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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Purpose_of_personal_training" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Purpose_of_personal_training"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Purpose of personal training</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Purpose_of_personal_training-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Employment_characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Employment_characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Employment characteristics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Employment_characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accreditation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accreditation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Accreditation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Accreditation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Accreditation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Accreditation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>International</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brazil" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brazil"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Brazil</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brazil-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canada" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canada"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Canada</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canada-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Iran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.10</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Personal trainer</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another 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Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%8A_(%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A9)" title="المدرب الشخصي (رياضة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المدرب الشخصي (رياضة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_Training" title="Personal Training – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Personal Training" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrenador_personal" title="Entrenador personal – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Entrenador personal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coach_sportif" title="Coach sportif – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coach sportif" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8D%BC%EC%8A%A4%EB%84%90_%ED%8A%B8%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%84%88" title="퍼스널 트레이너 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="퍼스널 트레이너" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_trainer" title="Personal trainer – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Personal trainer" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%A8_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99" title="אימון כושר אישי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אימון כושר אישי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szem%C3%A9lyi_edz%C5%91" title="Személyi edző – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Személyi edző" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BD%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AB%E3%83%88%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC" title="パーソナルトレーナー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パーソナルトレーナー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personlig_trener" title="Personlig trener – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Personlig trener" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trener_personalny" title="Trener personalny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Trener personalny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treinador_pessoal" title="Treinador pessoal – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Treinador pessoal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cvi%C4%8Dite%C4%BE" title="Cvičiteľ – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Cvičiteľ" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Лични тренер – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лични тренер" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_trainer" title="Personal trainer – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Personal trainer" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personlig_tr%C3%A4nare" title="Personlig tränare – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Personlig tränare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pansariling_tagapagsanay" title="Pansariling tagapagsanay – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pansariling tagapagsanay" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5" title="ผู้ฝึกสอนส่วนบุคคล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ผู้ฝึกสอนส่วนบุคคล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bng_d%E1%BA%ABn_vi%C3%AAn_th%E1%BB%83_h%C3%ACnh" title="Hướng dẫn viên thể hình – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hướng dẫn viên thể hình" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A7%81%E4%BA%BA%E6%95%99%E7%B7%B4" title="私人教練 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="私人教練" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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instruction</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Physical_therapy" title="Physical therapy">physical therapy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Athletic_trainer" title="Athletic trainer">athletic trainer</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Strength_and_conditioning_coach" title="Strength and conditioning coach">strength and conditioning coach</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Two_people_in_a_gym_using_BOSU_balls.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Two_people_in_a_gym_using_BOSU_balls.jpg/250px-Two_people_in_a_gym_using_BOSU_balls.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Two_people_in_a_gym_using_BOSU_balls.jpg/375px-Two_people_in_a_gym_using_BOSU_balls.