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Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%82" title="مرصد مناخ الفضاء العميق – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مرصد مناخ الفضاء العميق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DA%98%D8%B1%D9%81" title="رصدخانه اقلیم فضای ژرف – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رصدخانه اقلیم فضای ژرف" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%AC%EC%9A%B0%EC%A3%BC_%EA%B8%B0%ED%9B%84_%EA%B4%80%EC%B8%A1_%EC%9C%84%EC%84%B1" title="심우주 기후 관측 위성 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="심우주 기후 관측 위성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%83%96%E3%82%B6%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90%E3%83%88%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC" title="ディープ・スペース・クライメイト・オブザーバトリー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ディープ・スペース・クライメイト・オブザーバトリー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DSCOVR" title="DSCOVR – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="DSCOVR" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Deep Space Climate Observatory" data-language-autonym="Українська" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1089065853">.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight{width:25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight .infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title">Deep Space Climate Observatory</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSCOVR_spacecraft_model.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/DSCOVR_spacecraft_model.png/300px-DSCOVR_spacecraft_model.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/DSCOVR_spacecraft_model.png/450px-DSCOVR_spacecraft_model.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/DSCOVR_spacecraft_model.png 2x" data-file-width="544" data-file-height="299" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">An artist's rendering of DSCOVR satellite</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Names</th><td class="infobox-data">DSCOVR<br />Triana<br />AlGoreSat</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Space_weather" title="Space weather">Space weather</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">NOAA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2015-007A">2015-007A</a></span><span class="ib-edit-wd"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1182418#P247" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Catalog_Number" title="Satellite Catalog Number">SATCAT <abbr title="number">no.</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">40390</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/dscovr">www<wbr />.nesdis<wbr />.noaa<wbr />.gov<wbr />/dscovr</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission duration</th><td class="infobox-data">5 years (planned) <sup id="cite_ref-dscovr-infosheet_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dscovr-infosheet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />9 years, 9 months, 16 days (elapsed)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_bus" title="Satellite bus">Bus</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Explorers_Program" title="Explorers Program">SMEX-Lite</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Goddard_Space_Flight_Center" title="Goddard Space Flight Center">Goddard Space Flight Center</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch mass</th><td class="infobox-data">570 kg (1,260 lb) <sup id="cite_ref-dscovr-faq_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dscovr-faq-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">Undeployed: 1.4 × 1.8 m (4 ft 7 in × 5 ft 11 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Power</th><td class="infobox-data">600 watts</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Start of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">11 February 2015, 23:03:42 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rocket</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.1" title="Falcon 9 v1.1">Falcon 9 v1.1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch site</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Canaveral Space Force Station">Cape Canaveral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Launch_Complex_40" title="Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 40">SLC-40</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Contractor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Entered service</th><td class="infobox-data">8 June 2015</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Orbital parameters</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Heliocentric_orbit" title="Heliocentric orbit">Heliocentric orbit</a><sup id="cite_ref-dscovr-infosheet_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dscovr-infosheet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regime</th><td class="infobox-data">Sun-Earth <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point" title="Lagrange point">Lagrange point</a> L1</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox collapsible collapsed"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:95%"><span style="font-size:105%;">Instruments</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">PlasMag</th><td class="infobox-data">Plasma-Magnetometer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">NISTAR</th><td class="infobox-data">National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Radiometer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">EPIC</th><td class="infobox-data">Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">ES</th><td class="infobox-data">Electron Spectrometer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">PHA</th><td class="infobox-data">Pulse Height Analyzer</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DSCOVR_Logo_(transparent_bg).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/DSCOVR_Logo_%28transparent_bg%29.png/250px-DSCOVR_Logo_%28transparent_bg%29.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/DSCOVR_Logo_%28transparent_bg%29.png/375px-DSCOVR_Logo_%28transparent_bg%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/DSCOVR_Logo_%28transparent_bg%29.png/500px-DSCOVR_Logo_%28transparent_bg%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2085" data-file-height="1322" /></a></span><br />DSCOVR logo <div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid">Space Weather program</div><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/Space_Weather_Follow_On-Lagrange_1" title="Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1">Space Weather Follow On-Lagrange 1</a> →</div></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Deep Space Climate Observatory</b> (<b>DSCOVR</b>; formerly known as <b>Triana</b>, unofficially known as <b>GoreSat</b><sup id="cite_ref-airspace201408_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-airspace201408-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a> (NOAA) <a href="/wiki/Space_weather" title="Space weather">space weather</a>, <a href="/wiki/Space_climate" title="Space climate">space climate</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Earth_observation_satellite" title="Earth observation satellite">Earth observation satellite</a>. It was launched by <a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> on a <a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.1" title="Falcon 9 v1.1">Falcon 9 v1.1</a> <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch vehicle</a> on 11 February 2015, from <a href="/wiki/Cape_Canaveral_Space_Force_Station" title="Cape Canaveral Space Force Station">Cape Canaveral</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is NOAA's first operational deep space satellite and became its primary system of warning <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a> in the event of <a href="/wiki/Solar_storm" title="Solar storm">solar magnetic storms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dscovr-completes_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dscovr-completes-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DSCOVR was originally proposed as an Earth observation spacecraft positioned at the <a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_orbit" title="Earth's orbit">Sun-Earth</a> <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point#L1" title="Lagrange point">L<sub>1</sub></a> <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point" title="Lagrange point">Lagrange point</a>, providing live video of the sunlit side of the planet through the Internet as well as scientific instruments to study climate change. Political changes in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> resulted in the mission's cancellation, and in 2001 the spacecraft was placed into storage. </p><p>Proponents of the mission continued to push for its reinstatement, and a change in presidential administration in 2009 resulted in DSCOVR being taken out of storage and refurbished, and its mission was refocused to solar observation and early warning of <a href="/wiki/Coronal_mass_ejection" title="Coronal mass ejection">coronal mass ejections</a> while still providing Earth observation and climate monitoring. It launched aboard a <a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> <a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a> launch vehicle on 11 February 2015, and reached <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point#L1" title="Lagrange point">L<sub>1</sub></a> on 8 June 2015, joining the <a href="/wiki/List_of_objects_at_Lagrange_points" title="List of objects at Lagrange points">list of objects orbiting at Lagrange points</a>. </p><p>NOAA operates DSCOVR from its <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ospo.noaa.gov/">Satellite and Product Operations Facility</a> in <a href="/wiki/Suitland,_Maryland" title="Suitland, Maryland">Suitland, Maryland</a>. The acquired space data that allows for accurate weather forecasts are carried out in the <a href="/wiki/Space_Weather_Prediction_Center" title="Space Weather Prediction Center">Space Weather Prediction Center</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boulder,_Colorado" title="Boulder, Colorado">Boulder, Colorado</a>. Archival records are held by the <a href="/wiki/National_Centers_for_Environmental_Information" title="National Centers for Environmental Information">National Centers for Environmental Information</a>, and processing of Earth sensor data is carried out by <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-dscovr-infosheet_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dscovr-infosheet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dscovr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Dscovr.jpg/220px-Dscovr.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Dscovr.jpg/330px-Dscovr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/92/Dscovr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption>Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR)</figcaption></figure> <p>DSCOVR began as a proposal in 1998 by then-<a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a> <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> for the purpose of whole-Earth observation at the Sun-Earth <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point#L1" title="Lagrange point">L<sub>1</sub></a> <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point" title="Lagrange point">Lagrange point</a>, 1.5<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>6</sup> km (0.93<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>6</sup> mi) from Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-airspace201408_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-airspace201408-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-popsci20110407_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popsci20110407-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally known as Triana, named after <a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_de_Triana" title="Rodrigo de Triana">Rodrigo de Triana</a>, the first of <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus" title="Christopher Columbus">Columbus</a>'s crew to sight land in the <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a>, the spacecraft's original purpose was to provide a near-continuous view of the entire Earth and make that live image available via the Internet. Gore hoped not only to advance science with these images, but also to raise awareness of the Earth itself, updating the influential <a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Marble" title="The Blue Marble"><i>Blue Marble</i></a> photograph that was taken by <a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">Apollo 17</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to an imaging camera, a <a href="/wiki/Radiometer" title="Radiometer">radiometer</a> would take the first direct measurements of how much sunlight is reflected and emitted from the whole Earth (<a href="/wiki/Albedo" title="Albedo">albedo</a>). This data could constitute a barometer for the process of <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a>. The scientific goals expanded to measure the amount of solar energy reaching Earth, cloud patterns, weather systems, monitor the health of Earth's vegetation, and track the amount of <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">UV</a> light reaching the surface through the <a href="/wiki/Ozone_layer" title="Ozone layer">ozone layer</a>. </p><p>In 1999, NASA's <a href="/wiki/NASA_Office_of_Inspector_General" title="NASA Office of Inspector General">Inspector General</a> reported that "the basic concept of the Triana mission was not peer reviewed", and "Triana's added science may not represent the best expenditure of NASA's limited science funding".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">U.S. Congress</a> asked the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a> whether the project was worthwhile. The resulting report, released March 2000, stated that the mission was "strong and scientifically vital".<sup id="cite_ref-NASA-Triana_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-Triana-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidency of George W. Bush">Bush administration</a> put the project on hold shortly after George W. Bush's inauguration in January 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-popsci20110407_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popsci20110407-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Triana was removed from its original launch opportunity on <a href="/wiki/STS-107" title="STS-107">STS-107</a> (the <a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Columbia_disaster" title="Space Shuttle Columbia disaster">ill-fated <i>Columbia</i> mission</a> in 2003).<sup id="cite_ref-airspace201408_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-airspace201408-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The US$150 million <sup id="cite_ref-airspace201408_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-airspace201408-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> spacecraft was placed into <a href="/wiki/Tank_blanketing" title="Tank blanketing">nitrogen blanketed</a> storage at <a href="/wiki/Goddard_Space_Flight_Center" title="Goddard Space Flight Center">Goddard Space Flight Center</a> in November 2001 and remained there for the duration of the Bush administration.