CINXE.COM
East Meets West in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Transcultural ... - Google Books
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>East Meets West in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Transcultural ... - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_33a9cb4bd85d7dfe7a45d751d9918d28/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_33a9cb4bd85d7dfe7a45d751d9918d28__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/East_Meets_West_in_the_Middle_Ages_and_E.html?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/East_Meets_West_in_the_Middle_Ages_and_E.html?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ"/><meta name="title" content="East Meets West in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times"/><meta name="description" content="This new volume explores the surprisingly intense and complex relationships between East and West during the Middle Ages and the early modern world, combining a large number of critical studies representing such diverse fields as literary (German, French, Italian, English, Spanish, and Arabic) and other subdisciplines of history, religion, anthropology, and linguistics. The differences between Islam and Christianity erected strong barriers separating two global cultures, but, as this volume indicates, despite many attempts to 'Other' the opposing side, the premodern world experienced an astonishing degree of contacts, meetings, exchanges, and influences. Scientists, travelers, authors, medical researchers, chroniclers, diplomats, and merchants criss-crossed the East and the West, or studied the sources produced by the other culture for many different reasons. As much as the theoretical concept of 'Orientalism' has been useful in sensitizing us to the fundamental tensions and conflicts separating both worlds at least since the eighteenth century, the premodern world did not quite yet operate in such an ideological framework. Even though the Crusades had violently pitted Christians against Muslims, there were countless contacts and a palpitable curiosity on both sides both before, during, and after those religious warfares. "/><meta property="og:title" content="East Meets West in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times"/><meta property="og:type" content="book"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Books"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE73Ly4fRT1ekX5dk6Mj-wPehGTYckZI8LbKeQxaN2viQTKfW0WW8iuSfkvwzsxgrrG-7WPi5pRI-Y_iWec_1MH8MOwbLgVLuOV58lmIobHr-55HIM1HbBWffV2xenUGBUVlBfzBM"/><link rel="image_src" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE73Ly4fRT1ekX5dk6Mj-wPehGTYckZI8LbKeQxaN2viQTKfW0WW8iuSfkvwzsxgrrG-7WPi5pRI-Y_iWec_1MH8MOwbLgVLuOV58lmIobHr-55HIM1HbBWffV2xenUGBUVlBfzBM"/><script></script><style>#gbar,#guser{font-size:13px;padding-top:1px !important;}#gbar{height:22px}#guser{padding-bottom:7px !important;text-align:right}.gbh,.gbd{border-top:1px solid #c9d7f1;font-size:1px}.gbh{height:0;position:absolute;top:24px;width:100%}@media all{.gb1{height:22px;margin-right:.5em;vertical-align:top}#gbar{float:left}}a.gb1,a.gb4{text-decoration:underline !important}a.gb1,a.gb4{color:#00c !important}.gbi .gb4{color:#dd8e27 !important}.gbf .gb4{color:#900 !important} #gbar { padding:.3em .6em !important;}</style></head><body class=""><div id=gbar><nobr><a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/search?tab=pw">Search</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=pi">Images</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://maps.google.com.sg/maps?hl=en&tab=pl">Maps</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://play.google.com/?hl=en&tab=p8">Play</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.youtube.com/?tab=p1">YouTube</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://news.google.com/?tab=pn">News</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=pm">Gmail</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://drive.google.com/?tab=po">Drive</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 style="text-decoration:none" href="https://www.google.com.sg/intl/en/about/products?tab=ph"><u>More</u> »</a></nobr></div><div id=guser width=100%><nobr><span id=gbn class=gbi></span><span id=gbf class=gbf></span><span id=gbe></span><a target=_top id=gb_70 href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DsnPnBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA611%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den&hl=en&ec=GAZACg" class=gb4>Sign in</a></nobr></div><div class=gbh style=left:0></div><div class=gbh style=right:0></div><div role="alert" style="position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0;"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA611&redir_esc=y&hl=en&output=html_text" title="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. Accessible mode has the same essential features but works better with your reader."><img border="0" src="//www.google.com/images/cleardot.gif"alt="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. Accessible mode has the same essential features but works better with your reader."></a></div><div class="kd-appbar"><h2 class="kd-appname"><a href="/books">Books</a></h2><div class="kd-buttonbar left" id="left-toolbar-buttons"><a id="appbar-view-print-sample-link" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_vpt_read"></a><a id="appbar-view-ebook-sample-link" href="https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&source=gbs_vpt_read"></a><a id="appbar-patents-prior-art-finder-link" href=""></a><a id="appbar-patents-discuss-this-link" href="" data-is-grant=""></a><a id="appbar-read-patent-link" href=""></a><a id="appbar-download-pdf-link" href=""></a></div><div class="kd-buttonbar right" id="right-toolbar-buttons"></div></div><div style="display: none"><ol id="ofe-gear-menu-contents" class="gbmcc"><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary&hl=en">My library</a></li><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="http://books.google.com.sg/support/topic/4359341?hl=en-SG">Help</a></li><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="https://books.google.com.sg/advanced_book_search">Advanced Book Search</a></li></ol></div><div id="volume-main"><div id="volume-left"><div id=menu_container ><div id="menu_scroll_wrapper"><div id="menu_scroll" role="navigation"><div id="gb-get-book-container"><a