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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kontenut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Bidu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Toponimu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toponimu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Toponimu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toponimu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pożizzjoni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pożizzjoni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pożizzjoni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pożizzjoni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Storja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Storja</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Storja-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uri jew aħbi s-sottosezzjoni Storja</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Storja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Storja_bikrija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storja_bikrija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Storja bikrija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storja_bikrija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belt_kapitali_tal-Bagratuni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belt_kapitali_tal-Bagratuni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Belt kapitali tal-Bagratuni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belt_kapitali_tal-Bagratuni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ċentru_kulturali_u_ekonomiku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ċentru_kulturali_u_ekonomiku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Ċentru kulturali u ekonomiku</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ċentru_kulturali_u_ekonomiku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deklin_u_abbandun_gradwali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deklin_u_abbandun_gradwali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Deklin u abbandun gradwali</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deklin_u_abbandun_gradwali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Żminijiet_moderni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Żminijiet_moderni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Żminijiet moderni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Żminijiet_moderni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Qagħda_attwali" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Qagħda_attwali"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Qagħda attwali</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Qagħda_attwali-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sit_ta'_Wirt_Dinji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sit_ta'_Wirt_Dinji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sit ta' Wirt Dinji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sit_ta'_Wirt_Dinji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monumenti_ta'_Ani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monumenti_ta'_Ani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Monumenti ta' Ani</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Monumenti_ta'_Ani-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uri jew aħbi s-sottosezzjoni Monumenti ta' Ani</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Monumenti_ta'_Ani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Il-Katidral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il-Katidral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Il-Katidral</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il-Katidral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il-Knisja_ta'_Surp_Stephanos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il-Knisja_ta'_Surp_Stephanos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Il-Knisja ta' Surp Stephanos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il-Knisja_ta'_Surp_Stephanos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_ta'_Tigran_Honents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_ta'_Tigran_Honents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor ta' Tigran Honents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_ta'_Tigran_Honents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il-Knisja_tar-Redentur_Imqaddes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il-Knisja_tar-Redentur_Imqaddes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Il-Knisja tar-Redentur Imqaddes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il-Knisja_tar-Redentur_Imqaddes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_tal-Abughamrents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_tal-Abughamrents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor tal-Abughamrents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_tal-Abughamrents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_tar-Re_Gagik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_tar-Re_Gagik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor tar-Re Gagik</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_tar-Re_Gagik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il-Knisja_tal-Appostli_Mqaddsa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il-Knisja_tal-Appostli_Mqaddsa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Il-Knisja tal-Appostli Mqaddsa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il-Knisja_tal-Appostli_Mqaddsa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Il-moskea_ta'_Manuchihr" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Il-moskea_ta'_Manuchihr"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.8</span> <span>Il-moskea ta' Manuchihr</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Il-moskea_ta'_Manuchihr-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iċ-ċittadella" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iċ-ċittadella"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.9</span> <span>Iċ-ċittadella</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iċ-ċittadella-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Is-swar_tal-belt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Is-swar_tal-belt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.10</span> <span>Is-swar tal-belt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Is-swar_tal-belt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monumenti_oħra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monumenti_oħra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.11</span> <span>Monumenti oħra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monumenti_oħra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Villaġġ_bl-Għerien" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Villaġġ_bl-Għerien"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.12</span> <span>Villaġġ bl-Għerien</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Villaġġ_bl-Għerien-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Kultura</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenzi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenzi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Referenzi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenzi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kontenut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Werrej" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aħbi jew uri l-werrej" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aħbi jew uri l-werrej</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ani</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Żur artiklu f'lingwa differenti. Disponibbli fi 53 lingwi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 lingwi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%8A_(%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9)" title="آني (مدينة) – Għarbi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آني (مدينة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Għarbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%89_(%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%89_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%87_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B5)" title="آنى (تجمع سكان فى محافظه قارص) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="آنى (تجمع سكان فى محافظه قارص)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Ażerbajġani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Ażerbajġani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Ані – Belarussu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ані" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Ани (град) – Bulgaru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ани (град)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%AD_(antiga_ciutat_arm%C3%A8nia)" title="Aní (antiga ciutat armènia) – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aní (antiga ciutat armènia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Ċek" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ċek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani_(historische_Stadt)" title="Ani (historische Stadt) – Ġermaniż" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ani (historische Stadt)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%AF" title="Ανί – Grieg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Ingliż" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anio_(urbo)" title="Anio (urbo) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Anio (urbo)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Spanjol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanjol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%DB%8C_(%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C)" title="آنی (شهر باستانی) – Persjan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنی (شهر باستانی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani_(Turkki)" title="Ani (Turkki) – Finlandiż" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ani (Turkki)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Franċiż" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Franċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Frisian