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It is the best-selling or most frequently broadcast <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">popular music</a>. <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record_chart" title="Record chart">Record charts</a> have traditionally consisted of a total of 40 songs. "Top 40" or "<a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contemporary_hit_radio" title="Contemporary hit radio">contemporary hit radio</a>" is also a <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_format" title="Radio format">radio format</a>. Frequent variants of the Top 40 are the <b>Top 10</b>, <b>Top 20</b>, <b>Top 30</b>, <b>Top 50</b>, <b>Top 75</b>, <b>Top 100</b> and <b>Top 200</b>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"/><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Music_charts"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Music charts</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Radio_format"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Radio format</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Top_40&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <p>According to producer Richard Fatherley, <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todd_Storz" title="Todd Storz">Todd Storz</a> was the inventor of the format, at his radio station <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KCRO" title="KCRO">KOWH</a> in <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omaha,_Nebraska" title="Omaha, Nebraska">Omaha, Nebraska</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup> Storz invented the format in the early 1950s, using the number of times a record was played on <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jukebox" title="Jukebox">jukeboxes</a> to compose a weekly list for broadcast.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> The format was commercially successful, and Storz and his father Robert, under the name of the Storz Broadcasting Company, subsequently acquired other stations to use the new Top 40 format. In 1989, Todd Storz was inducted into the Nebraska Broadcasters Association Hall of Fame.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> </p><p>The term "Top 40", describing a <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_format" title="Radio format">radio format</a>, appeared in 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup> The Top 40, whether surveyed by a radio station or a publication, was a list of songs that shared only the common characteristic of being newly released. Its introduction coincided with a transition from the old <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonograph_record#78_rpm_disc_developments" title="Phonograph record">ten-inch 78 rpm record format</a> for single "pop" recordings to the seven-inch vinyl 45 rpm format, introduced in 1949, which was outselling it by 1954 and soon replaced it completely in 1958. The Top 40 thereafter became a survey of the popularity of <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_(music)" title="Single (music)">45 rpm singles</a> and their airplay on the radio. Some nationally syndicated radio shows, such as <i><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Top_40" title="American Top 40">American Top 40</a></i>, featured a countdown of the 40 highest ranked songs on a particular music or entertainment publication. Although such publications often listed more than 40 charted hits, such as the <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100"><i>Billboard</i> Hot 100</a>, time constraints allowed for the airing of only 40 songs; hence, the term "top 40" gradually became part of the vernacular associated with popular music. </p><p>An article in the Spring 2012 issue of <i>Nebraska History</i> magazine offered this comment as to Todd Storz' legacy: "the radio revolution that Storz began with KOWH was already sweeping the nation. Thousands of radio station owners had realized the enormous potential for a new kind of radio. When television became popular, social monitors predicted that radio would die. However, because of the invention of Storz and others like him, radio would be reborn".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> </p><p>Storz is credited by some sources as helping to popularize <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a> music. By the mid-1950s, his station, and the numerous others which eventually adopted the Top 40 format, were playing records by artists such as "<a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Presley</a>, <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Lee_Lewis" title="Jerry Lee Lewis">Lewis</a>, <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Haley" title="Bill Haley">Haley</a>, <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Berry" title="Chuck Berry">Berry</a> and <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fats_Domino" title="Fats Domino">Domino</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> </p><p>From the 1980s onwards, different recording formats have competed with the 45 rpm vinyl record. This includes <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassette_single" title="Cassette single">cassette singles</a>, <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD_single" title="CD single">CD singles</a>, digital downloads and <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streaming_media" title="Streaming media">streaming</a>. Many music charts changed their eligibility rules to incorporate some, or all, of these. </p><p>Some <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">disc jockeys</a> presenting Top 40 and similar format programs have been implicated in various <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payola" title="Payola">payola</a> scandals. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Music_charts">Music charts</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Top_40&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Music charts">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Record_chart#Music_charts_and_programs" title="Record chart">Record chart § Music charts and programs</a></div> <p>Music charts and various radio programs adopt different chart formats including Top 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 75, 100 and 200 although radio formats usually restrict to the Top 40 wherever the chart contains more than 40 songs. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Radio_format">Radio format</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Top_40&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Radio format">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1033289096"/><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contemporary_hit_radio" title="Contemporary hit radio">Contemporary hit radio</a></div> <p>Top 40 is also adopted to a radio format called Top 40 format, spinning mainly hits appearing in the official Top 40 charts of the country in addition to some upcoming hits that are greatly expected to get into the Top 40 imminently. The format is variously known also as <b>CHR</b> (contemporary hit radio), contemporary hits, hit list, current hits, hit music, top 40, or pop radio. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Top_40&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contemporary_hit_radio" title="Contemporary hit radio">Contemporary hit radio</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainstream_Top_40" title="Mainstream Top 40">Mainstream Top 40</a></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Top_40&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1067248974">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//web.archive.org/web/20220810062211im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//web.archive.org/web/20220810062211im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//web.archive.org/web/20220810062211im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//web.archive.org/web/20220810062211im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFFong-Torres1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Fong-Torres" title="Ben Fong-Torres">Fong-Torres, Ben</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://archive.org/details/hitsjustkeeponco00fong"><i>Dick Fatherly Knows Best (from The Hits Just Keep Coming: The History of Top 40 Radio)</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dick+Fatherly+Knows+Best+%28from+The+Hits+Just+Keep+Coming%3A+The+History+of+Top+40+Radio%29&rft.pub=Miller+Freeman+Books&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-87930-547-9&rft.aulast=Fong-Torres&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhitsjustkeeponco00fong&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATop+40" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://kimsloans.wordpress.com/tag/todd-storz-and-top-40-radio/">"POPBOPROCKTILUDROP"</a>. <i>kimsloans.wordpress.