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<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>The Angel Roofs of East Anglia: Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages - Michael Rimmer - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Angel_Roofs_of_East_Anglia.html?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Angel_Roofs_of_East_Anglia.html?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ"/><meta name="title" content="The Angel Roofs of East Anglia"/><meta name="description" content="Shortlisted for the East Anglian Book Awards 2016! It has been estimated that over 90% of England's figurative medieval art was obliterated in the image destruction of the Reformation. Medieval angel roofs, timber structures with spectacular and ornate carvings of angels, with a peculiar preponderance in East Anglia, were simply too difficult for Reformation iconoclasts to reach. Angel roof carvings comprise the largest surviving body of major English medieval wood sculpture. Though they areboth masterpieces of sculpture and engineering, angel roofs have been almost completely neglected by academics and art historians, because they are inaccessible, fixed and challenging to photograph. 'The Angel Roofs of East Anglia' is the first detailed historical and photographic study of the region's many medieval angel roofs. It shows the artistry and architecture of these inaccessible and little-studied medieval artworks in more detail and clarity than ever before, and explains how they were made, by whom, and why. Michael Rimmer redresses the scholarly neglect and brings the beauty, craftsmanship and history of these astonishing medieval creations to the reader. The book also offers a fascinating new answer to the question of why angel roofs are so overwhelmingly an East Anglian phenomenon, but relatively rare elsewhere in the country."/><meta property="og:title" content="The Angel Roofs of East Anglia"/><meta property="og:type" content="book"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Books"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE71sZlLMDiCCMvQGatoaiDLMVYcijXdi3zKamarHTo7jlILQdla0MXqYOHwi8uSXQnCuw4RA1aBYcEzdBTefl9v9yaEX1eHsgYbjEi9sGo0GPhDuZr6rSt4YILNyevAOpWJmS1aL"/><link rel="image_src" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE71sZlLMDiCCMvQGatoaiDLMVYcijXdi3zKamarHTo7jlILQdla0MXqYOHwi8uSXQnCuw4RA1aBYcEzdBTefl9v9yaEX1eHsgYbjEi9sGo0GPhDuZr6rSt4YILNyevAOpWJmS1aL"/><script></script><style>#gbar,#guser{font-size:13px;padding-top:1px !important;}#gbar{height:22px}#guser{padding-bottom:7px !important;text-align:right}.gbh,.gbd{border-top:1px solid #c9d7f1;font-size:1px}.gbh{height:0;position:absolute;top:24px;width:100%}@media all{.gb1{height:22px;margin-right:.5em;vertical-align:top}#gbar{float:left}}a.gb1,a.gb4{text-decoration:underline !important}a.gb1,a.gb4{color:#00c !important}.gbi .gb4{color:#dd8e27 !important}.gbf .gb4{color:#900 !important} #gbar { padding:.3em .6em !important;}</style></head><body class=""><div id=gbar><nobr><a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/search?tab=pw">Search</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=pi">Images</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://maps.google.com.sg/maps?hl=en&tab=pl">Maps</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://play.google.com/?hl=en&tab=p8">Play</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.youtube.com/?tab=p1">YouTube</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://news.google.com/?tab=pn">News</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=pm">Gmail</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://drive.google.com/?tab=po">Drive</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 style="text-decoration:none" href="https://www.google.com.sg/intl/en/about/products?tab=ph"><u>More</u> »</a></nobr></div><div id=guser width=100%><nobr><span id=gbn class=gbi></span><span id=gbf class=gbf></span><span id=gbe></span><a target=_top id=gb_70 href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DoVDcDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA7%26dq%3D%2522East%2BAnglia%2522%2B-wikipedia%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX&hl=en&ec=GAZACg" class=gb4>Sign in</a></nobr></div><div class=gbh style=left:0></div><div class=gbh style=right:0></div><div role="alert" style="position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0;"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA7&dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia&hl=en&sa=X&output=html_text" title="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. 