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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-First_Princes_of_the_Blood,_1465–1830" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_Princes_of_the_Blood,_1465–1830"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span><i>First Princes of the Blood</i>, 1465–1830</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_Princes_of_the_Blood,_1465–1830-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Madame_la_Princesse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madame_la_Princesse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span><i>Madame la Princesse</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madame_la_Princesse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monsieur_le_Duc" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monsieur_le_Duc"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span><i>Monsieur le Duc</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monsieur_le_Duc-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Madame_la_Duchesse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madame_la_Duchesse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span><i>Madame la Duchesse</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madame_la_Duchesse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monsieur_le_Comte" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monsieur_le_Comte"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span><i>Monsieur le Comte</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monsieur_le_Comte-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Madame_la_Comtesse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madame_la_Comtesse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span><i>Madame la Comtesse</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madame_la_Comtesse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Madame_la_Princesse_Douairière" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madame_la_Princesse_Douairière"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span><i>Madame la Princesse Douairière</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madame_la_Princesse_Douairière-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legitimised_royal_offspring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legitimised_royal_offspring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Legitimised royal offspring</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legitimised_royal_offspring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Orléans-Longueville" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Orléans-Longueville"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Orléans-Longueville</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Orléans-Longueville-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADncipe_de_sangre" title="Príncipe de sangre – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Príncipe de sangre" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princ_kr%C3%A1lovsk%C3%A9_krve" title="Princ královské krve – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Princ královské krve" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prins_af_blodet" title="Prins af blodet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Prins af blodet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prinz_von_Gebl%C3%BCt" title="Prinz von Geblüt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prinz von Geblüt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADncipe_de_sangre" title="Príncipe de sangre – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Príncipe de sangre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_du_sang" title="Prince du sang – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Prince du sang" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADncipe_de_sangue" title="Príncipe de sangue – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Príncipe de sangue" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%88%ED%86%B5%EC%B9%9C%EC%99%95" title="혈통친왕 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="혈통친왕" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_du_sang" title="Prince du sang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Prince du sang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principe_del_sangue" title="Principe del sangue – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Principe del sangue" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prins_van_den_bloede" title="Prins van den bloede – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Prins van den bloede" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ksi%C4%85%C5%BC%C4%99_krwi" title="Książę krwi – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Książę krwi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADncipe_de_sangue" title="Príncipe de sangue – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Príncipe de sangue" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Принц крови – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Принц крови" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_du_sang" title="Prince du sang – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Prince du sang" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95" title="เจ้าชายสืบสายพระโลหิต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เจ้าชายสืบสายพระโลหิต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Принц крові – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Принц крові" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_du_sang" title="Prince du sang – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" 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data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_Sang&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince du Sang">Prince du Sang</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Legitimate descendant of a sovereign</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Prince of the blood" redirects here. For the novel by Raymond E. Feist, see <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_the_Blood_(novel)" title="Prince of the Blood (novel)">Prince of the Blood (novel)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crown_of_a_Prince_of_the_Blood_of_France_(variant).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Crown_of_a_Prince_of_the_Blood_of_France_%28variant%29.svg/240px-Crown_of_a_Prince_of_the_Blood_of_France_%28variant%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Crown_of_a_Prince_of_the_Blood_of_France_%28variant%29.svg/360px-Crown_of_a_Prince_of_the_Blood_of_France_%28variant%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Crown_of_a_Prince_of_the_Blood_of_France_%28variant%29.svg/480px-Crown_of_a_Prince_of_the_Blood_of_France_%28variant%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="328" data-file-height="155" /></a><figcaption>Heraldic <a href="/wiki/Coronet#Kingdom_of_France" title="Coronet">coronet</a> of a <i>prince du sang</i> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_France" title="Kingdom of France">Kingdom of France</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <i><b>prince du sang</b></i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[pʁɛ̃s<span class="wrap"> </span>dy<span class="wrap"> </span>sɑ̃]</a></span>) or prince of the blood is a person legitimately descended in <a href="/wiki/Patrilineality" title="Patrilineality">male line</a> from a sovereign. The female equivalent is <i>princess of the blood</i>, being applied to the daughter of a prince of the blood. The most prominent examples include members of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_French_monarchs" title="List of French monarchs">French royal line</a>, but the term <i>prince of the blood</i> has been used in other families more generally, for example among the <a href="/wiki/British_royal_family" title="British royal family">British royal family</a> and when referring to the <a href="/wiki/Shinn%C5%8Dke" title="Shinnōke">Shinnōke</a> in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>. </p><p>In some European kingdoms, especially France, this appellation was a specific rank in its own right, with a more restricted use than other titles. In France, such rank recognised succession to the throne, should the main male royal line fail, as with the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a> succeeded by the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:auto;border-spacing:0; padding:0"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of pre-revolutionary Kingdom of France"><img alt="Coat of arms of pre-revolutionary Kingdom of France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg/150px-Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg/225px-Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg/300px-Grand_Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_France_%26_Navarre.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1190" data-file-height="1585" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="color:#2B3AFF; font-size:150%"><a href="/wiki/Ancien_r%C3%A9gime" title="Ancien régime">Ancien Régime</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#2B3AFF; color:#FFE21D"> Structure</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="background:#EBF2FF"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Estates_of_the_realm" title="Estates of the realm">Estates of the realm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Officers_of_the_Crown_of_France" title="Great Officers of the Crown of France">Great Officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maison_du_Roi" title="Maison du Roi">Maison du Roi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estates_General_(France)" title="Estates General (France)">Estates General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Notables" title="Assembly of Notables">Assembly of Notables</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_lands_of_France" title="Crown lands of France">Crown lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_France" title="Provinces of France">Provinces</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parlement" title="Parlement">Parlements</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Taille" title="Taille">Taille</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gabelle" title="Gabelle">Gabelle</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manorialism" title="Manorialism">Seigneurial system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_peasants" title="French peasants">Peasantry</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding:0 5px"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" title="Template:Ancien Régime"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" title="Template talk:Ancien Régime"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancien Régime"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Under the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">House of Capet</a> of France, the monarchy was <a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">feudal</a>, and the younger sons and grandsons of kings did not have rights or precedence based on their royal descent. Feudal titles determined rank. Under <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_France" title="Philip II of France">Philip Augustus</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Burgundy" title="Duke of Burgundy">Duke of Burgundy</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_France" title="Peerage of France">peer</a> of France, could be reckoned to be mightier than the <a href="/wiki/Counts_of_Dreux" title="Counts of Dreux">Count of Dreux</a>, a "<a href="/wiki/Baron" title="Baron">baron</a> of the second rank", even though the latter was a paternal cousin of the king, while the former was only a distant <a href="/wiki/Agnate" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnate">agnate</a>. In the feudal era, the agnates of the king held no special status, because agnatic primogeniture had not yet received its sanction as the law governing the succession to the French throne. </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">Valois</a> succession, the agnates of the king, being "capable of the crown", rose in prominence. New peerages were created for the king's agnates, and for a long time this continued to be so, before the peerage was extended to non-royalty. Over time, the dignity of a peer, which was feudal in nature, and the dignity of a prince of the blood, which was dynastic in nature, clashed. Non-royal peers and princes of the blood who were peers constantly competed for precedence. As the royal line contracted, each prince of the blood gained greater prominence. Finally, in 1576, King <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_France" title="Henry III of France">Henry III of France</a> issued an <a href="/wiki/Edict" title="Edict">edict</a>, to counter the growing power of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Guise" title="House of Guise">House of Guise</a>, which made the princes of the blood supreme over the peerage, and amongst themselves, the closer in the line of succession would outrank the more distant, without regard to the actual title that they held. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="As_a_rank">As a rank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: As a rank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In France, the rank of <i>prince du sang</i> was the highest held at <a href="/wiki/Court_(royal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Court (royal)">court</a> after the immediate family of the king during the <i><a href="/wiki/Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancien Régime">ancien régime</a></i> and the <a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">Bourbon Restoration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-spanheim_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spanheim-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rank of <i>prince du sang</i> or <i>princesse du sang</i> was restricted to legitimate <a href="/wiki/Patrilineality" title="Patrilineality">agnates</a> of the Capetian dynasty who were not members of the <a href="/wiki/Fils_de_France" title="Fils de France">immediate family of the king</a>. Originating in the 14th century, male <i>princes du sang</i> came to be recognized as entitled to seats on the <i><a href="/wiki/Conseil_du_roi" class="mw-redirect" title="Conseil du roi">Conseil du Roi</a></i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Parlement_of_Paris" title="Parlement of Paris">Parlement de Paris</a></i>, to precedence above all <a href="/wiki/French_peerage" class="mw-redirect" title="French peerage">peers</a> and to precedence among each other according to their respective places in the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_succession" title="Order of succession">order of succession</a>. </p><p>During the last century of the reign of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a>, when religious strife brought forth rivals for the throne, <i>prince du sang</i> became restricted in use to refer to dynasts who were distant members of the royal family (i.e., those who were not children or grandchildren in the male line of a French king and, as such, entitled to specific, higher rank of their own as <i>enfants</i> and <i>petits-enfants de France</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-spanheim_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spanheim-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In theory, the princes of the blood included all members of the <a href="/wiki/Capetian_dynasty" title="Capetian dynasty">Capetian dynasty</a>. In practice, only the agnatic descendants of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_IX" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Louis IX">Saint Louis IX</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">Valois</a> and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">Bourbons</a>, were acknowledged as <i>princes du sang</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-spanheim_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spanheim-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> France's kings, for instance, refused to recognize the <a href="/wiki/Capetian_House_of_Courtenay" title="Capetian House of Courtenay">Courtenay</a> Capetians as princes of the blood. The Courtenays descended in legitimate male-line from <a href="/wiki/Louis_VI_of_France" title="Louis VI of France">King Louis VI</a>, but had become impoverished, minor nobles over the centuries. Their repeated petitions for recognition to the Bourbon rulers were in vain. When the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Montmartre" title="Treaty of Montmartre">Treaty of Montmartre</a> was concluded in 1662, declaring the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lorraine" title="House of Lorraine">House of Lorraine</a> to be heirs to the French throne in the event of extinction of the Bourbons, the Courtenays protested, requesting substitution of the phrase "the royal house issued in legitimate male line from the kings of France" to no avail. In 1715 Louis-Charles de Courtenay, his son Charles-Roger and his brother Roger were once again rebuffed in their attempt to seek recognition of their status. Roger, <i>abbé</i> de Courtenay, was the last male of the family, dying on 5 May 1733, and his sister Hélène de Courtenay, marquise de Bauffremont (1689–20 June 1768), obtained no redress when she appealed to the king in 1737 after the <a href="/wiki/Parlement_of_Paris" title="Parlement of Paris">Parlement of Paris</a> ordered the term "princesse du sang royal de France" deleted from court documents. </p><p>Even a <a href="/wiki/Cadet_branch" title="Cadet branch">cadet branch</a> of the Bourbon line, the Bourbon-Carencys, who were most distantly related to the <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Bourbon#Peerage" title="Duke of Bourbon">Dukes of Bourbon</a>, were denied princely rank and excluded from the <i>Conseil du Roi</i> until their extinction in 1530. They descended from <a href="/wiki/John,_Lord_of_Carency" title="John, Lord of Carency">Jean</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_lords_and_princes_of_Carency#House_of_Bourbon-Carency_(14th–16th_centuries)" title="List of lords and princes of Carency">seigneur de Carency</a> (1378–1457), the youngest son of <a href="/wiki/John_I,_Count_of_La_Marche" title="John I, Count of La Marche">Jean I de Bourbon, Count of La Marche</a>. </p><p>Since 1733, all legitimate male Capetians were of the House of Bourbon, of the Vendôme branch, descended from <a href="/wiki/Charles,_Duke_of_Vend%C3%B4me" title="Charles, Duke of Vendôme">Charles, Duke of Vendôme</a>. Charles' eldest son <a href="/wiki/Antoine_of_Navarre" title="Antoine of Navarre">Antoine, King of Navarre</a>, was the ancestor of the royal dynasties of France and Spain, and of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Orléans</a>, while his youngest son <a href="/wiki/Louis,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_(1530%E2%80%931569)" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis, Prince of Condé (1530–1569)">Louis, Prince of Condé (1530–1569)</a>, was the ancestor of the <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Princes of Condé">House of Condé</a>. A cadet branch of the Condés was the <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Conti" title="Princes of Conti">House of Conti</a>, who in male line descended of <a href="/wiki/Henri,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_(1588%E2%80%931646)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri, Prince of Condé (1588–1646)">Henri, Prince of Condé (1588–1646)</a>. </p><p>In an edict of July 1714, Louis XIV declared his legitimized sons, the Duke of Maine and Count of Toulouse, to be <i>princes du sang</i> and accorded them rights of succession to the French throne following all other <i>princes du sang</i>. Though the <i>Parlement de Paris</i> refused to register the decree, the king exercised his right to compel registration by conducting a <i><a href="/wiki/Lit_de_justice" title="Lit de justice">lit de justice</a></i>. The edict was revoked and annulled on 18 August 1715 by the <i>Parlement</i> on the authority of the regent after the king's death. As a chancellor of Louis XIV had warned, a king could only produce princes of the blood with the queen.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Styles">Styles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Styles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Those who held this rank were usually styled by their main <a href="/wiki/Peerage_of_France" title="Peerage of France">ducal peerage</a>, but sometimes other titles were used, indicating a more precise status than <i>prince du sang</i>. </p><p>The most senior princes used specific styles such as <i>monsieur le prince</i> or <i>monsieur le duc</i>, whereas the junior princes used the style <i><a href="/wiki/Monseigneur" title="Monseigneur">monseigneur</a></i> followed by their noble title, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Philippe,_Duke_of_Montpensier" title="Antoine Philippe, Duke of Montpensier">monseigneur le duc de Montpensier</a></i>. The style <a href="/wiki/Serene_Highness" title="Serene Highness">Serene Highness</a> (<i>altesse sérénissime</i>) was used in writing only. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monsieur_le_Prince"><i>Monsieur le Prince</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Monsieur le Prince"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Monsieur le Prince</i> was the style of the <b>First Prince of the Blood</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">premier prince du sang</i>), which normally belonged to the most senior (by <a href="/wiki/Primogeniture" title="Primogeniture">primogeniture</a>) male member of the royal dynasty who was not in the present kings line, neither a <i><a href="/wiki/Fils_de_France" title="Fils de France">fils de France</a></i> ("son of France", i.e. of the King or the <a href="/wiki/Dauphin_of_France" title="Dauphin of France">Dauphin</a>") nor a <i><a href="/wiki/Fils_de_France#Petit-fils_de_France" title="Fils de France">petit-fils de France</a></i> ("grandson of France", son of a <i>fils de France</i>). As his descent from a prior monarch went back generations, in practice, it was not always clear who was entitled to the rank and thus succession to the throne should the main line fail, and it often took a specific act of the king to make the determination.