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Mebarki</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Khadidja Mebarki"> <meta name="keywords" content="Khadidja Mebarki"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Khadidja Mebarki"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 19</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Khadidja Mebarki</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Implementation of a Quality Management Approach in the Laboratory of Quality Control and the Repression of Fraud (CACQE) of the Wilaya of Bechar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Mebarki">Khadidja Mebarki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naceur%20Boussouar"> Naceur Boussouar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabila%20Ihaddadene"> Nabila Ihaddadene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Akermi"> M. Akermi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food products are particularly sensitive, since they concern the health of the consumer, whether it’s be from the health point of view or commercial, this kind of product must be subjected to rigorous controls, in order to prevent any fraud. Quality and safety are essential for food security, public health and economic development. The strengthening of food security is essential to increase food security which is considered reached when all individuals can at any time access safe and nutritious food they need to lead healthy and active lives. The objective of this project is to initiate a quality approach in the laboratories of the quality control and the repression of fraud. It will be directed towards the application of good laboratory practices, traceability, management of quality documents (quality, procedures and specification manual) and quality audits. And to prepare the ground for a possible accreditation by ISO 17025 standard of BECHAR laboratory’s. The project will take place in four main stages: 1- Preparation of an audit grid; 2- Realization of a quality audit according to the method of 5 M completed by a section on quality documentation; 3- Drafting of an audit report and proposal for recommendations; 4- Implementation of corrective actions on the ground. This last step consisted in the formalization of the cleaning disinfection plan; work on good hygiene practices, establishment of a mapping of processes and flow charts of the different processes of the laboratory, classifying quality documents and formalizing the process of document management. During the period of the study within the laboratory, all facets of the work were almost appreciated, as we participated in the expertise performed in within it. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title="quality">quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISO%2017025%20accreditation" title=" ISO 17025 accreditation"> ISO 17025 accreditation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GLP" title=" GLP"> GLP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21609/implementation-of-a-quality-management-approach-in-the-laboratory-of-quality-control-and-the-repression-of-fraud-cacqe-of-the-wilaya-of-bechar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21609.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">516</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Structure Function and Violation of Scale Invariance in NCSM: Theory and Numerical Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Bekli">M. R. Bekli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Mebarki"> N. Mebarki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Chadou"> I. Chadou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we focus on the structure functions and violation of scale invariance in the context of non-commutative standard model (NCSM). We find that this violation appears in the first order of perturbation theory and a non-commutative version of the DGLAP evolution equation is deduced. Numerical analysis and comparison with experimental data imposes a new bound on the non-commutative parameter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NCSM" title="NCSM">NCSM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structure%20function" title=" structure function"> structure function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DGLAP%20equation" title=" DGLAP equation"> DGLAP equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%20model" title=" standard model"> standard model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16515/structure-function-and-violation-of-scale-invariance-in-ncsm-theory-and-numerical-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16515.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">611</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Doped Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/TiO2 as Potential Anode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Merazga">S. Merazga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Boudeffar"> F. Boudeffar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bouaoua"> A. Bouaoua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Cheriet"> A. Cheriet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Berouaken"> M. Berouaken</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mebarki"> M. Mebarki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Ayouz"> K. Ayouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Gabouze"> N. Gabouze</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Several anode materials as transition metal oxides (Fe3O4, SnO2 a, SnO2, LiCoO2, and Li₄Ti₅O₁₂) has been used. Although titanium oxide has attracted great attention as a; superior electrode for Li-ion batteries due tohis excellent characteristic such as: high capacity, low cost and non-toxicity. In this work, the Synthesis and Characterization of Si Doped Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ with hydrothermal Method was electrochemically evaluated. The SEM images shows that the morphology of LTO powders sizes in the range 70nm.The electrochemical properties of synthesizer nanopowders are investigated for use as an anode active material for lithium-ion batteries by galvanostatic techniques in Li-half cells, obtaining reversible discharge capacity of 173.8 mAh/g at 0.1C even upon 100 cycles.Though the doped powders exhibit an upgrade in The electrical conductivity , This is suitable for use as a high-power cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LTO" title="LTO">LTO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=li-ion" title=" li-ion"> li-ion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=battteries" title=" battteries"> battteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anode" title=" anode"> anode</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170559/synthesis-and-characterization-of-doped-li4ti5o12tio2-as-potential-anode-materials-for-li-ion-batteries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Numerical Study of Blackness Factor Effect on Dark Solitons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khelil%20Khadidja">Khelil Khadidja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, blackness of dark solitons is considered. The exact combination between nonlinearity and dispersion is responsible of solitons stability. Dark solitons get born when dispersion is abnormal and balanced by nonlinearity, at the opposite of brillant solitons which is born by normal dispersion and nonlinearity together. Thanks to their stability, dark solitons are suitable for transmission by optical fibers. Dark solitons which are a solution of Nonlinear Schrodinger equation are simulated with Matlab to discuss the influence of coefficient of blackness. Results show that there is a direct proportion between the coefficient of blackness and the intensity of dark soliton. Those gray solitons are stable and convenient for transmission. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abnormal%20dispersion" title="abnormal dispersion">abnormal dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinearity" title=" nonlinearity"> nonlinearity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20fiber" title=" optical fiber"> optical fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soliton" title=" soliton"> soliton</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80445/numerical-study-of-blackness-factor-effect-on-dark-solitons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80445.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> The Parallelization of Algorithm Based on Partition Principle for Association Rules Discovery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Belbachir">Khadidja Belbachir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafida%20Belbachir"> Hafida Belbachir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> subsequently the expansion of the physical supports storage and the needs ceaseless to accumulate several data, the sequential algorithms of associations’ rules research proved to be ineffective. Thus the introduction of the new parallel versions is imperative. We propose in this paper, a parallel version of a sequential algorithm “Partition”. This last is fundamentally different from the other sequential algorithms, because it scans the data base only twice to generate the significant association rules. By consequence, the parallel approach does not require much communication between the sites. The proposed approach was implemented for an experimental study. The obtained results, shows a great reduction in execution time compared to the sequential version and Count Distributed algorithm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=association%20rules" title="association rules">association rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributed%20data%20mining" title=" distributed data mining"> distributed data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partition" title=" partition"> partition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parallel%20algorithms" title=" parallel algorithms"> parallel algorithms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34591/the-parallelization-of-algorithm-based-on-partition-principle-for-association-rules-discovery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Analysis of Evolution of Higher Order Solitons by Numerical Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Khadidja">K. Khadidja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Solitons are stable solution of nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Their stability is due to the exact combination between nonlinearity and dispersion which causes pulse broadening. Higher order solitons are born when nonlinear length is N multiple of dispersive length. Soliton order is determined by the number N itself. In this paper, evolution of higher order solitons is illustrated by simulation using Matlab. Results show that higher order solitons change their shape periodically, the reason why they are bad for transmission comparing to fundamental solitons which are constant. Partial analysis of a soliton of higher order explains that the periodic shape is due to the interplay between nonlinearity and dispersion which are not equal during a period. This class of solitons has many applications such as generation of supercontinuum and the impulse compression on the Femtosecond scale. As a conclusion, the periodicity which is harmful to transmission can be beneficial in other applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion" title="dispersion">dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinearity" title=" nonlinearity"> nonlinearity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20fiber" title=" optical fiber"> optical fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soliton" title=" soliton"> soliton</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80812/analysis-of-evolution-of-higher-order-solitons-by-numerical-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Geoclimatic Influences on the Constituents and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from the Fruit of Arbutus unedo L.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Bouzid">Khadidja Bouzid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouzia%20Benali%20Toumi"> Fouzia Benali Toumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Bouzouina"> Mohamed Bouzouina </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We made a comparison between the total phenolic content, concentrations of flavonoids and antioxidant activity of four different extracts (butanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform, water) of Arbutus unedo L. fruit (Ericacea) of El Marsa and Terni area. The total phenolic content in the extracts was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and it ranged between 26.57 and 48.23 gallic acid equivalents mg/g of dry weight of extract. The concentrations of flavonoids in plant extracts varied from 17.98 to 56.84 catechin equivalents mg/g. The antioxidant activity was analyzed in vitro using the DPPH reagent; among all extracts, ethyl acetate fraction from El Marsa area showed the highest antioxidant activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant%20activity" title="antioxidant activity">antioxidant activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arbutus%20unedo%20L." title=" Arbutus unedo L."