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Angel Roofs of East Anglia","subtitle":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages","attribution":"By Michael 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28.13","list_price":"SGD 40.18"},"TocLine":[{"Title":"A Historical Consideration of Angel Roofs","Pid":"PA1","PgNum":"1","Order":16},{"Title":"Photographs","Pid":"PA23","PgNum":"23","Order":38},{"Title":"Maps and Gazetteer Norfolk Suffolk and Cambridgeshire","Pid":"PA104","PgNum":"104","Order":119},{"Title":"Examples of East Anglian Roof Types","Pid":"PA110","PgNum":"110","Order":125},{"Title":"Notes","Pid":"PA115","PgNum":"115","Order":129},{"Title":"Bibliography","Pid":"PA122","PgNum":"122","Order":136},{"Title":"Back cover","Pid":"PA126","PgNum":"126","Order":140}]}},"table_of_contents_page_id":"PR7","max_resolution_image_width":1280,"max_resolution_image_height":1685,"num_toc_pages":1,"quality_info":"We have no quality information about this book.","volume_id":"oVDcDwAAQBAJ","permission_info":"Published by Lutterworth Press","is_ebook":true,"volumeresult":{"has_flowing_text":false,"has_scanned_text":true,"can_download_pdf":false,"can_download_epub":false,"is_pdf_drm_enabled":false,"is_epub_drm_enabled":false},"publisher":"Lutterworth Press","publication_date":"2015.08.27","subject":"Architecture","num_pages":142,"sample_url":"https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026source=gbs_vpt_hover","synposis":"Shortlisted for the East Anglian Book Awards 2016! It has been estimated that over 90% of England's figurative medieval art was obliterated in the image destruction of the Reformation. Medieval angel roofs, timber structures with spectacular and ornate carvings of angels, with a peculiar preponderance in East Anglia, were simply too difficult for Reformation iconoclasts to reach. Angel roof carvings comprise the largest surviving body of major English medieval wood sculpture. Though they areboth masterpieces of sculpture and engineering, angel roofs have been almost completely neglected by academics and art historians, because they are inaccessible, fixed and challenging to photograph. 'The Angel Roofs of East Anglia' is the first detailed historical and photographic study of the region's many medieval angel roofs. It shows the artistry and architecture of these inaccessible and little-studied medieval artworks in more detail and clarity than ever before, and explains how they were made, by whom, and why. Michael Rimmer redresses the scholarly neglect and brings the beauty, craftsmanship and history of these astonishing medieval creations to the reader. The book also offers a fascinating new answer to the question of why angel roofs are so overwhelmingly an East Anglian phenomenon, but relatively rare elsewhere in the country.","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false,"last_page":{"pid":"PA126","order":140,"title":"126"}},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DoVDcDwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA7%26dq%3D%2522East%2BAnglia%2522%2B-wikipedia%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PA7","flags":8,"order":22,"vq":"\u0026quot;East Anglia\u0026quot; -wikipedia"}]},null,{"number_of_results":84,"search_results":[{"page_id":"PP1","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer Foreword by Loyd Grossman L The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e James Clarke \u0026amp; Co. Front cover.","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PP1\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PP2","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e James Clarke \u0026amp; Co and The Lutterworth Press Click on The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e.","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PP2\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PR1","page_number":"i","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e ISBN: 9780718843175 C L Would you like to join our Mailing List? Click here! The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e Unseen Masterpieces of the.","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PR1\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PR3","page_number":"iii","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer L The Lutterworth Press The Lutterworth Press P.O. Box 60 Cambridge CB1 2NT United Title page.","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PR3\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PR5","page_number":"v","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e are examples. L.F. Salzman Building in England (1952) The East Anglian group includes very many fine roofs, in which the length of the wall posts and the common use of the hammer-beam are the most striking features. The\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PR5\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PR6","page_number":"vi","snippet_text":"","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PR6\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PR7","page_number":"vii","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e? 5 How Were Angel Roofs Made? 9 Angel Roof Patterns in \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e When Were Angel Roofs Built? 13 11 Who Made \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u0026#39;s\u003c/b\u003e Angel Roofs? 14 Who Carved the Angels? 15 Colour 17 Angel Depiction and Iconography 18 viii xi xiii\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PR7\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PR11","page_number":"xi","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e where the genre flourished from the late 1390s until the 1530s, at which point the artistically deadening hand of Reformation began to sweep away religious imagery. Amidst the turbulent iconoclasm of the Reformation years\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PR11\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PA1","page_number":"1","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e, the two structures often combine, but rarely anywhere else in the country. Between 1395 and the beginning of the Reformation in the 1530s, several hundred