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The rank carried with it various privileges, including the right to a household paid out of state revenues. The rank was held for life: the birth of a new, more senior prince who qualified for the position did not deprive the current holder of his use of the style.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Prince_de_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince de Condé">Princes of Condé</a> used the style of <i>Monsieur le Prince</i> for over a century (1589–1709). The right to use the style passed to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Orléans</a> in 1709; however, they seldom if ever used it. The title should theoretically have passed in 1752 to <a href="/wiki/Prince_Philip,_Duke_of_Calabria" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Philip, Duke of Calabria">Prince Philip, Duke of Calabria</a>, the first great-grandson of the <a href="/wiki/Louis,_Grand_Dauphin" title="Louis, Grand Dauphin"><i>Grand Dauphin</i></a> that was neither a <i>fils de France</i> nor a <i>petit-fils de France</i>; however, <a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a> left the title to the House of Orléans rather than to the Spanish branch of the Bourbons, which had renounced its right to succeed to the French throne by the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Utrecht" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Utrecht">Treaty of Utrecht</a>. This meant that <a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_II,_Duke_of_Orleans" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orleans">Louis Philippe</a>, duke of Orleans in the late 18th century, was the First Prince of the Blood immediately before the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, entitling him to sit on various bodies, such as the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Notables#1787_assembly" title="Assembly of Notables">1787 Assembly of Notables</a>, which he used as a platform to advocate liberal reforms.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_Princes_of_the_Blood,_1465–1830"><span id="First_Princes_of_the_Blood.2C_1465.E2.80.931830"></span><i>First Princes of the Blood</i>, 1465–1830</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: First Princes of the Blood, 1465–1830"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.4em; text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Prince </th> <th rowspan="2">Became Prince </th> <th colspan="2">Ceased to be Prince </th> <th rowspan="2">Relation to Previous Prince </th> <th rowspan="2">Relation to Monarch </th> <th rowspan="2">Monarch </th></tr> <tr> <th>Date </th> <th>Reason </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="font-weight:normal"><b><a href="/wiki/Louis_XII" title="Louis XII">Louis II</a></b><hr /><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois-Orl%C3%A9ans" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Valois-Orléans"><b>House of Valois-Orléans</b></a> <i><b>Other titles</b></i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Duke of Orléans">Duke of Orléans</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Valois" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Valois">Duke of Valois</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Counts_of_Blois" title="Counts of Blois">Count of Blois</a> </li></ul> </div> </th> <td rowspan="2">1465 </td> <td rowspan="2">7 April 1498 </td> <td rowspan="2">Became King of France </td> <td rowspan="2">– </td> <td>2nd Cousin </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_XI" title="Louis XI">Louis XI</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2nd Cousin once removed </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_VIII_of_France" title="Charles VIII of France">Charles VIII</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal"><b>Francis</b><hr /><b><a href="/wiki/Valois-Angoul%C3%AAme" class="mw-redirect" title="Valois-Angoulême">House of Valois-Angoulême</a></b> <b><i>Other titles</i><br /></b><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Brittany" title="List of monarchs of Brittany">Duke of Brittany</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Valois" class="mw-redirect" title="Duke of Valois">Duke of Valois</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Counts_and_Dukes_of_Angoul%C3%AAme" title="Counts and Dukes of Angoulême">Count of Angoulême</a> </li></ul> </div> </th> <td>7 April 1498 </td> <td>1 January 1515 </td> <td>Became King of France </td> <td colspan="2">1st Cousin once removed </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_XII" title="Louis XII">Louis XII</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV,_Duke_of_Alen%C3%A7on" title="Charles IV, Duke of Alençon"><b>Charles IV</b></a><hr /><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois"><b>House of Valois-Alençon</b></a> <b><i>Other titles</i><br /></b><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Counts_and_dukes_of_Alen%C3%A7on" title="Counts and dukes of Alençon">Duke of Alençon</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Lords,_counts_and_dukes_of_Perche" title="Lords, counts and dukes of Perche">Count of Perche</a> </li></ul> </div> </th> <td>1 January 1515 </td> <td>11 April 1525 </td> <td>Died </td> <td colspan="2">5th Cousin once removed </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Francis_I_of_France" title="Francis I of France">Francis I</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Charles_III,_Duke_of_Bourbon" title="Charles III, Duke of Bourbon">Charles III</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon-Montpensier" title="House of Bourbon-Montpensier">House of Bourbon-Montpensier</a><br /><i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Bourbon" title="Duke of Bourbon">Duke of Bourbon</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Auvergne" title="List of rulers of Auvergne">Duke of Auvergne</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counts_and_dukes_of_Montpensier" title="List of counts and dukes of Montpensier">Count of Montpensier</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Clermont-Ferrand" title="Clermont-Ferrand">Count of Clermont</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td>11 April 1525 </td> <td>6 May 1527 </td> <td>Died </td> <td>7th Cousin </td> <td>7th Cousin once removed </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Charles_III,_Duke_of_Bourbon" title="Charles III, Duke of Bourbon">Charles</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/Bourbon-Vend%C3%B4me" title="Bourbon-Vendôme">House of Bourbon-Vendôme</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counts_and_dukes_of_Vend%C3%B4me" title="List of counts and dukes of Vendôme">Duke of Vendôme</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td>6 May 1527 </td> <td>25 March 1537 </td> <td>Died </td> <td>7th Cousin once removed </td> <td>8th Cousin </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Antoine_of_Navarre" title="Antoine of Navarre">Antione</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/Bourbon-Vend%C3%B4me" title="Bourbon-Vendôme">House of Bourbon-Vendôme</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Navarrese_monarchs" title="List of Navarrese monarchs">King of Navarre</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counts_and_dukes_of_Vend%C3%B4me" title="List of counts and dukes of Vendôme">Duke of Vendôme</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td rowspan="4">25 March 1537 </td> <td rowspan="4">17 November 1562 </td> <td rowspan="4">Died </td> <td rowspan="4">Son </td> <td>8th Cousin once removed </td></tr> <tr> <td>9th Cousin </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_II_of_France" title="Henry II of France">Henry II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9th Cousin once removed </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Francis_II_of_France" title="Francis II of France">Francis II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9th Cousin once removed </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Charles_IX_of_France" title="Charles IX of France">Charles IX</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/Bourbon-Vend%C3%B4me" title="Bourbon-Vendôme">House of Bourbon-Vendôme</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Navarrese_monarchs" title="List of Navarrese monarchs">King of Navarre</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counts_and_dukes_of_Vend%C3%B4me" title="List of counts and dukes of Vendôme">Duke of Vendôme</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Albret" title="Albret">Duke of Albret</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Count_of_Foix" title="Count of Foix">Count of Foix</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td rowspan="2">17 November 1562 </td> <td rowspan="2">2 August 1589 </td> <td rowspan="2">Became King of France </td> <td rowspan="2">Son </td> <td>10th Cousin </td></tr> <tr> <td>10th Cousin </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_France" title="Henry III of France">Henry III</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Charles_III,_Duke_of_Bourbon" title="Charles III, Duke of Bourbon">Charles</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/Bourbon-Vend%C3%B4me" title="Bourbon-Vendôme">House of Bourbon-Vendôme</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Rouen" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Rouen">Archbishop of Rouen</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Primate_of_Normandy" title="Primate of Normandy">Primate of Normandy</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td>2 August 1589 </td> <td>9 May 1590 </td> <td>Died </td> <td colspan="2">Uncle </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_France" title="Henry IV of France">Henry IV</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Henri_II,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Henri II, Prince of Condé">Henry II</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/Bourbon-Conde" class="mw-redirect" title="Bourbon-Conde">House of Bourbon-Condé</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Princes of Condé">Prince of Condé</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td rowspan="3">9 May 1590 </td> <td rowspan="3">26 December 1646 </td> <td rowspan="3">Died </td> <td rowspan="3">Grandnephew </td> <td>1st Cousin once removed </td></tr> <tr> <td>2nd Cousin </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIII" title="Louis XIII">Louis