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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B9" title="পশ্চিমাঞ্চল সম্বন্ধীয় মহা তাং রাজবংশীয় নথিসমূহ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পশ্চিমাঞ্চল সম্বন্ধীয় মহা তাং রাজবংশীয় নথিসমূহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81i-t%C3%B4ng_Se-he%CC%8Dk-k%C3%AC" title="Tāi-tông Se-he̍k-kì – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tāi-tông Se-he̍k-kì" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%85%C4%83%D1%80%C4%95%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5_%C3%A7%D3%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Кайри ене Аслă Тан тапхăрĕнче çӳрени – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кайри ене Аслă Тан тапхăрĕнче çӳрени" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapport_du_voyage_en_Occident_%C3%A0_l%27%C3%A9poque_des_Grands_Tang" title="Rapport du voyage en Occident à l'époque des Grands Tang – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rapport du voyage en Occident à l'époque des Grands Tang" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EB%8B%B9%EC%84%9C%EC%97%AD%EA%B8%B0" title="대당서역기 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대당서역기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catatan_Tang_Agung_mengenai_Xiyu" title="Catatan Tang Agung mengenai Xiyu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Catatan Tang Agung mengenai Xiyu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98" title="大唐西域記 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="大唐西域記" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reisen_til_de_vestre_regioner_under_det_store_Tangdynastiet" title="Reisen til de vestre regioner under det store Tangdynastiet – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Reisen til de vestre regioner under det store Tangdynastiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Путешествие в Западный край во времена Великой Тан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Путешествие в Западный край во времена Великой Тан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="மேற்குப் பகுதிகள் குறித்த மகா தாங் பதிவுகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மேற்குப் பகுதிகள் குறித்த மகா தாங் பதிவுகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B6_%D0%B2_%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Подорож в Західний край за часів Великої Тан – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Подорож в Західний край за часів Великої Тан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%81_%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF" title="ہیون سانگ کا سفرنامہ ہند – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہیون سانگ کا سفرنامہ ہند" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_%C4%90%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_T%C3%A2y_V%E1%BB%B1c_k%C3%BD" title="Đại Đường Tây Vực ký – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đại Đường Tây Vực ký" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98" title="大唐西域記 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大唐西域記" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1146069#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de"><i>Records of the Western Regions</i></th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98%EF%BC%88%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%EF%BC%89.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98%EF%BC%88%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%EF%BC%89.jpg/220px-%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98%EF%BC%88%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%EF%BC%89.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98%EF%BC%88%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%EF%BC%89.jpg/330px-%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98%EF%BC%88%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%EF%BC%89.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98%EF%BC%88%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%EF%BC%89.jpg/440px-%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98%EF%BC%88%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%EF%BC%89.jpg 2x" data-file-width="826" data-file-height="606" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A page from the edition of the <i>Records of the Western Regions</i> compiled as part of the <i><a href="/wiki/Siku_Quanshu" title="Siku Quanshu">Siku Quanshu</a></i>, an 18th-century <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing</a> encyclopedia</div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">《大唐西域記》</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">《大唐西域记》</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;">Literal meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">Records of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Regions" title="Western Regions">Western Regions</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Tang_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Tang Empire">Great Tang</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Dàtáng Xīyùjì<br />Dà Táng Xīyùjì<br />Dàtáng Xīyù Jì<br />Dà Táng Xīyù Jì</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Ta T'ang Hsi-yü Chi</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <i><b>Records of the Western Regions</b></i>, also known by its <a href="/wiki/Classical_Chinese" title="Classical Chinese">Chinese name</a> as the <i><b>Datang Xiyuji</b></i> or <i><b>Da Tang Xiyu Ji</b></i> and by various other translations and <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Chinese" title="Romanization of Chinese">Romanized transcriptions</a>, is a narrative of the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Buddhism" title="Chinese Buddhism">Chinese Buddhist</a> <a href="/wiki/Bhikku" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhikku">monk</a> <a href="/wiki/Xuanzang" title="Xuanzang">Xuanzang</a>'s nineteen-year journey from <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang</a> <a href="/wiki/Imperial_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial China">China</a> through the <a href="/wiki/Western_Regions" title="Western Regions">Western Regions</a> to <a href="/wiki/Medieval_India" title="Medieval India">medieval India</a> and back during the mid-7th century CE. </p><p>The book was compiled in 646, describing travels undertaken between 626 and 645.