angel roofs were built in England, most of them during the 1400s, a\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PA1\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PA2","page_number":"2","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e, which is traditionally defined as the three counties of Norfolk (26 per cent), Suffolk (29 per cent) and Cambridgeshire (14 per cent). A further 14 per cent are in counties that border the region (Lincolnshire, Bedfordshire\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA3","page_number":"3","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e? Academics and art historians have advanced a range of theories, none of them entirely convincing. We will return to this question shortly. The First Angel Roof The earliest known angel roof is not in \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e, but in\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA4","page_number":"4","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e. Though we marvel at the expertise of craftsmen whose buildings still stand 600 years or more after their completion, it is worth remembering that we do, of course, only see the buildings that have succeeded. Medieval\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA5","page_number":"5","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e? If Richard II\u0026#39;s preoccupation with the projection of royal power explains the first angel roof at Westminster, what is the reason for the subsequent concentration of angel roofs in East Anglian churches and their sparse\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA6","page_number":"6","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e – Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire – have the highest concentration of medieval churches in the world. There are over 650 in Norfolk alone. Such density of church building reflects the fact that in the fourteenth and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA7","page_number":"7","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e and the West Country. \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e also excelled in large-scale constructional carpentry. This is clearly demonstrated by the distribution throughout England of single and double hammer beam roofs – the most complicated and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA8","page_number":"8","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u0026#39;s\u003c/b\u003e angel roofs. Such men travelled within the region, mixing and doing business with others of their class. Hugh atte Fenn, for example, had extensive property interests in Norwich, and used it as a centre for some of his\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA9","page_number":"9","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e? This may be a step too far. But certainly we can show that in 1398, Herland came into contact with East Anglians from exactly the class that would subsequently go on to commission angel and hammer beam roofs, and that he\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA10","page_number":"10","snippet_text":"... like to be kept waiting.34 Nonetheless, it still took almost two years to make the Westminster roof components at the frame in Farnham. Once fashioned, the thousands of pieces would have been 10 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA11","page_number":"11","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e The vast majority of angel roofs in East Anglian churches are pitched (sloping). Pitched roofs allow rain and snow to run off, and, of course, provide added height within the church, drawing the eye upwards to a “heavenly\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA12","page_number":"12","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e. There are good examples of the design type in Norfolk at King\u0026#39;s Lynn, Hockwold, Emneth and Methwold; in Suffolk at Mildenhall, Lakenheath, Badwell Ash and Ufford; and in Cambridgeshire at Landbeach and Soham. Arch-Braced\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA13","page_number":"13","snippet_text":""},{"page_id":"PA14","page_number":"14","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u0026#39;s\u003c/b\u003e angel roofs, however, there is no available evidence to help us assign a precise date of construction. Roof style may perhaps give some guide, but it should not be ... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e Who Made \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u0026#39;s\u003c/b\u003e Angel Roofs?"},{"page_id":"PA15","page_number":"15","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u0026#39;s\u003c/b\u003e elaborate angel roofs sit between the two ends of the spectrum, and somewhat closer to the upper end than to the mid-point; working for roof sponsors who were generally local grandees or nobles, most were masters of design\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA16","page_number":"16","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u0026#39;s\u003c/b\u003e church building boom also drew in craftsmen from overseas. A Robert Mundeford is recorded in 1455 as a carver and an alien. He would seem to have been related to the Dutchman William Mundeford, who came from Utrecht and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA18","page_number":"18","snippet_text":"... The celeb- rations held in the city of London in November 1415 for Henry V\u0026#39;s victory at Agincourt featured heavenly choirs 18 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e Angel Depiction and Iconography The Presence of Angels in Medieval Life."