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border:1px solid #BBBBBB; width:300px; text-align:center; font-size:85%; margin-left:1em;"> <tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6derationssubjekt" title="Föderationssubjekt">Subjekt</a> der <a href="/wiki/Russland" title="Russland">Russischen Föderation</a> <div style="border:solid #BBBBBB; border-width:1px 0px; width:100%; background:#FFFFFF; font-weight:600;"><span style="font-size:120%">Republik Mari El</span><br /> <span lang="ru-Cyrl" class="Cyrl" style="font-style:normal">Республика Марий Эл</span> (<span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Russische_Sprache" title="Russische Sprache">russisch</a></span>)<br /><span lang="mhr-Cyrl" class="Cyrl" style="font-style:normal">Марий Эл Республик</span> (<span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Mari_(Sprache)#Dialekte_und_Mari-Schriftsprachen" title="Mari (Sprache)">Wiesenmari</a></span>)<br /><span lang="mrj-Cyrl" class="Cyrl" style="font-style:normal">Мары Эл Республик</span> (<span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Mari_(Sprache)#Dialekte_und_Mari-Schriftsprachen" title="Mari (Sprache)">Bergmari</a></span>)</div> <table style="background:inherit; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#F0F0F0">Flagge </th> <th style="background:#F0F0F0">Wappen </th></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_Mari_El.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flagge"><img alt="Flagge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/120px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/180px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Flag_of_Mari_El.svg/240px-Flag_of_Mari_El.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Flagge</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Coat_of_Arms_of_Mari_El.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wappen"><img alt="Wappen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Mari_El.svg/80px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Mari_El.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Mari_El.svg/120px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Mari_El.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Mari_El.svg/160px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Mari_El.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="636" /></a><figcaption>Wappen</figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="toptextcells" style="background:inherit; width:100%; white-space:nowrap; text-align:right;" cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; width:50%; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6derationskreis" title="Föderationskreis">Föderationskreis</a> </td> <td style="width:50%; text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Wolga_(F%C3%B6derationskreis)" title="Wolga (Föderationskreis)">Wolga</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Fl%C3%A4cheninhalt" title="Flächeninhalt">Fläche</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">23.375 <a href="/wiki/Quadratmeter" title="Quadratmeter">km²</a><sup id="cite_ref-flaeche_metadaten_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaeche_metadaten-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">Bevölkerung </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">696.459 Einwohner<br /><small>(Stand: 14. Oktober 2010)</small><sup id="cite_ref-einwohner_aktuell_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-einwohner_aktuell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Bev%C3%B6lkerungsdichte" title="Bevölkerungsdichte">Bevölkerungsdichte</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">30 Einw./km² </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">Hauptstadt </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Joschkar-Ola" title="Joschkar-Ola">Joschkar-Ola</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">Offizielle Sprachen </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Mari_(Volk)" title="Mari (Volk)">Mari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russische_Sprache" title="Russische Sprache">Russisch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">Ethnische<br />Zusammensetzung </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Russen" title="Russen">Russen</a> (45,1 %)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Mari_(Volk)" title="Mari (Volk)">Mari</a> (41,8 %)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Tataren" title="Tataren">Tataren</a> (5,5 %)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Tschuwaschen" title="Tschuwaschen">Tschuwaschen</a> (0,9 %)<br /><small>(Stand: 2010)</small><sup id="cite_ref-ethnien_2010_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnien_2010-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Staatspr%C3%A4sident" title="Staatspräsident">Präsident</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juri_Wiktorowitsch_Sajzew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juri Wiktorowitsch Sajzew (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Juri Sajzew</a> (parteilos) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">Gegründet </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">4. November 1920 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Zeitzone" title="Zeitzone">Zeitzone</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Telefonvorwahl" title="Telefonvorwahl">Telefonvorwahlen</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">(+7) 836xx </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Postleitzahl" title="Postleitzahl">Postleitzahlen</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">424000–425999 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Kfz-Kennzeichen_(Russland)" title="Kfz-Kennzeichen (Russland)">Kfz-Kennzeichen</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">12 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/OKATO" title="OKATO">OKATO</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">88 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2" title="ISO 3166-2">ISO 3166-2</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:RU" title="ISO 3166-2:RU">RU-ME</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F0F0F0; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;">Website </td> <td style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.5em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mari-el.gov.ru/">mari-el.gov.ru</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:inherit; width:299px"><figure class="mw-halign-center noresize 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shape="poly" coords="69,87,67,89,66,89,64,87,62,86,62,84,62,83,63,82,65,79,66,76,67,75,68,74,68,73,68,71,70,71,70,71,73,72,75,73,76,73,79,73,81,75,79,78,77,80,74,81,74,82,74,83,72,85,70,86" alt="Region Perm" title="Region Perm" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Wologda" shape="poly" coords="42,55,41,52,41,51,43,51,46,51,47,48,48,48,50,49,51,52,53,54,54,55,57,58,59,60,59,61,60,62,60,65,59,68,55,66,53,63,51,60,50,60,48,60,46,58,43,56" alt="Oblast Wologda" title="Oblast Wologda" /><area href="/wiki/Republik_Karelien" shape="poly" coords="42,38,44,45,46,45,47,46,49,47,51,49,54,48,54,44,55,43,57,42,58,39,59,37,61,35,61,33,61,31,61,28,59,28,57,31,56,32,50,32,50,35,50,37,50,38,47,38" alt="Republik Karelien" title="Republik Karelien" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Murmansk" shape="poly" coords="59,26,61,31,62,32,63,34,65,37,65,39,66,41,67,41,69,41,72,41,73,40,73,38,73,36,72,32,72,28,72,25,71,23,69,22,66,22,64,24,63,26,60,28" alt="Oblast Murmansk" title="Oblast Murmansk" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Archangelsk" shape="poly" coords="58,41,54,45,54,48,52,50,52,54,55,57,59,60,62,63,65,65,67,65,69,62,68,61,66,60,67,56,67,53,70,53,73,54,74,54,77,54,77,51,76,50,74,48,72,45,78,37,89,39,93,45,97,47,100,44,101,39,104,39,108,38,119,37,121,34,122,32,122,28,123,25,128,9,120,7,111,5,106,8,108,14,113,18,117,20,122,20,124,20,122,29,117,27,107,28,98,30,92,34,90,37,90,39,78,37,72,45,71,42,65,42,64,43,63,43,61,38,59,40" alt="Oblast Archangelsk" title="Oblast Archangelsk" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Kaliningrad" shape="poly" coords="10,34,12,40,17,39,15,33" alt="Oblast Kaliningrad" title="Oblast Kaliningrad" /><area href="/wiki/Sankt_Petersburg" shape="poly" coords="37,41,37,44,41,43,40,40" alt="Sankt Petersburg" title="Sankt Petersburg" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Leningrad" shape="poly" coords="33,40,34,45,39,46,41,50,43,52,44,49,48,48,48,46,46,44,44,44,41,40,41,38,39,37,36,40" alt="Oblast Leningrad" title="Oblast Leningrad" /><area href="/wiki/Tatarstan" shape="poly" coords="55,90,53,88,52,85,51,85,50,84,48,82,50,79,54,79,55,79,58,83,59,85,60,86,58,88,56,90" alt="Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan" /><area