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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <head>  <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"> <meta name="description" content="Access full-text academic articles: J-STAGE is an online platform for Japanese academic journals."> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Journal of Oral Science" /> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="J Oral Sci" /> <meta name="citation_publisher" content="Nihon University School of Dentistry" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Bruno R. Chrcanovic" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Mauro H. N. G. Abreu" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Antônio L. N. Custódio" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais" /> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais" /> <meta name="citation_title" content="Prevalence of enamel pearls in teeth from a human teeth bank" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2010" /> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2010/06/25" /> <meta name="citation_volume" content="52" /> <meta name="citation_issue" content="2" /> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="257" /> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="260" /> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.2334/josnusd.52.257" /> <meta name="citation_fulltext_world_readable" content="" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/52/2/52_2_257/_pdf" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1343-4934" /> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1880-4926" /> <meta name="citation_language" content="en" /> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="dental enamel" /> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="abnormalities" /> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="ectopic mineralization" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="1. Risnes S (1974) The prevalence, location and size of enamel pearls on human molars. Scand J Dent Res 82, 403-412." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="2. Risnes S (1974) The prevalence and distribution of cervical enamel projections reaching into the bifurcation on human molars. Scand J Dent Res 82, 413-419." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="3. Risnes S (1989) Ectopic tooth enamel. An SEM study of the structure of enamel in enamel pearls. Adv Dent Res 3, 258-264." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="4. Cavanha AO (1965) Enamel pearls. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 19, 373-382." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="5. Anderson P, Elliott JC, Bose U, Jones SJ (1996) A comparison of the mineral content of enamel and dentine in human premolars and enamel pearls measured by X-ray microtomography. Arch Oral Biol 41, 281-290." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="6. Hou GL, Tsai CC (1997) Cervical enamel projection and intermediate bifurcational ridge correlated with molar furcation involvements. J Periodontol 68, 687-693." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="7. Darwazeh A, Hamasha AA (2000) Radiographic evidence of enamel pearls in Jordanian dental patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 89, 255-258." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="8. Risnes S, Segura JJ, Casado A, Jiménez-Rubio A (2000) Enamel pearls and cervical enamel projections on 2 maxillary molars with localized periodontal disease: case report and histologic study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 89, 493-497." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="9. Lima AFM, Nascimento A, Hebling E (1991) Projection of cervical enamel and its relations to bifurcations. Odonto Mod 18, 9-15. (in Portuguese)" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="10. Moskow BS, Canut PM (1990) Studies on root enamel (2). Enamel pearls. A review of their morphology, localization, nomenclature, occurrence, classification, histogenesis and incidence. J Clin Periodontol 17, 275-281." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="11. Kaugars GE (1983) Internal enamel pearls: report of case. J Am Dent Assoc 107, 941-943." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="12. Mahajan S, Charan CR (2005) An association of external and internal enamel pearls. Indian J Dent Res 16, 17-18." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="13. Arys A, Dourov N (1987) Enamel pearls in the deciduous teeth. J Biol Buccale 15, 249-255. (in French)" /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="14. Kupietzky A, Rozenfarb N (1993) Enamel pearls in the primary dentition: report of two cases. ASDC J Dent Child 60, 63-66." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="15. Pederson PO (1949) The East Greenland Eskimo dentition. Numerical variations and anatomy. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 142, 149-155." /> <meta name="citation_reference" content="16. Sutalo J, Ciglar I, Bacic M (1989) The incidence of enamel projections on the roots of the permanent teeth. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 99, 174-180. (in German)" /> <meta name="dc.identifier" content="10.2334/josnusd.52.257" /> <meta name="journal_code" content="josnusd" /> <meta name="journal_title" content="Journal of Oral Science" /> <meta name="journal_abbrev" content="J Oral Sci" /> <meta name="publisher" content="Nihon University School of Dentistry" /> <meta name="authors" content="Bruno R. Chrcanovic" /> <meta name="authors_institutions" content="Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais" /> <meta name="authors" content="Mauro H. N. G. Abreu" /> <meta name="authors_institutions" content="Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais" /> <meta name="authors" content="Antônio L. N. Custódio" /> <meta name="authors_institutions" content="Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais" /> <meta name="authors_institutions" content="Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais" /> <meta name="title" content="Prevalence of enamel pearls in teeth from a human teeth bank" /> <meta name="publication_date" content="2010" /> <meta name="online_date" content="2010/06/25" /> <meta name="volume" content="52" /> <meta name="issue" content="2" /> <meta name="firstpage" content="257" /> <meta name="lastpage" content="260" /> <meta name="doi" content="10.2334/josnusd.52.257" /> <meta name="fulltext_world_readable" content="" /> <meta name="pdf_url" content="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/52/2/52_2_257/_pdf" /> <meta name="print_issn" content="1343-4934" /> <meta name="online_issn" content="1880-4926" /> <meta name="issn_l" content="1343-4934" /> <meta name="language" content="en" /> <meta name="keywords" content="dental enamel" /> <meta name="keywords" content="abnormalities" /> <meta name="keywords" content="ectopic mineralization" /> <meta name="abstract" content="Enamel pearls are anatomical structures that can bring about clinical implications if associated with the retention of plaque, in turn resulting in periodontal disease. In an attempt to avoid periodontal disease, the removal and treatment of these enamel pearls, may be a necessity in some circumstances. A total of 45,785 extracted teeth from a human teeth bank were analyzed for the presence of enamel pearls. The most prevalent anatomical location of enamel pearls was the permanent maxillary first and second molar region. An association between the prevalence of enamel pearls and dental class (P < 0.001) was observed, most frequently in the maxillary molars. In the maxillary molars, the most prevalent anatomical location of enamel pearls in the first and second molars was the furcation between the distobuccal and palatal roots. Enamel pearls are a common observation in molars in general, but are most commonly found in maxillary molars. (J Oral Sci 52, 257-260, 2010)" /> <meta name="references" content="1. Risnes S (1974) The prevalence, location and size of enamel pearls on human molars. Scand J Dent Res 82, 403-412." /> <meta name="references" content="2. Risnes S (1974) The prevalence and distribution of cervical enamel projections reaching into the bifurcation on human molars. Scand J Dent Res 82, 413-419." /> <meta name="references" content="3. Risnes S (1989) Ectopic tooth enamel. An SEM study of the structure of enamel in enamel pearls. Adv Dent Res 3, 258-264." /> <meta name="references" content="4. Cavanha AO (1965) Enamel pearls. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 19, 373-382." /> <meta name="references" content="5. Anderson P, Elliott JC, Bose U, Jones SJ (1996) A comparison of the mineral content of enamel and dentine in human premolars and enamel pearls measured by X-ray microtomography. Arch Oral Biol 41, 281-290." /> <meta name="references" content="6. Hou GL, Tsai CC (1997) Cervical enamel projection and intermediate bifurcational ridge correlated with molar furcation involvements. J Periodontol 68, 687-693." /> <meta name="references" content="7. Darwazeh A, Hamasha AA (2000) Radiographic evidence of enamel pearls in Jordanian dental patients. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 89, 255-258." /> <meta name="references" content="8. Risnes S, Segura JJ, Casado A, Jiménez-Rubio A (2000) Enamel pearls and cervical enamel projections on 2 maxillary molars with localized periodontal disease: case report and histologic study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 89, 493-497." /> <meta name="references" content="9. Lima AFM, Nascimento A, Hebling E (1991) Projection of cervical enamel and its relations to bifurcations. Odonto Mod 18, 9-15. (in Portuguese)" /> <meta name="references" content="10. Moskow BS, Canut PM (1990) Studies on root enamel (2). Enamel pearls. A review of their morphology, localization, nomenclature, occurrence, classification, histogenesis and incidence. J Clin Periodontol 17, 275-281." /> <meta name="references" content="11. Kaugars GE (1983) Internal enamel pearls: report of case. J Am Dent Assoc 107, 941-943." /> <meta name="references" content="12. Mahajan S, Charan CR (2005) An association of external and internal enamel pearls. Indian J Dent Res 16, 17-18." /> <meta name="references" content="13. Arys A, Dourov N (1987) Enamel pearls in the deciduous teeth. J Biol Buccale 15, 249-255. (in French)" /> <meta name="references" content="14. Kupietzky A, Rozenfarb N (1993) Enamel pearls in the primary dentition: report of two cases. ASDC J Dent Child 60, 63-66." /> <meta name="references" content="15. Pederson PO (1949) The East Greenland Eskimo dentition. Numerical variations and anatomy. C. A. Reitzel, Copenhagen, 142, 149-155." /> <meta name="references" content="16. Sutalo J, Ciglar I, Bacic M (1989) The incidence of enamel projections on the roots of the permanent teeth. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed 99, 174-180. (in German)" /> <meta name="access_control" content="FREE ACCESS" /> <meta name="copyright" content="2010 by Nihon University School of Dentistry" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@jstage_ej" /> <meta name="og:url" content="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/52/2/52_2_257/_article" /> <meta name="og:title" content="Prevalence of enamel pearls in teeth from a human teeth bank" /> <meta name="og:description" content="Enamel pearls are anatomical structures that can bring about clinical implications if associated with the retention of plaque, in turn resulting in pe …" /> <meta name="og:site_name" content="J-STAGE" /> <meta name="og:image" content="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/html/images/common/SNS/J-STAGE_logo_sns.png" /> <link rel="icon" href="/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <title>Prevalence of enamel pearls in teeth from a human teeth bank</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/css/bootstrap3-wysiwyg5-color.css" /> 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href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/-char/en">J-STAGE home</a></li> <li>/</li> <li><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/josnusd/-char/en">Journal of Oral Science</a></li> <li> / </li> <li><a href='https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/josnusd/52/2/_contents/-char/en'>Volume 52 (2010) Issue 2</a></li><li> / </li><li>Article overview</li> </ul> <div class="clearfix"></div>  </div> </div> <div class="row">  <div class="col-md-18">  <div class="top-margin-2x bottom-margin-2x"></div> <div class="global-article-subtitle">Original</div> <div class="global-article-title">Prevalence of enamel pearls in teeth from a human teeth bank</div> <div class="global-article-inner-title"></div> <div class="global-authors-name-tags"> <a name = "authorNmlist" id="authorNmList"></a><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/search/global/_search/-char/en?item=8&word=Bruno+R.+Chrcanovic" class="customTooltip" title="Bruno R. Chrcanovic, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais"><span>Bruno R. Chrcanovic</span></a>, <a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/search/global/_search/-char/en?item=8&word=Mauro+H.+N.+G.+Abreu" class="customTooltip" title="Mauro H. N. G. Abreu, Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais"><span>Mauro H. N. G. Abreu</span></a>, <a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/search/global/_search/-char/en?item=8&word=Ant%26ocirc%3Bnio+L.+N.