},{"page_id":"PA20","page_number":"20","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e. It was the eastern counties\u0026#39; peculiar misfortune to have a commissioner appointed to oversee the systematic destruction of religious imagery, a man whose name has become synonymous with iconoclasm: William Dowsing. Dowsing\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA22","page_number":"22","snippet_text":"... , which still bears its original colour, remains largely intact, and is amongst the most magnificent in all \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e. A ngel roofs present photographic challenges, light or, when due 22 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA23","page_number":"23","snippet_text":""},{"page_id":"PA26","page_number":"26","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e. A close-up of one of the The twenty-six hammer beam angels in the roof at Westminster Hall bear the arms of Richard II (the lions of England quartered with the fleur-de-lys of France) and are the work of expert figure\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA27","page_number":"27","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 27 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA28","page_number":"28","snippet_text":"... , though those look like the work of a different carver. The colour on this carving dates from the 1950s restoration. St Agnes\u0026#39; roof is a steeply pitched single hammer beam. 28 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Botolph, Banningham, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA29","page_number":"29","snippet_text":""},{"page_id":"PA30","page_number":"30","snippet_text":"... be original. The roof is an arch brace and hammer beam structure; a bequest dates it to 1487. St Agnes, Cawston, Norfolk Opposite Page: One of the most. 30 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Andrew, Burlingham St Andrew, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA32","page_number":"32","snippet_text":"... on the figure is believed to be original. The palette of white, red, green and black is also found in other roofs in the region. The angels in the nave roof at St Martin appear. 32 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Agnes, Cawston, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA33","page_number":"33","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 33 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA34","page_number":"34","snippet_text":"... Ages Michael Rimmer. Another of St Agnes\u0026#39; roof angels (with a height of over 6 feet) stands upright on a hammer beam. A similar structural pattern is found at Mildenhall, Lakenheath, King\u0026#39;s. 34 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA35","page_number":"35","snippet_text":""},{"page_id":"PA36","page_number":"36","snippet_text":"... those in the North Aisle at St Martin, though insufficient, I think, to make them the work of the same carver. St Mary is a Fabergé egg of a church, small-scale,. 36 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Martin, Fincham, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA37","page_number":"37","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 37 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA38","page_number":"38","snippet_text":"... have all been sawn short. The angel roof in the chancel at St Mary is not medieval, but Victorian or later. Other angels at St Nicholas play a variety of musical. 38 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Mary, Gissing, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA40","page_number":"40","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e. Vast and exploding with light, St Nicholas is a spectacular statement of the wealth and confidence of King\u0026#39;s Lynn\u0026#39;s merchant class in the early fifteenth century. Construction was funded by donations from several rich\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA41","page_number":"41","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 41 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA42","page_number":"42","snippet_text":"... of Christ crucified, flanked by Mary and St John. These spanned the chancel arch in churches until the Reformation led to their destruction. The roof angels at St Nicholas are the work of. 42 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA44","page_number":"44","snippet_text":"... hammer posts of the lower tier, and echo the arch braces that underpin the lower set of hammer beams. This figure, a female angel, carries a beauti- fully rendered. 44 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Peter and St Paul, Knapton, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA45","page_number":"45","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 45 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA46","page_number":"46","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e, was erected c. 1405-10. This strongly suggests that St George\u0026#39;s roof dates from some time in the first quarter– or at the outside, the first half (depending on how long the Methwold Master was active) – of the fifteenth\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA48","page_number":"48","snippet_text":"... Swaffham) are made of chestnut, which is softer to work than oak, and much more resistant to insect attack. The hammer beam angels carry the symbols of the Passion,. 