href="https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&rdid=book-snPnBQAAQBAJ&rdot=1&source=gbs_vpt_read&pcampaignid=books_booksearch_viewport" id="gb-get-book-content">Buy eBook - SGD聽195.13</a></div><p id="gb-buy-options-trigger" class="gb-buy-options-link">Get this book in print</p><h3 class=about_title><a name="buy_anchor"></a></h3><div id=buy class=about_content><div id=buy_v><ul style="list-style-type: none; padding-left: 0; margin: 0;"><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books&linkCode=qs&keywords=9783110321517" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index\x3dbooks\x26linkCode\x3dqs\x26keywords\x3d9783110321517';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-google-print\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3dsnPnBQAAQBAJ\x26q\x3dhttp://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9783110321517\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw2bAfBBPviFpRSAKspm4RgS\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Amazon.com</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail&pcode=9783110321517" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do\x3ddetail\x26pcode\x3d9783110321517';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-google-print\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3dsnPnBQAAQBAJ\x26q\x3dhttp://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9783110321517\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw2G6oNtNDyDTAxZ3_TULmaR\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>MPH</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9783110321517" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q\x3d9783110321517';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-google-print\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3dsnPnBQAAQBAJ\x26q\x3dhttps://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9783110321517\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw1aV5dUOf489TQL6L4c1oLw\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Popular</span></a></li><li><hr style="margin-right: 20%; color: #666;"></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA611&q=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1091460649&clientid=librarylink&usg=AOvVaw1GDpNQXFyV9cD8y1PyMjCA&source=gbs_buy_r"><span dir=ltr>Find in a library</span></a></li><li><a class="secondary" style="white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&sitesec=buy&source=gbs_buy_r" id="get-all-sellers-link"><span dir=ltr>All sellers</span> »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=menu id=menu><div class="menu_content" style="margin-bottom:6px"><div style="margin-bottom:4px"><div class="sidebarnav"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div class="sidebarcover"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover" onclick="_OC_Page('PR1',this.href); return false;"><img src="https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=5&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE70P86gJ7wMw4xGMPknk8BkXAk2lmOiU6oXmM5BHItFisOKN0U3hwo59XnAmlStaevKs21Eo3JTZaX1VxXBH5CwTxF7ykvqddMy3vcIoEVIHCrjZLyAdYJ4BKQLjxSs6OYDcYShp" alt="Front Cover" title="Front Cover" height=80 border=1 id=summary-frontcover ></a></div></td><td></td></tr></table></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div id="volume-info-sidebar"><h1 class="gb-volume-title" dir=ltr>East Meets West in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times: Transcultural ...</h1><span class="addmd">edited by Albrecht Classen</span></div><div style="margin-bottom:3px"><form action=/books id=search_form style="margin:0px;padding:0px;" method=get> <input type=hidden name="redir_esc" value="y"><input type=hidden name="id" value="snPnBQAAQBAJ"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 class="swv-table"><tr><td class="swv-td-search"><span><input id=search_form_input type=text maxlength=1024 class="text_flat swv-input-search" aria-label="Search in this book" name=q value="" title="Go" accesskey=i></span></td><td class="swv-td-space"><div> </div></td><td><input type=submit value="Go"></td></tr></table><script type="text/javascript">if (window['_OC_autoDir']) {_OC_autoDir('search_form_input');}</script></form></div><div><p><a id="sidebar-atb-link" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><span dir=ltr>About this book</span></a></p></div></div></div><div><div id="navbarContainer" class="gb-navbar"></div><script>_OC_InitNavbar({"child_node":[{"title":"My library","url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?uid=114584440181414684107\u0026source=gbs_lp_bookshelf_list","id":"my_library","collapsed":true},{"title":"My History","url":"","id":"my_history","collapsed":true}],"highlighted_node_id":""});</script><a href="/intl/en/googlebooks/tos.html" target="_blank">Terms of Service</a><h3 class=about_title><a name="pub_info_anchor"></a></h3><div id=pub_info class=about_content><div id=pub_info_v><table cellspacing=0><tr><td><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA611&q=http://www.degruyter.com&linkid=1&usg=AOvVaw3n7w-bVpO7PxChVPQF2j3U&source=gbs_pub_info_r" style="text-decoration:none"><img width=65 height=35 border=0 src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/imgad?id=CL3_1bnGxr7xShBdGDIyCKKtl8NWv3kP" alt="Walter de Gruyter"></a><tr><td style="font-size:84.6%;color:#666666">Pages displayed by permission of <a class=link_aux href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA611&q=http://www.degruyter.com&linkid=1&usg=AOvVaw3n7w-bVpO7PxChVPQF2j3U&source=gbs_pub_info_r">Walter de Gruyter</a>. <a style="color:#7777cc;white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&printsec=copyright&source=gbs_pub_info_r">Copyright</a>. </table></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="volume-center"><div id="scroll_atb" role="main"><div id="toolbar_container"><div style="float:left;white-space:nowrap"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td id="l_toolbar"></td><td class=toolbar-pc-cell><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td class=no-jump-cell align=right><span id=page_label style="margin-right:.5em">Page 611</span></td><td class=arrow style="padding-right:2px"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA610&lpg=PA611&focus=viewport" onclick="_OC_EmptyFunc(this.href); return false;"><div class=pagination><div id=prev_btn alt="Previous Page" title="Previous Page" class="SPRITE_pagination_v2_left"></div></div></a></td><td