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kimsloans.wordpress.com&rft.atitle=POPBOPROCKTILUDROP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkimsloans.wordpress.com%2Ftag%2Ftodd-storz-and-top-40-radio%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATop+40" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFFisher2007" class="citation book cs1">Fisher, Marc (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://archive.org/details/somethinginairra00fish"><i>Something In The Air: Radio, Rock & The Revolution</i></a>. Random House Books. <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-50907-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-50907-0"><bdi>978-0-375-50907-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Something+In+The+Air%3A+Radio%2C+Rock+%26+The+Revolution&rft.pub=Random+House+Books&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-375-50907-0&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsomethinginairra00fish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATop+40" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://ne-ba.org/">"Nebraska Broadcasters Association Hall of Fame"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nebraska+Broadcasters+Association+Hall+of+Fame&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fne-ba.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATop+40" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Timeline/Fun Facts," <i>Broadcasting & Cable</i>, Nov. 21, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://history.nebraska.gov/blog/todd-storz-radio-new-era">"Todd Storz: Radio for a New Era"</a>. <i>History Nebraska</i>. March 20, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 4,</span> 2021</span>. <q>The shift in the musical experience was profound and paved the way for listening styles of subsequent decades</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+Nebraska&rft.atitle=Todd+Storz%3A+Radio+for+a+New+Era&rft.date=2018-03-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.nebraska.gov%2Fblog%2Ftodd-storz-radio-new-era&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATop+40" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/style/1992/06/28/from-hit-parade-to-top-40/4550deaf-6e31-4e99-bcbe-0c7378bf1cd3/">"FROM HIT PARADE TO TOP 40"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. June 28, 1992<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 4,</span> 2021</span>. <q>in the mid- to late '50s with upstarts named Presley, Lewis, Haley, Berry and Domino</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=FROM+HIT+PARADE+TO+TOP+40&rft.date=1992-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Farchive%2Flifestyle%2Fstyle%2F1992%2F06%2F28%2Ffrom-hit-parade-to-top-40%2F4550deaf-6e31-4e99-bcbe-0c7378bf1cd3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATop+40" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFHall2014" class="citation book cs1">Hall, Michael K (May 9, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://books.google.com/books?id=QWeLAwAAQBAJ&q=Rock%27n%27Roll++evolved+1940s+and+50s"><i>The Emergence of Rock and Roll: Music and the Rise of American Youth Culture, Timeline</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415833134" title="Special:BookSources/978-0415833134"><bdi>978-0415833134</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Emergence+of+Rock+and+Roll%3A+Music+and+the+Rise+of+American+Youth+Culture%2C+Timeline&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2014-05-09&rft.isbn=978-0415833134&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Michael+K&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQWeLAwAAQBAJ%26q%3DRock%2527n%2527Roll%2B%2Bevolved%2B1940s%2Band%2B50s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATop+40" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Top_40&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li>Pete Battistini, "American Top 40 with Casey Kasem The 1970s", <i>Authorhouse.com</i>, January 31, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4184-1070-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-4184-1070-5">1-4184-1070-5</a></li> <li>Susan Douglas, <i>Listening In: Radio and the American Imagination</i> (New York: Times Books, 1999)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFDurkee1999" class="citation book cs1">Durkee, Rob (1999). <i>American Top 40: The Countdown of the Century</i>. New York: Schriner Books. <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-02-864895-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-02-864895-1"><bdi>0-02-864895-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Top+40%3A+The+Countdown+of+the+Century&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Schriner+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-02-864895-1&rft.aulast=Durkee&rft.aufirst=Rob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATop+40" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite id="CITEREFFisher2007" class="citation book cs1">Fisher, Mark (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://archive.org/details/somethinginairra00fish"><i>Something in the Air: Radio, Rock, and the Revolution That Shaped a Generation</i></a>. New York: Random House. <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-375-50907-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-375-50907-0"><bdi>978-0-375-50907-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Something+in+the+Air%3A+Radio%2C+Rock%2C+and+the+Revolution+That+Shaped+a+Generation&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-375-50907-0&rft.aulast=Fisher&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsomethinginairra00fish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATop+40" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Ben Fong-Torres, <i>The Hits Just Keep On Coming: The History of Top 40 Radio</i> (San Francisco: Backbeat Books, 1998)</li> <li>Elwood F. 'Woody' Goulart, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://drwoodyg.com/hollywood-rock-and-roll-radio/studying-radio/">The Mystique and Mass Persuasion: Bill Drake & Gene Chenault’s Rock and Roll Radio Programming</a></i> (2006)</li> <li>David MacFarland, <i>The Development of the Top 40 Radio Format</i> (New York: Arno Press, 1979)</li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Top_40&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></h2> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/http://americanradioworks.publicradio.org/features/radio/">Public Radio documentary featuring a history of Top 40</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20220810062211im_/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" title="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"/></noscript> <div class="printfooter">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Top_40&oldid=1093726876">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Top_40&oldid=1093726876</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Pop_music" title="Category:Pop music">Pop music</a></li><li><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Record_charts" title="Category:Record charts">Record charts</a></li><li><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Radio_formats" title="Category:Radio formats">Radio formats</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigation menu</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" role="navigation"> <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading "> <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Personal tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"><li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="The user page for the IP address you are editing as">Not logged in</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Top+40" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/web/20220810062211/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Top+40" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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