href="/wiki/Udmurtien" shape="poly" coords="60,78,57,79,55,82,60,85,60,87,64,85,64,80,65,78,64,78,60,78" alt="Udmurtien" title="Udmurtien" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Kirow" shape="poly" coords="54,70,56,73,51,74,54,77,56,79,56,83,60,79,61,77,64,77,65,78,68,76,68,74,68,72,66,71,61,71,61,69,64,66,64,64,60,65,57,67,57,69,55,70" alt="Oblast Kirow" title="Oblast Kirow" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Kostroma" shape="poly" coords="43,64,48,61,52,63,54,66,57,67,58,67,58,69,56,70,53,70,50,69,48,68,46,66" alt="Oblast Kostroma" title="Oblast Kostroma" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Samara" shape="poly" coords="53,89,52,87,50,87,50,87,48,87,47,86,43,87,43,89,45,93,45,95,48,93,52,90" alt="Oblast Samara" title="Oblast Samara" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Pskow" shape="poly" coords="27,53,32,48,34,43,33,40,30,42,28,44,25,46,25,48,26,52" alt="Oblast Pskow" title="Oblast Pskow" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Twer" shape="poly" coords="30,50,27,53,28,56,30,57,31,58,32,59,34,59,37,60,38,60,39,62,40,60,43,58,43,56,42,54,40,54,37,52,34,52,32,51" alt="Oblast Twer" title="Oblast Twer" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Nowgorod" shape="poly" coords="31,50,32,48,33,45,36,45,40,47,40,49,41,52,41,53,41,54,41,55,37,54,34,53,31,50" alt="Oblast Nowgorod" title="Oblast Nowgorod" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Jaroslawl" shape="poly" coords="39,61,39,64,42,63,45,64,47,61,47,59,45,57,43,56,42,56,40,58" alt="Oblast Jaroslawl" title="Oblast Jaroslawl" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Smolensk" shape="poly" coords="22,60,22,58,24,54,26,52,28,54,29,56,31,58,32,59,31,60,28,60,24,59" alt="Oblast Smolensk" title="Oblast Smolensk" /><area href="/wiki/Moskau" shape="poly" coords="34,62,34,64,36,64,36,62" alt="Moskau" title="Moskau" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Moskau" shape="poly" coords="33,58,30,60,33,63,32,65,33,68,35,69,37,68,38,67,37,66,37,64,39,63,39,61,39,61,38,60,35,59" alt="Oblast Moskau" title="Oblast Moskau" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Wladimir" shape="poly" coords="38,63,37,65,38,66,38,67,37,68,38,70,39,72,42,71,43,70,43,69,42,68,42,66,41,65,40,64" alt="Oblast Wladimir" title="Oblast Wladimir" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Iwanowo" shape="poly" coords="40,63,40,65,41,67,43,69,44,70,46,68,47,68,47,66,46,66,45,65,44,64,43,63,41,64" alt="Oblast Iwanowo" title="Oblast Iwanowo" /><area href="/wiki/Mari_El" shape="poly" coords="56,79,55,77,54,76,53,75,52,75,50,72,47,75,49,76,50,77,50,79,52,79" alt="Mari El" title="Mari El" /><area href="/wiki/Tschuwaschien" shape="poly" coords="45,77,45,79,45,80,47,81,49,80,50,80,51,79,51,78,50,76,50,76,48,76,47,76" alt="Tschuwaschien" title="Tschuwaschien" /><area href="/wiki/Mordwinien" shape="poly" coords="40,74,41,75,41,77,43,77,44,77,45,79,45,81,43,81,41,80,40,79,39,79,38,78,37,76,37,75,40,73" alt="Mordwinien" title="Mordwinien" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Pensa" shape="poly" coords="34,80,35,80,35,76,38,76,39,78,40,80,42,81,42,83,41,86,40,86,38,84,35,82" alt="Oblast Pensa" title="Oblast Pensa" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Nischni_Nowgorod" shape="poly" coords="42,78,41,77,41,74,39,73,40,71,41,71,42,70,44,69,46,69,46,69,48,68,48,68,51,70,52,70,53,70,54,72,55,72,54,72,53,73,52,73,51,74,50,74,49,74,48,75,47,77,47,78,46,78,46,78,45,78,44,78,44,78,43,77,42,77" alt="Oblast Nischni Nowgorod" title="Oblast Nischni Nowgorod" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Uljanowsk" shape="poly" coords="43,88,40,86,43,84,42,81,46,81,47,83,50,84,50,86,48,88,45,86,44,86,44,88,42,88,40,86" alt="Oblast Uljanowsk" title="Oblast Uljanowsk" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Saratow" shape="poly" coords="35,93,35,96,38,95,41,94,44,94,45,92,44,88,41,87,39,85,37,83,35,81,34,80,30,81,30,82,30,83,31,84,32,85,33,86,33,87,33,88,35,90,35,92,36,93" alt="Oblast Saratow" title="Oblast Saratow" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Brjansk" shape="poly" coords="20,60,19,59,18,60,17,61,17,62,17,62,19,64,19,66,19,66,19,66,20,66,22,66,23,65,24,64,24,62,24,61" alt="Oblast Brjansk" title="Oblast Brjansk" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Kaluga" shape="poly" coords="27,60,26,59,25,61,25,64,24,65,28,65,30,65,32,65,32,65,32,64,32,63,31,61,30,61" alt="Oblast Kaluga" title="Oblast Kaluga" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Tula" shape="poly" coords="27,65,27,67,28,69,28,70,29,71,30,70,31,70,32,69,32,68,32,66,32,66,30,66,29,65" alt="Oblast Tula" title="Oblast Tula" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Rjasan" shape="poly" coords="33,69,31,70,31,72,32,72,33,74,35,75,35,75,36,76,38,76,39,74,39,73,39,71,38,69,37,68" alt="Oblast Rjasan" title="Oblast Rjasan" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Orjol" shape="poly" coords="22,66,21,66,21,67,22,68,23,69,24,71,24,72,24,72,26,72,27,70,27,70,27,69,27,67,27,66,25,65,24,66,23,66" alt="Oblast Orjol" title="Oblast Orjol" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Lipezk" shape="poly" coords="29,77,27,74,25,73,26,71,27,70,28,71,30,72,31,73,31,74,30,74,30,76,30,77" alt="Oblast Lipezk" title="Oblast Lipezk" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Woronesch" shape="poly" coords="21,81,22,78,23,77,24,74,25,74,26,75,28,76,29,79,30,81,30,82,29,82,27,81,25,82,24,84,22,84,21,82" alt="Oblast Woronesch" title="Oblast Woronesch" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Belgorod" shape="poly" coords="24,75,21,80,19,78,19,75,18,73,17,72,17,71,19,72,20,73" alt="Oblast Belgorod" title="Oblast Belgorod" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Kursk" shape="poly" coords="23,69,21,67,20,67,18,67,17,70,19,71,22,73,24,75,25,74,25,72,24,69" alt="Oblast Kursk" title="Oblast Kursk" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Tambow" shape="poly" coords="29,77,29,79,31,81,34,80,35,78,36,75,34,74,33,74,32,73,32,73,30,75,29,76" alt="Oblast Tambow" title="Oblast Tambow" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Wolgograd" shape="poly" coords="32,94,32,96,30,95,28,94,25,94,22,94,20,92,21,89,23,89,24,87,25,83,26,82,29,82,30,84,32,86,32,88,33,89,35,92,34,94" alt="Oblast Wolgograd" title="Oblast Wolgograd" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Rostow" shape="poly" coords="22,95,21,92,19,90,21,88,23,89,23,88,24,85,25,84,22,84,21,83,18,83,16,85,16,85,15,86,14,84,12,84,13,87,11,87,11,88,12,89,13,91,13,92,14,94,14,94,17,94,17,96,18,97,18,97" alt="Oblast Rostow" title="Oblast Rostow" /><area href="/wiki/Oblast_Astrachan" shape="poly" coords="26,95,26,98,26,99,27,101,25,102,23,104,24,106,27,107,29,107,30,105,30,105,30,101,29,99,28,97,30,95,29,95" alt="Oblast Astrachan" title="Oblast Astrachan" /><area href="/wiki/Kalm%C3%BCckien" shape="poly" coords="14,95,15,96,16,97,17,97,17,101,19,103,19,105,21,107,21,108,24,107,24,105,24,104,23,103,27,102,27,101,26,97,25,95,22,93,22,96,22,97,20,97,19,97,19,97,18,98,18,97,18,95,16,94" alt="Kalmückien" title="Kalmückien" /><area href="/wiki/Dagestan" shape="poly" coords="12,112,11,113,11,117,12,119,16,119,17,116,18,112,20,109,20,107,19,104,16,106,17,108,17,111,15,111,13,112" alt="Dagestan" title="Dagestan" /><area href="/wiki/Adygeja" shape="poly" coords="6,91,6,93,7,94,5,95,5,96,6,97,8,96,9,94,9,93,7,92" alt="Adygeja" title="Adygeja" /><area href="/wiki/Region_Krasnodar" shape="poly" coords="4,87,4,91,4,96,6,98,8,98,9,98,10,97,11,94,13,94,13,91,13,88,11,87,10,85,7,88" alt="Region Krasnodar" title="Region Krasnodar" /><area href="/wiki/Karatschai-Tscherkessien" shape="poly" coords="5,98,6,103,11,101,10,98" alt="Karatschai-Tscherkessien" title="Karatschai-Tscherkessien" /><area href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkarien" shape="poly" coords="8,102,9,106,11,106,12,106,13,104,11,101" alt="Kabardino-Balkarien" title="Kabardino-Balkarien" /><area href="/wiki/Region_Stawropol" shape="poly" coords="15,96,12,94,11,96,10,98,11,101,12,102,14,105,14,106,16,106,18,104,18,104,18,101,18,98" alt="Region Stawropol" title="Region Stawropol" /><area href="/wiki/Nordossetien-Alanien" shape="poly" coords="11,109,12,108,12,106,13,105,14,106,12,108,13,109,12,110" alt="Nordossetien-Alanien" title="Nordossetien-Alanien" /><area href="/wiki/Inguschetien" shape="poly" coords="8,107,8,106,12,106,12,108,11,109,9,109" alt="Inguschetien" title="Inguschetien" /><area href="/wiki/Tschetschenien" shape="poly" coords="13,112,12,110,14,107,14,106,17,108,17,109,15,111" alt="Tschetschenien" title="Tschetschenien" /></map><figcaption>Lage in Russland</figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="geo noexcerpt" style="display:none"><span