> Arbutus unedo L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fruit%20flavonoids" title=" fruit flavonoids"> fruit flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenols" title=" phenols"> phenols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Western%20Algeria" title=" Western Algeria "> Western Algeria </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16009/geoclimatic-influences-on-the-constituents-and-antioxidant-activity-of-extracts-from-the-fruit-of-arbutus-unedo-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Biosorption of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solutions by Plant Biomass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yamina%20Zouambia">Yamina Zouambia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Youcef%20Ettoumi"> Khadidja Youcef Ettoumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Krea"> Mohamed Krea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadji%20Moulai%20Mostefa"> Nadji Moulai Mostefa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environment pollution through various wastes (particularly by heavy metals) is a major environmental problem due to industrialization and the development of various human activities. Considerable attention has been focused, in recent years, upon the field of biosorption which represents a biotechnological innovation as well as an excellent tool for removal of metal ions from aqueous effluents. So the purpose of this study is to valorize by-product which are orange peels and an extract of these peels (pectin; a heteropolysaccharide) in treatment of water containing heavy metals. All biosorption experiments were carried out at room temperature, an indicated pH, a precise amount of biosorbent and under continuous stirring. Biosorption kinetic was determined by evaluating the residual concentration of the metal ion at different time intervals using UV spectroscopy. The results obtained show that the orange peels and pectin are interesting biosorbents with maximum biosorption capacity of up to 140 mg/g. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orange%20peels" title="orange peels">orange peels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pectin" title=" pectin"> pectin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosorption" title=" biosorption"> biosorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12733/biosorption-of-heavy-metals-from-aqueous-solutions-by-plant-biomass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12733.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">332</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Inventory Larval Ectoparasites of Tomato Leafminer in National High School of Agriculture, Algeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Mahdi">Khadidja Mahdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salaheddine%20Doumandji"> Salaheddine Doumandji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Among the natural enemies that reduce populations of the tomato leaf miner studied in experimental plots of National High school of agriculture (ENSA, Algeria, 36° 40’ à 36° 43’ N.; 3° 08’ à 3° 12’ E.), larval ectoparasites. Three larval ectoparasites are reported in this study namely Necrinmus Sp. and two species of indeterminate Chalcidae (Chalcidae Sp. 1 and 2). These species have significantly reduced the effectives of Tuta absoluta. The results for the parasitism of eggs, larval instars and pupae of Tuta absoluta on the open field tomato in the experimental plots of ENSA show high levels of parasite eggs with 25%. With 94.7%, the first larval instar (L1) is the most parasites. The second instar (L2) undergoes the action of parasitoids least 60%. Instars L3 and L4 and pupae remain unharmed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuta%20absoluta" title="tuta absoluta">tuta absoluta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=larval%20ectoparasites" title=" larval ectoparasites"> larval ectoparasites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tomato" title=" tomato"> tomato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ensa" title=" ensa"> ensa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30850/inventory-larval-ectoparasites-of-tomato-leafminer-in-national-high-school-of-agriculture-algeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30850.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Estimation of the Acute Toxicity of Halogenated Phenols Using Quantum Chemistry Descriptors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Bellifa">Khadidja Bellifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sidi%20Mohamed%20Mekelleche"> Sidi Mohamed Mekelleche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phenols and especially halogenated phenols represent a substantial part of the chemicals produced worldwide and are known as aquatic pollutants. Quantitative structure–toxicity relationship (QSTR) models are useful for understanding how chemical structure relates to the toxicity of chemicals. In the present study, the acute toxicities of 45 halogenated phenols to Tetrahymena Pyriformis are estimated using no cost semi-empirical quantum chemistry methods. QSTR models were established using the multiple linear regression technique and the predictive ability of the models was evaluated by the internal cross-validation, the Y-randomization and the external validation. Their structural chemical domain has been defined by the leverage approach. The results show that the best model is obtained with the AM1 method (R²= 0.91, R²CV= 0.90, SD= 0.20 for the training set and R²= 0.96, SD= 0.11 for the test set). Moreover, all the Tropsha’ criteria for a predictive QSTR model are verified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=halogenated%20phenols" title="halogenated phenols">halogenated phenols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity%20mechanism" title=" toxicity mechanism"> toxicity mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophobicity" title=" hydrophobicity"> hydrophobicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrophilicity%20index" title=" electrophilicity index"> electrophilicity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20stucture-toxicity%20relationships" title=" quantitative stucture-toxicity relationships"> quantitative stucture-toxicity relationships</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45757/estimation-of-the-acute-toxicity-of-halogenated-phenols-using-quantum-chemistry-descriptors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45757.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Analysis of Natural Convection within a Hexagonal Enclosure Full with Nanofluid (Water-Cu) Under Effect of the Position of the Inner Obstacle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhdar%20Rahmani">Lakhdar Rahmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benhanifia%20Kada"> Benhanifia Kada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Mebarki"> Brahim Mebarki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper aims to investigate the natural convection of nanofluid (water-cu) inside a hexagonal enclosure shape embedded with a square obstacle in the presence of hot and cold side walls. The governing equations were solved in a non-uniform unstructured grid by employing the Galerkin finite element method using the software COMSOL Multiphysics. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of Rayleigh number (103 < Ra < 105), the position of the obstacle, which is located in three different positions (center, bottom, and top side ), and the effect of Nanoparticles volume concentration (0 < Ø < 0.2) on the thermal behavior inside the enclosure, The results are reported as contours of isotherms, streamlines, and average Nusselt numbers. The obtained results illustrate that the increase in the Rayleigh number (Ra) and the Nanoparticles concentration ( Ø ) leads to an increase in the Nusselt number (Nu average ) that signifies the rate of heat transfer in the studied enclosure, in addition to the best performance observed with the position of obstacle that is located at the middle of the enclosure, where has a high effect in improving the heat transfer along the enclosure comparatively with the rest different positions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20convection" title="natural convection">natural convection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofluid%20%28water-Cu%29" title=" nanofluid (water-Cu)"> nanofluid (water-Cu)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hexagonal%20enclosure" title=" hexagonal enclosure"> hexagonal enclosure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nusselt%20numbers" title=" Nusselt numbers"> Nusselt numbers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayleigh%20number" title=" Rayleigh number"> Rayleigh number</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161401/analysis-of-natural-convection-within-a-hexagonal-enclosure-full-with-nanofluid-water-cu-under-effect-of-the-position-of-the-inner-obstacle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Effect of Hybridization of Composite Material on Buckling Analysis with Elastic Foundation Using the High Order Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benselama%20Khadidja">Benselama Khadidja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=El%20Meiche%20Noureddine"> El Meiche Noureddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the effect of hybridization material on the variation of non-dimensional critical buckling load with different cross-ply laminates plate resting on elastic foundations of Winkler and Pasternak types subjected to combine uniaxial and biaxial loading by using two variable refined plate theories. Governing equations are derived from the Principle of Virtual Displacement; the formulation is based on a new function of shear deformation theory taking into account transverse shear deformation effects vary parabolically across the thickness satisfying shear stress-free surface conditions. These equations are solved analytically using the Navier solution of a simply supported. The influence of the various parameters geometric and material, the thickness ratio, and the number of layers symmetric and antisymmetric hybrid laminates material has been investigated to find the critical buckling loads. The numerical results obtained through the present study with several examples are presented to verify and compared with other models with the ones available in the literature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling" title="buckling">buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20cross-ply%20laminates" title=" hybrid cross-ply laminates"> hybrid cross-ply laminates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Winkler%20and%20Pasternak" title=" Winkler and Pasternak"> Winkler and Pasternak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20foundation" title=" elastic foundation"> elastic foundation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two%20variables%20plate%20theory" title=" two variables plate theory"> two variables plate theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20046/effect-of-hybridization-of-composite-material-on-buckling-analysis-with-elastic-foundation-using-the-high-order-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20046.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">483</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Epidemiological Profile of Healthcare Associated Infections in Intensive Care Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdessamad%20Dali-Ali">Abdessamad Dali-Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Houaria%20Beldjillali"> Houaria Beldjillali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fouzia%20Agag"> Fouzia Agag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20Oukebdane"> Asmaa Oukebdane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramzi%20Tidjani"> Ramzi Tidjani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arslane%20Bettayeb"> Arslane Bettayeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Meddeber"> Khadidja Meddeber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radia%20Dali-Yahia"> Radia Dali-Yahia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nori%20Midoun"> Nori Midoun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Healthcare-associated infections are a real public health problem, especially in intensive care units. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological profile and to estimate the incidence of these infections at the intensive care unit of our teaching hospital. A prospective study was conducted, from June 2012 to December 2013. During this period, 305 patients having a duration of hospitalization equal or more than 48 hours were included in the study. In terms of the incidence of healthcare associated infections, nosocomial pneumonia occupied the first position with a cumulative incidence rate of 20.0%, followed by bacteremia (5.6%), central venous catheter infections (4%), and urinary tract infections (3%). In the case of isolated microorganisms, Gram-negative bacilli not enterobacteriaceae occupied the first place with 48.5%, followed by enterobacteria (32.1%). Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common germ (27.6%). Our study showed that the rate of health-care-associated infections was relatively high in the intensive care unit. A control program to reduce all infections is a priority for the Infection Control Associated Committee. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiological%20profile" title="epidemiological profile">epidemiological profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20associated%20infections" title=" healthcare associated infections"> healthcare associated infections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensive%20care%20units" title=" intensive care units"> intensive care units</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20hospital%20of%20Oran" title=" teaching hospital of Oran"> teaching hospital of Oran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72027/epidemiological-profile-of-healthcare-associated-infections-in-intensive-care-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Checking Energy Efficiency by Simulation Tools: The Case of Algerian Ksourian Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Rahmani">Khadidja Rahmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahla%20Bouaziz"> Nahla Bouaziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Algeria is known for its rich heritage. It owns an immense historical heritage with a universal reputation. Unfortunately, this wealth is withered because of abundance. This research focuses on the Ksourian model, which constitutes a large portion of this wealth. In fact, the Ksourian model is not just a witness to a great part of history or a vernacular culture, but also it includes a panoply of assets in terms of energetic efficiency. In this context, the purpose of our work is to evaluate the performance of the old techniques which are derived from the Ksourian model , and that using the simulation tools. The proposed method is decomposed in two steps; the first consists of isolate and reintroduce each device into a basic model, then run a simulation series on acquired models. And this in order to test the contribution of each of these dialectal processes. In another scale of development, the second step consists of aggregating all these processes in an aboriginal model, then we restart the simulation, to see what it will give this mosaic on the environmental and energetic plan .The model chosen for this study is one of the ksar units of Knadsa city of Bechar (Algeria). This study does not only show the ingenuity of our ancestors in their know-how, and their adapting power to the aridity of the climate, but also proves that their conceptions subscribe in the current concerns of energy efficiency, and respond to the requirements of sustainable development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dialectal%20processes" title="dialectal processes">dialectal processes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ksourian%20model" title=" Ksourian model"> Ksourian model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation%20tools" title=" simulation tools"> simulation tools</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88364/checking-energy-efficiency-by-simulation-tools-the-case-of-algerian-ksourian-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Improving Comfort and Energy Mastery: Application of a Method Based on Indicators Morpho-Energetic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadidja%20Rahmani">Khadidja Rahmani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahla%20Bouaziz"> Nahla Bouaziz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The climate change and the economic crisis, which are currently running, are the origin of the emergence of many issues and problems, which are related to the domain of energy and environment in à direct or indirect manner. Since the urban space is the core element and the key to solve the current problem, particular attention is given to it in this study. For this reason, we rented to the later a very particular attention; this is for the opportunities that it provides and that can be invested to attenuate a little this situation, which is disastrous and worried, especially in the face of the requirements of sustainable development. Indeed, the purpose of this work is to develop a method, which will allow us to guide designers towards projects with a certain degree of thermo-aeraulic comfort while requiring a minimum energy consumption. In this context, the architects, the urban planners and the engineers (energeticians) have to collaborate jointly to establish a method based on indicators for the improvement of the urban environmental quality (aeraulic-thermo comfort), correlated with a reduction in the energy demand of the entities that make up this environment, in areas with a sub-humid climate. In order to test the feasibility and to validate the method developed in this work, we carried out a series of simulations using computer-based simulation. This research allows us to evaluate the impact of the use of the indicators in the design of the urban sets, on the economic and ecological plan. Using this method, we prove that an urban design, which carefully considered energetically, can contribute significantly to the preservation of the environment and the reduction of the consumption of energy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comfort" title="comfort">comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20consumption" title=" energy consumption"> energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20mastery" title=" energy mastery"> energy mastery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morpho-energetic%20indicators" title=" morpho-energetic indicators"> morpho-energetic indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-humid%20climate" title=" sub-humid climate"> sub-humid climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20sets" title=" urban sets"> urban sets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88143/improving-comfort-and-energy-mastery-application-of-a-method-based-on-indicators-morpho-energetic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88143.