fact, researchers are investigating new stimuli-responsive biomaterials manifested by a change in pH or temperature, leading to better precision for drug delivery.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Furthermore, hybrid nanoparticles are now gaining increasing interest in personalized medicine. Such individualization in the composition and structure of nanoparticles, according to one patient’s needs, may prove advantageous in correlated and safer administrations. This approach might be particularly valuable in the case of cancer therapy, where the heterogeneity of the tumors often requires a personalized treatment strategy.</span></p> <h3><b>Conclusion</b></h3> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">New-generation hybrid nanoparticles in the drug delivery system represent a potential approach for overcoming the many limitations of the conventional approach. By combining different materials, these nanoparticles can lead to functionalities beyond the limits of single-component systems, such as targeted delivery, controlled release, and multifunctionality. The adoption of state-of-the-art technologies, including microfluidics, has further enhanced the precision and scalability of the production of hybrid nanoparticles, thus allowing this process to have great potential for clinical applications. The field of hybrid nanoparticle research is burgeoning, and in the future, this technology may come to be primarily used in curing cancer and other critical diseases.</span></p> <p></p> <h3><b>References</b></h3> <ol> <li>Shepherd, S.J., Warzecha, C.C., Yadavali, S., El-Mayta, R., Alameh, M.G., Wang, L., Weissman, D., Wilson, J.M., Issadore, D. and Mitchell, M.J., 2021. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c01353">Scalable mRNA and siRNA lipid nanoparticle production using a parallelized microfluidic device.</a> <i>Nano letters</i>, <i>21</i>(13), pp.5671-5680.</li> <li>Chai, Y., Wang, Y., Li, B., Qi, W., Su, R. and He, Z., 2021. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00778">Microfluidic synthesis of lignin/chitosan nanoparticles for the pH-responsive delivery of anticancer drugs.</a> <i>Langmuir</i>, <i>37</i>(23), pp.7219-7226.</li> <li>Fatima, H., Charinpanitkul, T. and Kim, K.S., 2021. <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/5/1203">Fundamentals to apply magnetic nanoparticles for hyperthermia therapy.</a> <i>Nanomaterials</i>, <i>11</i>(5), p.1203.</li> <li>Balachandran, Y.L., Li, X. and Jiang, X., 2021. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04053">Integrated microfluidic synthesis of aptamer functionalized biozeolitic imidazolate framework (BioZIF-8) targeting lymph node and tumor.</a> <i>Nano Letters</i>, <i>21</i>(3), pp.1335-1344.</li> <li>Rodrigues, R.O., Sousa, P.C., Gaspar, J., Bañobre‐López, M., Lima, R. and Minas, G., 2020. <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/smll.202003517">Organ‐on‐a‐chip: A preclinical microfluidic platform for the progress of nanomedicine.</a> <i>Small</i>, <i>16</i>(51), p.2003517.</li> <li>Li, X., Zha, M., Li, Y., Ni, J.S., Min, T., Kang, T., Yang, G., Tang, H., Li, K. and Jiang, X., 2020. <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/anie.202008564">Sub‐10 nm Aggregation‐Induced Emission Quantum Dots Assembled by Microfluidics for Enhanced Tumor Targeting and Reduced Retention in the Liver.</a> <i>Angewandte Chemie International Edition</i>, <i>59</i>(49), pp.21899-21903.</li> <li>Ghasemi Toudeshkchouei, M., Zahedi, P. and Shavandi, A., 2020. <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/7/1483">Microfluidic-assisted preparation of 5-fluorouracil-loaded PLGA nanoparticles as a potential system for colorectal cancer therapy.</a> <i>Materials</i>, <i>13</i>(7), p.1483.</li> <li>Wei, W., Sun, J., Guo, X.Y., Chen, X., Wang, R., Qiu, C., Zhang, H.T., Pang, W.H., Wang, J.C. and Zhang, Q., 2020. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsami.9b22781">Microfluidic-based holonomic constraints of siRNA in the kernel of lipid/polymer hybrid nanoassemblies for improving stable and safe in vivo delivery.</a> <i>ACS applied materials & interfaces</i>, <i>12</i>(13), pp.14839-14854.</li> </ol> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Top Experts on “<b style="color:#000;font-size:22px;">drug delivery</b>“</h2> </div> </div><div class="author-main"><div id="results_author"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a class="register-button" href="https://thepharma.net/expert-search" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find experts on any field</a></div></div><div class="inside-article" style="background: none;border: none;box-shadow: none;margin-top: -70px;"> <style> .author-block { padding: 15px; 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