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<li id="toc-Discovery_and_early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discovery_and_early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Discovery and early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discovery_and_early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Recent history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Flora and fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Crozet Islands</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 56 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-56" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">56 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozeteilande" title="Crozeteilande – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Crozeteilande" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="جزر كروزيت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جزر كروزيت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islles_Crozet" title="Islles Crozet – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Islles Crozet" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroze_adalar%C4%B1" title="Kroze adaları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kroze adaları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Астравы Кразэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Астравы Кразэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Крозе – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Крозе" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inizi_Crozet" title="Inizi Crozet – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Inizi Crozet" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illes_Crozet" title="Illes Crozet – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Illes Crozet" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipel_des_Crozet_(dapit_sa_pulo_sa_Kayutaang_Pranses_sa_Habagatan)" title="Archipel des Crozet (dapit sa pulo sa Kayutaang Pranses sa Habagatan) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Archipel des Crozet (dapit sa pulo sa Kayutaang Pranses sa Habagatan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozetovy_ostrovy" title="Crozetovy ostrovy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Crozetovy ostrovy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozetinseln" title="Crozetinseln – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Crozetinseln" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B6%CE%AD" title="Αρχιπέλαγος Κροζέ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αρχιπέλαγος Κροζέ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Crozet" title="Islas Crozet – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islas Crozet" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krozet-Insuloj" title="Krozet-Insuloj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Krozet-Insuloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozet_uharteak" title="Crozet uharteak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Crozet uharteak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%AA" title="جزایر کروزت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جزایر کروزت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archipel_Crozet" title="Archipel Crozet – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Archipel Crozet" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozeteilannen" title="Crozeteilannen – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Crozeteilannen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krozet_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Krozet Adaları – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Krozet Adaları" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illas_Crozet" title="Illas Crozet – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Illas Crozet" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A1%9C%EC%A0%9C_%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="크로제 제도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크로제 제도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oto%C4%8Dje_Crozet" title="Otočje Crozet – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Otočje Crozet" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepulauan_Crozet" title="Kepulauan Crozet – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kepulauan Crozet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isole_Crozet" title="Isole Crozet – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isole Crozet" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%96%D7%94" title="איי קרוזה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="איי קרוזה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%96%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="კროზეს კუნძულები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კროზეს კუნძულები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulae_Crozet" title="Insulae Crozet – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Insulae Crozet" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroz%C4%93_salas" title="Krozē salas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Krozē salas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kroz%C4%97_salos" title="Krozė salos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Krozė salos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoe_Crozet" title="Isoe Crozet – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Isoe Crozet" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozet-szigetek" title="Crozet-szigetek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Crozet-szigetek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Крозе – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Крозе" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="جزر كروزيت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جزر كروزيت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepulauan_Crozet" title="Kepulauan Crozet – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kepulauan Crozet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozeteilanden" title="Crozeteilanden – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Crozeteilanden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BC%E3%83%BC%E8%AB%B8%E5%B3%B6" title="クローゼー諸島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クローゼー諸島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozet%C3%B8yene" title="Crozetøyene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Crozetøyene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozet%C3%B8yane" title="Crozetøyane – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Crozetøyane" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illas_Crozet" title="Illas Crozet – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Illas Crozet" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyspy_Crozeta" title="Wyspy Crozeta – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wyspy Crozeta" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilhas_Crozet" title="Ilhas Crozet – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ilhas Crozet" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulele_Crozet" title="Insulele Crozet – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Insulele Crozet" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Острова Крозе – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Острова Крозе" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozet_Islands" title="Crozet Islands – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Crozet Islands" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozetove_ostrovy" title="Crozetove ostrovy – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Crozetove ostrovy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozetovi_otoki" title="Crozetovi otoki – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Crozetovi otoki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Острва Крозе – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Острва Крозе" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozetsaaret" title="Crozetsaaret – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Crozetsaaret" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozet%C3%B6arna" title="Crozetöarna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Crozetöarna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Крозе утраулары – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Крозе утраулары" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crozet_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Crozet Adaları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Crozet Adaları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Крозе – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Крозе" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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Crozet" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%BD%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="克罗泽群岛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克罗泽群岛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q201698#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crozet_Islands&params=46_22_48_S_51_40_12_E_region:FR-TF_type:isle_scale:1000000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°22′48″S</span> <span class="longitude">51°40′12″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.38000°S 51.67000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-46.38000; 51.67000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Archipelago in the subantarctic French territories</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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.infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Crozet Islands</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Îles Crozet</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Crozet Islands"><img alt="Flag of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="283" /></a></span></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="Flag of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands">Flag of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Armoiries_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Crozet Islands"><img alt="Coat of arms of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Armoiries_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg/85px-Armoiries_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Armoiries_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg/128px-Armoiries_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Armoiries_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg/170px-Armoiries_Terres_australes_et_antarctiques_fran%C3%A7aises.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1260" /></a></span></div> <div>Coat of arms</div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Motto: </b>"<a href="/wiki/Libert%C3%A9,_%C3%A9galit%C3%A9,_fraternit%C3%A9" title="Liberté, égalité, fraternité">Liberté, égalité, fraternité</a>"</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><b>Anthem:</b> <i><a href="/wiki/La_Marseillaise" title="La Marseillaise">La Marseillaise</a></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Orthographic_projection_centred_over_the_Iles_Crozet.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Orthographic projection centred over the Îles Crozet."><img alt="Orthographic projection centred over the Îles Crozet." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Orthographic_projection_centred_over_the_Iles_Crozet.png/250px-Orthographic_projection_centred_over_the_Iles_Crozet.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Orthographic_projection_centred_over_the_Iles_Crozet.png/375px-Orthographic_projection_centred_over_the_Iles_Crozet.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Orthographic_projection_centred_over_the_Iles_Crozet.png 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="487" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption"><a href="/wiki/Orthographic_projection" title="Orthographic projection">Orthographic projection</a> centred over the <i>Îles Crozet</i>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">District of <a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129712854">.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-title-embed{background-color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;padding:0.3em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native>div{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country{border-top:1px solid black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country2{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-below{text-align:left;border-top:#aaa 1px solid}</style><table class="infobox ib-islands vcard"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Crozet.sized.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Crozet.sized.jpg/260px-Crozet.sized.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Crozet.sized.jpg/390px-Crozet.sized.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Crozet.sized.jpg/520px-Crozet.sized.jpg 2x" data-file-width="632" data-file-height="413" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">One of the Crozet Islands</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:260px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:260px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:260px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Ocean_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crozet Islands is located in Indian Ocean"><img alt="Crozet Islands is located in Indian Ocean" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Indian_Ocean_laea_location_map.svg/260px-Indian_Ocean_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Indian_Ocean_laea_location_map.svg/390px-Indian_Ocean_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Indian_Ocean_laea_location_map.svg/520px-Indian_Ocean_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="709" data-file-height="666" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:76.186%;left:26.072%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Crozet Islands"><img alt="Crozet Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/8px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/16px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Crozet Islands</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crozet_Islands&params=46_22_48_S_51_40_12_E_region:FR-TF_type:isle_scale:1000000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°22′48″S</span> <span class="longitude">51°40′12″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.38000°S 51.67000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-46.38000; 51.67000</span></span></span></a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archipelago</th><td class="infobox-data note">Crozet Islands</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total islands</th><td class="infobox-data">6</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major islands</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">352 km<sup>2</sup> (136 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">1,090 m (3580 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest point</th><td class="infobox-data">Mont Marion-Dufresne</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Administration</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_territory_(France)" title="Overseas territory (France)">Overseas Territory</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">District</th><td class="infobox-data">Crozet Islands</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">18 (winter) <br /> 30 (summer)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Crozet Islands</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Îles Crozet</i>; or, officially, <i>Archipel Crozet</i>) are a <a href="/wiki/Subantarctic" title="Subantarctic">sub-Antarctic</a> <a href="/wiki/Archipelago" title="Archipelago">archipelago</a> of small islands in the southern <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a>. They form one of the five administrative <a href="/wiki/District" title="District">districts</a> of the <a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discovery_and_early_history">Discovery and early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Discovery and early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Crozet Islands were discovered on 24 January 1772, by the expedition of French explorer <a href="/wiki/Marc-Joseph_Marion_du_Fresne" title="Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne">Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne</a>, aboard <i>Le Mascarin</i>. His second-in-command, Julien-Marie Crozet, landed on Île de la Possession, claiming the archipelago for France.