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CEMS – Středověk (jinak) trvá – Centrum raně středověkých studií – západ, byzanc, islám

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class="elementor-widget-container"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="1701" height="477" src="https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/web.png" class="attachment-full size-full wp-image-1180" alt="" srcset="https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/web.png 1701w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/web-300x84.png 300w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/web-1024x287.png 1024w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/web-768x215.png 768w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/web-1536x431.png 1536w" sizes="(max-width: 1701px) 100vw, 1701px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-42689f0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent" data-id="42689f0" data-element_type="container"> <div class="e-con-inner"> <div class="has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-5b6b13e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="5b6b13e" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-1d1219e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading" data-id="1d1219e" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="heading.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <h1 class="elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default">STŘEDOVĚK (JINAK) TRVÁ</h1> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-5123617 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="5123617" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p>Do monuments belong exclusively to the past? Is it possible to perceive medieval artifacts as a testimony of the “dark ages” or do they give us an insight into the diversity of the surrounding world? And what can they tell us about today’s world here and now? How is history being manipulated and do the humanities and social sciences stand a chance in modern, hyper-technological society? Not only these but also other questions will be presented by art historian Ivan Foletti and archaeologist Jiří Macháček in the new podcast of the Centre for Early Medieval Studies.</p> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-3df4440 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html" data-id="3df4440" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="html.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <iframe src="https://embed.acast.com/62b7226570bde6001389cbbe?bgColor=ffffff&amp;secondaryColor=ff0097&amp;font-family=Roboto&amp;font-src=https%3A%2F%2Ffonts.googleapis.com%2Fcss%3Ffamily%3DRoboto&amp;feed=true" frameborder="0" width="100%" height="380px" bis_size="{&quot;x&quot;:478,&quot;y&quot;:721,&quot;w&quot;:910,&quot;h&quot;:380,&quot;abs_x&quot;:478,&quot;abs_y&quot;:721}" bis_id="fr_n0banlcdc2n4dbslvuzcwx" bis_depth="0" bis_chainid="1"></iframe> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-a6dcd41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="a6dcd41" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>Prof. Ivan Foletti, MA, Docteur ès Lettres</b> studied Art History at Université de Lausanne in Switzerland and received his habilitation in the same field at Masaryk University in Brno. He specializes in the art historiography of Byzantium and the study of the art of Milan, Rome, and Constantinople in the late antique and early medieval periods. In addition, he is interested in using social and anthropological approaches to investigate the impact of the migration period on the development of art in the Mediterranean region. As an invited professor, he taught at the universities of Fribourg, Lausanne, Helsinki, Naples, Padua, Poitiers, Prague, and Venice. He is a head of the Centre for Early Medieval Studies, a research institute at the Seminar of Art History of the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University.</p><p><b>Prof. Mgr. Jiří Macháček, Ph.D.</b> studied archaeology at Masaryk University in Brno. He has held academic fellowships at universities in Vienna, Bamberg, Frankfurt am Main, Göttingen, and Ljubljana. He focuses on the early Middle Ages and the methodology of archaeology. Since 1998 he has been leading research at the Institute of Archaeology and Museology of the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University in the Great Moravian Pohansko near Breclav. He has been involved in many groundbreaking archaeological excavations in recent years, such as the discovery of a bone from the year 600 CE engraved with Old Germanic runes.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-4bd94c6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="4bd94c6" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-6608288 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="6608288" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <p><b>PODCAST IS AVAIBLE ON THE FOLLOWING PLATFORMS:</b></p> </div> </div> <div class="has_eae_slider elementor-element elementor-element-f86f9b1 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child" data-id="f86f9b1" data-element_type="container"> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-061b112 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="061b112" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLRfeyjVJZQnrCDNXDQ6PgiirOuCzI2q_w" target="_blank"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="600" height="171" src="https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/youtube-new-logo.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-1185" alt="" srcset="https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/youtube-new-logo.jpg 600w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/youtube-new-logo-300x86.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-8be975d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="8be975d" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="http://open.spotify.com/show/1mkyUC4irorR5yk9L5vg9S" target="_blank"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="740" height="212" src="https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/GetFile.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-1187" alt="" srcset="https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/GetFile.jpg 740w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/GetFile-300x86.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px" /> </a> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-21974d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image" data-id="21974d5" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="image.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <a href="http://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/st%C5%99edov%C4%9Bk-jinak-trv%C3%A1/id1631" target="_blank"> <img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="228" src="https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/apple-podcasts-scaled-1-1024x292.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-image-1188" alt="" srcset="https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/apple-podcasts-scaled-1-1024x292.jpg 1024w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/apple-podcasts-scaled-1-300x86.jpg 300w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/apple-podcasts-scaled-1-768x219.jpg 768w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/apple-podcasts-scaled-1-1536x439.jpg 1536w, https://earlymedievalstudies.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/apple-podcasts-scaled-1-2048x585.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="elementor-element elementor-element-df26ed0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor" data-id="df26ed0" data-element_type="widget" data-widget_type="text-editor.default"> <div class="elementor-widget-container"> <article><p>We would like to thank the Department of Art History of the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University and the Zezula Auction House for their support.</p></article> </div> 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