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Two_people_in_a_gym_using_BOSU_balls.jpg/500px-Two_people_in_a_gym_using_BOSU_balls.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1353" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>A personal trainer demonstrating use of a <a href="/wiki/Bosu" class="mw-redirect" title="Bosu">Bosu</a> ball.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>personal trainer</b> is an individual who creates and delivers safe and effective exercise programs for healthy individuals and groups, or those with medical clearance to exercise. They motivate clients by collaborating to set goals, providing meaningful feedback, and by being a reliable source for accountability.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (August 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Trainers also conduct a variety of assessments beginning with a <a href="/wiki/Preparticipation_physical_evaluation" title="Preparticipation physical evaluation">preparticipation health-screening</a> and may also include assessments of posture and movement, flexibility, balance, core function, cardio-respiratory fitness, muscular fitness, body composition, and skill-related parameters (e.g. power, agility, coordination, speed, and reactivity) to observe and gather relevant information needed to develop an effective exercise program and support client goal attainment. </p><p>These assessments may be performed at the beginning of and after an exercise program to measure client progress toward improved <a href="/wiki/Physical_fitness" title="Physical fitness">physical fitness</a>. Trainers create exercise programs following a progression model, using the baseline assessment as the starting point of a client's physical abilities and framing the program to fit the individual personally.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also provide education on many other aspects of wellness, including general health and nutrition guidelines. Helping clients to reach their full potential in various aspects of life<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (August 2022)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Personal_trainer#Dubious" title="Talk:Personal trainer">discuss</a></i>]</sup> requires a comprehensive client-centered approach along with a belief that clients are resourceful and capable of change. </p><p>Qualified personal trainers or certified personal trainers (CPTs) recognize their own areas of expertise. If a trainer suspects that one of their clients has a medical condition that could prevent the client from safe participation in an exercise program, they must refer the client to the proper health professional for medical clearance.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose_of_personal_training">Purpose of personal training</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Purpose of personal training"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Personal_trainer_assessing_a_client%27s_goals_and_needs_as_they_write_a_fitness_programme.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Personal_trainer_assessing_a_client%27s_goals_and_needs_as_they_write_a_fitness_programme.jpg/220px-Personal_trainer_assessing_a_client%27s_goals_and_needs_as_they_write_a_fitness_programme.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Personal_trainer_assessing_a_client%27s_goals_and_needs_as_they_write_a_fitness_programme.jpg/330px-Personal_trainer_assessing_a_client%27s_goals_and_needs_as_they_write_a_fitness_programme.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Personal_trainer_assessing_a_client%27s_goals_and_needs_as_they_write_a_fitness_programme.jpg/440px-Personal_trainer_assessing_a_client%27s_goals_and_needs_as_they_write_a_fitness_programme.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1065" data-file-height="708" /></a><figcaption>Personal trainer assessing a client's goals and needs as they write a fitness program</figcaption></figure><p> The scope of practice for a personal trainer has a primary focus on prevention and involves enhancing components of health and fitness for the general, healthy population or those cleared for exercise. </p><p>Proper <a href="/wiki/Exercise_prescription" title="Exercise prescription">exercise prescription</a> may result in improved <a href="/wiki/Body_composition" title="Body composition">body composition</a>, physical performance, heart condition, and health outcomes.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The decision to hire a personal trainer may be related to a perceived health threat, a lack of knowledge, a personal belief in one's ability to begin and adhere to an exercise program, or some sort of psychological effect. Often clients will seek the guidance of a personal trainer for factors related to <a href="/wiki/Motivation" title="Motivation">motivation</a> and adherence. A personal trainer pays close attention to the client's exercise technique, workout routine, goals, values, and nutrition. Personal training in men and women has been shown to improve the benefit-to-concern ratio for exercise (decisional balance), and increase confidence to choose exercise in the face of other time demands (scheduling <a href="/wiki/Self-efficacy" title="Self-efficacy">self-efficacy</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Personal training results in higher strength, higher workout intensities, and higher perceived exertion during exercise. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Employment_characteristics">Employment characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Employment characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Personal_Training_at_a_Gym_-_Cable_Crossover.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Personal Training at a Gym" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Personal_Training_at_a_Gym_-_Cable_Crossover.JPG/220px-Personal_Training_at_a_Gym_-_Cable_Crossover.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Personal_Training_at_a_Gym_-_Cable_Crossover.JPG/330px-Personal_Training_at_a_Gym_-_Cable_Crossover.