class="body"></span><span class="latitude">56.5</span><span class="longitude">48</span><span class="elevation"></span></span><span id="coordinates" class="coordinates plainlinks-print"><span title="Koordinatensystem WGS84">Koordinaten: </span><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mari_El&language=de&params=56.5_N_48_E_dim:100000_region:RU-ME_type:adm1st"><span title="Breitengrad">56° 30′ <abbr title="Nord">N</abbr></span>, <span title="Längengrad">48° 0′ <abbr title="Ost">O</abbr></span></a></span> </p><p>Die <b>Republik Mari El</b> (<span style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Russische_Sprache" title="Russische Sprache">russisch</a></span> <span lang="ru-Cyrl" class="Cyrl" style="font-style:normal">Республика Марий Эл</span>, <a href="/wiki/Mari_(Sprache)#Dialekte_und_Mari-Schriftsprachen" title="Mari (Sprache)">Bergmari</a> <span lang="mrj-Cyrl" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal">Мары Эл Республик</span>, <a href="/wiki/Mari_(Sprache)#Dialekte_und_Mari-Schriftsprachen" title="Mari (Sprache)">Wiesenmari</a> <span lang="mhr-Cyrl" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal">Марий Эл Республик</span>, übersetzt „das Land der Mari“<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) ist eine autonome Republik im östlichen Teil des europäischen <a href="/wiki/Russland" title="Russland">Russland</a>. Sie liegt am Mittellauf der <a href="/wiki/Wolga" title="Wolga">Wolga</a> im Bereich des <a href="/wiki/Tscheboksarsker_Stausee" title="Tscheboksarsker Stausee">Tscheboksarsker Stausees</a> und erstreckt sich zwischen 400 und 800 km östlich von <a href="/wiki/Moskau" title="Moskau">Moskau</a>, etwa auf halbem Weg zum <a href="/wiki/Ural" title="Ural">Ural</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="de" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Inhaltsverzeichnis</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Geographie"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Geographie</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Bevölkerung"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Bevölkerung</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Verwaltungsgliederung_und_Städte"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Verwaltungsgliederung und Städte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Geschichte"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Geschichte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Politik"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Politik</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Wirtschaft"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Wirtschaft</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Weblinks"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Weblinks</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Einzelnachweise"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Einzelnachweise</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geographie">Geographie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Geographie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Geographie"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Bigger_Yalchik,_Health_complex,_June_30_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bigger_Yalchik%2C_Health_complex%2C_June_30_2014.jpg/220px-Bigger_Yalchik%2C_Health_complex%2C_June_30_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bigger_Yalchik%2C_Health_complex%2C_June_30_2014.jpg/330px-Bigger_Yalchik%2C_Health_complex%2C_June_30_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bigger_Yalchik%2C_Health_complex%2C_June_30_2014.jpg/440px-Bigger_Yalchik%2C_Health_complex%2C_June_30_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1442" data-file-height="811" /></a><figcaption>Jaltschik-See, der größte See in Mari El</figcaption></figure> <p>Der größte Teil der Republik liegt nördlich der Wolga, östlich der <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Nischni_Nowgorod" title="Oblast Nischni Nowgorod">Oblast Nischni Nowgorod</a> und nordwestlich von <a href="/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a> und dessen Großstadt <a href="/wiki/Kasan" title="Kasan">Kasan</a>. Im Süden grenzt es an die autonome Republik <a href="/wiki/Tschuwaschien" title="Tschuwaschien">Tschuwaschien</a>, die bereits rechtsseitig der Wolga liegt. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bevölkerung"><span id="Bev.C3.B6lkerung"></span>Bevölkerung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Bevölkerung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Bevölkerung"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Titularnation" title="Titularnation">Titularnation</a> sind die <a href="/wiki/Mari_(Volk)" title="Mari (Volk)">Mari</a>, ein <a href="/wiki/Finno-ugrische_V%C3%B6lker" title="Finno-ugrische Völker">finno-ugrisches Volk</a>, das früher als „Tscheremissen“ bekannt war. Sie sprechen zwei miteinander verwandte Sprachen, <a href="/wiki/Mari_(Sprache)" title="Mari (Sprache)">Berg- und Wiesenmari</a>. Die Mari sind knapp hinter den <a href="/wiki/Russen" title="Russen">Russen</a> die zweitstärkste Volksgruppe der Republik. Nur etwa die Hälfte aller Mari lebt in ihrer Republik. Nebst Mari und Russen sind die <a href="/wiki/Tataren" title="Tataren">Tataren</a> eine weitere bedeutende Nationalität in Mari El. Kleinere Minderheiten sind die <a href="/wiki/Tschuwaschen" title="Tschuwaschen">Tschuwaschen</a> und <a href="/wiki/Ukrainer" title="Ukrainer">Ukrainer</a>. Das Gebiet verzeichnet seit 1989 einen Bevölkerungsschwund. Dieser betrug (1989–2010) 52.873 Personen oder rund 7 %. </p><p>Amtssprachen sind beide Mari-Sprachen sowie <a href="/wiki/Russische_Sprache" title="Russische Sprache">Russisch</a>. Bei der Religion überwiegt die <a href="/wiki/Russisch-Orthodoxe_Kirche" title="Russisch-Orthodoxe Kirche">Russisch-Orthodoxe Kirche</a> (66 Gemeinden), daneben gibt es Anhänger von <a href="/wiki/Ethnische_Religionen" title="Ethnische Religionen">ethnischen Religionen</a> (3 Gemeinschaften), <a href="/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslime</a> (14 Vereinigungen) und <a href="/wiki/Protestantismus" title="Protestantismus">Protestanten</a> (42 Gemeinden). </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Volksgruppe </th> <th colspan="2">VZ 1926 </th> <th colspan="2">VZ 1939 </th> <th colspan="2">VZ 1959 </th> <th colspan="2">VZ 1970 </th> <th colspan="2">VZ 1979 </th> <th colspan="2">VZ 1989 </th> <th colspan="2">VZ 2002 </th> <th colspan="2">VZ 2010 <sup>2</sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Anzahl </th> <th>% </th> <th>Anzahl </th> <th>% </th> <th>Anzahl </th> <th>% </th> <th>Anzahl </th> <th>% </th> <th>Anzahl </th> <th>% </th> <th>Anzahl </th> <th>% </th> <th>Anzahl </th> <th>% </th> <th>Anzahl </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mari_(Volk)" title="Mari (Volk)">Mari</a> <sup>1</sup> </td> <td>247.979 </td> <td>51,4 % </td> <td>273.332 </td> <td>47,2 % </td> <td>279.450 </td> <td>43,1 % </td> <td>299.179 </td> <td>43,7 % </td> <td>306.627 </td> <td>43,5 % </td> <td>324.349 </td> <td>43,3 % </td> <td>312.178 </td> <td>42,9 % </td> <td>290.863 </td> <td>41,8 % </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Russen" title="Russen">Russen</a> </td> <td>210.016 </td> <td>43,6 % </td> <td>266.951 </td> <td>46,1 % </td> <td>309.514 </td> <td>47,8 % </td> <td>320.825 </td> <td>46,9 % </td> <td>334.561 </td> <td>47,5 % </td> <td>355.973 </td> <td>47,5 % </td> <td>345.513 </td> <td>47,5 % </td> <td>313.947 </td> <td>45,1 % </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tataren" title="Tataren">Tataren</a> </td> <td>20.219 </td> <td>4,2 % </td> <td>27.149 </td> <td>4,7 % </td> <td>38.821 </td> <td>6,0 % </td> <td>40.279 </td> <td>5,9 % </td> <td>40.917 </td> <td>5,8 % </td> <td>43.850 </td> <td>5,9 % </td> <td>43.377 </td> <td>6,0 % </td> <td>38.357 </td> <td>5,5 % </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tschuwaschen" title="Tschuwaschen">Tschuwaschen</a> </td> <td>2.184 </td> <td>0,5 % </td> <td>5.504 </td> <td>0,9 % </td> <td>9.065 </td> <td>1,4 % </td> <td>9.032 </td> <td>1,3 % </td> <td>8.087 </td> <td>1,1 % </td> <td>8.993 </td> <td>1,2 % </td> <td>7.418 </td> <td>1,0 % </td> <td>6.025 </td> <td>0,9 % </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainer" title="Ukrainer">Ukrainer</a> </td> <td>86 </td> <td>0,0 % </td> <td>1.805 </td> <td>0,3 % </td> <td>2.728 </td> <td>0,4 % </td> <td>4.563 </td> <td>0,7 % </td> <td>4.454 </td> <td>0,6 % </td> <td>5.344 </td> <td>0,7 % </td> <td>5.097 </td> <td>0,7 % </td> <td>3.601 </td> <td>0,5 % </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche" title="Deutsche">Deutsche</a> </td> <td>36 </td> <td>0,01 % </td> <td>247 </td> <td>0,04 % </td> <td>1.140 </td> <td>0,18 % </td> <td>768 </td> <td>0,11 % </td> <td>527 </td> <td>0,07 % </td> <td>544 </td> <td>0,07 % </td> <td>532 </td> <td>0,07 % </td> <td>399 </td> <td>0,06 % </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Andere </td> <td>1.581 </td> <td>0,3 % </td> <td>4.622 </td> <td>0,8 % </td> <td>6.962 </td> <td>1,1 % </td> <td>10.102 </td> <td>1,5 % </td> <td>9.034 </td> <td>1,3 % </td> <td>10.279 </td> <td>1,4 % </td> <td>13.864 </td> <td>1,9 % </td> <td>43.267 </td> <td>6,2 % </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>Einwohner</b> </td> <td>482.101 </td> <td>100 % </td> <td>579.610 </td> <td>100 % </td> <td>647.680 </td> <td>100 % </td> <td>684.748 </td> <td>100 % </td> <td>704.207 </td> <td>100 % </td> <td>749.332 </td> <td>100 % </td> <td>727.979 </td> <td>100 % </td> <td>696.459 </td> <td>100 % </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;" colspan="17"><sup>1</sup> <small> Mari, Berg- und Wiesenmari (2002 17.715 und 2010 23.502 Bergmari)</small> <sup>2</sup><small> 34.129 Personen konnten keiner Volksgruppe zugeteilt werden. Diese Leute verteilen sich vermutlich anteilmässig gleich wie die ethnisch zugeschiedenen Einwohner.