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Towards Intercultural Competence in EFL Textbook: the Case of ‘New Prospects’</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamilia%20Mebarki">Kamilia Mebarki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The promotion of intercultural competence plays an important role in foreign language education. The outcome of intercultural educationalists‟ studies was the adoption of intercultural language learning and a modified version of the Communicative Competence that encompasses an intercultural component enabling language learners to communicate successfully interculturally. Intercultural Competencehas an even more central role in teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) since efforts are critical to preparing learners for intercultural communisation in our global world. In these efforts, EFL learning materials are a crucial stimulus for developing learners’ intercultural competence. There has been a continuous interest in the analysis of EFL textbooks by researcher all over the world. One specific area that has received prominent attention in recent years is a focus on how the cultural content of EFL materials promote intercultural competence. In the Algerian context, research on the locally produced EFL textbooks tend to focus on investigating the linguistic and communicative competence. The cultural content of the materials has not yet been systematically researched. Therefore, this study contributes to filling this gap by evaluating the locally published EFL textbook ‘New Prospects’ used at the high school level as well as investigating teachers’ views and attitudes on the cultural content of ‘New Prospects’ alongside two others locally produced EFL textbooks ‘Getting Through’ and ‘At the Crossroad’ used at high school level. To estimate the textbook’s potential of developing intercultural competence, mixed methods, a combination of quantitative and qualitative data collection, was used in the material evaluation analysed via content analysis and in the survey questionnaire and interview with teachers.Data collection and analysis were supported by the frameworks developed by the researcher for analysing the textbook, questionnaire, and interview. Indeed, based on the literature, three frameworks/ models are developed in this study to analyse, on one hand, the cultural contexts and themes discussed in the material that play an important role in fostering learners’ intercultural awareness. On the other hand, to evaluate the promotion of developing intercultural competence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercultural%20communication" title="intercultural communication">intercultural communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercultural%20communicative%20competence" title=" intercultural communicative competence"> intercultural communicative competence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercultural%20competence" title=" intercultural competence"> intercultural competence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFL%20materials" title=" EFL materials"> EFL materials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157824/towards-intercultural-competence-in-efl-textbook-the-case-of-new-prospects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157824.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> E-Learning Recommender System Based on Collaborative Filtering and Ontology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Tarus">John Tarus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhendong%20Niu"> Zhendong Niu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bakhti%20Khadidja"> Bakhti Khadidja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, e-learning recommender systems has attracted great attention as a solution towards addressing the problem of information overload in e-learning environments and providing relevant recommendations to online learners. E-learning recommenders continue to play an increasing educational role in aiding learners to find appropriate learning materials to support the achievement of their learning goals. Although general recommender systems have recorded significant success in solving the problem of information overload in e-commerce domains and providing accurate recommendations, e-learning recommender systems on the other hand still face some issues arising from differences in learner characteristics such as learning style, skill level and study level. Conventional recommendation techniques such as collaborative filtering and content-based deal with only two types of entities namely users and items with their ratings. These conventional recommender systems do not take into account the learner characteristics in their recommendation process. Therefore, conventional recommendation techniques cannot make accurate and personalized recommendations in e-learning environment. In this paper, we propose a recommendation technique combining collaborative filtering and ontology to recommend personalized learning materials to online learners. Ontology is used to incorporate the learner characteristics into the recommendation process alongside the ratings while collaborate filtering predicts ratings and generate recommendations. Furthermore, ontological knowledge is used by the recommender system at the initial stages in the absence of ratings to alleviate the cold-start problem. Evaluation results show that our proposed recommendation technique outperforms collaborative filtering on its own in terms of personalization and recommendation accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20filtering" title="collaborative filtering">collaborative filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title=" e-learning"> e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ontology" title=" ontology"> ontology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recommender%20system" title=" recommender system"> recommender system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64364/e-learning-recommender-system-based-on-collaborative-filtering-and-ontology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64364.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> The Optimal Irrigation in the Mitidja Plain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gherbi%20Khadidja">Gherbi Khadidja</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the Mediterranean region, water resources are limited and very unevenly distributed in space and time. The main objective of this project is the development of a wireless network for the management of water resources in northern Algeria, the Mitidja plain, which helps farmers to irrigate in the most optimized way and solve the problem of water shortage in the region. Therefore, we will develop an aid tool that can modernize and replace some traditional techniques, according to the real needs of the crops and according to the soil conditions as well as the climatic conditions (soil moisture, precipitation, characteristics of the unsaturated zone), These data are collected in real-time by sensors and analyzed by an algorithm and displayed on a mobile application and the website. The results are essential information and alerts with recommendations for action to farmers to ensure the sustainability of the agricultural sector under water shortage conditions. In the