<sup id="cite_ref-mills_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mills-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The expedition continued east and landed in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, where Captain Marion and much of his crew were killed and cannibalized by <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81ori_people" title="Māori people">Maoris</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cook_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cook-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crozet survived the disaster, and successfully led the survivors back to their base in <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a>. In 1776, Crozet met <a href="/wiki/James_Cook" title="James Cook">James Cook</a> at <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape Town</a>, at the start of Cook's <a href="/wiki/Third_voyage_of_James_Cook" title="Third voyage of James Cook">third voyage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cook_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cook-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Crozet shared the charts of his ill-fated expedition, and as Cook sailed eastward, he stopped at the islands, naming the western group <i>Marion</i> and the eastern group <i>Crozet</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-mills_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mills-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the following years, sealers visiting the islands referred to both the eastern and western groups as the Crozet Islands, and Marion Island became the name of the larger of the two <a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Islands" title="Prince Edward Islands">Prince Edward Islands</a>, which had been discovered by Captain Marion on the same expedition.<sup id="cite_ref-mills_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mills-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 19th century, the islands were often visited by sealers, and the <a href="/wiki/Seal_(mammal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal (mammal)">seals</a> had been nearly exterminated by 1835. Between 1804 and 1911, 153 vessels visited the island for seals, seven of which wrecked on the coast.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, <a href="/wiki/Whaling" title="Whaling">whaling</a> was the main activity around the islands, especially by the whalers from <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>. In 1841, there were a dozen whaleships around the islands. Within a couple of years, this had increased to twenty from the United States alone. Such exploitation was short-lived, and the islands were rarely visited for the rest of the century. The islands were uninhabited during the late 19th century.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There were many shipwrecks on the Crozet Islands. The British sealer, <i><a href="/wiki/Princess_of_Wales_(1796_sloop)" title="Princess of Wales (1796 sloop)">Princess of Wales</a></i>, sank in 1821, and the survivors spent two years on the islands. A castaway wrote 'The land affords no shelter whatever, there being neither tree nor shrub, and the weather is at most times extremely wet, and snow frequently on the ground'.<sup id="cite_ref-goodridge_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-goodridge-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1825 the <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aventure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aventure (page does not exist)">Aventure</a></i> was wrecked and 7 men survived.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i><a href="/wiki/Strathmore_(ship)" title="Strathmore (ship)">Strathmore</a></i> was wrecked in 1875 and 44 people survived on a small island for 7 months. In 1887, the French <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamaris_(ship)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamaris (ship) (page does not exist)">Tamaris</a></i> was wrecked and her crew stranded on Île des Cochons. They tied a note to the leg of an <a href="/wiki/Albatross" title="Albatross">albatross</a>, which was found seven months later in <a href="/wiki/Fremantle,_Western_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Fremantle, Western Australia">Fremantle, Western Australia</a>, but the crew was never recovered.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For some time, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> dispatched a ship every few years to look for stranded survivors. The steamship <i>Australasian</i> also checked for survivors en route to Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history">Recent history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Recent history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between 1924 and 1955, France administered the islands as a dependency of <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>. In 1938, the Crozet Islands were declared a nature reserve. The Crozet Islands became part of the <a href="/wiki/French_Southern_Territories" class="mw-redirect" title="French Southern Territories">French Southern Territories</a> in 1955. In 1961, a first research station was set up, but it was not until 1963 that the permanent station <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Faure" title="Alfred Faure">Alfred Faure</a> opened at Port Alfred on Île de la Possession (both named after the first leader of the station). The station is staffed by 18 to 30 people (varying by season). They perform <a href="/wiki/Meteorology" title="Meteorology">meteorological</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">biological</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Geology" title="Geology">geological</a> research, and maintain a <a href="/wiki/Seismograph" class="mw-redirect" title="Seismograph">seismograph</a> and a geomagnetic observatory (<a href="/wiki/IAGA" class="mw-redirect" title="IAGA">IAGA</a> code: CZT). The <a href="/wiki/CTBTO" class="mw-redirect" title="CTBTO">Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization</a> has listening equipment on the island and it was disclosed that two of its stations, the other being on Ascension Island, detected what is believed to be an underwater, non-nuclear explosion off the coast of Argentina and believed to be the fatal accident of the <a href="/wiki/ARA_San_Juan_(S-42)" title="ARA San Juan (S-42)">ARA <i>San Juan</i></a> submarine in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geology">Geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The islands lie on the <a href="/wiki/Antarctic_Plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Antarctic Plate">Antarctic Plate</a>, roughly between the <a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_hotspot" title="Kerguelen hotspot">Kerguelen hotspot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a> and southern Africa. The oldest island, <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_l%27Est" title="Île de l'Est">Île de l'Est</a>, formed roughly 9 million years ago from a hotspot,<sup id="cite_ref-Meyzen2016_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyzen2016-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has continued forming islands to the west until, ostensibly, the present.<sup id="cite_ref-Quilty2007_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Quilty2007-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this apparently young age, no volcanic activity has been observed to date on any of the islands. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Not including minor islets or rock reefs etc., the Crozet group consists of six islands. From west to east: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>No.</th> <th>Island or Group (<i>English</i>)</th> <th>Area</th> <th>Highest Peak</th> <th>Location </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"><b>L'Occidental (<i>Western Group</i>)</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_aux_Cochons" title="Île aux Cochons">Île aux Cochons</a> (<i>Pig Island</i>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">67 km<sup>2</sup> (26 sq mi)</td> <td>Mont Richard-Foy, 770 m (2,526 ft)</td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crozet_Islands&params=46_06_09_S_50_13_54_E_region:FR-TF_type:isle&title=Pig+Island"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°06′09″S</span> <span class="longitude">50°13′54″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.10250°S 50.23167°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-46.10250; 50.23167</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Pig Island</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_des_Pingouins" title="Île des Pingouins">Île des Pingouins</a> (<i>Penguin Island</i>, literally <i>Auk Island</i>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">3 km<sup>2</sup> (1.2 sq mi)</td> <td>Mont des Manchots 340 m (1,115 ft)</td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crozet_Islands&params=46_25_01_S_50_24_10_E_region:FR-TF_type:isle&title=Penguin+Island"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°25′01″S</span> <span class="longitude">50°24′10″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.41694°S 50.40278°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-46.41694; 50.40278</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Penguin Island</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Elots_des_Ap%C3%B4tres" title="Îlots des Apôtres">Îlots des Apôtres</a> (<i>Apostle Islets</i>)<sup>(1)</sup></td> <td style="text-align:center;">2 km<sup>2</sup> (0.8 sq mi)</td> <td>Mont Pierre, 289 m (948 