class=arrow><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA612&lpg=PA611&focus=viewport" onclick="_OC_EmptyFunc(this.href); return false;"><div class=pagination><div id=next_btn alt="Next Page" title="Next Page" class="SPRITE_pagination_v2_right"></div></div></a></td></tr></table></td><td> </td><td id=view_toolbar></td><td id=view_new></td></tr></table></div><div style="float:right"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td></td><td id="r_toolbar" style="white-space:nowrap"></td></tr></table></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div id="search_bar"></div><div class="gback"><div id="viewport" class="viewport" tabindex="0"><a name="page" accesskey="c"></a><table class="viewport-table" id="container" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td valign="top" align="center"><noscript><style type=text/css>.imgg { width:575px;height:853px;background:#eee;padding-bottom:25px}</style><div class=imgg><div align=center><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=500 align=center style="margin-top:2em"><tr><td rowspan=2 valign=top style="width:9px;background:#fff url('/googlebooks/bbl_l.gif') top left repeat-y"><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_tl.gif" width=9 height=7 alt=""></td><td style="background:url('/googlebooks/bbl_t.gif') top left repeat-x"><img width=1 height=7 alt=""></td><td rowspan=2 valign=top style="width:10px;background:#fff url('/googlebooks/bbl_r.gif') top right repeat-y"><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_tr.gif" width=10 height=7 alt=""></td></tr><tr><td align=center style="background:#ff9;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em"><div style="margin:1em"><img width=60 height=60 align=absmiddle src="/googlebooks/restricted_logo.gif" alt=""> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.2em"><br>Restricted Page</span></div><div style="margin:1em" align=left>You have reached your viewing limit for this book (<a href=https://books.google.com.sg/support/answer/43729?topic=9259&hl=en>why?</a>).</div></td></tr><tr><td><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_bl.gif" width=9 height=9 alt=""></td><td style="background:url('/googlebooks/bbl_b.gif') bottom left repeat-x"><img width=1 height=9 alt=""></td><td><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_br.gif" width=10 height=9 alt=""></td></tr></table></div></div></noscript></td></tr></table></div></div><script>_OC_addFlags({Host:"https://books.google.com.sg/", IsBrowsingHistoryEnabled:1, IsBooksRentalEnabled:1, IsBooksUnifiedLeftNavEnabled:1, IsZipitFolderCollectionEnabled:1});_OC_Run({"page":[{"pid":"PR1","flags":32,"order":0,"title":"i"},{"pid":"PR3","order":2,"title":"iii"},{"pid":"PR4","order":3,"title":"iv"},{"pid":"PR5","order":4,"title":"v"},{"pid":"PR6","order":5,"title":"vi"},{"pid":"PR7","order":6,"title":"vii"},{"pid":"PR8","order":7,"title":"viii"},{"pid":"PR9","order":8,"title":"ix"},{"pid":"PR10","order":9,"title":"x"},{"pid":"PA1","order":10,"title":"1"},{"pid":"PA2","order":11,"title":"2"},{"pid":"PA3","order":12,"title":"3"},{"pid":"PA4","order":13,"title":"4"},{"pid":"PA5","order":14,"title":"5"},{"pid":"PA6","order":15,"title":"6"},{"pid":"PA7","order":16,"title":"7"},{"pid":"PA8","order":17,"title":"8"},{"pid":"PA9","order":18,"title":"9"},{"pid":"PA10","order":19,"title":"10"},{"pid":"PA11","order":20,"title":"11"},{"pid":"PA12","order":21,"title":"12"},{"pid":"PA13","order":22,"title":"13"},{"pid":"PA14","order":23,"title":"14"},{"pid":"PA15","order":24,"title":"15"},{"pid":"PA16","order":25,"title":"16"},{"pid":"PA17","order":26,"title":"17"},{"pid":"PA18","order":27,"title":"18"},{"pid":"PA19","order":28,"title":"19"},{"pid":"PA20","order":29,"title":"20"},{"pid":"PA21","order":30,"title":"21"},{"pid":"PA22","order":31,"title":"22"},{"pid":"PA23","order":32,"title":"23"},{"pid":"PA24","order":33,"title":"24"},{"pid":"PA25","order":34,"title":"25"},{"pid":"PA26","order":35,"title":"26"},{"pid":"PA27","order":36,"title":"27"},{"pid":"PA28","order":37,"title":"28"},{"pid":"PA29","order":38,"title":"29"},{"pid":"PA30","order":39,"title":"30"},{"pid":"PA31","order":40,"title":"31"},{"pid":"PA32","order":41,"title":"32"},{"pid":"PA33","order":42,"title":"33"},{"pid":"PA34","order":43,"title":"34"},{"pid":"PA35","order":44,"title":"35"},{"pid":"PA36","order":45,"title":"36"},{"pid":"PA37","order":46,"title":"37"},{"pid":"PA38","order":47,"title":"38"},{"pid":"PA39","order":48,"title":"39"},{"pid":"PA40","order":49,"title":"40"},{"pid":"PA41","order":50,"title":"41"},{"pid":"PA42","order":51,"title":"42"},{"pid":"PA43","order":52,"title":"43"},{"pid":"PA44","order":53,"title":"44"},{"pid":"PA45","order":54,"title":"45"},{"pid":"PA46","order":55,"title":"46"},{"pid":"PA47","order":56,"title":"47"},{"pid":"PA48","order":57,"title":"48"},{"pid":"PA49","order":58,"title":"49"},{"pid":"PA50","order":59,"title":"50"},{"pid":"PA51","order":60,"title":"51"},{"pid":"PA52","order":61,"title":"52"},{"pid":"PA53","order":62,"title":"53"},{"pid":"PA54","order":63,"title":"54"},{"pid":"PA55","order":64,"title":"55"},{"pid":"PA56","order":65,"title":"56"},{"pid":"PA57","order":66,"title":"57"},{"pid":"PA58","order":67,"title":"58"},{"pid":"PA59","order":68,"title":"59"},{"pid":"PA60","order":69,"title":"60"},{"pid":"PA61","order":70,"title":"61"},{"pid":"PA62","order":71,"title":"62"},{"pid":"PA63","order":72,"title":"63"},{"pid":"PA64","order":73,"title":"64"},{"pid":"PA65","order":74,"title":"65"},{"pid":"PA66","order":75,"title":"66"},{"pid":"PA67","order":76,"title":"67"},{"pid":"PA68","order":77,"title":"68"},{"pid":"PA69","order":78,"title":"69"},{"pid":"PA70","order":79,"title":"70"},{"pid":"PA71","order":80,"title":"71"},{"pid":"PA72","order":81,"title":"72"},{"pid":"PA73","order":82,"title":"73"},{"pid":"PA74","order":83,"title":"74"},{"pid":"PA75","order":84,"title":"75"},{"pid":"PA76","order":85,"title":"76"},{"pid":"PA77","order":86,"title":"77"},{"pid":"PA78","order":87,"title":"78"},{"pid":"PA79","order":88,"title":"79"},{"pid":"PA80","order":89,"title":"80"},{"pid":"PA81","order":90,"title":"81"},{"pid":"PA82","order":91,"title":"82"},{"pid":"PA83","order":92,"title":"83"},{"pid":"PA84","order":93,"title":"84"},{"pid":"PA85","order":94,"title":"85"},{"pid":"PA86","order":95,"title":"86"},{"pid":"PA87","order":96,"title":"87"},{"pid":"PA88","order":97,"title":"88"},{"pid":"PA89","order":98,"title":"89"},{"pid":"PA90","order":