</small><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwaltungsgliederung_und_Städte"><span id="Verwaltungsgliederung_und_St.C3.A4dte"></span>Verwaltungsgliederung und Städte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Verwaltungsgliederung und Städte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Verwaltungsgliederung und Städte"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Yoshkar-Ola_P8122176_2200.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Yoshkar-Ola_P8122176_2200.jpg/220px-Yoshkar-Ola_P8122176_2200.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Yoshkar-Ola_P8122176_2200.jpg/330px-Yoshkar-Ola_P8122176_2200.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Yoshkar-Ola_P8122176_2200.jpg/440px-Yoshkar-Ola_P8122176_2200.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="2200" /></a><figcaption>Joschkar-Ola</figcaption></figure> <div class="hauptartikel" role="navigation"><span class="hauptartikel-pfeil" title="siehe" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation">→ </span><i><span class="hauptartikel-text">Hauptartikel</span>: <a href="/wiki/Verwaltungsgliederung_der_Republik_Mari_El" title="Verwaltungsgliederung der Republik Mari El">Verwaltungsgliederung der Republik Mari El</a></i></div> <p>Die Republik gliedert sich in 14 <a href="/wiki/Rajon" title="Rajon">Rajons</a> und drei <a href="/wiki/Stadtkreis_(Russland)" title="Stadtkreis (Russland)">Stadtkreise</a>. Die Stadtkreise werden gebildet von der Hauptstadt <a href="/wiki/Joschkar-Ola" title="Joschkar-Ola">Joschkar-Ola</a>, der einzigen <a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fstadt" title="Großstadt">Großstadt</a>, sowie den einzigen weiteren Städten mit mehr als 20.000 Einwohnern, <a href="/wiki/Kosmodemjansk" title="Kosmodemjansk">Kosmodemjansk</a> und <a href="/wiki/Wolschsk" title="Wolschsk">Wolschsk</a>. Insgesamt gibt es in der Republik vier <a href="/wiki/Stadt" title="Stadt">Städte</a> und 15 <a href="/wiki/Siedlung_st%C3%A4dtischen_Typs" title="Siedlung städtischen Typs">Siedlungen städtischen Typs</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <caption>Größte Orte </caption> <tbody><tr class="hintergrundfarbe5"> <th>Stadt/Städt. Siedlung </th> <th>Russisch </th> <th>Mari** </th> <th>Einwohner<br /><small>(14. Oktober 2010)</small><sup id="cite_ref-einwohner_aktuell_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-einwohner_aktuell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Joschkar-Ola" title="Joschkar-Ola">Joschkar-Ola</a>*</td> <td><span lang="ru-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Йошкар-Ола</span></td> <td><span lang="mhr-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Йошкар-Ола</span></td> <td>248.782 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Wolschsk" title="Wolschsk">Wolschsk</a>*</td> <td><span lang="ru-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Волжск</span></td> <td><span lang="mhr-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Юлсер-Ола</span></td> <td>55.659 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kosmodemjansk" title="Kosmodemjansk">Kosmodemjansk</a>*</td> <td><span lang="ru-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Козьмодемьянск</span></td> <td><span lang="mhr-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Чыкма</span> (<span lang="mrj-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Цикмӓ</span>)</td> <td>21.257 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Medwedewo_(Mari_El)" title="Medwedewo (Mari El)">Medwedewo</a></td> <td><span lang="ru-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Медведево</span></td> <td><span lang="mhr-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Маскасола</span></td> <td>16.841 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Swenigowo" title="Swenigowo">Swenigowo</a>*</td> <td><span lang="ru-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Звенигово</span></td> <td><span lang="mhr-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Провой</span></td> <td>11.946 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Sowetski_(Mari_El)" title="Sowetski (Mari El)">Sowetski</a></td> <td><span lang="ru-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">Советский</span></td> <td><span lang="mhr-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">У Роҥго</span> (<span lang="mrj-Cyrl" class="Cyrl">У Ронго</span>)</td> <td>10.664 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i>Anmerkungen:</i> * Stadt ** Name auf Ost- oder Wiesenmari; in Klammern, sofern abweichend, auf West- oder Bergmari </p> <div class="sieheauch" role="navigation" style="font-style:italic;"><span class="sieheauch-text">Siehe auch</span>: <a href="/wiki/Liste_der_St%C3%A4dte_in_der_Republik_Mari_El" title="Liste der Städte in der Republik Mari El">Liste der Städte in der Republik Mari El</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Geschichte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Geschichte"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:MariEl03.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/MariEl03.png/250px-MariEl03.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/MariEl03.png/375px-MariEl03.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/MariEl03.png/500px-MariEl03.png 2x" data-file-width="795" data-file-height="511" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Das Gebiet, das die Mari bewohnten, war lange Zeit zwischen dem <a href="/wiki/Khanat_Kasan" title="Khanat Kasan">Khanat Kasan</a> und Russland und somit auch zwischen Islam und russisch-orthodoxer Kirche umstritten. Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts kam es endgültig zu Russland und teilt seither dessen Geschichte. 1936 wurde die <a href="/wiki/ASSR_der_Mari" class="mw-redirect" title="ASSR der Mari">Autonome Sozialistische Sowjetrepublik (ASSR) der Mari</a> gegründet, aus der 1991 die Republik Mari El entstand. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politik">Politik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Politik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Politik"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mari El ist eine Präsidialrepublik. Amtierender Präsident und Regierungschef ist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Alexandrowitsch_Jewstifejew&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Alexandrowitsch Jewstifejew (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Alexander Jewstifejew</a>. Im Parlament, der Staatsversammlung, sind vier Fraktionen vertreten. Es gibt eine kleine Nationalbewegung der <a href="/wiki/Mari_(Volk)" title="Mari (Volk)">Mari</a>. Ihre bedeutendste Partei ist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_Uschem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mari Uschem (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Mari Uschem</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wirtschaft">Wirtschaft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Wirtschaft" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Wirtschaft"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mari El liegt in der dichtbewaldeten Region (<a href="/wiki/Borealer_Nadelwald" title="Borealer Nadelwald">Taiga</a>), 57 % seiner Fläche sind von Wald bedeckt. Einen dementsprechend wichtigen Erwerbszweig stellt die <a href="/wiki/Forstwirtschaft" title="Forstwirtschaft">Forstwirtschaft</a> dar. Andere Industriezweige sind der Maschinenbau und die Elektrotechnik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Weblinks" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&action=edit&section=7" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Weblinks"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div><b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mari_El?