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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Облик" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Облик</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg" class=""><span>Направете дарение</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително." class=""><span>Създаване на сметка</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Влизане</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Допълнителни опции" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Лични инструменти" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Лични инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Потребителско меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bg.wikipedia.org&uselang=bg"><span>Направете дарение</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D1%8A%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0&returnto=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Насърчаваме Ви да си създадете сметка и да влезете, въпреки че не е задължително."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Създаване на сметка</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&returnto=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Препоръчваме Ви да влезете, въпреки, че не е задължително. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Влизане</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страници за излезли от системата редактори <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%89:%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Научете повече за редактирането"><span>научете повече</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Списък на промените, направени от този IP адрес [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Приноси</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Дискусия относно редакциите от този адрес [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Беседа</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Съдържание" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Съдържание</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Начало</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-История" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#История"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>История</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-История-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Производство" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Производство"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Производство</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Производство-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Вижте_също" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Вижте_също"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Вижте също</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Вижте_също-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Съдържание" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Скриване/показване на съдържанието" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Скриване/показване на съдържанието</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Цимент</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Към статията на друг език. Налична на 104 езика" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104 езика</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – африканс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африканс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zement" title="Zement – швейцарски немски" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Zement" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарски немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B2%E1%88%9A%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B6" title="ሲሚንቶ – амхарски" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሲሚንቶ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimento" title="Cimento – арагонски" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cimento" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA" title="أسمنت – арабски" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أسمنت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cementu" title="Cementu – астурски" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cementu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – азербайджански" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – башкирски" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zement" title="Zement – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Zement" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cements" title="Cements – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Cements" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semento" title="Semento – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Semento" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цэмент – беларуски" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цэмент" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цэмэнт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цэмэнт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F" title="সিমেন্ট – бенгалски" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিমেন্ট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciment" title="Ciment – каталонски" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciment" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C5%ABi-n%C3%A0%CC%A4" title="Cūi-nà̤ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cūi-nà̤" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%86" title="چیمەنتۆ – кюрдски (централен)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چیمەنتۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="кюрдски (централен)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – чешки" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sment" title="Sment – уелски" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sment" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уелски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – датски" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zement" title="Zement – немски" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zement" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87imentoci" title="Çimentoci – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Çimentoci" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF" title="Τσιμέντο – гръцки" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τσιμέντο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="гръцки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – английски" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento – есперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cemento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="есперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento – испански" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cemento" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsement" title="Tsement – естонски" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tsement" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="естонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zementu" title="Zementu – баски" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zementu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cementu" title="Cementu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cementu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیمان – персийски" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیمان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sementti" title="Sementti – фински" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sementti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciment" title="Ciment – френски" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ciment" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="френски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semint_(boumateriaal)" title="Semint (boumateriaal) – западнофризийски" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Semint (boumateriaal)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroighin" title="Stroighin – ирландски" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Stroighin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento_(construci%C3%B3n)" title="Cemento (construción) – галисийски" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cemento (construción)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siminti" title="Siminti – хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Siminti" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%98" title="צמנט – иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צמנט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="सीमेंट – хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सीमेंट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – хърватски" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siman" title="Siman – хаитянски креолски" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Siman" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="хаитянски креолски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – унгарски" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="унгарски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%91%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BF" title="Ցեմենտ – арменски" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ցեմենտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арменски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semen" title="Semen – индонезийски" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Semen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento – идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cemento" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – исландски" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento – италиански" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cemento" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="セメント – японски" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セメント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sem%C3%A8n" title="Semèn – явански" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Semèn" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="явански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ცემენტი – грузински" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცემენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1si%CC%B1mi%CC%B1nti" title="A̱si̱mi̱nti – туап" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱si̱mi̱nti" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="туап" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – казахски" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%A9%98%ED%8A%B8" title="시멘트 – корейски" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시멘트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – киргизки" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrumen" title="Ferrumen – латински" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ferrumen" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sem%C3%A8nt" title="Semènt – лимбургски" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Semènt" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciment" title="Ciment – ломбардски" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ciment" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ломбардски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cementas" title="Cementas – литовски" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cementas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cements" title="Cements – латвийски" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Cements" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латвийски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simenitra" title="Simenitra – малгашки" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Simenitra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малгашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semen" title="Semen – минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Semen" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – македонски" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="സിമന്റ് – малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിമന്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – монголски" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="सिमेंट – марати" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिमेंट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="марати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simen" title="Simen – малайски" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Simen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="सिमेन्ट – непалски" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सिमेन्ट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement_(bouwmateriaal)" title="Cement (bouwmateriaal) – нидерландски" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cement (bouwmateriaal)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – норвежки (нюношк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежки (нюношк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – норвежки (букмол)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежки (букмол)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%9F" title="ਸੀਮੈਂਟ – пенджабски" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੀਮੈਂਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пенджабски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – полски" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimento" title="Cimento – португалски" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cimento" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simintu" title="Simintu – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Simintu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciment" title="Ciment – румънски" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ciment" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румънски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – руски" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="руски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Сиэмэн – саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сиэмэн" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%B4" title="ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱸᱴ – сантали" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱸᱴ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="сантали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86%D9%BD" title="سيمنٽ – синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سيمنٽ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – сърбохърватски" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сърбохърватски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92" title="සිමෙන්ති – синхалски" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සිමෙන්ති" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="синхалски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement_(stavebn%C3%ADctvo)" title="Cement (stavebníctvo) – словашки" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Cement (stavebníctvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словашки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – словенски" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87imento" title="Çimento – албански" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Çimento" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албански" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – сръбски" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сръбски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – шведски" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saruji" title="Saruji – суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Saruji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88" title="சீமைக்காரை – тамилски" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீமைக்காரை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81" title="సిమెంటు – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సిమెంటు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Семент – таджикски" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Семент" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ซีเมนต์ – тайски" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซีเมนต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semento" title="Semento – тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Semento" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87imento" title="Çimento – турски" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çimento" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%90%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA" title="سېمونت – уйгурски" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سېمونت" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – украински" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украински" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%86%D9%B9" title="سیمنٹ – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیمنٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – узбекски" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_m%C4%83ng" title="Xi măng – виетнамски" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xi măng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="виетнамски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semento" title="Semento – варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Semento" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%97%A8%E6%B1%80" title="水门汀 – ву китайски" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="水门汀" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="水泥 – китайски" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="水泥" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82ng-mn%CC%82g-th%C3%B4%CD%98" title="Âng-mn̂g-thô͘ – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Âng-mn̂g-thô͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%A5" title="紅毛泥 – кантонски" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="紅毛泥" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонски" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q45190#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Редактиране на междуезиковите препратки" class="wbc-editpage">Редактиране</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Именни пространства"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">български</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Прегледи"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=history" title="Предишни версии на страницата [h]" accesskey="h"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Инструменти" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Инструменти</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Инструменти</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">скриване</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Допълнителни опции" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Действия </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82"><span>Преглед</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit" title="Редактиране на страницата [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Редактиране</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit" title="Редактиране на изходния код на страницата [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Редактиране на кода</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=history"><span>История</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Основни </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Списък на всички страници, сочещи насам [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Какво сочи насам</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" rel="nofollow" title="Последните промени на страници, сочени от тази страница [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Свързани промени</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Uploadtext" title="Качи файлове [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Качване на файл</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Списък на всички специални страници [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Специални страници</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&oldid=12006400" title="Постоянна препратка към тази версия на страницата"><span>Постоянна препратка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=info" title="Повече за тази страница"><span>Информация за страницата</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5&page=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&id=12006400&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Информация за начините за цитиране на тази страница"><span>Цитиране на статията</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A6%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582"><span>Кратък URL адрес</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbg.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A6%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582"><span>Изтегляне на QR код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Отпечатване/изнасяне </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82"><span>Създаване на книга</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=show-download-screen"><span>Изтегляне като PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&printable=yes" title="Версия за печат на страницата [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Версия за печат</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> В други проекти </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cement" hreflang="en"><span>Общомедия</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q45190" title="Препратка към свързания обект от хранилището за данни [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Обект в Уикиданни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Облик"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Облик</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">преместване към страничната лента</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">скриване</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bg" dir="ltr"><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-serious" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/40px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/60px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/80px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">За информацията в тази статия или раздел <b>не са <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Уикипедия:Цитиране на източници">посочени източници</a>.</b> Въпросната информация може да е непълна, неточна или изцяло невярна.<br />Имайте предвид, че това може да стане причина за <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8_%D0%B8_%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Уикипедия:Изтриване на страници и файлове">изтриването</a> на цялата статия или раздел.<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Nuvola_apps_important.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/40px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/60px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Nuvola_apps_important.svg/80px-Nuvola_apps_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="othermeaning-box"> <dl><dd><i>Вижте <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_(%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" class="mw-disambig" title="Цимент (пояснение)">пояснителната страница</a> за други значения на <b>Цимент</b>.</i></dd></dl> <hr /></div> <div class="othermeaning-box"> <dl><dd><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Disambig.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/22px-Disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/33px-Disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Disambig.svg/44px-Disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="230" data-file-height="183" /></a></span> <i>Тази статия е за <b>портландцимента</b>.  За други значения вижте <a href="/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_(%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" class="mw-disambig" title="Цимент (пояснение)">Цимент (пояснение)</a>.</i></dd></dl> <hr /></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Portland_Cement_Bags.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Portland_Cement_Bags.jpg/250px-Portland_Cement_Bags.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Portland_Cement_Bags.jpg/375px-Portland_Cement_Bags.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Portland_Cement_Bags.jpg/500px-Portland_Cement_Bags.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1892" data-file-height="1432" /></a><figcaption>Хартиени чували с портландцимент</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Firestop_mortar_mixing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Firestop_mortar_mixing.jpg/250px-Firestop_mortar_mixing.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Firestop_mortar_mixing.jpg/375px-Firestop_mortar_mixing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Firestop_mortar_mixing.jpg/500px-Firestop_mortar_mixing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6291" data-file-height="4725" /></a><figcaption>Изпълнение на мазилка на циментова основа</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Циментът</b> е прахообразен материал, получен от съвместното фино смилане на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Циментов клинкер (страницата не съществува)">циментов клинкер</a> и суров <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Гипс">гипс</a>. Обикновено в строителната практика под „цимент“ се разбира <b>портландцимент</b>, поради факта, че това е най-широко използвания тип цимент. Съществуват и други видове цименти – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Пуцоланов цимент">пуцоланов</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Глиноземен цимент (страницата не съществува)">глиноземен (алуминиев)</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тампонажен цимент (страницата не съществува)">тампонажен</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%97%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Зъболекарски цимент (страницата не съществува)">зъболекарски</a> и други. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="История"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>История</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Редактиране на раздел: История" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: История"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>За първи път циментът е патентован от англичанина <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%84_%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Джоузеф Аспдин (страницата не съществува)">Джоузеф Аспдин</a>, а името „портландцимент“ се дължи на неговия <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B2_%D1%86%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%82" title="Сив цвят">сив цвят</a>, който силно наподобявал цвета на портландския камък, който е добиван на британския остров <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4_(%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Портланд (остров) (страницата не съществува)">Портланд</a> в <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Дорсет">Дорсет</a>, Англия. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Производство"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.B8.D0.B7.D0.B2.D0.BE.D0.B4.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.BE"></span>Производство</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Редактиране на раздел: Производство" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Производство"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Циментът спада към групата на т.нар. хидравлични свързващи вещества т.е. такива, които смесени с вода образуват пластична паста, която е способна да се свързва, втвърдява и да повишава якостта си както във въздушна, така и във водна среда. </p><p>Основните суровини за получаване на цимент са <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Варовик">варовик</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Калциев карбонат">калциев карбонат</a>) и <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Глина">глина</a>. Освен тях може да се използват <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Мергели">мергели</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8_%D1%88%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Глинести шисти">глинести шисти</a> или отпадни продукти със сходен химичен състав, например доменна шлака. Суровините се смилат (най-често в топкови мелници), след което се смесват и хомогенизират. Приблизителното съотношение на изходните суровини при производството на цимент е варовик:глина = 3:1. </p><p>В зависимост от това по какъв начин става смесването на суровините – във водна среда или в сухо състояние, се различават два метода за производство на цимент – <i>мокър</i> и <i>сух</i>. </p> <ul><li>При мокрия метод смесването на суровините става в специални резервоари (шлам басейни), където варовикът, глината и съответното количество вода образуват <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Суспензия">суспензия</a> (шлам).</li> <li>При сухия метод смесването и хомогенизирането на суровините става обикновено по пневматичен начин – чрез въздух под налягане.</li></ul> <p>Предимство на мокрия метод за производство на цимент е възможността за по-добро хомогенизиране на суровинната смес, а недостатък – високият разход на енергия за изпичане на цимента, дължащ се на високото съдържание на вода в шлама. При сухия метод за производство основното предимство е по-ниският разход на енергия, което води до намаляване на себестойността на цимента, тъй като по-голямата част от цената му се формира от горивото, необходимо за изпичането. В България цимент по мокър способ се произвежда в „<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Девня Цимент (страницата не съществува)">Девня Цимент</a>“, а в останалите заводи производството е по сух метод. </p><p>И при двата метода на производство най-често изпичането на цимента става в т.нар. въртящи се пещи. Те представляват наклонени стоманени цилиндри, с дължина 40 – 220 m, които се въртят бавно около надлъжната си ос. По-дългите пещи са характерни за мокрия метод за производство на цимент. Като гориво в пещите се използват <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Природен газ">природен газ</a> или <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%89%D0%B0" title="Въглища">въглища</a>. Разликата при двата вида гориво е, че използването на въглища оказва влияние върху химичния и минерален състав на цимента (поради отделянето на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Пепел">пепел</a> при изгарянето им). Суровинната смес постъпва в пещите откъм високата им страна и под действие на въртенето и собственото си тегло започва да се движи, като преминава последователно през няколко зони на пещта. </p> <ol><li>Първата зона е т.нар. зона на изсушаване, в нея става изпаряването на водата в суровинната смес.</li> <li>Във втората зона (зона на подгряване) става разграждането на суровините – варовикът се разгражда на <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Калциев оксид">калциев оксид</a> (CaO) и <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Въглероден диоксид">въглероден диоксид</a> (CO<sub>2</sub>), а глината на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Силициев диоксид">силициев диоксид</a> (SiO<sub>2</sub>), <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Алуминиев оксид">алуминиев оксид</a> (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) и <a href="/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Железен оксид">железен оксид</a> (Fe<sub>2</sub>0<sub>3</sub>).</li> <li>В третата зона (зона на изпичане) се формира минералният състав на цимента, който се състои основно от следните минерали – <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Алит (страницата не съществува)">алит</a> (3CaO.SiO<sub>2</sub>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Белит (страницата не съществува)">белит</a> (2CaO.SiO<sub>2</sub>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Трикалциев алуминат (страницата не съществува)">трикалциев алуминат</a> (3CaO.Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Целит (страницата не съществува)">целит</a> (4CaO.Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>).</li> <li>В четвъртата зона (зона на охлаждане) формираният минерален състав на материала се запазва чрез бързо понижаване на температурата.</li></ol> <p>В резултат процеса на изпичане в пещите се получава т.нар портландциментов клинкер, който представлява гранулиран материал, с едрина от 2 – 3 mm до 2 – 3 cm. Охладеният клинкер се смила в топкови мелници, съвместно със суров гипс (CaSO<sub>4</sub>.2H<sub>2</sub>0), който служи за регулиране на срока на свързване на цимента. Количеството на суровия гипс се определя индивидуално за всеки цимент, в зависимост от минералния му състав. Обикновено то се движи в рамките на 3 – 4% от масата на цимента. </p><p>Смлян чист <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Клинкер (страницата не съществува)">клинкер</a>, без добавка на суров гипс, се свързва и втвърдява за 1 – 2 минути, като при това втвърденият материал е с влошени механични показатели. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Вижте_също"><span id=".D0.92.D0.B8.D0.B6.D1.82.D0.B5_.D1.81.D1.8A.D1.89.D0.BE"></span>Вижте също</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Редактиране на раздел: Вижте също" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>редактиране</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Вижте също"><span>редактиране на кода</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> В <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Общомедия">Общомедия</a> има медийни файлове относно <span class="interProject"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cement" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cement">Цимент</a></b></span></li></ul> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" 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