<sup id="cite_ref-sfnow20090302_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sfnow20090302-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NASA renamed the spacecraft Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) in 2003 in an attempt to regain support for the project,<sup id="cite_ref-airspace201408_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-airspace201408-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the mission was formally terminated by NASA in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-sfnow20110221_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sfnow20110221-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2008, funded by <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a> (NOAA) and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a>, the spacecraft was removed from storage and underwent testing to determine its viability for launch.<sup id="cite_ref-Siddiqi2018_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siddiqi2018-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dscovr-revived_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dscovr-revived-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama">Obama administration</a> took presidency in 2009, that year's budget included US$9 million marked for refurbishment and readiness of the spacecraft,<sup id="cite_ref-popsci20110406_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-popsci20110406-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulting in NASA refurbishing the EPIC instrument and recalibrating the NISTAR instrument.<sup id="cite_ref-Smith2011_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith2011-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a> used part of his book <i><a href="/wiki/Our_Choice" title="Our Choice">Our Choice</a></i> (2009) as an attempt to revive debate on the DSCOVR payload. The book mentions legislative efforts by senators <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Mikulski" title="Barbara Mikulski">Barbara Mikulski</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bill_Nelson" title="Bill Nelson">Bill Nelson</a> to get the spacecraft launched.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2011, the Obama administration attempted to secure funding to re-purpose the DSCOVR spacecraft as a solar observatory to replace the aging <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Composition_Explorer" title="Advanced Composition Explorer">Advanced Composition Explorer</a> (ACE) spacecraft, and requested US$47.3 million in the 2012 fiscal budget toward this purpose.<sup id="cite_ref-sfnow20110221_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sfnow20110221-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Part of this funding was to allow the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Research_Laboratory" title="United States Naval Research Laboratory">Naval Research Laboratory</a> (NRL) to construct a coronal mass ejection imager for the spacecraft, but the time required would have delayed DSCOVR's launch and it was ultimately not included.<sup id="cite_ref-dscovr-infosheet_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dscovr-infosheet-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sfnow20110221_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sfnow20110221-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NOAA allocated US$2 million in its 2011 budget to initiate the refurbishment effort, and increased funding to US$29.8 million in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-airspace201408_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-airspace201408-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, the Air Force allocated US$134.5 million to procure a launch vehicle and fund launch operations, both of which were awarded to <a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> for their <a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a> rocket.<sup id="cite_ref-airspace201408_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-airspace201408-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2013, NASA cleared DSCOVR to proceed to the implementation phase targeting an early 2015 launch,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which ultimately took place on 11 February 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-Siddiqi2018_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Siddiqi2018-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NASA's <a href="/wiki/Goddard_Space_Flight_Center" title="Goddard Space Flight Center">Goddard Space Flight Center</a> is providing management and systems engineering to the mission. </p><p>In the 2017 documentary, <i><a href="/wiki/An_Inconvenient_Sequel:_Truth_to_Power" title="An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power">An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power</a></i>, Al Gore speaks of the history of the DSCOVR spacecraft and its relation to climate change.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spacecraft">Spacecraft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Spacecraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_spacecraft_diagram.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_spacecraft_diagram.jpg/290px-Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_spacecraft_diagram.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_spacecraft_diagram.jpg/435px-Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_spacecraft_diagram.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_spacecraft_diagram.jpg/580px-Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_spacecraft_diagram.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1091" data-file-height="675" /></a><figcaption>Diagram of DSCOVR</figcaption></figure> <p>DSCOVR is built on the <a href="/wiki/Explorers_Program" title="Explorers Program">SMEX-Lite</a> spacecraft <a href="/wiki/Satellite_bus" title="Satellite bus">bus</a> and has a launch mass of approximately 570 kg (1,260 lb). The main science instrument sets are the Sun-observing Plasma Magnetometer (PlasMag) and the Earth-observing NIST Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) and Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC). DSCOVR has two deployable solar arrays, a propulsion module, boom, and antenna.<sup id="cite_ref-noaa_spacecraft_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaa_spacecraft-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The propulsion module had 145 kg of N<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> propellant.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From its vantage point, DSCOVR monitors variable <a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">solar wind</a> conditions, provides early warning of approaching coronal mass ejections and observes phenomena on Earth, including changes in ozone, aerosols, dust and volcanic ash, cloud height, vegetation cover and climate. At its Sun-Earth <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point#L1" title="Lagrange point">L<sub>1</sub></a> location it has a continuous view of the Sun and of the sunlit side of the Earth. After the spacecraft arrived on-site and entered its operational phase, NASA began releasing near-real-time images of Earth through the EPIC instrument's website.<sup id="cite_ref-epicsite_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epicsite-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DSCOVR takes full-Earth pictures about every two hours and is able to process them faster than other <a href="/wiki/Earth_observation_satellite" title="Earth observation satellite">Earth observation satellites</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The spacecraft is in a looping <a href="/wiki/Halo_orbit" title="Halo orbit">halo orbit</a> around the Sun-Earth <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point" title="Lagrange point">Lagrange point L1</a> in a six-month period, with a spacecraft–Earth–Sun angle varying from 4° to 15°.<sup id="cite_ref-dscovr-hosts_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dscovr-hosts-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Instruments">Instruments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Instruments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="PlasMag">PlasMag</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: PlasMag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Plasma-<a href="/wiki/Magnetometer" title="Magnetometer">Magnetometer</a> (PlasMag) measures <a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">solar wind</a> for <a href="/wiki/Space_weather" title="Space weather">space weather</a> predictions. It can provide early warning detection of solar activity that could cause damage to existing satellite systems and ground infrastructure. Because solar particles reach <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point#L1" title="Lagrange point">L<sub>1</sub></a> about an hour before Earth, PlasMag can provide a warning of 15 to 60 minutes before a <a href="/wiki/Coronal_mass_ejection" title="Coronal mass ejection">coronal mass ejection</a> (CME) arrives. It does this by measuring "the magnetic field and the velocity distribution functions of the electron, proton and alpha particles (<a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">helium</a> nuclei) of solar wind".<sup id="cite_ref-noaa_plasmag_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaa_plasmag-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has three instruments:<sup id="cite_ref-noaa_plasmag_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaa_plasmag-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Magnetometer measures <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_field" title="Magnetic field">magnetic field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faraday_cup" title="Faraday cup">Faraday cup</a> measures positively <a href="/wiki/Charged_particle" title="Charged particle">charged particles</a></li> <li>Electrostatic analyzer measures <a href="/wiki/Electron" title="Electron">electrons</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="EPIC">EPIC</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: EPIC"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Earth-DSCOVR-20150706-IFV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Earth-DSCOVR-20150706-IFV.jpg/290px-Earth-DSCOVR-20150706-IFV.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Earth-DSCOVR-20150706-IFV.jpg/435px-Earth-DSCOVR-20150706-IFV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Earth-DSCOVR-20150706-IFV.jpg/580px-Earth-DSCOVR-20150706-IFV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1788" data-file-height="1756" /></a><figcaption>The first EPIC image, released by NASA on 6 July 2015, shows the full sunlit Earth from 1,475,207 km (916,651 mi) or nearly four <a href="/wiki/Lunar_distance_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar distance (astronomy)">lunar distances</a> away, centered on the <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nasa20150720_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa20150720-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>The Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) takes images of the sunlit side of Earth for various Earth science monitoring purposes in ten different channels from <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">ultraviolet</a> to <a href="/wiki/Near-infrared" class="mw-redirect" title="Near-infrared">near-infrared</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ozone" title="Ozone">Ozone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aerosol" title="Aerosol">aerosol</a> levels are monitored along with cloud dynamics, properties of the land, and <a href="/wiki/Vegetation" title="Vegetation">vegetation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-noaa_epic_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaa_epic-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>EPIC has an aperture diameter of 30.5 cm (12.0 in), a <a href="/wiki/Focal_ratio" class="mw-redirect" title="Focal ratio">focal ratio</a> of 9.38, a <a href="/wiki/Field_of_view" title="Field of view">field of view</a> of 0.61°, and an angular sampling resolution of 1.07 <a href="/wiki/Arcsecond" class="mw-redirect" title="Arcsecond">arcseconds</a>. Earth's <a href="/wiki/Apparent_diameter" class="mw-redirect" title="Apparent diameter">apparent diameter</a> varies from 0.45° to 0.53° full width. <a href="/wiki/Exposure_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Exposure time">Exposure time</a> for each of the 10 narrowband channels (317, 325, 340, 388, 443, 552, 680, 688, 764, and 779 <a href="/wiki/Nanometre" title="Nanometre">nm</a>) is about 40 ms. The camera produces 2048 × 2048 pixel images, but to increase the number of downloadable images to ten per hour the resolution is averaged to 1024 × 1024 on board. The final resolution is 25 km/pixel (16 mi/pixel).<sup id="cite_ref-noaa_epic_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaa_epic-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="NISTAR">NISTAR</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: NISTAR"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Radiometer (NISTAR) was designed and built between 1999 and 2001 by NIST in Gaithersburg, MD and <a href="/wiki/Ball_Aerospace_%26_Technologies" title="Ball Aerospace & Technologies">Ball Aerospace & Technologies</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boulder,_Colorado" title="Boulder, Colorado">Boulder, Colorado</a>. NISTAR measures irradiance of the sunlit face of the Earth. This means that NISTAR measures if the <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere_of_Earth" title="Atmosphere of Earth">atmosphere of Earth</a> is taking in more or less solar energy than it is radiating back towards space. This data is to be used to study changes in Earth's <a href="/wiki/Radiation_budget" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiation budget">radiation budget</a> caused by natural and human activities.<sup id="cite_ref-noaa_nistar_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaa_nistar-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Using NISTAR data, scientists can help determine the impact that humanity is having on the atmosphere of Earth and make the necessary changes to help balance the radiation budget.