CINXE.COM

構造化学 - Wikipedia

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available" lang="ja" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>構造化学 - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )jawikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat": "ja","wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"8717e6e1-6072-4c93-ab4f-8bab248a5c0e","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"構造化学","wgTitle":"構造化学","wgCurRevisionId":101158333,"wgRevisionId":101158333,"wgArticleId":299765,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["すべてのスタブ記事","自然科学関連のスタブ項目","化学の分野","立体化学","分析化学","計算化学","構造"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ja","wgPageContentLanguage":"ja","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"構造化学","wgRelevantArticleId":299765,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true, "wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ja","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ja"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":2000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q971776","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.PDFLinkIcon":"ready","ext.gadget.RedirectColor":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.NormalizeCharWidth","ext.gadget.suppressEnterAtSummaryBox","ext.gadget.checkSignature","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.protectionIndicator","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents", "ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ja&amp;modules=ext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ja&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ja&amp;modules=ext.gadget.PDFLinkIcon%2CRedirectColor&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ja&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="構造化学 - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ja.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="編集" href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (ja)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ja.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ja"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="WikipediaのAtomフィード" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-構造化学 rootpage-構造化学 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">コンテンツにスキップ</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="メインメニュー" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">メインメニュー</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">メインメニュー</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 案内 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="メインページに移動する [z]" accesskey="z"><span>メインページ</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%B3%E3%83%9F%E3%83%A5%E3%83%8B%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%AB" title="このプロジェクトについて、できること、情報を入手する場所"><span>コミュニティ・ポータル</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E5%87%BA%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%8B" title="最近の出来事の背景を知る"><span>最近の出来事</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%B0%E3%81%97%E3%81%84%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="最近新規に作成されたページの一覧"><span>新しいページ</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E3%81%AE%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0" title="このウィキにおける最近の更新の一覧 [r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近の更新</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%81%8A%E3%81%BE%E3%81%8B%E3%81%9B%E8%A1%A8%E7%A4%BA" title="無作為に選択されたページを読み込む [x]" accesskey="x"><span>おまかせ表示</span></a></li><li id="n-sandbox" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%B5%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%9C%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9" title="練習用のページ"><span>練習用ページ</span></a></li><li id="n-commonsupload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ja" title="画像やメディアファイルをウィキメディア・コモンズにアップロード"><span>アップロード (ウィキメディア・コモンズ)</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ヘルプ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E6%AC%A1" title="情報を得る場所"><span>ヘルプ</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%95%E6%88%B8%E7%AB%AF" title="プロジェクトについての意見交換"><span>井戸端</span></a></li><li id="n-notice" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%81%8A%E7%9F%A5%E3%82%89%E3%81%9B" title="プロジェクトについてのお知らせ"><span>お知らせ</span></a></li><li id="n-bugreportspage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%83%90%E3%82%B0%E3%81%AE%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A" title="ウィキペディア・ソフトウェアのバグ報告"><span>バグの報告</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%80%A3%E7%B5%A1%E5%85%88" title="ウィキペディアやウィキメディア財団に関する連絡先"><span>ウィキペディアに関するお問い合わせ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ja.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.25em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ja.svg" width="100" height="14" style="width: 6.25em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%A4%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Wikipedia内を検索 [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>検索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Wikipedia内を検索" aria-label="Wikipedia内を検索" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Wikipedia内を検索 [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="特別:検索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">検索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="個人用ツール"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="表示"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="ページのフォントサイズ、幅、色の外観を変更する" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="表示" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">表示</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ja.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ja" class=""><span>寄付</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%90&amp;returnto=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="アカウントを作成してログインすることをお勧めしますが、必須ではありません" class=""><span>アカウント作成</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&amp;returnto=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ログイン</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="その他の操作" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="個人用ツール" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">個人用ツール</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="利用者メニュー" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ja.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ja"><span>寄付</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%90&amp;returnto=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="アカウントを作成してログインすることをお勧めしますが、必須ではありません"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>アカウント作成</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&amp;returnto=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ログイン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ログアウトした編集者のページ <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%B8%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%9D" aria-label="編集の詳細"><span>もっと詳しく</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AE%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%B2" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集の一覧 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>投稿記録</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集についての議論 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>トーク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">構造化学</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。 