XIII</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2nd Cousin once removed </td> <td rowspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Grand_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis, Grand Condé">Louis II</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/Bourbon-Conde" class="mw-redirect" title="Bourbon-Conde">House of Bourbon-Condé</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Princes of Condé">Prince of Condé</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td>26 December 1646 </td> <td>11 December 1686 </td> <td>Died </td> <td>Son </td> <td>3rd Cousin </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Henri_Jules,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Henri Jules, Prince of Condé">Henry III</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/Bourbon-Conde" class="mw-redirect" title="Bourbon-Conde">House of Bourbon-Condé</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Princes of Condé">Prince of Condé</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td>11 November 1686 </td> <td>11 April 1709 </td> <td>Died </td> <td>Son </td> <td>3rd Cousin once removed </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_(1703%E2%80%931752)" title="Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)">Louis</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Bourbon-Orléans</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Duke of Orléans">Duke of Orléans</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counts_and_dukes_of_Chartres" title="List of counts and dukes of Chartres">Duke of Chartres</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td rowspan="2">11 April 1709 </td> <td rowspan="2">2 December 1723 </td> <td rowspan="2">Died </td> <td rowspan="2">4th Cousin once removed </td> <td>Grandnephew </td></tr> <tr> <td>2st Cousin once removed </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Louis_XV" title="Louis XV">Louis XV</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans">Louis Philippe I</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Bourbon-Orléans</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Duke of Orléans">Duke of Orléans</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counts_and_dukes_of_Chartres" title="List of counts and dukes of Chartres">Duke of Chartres</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td rowspan="2">2 December 1723 </td> <td rowspan="2">18 November 1785 </td> <td rowspan="2">Died </td> <td rowspan="2">Son </td> <td>3rd Cousin </td></tr> <tr> <td>3rd Cousin twice removed </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_II,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans">Louis Philippe II</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Bourbon-Orléans</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Duke of Orléans">Duke of Orléans</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counts_and_dukes_of_Chartres" title="List of counts and dukes of Chartres">Duke of Chartres</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td>18 November 1785 </td> <td>21 September 1792 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">Abolition of the Monarchy</a> </td> <td>Son </td> <td>4th Cousin once removed </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="7">French Revolutionary Wars & Napoleonic Wars </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe III</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Bourbon-Orléans</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Duke of Orléans">Duke of Orléans</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counts_and_dukes_of_Chartres" title="List of counts and dukes of Chartres">Duke of Chartres</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td>3rd May 1814 </td> <td>20 March 1815 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days" title="Hundred Days">Abolition of the Monarchy</a> </td> <td>Son </td> <td>5th Cousin </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="7">War of the Seventh Coalition </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I" title="Louis Philippe I">Louis Philippe III</a><hr /><a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Bourbon-Orléans</a> <i>Other titles</i><br /><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Duke of Orléans">Duke of Orléans</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counts_and_dukes_of_Chartres" title="List of counts and dukes of Chartres">Duke of Chartres</a></li></ul> </div> </th> <td rowspan="2">8 July 1815 </td> <td rowspan="2">9 August 1830 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/July_Monarchy" title="July Monarchy">Proclaimed as King of the French</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Son </td> <td>5th Cousin </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Louis_XVIII" title="Louis XVIII">Louis XVIII</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5th Cousin </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Charles_X_of_France" title="Charles X of France">Charles X</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Madame_la_Princesse"><i>Madame la Princesse</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Madame la Princesse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This style was held by the wife of <i>Monsieur le Prince</i>. The duchesses/princesses that were entitled to use it were1646–1686: <a href="/wiki/Claire-Cl%C3%A9mence_de_Maill%C3%A9-Br%C3%A9z%C3%A9" title="Claire-Clémence de Maillé-Brézé">Claire-Clémence de Maillé-Brézé</a> (1628–1694). Niece of <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Richelieu" title="Cardinal Richelieu">Cardinal Richelieu</a> and wife of the <i>Grand Condé</i>, she was also the Duchess of Fronsac in her own right from 1646 to 1674. </p> <ul><li>1684–1709: <a href="/wiki/Anne_Henriette_of_Bavaria" title="Anne Henriette of Bavaria"><i>Anna Henrietta</i> Julia of Bavaria</a> (1648–1723). She was the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Anna_Gonzaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Anna Gonzaga">Anna Gonzaga</a> and her husband <a href="/wiki/Charles_I,_Duke_of_Mantua" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles I, Duke of Mantua">Charles I, Duke of Mantua</a>. In 1663 she married <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_Jules_de_Bourbon,_prince_de_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry III Jules de Bourbon, prince de Condé">Henry Jules, Duke of Bourbon</a> the son and heir of the <i>Grand Condé</i>. Anne Henriette was the mother of <a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis III, Prince of Condé">Louis III, Prince of Condé</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon" title="Marie Thérèse de Bourbon">Madame la Princesse de Conti Seconde Douairière</a></i></li> <li>1709–1723: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Françoise-Marie de Bourbon">Françoise-Marie de Bourbon</a> (1677–1749) – wife of <a href="/wiki/Philippe_II,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Philippe II, Duke of Orléans">Philippe II, Duke of Orléans</a></li> <li>1724–1726: <a href="/wiki/Margravine_Auguste_Marie_Johanna_of_Baden-Baden" class="mw-redirect" title="Margravine Auguste Marie Johanna of Baden-Baden">Margravine Auguste Marie Johanna of Baden-Baden</a> (1704–1726) – wife of <a href="/wiki/Louis,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_(1703%E2%80%931752)" title="Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)">Louis of Orléans</a></li> <li>1743–1759: <a href="/wiki/Louise_Henriette_de_Bourbon" title="Louise Henriette de Bourbon">Louise Henriette de Bourbon</a> – daughter of <i><a href="/wiki/Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon" title="Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon">Madame la Princesse de Conti Dernière Douairière</a></i> and wife of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_I,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans">Louis Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans</a></li> <li>1785–1793: <a href="/wiki/Louise_Marie_Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon">Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon</a> (1753–1821); wife of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Philippe_II,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans">Louis Philippe Joseph d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans</a>. She was the last holder of the style before the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Undated_engraved_portrait_of_Anne_de_Bavi%C3%A8re_by_Marguerite_Van_der_Mael.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Anne Henriette of Bavaria"><img alt="Anne Henriette of Bavaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Undated_engraved_portrait_of_Anne_de_Bavi%C3%A8re_by_Marguerite_Van_der_Mael.jpg/87px-Undated_engraved_portrait_of_Anne_de_Bavi%C3%A8re_by_Marguerite_Van_der_Mael.jpg" decoding="async" width="87" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Undated_engraved_portrait_of_Anne_de_Bavi%C3%A8re_by_Marguerite_Van_der_Mael.jpg/130px-Undated_engraved_portrait_of_Anne_de_Bavi%C3%A8re_by_Marguerite_Van_der_Mael.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Undated_engraved_portrait_of_Anne_de_Bavi%C3%A8re_by_Marguerite_Van_der_Mael.jpg/174px-Undated_engraved_portrait_of_Anne_de_Bavi%C3%A8re_by_Marguerite_Van_der_Mael.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="3155" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Henriette_of_Bavaria" title="Anne Henriette of Bavaria">Anne Henriette of Bavaria</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_painting_of_Fran%C3%A7oise_Marie_de_Bourbon,_later_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, did not use the style as her husband did not."><img alt="Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, did not use the style as her husband did not." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Portrait_painting_of_Fran%C3%A7oise_Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_later_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg/89px-Portrait_painting_of_Fran%C3%A7oise_Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_later_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Portrait_painting_of_Fran%C3%A7oise_Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_later_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg/134px-Portrait_painting_of_Fran%C3%A7oise_Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_later_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Portrait_painting_of_Fran%C3%A7oise_Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_later_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg/178px-Portrait_painting_of_Fran%C3%A7oise_Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_later_Duchess_of_Orl%C3%A9ans_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3954" data-file-height="5319" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Françoise-Marie de Bourbon">Françoise-Marie de Bourbon</a>, did not use the style as her husband did not.