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Personal_Training_at_a_Gym_-_Cable_Crossover.JPG/440px-Personal_Training_at_a_Gym_-_Cable_Crossover.JPG 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="532" /></a><figcaption>Personal trainer working with a client in a fitness center</figcaption></figure> <p>The profession is generally not restricted by the venue, and personal trainers may work in fitness facilities, in their own homes, in client homes, over live video (also called "virtual personal trainers"),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or outdoors. Almost all exercise professionals work in physical fitness facilities, health clubs, and fitness centers located in the amusement and recreation industry or in civic and social organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-bls.gov_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bls.gov-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Personal training is not regulated in any jurisdiction in the United States except for Washington D.C. which adopted registration requirements for personal fitness trainers in February 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some employers, such as gyms, require personal trainers to be certified. However, this is not always the case and some personal trainers can find work without certification. Overall, personal trainers must possess certain skills, such as a passion for fitness and helping others achieve their goals, industry knowledge, leadership, and the ability to communicate effectively with their clients. </p><p>Personal trainers may specialize in a certain training type, training philosophy, performance type, exercise modality, or client population. In general, most personal trainers develop exercise plans for <a href="/wiki/Aerobic_exercise" title="Aerobic exercise">aerobic exercise</a>, <a href="/wiki/Resistance_exercise" class="mw-redirect" title="Resistance exercise">resistance exercise</a>, and/or <a href="/wiki/Flexibility_(anatomy)" title="Flexibility (anatomy)">flexibility</a> training. With aerobic exercise prescription, personal trainers determine the type of exercise, duration of exercise, and frequency of exercise. For resistance exercise prescription, the type of exercise, total session volume, rest period, frequency, and intensity are determined.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Personal trainers may also be involved in the prescription of stretching routines or other approaches. Personal trainers help clients to perform exercises with correct techniques, minimizing the risk of injury. While some discuss nutrition, <a href="/wiki/Ergogenic" class="mw-redirect" title="Ergogenic">ergogenic</a> supplementation, and spiritual practices with clients, there is debate within the industry as to whether it fits within their scope of practice and training qualifications.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accreditation">Accreditation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Accreditation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MARIANA_DE_MELO.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/MARIANA_DE_MELO.JPG/230px-MARIANA_DE_MELO.JPG" decoding="async" width="230" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/MARIANA_DE_MELO.JPG/345px-MARIANA_DE_MELO.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/MARIANA_DE_MELO.JPG/460px-MARIANA_DE_MELO.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption>Personal training outdoors</figcaption></figure> <p>Personal trainer accreditation is a process that provides <a href="/wiki/Certification" title="Certification">certification</a> of competency. Qualification standards for personal trainers vary between countries. Personal trainer accreditation is also viewed as experience in the field with many client testimonials on their achievements working with their personal trainer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International">International</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: International"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The International Confederation of Registers for Exercise Professionals (ICREPs) is an international partnership between registration bodies around the world that register exercise professionals. Member countries conform to the international standards set by ICREPs for personal training (and other exercise education credentials) and are transferable to other member countries. The current members of ICREPs (as of 2019) are: Fitness Australia, NFLA Canada, REPs India, REPs Ireland, REPs New Zealand, REPs Poland, REPs South Africa, REPs United Arab Emirates, USREPs, and IranREPs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Australia, personal trainers may work independently with suitable insurance or choose to be a member of a registering body (Fitness Australia or Physical Activity Australia). The qualifications levels include; Level 1 - Certificate III in Fitness, Level 2 - Certificate IV in Fitness and Level 3 - Diploma of Fitness. These can be obtained from nationally accredited colleges (TAFE, Australian College of Sport & Fitness, Fitness Industry Training, Global Fitness Institute, <a href="/wiki/Australian_Institute_of_Fitness" title="Australian Institute of Fitness">Australian Institute of Fitness</a>, Australian Fitness Academy). Once working in the industry, trainers who are members of associations are also required to complete short courses to obtain <a href="/wiki/Continuing_education_unit" title="Continuing education unit">continuing education credit</a> (CEC) points they need to keep their registration. A minimum of 20 CEC points every two years is required. Many personal trainers also have additional qualifications in weight loss, strength training, kid's fitness, and nutrition, which is in part due to the CEC program. CEC courses can cover a wide variety of topics such as different training techniques, nutrition, exercise styles, health conditions, physiology, lifestyle, and rehabilitation.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Once members obtain their Australian Cert III & IV in Fitness, they can practice nationally. This can be done with this certification and using the Global Portability Matrix.