ft)</td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crozet_Islands&params=45_57_18_S_50_25_30_E_region:FR-TF_type:isle&title=%C3%8Elots+des+Ap%C3%B4tres"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">45°57′18″S</span> <span class="longitude">50°25′30″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">45.95500°S 50.42500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-45.95500; 50.42500</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Îlots des Apôtres</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:center; background:#ccc;"><b>L'Oriental (<i>Eastern Group</i>)</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_la_Possession" title="Île de la Possession">Île de la Possession</a> (<i>Possession Island</i>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">150 km<sup>2</sup> (58 sq mi)</td> <td>Pic du Mascarin, 934 m (3,064 ft)</td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crozet_Islands&params=46_24_27_S_51_45_27_E_region:FR-TF_type:isle_scale:200000&title=Possession+Island"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°24′27″S</span> <span class="longitude">51°45′27″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.40750°S 51.75750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-46.40750; 51.75750</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Possession Island</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_de_l%27Est" title="Île de l'Est">Île de l'Est</a> (<i>East Island</i>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">130 km<sup>2</sup> (50 sq mi)</td> <td>Mont Marion-Dufresne, 1,090 m (3,576 ft)</td> <td><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crozet_Islands&params=46_25_48_S_52_12_27_E_region:FR-TF_type:isle_scale:200000&title=East+Island"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">46°25′48″S</span> <span class="longitude">52°12′27″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">46.43000°S 52.20750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-46.43000; 52.20750</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">East Island</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span> </td></tr> <tr style="background:#ccc;"> <td> </td> <td><b>Îles Crozet (Crozet Islands</b>)</td> <td style="text-align:center;">352 km<sup>2</sup> (136 sq mi)</td> <td>Mont Marion-Dufresne, 1,090 m (3,576 ft)</td> <td>45°57' to 46°29'S<br />50°10' to 52°19'E </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crozet_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Crozet_Map.png/350px-Crozet_Map.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Crozet_Map.png/525px-Crozet_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Crozet_Map.png/700px-Crozet_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="2280" data-file-height="1348" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Crozet Islands</figcaption></figure> <p><sup>(1)</sup> Group of two major islands (Grande Île—Big Island, and Petite Île—Little Island) and about 20 pinnacle rocks. </p><p>The Eastern and Western Groups are 94.5 km (51 nmi) apart (from Île des Pingouins to Île de la Possession). </p><p>The Crozet Islands are uninhabited except for the research station <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Faure" title="Alfred Faure">Alfred Faure</a> (Port Alfred) on the east side of Île de la Possession, which has been continuously staffed since 1963. Previous scientific stations included La Grande Manchotière and La Petite Manchotière. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Crozet Islands have a maritime-influenced <a href="/wiki/Tundra_climate" title="Tundra climate">tundra climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>, ET). Monthly temperatures average around 2.9 °C (37 °F) and 7.9 °C (46 °F) in winter and summer, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-WWF_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WWF-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Precipitation is high, with over 2,000 mm (78.7 in) per year. It rains on average 300 days a year, and winds exceeding 100 km/h (62 mph) occur on 100 days a year. The temperatures may rise to 18 °C (64.4 °F) in summer and rarely go below −5 °C (23 °F), even in winter. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Alfred Faure (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC5A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.4<br />(61.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.4<br />(59.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8308; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.4<br />(72.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1<br />(50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(43.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(42.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2<br />(48.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.9<br />(46.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5<br />(45.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(46.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9<br />(40.8) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8<br />(38.8) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7<br />(38.7) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2<br />(37.8) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1<br />(39.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF2E6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(43.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2<br />(41.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5<br />(34.7) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4<br />(34.5) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(33.6) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(33.4) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3<br />(34.3) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3<br />(36.1) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7<br />(33.3) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4<br />(31.3) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.5<br />(27.5) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.7<br />(25.3) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.0<br />(23.0) </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.7<br />(23.5) </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.6<br />(20.1) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.9<br />(25.0) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.8<br />(27.0) </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.9<br />(28.6) </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−6.6<br />(20.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #40FF40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">127.8<br />(5.03) </td> <td style="background: #2BFF2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">129.1<br />(5.08) </td> <td style="background: #25FF25; color:#000000;" class="notheme">146.2<br />(5.76) </td> <td style="background: #08FF08; color:#000000;" class="notheme">160.2<br />(6.31) </td> <td style="background: #00E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186.2<br />(7.33) </td> <td style="background: #34FF34; color:#000000;" class="notheme">131.7<br />(5.19) </td> <td style="background: #2FFF2F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">139.2<br />(5.48) </td> <td style="background: #14FF14; color:#000000;" class="notheme">157.3<br />(6.19) </td> <td style="background: #03FF03; color:#000000;" class="notheme">163.6<br />(6.44) </td> <td style="background: #16FF16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">156.2<br />(6.15) </td> <td style="background: #1BFF1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">147.9<br />(5.82) </td> <td style="background: #2BFF2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">142.0<br />(5.59) </td> <td style="background: #1DFF1D; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,782.5<br />(70.18) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.97 </td> <td style="background: #6161FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">11.64 </td> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.37 </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.89 </td> <td style="background: #3232FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.54 </td> <td style="background: #4141FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.85 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.81 </td> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.04 </td> <td style="background: #4242FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.75 </td> <td style="background: #5353FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.86 </td> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.92 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.88 </td> <td style="background: #4949FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">172.91 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #ABABA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">96.6 </td> <td style="background: #959595; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.7 </td> <td style="background: #777777; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.4 </td> <td style="background: #141414; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #1F1F1F; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #1B1B1B; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.8 </td> <td style="background: #383838; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">30.8 </td> <td style="background: #4C4C4C; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.9 </td> <td style="background: #575757; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46.1 </td> <td style="background: #717171; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62.1 </td> <td style="background: #979797; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.1 </td> <td style="background: #737373; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.2 </td> <td style="background: #5D5D5D; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">600.