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nattier_-_The_Spring_(La_Source)_traditionally_identified_as_Louise_Henriette_de_Bourbon_-_MET.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Louise Henriette de Bourbon, mother of Philippe Égalité"><img alt="Louise Henriette de Bourbon, mother of Philippe Égalité" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nattier_-_The_Spring_%28La_Source%29_traditionally_identified_as_Louise_Henriette_de_Bourbon_-_MET.jpg/97px-Nattier_-_The_Spring_%28La_Source%29_traditionally_identified_as_Louise_Henriette_de_Bourbon_-_MET.jpg" decoding="async" width="97" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nattier_-_The_Spring_%28La_Source%29_traditionally_identified_as_Louise_Henriette_de_Bourbon_-_MET.jpg/146px-Nattier_-_The_Spring_%28La_Source%29_traditionally_identified_as_Louise_Henriette_de_Bourbon_-_MET.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Nattier_-_The_Spring_%28La_Source%29_traditionally_identified_as_Louise_Henriette_de_Bourbon_-_MET.jpg/195px-Nattier_-_The_Spring_%28La_Source%29_traditionally_identified_as_Louise_Henriette_de_Bourbon_-_MET.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1094" data-file-height="1349" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Louise_Henriette_de_Bourbon" title="Louise Henriette de Bourbon">Louise Henriette de Bourbon</a>, mother of Philippe Égalité</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Louise_Marie_Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Bourbon_by_Vig%C3%A9e_Lebrun.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madame la Princesse – wife of Philippe Égalité."><img alt="Madame la Princesse – wife of Philippe Égalité." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Portrait_of_Louise_Marie_Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Bourbon_by_Vig%C3%A9e_Lebrun.jpg/96px-Portrait_of_Louise_Marie_Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Bourbon_by_Vig%C3%A9e_Lebrun.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Portrait_of_Louise_Marie_Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Bourbon_by_Vig%C3%A9e_Lebrun.jpg/144px-Portrait_of_Louise_Marie_Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Bourbon_by_Vig%C3%A9e_Lebrun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Portrait_of_Louise_Marie_Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Bourbon_by_Vig%C3%A9e_Lebrun.jpg/192px-Portrait_of_Louise_Marie_Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Bourbon_by_Vig%C3%A9e_Lebrun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1524" data-file-height="1902" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Louise_Marie_Ad%C3%A9la%C3%AFde_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon">Madame la Princesse</a></i> – wife of Philippe Égalité.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monsieur_le_Duc"><i>Monsieur le Duc</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Monsieur le Duc"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This style was used for the eldest son of the <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Princes of Condé"><i>Prince de Condé</i></a>. Originally, the eldest son was given the title of <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Enghien" title="Duke of Enghien"><i>Duc d'Enghien</i></a>, but that changed in 1709 when the Condés lost the rank of <i>premier prince</i>. After that, the eldest son was often given the courtesy title of <a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Bourbon" title="Duke of Bourbon"><i>Duc de Bourbon</i></a>, which had been granted to <a href="/wiki/Louis,_Grand_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis, Grand Condé"><i>le Grand Condé</i></a>, and his eldest son was then given the title of <i>duc d'Enghien</i>. </p> <ol><li>1689–1709: <a href="/wiki/Henry_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry III, Prince of Condé">Henri I, Duke of Enghien</a> (1643–1709);</li> <li>1709–1710: <a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis III, Prince of Condé">Louis I, Duke of Enghien</a> (1668–1710);</li> <li>1710–1740: <a href="/wiki/Louis_Henri,_Duke_of_Bourbon" title="Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon">Louis II Henri, Duke of Enghien</a> (1692–1740);</li> <li>1740–1818: <a href="/wiki/Louis_Joseph,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé">Louis III Joseph, Duke of Enghien</a> (1736–1818);</li> <li>1818–1830: <a href="/wiki/Louis_Henry_II,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Henry II, Prince of Condé">Louis IV Henri, Duke of Enghien</a> (1756–1830).</li></ol> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_II_de_Bourbon_Cond%C3%A9_and_his_son_Henri-Jules,_Duke_of_Enghien_-_Versailles,_MV_8449.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="le Grand Condé with his son Henri I, Duke of Enghien"><img alt="le Grand Condé with his son Henri I, Duke of Enghien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Louis_II_de_Bourbon_Cond%C3%A9_and_his_son_Henri-Jules%2C_Duke_of_Enghien_-_Versailles%2C_MV_8449.jpg/100px-Louis_II_de_Bourbon_Cond%C3%A9_and_his_son_Henri-Jules%2C_Duke_of_Enghien_-_Versailles%2C_MV_8449.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Louis_II_de_Bourbon_Cond%C3%A9_and_his_son_Henri-Jules%2C_Duke_of_Enghien_-_Versailles%2C_MV_8449.jpg/150px-Louis_II_de_Bourbon_Cond%C3%A9_and_his_son_Henri-Jules%2C_Duke_of_Enghien_-_Versailles%2C_MV_8449.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Louis_II_de_Bourbon_Cond%C3%A9_and_his_son_Henri-Jules%2C_Duke_of_Enghien_-_Versailles%2C_MV_8449.jpg/201px-Louis_II_de_Bourbon_Cond%C3%A9_and_his_son_Henri-Jules%2C_Duke_of_Enghien_-_Versailles%2C_MV_8449.jpg 2x" data-file-width="532" data-file-height="636" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Louis_II_de_Bourbon,_Prince_de_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de Condé">le Grand Condé</a></i> with his son <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_Jules_de_Bourbon,_prince_de_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry III Jules de Bourbon, prince de Condé">Henri I, Duke of Enghien</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1694_Portrait_of_Louis_de_Bourbon,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_from_the_workshop_of_Rigaud_(Versailles).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monsieur le Duc"><img alt="Monsieur le Duc" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/1694_Portrait_of_Louis_de_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_from_the_workshop_of_Rigaud_%28Versailles%29.jpg/92px-1694_Portrait_of_Louis_de_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_from_the_workshop_of_Rigaud_%28Versailles%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/1694_Portrait_of_Louis_de_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_from_the_workshop_of_Rigaud_%28Versailles%29.jpg/139px-1694_Portrait_of_Louis_de_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_from_the_workshop_of_Rigaud_%28Versailles%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/1694_Portrait_of_Louis_de_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_from_the_workshop_of_Rigaud_%28Versailles%29.jpg/185px-1694_Portrait_of_Louis_de_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_from_the_workshop_of_Rigaud_%28Versailles%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="849" data-file-height="1102" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis III, Prince of Condé">Monsieur le Duc</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gobert,_attributed_to_-Louis_Henri_of_Bourbon,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles,_MV3727.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Monsieur le Duc as son of Louis III, Prince of Condé"><img alt="Monsieur le Duc as son of Louis III, Prince of Condé" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gobert%2C_attributed_to_-Louis_Henri_of_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3727.jpg/92px-Gobert%2C_attributed_to_-Louis_Henri_of_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3727.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gobert%2C_attributed_to_-Louis_Henri_of_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3727.jpg/138px-Gobert%2C_attributed_to_-Louis_Henri_of_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3727.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Gobert%2C_attributed_to_-Louis_Henri_of_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3727.jpg/184px-Gobert%2C_attributed_to_-Louis_Henri_of_Bourbon%2C_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3727.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="5341" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Louis_Henri,_Duke_of_Bourbon" title="Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon">Monsieur le Duc</a></i> as son of <a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis III, Prince of Condé">Louis III, Prince of Condé</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Madame_la_Duchesse"><i>Madame la Duchesse</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Madame la Duchesse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This style was used for the wife of <i>Monsieur le Duc</i>. The most famous holder of this <a href="/wiki/Honorific" title="Honorific">honorific</a> was: </p> <ul><li>1685–1709: <a href="/wiki/Louise-Fran%C3%A7oise_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise-Françoise de Bourbon">Louise-Françoise de Bourbon</a> (1673–1743) – The illegitimate daughter of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIV of France">Louis XIV</a> and his mistress, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise-Ath%C3%A9na%C3%AFs,_marquise_de_Montespan" class="mw-redirect" title="Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan">Madame de Montespan</a>, she was married in May 1685, to <a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis III, Prince of Condé">Louis III, Prince of Condé</a>, then known by the <a href="/wiki/Courtesy_title" title="Courtesy title">courtesy title</a> of <i><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Bourbon" title="Duke of Bourbon">duc de Bourbon</a></i>. Since his style at court was <i>Monsieur le Duc</i>, she became known as <i>Madame la Duchesse</i>. She later held onto the style even in her widowhood when she was the Princess of Condé. She was later known as <i>Madame la Duchesse Douairière</i>.</li></ul> <p><b>Others included:</b> </p> <ul><li>1713–1720: <a href="/wiki/Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon_(1689%E2%80%931720)" title="Marie Anne de Bourbon (1689–1720)">Marie Anne de Bourbon</a> (1689–1720) – first wife of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Henri,_Duke_of_Bourbon" title="Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon">Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon</a>;</li> <li>1728–1741: <a href="/wiki/Landgravine_Caroline_of_Hesse-Rotenburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Landgravine Caroline of Hesse-Rotenburg">Landgravine Caroline of Hesse-Rotenburg</a> (1714–1741) second wife of the Duke of Bourbon;</li> <li>1753–1760: <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_%C3%89lisabeth_Godefride_de_Rohan" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlotte Élisabeth Godefride de Rohan">Charlotte Élisabeth Godefride de Rohan</a> (1737–1760) – wife of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Joseph_de_Bourbon,_prince_de_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Joseph de Bourbon, prince de Condé">Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé</a></li> <li>1770–1818: <a href="/wiki/Bathilde_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Bathilde d'Orléans">Louise Marie Thérèse <i>Bathilde</i> d'Orléans</a> (1750–1820) – wife of the last Prince of Condé.