first part: We want to set up a wireless sensor network, for precise management of water resources, by presenting another type of equipment that allows us to measure the water content of the soil, such as the Watermark probe connected to the sensor via the acquisition card and an Arduino Uno, which allows collecting the captured data and then program them transmitted via a GSM module that will send these data to a web site and store them in a database for a later study. In a second part: We want to display the results on a website or a mobile application using the database to remotely manage our smart irrigation system, which allows the farmer to use this technology and offers the possibility to the growers to access remotely via wireless communication to see the field conditions and the irrigation operation, at home or at the office. The tool to be developed will be based on satellite imagery as regards land use and soil moisture. These tools will make it possible to follow the evolution of the needs of the cultures in time, but also to time, and also to predict the impact on water resources. According to the references consulted, if such a tool is used, it can reduce irrigation volumes by up to up to 40%, which represents more than 100 million m3 of savings per year for the Mitidja. This volume is equivalent to a medium-size dam. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20irrigation" title="optimal irrigation">optimal irrigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20moisture" title=" soil moisture"> soil moisture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20irrigation" title=" smart irrigation"> smart irrigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management" title=" water management"> water management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145526/the-optimal-irrigation-in-the-mitidja-plain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Urban Seismic Risk Reduction in Algeria: Adaptation and Application of the RADIUS Methodology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Boukri">Mehdi Boukri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Naboussi%20Farsi"> Mohammed Naboussi Farsi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Naili"> Mounir Naili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Amellal"> Omar Amellal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Belazougui"> Mohamed Belazougui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Mebarki"> Ahmed Mebarki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabila%20Guessoum"> Nabila Guessoum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brahim%20Mezazigh"> Brahim Mezazigh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mounir%20Ait-Belkacem"> Mounir Ait-Belkacem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nacim%20Yousfi"> Nacim Yousfi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Bouaoud"> Mohamed Bouaoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ikram%20Boukal"> Ikram Boukal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aboubakr%20Fettar"> Aboubakr Fettar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20Souki"> Asma Souki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The seismic risk to which the urban centres are more and more exposed became a world concern. A co-operation on an international scale is necessary for an exchange of information and experiments for the prevention and the installation of action plans in the countries prone to this phenomenon. For that, the 1990s was designated as 'International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR)' by the United Nations, whose interest was to promote the capacity to resist the various natural, industrial and environmental disasters. Within this framework, it was launched in 1996, the RADIUS project (Risk Assessment Tools for Diagnosis of Urban Areas Against Seismic Disaster), whose the main objective is to mitigate seismic risk in developing countries, through the development of a simple and fast methodological and operational approach, allowing to evaluate the vulnerability as well as the socio-economic losses, by probable earthquake scenarios in the exposed urban areas. In this paper, we will present the adaptation and application of this methodology to the Algerian context for the seismic risk evaluation in urban areas potentially exposed to earthquakes. This application consists to perform an earthquake scenario in the urban centre of Constantine city, located at the North-East of Algeria, which will allow the building seismic damage estimation of this city. For that, an inventory of 30706 building units was carried out by the National Earthquake Engineering Research Centre (CGS). These buildings were digitized in a data base which comprises their technical information by using a Geographical Information system (GIS), and then they were classified according to the RADIUS methodology. The study area was subdivided into 228 meshes of 500m on side and Ten (10) sectors of which each one contains a group of meshes. The results of this earthquake scenario highlights that the ratio of likely damage is about 23%. This severe damage results from the high concentration of old buildings and unfavourable soil conditions. This simulation of the probable seismic damage of the building and the GIS damage maps generated provide a predictive evaluation of the damage which can occur by a potential earthquake near to Constantine city. These theoretical forecasts are important for decision makers in order to take the adequate preventive measures and to develop suitable strategies, prevention and emergency management plans to reduce these losses. They can also help to take the adequate emergency measures in the most impacted areas in the early hours and days after an earthquake occurrence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20risk" title="seismic risk">seismic risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation" title=" mitigation"> mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RADIUS" title=" RADIUS"> RADIUS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20areas" title=" urban areas"> urban areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Algeria" title=" Algeria"> Algeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake%20scenario" title=" earthquake scenario"> earthquake scenario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constantine" title=" Constantine"> Constantine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41307/urban-seismic-risk-reduction-in-algeria-adaptation-and-application-of-the-radius-methodology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> 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