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Republik Mari El</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikivoyage"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div><b><a href="https://de.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Mari_El" class="extiw" title="voy:Mari El">Wikivoyage: Mari El</a></b> – Reiseführer</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gov.mari.ru/">Offizielle Website der Republik Mari El</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&action=edit&section=8" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-flaeche_metadaten-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-flaeche_metadaten_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Administrativno-territorialʹnoe delenie po subʺektam Rossijskoj Federacii na 1 janvarja 2010 goda (Administrativ-territoriale Einteilung nach Subjekten der Russischen Föderation zum 1. Januar 2010).</i> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/doc_2010/demo.pdf">Download</a> von der Website des Föderalen Dienstes für staatliche Statistik der Russischen Föderation)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-einwohner_aktuell-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-einwohner_aktuell_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-einwohner_aktuell_2-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Ergebnisse der allrussischen Volkszählung 2010. Band 1. Anzahl und Verteilung der Bevölkerung).</i> Tabellen <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol1/pub-01-05.pdf">5</a>, S. 12–209; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/perepis2010/croc/Documents/Vol1/pub-01-11.pdf">11</a>, S. 312–979 (Download von der Website des Föderalen Dienstes für staatliche Statistik der Russischen Föderation)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ethnien_2010-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-ethnien_2010_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/per-itog/tab7.xls"><i>Nacional'nyj sostav naselenija po sub"ektam Rossijskoj Federacii.</i></a> (XLS) In: <i>Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda.</i> Rosstat,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 30. Juni 2016</span> (russisch, <i>Ethnische Zusammensetzung der Bevölkerung nach Föderationssubjekten</i>, Ergebnisse der Volkszählung 2010).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AMari+El&rft.title=Nacional%27nyj+sostav+naselenija+po+sub%22ektam+Rossijskoj+Federacii&rft.description=Nacional%27nyj+sostav+naselenija+po+sub%22ektam+Rossijskoj+Federacii&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fnew_site%2Fpopulation%2Fdemo%2Fper-itog%2Ftab7.xls&rft.publisher=Rosstat&rft.language=ru"> </span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hanka Kliesch: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oei.fu-berlin.de/media/publikationen/boi/boi_17/07_kliesch.pdf"><i>Zur sprachlichen Situation in der Republik Mari El</i>.</a> (PDF; 209 kB) 2001, S. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r246413598">.mw-parser-output .webarchiv-memento{color:var(--color-base,#202122)!important}</style><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120601173256/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/per-itog/tab7.xls">Bevölkerung der russischen Gebietseinheiten nach Nationalität 2010.</a> (<a href="/wiki/Web-Archivierung#Begrifflichkeiten" title="Web-Archivierung"><span class="webarchiv-memento">Memento</span></a> des <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r235239667">.mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-position:center right;background-repeat:no-repeat}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a4/OOjs_UI_icon_external-link-ltr-progressive.svg")!important;background-size:10px;padding-right:13px!important}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a,body.skin-monobook .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/MediaWiki_external_link_icon.svg")!important;padding-right:13px!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output .dewiki-iconexternal>a{background-image:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Link-external-small-ltr-progressive.svg")!important;background-size:0.857em;padding-right:1em!important}</style><span class="dewiki-iconexternal"><a class="external text" href="https://redirecter.toolforge.org/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fnew_site%2Fpopulation%2Fdemo%2Fper-itog%2Ftab7.xls">Originals</a></span> vom 1. Juni 2012 im <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></i>) <small class="archiv-bot"><span class="wp_boppel noviewer" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="i"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Pictogram_voting_info.svg/15px-Pictogram_voting_info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Pictogram_voting_info.svg/23px-Pictogram_voting_info.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Pictogram_voting_info.svg/30px-Pictogram_voting_info.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></span></span></span> <b>Info:</b> Der Archivlink wurde automatisch eingesetzt und noch nicht geprüft. Bitte prüfe Original- und Archivlink gemäß <a href="/wiki/Benutzer:InternetArchiveBot/Anleitung/Archivlink" title="Benutzer:InternetArchiveBot/Anleitung/Archivlink">Anleitung</a> und entferne dann diesen Hinweis.</small><span style="display:none"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://IABotmemento.invalid/http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/per-itog/tab7.xls">@1</a></span><span style="display:none"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/per-itog/tab7.xls">@2</a></span><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vorlage:Webachiv/IABot/www.gks.ru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vorlage:Webachiv/IABot/www.gks.ru (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Vorlage:Webachiv/IABot/www.gks.ru</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/MS_Excel" class="mw-redirect" title="MS Excel">MS Excel</a>) Zeilen 566–576 (russisch)</span> </li> </ol> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r248673343">.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame{border-width:1px;border-style:solid;border-left-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);border-right-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);border-top-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);border-bottom-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);clear:both;font-size:95%;margin-top:1.5em;min-height:0;padding:2px;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output div.NavPic{float:left;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output div.NavHead{background-color:var(--dewiki-hintergrundfarbe5);font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame:after{clear:both;content:"";display:block}.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame+div.NavFrame,.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame+link+div.NavFrame,.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame+style+div.NavFrame{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .NavToggle{float:right;font-size:x-small}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .NavPic span[typeof="mw:File"] img{background-color:#c8ccd1}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .NavPic span[typeof="mw:File"] img{background-color:#c8ccd1}}</style><div class="NavFrame navigation-not-searchable" role="navigation"> <div class="NavPic"><span class="nomobile noviewer" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_Russia.