48 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e All Saints, Necton, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA50","page_number":"50","snippet_text":"... wall plates, which run along the base of the roof, are heavily ornamented with low relief carvings of demi-angels. St Peter Mancroft was built between 1430 and 1455 on. 50 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Mary, North Creake, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA52","page_number":"52","snippet_text":"... Norwich. The others are St Michael at Plea, St Peter Hungate, St Giles and St Mary Coslany. St Clement, Outwell, close to the border with Cambridgeshire, has. 52 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Peter Mancroft, Norwich, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA53","page_number":"53","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 53 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA54","page_number":"54","snippet_text":"... say that they are by the same hand. Here, an angel carries a soul – shown as a diminutive, praying figure – in a cloth. St Peter\u0026#39;s roof – like that at St Peter Mancroft. 54 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Clement, Outwell, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA58","page_number":"58","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e. A roof angel on the end of a hammer beam. This photograph gives an impression of how roof angels originally interacted with the rood figures that occupied the chancel arch in churches until the Reformation. The rood here is\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA64","page_number":"64","snippet_text":"... fictional fenland church of Fenchurch St Paul in Dorothy L. Sayers\u0026#39; thriller The Nine Tailors (Gollancz, 1934). The roof is a wonderful single hammer beam construction, dating. 64 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Peter, Upwell, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA66","page_number":"66","snippet_text":"... out of line. Above: A hammer beam angel holds a shield on which Judas betrays Christ with a kiss. St Mary Magdalene, Wiggenhall St Mary Magdalene, Norfolk An angel. 66 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Mary, West Walton, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA68","page_number":"68","snippet_text":"... the lower body and the other draped, cloak-like, over the shoulders. Wymondham Abbey, Wymondham, Norfolk Opposite Page: A section of the. 68 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Mary Magdalene, Wiggenhall St Mary Magdalene, Norfolk."},{"page_id":"PA69","page_number":"69","snippet_text":""},{"page_id":"PA74","page_number":"74","snippet_text":"... for the period show that the shot damage was a result of attempts to clear flocks of jackdaws from the church. my John Baret\u0026#39;s cadaver tomb can be seen on the 74 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e Holy Trinity, Blythburgh, Suffolk."},{"page_id":"PA75","page_number":"75","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 75 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA76","page_number":"76","snippet_text":"... behind the decision to award Baret his silver collar of SS for services rendered. Following J.B.L. Tolhurst\u0026#39;s theory, Mortlock (in his Guide to Suffolk 76 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Mary, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk."},{"page_id":"PA77","page_number":"77","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 77 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA78","page_number":"78","snippet_text":"... up of one of the hammer beam angels at. A view along the nave roof at St Mary, showing the alternating angel hammer beams and arch braces. An angel “taperer” at St Mary carries a spiked candlestick,. 78 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA82","page_number":"82","snippet_text":"... south side of the nave roof at St Mary. He is clad in a suit of feathers, like an actor in a medieval pageant or mystery play, and bears a wand and scroll. One of the pair of “king” angels from the west. 82 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA84","page_number":"84","snippet_text":"... elaborately carved arch brace below the upper hammer beam helps to convey force lower down the structure. The All Saints angels\u0026#39; heads and wings are mostly Victorian. 84 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Andrew, Cotton, Suffolk."},{"page_id":"PA85","page_number":"85","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 85 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA88","page_number":"88","snippet_text":"... anachronistic for the sixteenth century – may well have been inspired by Baret\u0026#39;s mid-fifteenth-century roof at St Mary. The roof here was probably endowed by Sir Henry Barton,. 88 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e All Saints, Hawstead,\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA89","page_number":"89","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. 