CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91e9e592d90acdf6',cH: 'Qbl4FSDXcXB_H8K_FHl0fw9CKsfCJiUk3Zpzrm48Clo-1741683996-1.2.1.1-Pr4dBSSCqjuE8pyNx9g6nWjSmsY0qC1EcO6DcY38apM1BvP0sgHY8hOp6YJYaovP',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Ancil%20Kirk&__cf_chl_tk=6kpM6o9e6qiMr11Ub6ZR8rLb2LxrtgJ4KEGcviB20Do-1741683996-1.0.1.1-YooigXOR7pDwdIOxFV91pezlLZPeHMFraTRGaYeVBxM",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1741683996',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Ancil%20Kirk&__cf_chl_f_tk=6kpM6o9e6qiMr11Ub6ZR8rLb2LxrtgJ4KEGcviB20Do-1741683996-1.0.1.1-YooigXOR7pDwdIOxFV91pezlLZPeHMFraTRGaYeVBxM",md: "W8qu7ctyMgjbxy273DHj_R5mSHPNaG4FeaO8zXgxcBk-1741683996-1.2.1.1-BS7mBMplnffUWUygKqvRsqMTPMfX0x3kUSJu_4xiJ_qFa0z4M540fYuPGij1KvmT3fFHgFNDQj4u6fXMGTmU049E.XxXAX3w2h1XwCU3Q31hsvEtmev2tpjK0i6dlxUUohHFDL1cyj8.EBjWjiDZ1mafEIXQ55tCl3Phr4OI40x6aNTWHJMBQuacpyt2hZ5SF939jazpWWpVb.olil9UPs560u4saefLltPOLAV5CZaAXgzxKNNtjAMqw38XnLXRVF_JA6NwgIw6D49jVcv8Qaymh46VbSPFQw9faGjIRnTWBfJ_RD9JZHzZBs33d467MzQl26UcOcPTE8wuXgti1WZx7Td8XGwlyvivFG5owDPiahvbxeXwS6aI_EGAoU0rNFeYMeY2wkyCm9UxSzrIpCbgFOr2B67UsAbJdDf2fHtyn57lzg_m552yPt5R1nDRdimsg.8.detKSx3fuGfFJEqNFyf4VIVqMZL858YOqbZga7YNR9ijnlcTAazeDzh6mppPb61AWz7HMC4Z3abLU50fz1kXRDMkBnHp2nOAtkQ89GWAltY_sIPswWlm2N.tNKvz5DR_0s4hPSKX0VZwlVr6WbLCT..6Q1BqRMQfkc6nYqjducUzwAuWdKszoPhKJmgt0fls0VY0jWnF3GznBqVWR135xgQKy3450yeQ3mb_mazqI9rBKRzLrfYaODXor0lCt6sSSrYnff.jzwoFJhiziI89PVxQWWWkRNk9xK3yHYb8HgQGd0ToqspkagUSg0GEYx8fpt1WVkdzPtNSTwHOyVBam3RWODmpMZor3RuPARCIxR84.EGLuHlYi.SgpXWUG5wcDxGYpbLv7.E.SNUXEiDnL8DlmP_1YLP2.dUajAzobOyV2bNbiUGtJ6j5cO5TWAWUxzKdty7jXmb4i.7eNU9nTjHn5wf2IGfFXchuZg9v_bk.1Teqv8yOiIHN39_vwdbp2gsgBcUlqNMmRynoIkp7ZQeor.cMntbLROUkb8FutGPL.jM4Mt3tQV7es4TemMKp8MjY81EumEzd7zKzCvGKlp8zQrmzfED5OCRjQmOlKvUajbcHWu2acn5hmorLeypbKB09xH7D.jn8NKifM34gKEx9No3iyaj8MqIe1oBS4wugJe0U1SN4.oFI_zSMi7.fkhhL4GN1C1BIXP_YZ9sYLemNKisNuLyGFoABRXTFJqeKHDqPQrNem036tjvXCByr4lfRm5zGneyRjsmaHwVhiTcYYPjmX4Rq.cq.Ohn21LS51eV7kDQFQiZHV6RRGZhrXsxuyjqx6X3gQw",mdrd: ".owSXnP91aYacIlbJdFhZLVDfjngg3YuFyplOcmyB3g-1741683996-1.2.1.1-E2nhIVVUfMNT3w3Eo9Pzp39Owx1T_l1ZMpqcopuZsv_Bx5irmf.dzeyuGzNxbyRXTKasw_JBPTv.NJk9JSEtl9OQitAF.Sjbh2VkvIanJfy9p.K3hJ5yMjnHY5XQQnEqOfCEXl1X9Ctg_tdkJOjadbWRVgKnWam82GZQhW1wJk70VXJRX.jJ4awlCO_pVdM6EhZRF4E_uBjzmfA8FrYww17EO8qxPuK.TSqyBR.rJdOyy8.ubI2z9uQBXg.gttUjPWxcafxDlf6Q5dvhVl8U30w1H1qV23r2NlDSi2WbczxluevScUBFGnWaI8SQo4SeH2rxwNHFexguAR1HEdjwjjpidrCPv1QLKOFaH.h1LIEwqYb80MBu_Fa4OG9M37VxHwoYIMgBzOTrWTgPTPV1SL10e7ld3N2yGlhntZFoBrX4E3HY9ibHWopQ.7fTBfu.eeokW6CYDcb8SmnxH_wmYeMmjgpYhZ0Kh0EHLnM2rDYIJCN0YB2b6GRkNV9wlAR5BRbMqn1gMbEY05r9QdGtGAoXyh8pISOD_lwA_.tG8lJkgLed4IxJYkM46OCJvUmutplvOeO5bFTUQlbyVW4L3jm2uQAJDAnTg4se4.5dZNFlkm0mF2xQTHT0jgkuyxZ10RFOnVJcRGzUWt6RMXpPFrwMr3Yuwn3SlqWG1KtJvmbYiqjk1CBcLxSfUJ6veDAX337fa3Z1_tVmdeVBrIe8EsTFITiB7BXIwviHgjl8amkQIVOyoq3dxNRtxiQ26QCyIeGqNLCYgHYLPVpU8pPT0FksHeo0KRcndZyxpf_pJwLSUZ8RCqNi2gzTOHxBxwRMC0knPcgyN21gBJ0HmkIChE97Vi8m8kTVrdPh9Donjzz3wpHSqPCOWs_fU6fgoSfbT1xkthwdk61H_kDnwIMnNyaMU7ZTv1I7VqTdyXOcNQiy9lF8WO1EwuSoLZVKotTNZBm5VwVPfpPsMgaCZHgnfW4RSRghZzSO8UGbXrqZGnXsNUINTzStFwWnZgd4LNCFfAm3U3tQxFbaIl00yxbtEzQTrPA_hewWGe1B9gFVNEiWpCqQG77FEE3G71tycvUiaHRFl8GqprMK6_tS8OxvRz18Wg51_fQQJpJNW0UbnNXehQ988Uxjb.7ES5WgPsaNEdvsVjhSf7qh9m6268SZMS.mfwcPU5R0WedlGKEqtykbEafgC6315mBxRwuPG5GNPKqphG8E9FzKwXk96A4Ms2wdicpgFwQND7V23sj74vdCznxCIYT6Lc.niiKGbinQpnWB4Azi33kjPxqDEA7Lx3HYm5gJ1WjGkxnoAtHuk6OnuGoruLKC80k4SdVUsX3hvl_QRh8iHjydWJX.zbBbvlR9v0A8UwvDy7PVJg2PyJO16qCOcw7_wpcsJQvZjcFzkaS8HnbEx_f9PAXCBEDo_wUfh0hCIOcPjIX5KItdmoP7R1bZIO40Mu56NuVqy83OTo2pPV.nMFOmiltKbvEtQNkC__70DtEUojHpMKfJ.e.mTCSx1IjNj3E8uFc5q6_XeuHgLPNoNeHk32wg8WBNObttaySOo5x6Rgo0lSebUSlHp8mBmx_Y6jpafCw5MWSG7Dl5KxfW4YKVbPEDH5faKWnKs_etIoyL6ksvxJE2U5uT.hd4qohSGaU5y0uyTNTxdCa1EBfHr835Qp9JPuv9kUUTB0Zzx6qChaRz5rwiTXmh2LS3Z861_.M0e03HDu.F9m0j8q3z0E0_YPLTaGlFj.rgGrNxOitYcE5ze2UniD6jYsHo2l5zJ57.l.LEBLUa7mXpMbCBSrs_gUSjRX1BbfngW3oDl9rhqXkmgGY9ixAmjnG3P0P694rDh8CbVSfPXsVXg5BzHh7h0ALSOVEkvpjWcUWEePeoadOreWXezx1NU9S4cXk1rW9rjPwZDBSwOGt4Iye8AOd7uNHQ18_UQmvkyssCnZ72TJQiN.7fhTzqRnqxqnWup177y2wISxhiJG11EMlAc5R90Bo4qyOwFg"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91e9e592d90acdf6';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Ancil%20Kirk&__cf_chl_rt_tk=6kpM6o9e6qiMr11Ub6ZR8rLb2LxrtgJ4KEGcviB20Do-1741683996-1.0.1.1-YooigXOR7pDwdIOxFV91pezlLZPeHMFraTRGaYeVBxM" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>