99,"title":"90"},{"pid":"PA91","order":100,"title":"91"},{"pid":"PA92","order":101,"title":"92"},{"pid":"PA93","order":102,"title":"93"},{"pid":"PA94","order":103,"title":"94"},{"pid":"PA95","order":104,"title":"95"},{"pid":"PA96","order":105,"title":"96"},{"pid":"PA97","order":106,"title":"97"},{"pid":"PA98","order":107,"title":"98"},{"pid":"PA99","order":108,"title":"99"},{"pid":"PA100","order":109,"title":"100"},{"pid":"PA101","order":110,"title":"101"},{"pid":"PA102","order":111,"title":"102"},{"pid":"PA103","order":112,"title":"103"},{"pid":"PA104","order":113,"title":"104"},{"pid":"PA105","order":114,"title":"105"},{"pid":"PA106","order":115,"title":"106"},{"pid":"PA107","order":116,"title":"107"},{"pid":"PA108","order":117,"title":"108"},{"pid":"PA109","order":118,"title":"109"},{"pid":"PA110","order":119,"title":"110"},{"pid":"PA111","order":120,"title":"111"},{"pid":"PA112","order":121,"title":"112"},{"pid":"PA113","order":122,"title":"113"},{"pid":"PA114","order":123,"title":"114"},{"pid":"PA115","order":124,"title":"115"},{"pid":"PA116","order":125,"title":"116"},{"pid":"PA117","order":126,"title":"117"},{"pid":"PA118","order":127,"title":"118"},{"pid":"PA119","order":128,"title":"119"},{"pid":"PA120","order":129,"title":"120"},{"pid":"PA121","order":130,"title":"121"},{"pid":"PA122","order":131,"title":"122"},{"pid":"PA123","order":132,"title":"123"},{"pid":"PA124","order":133,"title":"124"},{"pid":"PA125","order":134,"title":"125"},{"pid":"PA126","order":135,"title":"126"},{"pid":"PA127","order":136,"title":"127"},{"pid":"PA128","order":137,"title":"128"},{"pid":"PA129","order":138,"title":"129"},{"pid":"PA130","order":139,"title":"130"},{"pid":"PA131","order":140,"title":"131"},{"pid":"PA132","order":141,"title":"132"},{"pid":"PA133","order":142,"title":"133"},{"pid":"PA134","order":143,"title":"134"},{"pid":"PA135","order":144,"title":"135"},{"pid":"PA136","order":145,"title":"136"},{"pid":"PA137","order":146,"title":"137"},{"pid":"PA138","order":147,"title":"138"},{"pid":"PA139","order":148,"title":"139"},{"pid":"PA140","order":149,"title":"140"},{"pid":"PA141","order":150,"title":"141"},{"pid":"PA142","order":151,"title":"142"},{"pid":"PA143","order":152,"title":"143"},{"pid":"PA144","order":153,"title":"144"},{"pid":"PA145","order":154,"title":"145"},{"pid":"PA146","order":155,"title":"146"},{"pid":"PA147","order":156,"title":"147"},{"pid":"PA148","order":157,"title":"148"},{"pid":"PA149","order":158,"title":"149"},{"pid":"PA150","order":159,"title":"150"},{"pid":"PA151","order":160,"title":"151"},{"pid":"PA152","order":161,"title":"152"},{"pid":"PA153","order":162,"title":"153"},{"pid":"PA154","order":163,"title":"154"},{"pid":"PA155","order":164,"title":"155"},{"pid":"PA156","order":165,"title":"156"},{"pid":"PA157","order":166,"title":"157"},{"pid":"PA158","order":167,"title":"158"},{"pid":"PA159","order":168,"title":"159"},{"pid":"PA160","order":169,"title":"160"},{"pid":"PA161","order":170,"title":"161"},{"pid":"PA162","order":171,"title":"162"},{"pid":"PA163","order":172,"title":"163"},{"pid":"PA164","order":173,"title":"164"},{"pid":"PA165","order":174,"title":"165"},{"pid":"PA166","order":175,"title":"166"},{"pid":"PA167","order":176,"title":"167"},{"pid":"PA168","order":177,"title":"168"},{"pid":"PA169","order":178,"title":"169"},{"pid":"PA170","order":179,"title":"170"},{"pid":"PA171","order":180,"title":"171"},{"pid":"PA172","order":181,"title":"172"},{"pid":"PA173","order":182,"title":"173"},{"pid":"PA174","order":183,"title":"174"},{"pid":"PA175","order":184,"title":"175"},{"pid":"PA176","order":185,"title":"176"},{"pid":"PA177","order":186,"title":"177"},{"pid":"PA178","order":187,"title":"178"},{"pid":"PA179","order":188,"title":"179"},{"pid":"PA180","order":189,"title":"180"},{"pid":"PA181","order":190,"title":"181"},{"pid":"PA182","order":191,"title":"182"},{"pid":"PA183","order":192,"title":"183"},{"pid":"PA184","order":193,"title":"184"},{"pid":"PA185","order":194,"title":"185"},{"pid":"PA186","order":195,"title":"186"},{"pid":"PA187","order":196,"title":"187"},{"pid":"PA188","order":197,"title":"188"},{"pid":"PA189","order":198,"title":"189"},{"pid":"PA190","order":199,"title":"190"},{"pid":"PA191","order":200,"title":"191"},{"pid":"PA192","order":201,"title":"192"},{"pid":"PA193","order":202,"title":"193"},{"pid":"PA194","order":203,"title":"194"},{"pid":"PA195","order":204,"title":"195"},{"pid":"PA196","order":205,"title":"196"},{"pid":"PA197","order":206,"title":"197"},{"pid":"PA198","order":207,"title":"198"},{"pid":"PA199","order":208,"title":"199"},{"pid":"PA200","order":209,"title":"200"},{"pid":"PA201","order":210,"title":"201"},{"pid":"PA202","order":211,"title":"202"},{"pid":"PA203","order":212,"title":"203"},{"pid":"PA204","order":213,"title":"204"},{"pid":"PA205","order":214,"title":"205"},{"pid":"PA206","order":215,"title":"206"},{"pid":"PA207","order":216,"title":"207"},{"pid":"PA208","order":217,"title":"208"},{"pid":"PA209","order":218,"title":"209"},{"pid":"PA210","order":219,"title":"210"},{"pid":"PA211","order":220,"title":"211"},{"pid":"PA212","order":221,"title":"212"},{"pid":"PA213","order":222,"title":"213"},{"pid":"PA214","order":223,"title":"214"},{"pid":"PA215","order":224,"title":"215"},{"pid":"PA216","order":225,"title":"216"},{"pid":"PA217","order":226,"title":"217"},{"pid":"PA218","order":227,"title":"218"},{"pid":"PA219","order":228,"title":"219"},{"pid":"PA220","order":229,"title":"220"},{"pid":"PA221","order":230,"title":"221"},{"pid":"PA222","order":231,"title":"222"},{"pid":"PA223","order":232,"title":"223"},{"pid":"PA224","order":233,"title":"224"},{"pid":"PA225","order":234,"title":"225"},{"pid":"PA226","order":235,"title":"226"},{"pid":"PA227","order":236,"title":"227"},{"pid":"PA228","order":237,"title":"228"},{"pid":"PA229","order":238,"title":"229"},{"pid":"PA230","order":239,"title":"230"},{"pid":"PA231","order":240,"title":"231"},{"pid":"PA232","order":241,"title":"232"},{"pid":"PA233","order":242,"title":"233"},{"pid":"PA234","order":243,"title":"234"},{"pid":"PA235","order":244,"title":"235"},{"pid":"PA236","order":245,"title":"236"},{"pid":"PA237","order":246,"title":"237"},{"pid":"PA238","order":247,"title":"238"},{"pid":"PA239","order":248,"title":"239"},{"pid":"PA240","order":249,"title":"240"},{"pid":"PA241","order":250,"title":"241"},{"pid":"PA242","order":251,"title":"242"},{"pid":"PA243","order":252,"title":"243"},{"pid":"PA244","order":253,"title":"244"},