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Meteo climat<sup id="cite_ref-MC1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MC1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MC2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MC2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Flora and fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The islands are part of the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Indian_Ocean_Islands_tundra" title="Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra">Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra</a> <a href="/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion">ecoregion</a> that includes several <a href="/wiki/Subantarctic" title="Subantarctic">subantarctic</a> islands. In this cold climate, plant life is mainly limited to grasses, <a href="/wiki/Moss" title="Moss">mosses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lichen" title="Lichen">lichens</a>, while the main animals are insects along with large populations of <a href="/wiki/Seabird" title="Seabird">seabirds</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">seals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Penguin" title="Penguin">penguins</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WWF_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WWF-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Crozet Islands are home to four species of <a href="/wiki/Penguin" title="Penguin">penguins</a>. Most abundant are the <a href="/wiki/Macaroni_penguin" title="Macaroni penguin">macaroni penguin</a>, of which some 2 million pairs breed on the islands, and the <a href="/wiki/King_penguin" title="King penguin">king penguin</a>, home to 700,000 breeding pairs; half the world's population.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Eastern_rockhopper_penguin" title="Eastern rockhopper penguin">eastern rockhopper penguin</a> also can be found, and there is a small colony of <a href="/wiki/Gentoo_penguin" title="Gentoo penguin">gentoo penguins</a>. There is also an endemic subspecies of the duck <a href="/wiki/Eaton%27s_pintail" title="Eaton's pintail">Eaton's pintail</a>. Other birds include <a href="/wiki/Black-faced_sheathbill" title="Black-faced sheathbill">black-faced sheathbills</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petrel" title="Petrel">petrels</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Albatross" title="Albatross">albatross</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Wandering_albatross" class="mw-redirect" title="Wandering albatross">wandering albatross</a>. </p><p>Mammals living on the Crozet Islands include <a href="/wiki/Fur_seal" title="Fur seal">fur seals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southern_elephant_seal" title="Southern elephant seal">southern elephant seals</a>. <a href="/wiki/Killer_whales" class="mw-redirect" title="Killer whales">Killer whales</a> have been observed preying upon the seals. The transient killer whales of the Crozet Islands are famous for intentionally beaching (and later un-stranding) themselves while actively hunting the islands' breeding seal population. This is a very rare behaviour, most often seen in the <a href="/wiki/Patagonia" title="Patagonia">Patagonia</a> region of <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a>, and is thought to be a learned skill passed down through generations of individual orca families. These killer whales also seem to stay around the Crozet Islands year-round, feeding on mostly seals during the summer, and then feeding on penguins for the winter. </p><p>The Crozet Islands have been a nature reserve since 1938. Introduction of foreign species (<a href="/wiki/Mouse" title="Mouse">mice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rat" title="Rat">rats</a>, and subsequently <a href="/wiki/Cat" title="Cat">cats</a> for pest control) has caused severe damage to the original <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">ecosystem</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Pig" title="Pig">pigs</a> that had been introduced on Île des Cochons and the <a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">goats</a> brought to Île de la Possession—both as a food resource—have been exterminated. </p><p>Another on-going concern is <a href="/wiki/Overfishing" title="Overfishing">overfishing</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Patagonian_toothfish" title="Patagonian toothfish">Patagonian toothfish</a>, as well as the <a href="/wiki/Albatross" title="Albatross">albatross</a> population, which is being monitored. The waters of the Crozet Islands are patrolled by the French government. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 2012 French film, <a href="/wiki/Haute_Cuisine_(film)" title="Haute Cuisine (film)"><i>Les Saveurs du Palais</i></a>, begins and ends with scenes in the Crozet Islands. The film's protagonist, a grandmotherly chef from the Périgord region of France who signed on as cook for the research station, had once been the personal chef to President <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a>. </p><p>In the 1978 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Desolation_Island_(novel)" title="Desolation Island (novel)">Desolation Island</a></i>, the fifth book in <a href="/wiki/Patrick_O%27Brian" title="Patrick O'Brian">Patrick O'Brian's</a> <a href="/wiki/Aubrey%E2%80%93Maturin_series" title="Aubrey–Maturin series">Aubrey–Maturin series</a>, the fictional <a href="/wiki/Fourth-rate" title="Fourth-rate">naval vessel</a> HMS <i>Leopard</i> is severely damaged by a collision with an iceberg in the southwestern Indian Ocean. The crew attempts to make landfall for repairs on one of the Crozet Islands, but they miss the island and continue to drift towards the east, unable to reverse direction. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Herman_Melville" title="Herman Melville">Herman Melville</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Moby-Dick" title="Moby-Dick">Moby-Dick</a></i>, the Pequod sails near the ‘distant Crozetts’, ’a good cruising ground for Right Whalemen’ in Chapter 52, ‘The Albatross’. See also chapter 58, ’Brit’. </p><p><i>Biggles Cuts it Fine</i> by <a href="/wiki/W._E._Johns" title="W. E. Johns">Captain W. E. Johns</a> is set mainly in the Crozet Islands, where a fictional Russian base is discovered on, what is called in the book, “Hog Island”.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marion_Dufresne_-_Crozet.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Marion Dufresne off the "port" of Crozet. East Island in the background."><img alt="The Marion Dufresne off the "port" of Crozet. East Island in the background." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Marion_Dufresne_-_Crozet.jpg/200px-Marion_Dufresne_-_Crozet.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Marion_Dufresne_-_Crozet.jpg/300px-Marion_Dufresne_-_Crozet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Marion_Dufresne_-_Crozet.jpg/400px-Marion_Dufresne_-_Crozet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="677" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <i><a href="/wiki/Marion_Dufresne_(1994)" title="Marion Dufresne (1994)">Marion Dufresne</a></i> off the "port" of Crozet. East Island in the background.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crozet_-_Manchots.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="One of the penguin colonies of the islands"><img alt="One of the penguin colonies of the islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Crozet_-_Manchots.jpg/200px-Crozet_-_Manchots.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Crozet_-_Manchots.jpg/300px-Crozet_-_Manchots.