<sup id="cite_ref-uhpress_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uhpress-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bianji" title="Bianji">Bianji</a>, a disciple of Xuanzang, spent more than one year editing the book through Xuanzang's dictation. The text presents an account of <a href="/wiki/Xuanzang" title="Xuanzang">Xuanzang</a>'s route with religious details as well as reports of the people and places he encountered.<sup id="cite_ref-columbia_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-columbia-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is now considered not merely a landmark work in the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Buddhism" title="History of Buddhism">history of Buddhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indo-Chinese_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Chinese relations">Indo-Chinese relations</a> but also in <a href="/wiki/Cross-cultural_studies" title="Cross-cultural studies">cross-cultural studies</a> across the world.<sup id="cite_ref-columbia_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-columbia-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Xuanzang's <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_pilgrimage" class="mw-redirect" title="Buddhist pilgrimage">pilgrimage</a> began in the <a href="/wiki/Capitals_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Capitals of China">imperial capital</a> of <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an">Xi'an</a> in China's <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaanxi Province">Shaanxi Province</a>) and followed the overland <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a> through what is now <a href="/wiki/Gansu" title="Gansu">Gansu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> in northwest China. He travelled through <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a> around the <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a> to India, where he reached as far south as <a href="/wiki/Kanchipuram" title="Kanchipuram">Kanchipuram</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-columbia_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-columbia-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then returned to China where, despite the illegality of his departure, his travels and scholarship were celebrated by the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Tang" title="Emperor Taizong of Tang">Emperor Taizong of Tang</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While trade relations between India and China had been ongoing from at least the 1st century CE, and had been strengthened through the <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road_transmission_of_Buddhism" title="Silk Road transmission of Buddhism">expansion of Buddhism into China</a> from the time of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a>, it was not until the expansion of the <a href="/wiki/First_Turkic_Khaganate" title="First Turkic Khaganate">Turkic Khaganate</a> began to threaten the borders of India and China that embassies were sent between the two regions for military alliances.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Xuanzang is credited as being one of the first diplomats to establish such a relation between <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang China</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Kannauj" title="Kingdom of Kannauj">Kingdom of Kannauj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Xuanzang's travels were motivated by his deep interest in Buddhist lore. While he was not legally authorized by the Tang court to leave China, he managed to journey to India and record his meetings with the kings of <a href="/wiki/Medieval_India" title="Medieval India">various Indian kingdoms</a>. Of particular note is emperor <a href="/wiki/Harsha" title="Harsha">Harsha</a>, whom Xuanzang managed to convince to send an emissary to <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Tang" title="Emperor Taizong of Tang">Emperor Taizong of Tang</a>. These <a href="/wiki/Indo-Chinese_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Chinese relations">diplomatic relations</a> allowed Xuanzang to return to China without facing legal repercussions, instead granting him an audience with Taizong, who ultimately commissioned Xuanzang to write a record of his journeys to be entered into the official Tang records.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The book contains more than 120,000 <a href="/wiki/Chinese_characters" title="Chinese characters">Chinese characters</a> and is divided into twelve volumes, which describe the geography, land and maritime transportation, climate, local products, people, language, history, politics, economic life, religion, culture, and customs in 110 countries, regions and city-states from <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang" title="Xinjiang">Xinjiang</a> to <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Iran" title="Eastern Iran">Eastern Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northern_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern India">Northern India</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>, among other regions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The text is of a great value to modern historians and archaeologists.<sup id="cite_ref-uhpress_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uhpress-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Records</i> is an important document of <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a> during the early 7th century, as it provides information of a <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Afghanistan" title="Buddhism in Afghanistan">Buddhist culture existing in Afghanistan</a> during that time and the earliest textual evidence for <a href="/wiki/Buddhas_of_Bamiyan" title="Buddhas of Bamiyan">Buddhist sculptures at Bamiyan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His travels are also credited with being partially responsible for the spread of sugar-making technology in <a href="/wiki/Medieval_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval China">medieval China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medieval_India" title="Medieval India">India</a>. This is significant because sugar plays a crucial role in Buddhist doctrine.