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Global Portability Matrix was designed by ICREPS. This stands for International Confederation of Registers for Exercise Professionals, which allows all members to practice in other countries. Members can train in Belgium, The Netherlands, Hungary, The United Kingdom, Ireland, Lebanon, Poland, The United States, The Caribbean, South Africa, United Arab Emirates, Canada, and New Zealand. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brazil">Brazil</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Brazil"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, personal trainers must have a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> in "Physical Education" (a degree that combines knowledge in the fields of <a href="/wiki/Exercise_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Exercise Science">Exercise Science</a> and <a href="/wiki/Healthcare_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare science">Healthcare science</a>) and be registered with the Conselho Federal de Educação Física (Federal Council of Physical Education), and risk criminal charges if they operate without these two requirements. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Canada"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Canada, the main certifying bodies are Canadian Fitness Education Services (CFES), Canadian Fitness Professionals (CanFit Pro), Certified Personal Trainers Network, the Canadian Society of Exercise Physiology (CSEP), and the National Fitness Leadership Association (NFLA). CSEP requires a diploma or degree in the exercise field, most other organizations require experience and/or workshops to qualify for a credential.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many personal trainers receive a CFES, CanFit Pro, NFLA or an NCCA accredited certification, but there are no certifications required by law. Fitness instruction in Canada is an unregulated industry.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iran">Iran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Iran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Iran, the main certifying bodies are IranREPs and Bodybuilding Federation which these two organizations signed a memorandum of understanding in the beginning of 2019. IranREPs requires a diploma or degree in the exercise field from EuropeActive accredited providers or Sport universities. IranREPs joined the ICREPs in 2020. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In Europe, personal trainers may work independently, but will always need accreditation by one of the main certifying bodies <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as: </p><p><b>EREPS:</b> The European Register of Exercise Professionals (EREPS) is an independent process for the registering of instructors, trainers and teachers working in the European health, fitness and physical activity sector. It is a pan-European system, based on independent national registers, which culminate in a central European database. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>New Zealand has one major registration body for exercise professionals – REPs New Zealand. REPs New Zealand is recognised by both Exercise New Zealand (the industry association) and ICREPs.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>REPs NZ currently have three major registration categories<sup id="cite_ref-reps.org.nz_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reps.org.nz-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>1: Exercise Prescription</i> </p><p><i>2: Group Exercise</i> </p><p><i>3: Yoga Teacher</i> </p><p>To be eligible to register for REPs you need to have one the below options <sup id="cite_ref-reps.org.nz_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reps.org.nz-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>a) Completed an initial qualification from a REPs registered Provider</i> </p><p><i>b) Complete a NZ University Degree with an Exercise focus</i> </p><p><i>c) Hold a NZ Certificate in Exercise 4</i> </p><p><i>d) Hold current registration with an ICREPs partner</i> </p><p>To maintain your REPs registration you will need to <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>a) Renew your registration yearly</i> </p><p><i>b) Keep your CPR and First Aid up to date and valid</i> </p><p><i>c) Complete 10CPD points per year</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the UK, there are several ways to achieve a personal training qualification. Most personal training qualifications are accredited through awarding bodies like Active IQ, Focus Awards, YMCA Awards, VTCT and City and Guilds. These qualifications are generally delivered by <a href="/wiki/Further_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Further Education">Further Education</a> (FE) establishments like colleges, or by private training providers. Upon successful completion of an accredited awarding body qualification, candidates become eligible for CIMSPA Practitioner status. </p><p>There is no legal restriction on the title of Personal Trainer nor any formal body associated with regulating Personal Training. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A number of certifications are available in the U.S., although a number are not accredited. Most require a high school diploma, <a href="/wiki/Cardiopulmonary_resuscitation" title="Cardiopulmonary resuscitation">cardiopulmonary resuscitation</a> (CPR) and <a href="/wiki/Automated_external_defibrillator" title="Automated external defibrillator">automated external defibrillator</a> (AED) certification, and some type of examination.<sup id="cite_ref-bls.gov_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bls.gov-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The United States Registry of Exercise Professionals (USREPS) is the official registry of exercise professionals in the United States and provides clients, employers, healthcare practitioners, policymakers, and insurance providers a single source for finding well-qualified exercise professionals or to verify credentials. </p><p>In the United States, various certifications are available within the fitness industry, although not all are accredited. Most certifications typically require a high school diploma, CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation), AED (automated external defibrillator) certification, and may involve an examination process. </p><p>A 2002 investigation evaluated a random sample of 115 personal trainers using the Fitness Instructors Knowledge Assessment (FIKA) (which measures knowledge in nutrition, health screening, testing protocols, exercise prescription, and special populations). The study described that:<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>70% of those surveyed did not have a degree in any field related to <a href="/wiki/Exercise_science" class="mw-redirect" title="Exercise science">exercise science</a>.