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Crozet_-_Manchots.jpg/400px-Crozet_-_Manchots.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="676" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">One of the penguin colonies of the islands</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crozet_Islands_eastern_group_-_STS088.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Eastern Group as seen from outer space in December 1998."><img alt="The Eastern Group as seen from outer space in December 1998." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Crozet_Islands_eastern_group_-_STS088.jpg/200px-Crozet_Islands_eastern_group_-_STS088.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Crozet_Islands_eastern_group_-_STS088.jpg/300px-Crozet_Islands_eastern_group_-_STS088.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Crozet_Islands_eastern_group_-_STS088.jpg/400px-Crozet_Islands_eastern_group_-_STS088.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1463" data-file-height="1012" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Eastern Group as seen from outer space in December 1998.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CrozetIslands.A2005275.0620.250m.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Crozet Islands causing a von Kármán vortex street to form under low clouds."><img alt="Crozet Islands causing a von Kármán vortex street to form under low clouds." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/CrozetIslands.A2005275.0620.250m.jpg/200px-CrozetIslands.A2005275.0620.250m.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/CrozetIslands.A2005275.0620.250m.jpg/300px-CrozetIslands.A2005275.0620.250m.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/CrozetIslands.A2005275.0620.250m.jpg/400px-CrozetIslands.A2005275.0620.250m.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Crozet Islands causing a <a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1rm%C3%A1n_vortex_street" title="Kármán vortex street">von Kármán vortex street</a> to form under low clouds.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_France" title="Administrative divisions of France">Administrative divisions of France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands" title="Kerguelen Islands">Kerguelen Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Antarctic_and_subantarctic_islands" title="List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands">List of Antarctic and subantarctic islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_France#French_overseas_islands" title="List of islands of France">List of French overseas islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="List of volcanoes in French Southern and Antarctic Lands">List of volcanoes in French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overseas_France" title="Overseas France">Overseas France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Edward_Islands" title="Prince Edward Islands">Prince Edward Islands</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Official_organisational_chart-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Official_organisational_chart_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Official_organisational_chart_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190509200311/http://www.taaf.fr/IMG/pdf/organigramme_suite_reorg_v29_octobre_2012_avec_districts.pdf">Official organisational chart</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geonames.org/936339/archipel-des-crozet.html">Archipel des Crozet</a> in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geonames.org/about.html">Geonames.org (cc-by)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mills-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mills_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mills_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mills_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMills2003" class="citation book cs1">Mills, William J (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PYdBH4dOOM4C&pg=PA166"><i>Exploring Polar Frontiers: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. pp. 166–167. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576074220" title="Special:BookSources/9781576074220"><bdi>9781576074220</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Exploring+Polar+Frontiers%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia%2C+Volume+1&rft.pages=166-167&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9781576074220&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=William+J&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPYdBH4dOOM4C%26pg%3DPA166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cook-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cook_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cook_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHough1995" class="citation book cs1">Hough, Richard (1995). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/captainjamescook00rich/page/259"><i>Captain James Cook: A Biography</i></a></span>. W. W. Norton & Company. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/captainjamescook00rich/page/259">259–260</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0393315196" title="Special:BookSources/978-0393315196"><bdi>978-0393315196</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Captain+James+Cook%3A+A+Biography&rft.pages=259-260&rft.pub=W.+W.+Norton+%26+Company&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0393315196&rft.aulast=Hough&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcaptainjamescook00rich%2Fpage%2F259&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R.K. Headland, <i>Historical Antarctic Sealing Industry</i>, Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, 2018, p.166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayes1884" class="citation book cs1">Mayes, Samuel (1884). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onesearch.slq.qld.gov.au/permalink/61SLQ_INST/tqqf2h/alma99230073402061"><i>Samuel Mayes Diary 1883-1884</i></a>. Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. p. 27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Samuel+Mayes+Diary+1883-1884&rft.place=Brisbane%2C+Queensland%2C+Australia&rft.pages=27&rft.date=1884&rft.aulast=Mayes&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonesearch.slq.qld.gov.au%2Fpermalink%2F61SLQ_INST%2Ftqqf2h%2Falma99230073402061&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-goodridge-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-goodridge_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoodridge1837" class="citation book cs1">Goodridge, George Medyett (1837). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/files/48507/48507-h/48507-h.htm"><i>Narrative of a voyage to the South Seas</i></a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narrative+of+a+voyage+to+the+South+Seas&rft.date=1837&rft.aulast=Goodridge&rft.aufirst=George+Medyett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F48507%2F48507-h%2F48507-h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crozetvv.free.fr/histoire_naufrages2.php">Le naufrage de l’Aventure (1825)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crozetvv.free.fr/histoire_naufrages4.php">Le naufrage du Tamaris (1887)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article208527244">"THE CROZET ISLANDS"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Express_and_Telegraph" class="mw-redirect" title="The Express and Telegraph">The Express and Telegraph</a></i>. Vol. XXVI, no. 7, 584. South Australia. 21 March 1889. p. 3 (Second Edition.)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2016</span> – via National Library of Australia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Express+and+Telegraph&rft.atitle=THE+CROZET+ISLANDS.&rft.volume=XXVI&rft.issue=7%2C+584&rft.pages=3+%28Second+Edition.%29&rft.date=1889-03-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnla.gov.au%2Fnla.news-article208527244&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-42100620">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Explosion' dashes sub crew survival hopes"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 23 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=%27Explosion%27+dashes+sub+crew+survival+hopes&rft.date=2017-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-latin-america-42100620&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171123202307/http://www.lanacion.com.ar/2084967-submarino-ara-san-juan-como-se-detecto-la-explosion-y-que-podria-significar">"Submarino ARA San Juan: cómo se detectó la explosión y qué podría significar"</a>. <i>La Nacion</i>. 