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pierre_Gobert_-_Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon,_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_-_Mus%C3%A9e_des_Beaux-Arts_d%27Agen.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madame la Duchesse. She was the wife of Monsieur le Duc"><img alt="Madame la Duchesse. She was the wife of Monsieur le Duc" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Pierre_Gobert_-_Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_-_Mus%C3%A9e_des_Beaux-Arts_d%27Agen.jpg/92px-Pierre_Gobert_-_Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_-_Mus%C3%A9e_des_Beaux-Arts_d%27Agen.jpg" decoding="async" width="92" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Pierre_Gobert_-_Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_-_Mus%C3%A9e_des_Beaux-Arts_d%27Agen.jpg/138px-Pierre_Gobert_-_Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_-_Mus%C3%A9e_des_Beaux-Arts_d%27Agen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Pierre_Gobert_-_Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_-_Mus%C3%A9e_des_Beaux-Arts_d%27Agen.jpg/184px-Pierre_Gobert_-_Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon%2C_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_-_Mus%C3%A9e_des_Beaux-Arts_d%27Agen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="785" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Louise-Fran%C3%A7oise_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise-Françoise de Bourbon">Madame la Duchesse</a></i>. She was the wife of <i><a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis III, Prince of Condé">Monsieur le Duc</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gobert,_attributed_-_Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon,_Princess_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles,_MV3758.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marie Anne, Princess of Condé; Madame la Duchesse due to the Condé loss of Mme la Princesse to the House of Orléans"><img alt="Marie Anne, Princess of Condé; Madame la Duchesse due to the Condé loss of Mme la Princesse to the House of Orléans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Gobert%2C_attributed_-_Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_Princess_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3758.jpg/103px-Gobert%2C_attributed_-_Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_Princess_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3758.jpg" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Gobert%2C_attributed_-_Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_Princess_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3758.jpg/154px-Gobert%2C_attributed_-_Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_Princess_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3758.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Gobert%2C_attributed_-_Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_Princess_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3758.jpg/206px-Gobert%2C_attributed_-_Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_Princess_of_Cond%C3%A9_-_Versailles%2C_MV3758.jpg 2x" data-file-width="547" data-file-height="637" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon_(1689%E2%80%931720)" title="Marie Anne de Bourbon (1689–1720)">Marie Anne, Princess of Condé</a>; <i>Madame la Duchesse</i> due to the Condé loss of Mme la Princesse to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="House of Orléans">House of Orléans</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bathilde_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans,_duchesse_de_Bourbon.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Bathilde d'Orléans"><img alt="Bathilde d'Orléans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bathilde_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans%2C_duchesse_de_Bourbon.png/91px-Bathilde_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans%2C_duchesse_de_Bourbon.png" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bathilde_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans%2C_duchesse_de_Bourbon.png/136px-Bathilde_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans%2C_duchesse_de_Bourbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Bathilde_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans%2C_duchesse_de_Bourbon.png/182px-Bathilde_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans%2C_duchesse_de_Bourbon.png 2x" data-file-width="226" data-file-height="298" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bathilde_d%27Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Bathilde d'Orléans"><i>Bathilde</i> d'Orléans</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monsieur_le_Comte"><i>Monsieur le Comte</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Monsieur le Comte"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This address was used by the head of the most junior branch of the House of Bourbon, the comte de Soissons. The comtes de Soissons, like the <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Conti" title="Princes of Conti">Princes of Conti</a>, descended from the <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Princes of Condé">Princes of Condé</a>. The line started in 1566 when the Soissons title was given to <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Bourbon,_comte_de_Soissons" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de Bourbon, comte de Soissons">Charles de Bourbon</a>, the second son of <a href="/wiki/Louis_I_de_Bourbon,_prince_de_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé">Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé</a>, the first <i>Prince of Condé</i>. </p><p>The first Prince had three sons: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henri_I_de_Bourbon,_prince_de_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri I de Bourbon, prince de Condé">Henri de Bourbon</a>, second Prince of Condé;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Bourbon,_comte_de_Soissons" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de Bourbon, comte de Soissons">Charles de Bourbon</a>, first Count of Soissons and the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Cond%C3%A9#House_of_Bourbon-Soissons" title="Princes of Condé">House of Bourbon-Soissons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois,_Prince_of_Conti" class="mw-redirect" title="François, Prince of Conti">François de Bourbon, Prince de Conti</a>, first <a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Conti" title="Princes of Conti">Prince of Conti</a> but the Conti title lapsed upon his death in 1614 without legitimate heirs. It was later revived in 1629 for <a href="/wiki/Armand_de_Bourbon,_prince_de_Conti" class="mw-redirect" title="Armand de Bourbon, prince de Conti">Armand de Bourbon, prince de Conti</a>, the second son of <a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry II, Prince of Condé">Henry II, Prince of Condé</a>.</li></ul> <p>The Soissons title was acquired by the first Prince of Condé in 1557 and was held by his descendants for two more generations: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Count_of_Soissons" title="Charles, Count of Soissons">Charles, Count of Soissons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis,_Count_of_Soissons" title="Louis, Count of Soissons">Louis, Count of Soissons</a></li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CharlesdeBourbonComtedeSoissonCustos.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Charles de Bourbon, Count of Soissons"><img alt="Charles de Bourbon, Count of Soissons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/CharlesdeBourbonComtedeSoissonCustos.jpg/95px-CharlesdeBourbonComtedeSoissonCustos.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/CharlesdeBourbonComtedeSoissonCustos.jpg/142px-CharlesdeBourbonComtedeSoissonCustos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/CharlesdeBourbonComtedeSoissonCustos.jpg/190px-CharlesdeBourbonComtedeSoissonCustos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="626" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Charles de Bourbon, <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">Count</a> of <a href="/wiki/Soissons" title="Soissons">Soissons</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Engraving_of_Louis_de_Bourbon_(1604-1641),_Count_of_Soissons_by_Matth%C3%A4us_Merian_(1).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Louis de Bourbon, Count of Soissons"><img alt="Louis de Bourbon, Count of Soissons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Engraving_of_Louis_de_Bourbon_%281604-1641%29%2C_Count_of_Soissons_by_Matth%C3%A4us_Merian_%281%29.png/91px-Engraving_of_Louis_de_Bourbon_%281604-1641%29%2C_Count_of_Soissons_by_Matth%C3%A4us_Merian_%281%29.png" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Engraving_of_Louis_de_Bourbon_%281604-1641%29%2C_Count_of_Soissons_by_Matth%C3%A4us_Merian_%281%29.png/137px-Engraving_of_Louis_de_Bourbon_%281604-1641%29%2C_Count_of_Soissons_by_Matth%C3%A4us_Merian_%281%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Engraving_of_Louis_de_Bourbon_%281604-1641%29%2C_Count_of_Soissons_by_Matth%C3%A4us_Merian_%281%29.png/183px-Engraving_of_Louis_de_Bourbon_%281604-1641%29%2C_Count_of_Soissons_by_Matth%C3%A4us_Merian_%281%29.png 2x" data-file-width="761" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Bourbon,_comte_de_Soissons" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis de Bourbon, comte de Soissons">Louis de Bourbon, Count of Soissons</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympia_Mancini_by_Mignard.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Olympia Mancini, known as Madame la Comtesse at court"><img alt="Olympia Mancini, known as Madame la Comtesse at court" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Olympia_Mancini_by_Mignard.png/100px-Olympia_Mancini_by_Mignard.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Olympia_Mancini_by_Mignard.png/150px-Olympia_Mancini_by_Mignard.