</li> <li>Those who did not have a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> in an exercise science-related field scored 31% less on average than those with a bachelor's degree or higher in the field.</li> <li>Those holding one of two specific certifications (the <a href="/wiki/American_College_of_Sports_Medicine" title="American College of Sports Medicine">American College of Sports Medicine</a> (ACSM) or the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA) certification) scored 83% of the questions correctly on average. Those holding any certification other than ACSM or NSCA answered only 38% of the questions correctly.</li> <li>Years of experience was not found to be predictive of personal trainer knowledge.</li></ul> <p>In partnership with the fitness industry, the International Health, Racquet & Sportsclub Association (IHRSA), which represents over 9,000 health and fitness facilities, started an initiative in 2002 to improve standards for both its own clubs and the industry as a whole. In January 2006, IHRSA implemented a recommendation that its facilities only accept personal trainers with certifications recognized by the <a href="/wiki/National_Commission_for_Certifying_Agencies" class="mw-redirect" title="National Commission for Certifying Agencies">National Commission for Certifying Agencies</a> (NCCA) if recognized either by the <a href="/wiki/Council_for_Higher_Education_Accreditation" title="Council for Higher Education Accreditation">Council for Higher Education Accreditation</a> (CHEA) and/or the U.S. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Education" title="United States Department of Education">Department of Education</a> (USDE). As a result, the <a href="/wiki/Distance_Education_Accrediting_Commission" title="Distance Education Accrediting Commission">Distance Education Accrediting Commission</a> (DEAC) was recognized by IHRSA as a recognized accreditor of fitness professional certification organizations. Since then, the DEAC has accredited several personal trainer certification organizations, including the <a href="/wiki/Athletics_and_Fitness_Association_of_America" title="Athletics and Fitness Association of America">Athletics and Fitness Association of America</a> (AFAA) and the <a href="/wiki/International_Sports_Sciences_Association" title="International Sports Sciences Association">International Sports Sciences Association</a> (ISSA) among others. As of now, <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sports_Medicine_(NASM)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM)">NASM</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Sports_Sciences_Association" title="International Sports Sciences Association">ISSA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Athletics_and_Fitness_Association_of_America" title="Athletics and Fitness Association of America">AFAA</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_College_of_Sports_Medicine" title="American College of Sports Medicine">ACSM</a>, ACE, and NSCA certifications are among the 16 accredited certifications recognized by IHRSA, three of which are accredited by the Distance Education Accrediting Commission (DEAC).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Various organizations within the profession have lobbied for the adoption of more stringent criteria for certification developed by the <a href="/wiki/NSF_International" title="NSF International">NSF International</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There remains no national legal restriction on the industry to date except for the District of Columbia (D.C.) which as of February 2014, passed legislation requiring personal fitness trainers to register in that jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Personal Trainers in India must hold an appropriate Certification in Personal Training from respected organizations such as Active IQ, National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM), National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA), National Exercise and Sports Trainer Association (NESTA), National Council on Strength and Fitness (NCSF) and The International Sports Sciences Association(ISSA). Apart from all these International certifications, if one holds any National Skill Qualification Framework Certifications (NSQF Certificates) such as Level 4 Fitness Trainer, Level 5 Personal Fitness Trainer, Level 6 Strength and Conditioning and Diploma in Personal Training from REPS India, will also provide an opportunity to work as a personal trainer in India. Any additional continuing educational courses such as Corrective Exercise Specialist, Special Population Trainer, Weight loss Specialist, Reebok Crossfit, LesMills Bodypump and Yoga Trainer will yield an individual further benefits of salary escalation. To work in India, Personal trainers do not have to register as an Exercise Professional to get employment.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Physical_exercise" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical exercise">Physical exercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_fitness" title="Physical fitness">Physical fitness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_training_instructor" title="Physical training instructor">Physical training instructor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutritionist" title="Nutritionist">Nutritionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_fitness_coach" title="Professional fitness coach">Professional fitness coach</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personal_trainer&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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