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flagge der Russischen Föderation"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/50px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/75px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/100px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div> <div class="NavHead"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6derationssubjekt" title="Föderationssubjekt">Föderationssubjekte</a> <a href="/wiki/Russland" title="Russland">Russlands</a></div> <div class="NavContent"> <div class="centered" style="display: table"> <p><b>Republiken: </b> <a href="/wiki/Adygeja" title="Adygeja">Adygeja</a> | <a href="/wiki/Republik_Altai" title="Republik Altai">Altai</a> | <a href="/wiki/Baschkortostan" title="Baschkortostan">Baschkortostan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Burjatien" title="Burjatien">Burjatien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Chakassien" title="Chakassien">Chakassien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Dagestan" title="Dagestan">Dagestan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Inguschetien" title="Inguschetien">Inguschetien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Kabardino-Balkarien" title="Kabardino-Balkarien">Kabardino-Balkarien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Kalm%C3%BCckien" title="Kalmückien">Kalmückien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Karatschai-Tscherkessien" title="Karatschai-Tscherkessien">Karatschai-Tscherkessien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Republik_Karelien" title="Republik Karelien">Karelien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Republik_Komi" title="Republik Komi">Komi</a> | <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mari El</a> | <a href="/wiki/Mordwinien" title="Mordwinien">Mordwinien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Nordossetien-Alanien" title="Nordossetien-Alanien">Nordossetien-Alanien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sacha" title="Sacha">Sacha (Jakutien)</a> | <a href="/wiki/Tatarstan" title="Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Tschetschenien" title="Tschetschenien">Tschetschenien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Tschuwaschien" title="Tschuwaschien">Tschuwaschien</a> | <a href="/wiki/Tuwa" title="Tuwa">Tuwa</a> | <a href="/wiki/Udmurtien" title="Udmurtien">Udmurtien</a> </p><p><b>Regionen (<a href="/wiki/Kraj#Russland" title="Kraj">Krai</a>): </b> <a href="/wiki/Region_Altai" title="Region Altai">Altai</a> | <a href="/wiki/Region_Chabarowsk" title="Region Chabarowsk">Chabarowsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Region_Kamtschatka" title="Region Kamtschatka">Kamtschatka</a> | <a href="/wiki/Region_Krasnodar" title="Region Krasnodar">Krasnodar</a> | <a href="/wiki/Region_Krasnojarsk" title="Region Krasnojarsk">Krasnojarsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Region_Perm" title="Region Perm">Perm</a> | <a href="/wiki/Region_Primorje" title="Region Primorje">Primorje</a> | <a href="/wiki/Region_Stawropol" title="Region Stawropol">Stawropol</a> | <a href="/wiki/Region_Transbaikalien" title="Region Transbaikalien">Transbaikalien</a> </p><p><b>Gebiete (<a href="/wiki/Oblast" title="Oblast">Oblast</a>): </b> <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Amur" title="Oblast Amur">Amur</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Archangelsk" title="Oblast Archangelsk">Archangelsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Astrachan" title="Oblast Astrachan">Astrachan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Belgorod" title="Oblast Belgorod">Belgorod</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Brjansk" title="Oblast Brjansk">Brjansk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Irkutsk" title="Oblast Irkutsk">Irkutsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Iwanowo" title="Oblast Iwanowo">Iwanowo</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Jaroslawl" title="Oblast Jaroslawl">Jaroslawl</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Kaliningrad" title="Oblast Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Kaluga" title="Oblast Kaluga">Kaluga</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Kemerowo" title="Oblast Kemerowo">Kemerowo</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Kirow" title="Oblast Kirow">Kirow</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Kostroma" title="Oblast Kostroma">Kostroma</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Kurgan" title="Oblast Kurgan">Kurgan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Kursk" title="Oblast Kursk">Kursk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Leningrad" title="Oblast Leningrad">Leningrad</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Lipezk" title="Oblast Lipezk">Lipezk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Magadan" title="Oblast Magadan">Magadan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Moskau" title="Oblast Moskau">Moskau</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Murmansk" title="Oblast Murmansk">Murmansk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Nischni_Nowgorod" title="Oblast Nischni Nowgorod">Nischni Nowgorod</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Nowgorod" title="Oblast Nowgorod">Nowgorod</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Nowosibirsk" title="Oblast Nowosibirsk">Nowosibirsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Omsk" title="Oblast Omsk">Omsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Orenburg" title="Oblast Orenburg">Orenburg</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Orjol" title="Oblast Orjol">Orjol</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Pensa" title="Oblast Pensa">Pensa</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Pskow" title="Oblast Pskow">Pskow</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Rjasan" title="Oblast Rjasan">Rjasan</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Rostow" title="Oblast Rostow">Rostow</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Sachalin" title="Oblast Sachalin">Sachalin</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Samara" title="Oblast Samara">Samara</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Saratow" title="Oblast Saratow">Saratow</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Smolensk" title="Oblast Smolensk">Smolensk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Swerdlowsk" title="Oblast Swerdlowsk">Swerdlowsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Tambow" title="Oblast Tambow">Tambow</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Tjumen" title="Oblast Tjumen">Tjumen</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Tomsk" title="Oblast Tomsk">Tomsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Tscheljabinsk" title="Oblast Tscheljabinsk">Tscheljabinsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Tula" title="Oblast Tula">Tula</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Twer" title="Oblast Twer">Twer</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Uljanowsk" title="Oblast Uljanowsk">Uljanowsk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Wladimir" title="Oblast Wladimir">Wladimir</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Wolgograd" title="Oblast Wolgograd">Wolgograd</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Wologda" title="Oblast Wologda">Wologda</a> | <a href="/wiki/Oblast_Woronesch" title="Oblast Woronesch">Woronesch</a> </p><p><b>Städte mit Subjektstatus: </b> <a href="/wiki/Moskau" title="Moskau">Moskau</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sankt_Petersburg" title="Sankt Petersburg">Sankt Petersburg</a> </p><p><b>Autonome Oblaste: </b> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCdische_Autonome_Oblast" title="Jüdische Autonome Oblast">Jüdische Autonome Oblast</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Autonomer_Kreis" title="Autonomer Kreis">Autonome Kreise</a>: </b> <a href="/wiki/Autonomer_Kreis_der_Chanten_und_Mansen/Jugra" title="Autonomer Kreis der Chanten und Mansen/Jugra">Chanten und Mansen/Jugra</a> | <a href="/wiki/Autonomer_Kreis_der_Jamal-Nenzen" title="Autonomer Kreis der Jamal-Nenzen">Jamal-Nenzen</a> | <a href="/wiki/Autonomer_Kreis_der_Nenzen" title="Autonomer Kreis der Nenzen">Nenzen</a> | <a href="/wiki/Autonomer_Kreis_der_Tschuktschen" title="Autonomer Kreis der Tschuktschen">Tschuktschen</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="hintergrundfarbe1 rahmenfarbe1 navigation-not-searchable normdaten-typ-g" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; clear: left; margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:1em; padding: 0.25em; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" id="normdaten"> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;"> <div> Normdaten (Geografikum): <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="plainlinks-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Letzte_%C3%84nderungen" title="Liste der letzten Änderungen in Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Letzte Änderungen</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt" title="Kontaktmöglichkeiten"><span>Kontakt</span></a></li><li id="n-sitesupport" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_de.wikipedia.org&uselang=de" title="Unterstütze uns"><span>Spenden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Werkzeuge</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Linkliste/Mari_El" title="Liste aller Seiten, die 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mari_El&action=show-download-screen"><span>Als PDF