{"pid":"PA245","order":254,"title":"245"},{"pid":"PA246","order":255,"title":"246"},{"pid":"PA247","order":256,"title":"247"},{"pid":"PA248","order":257,"title":"248"},{"pid":"PA249","order":258,"title":"249"},{"pid":"PA250","order":259,"title":"250"},{"pid":"PA251","order":260,"title":"251"},{"pid":"PA252","order":261,"title":"252"},{"pid":"PA253","order":262,"title":"253"},{"pid":"PA254","order":263,"title":"254"},{"pid":"PA255","order":264,"title":"255"},{"pid":"PA256","order":265,"title":"256"},{"pid":"PA257","order":266,"title":"257"},{"pid":"PA258","order":267,"title":"258"},{"pid":"PA259","order":268,"title":"259"},{"pid":"PA260","order":269,"title":"260"},{"pid":"PA261","order":270,"title":"261"},{"pid":"PA262","order":271,"title":"262"},{"pid":"PA263","order":272,"title":"263"},{"pid":"PA264","order":273,"title":"264"},{"pid":"PA265","order":274,"title":"265"},{"pid":"PA266","order":275,"title":"266"},{"pid":"PA267","order":276,"title":"267"},{"pid":"PA268","order":277,"title":"268"},{"pid":"PA269","order":278,"title":"269"},{"pid":"PA270","order":279,"title":"270"},{"pid":"PA271","order":280,"title":"271"},{"pid":"PA272","order":281,"title":"272"},{"pid":"PA273","order":282,"title":"273"},{"pid":"PA274","order":283,"title":"274"},{"pid":"PA275","order":284,"title":"275"},{"pid":"PA276","order":285,"title":"276"},{"pid":"PA277","order":286,"title":"277"},{"pid":"PA278","order":287,"title":"278"},{"pid":"PA279","order":288,"title":"279"},{"pid":"PA280","order":289,"title":"280"},{"pid":"PA281","order":290,"title":"281"},{"pid":"PA282","order":291,"title":"282"},{"pid":"PA283","order":292,"title":"283"},{"pid":"PA284","order":293,"title":"284"},{"pid":"PA285","order":294,"title":"285"},{"pid":"PA286","order":295,"title":"286"},{"pid":"PA287","order":296,"title":"287"},{"pid":"PA288","order":297,"title":"288"},{"pid":"PA289","order":298,"title":"289"},{"pid":"PA290","order":299,"title":"290"},{"pid":"PA291","order":300,"title":"291"},{"pid":"PA292","order":301,"title":"292"},{"pid":"PA293","order":302,"title":"293"},{"pid":"PA294","order":303,"title":"294"},{"pid":"PA295","order":304,"title":"295"},{"pid":"PA296","order":305,"title":"296"},{"pid":"PA297","order":306,"title":"297"},{"pid":"PA298","order":307,"title":"298"},{"pid":"PA299","order":308,"title":"299"},{"pid":"PA300","order":309,"title":"300"},{"pid":"PA301","order":310,"title":"301"},{"pid":"PA302","order":311,"title":"302"},{"pid":"PA303","order":312,"title":"303"},{"pid":"PA304","order":313,"title":"304"},{"pid":"PA305","order":314,"title":"305"},{"pid":"PA306","order":315,"title":"306"},{"pid":"PA307","order":316,"title":"307"},{"pid":"PA308","order":317,"title":"308"},{"pid":"PA309","order":318,"title":"309"},{"pid":"PA310","order":319,"title":"310"},{"pid":"PA311","order":320,"title":"311"},{"pid":"PA312","order":321,"title":"312"},{"pid":"PA313","order":322,"title":"313"},{"pid":"PA314","order":323,"title":"314"},{"pid":"PA315","order":324,"title":"315"},{"pid":"PA316","order":325,"title":"316"},{"pid":"PA317","order":326,"title":"317"},{"pid":"PA318","order":327,"title":"318"},{"pid":"PA319","order":328,"title":"319"},{"pid":"PA320","order":329,"title":"320"},{"pid":"PA321","order":330,"title":"321"},{"pid":"PA322","order":331,"title":"322"},{"pid":"PA323","order":332,"title":"323"},{"pid":"PA324","order":333,"title":"324"},{"pid":"PA325","order":334,"title":"325"},{"pid":"PA326","order":335,"title":"326"},{"pid":"PA327","order":336,"title":"327"},{"pid":"PA328","order":337,"title":"328"},{"pid":"PA329","order":338,"title":"329"},{"pid":"PA330","order":339,"title":"330"},{"pid":"PA331","order":340,"title":"331"},{"pid":"PA332","order":341,"title":"332"},{"pid":"PA333","order":342,"title":"333"},{"pid":"PA334","order":343,"title":"334"},{"pid":"PA335","order":344,"title":"335"},{"pid":"PA336","order":345,"title":"336"},{"pid":"PA337","order":346,"title":"337"},{"pid":"PA338","order":347,"title":"338"},{"pid":"PA339","order":348,"title":"339"},{"pid":"PA340","order":349,"title":"340"},{"pid":"PA341","order":350,"title":"341"},{"pid":"PA342","order":351,"title":"342"},{"pid":"PA343","order":352,"title":"343"},{"pid":"PA344","order":353,"title":"344"},{"pid":"PA345","order":354,"title":"345"},{"pid":"PA346","order":355,"title":"346"},{"pid":"PA347","order":356,"title":"347"},{"pid":"PA348","order":357,"title":"348"},{"pid":"PA349","order":358,"title":"349"},{"pid":"PA350","order":359,"title":"350"},{"pid":"PA351","order":360,"title":"351"},{"pid":"PA352","order":361,"title":"352"},{"pid":"PA353","order":362,"title":"353"},{"pid":"PA354","order":363,"title":"354"},{"pid":"PA355","order":364,"title":"355"},{"pid":"PA356","order":365,"title":"356"},{"pid":"PA357","order":366,"title":"357"},{"pid":"PA358","order":367,"title":"358"},{"pid":"PA359","order":368,"title":"359"},{"pid":"PA360","order":369,"title":"360"},{"pid":"PA361","order":370,"title":"361"},{"pid":"PA362","order":371,"title":"362"},{"pid":"PA363","order":372,"title":"363"},{"pid":"PA364","order":373,"title":"364"},{"pid":"PA365","order":374,"title":"365"},{"pid":"PA366","order":375,"title":"366"},{"pid":"PA367","order":376,"title":"367"},{"pid":"PA368","order":377,"title":"368"},{"pid":"PA369","order":378,"title":"369"},{"pid":"PA370","order":379,"title":"370"},{"pid":"PA371","order":380,"title":"371"},{"pid":"PA372","order":381,"title":"372"},{"pid":"PA373","order":382,"title":"373"},{"pid":"PA374","order":383,"title":"374"},{"pid":"PA375","order":384,"title":"375"},{"pid":"PA376","order":385,"title":"376"},{"pid":"PA377","order":386,"title":"377"},{"pid":"PA378","order":387,"title":"378"},{"pid":"PA379","order":388,"title":"379"},{"pid":"PA380","order":389,"title":"380"},{"pid":"PA381","order":390,"title":"381"},{"pid":"PA382","order":391,"title":"382"},{"pid":"PA383","order":392,"title":"383"},{"pid":"PA384","order":393,"title":"384"},{"pid":"PA385","order":394,"title":"385"},{"pid":"PA386","order":395,"title":"386"},{"pid":"PA387","order":396,"title":"387"},{"pid":"PA388","order":397,"title":"388"},{"pid":"PA389","order":398,"title":"389"},{"pid":"PA390","order":399,"title":"390"},{"pid":"PA391","order":400,"title":"391"},{"pid":"PA392","order":401,"title":"392"},{"pid":"PA393","order":402,"title":"393"},{"pid":"PA394","order":403,"title":"394"},{"pid":"PA395","order":404,"title":"395"},{"pid":"PA396","order":405,"title":"396"},{"pid":"PA397","order":406,"title":"397"},{"pid":"PA398","order":407,"title":"398