tal-Punent" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian tal-Punent" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99_(%D7%90%D7%AA%D7%A8_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99)" title="אני (אתר ארכאולוגי) – Ebrajk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אני (אתר ארכאולוגי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrajk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Kroat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Ungeriż" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungeriż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%AB" title="Անի – Armen" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%AB" title="Անի – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Անի" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani,_Turki" title="Ani, Turki – Indoneżjan" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ani, Turki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneżjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani_(citt%C3%A0)" title="Ani (città) – Taljan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ani (città)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Taljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8B_(%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B3)" title="アニ (トルコ) – Ġappuniż" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アニ (トルコ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Ġappuniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ანისი – Ġorġjan" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანისი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Ġorġjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8_(%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0)" title="Ани (қала) – Każak" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ани (қала)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Każak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%8B%88" title="아니 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아니" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%AE" title="Anî – Kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Anî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Litwan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Latvjan" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani_(stad)" title="Ani (stad) – Olandiż" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ani (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Olandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani_(historisk_by)" title="Ani (historisk by) – Bokmal Norveġiż" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ani (historisk by)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani_(miasto)" title="Ani (miasto) – Pollakk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ani (miasto)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pollakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Portugiż" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Ани (город) – Russu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ани (город)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani_(grad)" title="Ani (grad) – Serbo-Kroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ani (grad)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Slovakk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani,_Tur%C4%8Dija" title="Ani, Turčija – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ani, Turčija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Ани – Serb" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ани" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Żvediż" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Żvediż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Ани – Taġik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ани" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Taġik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="อานี – Tajlandiż" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อานี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Tork" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tork" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8_(%D1%88%D3%99%D2%BB%D3%99%D1%80)" title="Ани (шәһәр) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Ани (шәһәр)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Ані – Ukren" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ані" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukren" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%DB%8C" title="آنی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آنی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ani" title="Ani – Vjetnamiż" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ani" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vjetnamiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%BC_(%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6)" title="阿尼 (土耳其) – Ċiniż" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿尼 (土耳其)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Ċiniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q546010#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Immodifika l-ħoloq interlingwi" class="wbc-editpage">Immodifika l-ħoloq</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spazji tal-isem"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ani" title="Uri l-paġna ta' kontenut [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Paġna</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussjoni:Ani" rel="discussion" title="Diskussjoni dwar il-paġna ta' kontenut [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussjoni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Biddel il-varjant tal-lingwa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Malti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visti"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ani"><span>Aqra</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit" title="Immodifika din il-paġna [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editja</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Immodifika s-sors</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=history" title="Verżjonijiet preċedenti ta' din il-paġna [h]" 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Għodda</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azzjonijiet </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ani"><span>Aqra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit" title="Immodifika din il-paġna [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editja</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Immodifika s-sors</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=history"><span>Ara l-kronoloġija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ġenerali </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:XiJwassalHawn/Ani" title="Lista tal-paġni tal-wiki kollha li jwasslu hawn [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Li jwasslu 'l hawn</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:TibdilRelatat/Ani" rel="nofollow" title="Modifiki riċenti f'paġni b'ħolqa minn din il-paġna [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Tibdil relatat</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=mt" title="Tella' fajls [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Tella' fajl</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&oldid=319486" title="Ħolqa permanenti għal din il-verżjoni tal-paġna"><span>Ħolqa permanenti</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=info" title="Aktar informazzjoni fuq din il-paġna"><span>Informazzjoni fuq il-paġna</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:I%C4%8B%C4%8Bita&page=Ani&id=319486&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazzjoni fuq 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/20110419_Monastery_of_Hripsimian_Virgins_Ani_Turkey.jpg/232px-20110419_Monastery_of_Hripsimian_Virgins_Ani_Turkey.jpg" decoding="async" width="232" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/20110419_Monastery_of_Hripsimian_Virgins_Ani_Turkey.jpg/348px-20110419_Monastery_of_Hripsimian_Virgins_Ani_Turkey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/20110419_Monastery_of_Hripsimian_Virgins_Ani_Turkey.jpg/464px-20110419_Monastery_of_Hripsimian_Virgins_Ani_Turkey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4226" data-file-height="2792" /></a><figcaption>Il-Monasteru tal-Verġni Hripsimjani</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Ani</b> (bl-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingwa_Armena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingwa Armena (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Armen</a>: Անի; bil-<a href="/wiki/Lingwa_Griega" title="Lingwa Griega">Grieg</a>: Ἄνιον, <i>Ánion</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bil-Latin: <i>Abnicum</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bit-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lingwa_Torka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lingwa Torka (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Tork</a>: <i>Ani</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> hija belt <a href="/wiki/Medjuevu" title="Medjuevu">Medjevali</a> Armena<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> li issa tinsab f'qagħda ta' fdalijiet fil-provinċja ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kars (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Kars</a>, it-<a href="/wiki/Turkija" title="Turkija">Turkija</a>, qrib il-fruntiera magħluqa mal-<a href="/wiki/Armenja" title="Armenja">Armenja</a>. </p><p>Bejn id-961 u l-1045, Ani kienet il-<a href="/wiki/Belt_kapitali" title="Belt kapitali">belt kapitali</a> tar-renju Armen Bagratid li kien ikopri l-biċċa l-kbira tal-Armenja u tal-Lvant tat-Turkija kif nafuhom illum il-ġurnata. Il-belt ikonika spiss kienet imlaqqma bħala l-"Belt tal-1,001 Knisja", għalkemm l-għadd ta' knejjes kien ferm inqas. Sa llum il-ġurnata, ġew skavi 50 knisja, 33 knisja ġol-għerien u 20 <a href="/wiki/Kappella" title="Kappella">kappella</a> mill-arkeologi u mill-istoriċi.