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Olympia_Mancini_by_Mignard.png/201px-Olympia_Mancini_by_Mignard.png 2x" data-file-width="982" data-file-height="1174" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Olympia_Mancini" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympia Mancini">Olympia Mancini</a>, known as <i>Madame la Comtesse</i> at court</div> </li> </ul> <p>The 2nd Count of Soissons died without an heir, so the Soissons title passed to his younger sister, <a href="/wiki/Marie_de_Bourbon,_Countess_of_Soissons" title="Marie de Bourbon, Countess of Soissons">Marie de Bourbon</a>, the wife of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Francis,_Prince_of_Carignano" title="Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano">Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano</a>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Savoy" title="House of Savoy">House of Savoy</a>. She became known as <i>Madame la comtesse de Soissons</i>. On her death, the title passed first to her second son, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph-Emmanuel,_Count_of_Soissons&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph-Emmanuel, Count of Soissons (page does not exist)">Prince Joseph-Emmanuel of Savoy-Carignan</a> (1631–1656), and then to her third son, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Eug%C3%A8ne-Maurice_of_Savoy-Carignano" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Eugène-Maurice of Savoy-Carignano">Prince Eugène-François of Savoy-Carignan</a>. </p><p>He married <a href="/wiki/Olympia_Mancini" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympia Mancini">Olympia Mancini</a>, niece of <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Mazarin" title="Cardinal Mazarin">Cardinal Mazarin</a>. She was known as <i>Madame la Comtesse de Soissons</i><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> like her mother-in-law. On his death, the title went to his eldest son, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Louis_Thomas_of_Savoy-Carignano" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Louis Thomas of Savoy-Carignano">Prince Louis-Thomas</a>, who was the older brother of the famous Austrian general, <a href="/wiki/Prince_Eugene_of_Savoy" title="Prince Eugene of Savoy">Prince Eugene of Savoy</a>. The Soissons title became extinct upon the death of Prince Eugène-Jean of Savoy-Carignan in 1734. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Madame_la_Comtesse"><i>Madame la Comtesse</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Madame la Comtesse"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This style was used by the wife of <i>Monsieur le Comte</i>. The best example of this is <a href="/wiki/Olympia_Mancini" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympia Mancini">Olympia Mancini</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Madame_la_Princesse_Douairière"><span id="Madame_la_Princesse_Douairi.C3.A8re"></span><i>Madame la Princesse Douairière</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Madame la Princesse Douairière"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In order to tell the wives of the various Princes of Conti apart after their deaths, the widows were given the name of <i>Douairière</i> (or <a href="/wiki/Dowager" title="Dowager">dowager</a>) and a number corresponding to when they lost their husband. After being widowed their full style would be <i>Madame la Princesse de Conti 'number' Douairière</i>. Between 1727 and 1732, there were three widowed Princesses de Conti. They were: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon" title="Marie Anne de Bourbon">Marie Anne de Bourbon</a> (1666–1739), the legitimised daughter of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louise_de_La_Valli%C3%A8re" title="Louise de La Vallière">Louise de La Vallière</a>; she was the wife of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Armand_I,_Prince_of_Conti" title="Louis Armand I, Prince of Conti">Louis Armand I, Prince of Conti</a>. She was known as <i>Madame la Princesse de Conti Première Douairière</i> as she was the first to be widowed, in 1685. The title went to her husband's younger brother, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Louis,_Prince_of_Conti" title="François Louis, Prince of Conti">François Louis, Prince of Conti</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon" title="Marie Thérèse de Bourbon">Marie Thérèse de Bourbon</a> (1666–1732), the wife of <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Louis,_Prince_of_Conti" title="François Louis, Prince of Conti">François Louis, Prince of Conti</a>; she was known as <i>Madame la Princesse de Conti Seconde Douairière</i> after losing her husband in 1709.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon" title="Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon">Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon</a> (1693–1775), the wife of <a href="/wiki/Louis_Armand_II_de_Bourbon,_prince_de_Conti" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Armand II de Bourbon, prince de Conti">Louis Armand II, Prince of Conti</a>, the son and successor of <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Louis,_Prince_of_Conti" title="François Louis, Prince of Conti">François Louis, Prince of Conti</a>. She was the daughter of <i><a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis III, Prince of Condé">Monsieur le Duc</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Louise-Fran%C3%A7oise_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise-Françoise de Bourbon">Madame la Duchesse</a></i>. After her husband died in 1727, she was known as <i>Madame la Princesse de Conti Troisième/Dernière Douairière</i>. This was not a traditional style by right but was simply a means the court used to distinguish between the three widows who held the title of <i><a href="/wiki/Prince_de_Conti" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince de Conti">Princesse de Conti</a></i> at the same time.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mademoiselle_de_Blois_(Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon,_1666-1739)_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madame la Princesse de Conti Première Douairière"><img alt="Madame la Princesse de Conti Première Douairière" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Mademoiselle_de_Blois_%28Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_1666-1739%29_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg/89px-Mademoiselle_de_Blois_%28Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_1666-1739%29_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Mademoiselle_de_Blois_%28Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_1666-1739%29_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg/134px-Mademoiselle_de_Blois_%28Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_1666-1739%29_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Mademoiselle_de_Blois_%28Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_1666-1739%29_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg/179px-Mademoiselle_de_Blois_%28Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon%2C_1666-1739%29_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Troy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon" title="Marie Anne de Bourbon">Madame la Princesse de Conti Première Douairière</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pierre_Mignard_portrait_painting_of_Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon_(1666-1732),_Princess_of_Conti.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madame la Princesse de Conti Seconde Douairière"><img alt="Madame la Princesse de Conti Seconde Douairière" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Pierre_Mignard_portrait_painting_of_Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon_%281666-1732%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti.jpg/96px-Pierre_Mignard_portrait_painting_of_Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon_%281666-1732%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Pierre_Mignard_portrait_painting_of_Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon_%281666-1732%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti.jpg/144px-Pierre_Mignard_portrait_painting_of_Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon_%281666-1732%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Pierre_Mignard_portrait_painting_of_Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon_%281666-1732%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti.jpg/192px-Pierre_Mignard_portrait_painting_of_Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon_%281666-1732%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="463" data-file-height="578" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Marie_Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_de_Bourbon" title="Marie Thérèse de Bourbon">Madame la Princesse de Conti Seconde Douairière</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon_(1693-1775),_Princess_of_Conti_by_Pierre_Gobert.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madame la Princesse de Conti Dernière Douairière"><img alt="Madame la Princesse de Conti Dernière Douairière" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Portrait_of_Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon_%281693-1775%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti_by_Pierre_Gobert.jpg/95px-Portrait_of_Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon_%281693-1775%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti_by_Pierre_Gobert.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Portrait_of_Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon_%281693-1775%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti_by_Pierre_Gobert.jpg/143px-Portrait_of_Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon_%281693-1775%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti_by_Pierre_Gobert.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Portrait_of_Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon_%281693-1775%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti_by_Pierre_Gobert.jpg/190px-Portrait_of_Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon_%281693-1775%29%2C_Princess_of_Conti_by_Pierre_Gobert.