利用可能な言語10件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10の言語版</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="ベラルーシ語: Структурная хімія" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Структурная хімія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ベラルーシ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strukturchemie" title="ドイツ語: Strukturchemie" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Strukturchemie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_chemistry" title="英語: Structural chemistry" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Structural chemistry" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strutturistica_chimica" title="イタリア語: Strutturistica chimica" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Strutturistica chimica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%A1%B0%ED%99%94%ED%95%99" title="韓国語: 구조화학" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구조화학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structuurchemie" title="オランダ語: Structuurchemie" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Structuurchemie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="オランダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="ロシア語: Структурная химия" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Структурная химия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="ウクライナ語: Структурна хімія" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Структурна хімія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ウクライナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="中国語: 结构化学" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="结构化学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="中国語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="広東語: 結構化學" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="結構化學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="広東語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q971776#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="言語間リンクを編集" class="wbc-editpage">リンクを編集</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名前空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="本文を閲覧 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ページ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="「本文ページについての議論」 (存在しないページ) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>ノート</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="別の言語に切り替える" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">日本語</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="表示"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=history" title="このページの過去の版 [h]" accesskey="h"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ツール" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ツール</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ツール</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="その他の操作" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=history"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 全般 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF%E5%85%83/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="ここにリンクしている全ウィキページの一覧 [j]" accesskey="j"><span>リンク元</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%81%AE%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E7%8A%B6%E6%B3%81/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" rel="nofollow" title="このページからリンクしているページの最近の更新 [k]" accesskey="k"><span>関連ページの更新状況</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AE%E3%82%A2%E3%83%83%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="ファイルをアップロードする [u]" accesskey="u"><span>ファイルをアップロード</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E4%B8%80%E8%A6%A7" title="特別ページの一覧 [q]" accesskey="q"><span>特別ページ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;oldid=101158333" title="このページのこの版への固定リンク"><span>この版への固定リンク</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=info" title="このページについての詳細情報"><span>ページ情報</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%81%93%E3%81%AE%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8%E3%82%92%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8&amp;page=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;id=101158333&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="このページの引用方法"><span>このページを引用</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fja.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%25A7%258B%25E9%2580%25A0%25E5%258C%2596%25E5%25AD%25A6"><span>短縮URLを取得する</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fja.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%25A7%258B%25E9%2580%25A0%25E5%258C%2596%25E5%25AD%25A6"><span>QRコードをダウンロード</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 印刷/書き出し </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%96%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6"><span>ブックの新規作成</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF 形式でダウンロード</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;printable=yes" title="このページの印刷用ページ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>印刷用バージョン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 他のプロジェクト </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q971776" title="関連付けられたデータリポジトリ項目へのリンク [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ウィキデータ項目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="表示"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">表示</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">非表示</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">出典: フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ja" dir="ltr"><p><b>構造化学</b>(こうぞうかがく、Structural Chemistry)とは、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理化学">物理化学</a>の一分野で、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" title="物質">物質</a>を構成する、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0" title="分子構造">分子構造</a>あるいは<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E6%99%B6%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0" title="結晶構造">結晶構造</a>を理論的に研究する学問であり、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理化学">物理化学</a>のなかでは非常に大きな分野を占める。 </p><p>物質を構成する<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="イオン (化学)">イオン</a>・<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a>の<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8" title="原子核">原子核</a>と<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="電子">電子</a>の挙動が、分子構造あるいは結晶構造を規定していると考えられることから、構造化学では物質の構造と原子核と電子の物理的性質との間の諸法則について理論的な研究を行う。原子核と電子の挙動は<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="量子力学">量子力学</a>で説明付けられることから、構造化学の基盤の一つとして<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="量子化学">量子化学</a>が位置づけられる。 </p><p>方法論的には、構造化学は<a href="/wiki/X%E7%B7%9A%E5%9B%9E%E6%8A%98" title="X線回折">X線回折</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E7%B7%9A%E5%9B%9E%E6%8A%98" class="mw-redirect" title="電子線回折">電子線回折</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%80%A7%E5%AD%90%E7%B7%9A%E5%9B%9E%E6%8A%98" class="mw-redirect" title="中性子線回折">中性子線回折</a>,<a href="/wiki/UV-Vis" class="mw-redirect" title="UV-Vis">紫外・可視・近赤外分光</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E5%A4%96%E5%88%86%E5%85%89%E6%B3%95" title="赤外分光法">赤外分光</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E6%B3%A2%E5%88%86%E5%85%89&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="「マイクロ波分光」 (存在しないページ)">マイクロ波分光</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%A3%81%E6%B0%97%E5%85%B1%E9%B3%B4" title="核磁気共鳴">核磁気共鳴吸収</a>あるいは<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E3%82%B9%E3%83%94%E3%83%B3%E5%85%B1%E9%B3%B4" title="電子スピン共鳴">電子スピン共鳴吸収</a>などにおいて観測対象の構造に起因する変化や相違を物理理論で説明づけることがこの学問の1つの目的となる。 </p><p>また構造化学で得られた知見は<a href="/wiki/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E6%B1%BA%E5%AE%9A" title="構造決定">構造解析</a>に役立てることが可能であるから、逆の見方をすれば構造解析の手法の開発も構造化学の目的の一つとなる。そういった意味では、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有機化学">有機化学</a>や<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AF%E4%BD%93%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="錯体化学">錯体化学</a>への寄与は大きいものがある。 </p><p>また、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="計算機化学">計算機化学</a>の発達とあいまって、構造化学の成果は、<a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋白質">蛋白質</a>の高次構造から<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E6%99%B6" title="液晶">液晶</a>の物性まで、種々の物質の性質を予測あるいは設計することを可能にした。