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The radiometer measures in four channels: </p> <ul><li>For total radiation in <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">ultraviolet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Visible_spectrum" title="Visible spectrum">visible</a> and <a href="/wiki/Infrared" title="Infrared">infrared</a> in the range 0.2–100 μm</li> <li>For reflected solar radiation in the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared in the range 0.2–4 μm</li> <li>For reflected solar radiation in infrared in the range 0.7–4 μm</li> <li>For calibration purposes in the range 0.3–1 μm</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Launch">Launch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Launch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The DSCOVR launch was conducted by <a href="/wiki/Launch_service_provider" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch service provider">launch provider</a> <a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a> using their <a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.1" title="Falcon 9 v1.1">Falcon 9 v1.1</a> rocket. The launch of DSCOVR took place on 11 February 2015, following two scrubbed launches. It took DSCOVR 110 days from when it left Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, to reach its target destination 1.5<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>6</sup> km (0.93<span style="margin-left:0.2em">×<span style="margin-left:0.1em">10</span></span><s style="display:none">^</s><sup>6</sup> mi) away from Earth at the Sun-Earth L1 <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point" title="Lagrange point">Lagrange point</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-directory.eoportal.org_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-directory.eoportal.org-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-noaa20150608_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-noaa20150608-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Launch_attempt_history">Launch attempt history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Launch attempt history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Attempt</th> <th>Planned</th> <th>Result</th> <th>Turnaround</th> <th>Reason</th> <th>Decision point</th> <th>Weather go (%)</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span data-sort-value="8 February 2015, 23:10:00 !">8 Feb 2015, 11:10:00 pm</span></td> <td>Scrubbed</td> <td>—</td> <td>Technical</td> <td> (T02:40:00)</td> <td>>90</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Range" title="Eastern Range">Range</a> issues: tracking,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> first-stage video transmitter issues noted </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><span data-sort-value="10 February 2015, 23:04:49 !">10 Feb 2015, 11:04:49 pm</span></td> <td>Scrubbed</td> <td>1 day 23 hours 55 minutes</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Launch_weather" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch weather">Weather</a></td> <td></td> <td>80</td> <td>Upper-level winds at the launch pad exceeded 100 knots (190 km/h; 120 mph) at 7,600 m (24,900 ft) </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><span data-sort-value="11 February 2015, 23:03:42 !">11 Feb 2015, 11:03:42 pm</span></td> <td>Success</td> <td>0 days 23 hours 59 minutes</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>>90</td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Operation">Operation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Operation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">An animation of Deep Space Climate Observatory's trajectory</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory.gif/200px-Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory.gif/300px-Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory.gif/400px-Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory.gif 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="420" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">An oblique view</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory_viewed_from_the_Sun.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory_viewed_from_the_Sun.gif/200px-Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory_viewed_from_the_Sun.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory_viewed_from_the_Sun.gif/300px-Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory_viewed_from_the_Sun.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory_viewed_from_the_Sun.gif/400px-Animation_of_Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory_trajectory_viewed_from_the_Sun.gif 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="420" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">As viewed from the Sun:</div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:magenta; color:black;"> </span> Deep Space Climate Observatory</span> <b>·</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:RoyalBlue; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Earth" title="Earth">Earth</a></span> <b>·</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Gold; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a></span></div></div></div></div> <p>On 6 July 2015, DSCOVR returned its first publicly released view of the entire <a href="/wiki/Earthlight_(astronomy)" title="Earthlight (astronomy)">sunlit side</a> of Earth from 1,475,207 km (916,651 mi) away, taken by the EPIC instrument. EPIC provides a daily series of <a href="/wiki/Earth_observation" title="Earth observation">Earth images</a>, enabling the first-time study of daily variations over the entire globe. The images, available 12 to 36 hours after they are made, have been posted to a dedicated web page since September 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-nasa20150720_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa20150720-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DSCOVR was placed in operation at the L1 <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point" title="Lagrange point">Lagrange point</a> to monitor the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>, because the constant stream of particles from the Sun (the <a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">solar wind</a>) reaches L1 about 60 minutes before reaching Earth. DSCOVR will usually be able to provide a 15- to 60-minute warning before a surge of particles and <a href="/wiki/Magnetic_field" title="Magnetic field">magnetic field</a> from a <a href="/wiki/Coronal_mass_ejection" title="Coronal mass ejection">coronal mass ejection</a> (CME) reaches Earth and creates a <a href="/wiki/Geomagnetic_storm" title="Geomagnetic storm">geomagnetic storm</a>. DSCOVR data will also be used to improve predictions of the impact locations of a geomagnetic storm to be able to take preventative action. Electronic technologies such as satellites in <a href="/wiki/Geosynchronous_orbit" title="Geosynchronous orbit">geosynchronous orbit</a> are at risk of unplanned disruptions without warnings from DSCOVR and other monitoring satellites at L1.<sup id="cite_ref-dscovr-about_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dscovr-about-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16–17 July 2015, DSCOVR took a series of images showing the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> during a <a href="/wiki/Transit_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transit (astronomy)">transit</a> of Earth. The images were taken between 19:50 and 00:45 <a href="/wiki/UTC" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC">UTC</a>. The animation was composed of <a href="/wiki/Monochrome" title="Monochrome">monochrome</a> images taken in different <a href="/wiki/Optical_filter" title="Optical filter">color filters</a> at 30-second intervals for each frame, resulting in a slight color fringing for the Moon in each finished frame. Due to its position at Sun–Earth L1, DSCOVR will always see the Moon <a href="/wiki/Lunar_phase" title="Lunar phase">illuminated</a> and will always see its <a href="/wiki/Far_side_of_the_Moon" title="Far side of the Moon">far side</a> when it passes in front of Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-sfnow20150805_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sfnow20150805-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 October 2015, NASA opened a new website to host near-live "<a href="/wiki/Blue_Marble" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Marble">Blue Marble</a>" images taken by EPIC of Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-epicsite_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epicsite-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Twelve images are released each day, every two hours, showcasing Earth as <a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_rotation" title="Earth's rotation">it rotates</a> on its axis.<sup id="cite_ref-epicimages_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epicimages-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resolution of the images ranges from 10 to 15 km per pixel (6 to 9 mi/pixel), and the short <a href="/wiki/Exposure_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Exposure time">exposure times</a> renders points of starlight invisible.<sup id="cite_ref-epicimages_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-epicimages-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 June 2019, DSCOVR was put into <a href="/wiki/Safe_mode_(spacecraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Safe mode (spacecraft)">safe mode</a> due to an anomaly with the laser gyroscope of the Miniature Inertial Measurement Unit (MIMU), part of the spacecraft's <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_attitude_control" title="Spacecraft attitude control">attitude control</a> system.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Operators programmed a software patch that allows DSCOVR to operate without a laser gyroscope, using only the star tracker for angular rate information.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DSCOVR came out of the safe hold on 2 March 2020, and resumed normal operations.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Animations">Animations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Animations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:791px;max-width:791px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:174px;max-width:174px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:172px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif/172px-Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif" decoding="async" width="172" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif/258px-Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif/344px-Dscovrepicmoontransitfull.gif 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">The Moon <a href="/wiki/Transit_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transit (astronomy)">transiting</a> Earth, 16 July 2015. The <a href="/wiki/Far_side_of_the_Moon" title="Far side of the Moon">far side of the Moon</a> faces the camera.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:174px;max-width:174px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:172px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EpicEarth-Globespin-tilt-23.4.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/EpicEarth-Globespin-tilt-23.4.gif/172px-EpicEarth-Globespin-tilt-23.4.gif" decoding="async" width="172" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/EpicEarth-Globespin-tilt-23.4.gif/258px-EpicEarth-Globespin-tilt-23.4.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/EpicEarth-Globespin-tilt-23.4.gif/344px-EpicEarth-Globespin-tilt-23.4.gif 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">The Earth depicted with its <a href="/wiki/Axial_tilt" title="Axial tilt">23.4° tilt</a> (the cause of the <a href="/wiki/Season" title="Season">seasons</a>) on <a href="#EPIC">EPIC</a><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> 268th day of operation, 25 September 2015, a few days after the <a href="/wiki/September_equinox" title="September equinox">September equinox</a>.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:174px;max-width:174px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:172px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EpicEarth-Globespin(2016May29).gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/EpicEarth-Globespin%282016May29%29.gif/172px-EpicEarth-Globespin%282016May29%29.gif" decoding="async" width="172" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/EpicEarth-Globespin%282016May29%29.gif/258px-EpicEarth-Globespin%282016May29%29.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/EpicEarth-Globespin%282016May29%29.gif/344px-EpicEarth-Globespin%282016May29%29.gif 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">The <a href="/wiki/Earth%27s_rotation" title="Earth's rotation">Earth's rotation</a> on 29 May 2016, a few weeks prior to the <a href="/wiki/June_solstice" title="June solstice">June solstice</a>, with the Northern Hemisphere tilted toward the Sun.</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:261px;max-width:261px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:172px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:An_EPIC_Eclipse.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/An_EPIC_Eclipse.gif/259px-An_EPIC_Eclipse.gif" decoding="async" width="259" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/An_EPIC_Eclipse.gif/389px-An_EPIC_Eclipse.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/An_EPIC_Eclipse.gif/518px-An_EPIC_Eclipse.gif 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center">From space, the Moon's shadow during the <a href="/wiki/Solar_eclipse_of_March_9,_2016" title="Solar eclipse of March 9, 2016">solar eclipse of 9 March 2016</a> appears as a dark spot moving across the Earth.</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clouds_and_the_Earth%27s_Radiant_Energy_System" title="Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System">Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Monitoring_Camera" title="Visual Monitoring Camera">Visual Monitoring Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Falcon_9_and_Falcon_Heavy_launches" title="List of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launches">List of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launches</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/19px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/29px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/RocketSunIcon.svg/38px-RocketSunIcon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spaceflight" title="Portal:Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/19px-Crab_Nebula.jpg" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/29px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Crab_Nebula.jpg/38px-Crab_Nebula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3864" data-file-height="3864" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Astronomy" title="Portal:Astronomy">Astronomy</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/15px-Solar_system.jpg" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/23px-Solar_system.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Solar_system.jpg/30px-Solar_system.