"},{"pid":"PA399","order":408,"title":"399"},{"pid":"PA400","order":409,"title":"400"},{"pid":"PA401","order":410,"title":"401"},{"pid":"PA402","order":411,"title":"402"},{"pid":"PA403","order":412,"title":"403"},{"pid":"PA404","order":413,"title":"404"},{"pid":"PA405","order":414,"title":"405"},{"pid":"PA409","order":418,"title":"409"},{"pid":"PA410","order":419,"title":"410"},{"pid":"PA412","order":421,"title":"412"},{"pid":"PA413","order":422,"title":"413"},{"pid":"PA416","order":425,"title":"416"},{"pid":"PA417","order":426,"title":"417"},{"pid":"PA418","order":427,"title":"418"},{"pid":"PA421","order":430,"title":"421"},{"pid":"PA422","order":431,"title":"422"},{"pid":"PA423","order":432,"title":"423"},{"pid":"PA424","order":433,"title":"424"},{"pid":"PA425","order":434,"title":"425"},{"pid":"PA426","order":435,"title":"426"},{"pid":"PA427","order":436,"title":"427"},{"pid":"PA428","order":437,"title":"428"},{"pid":"PA429","order":438,"title":"429"},{"pid":"PA430","order":439,"title":"430"},{"pid":"PA432","order":441,"title":"432"},{"pid":"PA434","order":443,"title":"434"},{"pid":"PA435","order":444,"title":"435"},{"pid":"PA436","order":445,"title":"436"},{"pid":"PA438","order":447,"title":"438"},{"pid":"PA439","order":448,"title":"439"},{"pid":"PA440","order":449,"title":"440"},{"pid":"PA441","order":450,"title":"441"},{"pid":"PA442","order":451,"title":"442"},{"pid":"PA443","order":452,"title":"443"},{"pid":"PA444","order":453,"title":"444"},{"pid":"PA445","order":454,"title":"445"},{"pid":"PA446","order":455,"title":"446"},{"pid":"PA448","order":457,"title":"448"},{"pid":"PA450","order":459,"title":"450"},{"pid":"PA451","order":460,"title":"451"},{"pid":"PA452","order":461,"title":"452"},{"pid":"PA453","order":462,"title":"453"},{"pid":"PA454","order":463,"title":"454"},{"pid":"PA455","order":464,"title":"455"},{"pid":"PA457","order":466,"title":"457"},{"pid":"PA458","order":467,"title":"458"},{"pid":"PA459","order":468,"title":"459"},{"pid":"PA460","order":469,"title":"460"},{"pid":"PA464","order":473,"title":"464"},{"pid":"PA466","order":475,"title":"466"},{"pid":"PA468","order":477,"title":"468"},{"pid":"PA470","order":479,"title":"470"},{"pid":"PA472","order":481,"title":"472"},{"pid":"PA473","order":482,"title":"473"},{"pid":"PA475","order":484,"title":"475"},{"pid":"PA478","order":487,"title":"478"},{"pid":"PA480","order":489,"title":"480"},{"pid":"PA482","order":491,"title":"482"},{"pid":"PA483","order":492,"title":"483"},{"pid":"PA484","order":493,"title":"484"},{"pid":"PA486","order":495,"title":"486"},{"pid":"PA488","order":497,"title":"488"},{"pid":"PA489","order":498,"title":"489"},{"pid":"PA490","order":499,"title":"490"},{"pid":"PA491","order":500,"title":"491"},{"pid":"PA492","order":501,"title":"492"},{"pid":"PA494","order":503,"title":"494"},{"pid":"PA495","order":504,"title":"495"},{"pid":"PA496","order":505,"title":"496"},{"pid":"PA499","order":508,"title":"499"},{"pid":"PA501","order":510,"title":"501"},{"pid":"PA503","order":512,"title":"503"},{"pid":"PA504","order":513,"title":"504"},{"pid":"PA505","order":514,"title":"505"},{"pid":"PA506","order":515,"title":"506"},{"pid":"PA507","order":516,"title":"507"},{"pid":"PA508","order":517,"title":"508"},{"pid":"PA512","order":521,"title":"512"},{"pid":"PA513","order":522,"title":"513"},{"pid":"PA514","order":523,"title":"514"},{"pid":"PA516","order":525,"title":"516"},{"pid":"PA517","order":526,"title":"517"},{"pid":"PA521","order":530,"title":"521"},{"pid":"PA522","order":531,"title":"522"},{"pid":"PA523","order":532,"title":"523"},{"pid":"PA524","order":533,"title":"524"},{"pid":"PA525","order":534,"title":"525"},{"pid":"PA526","order":535,"title":"526"},{"pid":"PA527","order":536,"title":"527"},{"pid":"PA528","order":537,"title":"528"},{"pid":"PA529","order":538,"title":"529"},{"pid":"PA530","order":539,"title":"530"},{"pid":"PA531","order":540,"title":"531"},{"pid":"PA533","order":542,"title":"533"},{"pid":"PA535","order":544,"title":"535"},{"pid":"PA537","order":546,"title":"537"},{"pid":"PA538","order":547,"title":"538"},{"pid":"PA540","order":549,"title":"540"},{"pid":"PA542","order":551,"title":"542"},{"pid":"PA543","order":552,"title":"543"},{"pid":"PA545","order":554,"title":"545"},{"pid":"PA548","order":557,"title":"548"},{"pid":"PA549","order":558,"title":"549"},{"pid":"PA550","order":559,"title":"550"},{"pid":"PA552","order":561,"title":"552"},{"pid":"PA553","order":562,"title":"553"},{"pid":"PA555","order":564,"title":"555"},{"pid":"PA557","order":566,"title":"557"},{"pid":"PA559","order":568,"title":"559"},{"pid":"PA560","order":569,"title":"560"},{"pid":"PA561","order":570,"title":"561"},{"pid":"PA562","order":571,"title":"562"},{"pid":"PA563","order":572,"title":"563"},{"pid":"PA564","order":573,"title":"564"},{"pid":"PA565","order":574,"title":"565"},{"pid":"PA566","order":575,"title":"566"},{"pid":"PA567","order":576,"title":"567"},{"pid":"PA568","order":577,"title":"568"},{"pid":"PA569","order":578,"title":"569"},{"pid":"PA570","order":579,"title":"570"},{"pid":"PA571","order":580,"title":"571"},{"pid":"PA572","order":581,"title":"572"},{"pid":"PA574","order":583,"title":"574"},{"pid":"PA575","order":584,"title":"575"},{"pid":"PA576","order":585,"title":"576"},{"pid":"PA577","order":586,"title":"577"},{"pid":"PA578","order":587,"title":"578"},{"pid":"PA579","order":588,"title":"579"},{"pid":"PA582","order":591,"title":"582"},{"pid":"PA584","order":593,"title":"584"},{"pid":"PA585","order":594,"title":"585"},{"pid":"PA586","order":595,"title":"586"},{"pid":"PA587","order":596,"title":"587"},{"pid":"PA588","order":597,"title":"588"},{"pid":"PA590","order":599,"title":"590"},{"pid":"PA593","order":602,"title":"593"},{"pid":"PA594","order":603,"title":"594"},{"pid":"PA595","order":604,"title":"595"},{"pid":"PA596","order":605,"title":"596"},{"pid":"PA597","order":606,"title":"597"},{"pid":"PA598","order":607,"title":"598"},{"pid":"PA603","order":612,"title":"603"},{"pid":"PA607","order":616,"title":"607"},{"pid":"PA609","order":618,"title":"609"},{"pid":"PA610","flags":8,"order":619,"title":"610"},{"pid":"PA611","flags":8,"order":620,"title":"611"},{"pid":"PA612","flags":8,"order":621,"title":"612"},{"pid":"PA613","flags":8,"order":622,"title":"613"},{"pid":"PA614","flags":8,"order":623,"title":"614"},{"pid":"PA616","order":625,"title":"616"},{"pid":"PA617","order":626,"title":"617"},{"pid":"PA619","order":628,"title":"619"},{"pid":"PA622","order":631,"title