すなわち、構造化学に基づく予測は、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="分子生物学">分子生物学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%AC%E5%AD%A6" title="薬学">薬学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6" title="電子工学">電子工学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6" title="天文学">天文学</a>などの進歩にも大きく貢献している。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r96783592">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.90em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Science-template.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="スタブアイコン" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Science-template.svg/48px-Science-template.svg.png" decoding="async" width="48" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Science-template.svg/72px-Science-template.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Science-template.svg/96px-Science-template.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">この項目は、<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="自然科学">自然科学</a></b>に関連した<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%96" title="Wikipedia:スタブ">書きかけの項目</a></b>です。<a class="external text" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit">この項目を加筆・訂正</a>などしてくださる<a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%96%E9%A0%85%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自然科学関連のスタブ項目">協力者を求めています</a>(<a href="/wiki/Portal:%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:自然科学">Portal:自然科学</a>)。</p></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r99966302">.mw-parser-output .hlist ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist li,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt{margin-right:0;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:after{white-space:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist li:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:after{content:" ·\a0 ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li:after{content:" |\a0 ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li:after{content:" -\a0 ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li:after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-slash dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-slash li:after{content:" /\a0 ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child:after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child:before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child:after{content:")\a0 ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li:before{content:" "counter(listitem)" ";white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child:before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child:before{content:" ("counter(listitem)" "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r96787822">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:75%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sci-stub" title="Template:Sci-stub"><span title="参照先のページを表示します。">表示</span></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Sci-stub&amp;action=edit"><span title="参照先のページを編集します。">編集</span></a></li></ul></div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐h7nm9 Cached time: 20241123142133 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.075 seconds Real time usage: 0.093 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 48/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 3432/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 4/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4021/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.052/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 839913/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 77.972 1 -total 100.00% 77.972 1 Template:Sci-stub 96.53% 75.266 1 Template:Asbox --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key jawiki:pcache:idhash:299765-0!canonical and timestamp 20241123142133 and revision id 101158333. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">「<a dir="ltr" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=構造化学&amp;oldid=101158333">https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=構造化学&amp;oldid=101158333</a>」から取得</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%AB%E3%83%86%E3%82%B4%E3%83%AA" title="特別:カテゴリ">カテゴリ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E3%81%AE%E5%88%86%E9%87%8E" title="Category:化学の分野">化学の分野</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%AB%8B%E4%BD%93%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:立体化学">立体化学</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:分析化学">分析化学</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:計算化学">計算化学</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0" title="Category:構造">構造</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隠しカテゴリ: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E3%81%99%E3%81%B9%E3%81%A6%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%96%E8%A8%98%E4%BA%8B" title="Category:すべてのスタブ記事">すべてのスタブ記事</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%96%E9%A0%85%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自然科学関連のスタブ項目">自然科学関連のスタブ項目</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 最終更新 2024年7月19日 (金) 05:29 (日時は<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E5%80%8B%E4%BA%BA%E8%A8%AD%E5%AE%9A#mw-prefsection-rendering" title="特別:個人設定">個人設定</a>で未設定ならば<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%99%82" title="協定世界時">UTC</a>)。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">テキストは<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ja">クリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示-継承ライセンス</a>のもとで利用できます。追加の条件が適用される場合があります。詳細については<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">利用規約</a>を参照してください。</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/ja">プライバシー・ポリシー</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AB%E3%81%A4%E3%81%84%E3%81%A6">ウィキペディアについて</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B2%AC%E4%BA%8B%E9%A0%85">免責事項</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行動規範</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">開発者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ja.wikipedia.org">統計</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookieに関する声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ja.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">モバイルビュー</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-669b4ddb54-vb5l2","wgBackendResponseTime":107,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.075","walltime":"0.093","ppvisitednodes":{"value":48,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":3432,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":4,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":4021,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 77.972 1 -total","100.00% 77.972 1 Template:Sci-stub"," 96.53% 75.266 1 Template:Asbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.052","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":839913,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5dc468848-h7nm9","timestamp":"20241123142133","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u5b66","url":"https:\/\/ja.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%A7%8B%E9%80%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q971776","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q971776","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3078\u306e\u8ca2\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u30a6\u30a3\u30ad\u30e1\u30c7\u30a3\u30a2\u8ca1\u56e3","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-07-31T19:37:37Z","dateModified":"2024-07-19T05:29:11Z"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10