23 November 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/2084967-submarino-ara-san-juan-como-se-detecto-la-explosion-y-que-podria-significar">the original</a> on 23 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Nacion&rft.atitle=Submarino+ARA+San+Juan%3A+c%C3%B3mo+se+detect%C3%B3+la+explosi%C3%B3n+y+qu%C3%A9+podr%C3%ADa+significar&rft.date=2017-11-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lanacion.com.ar%2F2084967-submarino-ara-san-juan-como-se-detecto-la-explosion-y-que-podria-significar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meyzen2016-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Meyzen2016_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarie_MeyzenMarzoliBellieniLevresse2016" class="citation journal cs1">Marie Meyzen, Christine; Marzoli, Andrea; Bellieni, Giuliano; Levresse, Gilles (July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fpetrology%2Fegw045">"Magmatic Activity on a Motionless Plate: the Case of East Island, Crozet Archipelago (Indian Ocean)"</a>. <i>Journal of Petrology</i>. <b>57</b> (7): 1409–1436. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016JPet...57.1409M">2016JPet...57.1409M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fpetrology%2Fegw045">10.1093/petrology/egw045</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Petrology&rft.atitle=Magmatic+Activity+on+a+Motionless+Plate%3A+the+Case+of+East+Island%2C+Crozet+Archipelago+%28Indian+Ocean%29&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=1409-1436&rft.date=2016-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fpetrology%2Fegw045&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016JPet...57.1409M&rft.aulast=Marie+Meyzen&rft.aufirst=Christine&rft.au=Marzoli%2C+Andrea&rft.au=Bellieni%2C+Giuliano&rft.au=Levresse%2C+Gilles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fpetrology%252Fegw045&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Quilty2007-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Quilty2007_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQuilty2007" class="citation journal cs1">Quilty, Patrick G. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/33322688.pdf">"ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF THE SUB-ANTARCTIC ISLANDS: THE FOUNDATION"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania</i>. <b>141</b> (1)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Papers+and+Proceedings+of+the+Royal+Society+of+Tasmania&rft.atitle=ORIGIN+AND+EVOLUTION+OF+THE+SUB-ANTARCTIC+ISLANDS%3A+THE+FOUNDATION&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Quilty&rft.aufirst=Patrick+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Fdownload%2Fpdf%2F33322688.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WWF-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WWF_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WWF_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldwildlife.org/ecoregions/an1104">"Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra"</a>. <i>Terrestrial Ecoregions</i>. World Wildlife Fund<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Terrestrial+Ecoregions&rft.atitle=Southern+Indian+Ocean+Islands+tundra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldwildlife.org%2Fecoregions%2Fan1104&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MC1-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MC1_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/listenormale-1981-2010-1-p216.php">"Moyennes 1981/2010: France (Terres Australes)"</a> (in French). Météoclimat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moyennes+1981%2F2010%3A+France+%28Terres+Australes%29&rft.pub=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9oclimat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org%2Flistenormale-1981-2010-1-p216.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MC2-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MC2_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=73">"STATION Alfred Faure"</a> (in French). Météoclimat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 14,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STATION+Alfred+Faure&rft.pub=M%C3%A9t%C3%A9oclimat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmeteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3Dstati%26id%3D73&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBost2015" class="citation journal cs1">Bost, Charles-André (31 October 2015). "King penquins face longer commute". <i>New Scientist</i>. <b>228</b> (3045): 17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Scientist&rft.atitle=King+penquins+face+longer+commute&rft.volume=228&rft.issue=3045&rft.pages=17&rft.date=2015-10-31&rft.aulast=Bost&rft.aufirst=Charles-Andr%C3%A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biggles.info/">"Roger Harris presents www.Biggles.info"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Roger+Harris+presents+www.Biggles.info&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biggles.info%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeMasurierThomson,_J._W.1990" class="citation book cs1">LeMasurier, W. E.; Thomson, J. W., eds. (1990). <i>Volcanoes of the Antarctic Plate and Southern Oceans</i>. <a href="/wiki/American_Geophysical_Union" title="American Geophysical Union">American Geophysical Union</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87590-172-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87590-172-7"><bdi>0-87590-172-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Volcanoes+of+the+Antarctic+Plate+and+Southern+Oceans&rft.pub=American+Geophysical+Union&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-87590-172-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChurch1985" class="citation book cs1">Church, Ian (1985). <i>Survival on the Crozet Islands: The Wreck of the Strathmore in 1875</i>. Waikanae, New Zealand: Heritage Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-908708-02-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-908708-02-5"><bdi>0-908708-02-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Survival+on+the+Crozet+Islands%3A+The+Wreck+of+the+Strathmore+in+1875&rft.place=Waikanae%2C+New+Zealand&rft.pub=Heritage+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-908708-02-5&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrozet+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b>Map all coordinates using</b> <a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/osm4wiki/cgi-bin/wiki/wiki-osm.pl?project=en&article=Crozet_Islands">OpenStreetMap</a> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" data-expandtext="show links" data-collapsetext="Hide"> <p><b>Download coordinates as:</b> </p> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/kmlexport?article=Crozet_Islands">KML</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=all&titles=Crozet_Islands">GPX (all coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=primary&titles=Crozet_Islands">GPX (primary coordinates)</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://geoexport.toolforge.org/gpx?coprimary=secondary&titles=Crozet_Islands">GPX (secondary coordinates)</a></li></ul> </div> </div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Crozet_Islands#Q201698" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Crozet Islands">Crozet Islands</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Crozet_Islands" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Crozet Islands">Crozet Islands</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crozetvv.free.fr/">Crozetvv.free.fr: Crozet Islands Information</a> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070302051559/http://www.btinternet.com/~sa_sa/crozet_islands/">South Atlantic and Subantarctic Islands website — Crozet Islands webpage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120120224633/http://www.taaf.fr/spip/spip.php?article108">TAAF.fr: French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discoverfrance.net/Colonies/Kerguelen.shtml">DiscoverFrance.net: Kerguelen + Crozet Islands</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/@-46.1662592,50.093992,424685m/data=!3m1!1e3?hl=en">Google Earth view</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Districts_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Districts_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="Template:Districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Districts_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="Template talk:Districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Districts_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Districts_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Districts of the <a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_Land" title="Adélie Land">Adélie Land</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crozet Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands" title="Kerguelen