CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913521ff98bfce55',cH: 'dz1s4n4phAkkCfB_SXOIRmpKWT72zx5Dm_dnlLJyHeQ-1739788549-1.2.1.1-qUnJKAaIQ2pyJ3Q7C2PYb8lQX5Ii6d7_p6gOapCM5Tzfd6RCooh9OJj.Hf0i15ls',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=pregnancy%20complications&__cf_chl_tk=Fd2HTCxLgYafR9zjK7Ii8qoXedXHnLn.QKKImAwMpPw-1739788549-1.0.1.1-mUhMaWTsaRz_1Olg4TYcn3YiLSNYVOSq425kuAIZ2fs",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739788549',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=pregnancy%20complications&__cf_chl_f_tk=Fd2HTCxLgYafR9zjK7Ii8qoXedXHnLn.QKKImAwMpPw-1739788549-1.0.1.1-mUhMaWTsaRz_1Olg4TYcn3YiLSNYVOSq425kuAIZ2fs",md: "hzScNqY1cAN9VWYvhvpYJFbP3y8XYJuvGQVlfueU9PI-1739788549-1.2.1.1-IB7pMwi4JfRTH9OYG1GlqutMZpMx1Z1sNtWJa4yMdc5OLgD8RJ0Ox6ayimvsbcb73F.nBRLfD_a1dBIj4XYrGyTjvAs8Uwhu3sHeFEzPkA9BvPtQEXjuWdrF8MvcyxbD6yWvoEPeizSdk0Rq6B9bsMmpuSMbtWo8ZJZ_pfn6LpxW59FbfuW0jzhDZB7_xTWCSf8SwZD7Zjy10et8LbUXdKsRrOon0MTy55W9dvO5fcnsx2uZg7Yyi2ARw8caDSn3uSLORVUHNGM1kivOem6JoTchcHpGCQkNEWQNZPCR9qdRRll_WeiJ6f2eomw.agtZQ.UONwTYDlAnUBE3TwGq0d6vg8EBXTTwIhaRqIcObgc26FtNYSdZVu8z5FYpZ.T3e4Nu3QMKXrmyCULsNKIikxcd4Xh7VqDLUkLKd6dxinksce9CNcn7Ev9JvRW1eeUOrazN0BWHcaS1EOkJVzmUlXPGjONMpD9foIr01AQhD5XTezh1yjUYRcIIHqkQ5rQduENgGVkXa7Vl0sBmru9hMdBX3kUp75PqY4wg0jRoBGlD9IQ62wD6oS8GxveZqMH6B.9spYVMNK0n7n6h465IVypc9CuaDLHOhxWjJTMBx4k5oNB_r5fOBk75L4VHDmbbs.vXmxRcoQyum4_A.Mn5Qww6ZhNXfB7rvtL4c.lDWwZ_eRamAHM5ZBO52lqqHXAxxMXID3HmC__xnE_KD2ooa05IpahTnrDEx2x5WgDCh_DyI.ydlWOsdpy2ZYrKwW1rD7BQHAA8Zn6oLNR3p4cdLcWW.r_pDpSwGtfJm2AponRTMer3uHfeyNN1WywVapZCRJVPFy2BjWvk7lnKlrGcuScnwRia2Xs6ZKQXl6_XzH7BbkI7P8FEx0klT6WjPznei8vq6KUymNXK_P1z5vB0HnBwF7xFj86tORg7J92TvxYFBHbYTIh0uasWfxDqWhsxwOJVYGr1_0G3npSuWy6CT8qX9Me29AfJ9gJNvWmTUDc9Vc7P9EWR0NhmsGo3pg3nW9U6aCYAe9v2LvDPM0JG0zufp0E6KyTb7uoX5FKHPeT5N7_9JkTGUSkv7dDJCdI0aZyLRvW41W0i3Fm5nYdXstGKv533yqStey_KDajHM5ZVWoEfY_J2tWtSvL8995bdvm5_QuQiXakkPilSn2xlRiH3aBeNDfHESiMErevKr0g6BvJGKUtLrKdxuhkLRYcQEhg6WoHbpU4Zolv47Z4OkQHCHaSlbNwOQNlIjA35Gtke.IzHWBO09IYAc7pUbI6fPHm4qKp.d2gDpGUCZHvqsyI3P3zCp0Qo2P6QM0EJBKUOypH8fd4CNHjTZrgjijTVUy_SU342ol7t2wqZ8j0Ncjd.WbSWUQmohbGcixhNS0jUoJziG.UccbGF8OwFTtyKbUR08lN_6KNov7J8zBEVKjLOs2Kg6PHjXe96DtEeg0LY.tjIYfmJclcjZTv424wDkeDZ._cdpC_G68gG91iU0ughj36V6Xov1U.ntce.OxaqwSISKmuuvdGCIR0mdCF8PqA07F3YQmvevo0xdWljN_m8_NJwkcIBrpVRtC60pp4CGX2JiQ8TtU9wzSshwPaSsbTZvqsbxmXVZB_wF_DWJ.lTVJR7Fxvt9lBPtptuNM6e6xQfJkX_xSTMdbDVn1vak.r3vHRh4Zgn_SQHCwAb4LKV58QYSlMQMguECn_MsgLdMpe_Rp_7FOxTuKzl1YpPwQUPf1TT9lcVaAX5S_t8clQvfgFZ_SZAdsINa2lqFq5Rxylh.HyEu.LoxCbgDuAtC0po8mEpdNJA2ZkYZKmA0RVCOXzNdnNOrk4oEdd95RoiGCsGGWng_FfKevUp5BWBooT4HnFVVUOfdVgGK2oBehAhV20u7LPVzKv0s4punwTvuwpk1hqNPAi5vxtpGV2SEctxEWxuw7WG3aEeM7T5fHIOKOJiURVCeEWWS34xl_27V007c4FjJgqxn65NP_r2",mdrd: "X1NaHwS8ySA_Z_qAQjYSRCQIveeuUUY3vCUcskqxJYw-1739788549-1.2.1.1-TlQmsLb3wGoiGCHDinTZwdJxi9OPRqbW1LvSdiTY9XGaP_v2EJIXgSzIc_HodGEPpO5oK5Ds9HFYX9zIgxiQyRLOoT0.aA74lwN3YX5Fziu2VO9a3CKUa2ZuDjZ9b7B9gE1sQpfQhGuGuK0fcGtdkQNAoX4YmGDipOiEAuYDXr_bqe_NgB1o38QHH8xTuxsOhKaAZGlEcVDYMwzhZqMRyMGvKsoGY6Bu1PDzMezZ61q4yDRWcSMmjpbH6bDVO.3IFVVC9jVVhtQsQYG3LLMnJBgquC36_CZ.F8wWy_rR.TkEeqzDS9u4iDyFhN8qFmHCtO72mhPhI4cVjA2C3fpVuFtMDVOLLfamibnbEBPlbQ.jmuiqrPJKIPVoO_aPjSbQ3IHy_m4IYYkhvTtgK5ySWPrpxCR8j..Jd7IhWP5Zzam9ucOVJ.N4LvWeoH_weOgP8u9hJX49mt6VWfjj9_5qbSg8PTkeRpyMGJmy8FyQK24pvvQI7J5G5oAYkUiowsus5r1q3xFHlaFin2CK7lrckENDuHUBjQvqG7lGbMaKf.iZm2Ww1r_4cuyKNzvJqCo1mZGaL8.mX7a0OpdLkLGLZGKUsC.31j.a_CXD7rsA7j41CYrJV5at9U.qgwYIu34BSXXV8huNjK1qZ7HmagHmqGg2ainClxegxrobaU6J5lTVkk7EE9wS94vcCgLQG.Mzk.HzUM80RNLHgYFvCXPVgjGPPfQV3HQVQe6WJayMhfTS6iIGL1cLzHomB__kCdlWb4uVsLDxe0DYaBMKWlcmlljRrxRfU7fwnyYfhwOUp7XjxWhaSr0oTDeoh1RS8ddpPUf9sPixZCkgctycVW7KZ81Him2E9wwbUUeQ6jilDXGInWEjgjAa.KiGq3PJhrINhTxF1Ee0umw.rwF3LgO2dKZuCGO_kobqKjDpvCogMgM1Vx0AOpQmSeRvHl6JXuSmeUy6uyyRb0RuBV_toZ0c4HwloXtB.R_ggp.3zwzUpZfEU.CQB0MGW9eTLEfWoG1a9XUy5difjLXUDAentYDItiHz.JHYFqgvlbsThW6aqZVhTFQL1Rg3spEHTebur4.hiyQHWm1lAPrMaVe3TqE7lZmQBsTiHCOqHOUwiICqUsFgscXr6YErQ5y.tjDQiDdUe7T72vHsM7yPiNhm1x0Cq5QQeAjj2iZ3LF61Xly4lZLnK53.wwcDTKYDKb_TJqFQHZlEwaoo.oqVQm9sQJXEGHYY15nQe6pOx9jcThK3C00ist8Xssb8rLZAUIYi.4p.943lsVDE8M8_qrfguCKWIhkV2DDOgN4bwkhhiwF1troYHp.z9lo1rd5w47sJRMIKObrxuUZlm8ucwcvtRRxQ1EAl608QrAZ7y8PbhCWB887l79vrJHFmI7w.5xmXaL800vWNgdGaOeHv5qenv6ZTfAxJtSvxqtJmKY2JX5ze8bfmw.gaszTHNZltxt1d7OZwjYPTW_MkNc7QFAFRcp.GRW9I3L5jtsuDlVZMSnWeNj7NBhDLLb1L4HYWPeBG_KQewIYT6NB2Cj_V1K_TxC.Udb0H7o65d1UI5CZqs1CLRyNDK3MUnfScc41R2wnwCpPLFdTzSHO5LjsMpWOmwK2W.4NUnl79TLBQ2km0LsUOGZWsxAG1lWThqxsSNR2o3SzcCLFJfUqT2gzucS0CVQA2ZPfBpnt1TLmK6cugwW72IfgIfeBf0iZhoJRrVDZSSlnS245gT3dzWVfqQJnRhd07_z5bHFNSCiKomxIyo7a5G2rTuQk8788j.HujqKT9isBGYACBo2GqZK16vwhDvaUkUd8YbxWu9GcaECQD7cEno.PDMQC.qJtcdvaEC5uieauWPvCyGAV0DX7SeQC9MVFS2K27PK7zYdkMx8Qk0mgmU3DGupIbyksEwqVUY1xAg2LFxlL5viQ3J9ekOGeoVVJ3qzYgtYxxBv81.Uav10MZF_RfcZratSWwWhdfCkcy5udm"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913521ff98bfce55';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=pregnancy%20complications&__cf_chl_rt_tk=Fd2HTCxLgYafR9zjK7Ii8qoXedXHnLn.QKKImAwMpPw-1739788549-1.0.1.1-mUhMaWTsaRz_1Olg4TYcn3YiLSNYVOSq425kuAIZ2fs" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>