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ani kienet tinsab fuq diversi rotot kummerċjali u permezz tal-bosta binjiet <a href="/wiki/Reli%C4%A1jon" title="Reliġjon">reliġjużi</a>, palazzi, u fortifikazzjonijiet sofistikati kienet tispikka fost iċ-ċentri urbani kontemporanji l-oħra fir-renju Armen. Fost l-iżjed binjiet notevoli tagħha kien hemm il-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Katidral_ta%27_Ani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katidral ta' Ani (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Katidral ta' Ani</a>, li huwa assoċjat mal-eżempji bikrin tal-arkitettura <a href="/wiki/Gotiku" title="Gotiku">Gotika</a>, u l-istudjużi jargumentaw li influwenza l-<a href="/wiki/Katidral" title="Katidral">katidrali</a> l-kbar tal-<a href="/wiki/Ewropa" title="Ewropa">Ewropa</a> fl-istili Gotiċi u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rumanesk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rumanesk (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Rumaneski</a> bikrin; il-volti mrikkbin tiegħu ma dehrux fil-katidrali Ewropej qabel żewġ sekli wara.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fl-eqqel tagħha, Ani kienet waħda mill-ikbar bliet fid-<a href="/wiki/Id-Dinja" title="Id-Dinja">dinja</a><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, b'popolazzjoni ta' ferm iktar minn 100,000 ruħ.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rinomata għall-ġmiel tagħha, Ani nsterqet mill-<a href="/wiki/Mongolja" title="Mongolja">Mongoli</a> fl-1236. Ani qatt ma rkuprat minn terremot devastanti tal-1319, u wisq iktar, wara li nbidlu r-rotot kummerċjali reġjonali, u ġiet abbandunata sas-<a href="/wiki/Seklu_XVII" class="mw-redirect" title="Seklu XVII">seklu 17</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ani hija simbolu rikonoxxut b'mod wiesa' tal-wirt <a href="/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura">kulturali</a>, reliġjuż, u nazzjonali għall-Armeni. Skont <a href="/w/index.php?title=Razmik_Panossian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razmik Panossian (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Razmik Panossian</a>, Ani hija waħda mill-iżjed simboli viżibbli u "tanġibbli" tal-kobor Armen fl-imgħoddi u b'hekk hija sors ta' kburija. Fl-2016 Ani żdiedet fil-lista tas-<a href="/wiki/Sit_ta%27_Wirt_Dinji" title="Sit ta' Wirt Dinji">Siti ta' Wirt Dinji</a> tal-<a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toponimu">Toponimu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Toponimu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Toponimu"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Ani_seen_from_Armenia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ani_seen_from_Armenia.jpg/268px-Ani_seen_from_Armenia.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ani_seen_from_Armenia.jpg/402px-Ani_seen_from_Armenia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ani_seen_from_Armenia.jpg/536px-Ani_seen_from_Armenia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1181" /></a><figcaption>Veduta ta' Ani mill-Armenja</figcaption></figure> <p>Il-belt ħadet isimha mill-belt-fortizza Armena u ċentru pagan ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani-Kamakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ani-Kamakh (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ani-Kamakh</a> li tinsab fir-reġjun ta' Daranaghi fit-Tramuntana tal-Armenja. Ani preċedentement kienet magħrufa wkoll bħala <i>khnamk</i> (Խնամք), għalkemm l-istoriċi mhumiex ċerti għaliex kienet tissejjaħ hekk. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_H%C3%BCbschmann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heinrich Hübschmann (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Heinrich Hübschmann</a>, filologu u lingwist <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0ermanja" title="Ġermanja">Ġermaniż</a> li studja l-lingwa Armena, issuġġerixxa li l-kelma jaf ġiet mill-kelma Armena <i>khnamel</i> (խնամել), infinittiv li jfisser "tieħu ħsieb" jew "tindokra". Ani kienet ukoll id-diminuttiv tal-alla femminili antika Anahit, li titqies bħala l-protettriċi tal-Armenja. Skont leġġenda, bint Aramazd, l-alla suprem tal-mitoloġija Armena, kienet tissejjaħ Anahit, u isimha jfisser "ta' xagħrha dehbi" jew "ta' idejha tad-deheb". Iżda għal xi raġuni, kull persuna li kienet tħares lejha kienet tgħid: "Ani!", li bl-Armen tfisser "dik" jew "l-isbaħ waħda", għaldaqstant sar l-iżjed isem komuni għaliha.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Skont it-tieni edizzjoni tal-<i><a href="/wiki/En%C4%8Biklopedija" title="Enċiklopedija">Enċiklopedija</a> tal-<a href="/wiki/I%C5%BClam" title="Iżlam">Iżlam</a></i>: "Sar suġġeriment li l-belt jaf ġabet isimha minn tempju tal-alla femminili <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iranjana</a> Anāhita (bil-Grieg: Anaďtis)".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pożizzjoni"><span id="Po.C5.BCizzjoni"></span>Pożizzjoni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Pożizzjoni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Pożizzjoni"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Bagratuni_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Bagratuni_flag.svg/220px-Bagratuni_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Bagratuni_flag.svg/330px-Bagratuni_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Bagratuni_flag.svg/440px-Bagratuni_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="412" /></a><figcaption>Bandiera tal-Bagratuni ta' Ani<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Il-belt tinsab ġo sit triangolari, viżivament drammatiku u difensiv naturalment, imħarsa fuq in-naħa tal-Lvant mill-irdum tax-xmara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akhurian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akhurian (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Akhurian</a> u fuq in-naħa tal-Punent mill-wied ta' Bostanlar jew Tzaghkotzadzor. Ix-xmara Akhurian hija fergħa tax-xmara <a href="/w/index.php?title=Araks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Araks (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Araks</a> u tifforma parti mill-fruntiera attwalment magħluqa bejn it-Turkija u l-Armenja. Is-sit jinsab f'elevazzjoni ta' madwar 1,340 metru.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Is-sit jinsab madwar 400 metru mill-fruntiera bejn it-Turkija u l-Armenja. Fuq in-naħa l-oħra tal-fruntiera hemm il-villaġġ Armen ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kharkov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kharkov (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Kharkov</a> li jagħmel parti mill-Provinċja ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shirak (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Shirak</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storja">Storja</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Storja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Storja"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Affiljazzjonijiet storiċi:</p><blockquote><p>Id-dinastija <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamsarakan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kamsarakan (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Kamsarakan</a>, is-seklu 5 W.K. </p><p>L-Armenja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagratuni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagratuni (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Bagratida</a>, 961-1045. </p><p>L-Imperu <a href="/wiki/Bi%C5%BCantini" title="Biżantini">Biżantin</a>, 1045-1064. </p><p>L-Imperu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seljuk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seljuk (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Seljuk</a>, 1064-1072. </p><p>Ix-Xaddadidi, 1072-1199. </p><p>Ir-Renju ta' <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0eor%C4%A1ja" title="Ġeorġja">Georgia</a>, 1124-1236. </p><p>L-Armenja Zakarida, 1201-1360. </p><p>Kara Koyunlu, 1360-għall-ħabta tal-1380. </p><p>L-Imperu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timur (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Timurid</a>, għall-ħabta tal-1380-1430. </p><p>Aq Qoyunlu, għall-ħabta tal-1430-1500. </p><p>L-Iran Safavid, għall-ħabta tal-1500-1579. </p><p>L-<a href="/wiki/Imperu_Ottoman" title="Imperu Ottoman">Imperu Ottoman</a>, 1579-1878. </p><p>L-Imperu <a href="/wiki/Russja" title="Russja">Russu</a>, 1878-1918. </p><p>Id-DFR Transkawkażika, 1918. </p><p>Ir-Repubblika tal-Armenja, 1918-1920. </p><p>Il-Gvern ta' <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>, 1920-1923. </p><p> Ir-Repubblika tat-Turkija, 1923-preżent.</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Storja_bikrija">Storja bikrija</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Storja bikrija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Storja bikrija"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Bagratuni_Armenia_1000-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Bagratuni_Armenia_1000-en.svg/250px-Bagratuni_Armenia_1000-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Bagratuni_Armenia_1000-en.svg/330px-Bagratuni_Armenia_1000-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Bagratuni_Armenia_1000-en.svg/500px-Bagratuni_Armenia_1000-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2717" data-file-height="1595" /></a><figcaption>Mappa tal-Armenja Bagratida</figcaption></figure> <p>Il-kronisti Armeni bħal <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yeghishe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yeghishe (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Yeghishe</a> u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghazar_Parpetsi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghazar Parpetsi (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ghazar Parpetsi</a> semmew lil Ani għall-ewwel darba fis-seklu 5. Huma ddeskrivewha bħala fortizza qawwija mibnija fuq il-quċċata ta' għolja u b'sjieda tad-dinastija Kamsarakan Armena. Ġiet skoperta fis-17 ta' Settembru 1955 mill-arkeologu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mark_Gioloany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mark Gioloany (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Mark Gioloany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belt_kapitali_tal-Bagratuni">Belt kapitali tal-Bagratuni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Belt kapitali tal-Bagratuni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Belt kapitali tal-Bagratuni"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:AniMap.