":"622"},{"pid":"PA625","order":634,"title":"625"},{"pid":"PA626","order":635,"title":"626"},{"pid":"PA627","order":636,"title":"627"},{"pid":"PA628","order":637,"title":"628"},{"pid":"PA629","order":638,"title":"629"},{"pid":"PA630","order":639,"title":"630"},{"pid":"PA631","order":640,"title":"631"},{"pid":"PA633","order":642,"title":"633"},{"pid":"PA634","order":643,"title":"634"},{"pid":"PA636","order":645,"title":"636"},{"pid":"PA638","order":647,"title":"638"},{"pid":"PA639","order":648,"title":"639"},{"pid":"PA642","order":651,"title":"642"},{"pid":"PA643","order":652,"title":"643"},{"pid":"PA644","order":653,"title":"644"},{"pid":"PA645","order":654,"title":"645"},{"pid":"PA646","order":655,"title":"646"},{"pid":"PA647","order":656,"title":"647"},{"pid":"PA649","order":658,"title":"649"},{"pid":"PA650","order":659,"title":"650"},{"pid":"PA651","order":660,"title":"651"},{"pid":"PA652","order":661,"title":"652"},{"pid":"PA656","order":665,"title":"656"},{"pid":"PA657","order":666,"title":"657"},{"pid":"PA658","order":667,"title":"658"},{"pid":"PA659","order":668,"title":"659"},{"pid":"PA660","order":669,"title":"660"},{"pid":"PA662","order":671,"title":"662"},{"pid":"PA663","order":672,"title":"663"},{"pid":"PA666","order":675,"title":"666"},{"pid":"PA667","order":676,"title":"667"},{"pid":"PA668","order":677,"title":"668"},{"pid":"PA669","order":678,"title":"669"},{"pid":"PA670","order":679,"title":"670"},{"pid":"PA673","order":682,"title":"673"},{"pid":"PA674","order":683,"title":"674"},{"pid":"PA675","order":684,"title":"675"},{"pid":"PA679","order":688,"title":"679"},{"pid":"PA686","order":695,"title":"686"},{"pid":"PA687","order":696,"title":"687"},{"pid":"PA690","order":699,"title":"690"},{"pid":"PA692","order":701,"title":"692"},{"pid":"PA693","order":702,"title":"693"},{"pid":"PA695","order":704,"title":"695"},{"pid":"PA696","order":705,"title":"696"},{"pid":"PA698","order":707,"title":"698"},{"pid":"PA699","order":708,"title":"699"},{"pid":"PA700","order":709,"title":"700"},{"pid":"PA701","order":710,"title":"701"},{"pid":"PA702","order":711,"title":"702"},{"pid":"PA703","order":712,"title":"703"},{"pid":"PA704","order":713,"title":"704"},{"pid":"PA705","order":714,"title":"705"},{"pid":"PA706","order":715,"title":"706"},{"pid":"PA709","order":718,"title":"709"},{"pid":"PA710","order":719,"title":"710"},{"pid":"PA712","order":721,"title":"712"},{"pid":"PA713","order":722,"title":"713"},{"pid":"PA715","order":724,"title":"715"},{"pid":"PA716","order":725,"title":"716"},{"pid":"PA717","order":726,"title":"717"},{"pid":"PA718","order":727,"title":"718"},{"pid":"PA722","order":731,"title":"722"},{"pid":"PA723","order":732,"title":"723"},{"pid":"PA727","order":736,"title":"727"},{"pid":"PA729","order":738,"title":"729"},{"pid":"PA730","order":739,"title":"730"},{"pid":"PA732","order":741,"title":"732"},{"pid":"PA733","order":742,"title":"733"},{"pid":"PA735","order":744,"title":"735"},{"pid":"PA736","order":745,"title":"736"},{"pid":"PA738","order":747,"title":"738"},{"pid":"PA742","order":751,"title":"742"},{"pid":"PA743","order":752,"title":"743"},{"pid":"PA746","order":755,"title":"746"},{"pid":"PA747","order":756,"title":"747"},{"pid":"PA749","order":758,"title":"749"},{"pid":"PA750","order":759,"title":"750"},{"pid":"PA751","order":760,"title":"751"},{"pid":"PA752","order":761,"title":"752"},{"pid":"PA753","order":762,"title":"753"},{"pid":"PA754","order":763,"title":"754"},{"pid":"PA755","order":764,"title":"755"},{"pid":"PA757","order":766,"title":"757"},{"pid":"PA758","order":767,"title":"758"},{"pid":"PA759","order":768,"title":"759"},{"pid":"PA760","order":769,"title":"760"},{"pid":"PA763","order":772,"title":"763"},{"pid":"PA764","order":773,"title":"764"},{"pid":"PA765","order":774,"title":"765"},{"pid":"PA766","order":775,"title":"766"},{"pid":"PA767","order":776,"title":"767"},{"pid":"PA771","order":780,"title":"771"},{"pid":"PA776","order":785,"title":"776"},{"pid":"PA778","order":787,"title":"778"},{"pid":"PA780","order":789,"title":"780"},{"pid":"PA781","order":790,"title":"781"},{"pid":"PA782","order":791,"title":"782"},{"pid":"PA783","order":792,"title":"783"},{"pid":"PA784","order":793,"title":"784"},{"pid":"PA785","order":794,"title":"785"},{"pid":"PA787","order":796,"title":"787"},{"pid":"PA788","order":797,"title":"788"},{"pid":"PA789","order":798,"title":"789"},{"pid":"PA790","order":799,"title":"790"},{"pid":"PA791","order":800,"title":"791"},{"pid":"PA792","order":801,"title":"792"},{"pid":"PA793","order":802,"title":"793"},{"pid":"PA795","order":804,"title":"795"},{"pid":"PA796","order":805,"title":"796"},{"pid":"PA797","order":806,"title":"797"},{"pid":"PA798","order":807,"title":"798"},{"pid":"PA799","order":808,"title":"799"},{"pid":"PA800","order":809,"title":"800"},{"pid":"PA801","order":810,"title":"801"},{"pid":"PA802","order":811,"title":"802"},{"pid":"PA803","order":812,"title":"803"},{"pid":"PA804","order":813,"title":"804"},{"pid":"PA805","order":814,"title":"805"},{"pid":"PA806","order":815,"title":"806"},{"pid":"PA807","order":816,"title":"807"},{"pid":"PA808","order":817,"title":"808"},{"pid":"PA809","order":818,"title":"809"},{"pid":"PA810","order":819,"title":"810"},{"pid":"PA811","order":820,"title":"811"},{"pid":"PA812","order":821,"title":"812"},{"pid":"PA813","order":822,"title":"813"},{"pid":"PA814","order":823,"title":"814"},{"pid":"PA815","order":824,"title":"815"},{"pid":"PA816","order":825,"title":"816"},{"pid":"PA817","order":826,"title":"817"}],"prefix":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ\u0026lpg=PA611"},{"fullview":false,"page_width":575,"page_height":853,"font_height":11,"first_content_page":10,"disable_twopage":true,"initial_zoom_width_override":685,"show_print_pages_button":false,"title":"East Meets West in the Middle Ages and Early Modern Times","subtitle":"Transcultural Experiences in the Premodern World","attribution":"edited by Albrecht