89 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA94","page_number":"94","snippet_text":"... roof. A close-up showing original medieval carvings alongside Henry Ringham\u0026#39;s beautifully carved replacement angels. One of the angels at All Saints carries the nails. 94 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Mary, Woolpit, Suffolk."},{"page_id":"PA97","page_number":"97","snippet_text":""},{"page_id":"PA98","page_number":"98","snippet_text":"... positioned at the ends of the wall posts that run down from the arch braces in the roof. The nave roof of St Andrew, Kimbolton, has no angels,. Hammer post 98 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e St Andrew, Isleham, Cambridgeshire."},{"page_id":"PA99","page_number":"99","snippet_text":"Unseen Masterpieces of the Middle Ages Michael Rimmer. Hammer post Hammer 99 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA102","page_number":"102","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e. The structural pattern is very similar to the group of false double hammer beam roofs found in and around Bacton in Suffolk, and for this reason, Birkin Haward suggested that the roof at St Wendreda may have been made in a\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA104","page_number":"104","snippet_text":""},{"page_id":"PA106","page_number":"106","snippet_text":"... (St Peter and St Paul) Westerfield (St Mary Magdalene) Wetherden (St Mary) Woolpit (St Mary) Worlingworth (St Mary) Cambridgeshire Alconbury (St Peter and St Paul) Buckden (St Mary) 106 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA108","page_number":"108","snippet_text":"... ) Offord Cluny (All Saints) Soham (St Andrew) St Neots (St Mary) Tilbrook (All Saints) Willingham (St Mary and All Saints) 1. The study of England\u0026#39;s many medieval parish churches has 108 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA110","page_number":"110","snippet_text":""},{"page_id":"PA112","page_number":"112","snippet_text":"... hammer post Wall plate with demi-angels Hammer post Arch brace Arch brace Collar beam Wall posts Hammer post Hammer beam Spandrel with fretwork Hammer post Arch brace Wall posts Hammer 112 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA115","page_number":"115","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e at St Mary, Bacton, Suffolk (a fragmentary Judgment scene, with the dead rising from their graves) and at St Ethelbert, Hessett, Suffolk (a fabulous depiction of the seven deadly sins from the 1370s, and a “Sunday Christ\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA116","page_number":"116","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e. The roofs in Somerset and Devon are either barrel vaulted and coffered (a characteristic West Country design) or use tie beams and king posts in an un-East Anglian form. The North Wales roofs follow distinctive Welsh\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA117","page_number":"117","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e for highlighting the likely importance of shipwrights in \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e as a factor in the region\u0026#39;s roof carpentry expertise. 21. Competition is a clear and recurrent theme in surviving medieval building contracts, which often\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA118","page_number":"118","snippet_text":"... Treasures, Norman Adlard \u0026amp; Co., 1937, p. 84; and Paul N. Hasluck (ed.), Manual of Traditional Woodcarving, Dover Publications, 1977. 27. The fifteenth-century building boom – evidenced in the rebuilding 118 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e."},{"page_id":"PA122","page_number":"122","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e and its North Sea World in the Middle Ages, Boydell Press, 2013 Bentley-Cranch, Dana and Marshall, Rosalind K., with Mayer, Edward, Roof Angels of the East Anglian Churches, 2005 (published online at www.roof-angels.org.uk)\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PA122\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PA123","page_number":"123","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e, Central England and Wales, Volume II, Cambridge University Press, 2000 Faleer, Robert A., Church Woodwork in the British Isles, 1100-1535, Scarecrow Press, 2009 Firth, C.H. and Rait, R.S. (eds.), Acts and Ordinances of the\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PA123\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PA124","page_number":"124","snippet_text":"... , Vol. 38, Issue 152, 1987 Zwerger, Klaus, Wood and Wood Joints: Building Traditions in Europe, Japan and China, Birkhäuser, Basle, 2012 It has been estimated that over 90 per cent of 124 The Angel Roofs of \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e.","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=oVDcDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PA124\u0026dq=%22East+Anglia%22+-wikipedia"},{"page_id":"PA126","page_number":"126","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eEast Anglia\u003c/b\u003e, were simply too difficult for Reformation iconoclasts to reach. Angel roof carvings comprise the largest surviving body of major English medieval wood sculpture. Though they are both masterpieces of sculpture and\u0026nbsp;..."}],"search_query_escaped":"\u0026quot;East Anglia\u0026quot; -wikipedia"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>