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1561" data-file-height="1966" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Louise_%C3%89lisabeth_de_Bourbon" title="Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon">Madame la Princesse de Conti Dernière Douairière</a></i></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legitimised_royal_offspring">Legitimised royal offspring</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Legitimised royal offspring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Legitimation" title="Legitimation">Legitimised</a> children of the King of France, and of other males of his dynasty, took surnames according to the branch of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Capet" title="House of Capet">House of Capet</a> to which their father belonged, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Louis-Auguste_de_Bourbon,_duc_du_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine">Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine</a>, was the elder son of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis XIV of France">Louis XIV</a> by his mistress, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise-Ath%C3%A9na%C3%AFs,_marquise_de_Montespan" class="mw-redirect" title="Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan">Mme de Montespan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-spanheim_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spanheim-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the legitimisation occurred, the child was given a title. Males were given titles from their father's lands and estates and females were given the style of <i>Mademoiselle de X</i>. Examples of this are (children of Louis XIV and <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise-Ath%C3%A9na%C3%AFs,_marquise_de_Montespan" class="mw-redirect" title="Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan">Mme de Montespan</a>): </p> <ul><li>Louise Françoise de Bourbon (1669–1672); <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_sisters_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_and_Mademoiselle_de_Nantes_by_Philippe_Vignon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/The_sisters_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_and_Mademoiselle_de_Nantes_by_Philippe_Vignon.jpg/200px-The_sisters_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_and_Mademoiselle_de_Nantes_by_Philippe_Vignon.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/The_sisters_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_and_Mademoiselle_de_Nantes_by_Philippe_Vignon.jpg/300px-The_sisters_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_and_Mademoiselle_de_Nantes_by_Philippe_Vignon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/The_sisters_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_and_Mademoiselle_de_Nantes_by_Philippe_Vignon.jpg/400px-The_sisters_Mademoiselle_de_Blois_and_Mademoiselle_de_Nantes_by_Philippe_Vignon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1591" /></a><figcaption>The sisters <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Françoise-Marie de Bourbon"><i>Mademoiselle de Blois</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/Louise-Fran%C3%A7oise_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise-Françoise de Bourbon"><i>Mademoiselle de Nantes</i></a>, two legitimised daughters of Louis XIV and Mme de Montespan.</figcaption></figure></li> <li>Louis-Auguste de Bourbon (1670–1736), titled <a href="/wiki/Louis-Auguste_de_Bourbon,_duc_du_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine"><i>duc du Maine</i></a> – later married <a href="/wiki/Anne-Louise-B%C3%A9n%C3%A9dicte_de_Bourbon-Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne-Louise-Bénédicte de Bourbon-Condé">Anne-Louise-Bénédicte de Bourbon-Condé</a>.</li> <li>Louis César de Bourbon (1672–1683), titled <a href="/wiki/Counts_of_the_Vexin" class="mw-redirect" title="Counts of the Vexin"><i>comte de Vexin</i></a>;</li> <li>Louise-Françoise de Bourbon (1673–1743), titled <a href="/wiki/Louise-Fran%C3%A7oise_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Louise-Françoise de Bourbon"><i>Mademoiselle de Nantes</i></a> – later wife of <a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Prince_of_Cond%C3%A9" title="Louis III, Prince of Condé">Louis III de Bourbon-Condé, <i>prince de Condé</i></a></li> <li>Louise Marie Anne de Bourbon (1674–1681), titled <a href="/wiki/Louise_Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon" title="Louise Marie Anne de Bourbon"><i>Mademoiselle de Tours</i></a>;</li> <li>Françoise-Marie de Bourbon (1677–1749), titled <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise-Marie_de_Bourbon" class="mw-redirect" title="Françoise-Marie de Bourbon"><i>Mademoiselle de Blois</i></a> – wife of <a href="/wiki/Philippe_II,_Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Philippe II, Duke of Orléans">Philippe II d'Orléans</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Duke_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Duke of Orléans">duc d'Orléans</a></i>.</li> <li>Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon (1678–1737), titled <a href="/wiki/Louis-Alexandre_de_Bourbon,_comte_de_Toulouse" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon, comte de Toulouse"><i>comte de Toulouse</i></a> – later married to <a href="/wiki/Marie_Victoire_de_Noailles" title="Marie Victoire de Noailles">Marie Victoire de Noailles</a>.</li></ul> <p>Also the child would be referred to as <i>Légitimé de Bourbon</i>; such as <a href="/wiki/Marie_Anne_de_Bourbon" title="Marie Anne de Bourbon">Marie Anne <i>légitimée de Bourbon</i>, <i>mademoiselle de Blois</i></a> daughter of <a href="/wiki/Louis_XIV" title="Louis XIV">Louis XIV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louise_de_La_Valli%C3%A8re" title="Louise de La Vallière">Louise de La Vallière</a>. Her full brother was <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Bourbon,_comte_de_Vermandois" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis de Bourbon, comte de Vermandois">Louis de Bourbon</a>, later given the title of <i>comte de Vermandois</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Orléans-Longueville"><span id="Orl.C3.A9ans-Longueville"></span>Orléans-Longueville</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Orléans-Longueville"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The branch of the <i>ducs de Longueville</i>, extinct in 1672 (1694), bore the surname <i>d'Orléans</i>, as legitimised descendants of <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Dunois" title="Jean de Dunois">Jean, bâtard d'Orléans</a>, the <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/illegitimate" class="extiw" title="wikt:illegitimate">natural</a> son of a <a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">Valois</a> prince who held the <a href="/wiki/Appanage" title="Appanage">appanage</a> of Orléans before the Bourbons did.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Non-legitimised natural children of royalty took whatever surname the king permitted, which might or might not be that of the <a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">dynasty</a>. </p><p>Children born out of <a href="/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage">wedlock</a> to a French king or prince were never recognised as <i>fils de France</i>. However, if they were legitimised, the king might raise them to a rank just below or even equivalent to that of a <i>prince du sang</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Cond%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Condé">House of Condé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princes_of_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Princes of Orléans">Princes of Orléans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_%C3%A9tranger" title="Prince étranger">Prince étranger</a></li> <li><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Prinz" class="extiw" title="wikt:Prinz">Prinz</a></i>, <i>esp.</i> in contrast to <i><a href="/wiki/F%C3%BCrst" title="Fürst">Fürst</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-spanheim-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spanheim_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spanheim_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spanheim_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spanheim_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSpanheim1973" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ezekiel,_Freiherr_von_Spanheim" title="Ezekiel, Freiherr von Spanheim">Spanheim, Ézéchiel</a> (1973). Émile Bourgeois (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/relationdelacou00spangoog"><i>Relation de la Cour de France</i></a>. le Temps retrouvé (in French). <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>: Mercure de France. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/relationdelacou00spangoog/page/n92">70</a>, 87, 313–314.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Relation+de+la+Cour+de+France&rft.place=Paris&rft.series=le+Temps+retrouv%C3%A9&rft.pages=70%2C+87%2C+313-314&rft.pub=Mercure+de+France&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Spanheim&rft.aufirst=%C3%89z%C3%A9chiel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frelationdelacou00spangoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+du+sang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Institutions of France Under the Absolute Monarchy, 1598–1789, Volume 2, p.93</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMike_Duncan2014" class="citation podcast cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan_(podcaster)" title="Mike Duncan (podcaster)">Mike Duncan</a> (17 August 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.revolutionspodcast.com/2014/08/35-the-assembly-of-notables.html">"Episode 3.5 "The Assembly of Notables"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Revolutions</i> (Podcast)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Episode+3.5+%22The+Assembly+of+Notables%22&rft.date=2014-08-17&rft.au=Mike+Duncan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.revolutionspodcast.com%2F2014%2F08%2F35-the-assembly-of-notables.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrince+du+sang" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Mitford" title="Nancy Mitford">Nancy Mitford</a>, <i>The Sun King</i>, 1966, p.87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ib. Spanheim, Ézéchiel, pp. 104–105.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ib. Spanheim, Ézéchiel, pp. 100–105, 323–327.</span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&oldid=1252885005">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Prince_du_sang&oldid=1252885005</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_monarchy" title="Category:French monarchy">French monarchy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Noble_titles" title="Category:Noble titles">Noble titles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" title="Category:Ancien Régime">Ancien Régime</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Court_titles_in_the_Ancien_R%C3%A9gime" title="Category:Court titles in the Ancien Régime">Court titles in the Ancien Régime</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Princes" title="Category:Princes">Princes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Princes_of_France_(Bourbon)" title="Category:Princes of France (Bourbon)">Princes of France (Bourbon)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Princes_of_France_(Orl%C3%A9ans)" title="Category:Princes of France (Orléans)">Princes of France (Orléans)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Men%27s_social_titles" title="Category:Men's social titles">Men's social titles</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_French_IPA" title="Category:Pages with French IPA">Pages with French IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from July 2022</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 October 2024, at 10:29<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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