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/AniMap.gif/230px-AniMap.gif" decoding="async" width="230" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/AniMap.gif/345px-AniMap.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/AniMap.gif/460px-AniMap.gif 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="693" /></a><figcaption>Mappa tas-sit arkeoloġiku ta' Ani</figcaption></figure> <p>Sal-bidu tas-seklu 9, l-eks territorji tal-Kamsarakan f'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Arsharunik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arsharunik (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Arsharunik</a> u f'Shirak (inkluż Ani) kienu ġew inkorporati fit-territorji tad-dinastija Armena tal-Bagratuni.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il-mexxej tagħhom, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashot_Msaker&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashot Msaker (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ashot <i>Msaker</i></a> (Ashot li jiekol il-laħam; 806-827) ingħata t-titlu ta' <i>ishkhan</i> (prinċep) tal-Armenja mill-Kaliffat fit-804.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il-Bagratuni kellhom l-ewwel belt kapitali tagħhom f'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bagaran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bagaran (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Bagaran</a>, xi 40 kilometru fin-Nofsinhar ta' Ani, qabel ma ttrasferewha lejn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shirakavan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shirakavan (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Shirakavan</a>, xi 25 kilometru fil-Grigal ta' Ani, u mbagħad ittrasferewha lejn Kars fid-929. Fid-961, ir-Re <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashot_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashot III (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ashot III</a> (953-977) ittrasferixxa il-belt kapitali minn Kars għal Ani. Ani kibret malajr matul ir-renju tar-Re <a href="/w/index.php?title=Smbat_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smbat II (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Smbat II</a> (977-989). Fid-992, il-<a href="/wiki/Knisja_Kattolika" title="Knisja Kattolika">Kattolikosat</a> Armen ċaqlaq is-sede tiegħu lejn Ani. Fis-seklu 10, il-popolazzjoni tal-belt kienet tlaħħaq madwar 50,000-100,000 ruħ.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sal-bidu tas-seklu 11, il-popolazzjoni ta' Ani kienet ferm iktar minn 100,000 ruħ, u tant kienet rinomata li saret magħrufa bħala l-"belt tal-erbgħin daħla" u l-"belt tal-elf knisja u waħda". Ani saret ukoll is-sit tal-mawżolew irjali tar-rejiet Bagratuni.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ani laħqet il-qofol tal-poter tagħha matul ir-renju twil tar-Re <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gagik_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gagik I (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Gagik I</a> (989-1020). Wara <a href="/wiki/Mewt" title="Mewt">mewtu</a>, iż-żewġt itfal subien tiegħu ġġieldu minħabba s-suċċessjoni. L-iben il-kbir, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovhannes-Smbat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hovhannes-Smbat (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Hovhannes-Smbat</a> (1020-1041), kiseb il-kontroll ta' Ani filwaqt li ħuh iż-żgħir, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashot_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashot IV (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ashot IV</a> (1020-1040), ikkontrolla partijiet oħra tar-renju tal-Bagratuni. Hovhannes-Smbat, minħabba biża' li l-Imperu Biżantin seta' jattakka r-renju mdgħajjef tiegħu, għamel lill-Imperatur Biżantin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Basil_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basil II (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Basil II</a> l-werriet tiegħu.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meta Hovhannes-Smbat miet fl-1041, l-Imperatur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikiel_IV_il-Paflagonjan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikiel IV il-Paflagonjan (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Mikiel IV il-Paflagonjan</a>, iddikjara s-sovranità fuq Ani. Ir-re l-ġdid ta' Ani, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gagik_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gagik II (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Gagik II</a> (1042-1045), oppona din is-sovranità u diversi armati Biżantini li ntbagħtu biex jaħkmu lil Ani ġew irreżistiti. Madankollu, fl-1046 Ani arrendiet kontra l-Biżantini, wara li Gagik ġie mistieden f'<a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Kostantinopli</a> u ġie detenut hemmhekk, u b'istigazzjoni tal-elementi pro-Biżantini fost il-popolazzjoni. Gvernatur Biżantin tqiegħed fil-belt.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ċentru_kulturali_u_ekonomiku"><span id=".C4.8Aentru_kulturali_u_ekonomiku"></span>Ċentru kulturali u ekonomiku</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Ċentru kulturali u ekonomiku" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Ċentru kulturali u ekonomiku"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ani ma kinitx tinsab tul xi rotta kummerċjali importanti qabel inbniet, iżda minħabba d-daqs, il-qawwa, u l-ġid tagħha, saret ċentru kummerċjali importanti. Is-sħab kummerċjali primarja tagħha kienu l-Imperu Biżantin, l-Imperu Persjan, l-<a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7arab" title="Għarab">Għarab</a>, kif ukoll nazzjonijiet iżgħar fin-Nofsinhar tar-Russja u fl-<a href="/wiki/Asja" title="Asja">Asja</a> Ċentrali.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deklin_u_abbandun_gradwali">Deklin u abbandun gradwali</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Deklin u abbandun gradwali" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Deklin u abbandun gradwali"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Fl-1064, armata Seljuk kbira taħt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alp_Arslan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alp Arslan (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Alp Arslan</a> attakkat lil Ani; wara assedju ta' 25 jum, l-armata ħakmet il-belt u qatlet il-popolazzjoni tagħha. Rendikont tal-ħakma, tas-serq u tal-massakri li saru f'Ani ngħata mill-istoriku Tork <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibt_ibn_al-Jawzi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sibt ibn al-Jawzi (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Sibt ibn al-Jawzi</a>, li kkwota xhud li stqarr:</p><blockquote><p>Xejru x-xwabel Persjani, mingħajr ma ffrankaw il-mewt lil ħadd... Hemmhekk wieħed seta' jara b'għajnejh l-ikbar niket u diżastru ta' kull żmien tal-<a href="/wiki/Bniedem" title="Bniedem">umanità</a>. L-ulied insterqu minn ħoġor ommhom u bla ħniena ta' xejn issabbtu mal-blat, filwaqt li ommijiethom imbagħad għannquhom imbikkmin u mdemmija... Il-belt imtliet minn naħa għall-oħra bl-iġsma tal-maqtula u [l-iġsma tal-maqtula] saru qishom triq. [...] L-armata daħlet fil-belt, immassakrat l-abitanti tagħha, serqet il-ir-rikkezzi tal-belt u tatha n-nar, u ħalliet warajha fdalijiet filwaqt li ħadet lil dawk kollha li baqgħu ħajjin bħala ħabsin... Tant kien hemm iġsma tal-mejtin li mblukkaw it-toroq; wieħed ma seta' jmur imkien mingħajr ma jirfes fuqhom. U l-għadd ta' ħabsin ma kienx inqas minn 50,000 ruħ. Jien kont iddeterminat biex nidħol fil-belt u nara l-qerda b'għajnejja stess. Ippruvajt insib triq fejn ma kelliex għalfejn ngħaddi minn fuq il-katavri; iżda dan kien impossibbli. (traduzzjoni mhux uffiċjali)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>Fl-1072, is-Seljuk bigħu lil Ani lix-Xaddadidi, dinastija <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kurdi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kurdi (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Kurda</a> Musulmana. Ix-Xaddadidi ġeneralment kienu favur politika ta' konċiljazzjoni fir-rigward tal-popolazzjoni tal-belt b'maġġoranza kbira ta' Armeni u <a href="/wiki/Kristjane%C5%BCmu" title="Kristjaneżmu">Kristjani</a> u fil-fatt iżżewġu diversi membri tan-nobbiltà Bagratida. Madankollu, kull meta l-governanza tax-Xaddadidi saret wisq intolleranti, il-popolazzjoni kienet tappella lir-Renju Kristjan ta' Georgia għall-għajnuna. Ir-Renju ta' Georgia ħakem lil Ani ħames darbiet bejn l-1124 u l-1209: fl-1124, fl-1161, fl-1174, fl-1199, u fl-1209.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fl-ewwel tliet darbiet, reġgħet inħakmet mix-Xaddadidi. Fl-1199, ir-Reġina Tamar ta' Georgia ħakmet lil Ani u fl-1201 tat il-governorat tal-belt lill-ġenerali Zakare u Ivane.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Is-suċċessur ta' Zakare kien ibnu Shanshe (Shahnshah). id-dinastija l-ġdida ta' Zakare — iz-Zakaridi — ikkunsidraw lilhom infushom bħala s-suċċessuri tal-Bagratidi. F'qasir żmien il-prosperità reġgħet tkattret f'Ani; id-difiżi tal-belt issaħħew u nbnew bosta knejjes. Il-Mongoli ppruvaw jassedjaw lil Ani fl-1226 u ma rnexxielhomx, iżda fl-1236 ħakmuha u serquha, u mmassakraw għadd kbir tal-popolazzjoni tagħha. Taħt il-Mongoli, iz-Zakaridi komplew imexxu lil Ani, bħala l-vassalli tal-monarka ta' Georgia.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sas-seklu 14, il-belt tmexxiet minn suċċessjoni ta' dinastiji Torok lokali, inkluż il-Jalayridi u l-Kara Koyunlu (il-klan tan-<a href="/wiki/Nag%C4%A7%C4%A1a" title="Nagħġa">Nagħaġ</a> Suwed) li għamlu lil Ani l-belt kapitali tagħhom. Il-belt inqerdet b'terremot fl-1319. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamerlane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamerlane (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Tamerlane</a> ħakem lil Ani fis-snin 80 tas-seklu 14. Wara mewtu l-Kara Koyunlu reġgħu kisbu l-kontroll iżda ttrasferew il-belt kapitali tagħhom lejn <a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a>. Fl-1441, il-Kattolikat Armen għamel l-istess ħaġa. Is-Safavidi Persjani mbagħad mexxew lil Ani sa ma saret parti mill-Imperu Ottoman fl-1579. Raħal żgħir baqa' jeżisti fi ħdan is-swar ta' Ani mill-inqas sa nofs is-seklu 17, iżda s-sit ġie abbandunat għalkollox sal-1735 meta l-aħħar patrijiet telqu mill-monasteru ta' Kizkale jew mill-Fortizza tal-Verġni. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Żminijiet_moderni"><span id=".C5.BBminijiet_moderni"></span>Żminijiet moderni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Żminijiet moderni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Żminijiet moderni"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <blockquote><p>"Mill-arkitettura Armena kollha, l-ifjen u l-iżjed eżemplari karatteristiċi jinsabu fil-fdalijiet tal-belt ta' Ani...", <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Bryce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Bryce (il-paġna ma teżistix)">James Bryce</a>, 1876.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>Fl-1905-1906, twettqu skavi arkeoloġiċi fejn il-Knisja ta' San Girgor tar-Re Gagik, immexxija minn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nikolai_Marr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nikolai Marr (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Nikolai Marr</a>. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Marr_archeological_dig_of_Ani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Marr_archeological_dig_of_Ani.jpg/220px-Marr_archeological_dig_of_Ani.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Marr_archeological_dig_of_Ani.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="275" data-file-height="295" /></a><figcaption>Skavi arkeoloġiċi ta' Marr f'Ani</figcaption></figure> <p>Fl-ewwel nofs tas-seklu 19, il-vjaġġaturi Ewropej skoprew lil Ani u żvelawha lill-bqija tad-dinja, billi ppubblikaw id-deskrizzjonijiet tagħhom f'ġurnali akkademiċi u f'rakkonti tal-ivvjaġġar. Kulma kien fadal mill-binjiet privati kien borġ ġebel iżda l-binji pubbliċi grandjużi u s-swar doppji tal-belt ġew ippreservati u tqiesu li jirrappreżentaw "bosta punti ta' sbuħija arkitettonika kbira". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ohannes_Kurkdjian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ohannes Kurkdjian (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ohannes Kurkdjian</a> ipproduċa immaġni sterjoskopika ta' Ani fit-tieni nofs tas-seklu 19. </p><p>Fl-1878, ir-reġjun ta' Kars tal-Imperu Ottoman — inkluż Ani — ġie inkorporat fir-reġjun Transkawkażiku tal-Imperu Russu. Fl-1892 twettqu f'Ani l-ewwel skavi arkeoloġiċi, sponsorjati mill-Akkademja tax-<a href="/wiki/Xjenza" title="Xjenza">Xjenzi</a> ta' <a href="/wiki/San_Pietruburgu" title="San Pietruburgu">San Pietruburgu</a> u taħt is-superviżjoni tal-arkeologu u l-Orjentalist mill-Georgia, Nicholas Marr (1864-1934). L-iskavi ta' Marr f'Ani tkomplew fl-1904 u baqgħu sejrin sena wara l-oħra sal-1917. Setturi kbar tal-belt ġew skavati b'mod professjonali, u bosta binjiet ġew żvelati u mkejla. Is-sejbiet ġew studjati u ppubblikati f'ġurnali akkademiċi, inkitbu gwidi tal-<a href="/wiki/Monument" title="Monument">monumenti</a> u għall-<a href="/wiki/Mu%C5%BCew" title="Mużew">mużew</a>, u s-sit kollu ġie mistħarreġ għall-ewwel darba.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twettqu wkoll tiswijiet ta' emerġenza fuq il-binjiet li kienu l-iktar f'sogru li jċedu u jiġġarrfu. Ġie stabbilit mużew biex jospita l-għexieren ta' eluf ta' oġġetti li nstabu waqt l-iskavi. Dan il-mużew kien jinsab f'żewġ binjiet: il-moskea ta' Minuchihr, u binja tal-ġebel li nbniet apposta.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> L-Armeni mill-villaġġi u mill-irħula ġirien bdew iżuru wkoll il-belt fuq bażi regolari<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, u kien saħansitra ntqal mit-tim ta' Marr li kienet se jinbnew skola biex teduka t-tfal Armeni lokali, u parks, kif ukoll kienu se jitħawwlu siġar biex is-sit jissebbaħ.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fl-1918, matul l-aħħar stadji ta<a href="/wiki/L-Ewwel_Gwerra_Dinjija" title="L-Ewwel Gwerra Dinjija">l-Ewwel Gwerra Dinjija</a>, l-armati tal-Imperu Ottoman bdew jiġġieldu sabiex jidħlu fit-territorju tar-Repubblika tal-Armenja li kienet għadha kemm ġiet iddikjarata, u ħakmu lil Kars f'April 1918. F'Ani, saru tentattivi biex l-artefatti fi ħdan il-mużew jiġu evakwati malli s-suldati Torok qorbu lejn is-sit. Madwar 6,000 oġġett li kienu l-iktar portabbli tneħħew mill-arkeologu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashkharbek_Kalantar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashkharbek Kalantar (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ashkharbek Kalantar</a>, li kien parteċipant tal-kampanji ta' skavi ta' Marr. Taħt it-tmexxija ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Orbeli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Orbeli (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Joseph Orbeli</a>, l-oġġetti evakwati ġew ikkonsolidati f'kollezzjoni fi ħdan mużew; attwalment jagħmlu parti minn kollezzjoni tal-Mużew Statali tal-<a href="/wiki/Storja" title="Storja">Istorja</a> Armena f'Yerevan.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kulma tħalla fis-sit, iktar 'il quddiem insteraq jew inqered.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It-Turkija arrendiet fl-aħħar tal-Ewwel Gwerra Dinjija u dan wassal għar-restawr ta' Ani li reġgħet taħt il-kontroll tal-Armeni, iżda reġa' kien hemm offensiva kontra r-Repubblika tal-Armenja fl-1920 u t-Turkija reġgħet ħakmet lil Ani. Fl-1921, l-iffirmar tat-Trattat ta' Kars ifformalizza l-inkorporazzjoni tat-territorju ta' Kars, inkluż Ani, fir-Repubblika tat-Turkija.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>F'Mejju 1921, il-ministru tal-gvern <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C4%B1za_Nur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rıza Nur (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Rıza Nur</a> ordna lill-kmandant tal-Front tal-Lvant, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaz%C4%B1m_Karabekir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazım Karabekir (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Kazım Karabekir</a>, biex il-monumenti ta' Ani "jinqerdu minn wiċċ id-dinja".<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karabekir jirrakkonta fil-memorji tiegħu li huwa rrifjuta dan il-kmand kategorikament u qatt ma wettaq il-kmand.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Xi ftit qerda seħħet, inkluż il-biċċa l-kbira tal-iskavi u tat-tiswijiet fil-binjiet li kien wettaq Marr.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F'Ottubru tal-istess sena, ġie ffirmat trattat separat bejn it-Turkija u l-RSFSR, fejn ġiet ikkonfermata l-fruntiera bejn it-Turkija u r-Repubblika <a href="/wiki/Unjoni_Sovjetika" title="Unjoni Sovjetika">Sovjetika</a> tal-Armenja kif inhi sa llum il-ġurnata. In-negozjatur Russu Ganeckij ta' dan it-trattat ipprova jinkludi lil Ani fir-Repubblika Sovjetika tal-Armenja, iżda Karabekir ma qabilx.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Matul il-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Gwerra_Bierda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gwerra Bierda (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Gwerra Bierda</a>, Ani kienet tinsab tul il-fruntiera Torka-Sovjetika, li kienet segment tal-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Purtiera_tal-%C4%A6adid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Purtiera tal-Ħadid (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Purtiera tal-Ħadid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fis-snin 50 tas-seklu 20, Ani kienet parti mit-talbiet territorjali tal-Unjoni Sovjetika fir-rigward tat-Turkija. Fl-1968 saru negozjati bejn l-Unjoni Sovjetika u t-Turkija, fejn Ani kellha tiġi ttrasferita lill-Armenja Sovjetika bi tpartit ma' żewġ villaġġi Kurdi lit-Turkija, madankollu xejn ma twettaq wara t-taħditiet.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Qagħda_attwali"><span id="Qag.C4.A7da_attwali"></span>Qagħda attwali</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Qagħda attwali" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Qagħda attwali"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Illum il-ġurnata, skont il-gwidi tal-ivvjaġġar ewlenin bħal <i>Lonely Planet</i> u <i>Frommer dwar</i> it-Turkija:</p><blockquote><p>Ma hemmx bżonn permess uffiċjali iktar biex iżżur is-sit ta' Ani. Kemm tmur fil-post u tixtri biljett. Jekk ma jkollokx il-karozza tiegħek, tista' tiġġebbed ma' sewwieq tat-taksi jew ta' xi vann f'Kars biex jieħdok lejn Ani u jġibek lura, u forsi tista' taqsam l-ispejjeż ma' xi vjaġġaturi oħra interessati. Jekk ikollok xi diffikultà, l-Uffiċċju għat-Turisti jista' jkun ta' għajnuna. Wieħed għandu jippjana li jqatta' mill-inqas nofs jum f'Ani. Mhix idea ħażina li wieħed iġib miegħu x'jiekol u flixkun ilma x'jixrob.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>Matul il-Gwerra Bierda, u sal-2004, permezz mill-Ministeru Tork għall-Kultura kien meħtieġ biex iżżur is-sit. F'ċertu punt fis-snin 90 tas-seklu 20, il-fotografija ġiet ipprojbita, peress li s-sit kien jinsab tul il-fruntiera Torka-Sovjetika dak iż-żmien.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Ani_Tigran_Honents_church_01_Interior_Northeast_side_5628.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ani_Tigran_Honents_church_01_Interior_Northeast_side_5628.jpg/250px-Ani_Tigran_Honents_church_01_Interior_Northeast_side_5628.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ani_Tigran_Honents_church_01_Interior_Northeast_side_5628.jpg/330px-Ani_Tigran_Honents_church_01_Interior_Northeast_side_5628.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Ani_Tigran_Honents_church_01_Interior_Northeast_side_5628.jpg/500px-Ani_Tigran_Honents_church_01_Interior_Northeast_side_5628.