herunterladen</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mari_El&printable=yes" title="Druckansicht dieser Seite [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Druckversion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In anderen Projekten</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mari_El" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Mari_El" hreflang="de"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5446" title="Link zum verbundenen Objekt im Datenrepositorium [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-Datenobjekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In anderen Sprachen</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republik_Mari_El" title="Republik Mari El – Aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Republik Mari El" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A5%D9%84" title="ماري إل – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماري إل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84" title="مارى ال – Ägyptisches Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مارى ال" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Ägyptisches Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Aserbaidschanisch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84" title="ماری ال – Südaserbaidschanisch" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ماری ال" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="Südaserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марий Эл – Baschkirisch" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Марий Эл" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baschkirisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марый Эл – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марый Эл" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марый Эл – Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Марый Эл" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%95%D0%BB" title="Марий Ел – Bulgarisch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Марий Ел" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariy_El" title="Mariy El – Bretonisch" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mariy El" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marij_El" title="Marij El – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Marij El" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марий Эл – Russisches Burjatisch" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Марий Эл" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russisches Burjatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%AD_El" title="Marí El – Katalanisch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Marí El" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Min Dong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Min Dong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марий Эл – Tschetschenisch" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Марий Эл" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tschetschenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respublika_Mariy-El" title="Respublika Mariy-El – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Respublika Mariy-El" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariy_El" title="Mariy El – Krimtatarisch" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Mariy El" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krimtatarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijsko" title="Marijsko – Tschechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Marijsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Мари Эл – Tschuwaschisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мари Эл" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tschuwaschisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Walisisch" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Walisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republikken_Marij_El" title="Republikken Marij El – Dänisch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Republikken Marij El" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF_%CE%95%CE%BB" title="Μαρί Ελ – Griechisch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαρί Ελ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Englisch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariio" title="Mariio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mariio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari-El" title="Mari-El – Spanisch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mari-El" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marimaa" title="Marimaa – Estnisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Marimaa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84" title="ماری ال – Persisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماری ال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marin_tasavalta" title="Marin tasavalta – Finnisch" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Marin tasavalta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marimaa" title="Marimaa – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Marimaa" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9publique_des_Maris" title="République des Maris – Französisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="République des Maris" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Französisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Nordfriesisch" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Nordfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Westfriesisch" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Westfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mair%C3%AD_El" title="Mairí El – Irisch" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mairí El" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Gagausisch" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagausisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rep%C3%BAblica_dos_Maris" title="República dos Maris – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="República dos Maris" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El_Khiung-f%C3%B2-koet" title="Mari El Khiung-fò-koet – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mari El Khiung-fò-koet" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%9C" title="מארי אל – Hebräisch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מארי אל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%B2" title="मरी ऍल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मरी ऍल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marij_El" title="Marij El – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Marij El" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Obersorbisch" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Obersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marif%C3%B6ld" title="Mariföld – Ungarisch" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mariföld" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB_%D4%B7%D5%AC" title="Մարի Էլ – Armenisch" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարի Էլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marialaq" title="Marialaq – Inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Marialaq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repubblica_dei_Mari" title="Repubblica dei Mari – Italienisch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Repubblica dei Mari" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="マリ・エル共和国 – Japanisch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マリ・エル共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98-%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მარი-ელი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მარი-ელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марий Эл – Kasachisch" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Марий Эл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kasachisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%90_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="마리옐 공화국 – Koreanisch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마리옐 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Мариму – Komi-Permjakisch" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Мариму" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permjakisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Мари Эл – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Мари Эл" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Марий Эл Республикасы – Kirgisisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Марий Эл Республикасы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Latein" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_de_Mari_El" title="Republica