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="5600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Solar_System" title="Portal:Solar System">Solar System</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201017004955/https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/asset/document/dscovr_program_overview_info_sheet.pdf">"NOAA Satellite and Information Service: Deep Space Climate 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DSCOVR%3A+Deep+Space+Climate+Observatory&rft.pub=NOAA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nesdis.noaa.gov%2FDSCOVR%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sfnow20150805-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sfnow20150805_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2015" class="citation news cs1">Clark, Stephen (5 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/08/05/watch-the-moon-transit-the-earth/">"Watch the moon transit the Earth"</a>. Spaceflight Now.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Watch+the+moon+transit+the+Earth&rft.date=2015-08-05&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspaceflightnow.com%2F2015%2F08%2F05%2Fwatch-the-moon-transit-the-earth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-epicimages-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-epicimages_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-epicimages_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark2015" class="citation news cs1">Clark, Stephen (19 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spaceflightnow.com/2015/10/19/nasa-to-post-new-blue-marble-pictures-every-day/">"NASA to post new "blue marble" pictures every day"</a>. Spaceflight Now.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=NASA+to+post+new+%22blue+marble%22+pictures+every+day&rft.date=2015-10-19&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspaceflightnow.com%2F2015%2F10%2F19%2Fnasa-to-post-new-blue-marble-pictures-every-day%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFoust2019" class="citation news cs1">Foust, Jeff (5 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spacenews.com/dscovr-spacecraft-in-safe-mode/">"DSCOVR spacecraft in safe mode"</a>. SpaceNews.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=DSCOVR+spacecraft+in+safe+mode&rft.date=2019-07-05&rft.aulast=Foust&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspacenews.com%2Fdscovr-spacecraft-in-safe-mode%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spacenews.com/software-fix-planned-to-restore-dscovr/">"Software fix planned to restore DSCOVR"</a>. SpaceNews. 1 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Software+fix+planned+to+restore+DSCOVR&rft.date=2019-10-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspacenews.com%2Fsoftware-fix-planned-to-restore-dscovr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://spacenews.com/dscovr-back-in-operation/">"DSCOVR back in operation"</a>. SpaceNews. 3 March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=DSCOVR+back+in+operation&rft.date=2020-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fspacenews.com%2Fdscovr-back-in-operation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:DSCOVR" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:DSCOVR">DSCOVR</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/DSCOVR/">DSCOVR website</a> at NOAA.gov</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/d/dscovr">DSCOVR</a> at eoPortal.org</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://epic.gsfc.nasa.gov/">EPIC global images</a> at NASA.gov</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Research_Council2000" class="citation book cs1">National Research Council (March 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog/9789/review-of-scientific-aspects-of-the-nasa-triana-mission-letter"><i>Review of Scientific Aspects of the NASA Triana Mission: Letter Report</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17226%2F9789">10.17226/9789</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-309-13169-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-309-13169-8"><bdi>978-0-309-13169-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Review+of+Scientific+Aspects+of+the+NASA+Triana+Mission%3A+Letter+Report&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=National+Academies+Press&rft.date=2000-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17226%2F9789&rft.isbn=978-0-309-13169-8&rft.au=National+Research+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nap.edu%2Fcatalog%2F9789%2Freview-of-scientific-aspects-of-the-nasa-triana-mission-letter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarris2001" class="citation news cs1">Harris, Melissa (15 July 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.orlandosentinel.com/2001/07/15/politics-puts-100-million-satellite-on-ice/">"Politics Puts $100 Million Satellite On Ice"</a>. <i>Orlando Sentinel</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Orlando+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Politics+Puts+%24100+Million+Satellite+On+Ice&rft.date=2001-07-15&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=Melissa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.orlandosentinel.com%2F2001%2F07%2F15%2Fpolitics-puts-100-million-satellite-on-ice%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark2006" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Park" title="Robert L. Park">Park, Robert L.</a> (15 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/15/opinion/15park.html">"Scorched Earth"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Opinion Editorial.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Scorched+Earth&rft.date=2006-01-15&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Robert+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2006%2F01%2F15%2Fopinion%2F15park.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span> <ul><li>Rebuttal: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPielke_Jr.2006" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_A._Pielke_Jr." title="Roger A. Pielke Jr.">Pielke Jr., Roger A.</a> (15 January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130614171807/http://cstpr.colorado.edu/prometheus/archives/space_policy/000673repoliticizing_tria.html">"Re-Politicizing Triana"</a>. Center for Science and Technology Policy Research. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cstpr.colorado.edu/prometheus/archives/space_policy/000673repoliticizing_tria.html">the original</a> on 14 June 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Re-Politicizing+Triana&rft.pub=Center+for+Science+and+Technology+Policy+Research&rft.date=2006-01-15&rft.aulast=Pielke+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Roger+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcstpr.colorado.edu%2Fprometheus%2Farchives%2Fspace_policy%2F000673repoliticizing_tria.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonahue2011" class="citation news cs1">Donahue, Bill (6 April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2011-03/lost-satellite">"Who Killed The Deep Space Climate Observatory?"</a>. Popular Science.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Who+Killed+The+Deep+Space+Climate+Observatory%3F&rft.date=2011-04-06&rft.aulast=Donahue&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.popsci.com%2Ftechnology%2Farticle%2F2011-03%2Flost-satellite&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoody2015" class="citation web cs1">Doody, Dave (28 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2015/0728-dscovrs-halo.html">"DSCOVR's Halo"</a>. The Planetary Society.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DSCOVR%27s+Halo&rft.pub=The+Planetary+Society&rft.date=2015-07-28&rft.aulast=Doody&rft.aufirst=Dave&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.planetary.org%2Fblogs%2Fguest-blogs%2F2015%2F0728-dscovrs-halo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADeep+Space+Climate+Observatory" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="SpaceX_missions_and_payloads" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SpaceX_missions_and_payloads" title="Template:SpaceX missions and payloads"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SpaceX_missions_and_payloads" title="Template talk:SpaceX missions and payloads"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SpaceX_missions_and_payloads" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SpaceX missions and payloads"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="SpaceX_missions_and_payloads" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">SpaceX missions and payloads</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_launch_vehicles" title="SpaceX launch vehicles">Launch vehicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_1" title="Falcon 1">Falcon 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.0" title="Falcon 9 v1.0">v1.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_v1.1" title="Falcon 9 v1.1">v1.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Full_Thrust" title="Falcon 9 Full Thrust">Full Thrust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_Block_5" title="Falcon 9 Block 5">Block 5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy" title="Falcon Heavy">Falcon Heavy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Falcon_1#Launch_history" title="Falcon 1">Falcon 1 missions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Flight 1† (<a href="/wiki/FalconSAT-2" title="FalconSAT-2">FalconSAT-2</a>)</li> <li>Flight 2†</li> <li>Flight 3† <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trailblazer_(satellite)" title="Trailblazer (satellite)">Trailblazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRESat" title="PRESat">PRESat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NanoSail-D" title="NanoSail-D">NanoSail-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celestis" title="Celestis">Explorers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratsat" class="mw-redirect" title="Ratsat">Ratsat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RazakSAT" title="RazakSAT">RazakSAT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Falcon_9_and_Falcon_Heavy_launches" title="List of Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launches">Falcon 9 missions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Demonstrations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon_1" title="SpaceX Dragon 1">Dragon 1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_Spacecraft_Qualification_Unit" title="Dragon Spacecraft Qualification Unit">Qualification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_COTS_Demo_Flight_1" title="SpaceX COTS Demo Flight 1">Demo-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_COTS_Demo_Flight_2" title="SpaceX COTS Demo Flight 2">Demo-2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crew_Dragon" class="mw-redirect" title="Crew Dragon">Crew Dragon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crew_Dragon_Pad_Abort_Test" title="Crew Dragon Pad Abort Test">Pad Abort Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crew_Dragon_Demo-1" title="Crew Dragon Demo-1">Demo-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crew_Dragon_In-Flight_Abort_Test" title="Crew Dragon In-Flight Abort Test">In-Flight Abort Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crew_Dragon_Demo-2" title="Crew Dragon Demo-2">Demo-2</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/ISS" class="mw-redirect" title="ISS">ISS</a> logistics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-1" title="SpaceX CRS-1">CRS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-2" title="SpaceX CRS-2">CRS-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-3" title="SpaceX CRS-3">CRS-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-4" title="SpaceX CRS-4">CRS-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-5" title="SpaceX CRS-5">CRS-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-6" title="SpaceX CRS-6">CRS-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-7" title="SpaceX CRS-7">CRS-7</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-8" title="SpaceX CRS-8">CRS-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-9" title="SpaceX CRS-9">CRS-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-10" title="SpaceX CRS-10">CRS-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-11" title="SpaceX CRS-11">CRS-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-12" title="SpaceX CRS-12">CRS-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-13" title="SpaceX CRS-13">CRS-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-14" title="SpaceX CRS-14">CRS-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-15" title="SpaceX CRS-15">CRS-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-16" title="SpaceX CRS-16">CRS-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-17" title="SpaceX CRS-17">CRS-17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-18" title="SpaceX CRS-18">CRS-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-19" title="SpaceX CRS-19">CRS-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-20" title="SpaceX CRS-20">CRS-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-21" title="SpaceX CRS-21">CRS-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-22" title="SpaceX CRS-22">CRS-22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-23" title="SpaceX CRS-23">CRS-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-24" title="SpaceX CRS-24">CRS-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-25" title="SpaceX CRS-25">CRS-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-26" title="SpaceX CRS-26">CRS-26</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-27" title="SpaceX CRS-27">CRS-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-28" title="SpaceX CRS-28">CRS-28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-29" title="SpaceX CRS-29">CRS-29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cygnus_NG-20" title="Cygnus NG-20">Cygnus NG-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-30" title="SpaceX CRS-30">CRS-30</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Cygnus_NG-21" title="Cygnus NG-21">Cygnus NG-21</a></u></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-31" title="SpaceX CRS-31">CRS-31</a></u></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-32#Cargo_Dragon_flights" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceX CRS-32">CRS-32–35</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cygnus_NG-22" class="mw-redirect" title="Cygnus NG-22">Cygnus NG-22</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crew_Dragon_Demo-2" title="Crew Dragon Demo-2">Demo-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-1" title="SpaceX Crew-1">Crew-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-2" title="SpaceX Crew-2">Crew-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inspiration4" title="Inspiration4">Inspiration4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-3" title="SpaceX Crew-3">Crew-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axiom_Mission_1" title="Axiom Mission 1">Axiom-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-4" title="SpaceX Crew-4">Crew-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-5" title="SpaceX Crew-5">Crew-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-6" title="SpaceX