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1065" /></a><figcaption>L-affreski fuq ġewwa tal-Knisja ta' San Girgor ta' Tigran Honents</figcaption></figure> <p>Min-naħa Armena tal-Fruntiera, fil-Provinċja ta' Shirak, ġie stabbilit torri ta' osservazzjoni ħdejn il-villaġġ ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haykadzor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haykadzor (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Haykadzor</a>, flimkien ma' tabella bl-informazzjoni, iżda l-veduta hija pjuttost mill-bogħod. Il-veduta mit-torri ta' sorveljanza ta' Kharkov hija eċċellenti, iżda l-aċċess huwa ristrett mit-truppi tal-fruntiera u minn persunal militari Russu. Il-permess biex wieħed iżur dan it-torri jingħata b'xejn mill-Ministeru għall-Affarijiet Barranin f'Yerevan u jirrikjedi ġimgħa biex jinħareġ.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Skont ir-rivista <i>The Economist</i>, l-Armeni "akkużaw lit-Torok li ttraskuraw is-sit bi spirtu ta' xoviniżmu. It-Torok min-naħa tagħhom isostnu li l-fdalijiet ta' Ani ġew mheżża mill-isplużjonijiet f'barriera fuq in-naħa Armena tal-fruntiera".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kummentatur ieħor isostni: Ani issa hija belt fantażma, li ilha mhux abitata għal iktar minn tliet sekli u tinsab fi ħdan żona militari Torka mal-fruntiera magħluqa bejn it-Turkija u r-Repubblika moderna tal-Armenja. L-istorja reċenti ta' Ani kienet waħda ta' qerda kontinwa u dejjem tiżdied. It-telqa, it-terremoti, it-"tindif" kulturali, il-vandaliżmu, it-tħaffir fil-barrieri, ir-restawr u l-iskavi dilettanteski – dawn kollha u iktar kellhom impatt kbir fuq il-monumenti ta' Ani. </p><p>Skont l-istimi tal-Fondazzjoni tal-Postijiet Ikoniċi (bl-<a href="/wiki/Lingwa_Ingli%C5%BCa" title="Lingwa Ingliża">Ingliż</a>: <i>Landmarks Foundation</i>), organizzazzjoni mingħajr skop ta' profitt stabbilita għall-protezzjoni tas-siti sagri, din il-belt antika "jeħtieġ li tiġi protetta tkun xi tkun il-ġurisdizzjoni tagħha. It-terremoti fl-1319, fl-1832, u fl-1988, il-prattika tal-armata bl-isparar lejn bersall u t-telqa ġenerali kollha kemm huma kellhom effetti devastanti fuq l-arkitettura tal-belt. Il-belt ta' Ani huwa post sagru li jeħtieġ protezzjoni kontinwa".<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dan l-aħħar l-awtoritajiet tat-Turkija qed jgħidu li se jagħmlu l-almu tagħhom biex jikkonservaw u jiżviluppaw is-sit u l-Ministeru għall-Kultura elenka s-sit ta' Ani fost is-siti li l-iktar jisħoqqilhom konservazzjoni. Fi kliem <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehmet_Ufuk_Erden&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mehmet Ufuk Erden (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Mehmet Ufuk Erden</a>, il-gvernatur lokali: "Permezz tar-restawr ta' Ani, se nagħtu kontribut lill-umanità... Se nibdew bi knisja waħda u moskea waħda, u maż-żmien se ninkludu kull monument".<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>F'rapport ta' Ottubru 2010 bit-titlu <i>Saving Our Vanishing Heritage</i> (Insalvaw il-Wirt li qed Jisparixxi Tagħna), il-Fond għall-Wirt Globali identifika lil Ani bħala wieħed minn 12-il sit madwar id-dinja li qiegħed l-iktar "f'xifer l-irdum" li ssirlu ħsara irreparabbli jew jinqered għalkollox, u kkwota n-nuqqas ta' biżżejjed ġestjoni u s-serq bħala l-kawżi primarji.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il-Fond Dinji għall-Monumenti qiegħed lil Ani fil-listi tiegħu tal-1996, tal-1998, u tas-sena 2000 tal-Iktar 100 Sit fil-Periklu. F'Mejju 2011, il-Fond Dinji għall-Monumenti ħabbar li kienet qed tibda xi xogħol ta' konservazzjoni fuq il-katidral u l-Knisja tar-Redentur Imqaddes bi sħubija mal-Ministeru Tork għall-Kultura.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sit_ta'_Wirt_Dinji"><span id="Sit_ta.27_Wirt_Dinji"></span>Sit ta' Wirt Dinji</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Sit ta' Wirt Dinji" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Sit ta' Wirt Dinji"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:20110419_Ani_North_Walls_Turkey_Panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/20110419_Ani_North_Walls_Turkey_Panorama.jpg/960px-20110419_Ani_North_Walls_Turkey_Panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="570" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/20110419_Ani_North_Walls_Turkey_Panorama.jpg/1140px-20110419_Ani_North_Walls_Turkey_Panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="13000" data-file-height="1486" /></a><figcaption>Veduta panoramika tas-swar ta' Ani</figcaption></figure> <p>F'Marzu 2015, ġie rrapportat li t-Turkija kienet se tinnomina lil Ani bħala sit indikattiv biex is-sena ta' wara jitqies biex jiżdied fil-lista tas-Siti ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Is-Sit Arkeoloġiku ta' Ani ġie ddeżinjat bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fil-15 ta' Lulju 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Skont l-istoriku ta<a href="/wiki/L-Arti" title="L-Arti">l-arti</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Heghnar_Zeitlian_Watenpaugh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heghnar Zeitlian Watenpaugh (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Heghnar Zeitlian Watenpaugh</a>, din id-deżinjazzjoni "kienet se tiżgura benefiċċji sinifikanti għall-protezzjoni, għall-għarfien espert tar-riċerka, u għall-fondi".<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' tliet kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-<b>kriterju (ii)</b> twettqu f'Ani; il-<b>kriterju (iii)</b> "Xhieda unika jew minn tal-inqas eċċezzjonali ta' tradizzjoni kulturali jew ta' ċivilizzazzjoni li għadha ħajja jew li għebet"; u l-<b>kriterju (iv)</b> "Eżempju straordinarju ta' tip ta' bini, ta' grupp ta' siti jew ta' pajsaġġ arkitettoniku jew teknoloġiku li joħroġ fid-dieher stadju/i sinifikanti fl-istorja tal-bniedem".<sup id="cite_ref-:3_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monumenti_ta'_Ani"><span id="Monumenti_ta.27_Ani"></span>Monumenti ta' Ani</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Monumenti ta' Ani" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Monumenti ta' Ani"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>L-istrutturi kollha ta' Ani nbnew bil-bażalt vulkaniku lokali, tip ta' ġebla qisha t-tufu. Din il-ġebla faċilment tinqata' u titnaqqax u għandha varjetà ta' kuluri vibranti, mill-isfar imċajpar, għar-roża fl-aħmar, għall-iswed <a href="/wiki/Tuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuta">tuta</a>. L-iżjed monumenti importanti li għadhom eżistenti huma dawn li ġejjin hawn taħt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il-Katidral">Il-Katidral</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Il-Katidral" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Il-Katidral"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Ani-Cathedral,_Ruine.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ani-Cathedral%2C_Ruine.jpeg/220px-Ani-Cathedral%2C_Ruine.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ani-Cathedral%2C_Ruine.jpeg/330px-Ani-Cathedral%2C_Ruine.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Ani-Cathedral%2C_Ruine.jpeg/440px-Ani-Cathedral%2C_Ruine.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Il-Katidral ta' Ani</figcaption></figure> <p>Magħruf ukoll bħala <i>Surp Asdvadzadzin</i> (il-Knisja ta' Omm Alla l-Imqaddsa), il-kostruzzjoni tiegħu nbdiet fid-989, taħt ir-Re Smbat II. Ix-xogħol waqaf wara mewtu, u tlesta biss fl-1001 (jew fl-1010 skont interpretazzjoni oħra tal-kitba mnaqqxa fuq il-binja). Id-disinn tal-katidral kien xogħol <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trdat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trdat (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Trdat</a>, l-iżjed arkitett rinomat tal-Armenja Medjevali. Il-katidral huwa bażilika b'koppla (il-koppla ċediet fl-1319). Fuq ġewwa hemm diversi karatteristiċi progressivi (bħall-użu tal-ħnejjiet ippuntati u pjattaformi raggruppati fuq pilastri) li jagħtuha d-dehra tal-arkitettura Gotika (stil li l-katidral ta' Ani wasal qablu b'diversi sekli).<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il-Knisja_ta'_Surp_Stephanos"><span id="Il-Knisja_ta.27_Surp_Stephanos"></span>Il-Knisja ta' Surp Stephanos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Il-Knisja ta' Surp Stephanos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Il-Knisja ta' Surp Stephanos"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ma hemm l-ebda kitba mnaqqxa li tindika d-data tal-kostruzzjoni, iżda editt bil-lingwa ta' Georgia huwa datat fl-1218. Il-knisja ssir referenza għaliha bħala "tal-Georgia". Dak iż-żmien, "tal-Georgia" ma kinitx sempliċement tfisser etnikament minn dak il-pajjiż, iżda kienet tfisser ukoll ta' fidi Kalċedonjana, jiġifieri denominazzjoni mogħtija lill-prattikanti ta' dik il-fidi, l-iktar Armeni. Għalkemm il-Knisja ta' Georgia kkontrollat din il-knisja, il-kongregazzjoni tagħha x'aktarx li kienu l-iktar Armeni.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_ta'_Tigran_Honents"><span id="Il-Knisja_ta.27_San_Girgor_ta.27_Tigran_Honents"></span>Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor ta' Tigran Honents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor ta' Tigran Honents" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor ta' Tigran Honents"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Din il-knisja, li tlestiet fl-1215, hija l-iżjed monument ippreservat tajjeb f'Ani. Inbniet matul it-tmexxija taz-Zakaridi u kienet ikkummissjonata mill-merkant għani Armen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tigran_Honents&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tigran Honents (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Tigran Honents</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il-pjanta tagħha hija ta' tip imsejjaħ <i>sala bil-koppla</i>. Quddiem id-daħla tagħha hemm il-fdalijiet ta' <i>narthex</i> u ta' kappella żgħira li nbnew kemxejn wara. Fuq barra, il-knisja ġiet imżejna b'mod spettakolari. Tinqix mirqum fil-ġebel ta' <a href="/wiki/Annimal" title="Annimal">annimali</a> reali u immaġinarji jiksi l-pinnaklu bejn l-arkata għamja madwar l-erba' naħat tal-knisja. Fuq ġewwa, hemm serje unika u importanti ta' ċikli ta' affreski dwar żewġ temi prinċipali. Fit-terz tal-Lvant tal-knisja l-affreski juru l-Ħajja ta' San Girgor l-Illuminatur, filwaqt li fit-terz tan-nofs tal-knisja l-affreski juru l-Ħajja ta' <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0es%C3%B9" title="Ġesù">Kristu</a>. Ċikli ta' affreski estensivi bħal dawn huma karatteristiċi rari fl-arkitettura Armena – huwa maħsub li dawn iċ-ċikli ta' affreski twettqu minn artisti mill-Georgia. Iċ-ċikli jinkludu xeni mill-ħajja ta' San Nino, li kkonverta lin-nies mill-Georgia għall-Kristjaneżmu. Fin-<i>narthex</i> u fil-kappella żgħira għad hemm frammenti ta' affreski li għandhom stil iktar Biżantin.