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The text also has equal importance in the study of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_India" title="History of India">history of India</a>, and archaeologists have been using it to fill in certain gaps in Indian history.<sup id="cite_ref-uhpress_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uhpress-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also allowed historians to locate important archaeological sites in the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Subcontinent" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Subcontinent">Indian Subcontinent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-uhpress_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uhpress-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The book is known for having "exact descriptions of distances and locations of different places",<sup id="cite_ref-uhpress_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uhpress-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has served as a guidebook for the excavation of many important sites, such as <a href="/wiki/Rajagrha" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajagrha">Rajagrha</a>, the Temple at <a href="/wiki/Sarnath" title="Sarnath">Sarnath</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ajanta_Caves" title="Ajanta Caves">Ajanta Caves</a>, the ruins of the <a href="/wiki/Nalanda_mahavihara" title="Nalanda mahavihara">Nalanda <i>mahāvihāra</i></a> (great monastery) in <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-uhpress_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uhpress-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the ruins of <a href="/wiki/Vasu_Vihara" title="Vasu Vihara">Vasu Bihar</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pundravardhana" title="Pundravardhana">ancient city of Pundra</a>. The text inspired <i><a href="/wiki/Journey_to_the_West" title="Journey to the West">Journey to the West</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Classic_Chinese_Novels" title="Classic Chinese Novels">Classic Chinese novel</a> published in the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-uhpress_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-uhpress-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Translations">Translations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Beal, Samuel (1884). <i>Si-Yu-Ki: Buddhist Records of the Western World, by Hiuen Tsiang</i>. 2 vols. Translated by Samuel Beal. London. 1884. Reprint: Delhi. Oriental Books Reprint Corporation. 1969. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/siyukibuddhistre01hsuoft">Volume 1</a> (PDF 21.5 MB) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/download/siyukibuddhistre02hsuoft/siyukibuddhistre02hsuoft.pdf">Volume2</a> (PDF 16.9 MB)</li> <li>Beal, Samuel (1911). <i>The Life of Hiuen-Tsiang. Translated from the Chinese of Shaman (monk) Hwui Li</i> by Samuel Beal. London. 1911. Reprint Munshiram Manoharlal, New Delhi. 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/ajf4729.0001.001.umich.edu">Internet Archive</a> (PDF 14.3 MB)</li> <li>Julien, Stanislas, (1857/1858). <i>Mémoires sur les contrées occidentales</i>, L'Imprimerie impériale, Paris. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mmoiressurlesco01juligoog">Vol.1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mmoiressurlesco00juligoog">Vol.2</a></li> <li>Li, Rongxi (translator) (1995). <i>The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions</i>. Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research. Berkeley, California. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-886439-02-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-886439-02-8">1-886439-02-8</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatters1904" class="citation book cs1">Watters, Thomas (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cu31924071132769#page/n3/mode/2up"><i>On Yuan Chwang's Travels in India, 629-645 A.D. Volume1</i></a>. Royal Asiatic Society, London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+Yuan+Chwang%27s+Travels+in+India%2C+629-645+A.D.+Volume1&rft.pub=Royal+Asiatic+Society%2C+London&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=Watters&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fcu31924071132769%23page%2Fn3%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARecords+of+the+Western+Regions" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/onyuanchwangstr01wattgoog">Volume 2</a></li> <li>Sen, Tansen. “In Search of Longevity and Good Karma: Chinese Diplomatic Missions to Middle India in the Seventh Century.” Journal of World History, vol. 12, no. 1, 2001, pp. 1–28. JSTOR, JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/20078877.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-uhpress-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-uhpress_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uhpress_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uhpress_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uhpress_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uhpress_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uhpress_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-uhpress_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uhpress.hawaii.edu/p-4509-9781886439023.aspx">"The Great Tang Dynasty Record of the Western Regions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Hawaii_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Hawaii Press">University of Hawaii Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Great+Tang+Dynasty+Record+of+the+Western+Regions&rft.pub=University+of+Hawaii+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uhpress.hawaii.edu%2Fp-4509-9781886439023.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARecords+of+the+Western+Regions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-columbia-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-columbia_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-columbia_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-columbia_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/special/travel_records.pdf">"The Travel Records of Chinese Pilgrims Faxian, Xuanzang, and Yijing"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Travel+Records+of+Chinese+Pilgrims+Faxian%2C+Xuanzang%2C+and+Yijing&rft.pub=Columbia+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fafe.easia.columbia.edu%2Fspecial%2Ftravel_records.