Crew-6">Crew-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axiom_Mission_2" title="Axiom Mission 2">Axiom-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-7" title="SpaceX Crew-7">Crew-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axiom_Mission_3" title="Axiom Mission 3">Axiom-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-8" title="SpaceX Crew-8">Crew-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Dawn" title="Polaris Dawn">Polaris Dawn</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-9" title="SpaceX Crew-9">Crew-9</a></u></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Crew-10" title="SpaceX Crew-10">Crew-10</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fram2" title="Fram2">Fram2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Axiom_Mission_4" title="Axiom Mission 4">Axiom-4</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon_2#Crew_Dragon_flights" title="SpaceX Dragon 2">Crew-11–14</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vast-1" title="Vast-1">Vast-1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polaris_program" title="Polaris program">Polaris-2</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial<br />satellites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SES-8" title="SES-8">SES-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaicom_6" title="Thaicom 6">Thaicom 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_flight_10" title="Falcon 9 flight 10">Orbcomm OG2 × 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AsiaSat_8" title="AsiaSat 8">AsiaSat 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AsiaSat_6" title="AsiaSat 6">AsiaSat 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABS-3A" title="ABS-3A">ABS-3A</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_115_West_B" title="Eutelsat 115 West B">Eutelsat 115 West B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmen%C3%84lem_52%C2%B0E_/_MonacoSAT" title="TürkmenÄlem 52°E / MonacoSAT">TürkmenÄlem 52°E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9_flight_20" title="Falcon 9 flight 20">Orbcomm OG2 × 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES-9" title="SES-9">SES-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JCSAT-14" class="mw-redirect" title="JCSAT-14">JCSAT-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thaicom_8" title="Thaicom 8">Thaicom 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABS-2A" title="ABS-2A">ABS-2A</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_117_West_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Eutelsat 117 West B">Eutelsat 117 West B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JCSAT-16" title="JCSAT-16">JCSAT-16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMOS-6_(satellite)" title="AMOS-6 (satellite)">AMOS-6</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridium_NEXT" class="mw-redirect" title="Iridium NEXT">Iridium NEXT</a> 1–10</li> <li><a href="/wiki/EchoStar_23" class="mw-redirect" title="EchoStar 23">EchoStar 23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES-10" title="SES-10">SES-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inmarsat-5_F4" class="mw-redirect" title="Inmarsat-5 F4">Inmarsat-5 F4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BulgariaSat-1" title="BulgariaSat-1">BulgariaSat-1</a></li> <li>Iridium NEXT 11–20</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_35e" title="Intelsat 35e">Intelsat 35e</a></li> <li>Iridium NEXT 21–30</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES-11" title="SES-11">SES-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreasat_5A" title="Koreasat 5A">Koreasat 5A</a></li> <li>Iridium NEXT 31–40</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_30W-6" title="Hispasat 30W-6">Hispasat 30W-6</a></li> <li>Iridium NEXT 41–50</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangabandhu-1" title="Bangabandhu-1">Bangabandhu-1</a></li> <li>Iridium NEXT 51–55</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES-12" title="SES-12">SES-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telstar_19V" title="Telstar 19V">Telstar 19V</a></li> <li>Iridium NEXT 56–65</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telkom_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Telkom 4">Telkom 4</a> (Merah Putih)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telstar_18V" title="Telstar 18V">Telstar 18V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Es%27hail_2" title="Es'hail 2">Es'hail 2</a></li> <li>Iridium NEXT 66–75</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nusantara_Satu" title="Nusantara Satu">Nusantara Satu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Beresheet" title="Beresheet">Beresheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amos_17" class="mw-redirect" title="Amos 17">Amos 17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JCSAT" class="mw-redirect" title="JCSAT">JCSAT</a>-18</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirius_XM_Holdings#Satellites" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirius XM Holdings">SXM</a> 7</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_5A" title="Türksat 5A">Türksat 5A</a></li> <li>SXM 8</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_5B" title="Türksat 5B">Türksat 5B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilesat-301" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilesat-301">Nilesat-301</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_SES_satellites#SES_fleet" title="List of SES satellites">SES-22</a></li> <li>Galaxy <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_33" title="Galaxy 33">33</a>,<a href="/wiki/List_of_Intelsat_satellites#Galaxy_(Intelsat_Americas,_since_1992)" title="List of Intelsat satellites">34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotbird_13F" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotbird 13F">Hotbird 13F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotbird_13G" class="mw-redirect" title="Hotbird 13G">Hotbird 13G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Intelsat_satellites#Galaxy_(Intelsat_Americas,_since_1992)" title="List of Intelsat satellites">Galaxy 31,32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat" title="Eutelsat">Eutelsat</a> 10B</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OneWeb" class="mw-redirect" title="OneWeb">OneWeb</a> #15</li> <li><a href="/wiki/O3b_mPOWER" title="O3b mPOWER">O3b mPOWER</a> 1,2</li> <li>OneWeb #16</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat#Launched_satellites" title="Hispasat">Amazonas Nexus</a></li> <li>OneWeb #17</li> <li>SES 18,19</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_40e" title="Intelsat 40e">Intelsat 40e</a></li> <li>O3b mPOWER 3,4</li> <li>Iridium NEXT 76-80 and OneWeb #19</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Satellite_Communications_Organization#Arabsat-7" title="Arab Satellite Communications Organization">ArabSat 7B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PT_Pasifik_Satelit_Nusantara#SATRIA" title="PT Pasifik Satelit Nusantara">SATRIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Intelsat_satellites#Galaxy_(Intelsat_Americas,_since_1992)" title="List of Intelsat satellites">Galaxy 37</a></li> <li>O3b mPOWER 5,6</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovzon" title="Ovzon">Ovzon</a>-3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telkom_Indonesia" title="Telkom Indonesia">Merah Putih 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat#Satellites" title="Eutelsat">Eutelsat 36D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Galileo_satellites" title="List of Galileo satellites">Galileo FOC FM25,27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WorldView_Legion" title="WorldView Legion">WorldView Legion 1,2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astra_1P" title="Astra 1P">Astra 1P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_6A" title="Türksat 6A">Türksat 6A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_Satellite_Broadband_Mission" class="mw-redirect" title="Arctic Satellite Broadband Mission">ASBM 1,2</a></li> <li>WorldView Legion 3,4</li> <li><a href="/wiki/AST_SpaceMobile#Deployment" title="AST SpaceMobile">BlueBird Block 1</a></li> <li>Galileo FOC FM26,32</li> <li>OneWeb #20</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreasat" title="Koreasat">Koreasat</a> 6A</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optus_(satellite)" title="Optus (satellite)">Optus-X</a>/TD7</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GSAT-20" title="GSAT-20">GSAT-20</a> (GSAT-N2)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scientific<br />satellites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CASSIOPE" title="CASSIOPE">CASSIOPE</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DSCOVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason-3" title="Jason-3">Jason-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formosat-5" title="Formosat-5">Formosat-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite" title="Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite">TESS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRACE-FO" class="mw-redirect" title="GRACE-FO">GRACE-FO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAOCOM" title="SAOCOM">SAOCOM</a> 1A</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RADARSAT_Constellation" title="RADARSAT Constellation">RADARSAT Constellation</a></li> <li>SAOCOM 1B</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Asteroid_Redirection_Test" title="Double Asteroid Redirection Test">DART</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imaging_X-ray_Polarimetry_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer">IXPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakuto" title="Hakuto">Hakuto</a>-R</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentinel-6_Michael_Freilich" title="Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich">S6MF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Pathfinder_Lunar_Orbiter" class="mw-redirect" title="Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter">KPLO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_Water_and_Ocean_Topography" title="Surface Water and Ocean Topography">SWOT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euclid_(spacecraft)" title="Euclid (spacecraft)">Euclid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plankton,_Aerosol,_Cloud,_ocean_Ecosystem" title="Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem">PACE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IM-1" title="IM-1">IM-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EarthCARE" title="EarthCARE">EarthCARE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera_(space_mission)" title="Hera (space mission)">Hera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military<br />satellites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NROL" class="mw-redirect" title="NROL">NROL</a>-76</li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-37B" class="mw-redirect" title="X-37B">X-37B</a> OTV-5</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuma_(satellite)" title="Zuma (satellite)">Zuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SES-16" title="SES-16">SES-16 / GovSat-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paz_(satellite)" title="Paz (satellite)">Paz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPS_III" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS III">GPS III</a>-01</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ANASIS-II" title="ANASIS-II">ANASIS-II</a></li> <li>GPS III-03</li> <li>NROL-108</li> <li>GPS III-04</li> <li>GPS III-05</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COSMO-SkyMed#COSMO-SkyMed_second_generation_(CSG)" title="COSMO-SkyMed">COSMO-SkyMed CSG-2</a></li> <li>NROL-87</li> <li>NROL-85 (<a href="/wiki/Intruder_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Intruder (satellite)">Intruder</a> 13A/B)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SARah" class="mw-redirect" title="SARah">SARah</a> 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/EROS_(satellite)#EROS_NG" title="EROS (satellite)">EROS-C3</a></li> <li>GPS III-06</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Development_Agency#Launches" title="Space Development Agency">Transport and Tracking Layer (Tranche 0, Flight 1)</a></li> <li>Transport and Tracking Layer (Tranche 0, Flight 2)</li> <li>425 Project SAR Satellite</li> <li>SARah 2/3</li> <li>USSF-124</li> <li>425 Project SAR satellite flight 2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_System_Follow-on_Microwave" title="Weather System Follow-on Microwave">Weather System Follow-on Microwave</a> 1</li> <li>NROL-146</li> <li>NROL-186</li> <li>NROL-113</li> <li>NROL-167</li> <li><i>NROL-126</i></li> <li><i>NROL-69</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spainsat_NG" title="Spainsat NG">Spainsat NG</a> I</i></li> <li><i>SDA Tranche 1 Tracking layer T1TL-B</i></li> <li><i>SDA Tranche 1 Tracking layer T1TL-C</i></li> <li><i>SDA Tranche 1 Tracking layer T1TL-D</i></li> <li><i>425 Project SAR satellite flight 3</i></li> <li><i>SDA Tranche 1 Tracking layer T1TL-E</i></li> <li><i>SDA Tranche 1 Transport layer T1TR-C</i></li> <li><i>USSF-36</i></li> <li><i>USSF-31</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skynet_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Skynet 6">Skynet 6</a>A</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spainsat_NG" title="Spainsat NG">Spainsat NG</a> II</i></li> <li><i>SDA Tranche 1 Transport layer T1TL-F</i></li> <li><i>SDA Tranche 1 Transport layer T1TR-A</i></li> <li><i>SDA Tranche 1 Transport layer T1TR-E</i></li> <li><i>SDA Tranche 1 Transport layer T2TL-A</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Starlink" title="Starlink">Starlink</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Starlink_and_Starshield_launches" title="List of Starlink and Starshield launches">List of Starlink and Starshield launches</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rideshares</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2018 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SSO-A" class="mw-redirect" title="SSO-A">SSO-A</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transporter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2021 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2021#SpXTransporter1" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2021">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2021#SpXTransporter2" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2021">2</a></li></ul></li> <li>2022 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2022#SpXTransporter3" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2022">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2022#SpXTransporter4" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2022">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2022#SpXTransporter5" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2022">5</a></li></ul></li> <li>2023 