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:20110419_Church_of_Redeemer_Collage_Ani_Turkey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/20110419_Church_of_Redeemer_Collage_Ani_Turkey.jpg/220px-20110419_Church_of_Redeemer_Collage_Ani_Turkey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/20110419_Church_of_Redeemer_Collage_Ani_Turkey.jpg/330px-20110419_Church_of_Redeemer_Collage_Ani_Turkey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/20110419_Church_of_Redeemer_Collage_Ani_Turkey.jpg/440px-20110419_Church_of_Redeemer_Collage_Ani_Turkey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5639" data-file-height="4260" /></a><figcaption>Il-Knisja tar-Redentur Imqaddes</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il-Knisja_tar-Redentur_Imqaddes">Il-Knisja tar-Redentur Imqaddes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Il-Knisja tar-Redentur Imqaddes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: Il-Knisja tar-Redentur Imqaddes"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Din il-knisja tlestiet ftit wara l-1035. Kellha disinn uniku: esternament kellha 19-il naħa u internament kellha tmien apsidi, b'koppla ċentrali enormi stabbilita fuq tanbur għoli. Il-knisja nbniet mill-Prinċep <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ablgharib_Pahlavid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ablgharib Pahlavid (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ablgharib Pahlavid</a> biex tħaddan framment tas-Salib ta' Kristu. Il-knisja kienet kważi intatta sal-1955, meta n-nofs kollu tal-Lvant tagħha ċeda u ġġarraf waqt maltempata.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_tal-Abughamrents"><span id="Il-Knisja_ta.27_San_Girgor_tal-Abughamrents"></span>Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor tal-Abughamrents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor tal-Abughamrents" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor tal-Abughamrents"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Din il-binja żgħira x'aktarx li tmur lura għall-aħħar tas-seklu 10. Inbniet bħala kappella privata għall-familja Pahlavuni. Il-mawżolew tagħhom, li nbena fl-1040 u li issa fadal biss il-pedamenti tiegħu, kien inbena faċċata tan-naħa tat-Tramuntana tal-knisja. Il-knisja għandha pjanta ċentralizzata, b'koppla fuq tanbur, u fuq ġewwa fiha sitt <i>exedera</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il-Knisja_ta'_San_Girgor_tar-Re_Gagik"><span id="Il-Knisja_ta.27_San_Girgor_tar-Re_Gagik"></span>Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor tar-Re Gagik</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor tar-Re Gagik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section's source code: Il-Knisja ta' San Girgor tar-Re Gagik"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Magħrufa wkoll bħala l-<i>Gagikashen</i>, din il-knisja nbniet bejn l-1001 u l-1005 u kienet maħsuba biex tkun riproduzzjoni tal-<a href="/wiki/Katidral_ta%27_Zvartnots" title="Katidral ta' Zvartnots">Katidral famuż ta' Zvartnots</a> f'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vagharshapat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vagharshapat (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Vagharshapat</a>. Nikolai Marr żvela l-pedamenti ta' din il-binja notevoli fl-1905 u fl-1906. Qabel dak iż-żmien, l-unika ħaġa viżibbli fis-sit kienet tumbata enormi tal-ħamrija u tat-tajn. Id-disinjatur tal-knisja kien l-<a href="/wiki/Arkitett" title="Arkitett">arkitett</a> Trdat. Huwa magħruf li l-knisja ġġarrfet żmien relattivament qasir wara l-kostruzzjoni tagħha u fuq il-fdalijiet tagħha iktar 'il quddiem inbnew xi djar. Id-disinn ta' Trdat isegwi mill-qrib id-disinn tal-Katidral ta' Zvartnotz kemm bħala daqs kif ukoll bħala pjanta (qalba kwadrifolja mdawra minn ambulatorju ċirkolari).<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il-Knisja_tal-Appostli_Mqaddsa">Il-Knisja tal-Appostli Mqaddsa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Il-Knisja tal-Appostli Mqaddsa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: Il-Knisja tal-Appostli Mqaddsa"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Id-data tal-kostruzzjoni tagħha mhijiex magħrufa, iżda l-iżjed kitba mnaqqxa bikrija fuq il-ħitan tagħha hija mill-1031. Ġiet stabbilita mill-familja Pahlavuni u kienet tintuża mill-arċisqfijiet ta' Ani (bosta minnhom kienu jagħmlu parti minn dik id-dinastija). Għandha pjanta ta' tip imsejjaħ kwadrifolju mnaqqax b'erba' kompartimenti fl-irkejjen. Fadal biss xi frammenti minn din il-knisja, iżda hemm <i>narthex</i> b'lavur spettakolari fil-ġebla, man-naħa tan-Nofsinhar tal-knisja, li għadu parzjalment intatt. Dan il-lavur imur lura għall-bidu tas-seklu 13. Għadd ta' swali oħra, kappelli, u santwarji fl-imgħoddi kienu mibnija madwar din il-knisja: Nicholas Marr skava l-pedamenti tagħhom fl-1909, iżda issa l-biċċa l-kbira minnhom inqerdu.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Ani.mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Ani.mosque.jpg/220px-Ani.mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Ani.mosque.jpg/330px-Ani.mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Ani.mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="399" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption>Il-moskea u l-minaret ta' Ani</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Il-moskea_ta'_Manuchihr"><span id="Il-moskea_ta.27_Manuchihr"></span>Il-moskea ta' Manuchihr</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Il-moskea ta' Manuchihr" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: Il-moskea ta' Manuchihr"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il-moskea ngħatat isem il-fundatur preżunt tagħha, Manuchihr, l-ewwel membru tad-dinastija tax-Xaddadidi li mexxew lil Ani wara l-1072. L-eqdem parti eżistenti tal-moskea hija l-minaret tagħha li għadu intatt. Għandha l-kitba <a href="/wiki/Lingwa_G%C4%A7arbija" title="Lingwa Għarbija">Għarbija</a> <i>Bismillah</i> ("F'isem Alla") b'kalligrafija Kufi fil-għoli fuq il-faċċata tat-Tramuntana. Is-sala tat-talb, li għadha teżisti nofsha, inbniet iktar 'il quddiem (fis-seklu 12 jew 13). Fl-1906 il-moskea ġiet imsewwija parzjalment sabiex tospita mużew pubbliku ġo fiha bl-oġġetti li nstabu waqt l-iskavi ta' Nicholas Marr. F'Ġunju 2020 inbeda xi xogħol ta' restawr fuq il-moskea.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iċ-ċittadella"><span id="I.C4.8B-.C4.8Bittadella"></span>Iċ-ċittadella</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Iċ-ċittadella" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: Iċ-ċittadella"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fuq in-naħa tan-Nofsinhar ta' Ani hemm għolja b'quċċata ċatta li fl-imgħoddi kienet magħrufa bħala <i>Midjnaberd</i> (il-Fortizza ta' Ġewwa). Għandha l-ħitan difensivi tagħha li jmorru lura għall-perjodu meta d-dinastija Kamsarakan kienet tmexxi lil Ani (is-seklu 7 W.K.). Nicholas Marr skava l-għolja taċ-ċittadella fl-1908 u fl-1909. Huwa żvela l-fdalijiet estensivi tal-palazz tar-rejiet Bagratidi ta' Ani li kienu jokkupaw l-ogħla parti tal-għolja. Fi ħdan iċ-ċittadella huma viżibbli wkoll il-fdalijiet ta' tliet knejjes u diversi binjiet mhux identifikati. Waħda mill-knejjes, magħrufa bħala l-"Knisja tal-Palazz" hija l-eqdem knisja eżistenti f'Ani, u tmur lura mis-seklu 6 jew 7. Marr wettaq tiswijiet ta' emerġenza fuq din il-knisja, għalkemm issa l-biċċa l-kbira minnha ċediet u ġġarrfet – x'aktarx waqt xi terremot fl-1966.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Is-swar_tal-belt">Is-swar tal-belt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Is-swar tal-belt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: Is-swar tal-belt"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Linja ta' ħitan/swar mad-dawra tal-belt kollha ta' Ani ntużaw għad-difiża tal-belt. L-iżjed difiżi b'saħħithom kienu jinsabu tul in-naħa tat-Tramuntana tal-belt, l-unika parti tas-sit li mhix protetta mix-xmajjar jew mill-irdumijiet. Hemmhekk il-belt kienet protetta b'linja doppja ta' ħitan, il-ħajt intern ferm itwal, b'intervalli ta' diversi torrijiet semiċirkolari kbar u spazjati qrib xulxin. Kronisti kontemporanji kitbu li r-Re Smbat (977-989) bena dawn is-swar. Iktar 'il quddiem, il-mexxejja differenti saħħewhom billi ħaxxnuhom u għollewhom iktar, u billi żiedu iktar torrijiet. Kitbiet imnaqqxa bl-Armen mis-sekli 12 u 13 juru li individwi privati ħallsu għal uħud minn dawn it-torrijiet il-ġodda. Il-ħitan tat-Tramuntana kellhom tliet daħliet, magħrufa bħala d-Daħla tal-<a href="/wiki/Iljun" title="Iljun">Iljun</a>, id-Daħla ta' Kars, u d-Daħla ta' Dvin (magħrufa wkoll bħala d-Daħla tal-Kaxxi b'Żewġ Kuluri minħabba panew ta' kaxxi kwadri ħomor u suwed tal-ġebel fuq din id-daħla).