de Mari El – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Republica de Mari El" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republega_de_Mari" title="Republega de Mari – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Republega de Mari" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari%C5%B3_Respublika" title="Marių Respublika – Litauisch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Marių Respublika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litauisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijela" title="Marijela – Lettisch" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Marijela" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марий Эл – Ostmari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Марий Эл" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Ostmari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98_%D0%95%D0%BB" title="Мариј Ел – Mazedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мариј Ел" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Mazedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Мари Эл – Mongolisch" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мари Эл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B2" title="मारी एल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मारी एल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%AD%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Мары Эл Республик – Bergmari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Мары Эл Республик" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Bergmari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Malaiisch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Маринь Республикась – Ersja-Mordwinisch" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Маринь Республикась" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Ersja-Mordwinisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ماری ال جمهوری – Masanderanisch" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ماری ال جمهوری" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Niederdeutsch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niederdeutsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Niederländisch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Niederländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Norwegisch (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Norwegisch (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republica_dels_Maris" title="Republica dels Maris – Okzitanisch" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Republica dels Maris" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Okzitanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari-El" title="Mari-El – Olonetzisch" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Mari-El" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Olonetzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марий Эл – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Марий Эл" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Polnisch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84" title="ماری ال – Westliches Panjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ماری ال" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Westliches Panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%DB%90%D9%84_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="ماري اېل جمهوريت – Paschtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ماري اېل جمهوريت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paschtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Portugiesisch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Rumänisch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марий Эл – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Марий Эл" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB" title="Марий Эл – Jakutisch" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Марий Эл" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Jakutisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Schottisch" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schottisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_d%C3%A1ssev%C3%A1ldi" title="Mari dásseváldi – Nordsamisch" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Mari dásseváldi" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Nordsamisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Serbokroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbokroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marijsko" title="Marijsko – Slowakisch" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Marijsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowakisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marij_El" title="Marij El – Slowenisch" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Marij El" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slowenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Albanisch" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98_%D0%95%D0%BB" title="Мариј Ел – Serbisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мариј Ел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_%C3%89l" title="Mari Él – Sundanesisch" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mari Él" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marij_El" title="Marij El – Schwedisch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Marij El" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Schwedisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Suaheli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suaheli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%80_%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="மாரீ எல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாரீ எல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5" title="สาธารณรัฐมารีเอล – Thailändisch" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สาธารณรัฐมารีเอล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailändisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marij_El" title="Marij El – Talisch" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Marij El" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Türkisch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Türkisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%98%D0%BB" title="Мари Ил – Tatarisch" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мари Ил" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%AD%D0%BB_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Марий Эл Республика – Udmurtisch" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Марий Эл Республика" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurtisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89" title="مارى – Uigurisch" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مارى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uigurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%95%D0%BB" title="Марій Ел – Ukrainisch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Марій Ел" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%84" title="ماری ال – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ماری ال" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariy_El" title="Mariy El – Usbekisch" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mariy El" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Usbekisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marii_Elan_Tazovaldkund" title="Marii Elan Tazovaldkund – Wepsisch" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Marii Elan Tazovaldkund" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Wepsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Vietnamesisch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="马里埃尔共和国 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="马里埃尔共和国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98-%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="მარი-ელი – Mingrelisch" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მარი-ელი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="马里埃尔共和国 – Chinesisch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="马里埃尔共和国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mari_El" title="Mari El – Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Mari El" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%9F%83%E7%88%BE" title="馬里埃爾 – Kantonesisch" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬里埃爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5446#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Links auf Artikel in anderen Sprachen bearbeiten" class="wbc-editpage">Links bearbeiten</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 21. 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