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2023#SpXTransporter6" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2023">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2023#SpXTransporter7" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2023">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2023#SpXTransporter8" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2023">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_July%E2%80%93December_2023#SpXTransporter9" title="List of spaceflight launches in July–December 2023">9</a></li></ul></li> <li>2024 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2024#SpXTransporter10" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2024">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_July%E2%80%93December_2024#SpXTransporter11" title="List of spaceflight launches in July–December 2024">11</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bandwagon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2024 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_January%E2%80%93June_2024#SpXBandwagon1" title="List of spaceflight launches in January–June 2024">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_launches_in_July%E2%80%93December_2024#SpXBandwagon2" title="List of spaceflight launches in July–December 2024"><i>2</i></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy#Scheduled_launches_and_potential_payloads" title="Falcon Heavy">Falcon Heavy missions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy_test_flight" title="Falcon Heavy test flight">Test flight</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elon_Musk%27s_Tesla_Roadster" title="Elon Musk's Tesla Roadster">Tesla Roadster</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabsat-6A" title="Arabsat-6A">Arabsat-6A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Test_Program" title="Space Test Program">USAF STP-2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demonstration_and_Science_Experiments" title="Demonstration and Science Experiments">DSX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COSMIC-2" title="COSMIC-2">FormoSat-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LightSail_2" class="mw-redirect" title="LightSail 2">LightSail 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Propellant_Infusion_Mission" title="Green Propellant Infusion Mission">GPIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_Atomic_Clock" title="Deep Space Atomic Clock">DSAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovative_Space-based_Radar_Antenna_Technology" title="Innovative Space-based Radar Antenna Technology">ISAT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">USSF</a>-44</li> <li>USSF-67</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ViaSat-3" title="ViaSat-3">ViaSat-3</a> Americas</li> <li>Jupiter-3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psyche_(spacecraft)" title="Psyche (spacecraft)">Psyche</a></li> <li>USSF-52 (<a href="/wiki/X-37B" class="mw-redirect" title="X-37B">X-37B</a> OTV-7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOES-U" class="mw-redirect" title="GOES-U">GOES-U</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Clipper" title="Europa Clipper">Europa Clipper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Starship_launches" title="List of Starship launches"><i>Starship</i> missions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flight tests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Starship_upper_stage_flight_tests" title="List of Starship upper stage flight tests">Suborbital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Starship_launches#2023" title="List of Starship launches">Orbital</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Starship_flight_test_1" title="Starship flight test 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starship_flight_test_2" title="Starship flight test 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starship_flight_test_3" title="Starship flight test 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starship_flight_test_4" title="Starship flight test 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starship_flight_test_5" title="Starship flight test 5">5</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Starship_flight_test_6" title="Starship flight test 6">6</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Polaris_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Polaris Program">Polaris-3</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Starship_HLS" title="Starship HLS">Starship HLS</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial<br />satellites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Superbird-9" title="Superbird-9">Superbird-9</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><u>Ongoing spaceflights</u> are underlined</li> <li><i>Future missions</i> and <i>vehicles under development</i> in italics</li> <li>Failed missions† are marked with <a href="/wiki/Dagger_(mark)" title="Dagger (mark)">dagger</a> †</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="21st-century_space_probes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_System_probes" title="Template:Solar System probes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Solar_System_probes" title="Template talk:Solar System probes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Solar_System_probes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Solar System probes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="21st-century_space_probes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">21st-century <a href="/wiki/Space_probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Space probe">space probes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_Solar_System_probes" title="List of active Solar System probes">Active space probes</a><br />(deep space missions)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sun</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parker_Solar_Probe" title="Parker Solar Probe">Parker Solar Probe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aditya-L1" title="Aditya-L1">Aditya-L1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_the_Moon" title="List of missions to the Moon">Moon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/THEMIS" title="THEMIS">ARTEMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAPSTONE" title="CAPSTONE">CAPSTONE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-2" title="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_3" title="Chang'e 3">Chang'e 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4" title="Chang'e 4">Chang'e 4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yutu-2" title="Yutu-2"><i>Yutu-2</i> rover</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">Chang'e 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danuri" title="Danuri">Danuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao relay satellite">Queqiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao-2_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao-2 relay satellite">Queqiao 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiandu" title="Tiandu">Tiandu 1 and 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_6" title="Chang'e 6">Chang'e 6</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICUBE-Q" title="ICUBE-Q">ICUBE-Q</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_Mars" title="List of missions to Mars">Mars</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emirates_Mars_Mission" title="Emirates Mars Mission">Emirates Mars Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExoMars" title="ExoMars">ExoMars</a> <a href="/wiki/Trace_Gas_Orbiter" title="Trace Gas Orbiter">TGO</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_Express" title="Mars Express">Mars Express</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2001_Mars_Odyssey" title="2001 Mars Odyssey">2001 Mars Odyssey</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAVEN" title="MAVEN">MAVEN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter">MRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Mars Science Laboratory">MSL</a> <a href="/wiki/Curiosity_(rover)" title="Curiosity (rover)"><i>Curiosity</i> rover</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tianwen-1" title="Tianwen-1">Tianwen-1</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_2020" title="Mars 2020">Mars 2020</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perseverance_(rover)" title="Perseverance (rover)"><i>Perseverance</i> rover</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other planets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BepiColombo" title="BepiColombo">BepiColombo</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_Mercury" class="mw-redirect" title="List of missions to Mercury">Mercury</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Akatsuki_(spacecraft)" title="Akatsuki (spacecraft)">Akatsuki</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_Venus" title="List of missions to Venus">Venus</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juno_(spacecraft)" title="Juno (spacecraft)">Juno</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_the_outer_planets" title="List of missions to the outer planets">Jupiter</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jupiter_Icy_Moons_Explorer" title="Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer">Juice</a></i> <ul><li>Jupiter</li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Europa_Clipper" title="Europa Clipper">Europa Clipper</a></i> <ul><li>Jupiter</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_minor_planets" title="List of missions to minor planets">Minor planets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_2" title="Chang'e 2">Chang'e 2</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hayabusa2" title="Hayabusa2">Hayabusa2</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Hayabusa2#MINERVA-II" title="Hayabusa2">MINERVA-II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lucy_(spacecraft)" title="Lucy (spacecraft)">Lucy</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Horizons" title="New Horizons">New Horizons</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSIRIS-REx" title="OSIRIS-REx">OSIRIS-REx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hera_(space_mission)" title="Hera (space mission)">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psyche_(spacecraft)" title="Psyche (spacecraft)">Psyche</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Interstellar space</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_probes" title="List of Solar System probes">Completed after 2000</a><br />(by termination date)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NEAR_Shoemaker" title="NEAR Shoemaker">NEAR Shoemaker</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_1" title="Deep Space 1">Deep Space 1</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2003 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_10" title="Pioneer 10">Pioneer 10</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(spacecraft)" title="Galileo (spacecraft)">Galileo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nozomi_(spacecraft)" title="Nozomi (spacecraft)">Nozomi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2004 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Genesis_(spacecraft)" title="Genesis (spacecraft)">Genesis</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2005 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Huygens_(spacecraft)" title="Huygens (spacecraft)">Huygens</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2006 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_Global_Surveyor" title="Mars Global Surveyor">Mars Global Surveyor</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2008 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(spacecraft)" title="Phoenix (spacecraft)">Phoenix</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2009 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_1" title="Chang'e 1">Chang'e 1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(spacecraft)" title="Ulysses (spacecraft)">Ulysses</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-1" title="Chandrayaan-1">Chandrayaan-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELENE" title="SELENE">SELENE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LCROSS" title="LCROSS">LCROSS</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2010 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hayabusa" title="Hayabusa">Hayabusa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover" title="Mars Exploration Rover">MER</a> <a href="/wiki/Spirit_(rover)" title="Spirit (rover)"><i>Spirit</i> rover</a></li></ul></li> <li>2011 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Stardust_(spacecraft)" title="Stardust (spacecraft)">Stardust</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2012 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GRAIL" title="GRAIL">GRAIL</a></li></ul></li> <li>2013 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Deep_Impact_(spacecraft)" title="Deep Impact (spacecraft)">Deep Impact</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2014 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LADEE" title="LADEE">LADEE</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Venus_Express" title="Venus Express">Venus Express</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5-T1" title="Chang'e 5-T1">Chang'e 5-T1</a></li></ul></li> <li>2015 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/MESSENGER" title="MESSENGER">MESSENGER</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/PROCYON" title="PROCYON">PROCYON</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IKAROS" title="IKAROS">IKAROS</a></li></ul></li> <li>2016 <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_(spacecraft)" title="Rosetta (spacecraft)">Rosetta</a></i> / <i><a href="/wiki/Philae_(spacecraft)" title="Philae (spacecraft)">Philae</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yutu_(rover)" title="Yutu (rover)"><i>Yutu</i> rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ExoMars" title="ExoMars">ExoMars</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Schiaparelli_EDM" title="Schiaparelli EDM">Schiaparelli</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2017 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LISA_Pathfinder" title="LISA Pathfinder">LISA Pathfinder</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cassini%E2%80%93Huygens" title="Cassini–Huygens">Cassini</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>2018 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hayabusa2#MASCOT" title="Hayabusa2">MASCOT</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_(spacecraft)" title="Dawn (spacecraft)">Dawn</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longjiang_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Longjiang 1">Longjiang-1</a></li></ul></li> <li>2019 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Cube_One" title="Mars Cube One">MarCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover" title="Mars Exploration Rover">MER</a> <a href="/wiki/Opportunity_(rover)" title="Opportunity (rover)"><i>Opportunity</i> rover</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Beresheet" title="Beresheet">Beresheet</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longjiang_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Longjiang 2">Longjiang-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-2" title="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan-2</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pragyan_(Chandrayaan-2)" title="Pragyan (Chandrayaan-2)"><i>Pragyan</i> rover</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2020 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">Chang'e 5</a></li></ul></li> <li>2022 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_Asteroid_Redirection_Test" title="Double Asteroid Redirection Test"><i>Double Asteroid Redirection Test</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Orbiter_Mission" title="Mars Orbiter Mission"><i>Mangalyaan</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InSight" title="InSight"><i>InSight</i></a></li></ul></li> <li>2023 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakuto-R_Mission_1" title="Hakuto-R Mission 1">Hakuto-R Mission 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_25" title="Luna 25">Luna 25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-2" title="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan-3</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pragyan_(Chandrayaan-3)" title="Pragyan (Chandrayaan-3)"><i>Pragyan</i> rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhurong_(rover)" title="Zhurong (rover)"><i>Zhurong</i> rover</a></li></ul></li> <li>2024 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peregrine_Mission_One" title="Peregrine Mission One">Peregrine Mission One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingenuity_(helicopter)" title="Ingenuity (helicopter)"><i>Ingenuity</i> helicopter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Lander_for_Investigating_Moon" title="Smart Lander for Investigating Moon">SLIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IM-1" title="IM-1">IM-1</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Solar_System_probes" title="List of Solar System probes">List of Solar System probes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lunar_probes" title="List of lunar probes">List of lunar probes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extraterrestrial_orbiters" title="List of extraterrestrial orbiters">List of extraterrestrial orbiters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_space_telescopes" title="List of space telescopes">List of space telescopes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_2014Orbital_launches_in_20152016_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launches_in_2015" title="Template:Orbital launches in 2015"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orbital_launches_in_2015" title="Template talk:Orbital launches in 2015"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital_launches_in_2015" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launches in 2015"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_2014Orbital_launches_in_20152016_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="/wiki/2014_in_spaceflight" title="2014 in spaceflight">← 2014</a></div><a href="/wiki/2015_in_spaceflight" title="2015 in spaceflight"><span class="vevent"><span class="summary">Orbital launches in <span class="dtstart">2015</span></span></span></a><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/2016_in_spaceflight" title="2016 in spaceflight">2016 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">January</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-5" title="SpaceX CRS-5">SpaceX CRS-5</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Flock-1" title="Flock-1">Flock-1d</a>' × 2, <a href="/wiki/AESP-14" title="AESP-14">AESP-14</a></small>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_User_Objective_System" title="Mobile User Objective System">MUOS-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soil_Moisture_Active_Passive" title="Soil Moisture Active Passive">SMAP</a>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/ExoCube_(CP-10)" title="ExoCube (CP-10)">ExoCube</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">February</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IGS-Radar_Spare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IGS-Radar Spare (page does not exist)">IGS-Radar Spare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inmarsat#Satellites" title="Inmarsat">Inmarsat 5-F2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fajr_(satellite)" title="Fajr (satellite)">Fajr</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DSCOVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-26M" title="Progress M-26M">Progress M-26M</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2503&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2503 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2503</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bars-M&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bars-M (page does not exist)">Bars-M</a> No. 1</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">March</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABS-3A" title="ABS-3A">ABS-3A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_115_West_B" title="Eutelsat 115 West B">Eutelsat 115 West B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WADIS-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WADIS-2 (page does not exist)">WADIS-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetospheric_Multiscale_Mission" title="Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission">MMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekspress_AM7" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekspress AM7">Ekspress AM7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-260" title="USA-260">USA-260</a> / <a href="/wiki/GPS_IIF" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS IIF">GPS IIF</a><a href="/wiki/List_of_GPS_satellites" title="List of GPS satellites">-9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KOMPSat-3A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KOMPSat-3A (page does not exist)">KOMPSat-3A</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IGS-Optical_5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IGS-Optical 5 (page does not exist)">IGS-Optical 5</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TMA-16M" title="Soyuz TMA-16M">Soyuz TMA-16M</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Galileo_satellites" title="List of Galileo satellites">FOC-3, FOC-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRNSS-1D" title="IRNSS-1D">IRNSS-1D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeiDou" title="BeiDou">BeiDou</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_BeiDou_satellites" title="List of BeiDou satellites">I1-S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonets-M" class="mw-redirect" title="Gonets-M">Gonets-M</a> 11, 12, 13, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2504&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2504 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2504</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">April</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-6" title="SpaceX CRS-6">SpaceX CRS-6</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Arkyd-3R" class="mw-redirect" title="Arkyd-3R">Arkyd-3R</a></span>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Flock_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flock (satellite)">Flock-1e</a> × 14</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor_(satellite)" title="Thor (satellite)">Thor 7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syracuse_(satellite)" title="Syracuse (satellite)">SICRAL-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmen%C3%84lem_52%C2%B0E_/_MonacoSAT" title="TürkmenÄlem 52°E / MonacoSAT">TürkmenÄlem 52°E / MonacoSAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-27M" title="Progress M-27M">Progress M-27M</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">May</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Satellite_System" title="Mexican Satellite System">Mexsat-1</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-261" class="mw-redirect" title="USA-261">USA-261</a> / <a href="/wiki/Boeing_X-37" title="Boeing X-37">X-37 OTV-4</a>, <a href="/wiki/LightSail" title="LightSail">LightSail-1</a>, <small><a href="/w/index.php?title=USS_Langley_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="USS Langley (satellite) (page does not exist)">USS Langley</a>, <a href="/wiki/BRICSat-P" title="BRICSat-P">BRICSat-P</a>, <a href="/wiki/ParkinsonSat" class="mw-redirect" title="ParkinsonSat">ParkinsonSat</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=GEARRS-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GEARRS-2 (page does not exist)">GEARRS-2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=AeroCube&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AeroCube (page does not exist)">AeroCube</a> 8A, 8B, <a href="/w/index.php?title=OptiCube&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OptiCube (page does not exist)">OptiCube</a> 1, 2, 3</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirecTV_satellite_fleet" title="DirecTV satellite fleet">DirecTV-15</a>, <a href="/wiki/SKY_M%C3%A9xico" class="mw-redirect" title="SKY México">SKY México</a>-1</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">June</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kosmos_satellites_(2501%E2%80%932750)" title="List of Kosmos satellites (2501–2750)">Kosmos 2505</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yantar-4K2M" title="Yantar-4K2M">Kobalt-M №10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentinel-2A" title="Sentinel-2A">Sentinel-2A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kosmos_satellites_(2501%E2%80%932750)" title="List of Kosmos satellites (2501–2750)">Kosmos 2506</a> / <a href="/wiki/Persona_(satellite)" title="Persona (satellite)">Persona №3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaofen" title="Gaofen">Gaofen 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_CRS-7" title="SpaceX CRS-7">SpaceX CRS-7</a>† (<small><a href="/wiki/Flock-1" title="Flock-1">Flock-1f</a> × 8†</small>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">July</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-28M" title="Progress M-28M">Progress M-28M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK-DMC_3" title="UK-DMC 3">UK-DMC 3</a> × 3, <a href="/w/index.php?title=CBNT-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CBNT-1 (page does not exist)">CBNT-1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=DeOrbitSail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DeOrbitSail (page does not exist)">DeOrbitSail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-262" title="USA-262">USA-262</a> / <a href="/wiki/GPS_IIF" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS IIF">GPS IIF</a><a href="/wiki/List_of_GPS_satellites" title="List of GPS satellites">-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_One_C4" title="Star One C4">Star One C4</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meteosat#Second_Generation" title="Meteosat">MSG-4</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TMA-17M" title="Soyuz TMA-17M">Soyuz TMA-17M</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-263" title="USA-263">USA-263</a> / <a href="/wiki/Wideband_Global_SATCOM" title="Wideband Global SATCOM">WGS-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeiDou" title="BeiDou">BeiDou</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_BeiDou_satellites" title="List of BeiDou satellites">M1-S, M2-S</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">August</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kounotori_5" title="Kounotori 5">HTV-5 / Kounotori 5</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Flock_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flock (satellite)">Flock-2b</a> × 14</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutelsat_8_West_B" title="Eutelsat 8 West B">Eutelsat 8 West B</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intelsat_34" title="Intelsat 34">Intelsat 34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaogan" title="Yaogan">Yaogan 27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INSAT-4E" title="INSAT-4E">GSAT-6 / INSAT-4E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inmarsat#Satellites" title="Inmarsat">Inmarsat 5-F3</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">September</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TMA-18M" title="Soyuz TMA-18M">Soyuz TMA-18M</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_User_Objective_System" title="Mobile User Objective System">MUOS-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Galileo_satellites" title="List of Galileo satellites">FOC-5</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Galileo_satellites" title="List of Galileo satellites">FOC-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongxin_Jishu_Shiyan" title="Tongxin Jishu Shiyan">TJS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaofen" title="Gaofen">Gaofen 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekspress_AM8" title="Ekspress AM8">Ekspress AM8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kosmos_satellites_(2501%E2%80%932750)" title="List of Kosmos satellites (2501–2750)">Kosmos 2507</a> / <a href="/wiki/Strela_(satellite)" title="Strela (satellite)">Strela-3M 13</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Kosmos_satellites_(2501%E2%80%932750)" title="List of Kosmos satellites (2501–2750)">Kosmos 2508</a> / <a href="/wiki/Strela_(satellite)" title="Strela (satellite)">Strela-3M 14</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Kosmos_satellites_(2501%E2%80%932750)" title="List of Kosmos satellites (2501–2750)">Kosmos 2509</a> / <a href="/wiki/Strela_(satellite)" title="Strela (satellite)">Strela-3M 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pujiang-1" title="Pujiang-1">Pujiang-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrosat" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrosat">Astrosat</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Aeronautics_and_Space#LAPAN-A2" title="National Institute of Aeronautics and Space">LAPAN-A2</a>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Lemur-2" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemur-2">Lemur-2</a> × 4</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeiDou" title="BeiDou">BeiDou</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_BeiDou_satellites" title="List of BeiDou satellites">I2-S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Muster" title="Sky Muster">NBN-Co 1A</a>, <a href="/wiki/ARSAT-2" title="ARSAT-2">ARSAT-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">October</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Progress_M-29M" title="Progress M-29M">Progress M-29M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Satellite_System" title="Mexican