+Cust%26oacute%3Bdio" class="customTooltip" title="Antônio L. N. Custódio, Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais</br> Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais"><span>Antônio L. N. Custódio</span></a> <div class="accordion_container"> <div class="accordion_head plus-icn"name="authInfo" id="authInfo">Author information</div> <div class="accordion_body new_accordion_body_style" style="display: none;"> <ul class="accodion_body_ul"> <li> <span style="font-size:1.1em">Bruno R. Chrcanovic</span> <p class="accordion_affilinfo"> Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais </p> </li> <li> <span style="font-size:1.1em">Mauro H. N. G. Abreu</span> <p class="accordion_affilinfo"> Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais </p> </li> <li> <span style="font-size:1.1em">Antônio L. N. Custódio</span> <p class="accordion_affilinfo"> Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais</br> Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais </p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="corr-auth-sapopup-wrap" id="saPopup" style="display:none"> <div class="corr-auth-sapopup-overlay" id="saWindow"></div> <div class="corr-auth-sapopup-inner"> <div class="corr-auth-sapopup-cont"> <div class="sapopup-title"><h4>Corresponding author</h4></div> <div class="subject-list subject-sapopup-list" > <div class="corr-auth-subject-li"> <div class="corr-auth-subject-item" id="corrAuthMailContainer" style="display:none"> <span class="fa fa-envelope outlook-share-icn"></span> <a id="corrAuthMail" class="bluelink-style"></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="subject-list subject-sapopup-list" > <div class="corr-auth-subject-li"> <div class="corr-auth-subject-item" id="corrAuthOrcidContainer" style="display:none"> <img src="/web/images/id-logo.jpg" class="id-logo" alt="ORCID" /> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" id="corrAuthOrcid" class="bluelink-style"></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="global-para"> Keywords: <a href="/search/global/_search/-char/en?item=5&word=dental+enamel" class="bluelink-style">dental enamel</a>, <a href="/search/global/_search/-char/en?item=5&word=abnormalities" class="bluelink-style">abnormalities</a>, <a href="/search/global/_search/-char/en?item=5&word=ectopic+mineralization" class="bluelink-style">ectopic mineralization</a> </div> <div class="global-tags"><span class="tags-wrap original-tag-style" title="JOURNAL">JOURNAL</span> <span class="tags-wrap freeaccess-tag-style" title="FREE ACCESS">FREE ACCESS</span> <br> </div> <p class="global-para"> 2010 Volume 52 Issue 2 Pages 257-260 </p> <div class="articleoverview-doi-wrap" id="fig-doi"> <span class="doi-icn">DOI</span> <a href="https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.52.257" class="bluelink-style" style="word-break:break-all">https://doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.52.257</a> </div> <div class="articleoverview-doi-wrap"></div> <div class="top-margin-2x bottom-margin-2x"></div> <div class="accordion_container"> <div class="accordion_head plus-icn">Details</div> <div class="accordion_body new_accordion_body_style" style="display: none;"> <ul class="accodion_body_ul accodion_detail"> <li> <span class="accodion_lic">Published: 2010 </span> <span class="accodion_lic">Received: November 24, 2009</span> <span class="accodion_lic">Available on J-STAGE: June 25, 2010</span> <span class="accodion_lic">Accepted: March 04, 2010</span> <span class="accodion_lic"> Advance online publication: - </span> <span class="accodion_lic">Revised: -</span> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="col-md-6 print-non-disp"> <div id="third-level-navigation"> <a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/52/2/52_2_257/_pdf/-char/en" class="thirdlevel-pdf-btn"> Download PDF <span class="download-file-size">(61K)</span> </a> <span class="third-level-nav-divider"></span> <div class="third-level-sublinks"> <span class="heading">Download citation</span> <span class="fa fa-file-o"></span><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/AF06S010ShoshJkuDld?sryCd=josnusd&noVol=52&noIssue=2&kijiCd=52_2_257&kijiLangKrke=en&kijiToolIdHkwtsh=AT0072&request_locale=EN">RIS</a> <p class="notice_mess">(compatible with EndNote, Reference Manager, ProCite, RefWorks)</p> <div class="clearfix"> </div> <span class="fa fa-file-o"></span><a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/AF06S010ShoshJkuDld?sryCd=josnusd&noVol=52&noIssue=2&kijiCd=52_2_257&kijiLangKrke=en&kijiToolIdHkwtsh=AT0073&request_locale=EN">BIB TEX</a> <p class="notice_mess">(compatible with BibDesk, LaTeX)</p> <div class="clearfix"> </div> <span class="fa fa-file-o"></span> <a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="downloadText('https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/52/2/52_2_257/_article/-char/en'.replace('&amp;','&'))">Text</a> <div class="clearfix"> </div> <a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/static/pages/HowToDownload/-char/en" class="download-help-link