Classen","additional_info":{"[JsonBookInfo]":{"BuyLinks":[{"Seller":"Amazon.com","Url":"http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books\u0026linkCode=qs\u0026keywords=9783110321517","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-google-print\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=snPnBQAAQBAJ\u0026q=http://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9783110321517\u0026usg=AOvVaw2bAfBBPviFpRSAKspm4RgS"},{"Seller":"MPH","Url":"http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail\u0026pcode=9783110321517","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-google-print\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=snPnBQAAQBAJ\u0026q=http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9783110321517\u0026usg=AOvVaw2G6oNtNDyDTAxZ3_TULmaR"},{"Seller":"Popular","Url":"https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9783110321517","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-google-print\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=snPnBQAAQBAJ\u0026q=https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9783110321517\u0026usg=AOvVaw1aV5dUOf489TQL6L4c1oLw"}],"AboutUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ","PreviewUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ","allowed_syndication_flags":{"allow_disabling_chrome":true},"online_access":{"url":"https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ\u0026rdid=book-snPnBQAAQBAJ\u0026rdot=1","price":"SGD聽195.13","list_price":"SGD聽278.76"},"TocLine":[{"Title":"Many Untold Stories About Connections and Contacts Understanding and Misunderstanding Also an Introduction","Pid":"PA1","PgNum":"1","Order":10},{"Title":"A Case of Historiographical Incommensurability ","Pid":"PA223","PgNum":"223","Order":232},{"Title":"Visions of Desire and a Unified Christendom in the AngloSaxon Wonders of the East","Pid":"PA243","PgNum":"243","Order":252},{"Title":"Competing Hellenisms in the Alexiad of Anna Komnene and her Contemporaries","Pid":"PA263","PgNum":"263","Order":272},{"Title":"A Hierarchical Model of Social Interaction in the Principalities of Outremer","Pid":"PA291","PgNum":"291","Order":300},{"Title":"Interpreters and Intermediaries in the Kingdom of Jerusalem","Pid":"PA311","PgNum":"311","Order":320},{"Title":"Chapter 6 East Meets West and the Problem with Those Pictures","Pid":"PA341","PgNum":"341","Order":350},{"Title":"Holy Land and the Heathen","Pid":"PA389","PgNum":"389","Order":398},{"Title":"The Beliefs of the Muslim Pagans in Parzival and Willehalm","Pid":"PA427","PgNum":"427","Order":436},{"Title":"Muslims as Barbarians in Crusades Era Sources","Pid":"PA443","PgNum":"443","Order":452},{"Title":"Fictionality as a Springboard for NonXenophobic Approaches in the Middle Ages Herzog Ernst Wolfram von Eschenbach Konrad von W眉rzburg Die Heidin and Fortunatus","Pid":"PA457","PgNum":"457","Order":466},{"Title":"The Space of Narrative","Pid":"PA489","PgNum":"489","Order":498},{"Title":"They are Us","Pid":"PA505","PgNum":"505","Order":514},{"Title":"Muslims Mongols and the Man Who Knew Everything","Pid":"PA523","PgNum":"523","Order":532},{"Title":"Understated Authenticity","Pid":"PA575","PgNum":"575","Order":584},{"Title":"Marco Millioni Mirabilia and the Medieval Imagination or the Impact of Genre on European Curiositas","Pid":"PA595","PgNum":"595","Order":604},{"Title":"From ArRazi to Henry de Mondeville","Pid":"PA611","PgNum":"611","Order":620},{"Title":"Chapter 17 West枚stliche Dialoge in der M枚rin Hermanns von Sachsenheim 1453","Pid":"PA625","PgNum":"625","Order":634},{"Title":"Chapter 18 La repr茅sentation de lOrient dans les Essais de Montaigne","Pid":"PA649","PgNum":"649","Order":658},{"Title":"Chapter 19 The Strange Journey of Christian Rosencreutz","Pid":"PA667","PgNum":"667","Order":676},{"Title":"The Travels of Ilyas bin Hanna alMawsuli in Colonial Latin America 16751683","Pid":"PA699","PgNum":"699","Order":708},{"Title":"Chapter 21 Orientalism in Early Modern Europe?","Pid":"PA715","PgNum":"715","Order":724},{"Title":"The Portrait of JeanBaptiste Tavernier in Les six voyages","Pid":"PA757","PgNum":"757","Order":766},{"Title":"List of Illustrations ","Pid":"PA781","PgNum":"781","Order":790},{"Title":"Contributors ","Pid":"PA787","PgNum":"787","Order":796}]}},"table_of_contents_page_id":"PR5","max_resolution_image_width":1280,"max_resolution_image_height":1898,"num_toc_pages":5,"quality_info":"We have no quality information about this book.","volume_id":"snPnBQAAQBAJ","permission_info":"Pages displayed by permission of \u003ca class=link_aux href=\"https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PA611\u0026q=http://www.degruyter.com\u0026linkid=1\u0026usg=AOvVaw3n7w-bVpO7PxChVPQF2j3U\u0026source=gbs_pub_info_r\"\u003eWalter de Gruyter\u003c/a\u003e","is_ebook":true,"volumeresult":{"has_flowing_text":false,"has_scanned_text":true,"can_download_pdf":false,"can_download_epub":false,"is_pdf_drm_enabled":false,"is_epub_drm_enabled":false},"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter","publication_date":"2013.09.03","subject":"Literary Criticism","num_pages":827,"sample_url":"https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=snPnBQAAQBAJ\u0026source=gbs_vpt_hover","synposis":"This new volume explores the surprisingly intense and complex relationships between East and West during the Middle Ages and the early modern world, combining a large number of critical studies representing such diverse fields as literary (German, French, Italian, English, Spanish, and Arabic) and other subdisciplines of history, religion, anthropology, and linguistics. The differences between Islam and Christianity erected strong barriers separating two global cultures, but, as this volume indicates, despite many attempts to 'Other' the opposing side, the premodern world experienced an astonishing degree of contacts, meetings, exchanges, and influences. Scientists, travelers, authors, medical researchers, chroniclers, diplomats, and merchants criss-crossed the East and the West, or studied the sources produced by the other culture for many different reasons. As much as the theoretical concept of 'Orientalism' has been useful in sensitizing us to the fundamental tensions and conflicts separating both worlds at least since the eighteenth century, the premodern world did not quite yet operate in such an ideological framework. Even though the Crusades had violently pitted Christians against Muslims, there were countless contacts and a palpitable curiosity on both sides both before, during, and after those religious warfares. ","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false,"last_page":{"pid":"PA818","order":827,"title":"818"}},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DsnPnBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA611%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PA611","flags":8,"order":620}]},null,null,{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>