Satellite System">Mexsat-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jilin-1#Other_satellites" title="Jilin-1">Jilin-1 Smart Verification Satellite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jilin-1#Other_satellites" title="Jilin-1">Jilin-1 Optical-A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jilin-1#Video_satellites" title="Jilin-1">Jilin-1 Video-01</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jilin-1#Video_satellites" title="Jilin-1">Jilin-1 Video-02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_USA_satellites" title="List of USA satellites">USA-264</a> / <a href="/wiki/Naval_Ocean_Surveillance_System" title="Naval Ocean Surveillance System">NOSS Intruder</a> × 2, <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/AMSAT" title="AMSAT">AMSAT Fox-1</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/APT_Satellite_Holdings#List_of_satellites" title="APT Satellite Holdings">APStar-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrksat_4B" title="Türksat 4B">Türksat 4B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USA-265" title="USA-265">USA-265</a> / <a href="/wiki/GPS_IIF" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS IIF">GPS IIF</a><a href="/wiki/List_of_GPS_satellites" title="List of GPS satellites">-11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">November</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinasat_2C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chinasat 2C (page does not exist)">Chinasat 2C</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=HiakaSat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HiakaSat (page does not exist)">HiakaSat</a></i>, <small><i><a href="/wiki/Edison_Demonstration_of_Smallsat_Networks" title="Edison Demonstration of Smallsat Networks">EDSN</a> × 8, <a href="/w/index.php?title=PrintSat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PrintSat (page does not exist)">PrintSat</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Argus_(spacecraft)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argus (spacecraft) (page does not exist)">Argus</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=STACEM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STACEM (page does not exist)">STACEM</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Supernova-Beta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Supernova-Beta (page does not exist)">Supernova-Beta</a></i></small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaogan" title="Yaogan">Yaogan 28</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabsat_6B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabsat 6B (page does not exist)">Arabsat 6B</a>, <a href="/wiki/GSAT-15" title="GSAT-15">GSAT-15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_2510&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 2510 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 2510</a> / <a href="/wiki/EKS_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="EKS (satellite)">EKS-1</a> / Tundra-11L</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LaoSat-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LaoSat-1 (page does not exist)">LaoSat-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telstar_12V" title="Telstar 12V">Telstar 12V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaogan" title="Yaogan">Yaogan 29</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">December</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LISA_Pathfinder" title="LISA Pathfinder">LISA Pathfinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kosmos_satellites_(2501%E2%80%932750)" title="List of Kosmos satellites (2501–2750)">Kosmos 2511</a> / Kanopus-ST†, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Kosmos_satellites_(2501%E2%80%932750)" title="List of Kosmos satellites (2501–2750)">Kosmos 2512</a> / KYuA-1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cygnus_CRS_OA-4" class="mw-redirect" title="Cygnus CRS OA-4">Cygnus CRS OA-4</a> (<span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Flock_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flock (satellite)">Flock-2e</a> × 12</span>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Miniature_X-ray_Solar_Spectrometer_CubeSat" title="Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat">MinXSS 1</a></span>, <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Edison_Demonstration_of_Smallsat_Networks" title="Edison Demonstration of Smallsat Networks">Nodes</a> × 2</span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ChinaSat" class="mw-redirect" title="ChinaSat">ChinaSat 1C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elektro-L_No.2" title="Elektro-L No.2">Elektro-L No.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Kosmos_satellites_(2501%E2%80%932750)" title="List of Kosmos satellites (2501–2750)">Kosmos 2513</a> / Garpun-12L</li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_TMA-19M" title="Soyuz TMA-19M">Soyuz TMA-19M</a></u></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TeLEOS-1" title="TeLEOS-1">TeLEOS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Matter_Particle_Explorer" title="Dark Matter Particle Explorer">DAMPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Galileo_satellites" title="List of Galileo satellites">FOC-8</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galileo_(satellite_navigation)" title="Galileo (satellite navigation)">Galileo</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Galileo_satellites" title="List of Galileo satellites">FOC-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_MS-01" title="Progress MS-01">Progress MS-01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbcomm_(satellite)#Orbcomm-OG2" title="Orbcomm (satellite)">Orbcomm-OG2</a> × 11</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekspress-AMU1" title="Ekspress-AMU1">Ekspress-AMU1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaofen" title="Gaofen">Gaofen 4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Launches are separated by dots ( • ), payloads by commas ( , ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ).<br /><u>Crewed flights</u> are underlined. Launch failures are marked with the † sign. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in parentheses).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Al_Gore" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Al_Gore" title="Template:Al Gore"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Al_Gore" title="Template talk:Al Gore"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Al_Gore" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Al Gore"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Al_Gore" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore">Al Gore</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">45th</a> <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President of the United States</a> (1993–2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senator</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Tennessee" title="List of United States senators from Tennessee">from Tennessee</a> (1985–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. Representative</a> for <a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_4th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 4th congressional district">TN–4</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tennessee%27s_6th_congressional_district" title="Tennessee's 6th congressional district">TN–6</a> (1977–1985)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atari_Democrat" title="Atari Democrat">Atari Democrat</a></li> <li>Prevention of Genocide Act of 1988</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_presidency_of_Al_Gore" title="Vice presidency of Al Gore">Vice presidency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_history_of_Al_Gore" title="Electoral history of Al Gore">Electoral History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. House</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1976_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1976 United States House of Representatives elections">1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1978 United States House of Representatives elections">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1980 United States House of Representatives elections">1980</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections" title="1982 United States House of Representatives elections">1982</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">U.S. Senate</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1984 United States Senate elections">1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Senate_elections" title="1990 United States Senate elections">1990</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vice presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1992_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1992 presidential campaign">1992 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="1992 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1992 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_debates#October_13:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Georgia_Tech)" title="1992 United States presidential debates">debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_United_States_presidential_election" title="1992 United States presidential election">election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Presidential transition of Bill Clinton">transition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton_1996_presidential_campaign" title="Bill Clinton 1996 presidential campaign">1996 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1996 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_debates#October_9:_Vice_presidential_debate_(Mahaffey_Theater)" title="1996 United States presidential debates">debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_United_States_presidential_election" title="1996 United States presidential election">election</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidential</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore_1988_presidential_campaign" title="Al Gore 1988 presidential campaign">1988 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1988_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="1988 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore_2000_presidential_campaign" title="Al Gore 2000 presidential campaign">2000 campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="2000 Democratic Party presidential primaries">primaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Democratic_Party_vice_presidential_candidate_selection" title="2000 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection">running mate selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2000 Democratic National Convention">convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_debates" title="2000 United States presidential debates">debates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">election</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bush_v._Gore" title="Bush v. Gore">Bush v. Gore</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_George_W._Bush" title="Presidential transition of George W. Bush">Bush transition</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Environment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_Marshall_Plan" title="Global Marshall Plan">Global Marshall Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore_and_the_environment" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Gore and the environment">Environmental activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Climate_Protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance for Climate Protection">Alliance for Climate Protection</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Inconvenient_Truth" title="An Inconvenient Truth">An Inconvenient Truth</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I_Need_to_Wake_Up" title="I Need to Wake Up">I Need to Wake Up</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_Earth" title="Live Earth">Live Earth</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Inconvenient_Sequel:_Truth_to_Power" title="An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power">An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Truth_to_Power_(song)" title="Truth to Power (song)">Truth to Power</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Gore_and_information_technology" title="Al Gore and information technology">Role in information technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Performance_Computing_Act_of_1991" title="High Performance Computing Act of 1991">High Performance Computing Act of 1991</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Information_Infrastructure" title="National Information Infrastructure">National Information Infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_superhighway" title="Information superhighway">Information superhighway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhighway_Summit" title="Superhighway Summit">The Superhighway Summit</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Deep Space Climate Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24_Hours_in_Cyberspace" title="24 Hours in Cyberspace">24 Hours in Cyberspace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetDay" title="NetDay">NetDay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Earth" title="Digital Earth">Digital Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Current_TV" title="Current TV">Current TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_received_by_Al_Gore" class="mw-redirect" title="List of awards received by Al Gore">Awards and honors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Earth_in_the_Balance" title="Earth in the Balance">Earth in the Balance</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Inconvenient_Truth_(book)" title="An Inconvenient Truth (book)">An Inconvenient Truth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Assault_on_Reason" title="The Assault on Reason">The Assault on Reason</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Choice" title="Our Choice">Our Choice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Future:_Six_Drivers_of_Global_Change" title="The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change">The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Inconvenient_Sequel_(book)" title="An Inconvenient Sequel (book)">An Inconvenient Sequel</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tipper_Gore" title="Tipper Gore">Tipper Gore</a> (wife, <i>separated</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karenna_Gore" title="Karenna Gore">Karenna Gore</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristin_Gore" title="Kristin Gore">Kristin Gore</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Gore_Sr." title="Albert Gore Sr.">Albert Gore Sr.</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_LaFon_Gore" title="Pauline LaFon Gore">Pauline LaFon Gore</a> (mother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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