bluelink-style">How to download citation</a> </div> <a href="https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/josnusd/_pubinfo/-char/en#information" class="thirdlevel-links">Contact us</a> <span class="third-level-nav-divider"></span> </div> </div>  <div class="clearfix"></div> </div> </div>   <div class="clearfix container">  <div id="sticky-sidebar" class="print-non-disp"> <div class="section-title-14">Article overview</div>  <nav id="article-overiew-section-links"> <nav id="article-overiew-section-links"> <ul id="article-overiew-section-list"> <li> <a href="#article-overiew-abstract-wrap" onClick="menueAnime('Abstract')" title="Abstract" class="customTooltip">Abstract</a></li> <li><a href="#article-overiew-references-wrap" onClick="menueAnime('References')" title="References" class="customTooltip">References (16)</a></li> <li id="author-info-navi"><a href="#author-information-wrap" onClick="menueAnime('information')" title="Content from these authors" class="customTooltip ">Content from these authors</a></li> <li><a href="#citedby-wrap" onClick="menueAnime('Cited')" title="Cited by" class="customTooltip ">Cited by (13)</a></li> </ul> </nav> </nav>   <div id="sticky-sidebar-shareicons"> <div class="section-title-noborder-14">Share</div> <ul class="global-share-x-icons-list"> <li><a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.2334%2Fjosnusd.52.257" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="fa fa-facebook facebook-share-icn"></span></a></li> <li><a href="http://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.2334%2Fjosnusd.52.257&text=J-STAGE+Articles+-+Prevalence+of+enamel+pearls+in+teeth+from+a+human+teeth+bank" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="twitter-share-icn" style="background:#000000;display:inline-block;font-size:20px;"><img src="/web/images/logo-white.png" width="16" height="16" alt="X"></img></span></a></li> <li><a href="mailto:?body=Journal%20of%20Oral%20Science%0A%0APrevalence%20of%20enamel%20pearls%20in%20teeth%20from%20a%20human%20teeth%20bank%0A%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.2334%2Fjosnusd.52.257%0A"> <span class="fa fa-envelope outlook-share-icn"></span></a></li> <li><a href="http://www.mendeley.com/import/?doi=10.2334/josnusd.52.257" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><span class="mendeley-share-icn"><img src="/web/images/mendeley-share-icon.png" width="32" height="32" alt=""/> </span></a></li> </ul> </div>  </div>   <div class="non-sticky-content"> <div id="non-sticky-content-leftsection"> <div id="article-overiew-abstract-wrap">  <div class="section-title-18">Abstract</div> <p class="global-para-14"> Enamel pearls are anatomical structures that can bring about clinical implications if associated with the retention of plaque, in turn resulting in periodontal disease. In an attempt to avoid periodontal disease, the removal and treatment of these enamel pearls, may be a necessity in some circumstances. A total of 45,785 extracted teeth from a human teeth bank were analyzed for the presence of enamel pearls. The most prevalent anatomical location of enamel pearls was the permanent maxillary first and second molar region. An association between the prevalence of enamel pearls and dental class (<I>P</I> < 0.001) was observed, most frequently in the maxillary molars. In the maxillary molars, the most prevalent anatomical location of enamel pearls in the first and second molars was the furcation between the distobuccal and palatal roots. Enamel pearls are a common observation in molars in general, but are most commonly found in maxillary molars. (J Oral Sci 52, 257-260, 2010) </p> <div style="text-align:center;"> </div> </div>   <div id="datarepo-wrap"></div> <input type="hidden" id="figshareArticleSearchUrl" value="https://api.figshare.com/v2/articles">   <div id="article-overiew-references-wrap"> <div class="section-title-18" style="display:none;">References (16)</div> </div>   <div id="article-overiew-related-wrap"> <div class="section-title-18" style="display:none;">Related articles (0)</div> </div>   <div id="figures-tables-wrap"> <div class="section-title-noborder-18" style="display:none;">Figures (0)</div> </div>   <div id="author-information-wrap" style=""> <div id="author_info_main"> <div id="author_info_title" class="section-title-18" onClick="getAuthorList(this)"> <img src="/web/images/data-services/J-GLOBAL.jpg" alt="" class="jglobal_img"> <span id="author_info_label">Content from these authors</span></div> <div class="accordion_container"> <div id="author_info_status"></div> <div id="author_info_contents"></div> 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