Islands">Kerguelen Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Saint-Paul" title="Île Saint-Paul">Saint Paul</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam">Amsterdam Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses)</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="283" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Overseas_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Overseas_France" title="Template:Overseas France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Overseas_France" title="Template talk:Overseas France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Overseas_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Overseas France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Overseas_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_France" title="Overseas France">Overseas France</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Inhabited_territories" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Inhabited territories</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_departments_and_regions_of_France" title="Overseas departments and regions of France">Overseas<wbr /> regions</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_collectivity" title="Overseas collectivity">Overseas<wbr /> collectivities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sui_generis" title="Sui generis">Sui generis</a><wbr /> collectivity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Uninhabited_territories" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Uninhabited territories</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">North Pacific Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clipperton_Island" title="Clipperton Island">Clipperton Island</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overseas_territory_(France)" title="Overseas territory (France)">Overseas territory</a><wbr /> (<a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern<wbr /> and Antarctic Lands</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_Land" title="Adélie Land">Adélie Land</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crozet Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_domains_of_Saint_Helena" title="French domains of Saint Helena">French domains of Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_domains_of_the_Holy_Land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French domains of the Holy Land (page does not exist)">French domains of the Holy Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands" title="Kerguelen Islands">Kerguelen Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Saint-Paul" title="Île Saint-Paul">Saint Paul</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam">Amsterdam Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Scattered Islands in<wbr /> the Indian Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassas_da_India" title="Bassas da India">Bassas da India</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Island" title="Europa Island">Europa Island</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorioso_Islands" title="Glorioso Islands">Glorioso Islands</a><sup><small>2, 3</small></sup> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Banc_du_Geyser" title="Banc du Geyser">Banc du Geyser</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Nova_Island" title="Juan de Nova Island">Juan de Nova Island</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tromelin_Island" title="Tromelin Island">Tromelin Island</a><sup><small>4</small></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> Also known as <a href="/wiki/Overseas_departments_and_regions_of_France" title="Overseas departments and regions of France">overseas departments</a></li> <li><sup><small>2</small></sup> Claimed by the <a href="/wiki/Comoros" title="Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><sup><small>3</small></sup> Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><sup><small>4</small></sup> Claimed by <a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Template:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Template talk:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Outlying territories of European countries</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Territories under European <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> but closer to or on continents other than Europe (see <a href="/wiki/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries#Inclusion_criteria" title="Template:Outlying territories of European countries">inclusion criteria</a> for further information).</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Denmark</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clipperton_Island" title="Clipperton Island">Clipperton Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_Land" title="Adélie Land">Adélie Land</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crozet Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands" title="Kerguelen Islands">Kerguelen Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul_and_Amsterdam_Islands" title="Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands">Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam"> Amsterdam Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Saint-Paul" title="Île Saint-Paul"> Saint Paul Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassas_da_India" title="Bassas da India">Bassas da India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Island" title="Europa Island">Europa Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorioso_Islands" title="Glorioso Islands">Glorioso Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banc_du_Geyser" title="Banc du Geyser"> Geyser Shoal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Nova_Island" title="Juan de Nova Island">Juan de Nova Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tromelin_Island" title="Tromelin Island">Tromelin Island</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Netherlands" title="Caribbean Netherlands">Caribbean Netherlands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Norway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bouvet_Island" title="Bouvet Island">Bouvet Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_I_Island" title="Peter I Island">Peter I Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Maud_Land" title="Queen Maud Land">Queen Maud Land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_Soberan%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Plazas de Soberanía">Plazas de Soberanía</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alboran_Island" title="Alboran Island">Alboran Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhucemas_Islands" title="Alhucemas Islands">Alhucemas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chafarinas_Islands" title="Chafarinas Islands">Chafarinas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velez_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Velez Islands">Velez Islands</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201698#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201698#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201698#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/315527289">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4709097-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15238649r">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15238649r">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027856992">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10036807">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&oldid=1252784189">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Crozet_Islands&oldid=1252784189</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Crozet_Islands" title="Category:Crozet Islands">Crozet Islands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Archipelagoes_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="Category:Archipelagoes of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands">Archipelagoes of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Archipelagoes_of_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Category:Archipelagoes of the Indian Ocean">Archipelagoes of the Indian Ocean</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="Category:French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Seal_hunting" title="Category:Seal hunting">Seal hunting</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Subantarctic_islands" title="Category:Subantarctic islands">Subantarctic islands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Volcanoes_of_the_French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="Category:Volcanoes of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands">Volcanoes of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 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