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARecords+of+the+Western+Regions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRay2000" class="citation journal cs1">Ray, Haraprasad (2000). "Indo-Chinese Diplomatic Relations in Historical Perspectivethe South Indian Chapter". <i>Proceedings of the Indian History Congress</i>. <b>61</b>: 1093–1103. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/44144424">44144424</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Indian+History+Congress&rft.atitle=Indo-Chinese+Diplomatic+Relations+in+Historical+Perspectivethe+South+Indian+Chapter&rft.volume=61&rft.pages=1093-1103&rft.date=2000&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F44144424%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Haraprasad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARecords+of+the+Western+Regions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSen2001" class="citation journal cs1">Sen, Tansen (2001). "In Search of Longevity and Good Karma: Chinese Diplomatic Missions to Middle India in the Seventh Century". <i>Journal of World History</i>. <b>12</b> (1): 1–28. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fjwh.2001.0025">10.1353/jwh.2001.0025</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20078877">20078877</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:153696415">153696415</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+World+History&rft.atitle=In+Search+of+Longevity+and+Good+Karma%3A+Chinese+Diplomatic+Missions+to+Middle+India+in+the+Seventh+Century&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-28&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A153696415%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F20078877%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fjwh.2001.0025&rft.aulast=Sen&rft.aufirst=Tansen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARecords+of+the+Western+Regions" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iMwnIv89hH3Q7rvdzmDQH9zCL6KA">New Bamiyan Buddha find amid destruction</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110505224108/http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5iMwnIv89hH3Q7rvdzmDQH9zCL6KA">Archived</a> May 5, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sen, Tansen. "In Search of Longevity and Good Karma: Chinese Diplomatic Missions to Middle India in the Seventh Century." Journal of World History, vol. 12, no. 1, 2001, pp. 1–28. JSTOR, JSTOR, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20078877">20078877</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Zhu, Yunqiu and Wang, Lixin. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928015640/http://engine.cqvip.com/QK/85080X/200501/20166491.html?SUID=EGBNBFDHDNCBCOPIBOLGEMCBCDOIPNFP">Da Tang Xiyu Ji Zhong De Yinduren Xingxiang (The Image of Indians in the Great Tang Records on the Western Regions)</a></i>. Journal of Shenyang University. 2005.2. p. 98-102. ISSN 1008-9225.</li> <li>Tang, Qinfu (2001). <i>History of Chinese Historiography</i>. Taiyuan: Shanxi Education Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/7-5440-2111-4" title="Special:BookSources/7-5440-2111-4">7-5440-2111-4</a>. p. 230-232.</li> <li>Xie, Fang, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929095916/http://203.72.198.245/web/Content.asp?ID=51048&Query=1">"Da Tang Xiyu Ji" ("Great Tang Records on the Western Regions")</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_China" title="Encyclopedia of China">Encyclopedia of China</a></i>, 1st ed.</li> <li>Zhang Xiuping et al. (1993). <i>100 Books That Influenced China: Da Tang Xiyu Ji</i>. Nanning: Guangxi Renmin Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/7-219-02339-1" title="Special:BookSources/7-219-02339-1">7-219-02339-1</a>. p. 392-398.</li> <li>T. C. Kuo and H. M. Chou, "The contribution of Xuanzang's Great Tang Records on the Western Regions to the research of religious culture," 2016 International Conference on Advanced Materials for Science and Engineering (ICAMSE), Tainan, 2016, pp. 322-324.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original text related to this article: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Zh:%E5%A4%A7%E5%94%90%E8%A5%BF%E5%9F%9F%E8%A8%98" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Zh:大唐西域記">大唐西域記</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li>Bhat, R. B., & Wu, C. (2014). Xuan Zhang's mission to the West with Monkey King. New Delhi: Aditya Prakashan, 2014.</li> <li>Jain, Sandhya, & Jain, Meenakshi (2011). The India they saw: Foreign accounts. New Delhi: Ocean Books.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinaknowledge.org/Literature/Science/datangxiyuji.html">Da Tang Xiyu Ji "Records from the Regions West of the Great Tang Empire"</a> — Chinaknowledge.de.</li> <li>10 part (high quality) documentary <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVEJzp4h_MY"><i>Xuanzang's Pilgrimage</i></a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&oldid=1256241409">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Records_of_the_Western_Regions&oldid=1256241409</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:7th-century_Chinese_books" title="Category:7th-century Chinese books">7th-century Chinese books</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_classic_texts" title="Category:Chinese classic texts">Chinese classic texts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_prose_texts" title="Category:Chinese prose texts">Chinese prose texts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tang_dynasty_literature" title="Category:Tang dynasty literature">Tang dynasty literature</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Texts_about_the_history_of_Buddhism" title="Category:Texts about the history of Buddhism">Texts about the history of Buddhism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Travel_books" title="Category:Travel books">Travel books</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Chinese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Chinese-language text">Articles containing Chinese-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 November 2024, at 23:21<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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