<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monumenti_oħra"><span id="Monumenti_o.C4.A7ra"></span>Monumenti oħra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Monumenti oħra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section's source code: Monumenti oħra"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hemm bosta monumenti minuri oħra f'Ani. Dawn jinkludu kunvent magħruf bħala l-Kappella tal-Verġni; knisja użata mill-Armeni Kalċedonjani; il-fdalijiet ta' pont bi ħnehha waħda min-naħa għall-oħra tax-xmara Arpa; il-fdalijiet ta' bosta tagħmir tad-dris taż-żebbuġ u diversi binjiet bil-banjijiet; il-fdalijiet ta' moskea oħra b'minaret li ċeda u ġġarraf; palazz li x'aktarx imur lura għas-seklu 13; il-pedamenti ta' diversi palazzi oħra u residenzi iżgħar; il-fdalijiet skavi dan l-aħħar ta' diversi toroq b'bosta ħwienet fuq kull naħa; eċċ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Villaġġ_bl-Għerien"><span id="Villa.C4.A1.C4.A1_bl-G.C4.A7erien"></span>Villaġġ bl-Għerien</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Villaġġ bl-Għerien" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section's source code: Villaġġ bl-Għerien"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ftit 'il barra minn Ani, kien hemm żona ta' insedjament imħaffra fl-irdumijiet. Jaf intużat bħala estensjoni urbana meta Ani kibret wisq iktar mis-swar ta' madwarha. Illum il-ġurnata, il-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mog%C4%A7%C5%BCa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mogħża (il-paġna ma teżistix)">mogħoż</a> u n-nagħaġ jieħdu vantaġġ mill-ambjent frisk tal-għerien biex jistkennu mix-<a href="/wiki/Xemx" title="Xemx">xemx</a> qalila jew il-maltemp. Attrazzjoni notevoli ta' din il-parti ta' Ani hija għar bl-affreski fuq il-ħitan u s-saqaf. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultura">Kultura</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Kultura" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section's source code: Kultura"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ani huwa wieħed mill-iktar ismijiet femminili popolari li jingħataw fl-Armenja. </p><p>Inkitbu bosta kanzunetti u <a href="/wiki/Poe%C5%BCija" title="Poeżija">poeżiji</a> dwar Ani u l-glorja tal-imgħoddi tagħha. <i>Tesnem Anin u nor mernem</i> (Տեսնեմ Անին ու նոր մեռնեմ, Ħallini nara lil Ani qabel immut) hija poeżija famuża miktuba minn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovhannes_Shiraz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hovhannes Shiraz (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Hovhannes Shiraz</a>. Ġiet ikkonvertita f'kanzunetta mill-<a href="/wiki/Kompo%C5%BCitur" title="Kompożitur">kompożitur</a> Tork-Armen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cenk_Ta%C5%9Fkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cenk Taşkan (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Cenk Taşkan</a>. L-album tal-1999 ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ara_Gevorgyan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ara Gevorgyan (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ara Gevorgyan</a> b'kanzunetti folkloristiċi jissejjaħ <i>Ani</i>. </p><p>Ditta Torka partikolari tal-fwejjaħ <i>Nishane</i> u l-ħallieq tal-fwejjaħ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cecile_Zarokian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cecile Zarokian (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Cecile Zarokian</a> ħolqu estratt ta' fwieħa msemmija <i>Ani</i> ddedikata lill-belt fl-2019, li ngħatat reċensjonijiet pożittivi fil-komunità tal-utenti u l-produtturi tal-fwejjaħ. L-<a href="/wiki/Arti" title="Arti">arti</a> li takkumpanja l-fwieħa turi waħda mill-knejjes ta' Ani. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenzi">Referenzi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Referenzi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ani&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section's source code: Referenzi"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Garsoïan, Nina G.; Taylor, Alice (1991), "Ani", in Kazhdan, Alexander (ed.), <i>The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</i>, Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:SorsiKotba/9780195046526" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9780195046526</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica,_Ninth_Edition/Anni"><i>Anni</i></a>. <b>II</b><span class="reference-accessdate">. Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2022-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FEncyclop%25C3%25A6dia_Britannica%2C_Ninth_Edition%2FAnni&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AAni" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r256707">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160712164926/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/building-a-dialogue-atop-old-ruins-of-ani-11425264">"Building a dialogue atop old ruins of Ani"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2016-07-12. Arkivjat mill-oriġinal fl-2016-07-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2022-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.dark-tourism.com&rft.atitle=Ani+viewpoint+%26+Iron+Curtain%2C+Armenia+-+Dark+Tourism+-+the+guide+to+dark+travel+destinations+around+the+world&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dark-tourism.com%2Findex.php%2Farmenia%2F15-countries%2Findividual-chapters%2F269-ani-viewpoint-a-iron-curtain-armenia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AAni" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080526001133/http://www.landmarksfoundation.org/projects_ani.shtml">"Landmarks Foundation - Projects, Ani Turkey"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2008-05-26. 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Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2022-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=Global+Heritage+Fund+%7C+GHF&rft.chron=2011-04-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fglobalheritagefund.org%2Findex.php%2Fwhat_we_do%2Fsites_on_the_verge%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AAni" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111107211106/http://www.wmf.org/sites/default/files/press_releases/Ani-press-release.pdf">"Press release"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2022-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.virtualani.org&rft.atitle=Armenian+Architecture+-+VirtualANI+-+The+Georgian+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.virtualani.org%2Fgeorgianchurch%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AAni" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Coureas, Nicholas; Edbury, Peter; Walsh, Michael J.K. (2012). <i>Medieval and Renaissance Famagusta : Studies in Architecture, Art and History</i>. Farnham: Ashgate. p. 139. 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Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2022-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=VirtualANI+-+The+Church+of+Tigran+Honents&rft.chron=2007-05-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.virtualani.org%2Ftigranhonents%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AAni" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Manutenzjoni_CS1:_BOT:_url-ori%C4%A1inali_status_mhux_mag%C4%A7ruf" title="Kategorija:Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070120195202/http://www.virtualani.org/redeemer/index.htm">"VirtualANI - The Church of the Redeemer at Ani"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2007-01-20. 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Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2022-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=Armenian+Architecture+-+VirtualANI+-+Church+of+Saint+Gregory+of+the+Abughamir%27s&rft.chron=2007-05-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.virtualani.org%2Fabughamrents%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AAni" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Manutenzjoni_CS1:_BOT:_url-ori%C4%A1inali_status_mhux_mag%C4%A7ruf" title="Kategorija:Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070926213331/http://www.virtualani.org/gagikashen/index.htm">"Armenian Architecture - VirtualANI - Gagikashen Church"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2007-09-26. 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Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2022-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=Armenian+Architecture+-+VirtualANI+-+Gagikashen+Church&rft.chron=2007-09-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.virtualani.org%2Fgagikashen%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AAni" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Manutenzjoni_CS1:_BOT:_url-ori%C4%A1inali_status_mhux_mag%C4%A7ruf" title="Kategorija:Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070216195144/http://www.virtualani.org/apostleschurch/index.htm">"VirtualANI - The Church of the Holy Apostles at Ani"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2007-02-16. 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Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2022-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=VirtualANI+-+The+Church+of+the+Holy+Apostles+at+Ani&rft.chron=2007-02-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.virtualani.org%2Fapostleschurch%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AAni" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Manutenzjoni_CS1:_BOT:_url-ori%C4%A1inali_status_mhux_mag%C4%A7ruf" title="Kategorija:Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070120195237/http://www.virtualani.org/minuchihrmosque/index.htm">"VirtualANI - The Mosque of Minuchihr"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2007-01-20. 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Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2022-04-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=web.archive.org&rft.atitle=VirtualANI+-+The+Citadel+of+Ani+and+its+Churches&rft.chron=2007-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.virtualani.org%2Fcitadel%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AAni" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf (<a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Manutenzjoni_CS1:_BOT:_url-ori%C4%A1inali_status_mhux_mag%C4%A7ruf" title="Kategorija:Manutenzjoni CS1: BOT: url-oriġinali status mhux magħruf">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r256707" /></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070717150708/http://www.virtualani.org/walls/index.htm">"Armenian Architecture - VirtualANI - The Lion Gate"</a>. <i>web.archive.org</i>. 2007-07-17. Arkivjat mill-oriġinal fl-2007-07-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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