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engineering</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: tissue engineering"> <meta name="keywords" content="tissue engineering"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="tissue engineering"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3172</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: tissue engineering</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3172</span> Management and Evaluating Technologies of Tissue Engineering Various Fields of Bone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arash%20Sepehri%20Bonab">Arash Sepehri Bonab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Techniques to switch cells between development and differentiation, which tend to be commonly exclusive, are utilized in arrange to supply an expansive cell mass that can perform particular separated capacities required for the tissue to develop. Approaches to tissue engineering center on the have to give signals to cell populaces to advance cell multiplication and separation. Current tissue regenerative procedures depend primarily on tissue repair by transplantation of synthetic/natural inserts. In any case, restrictions on the existing procedures have expanded the request for tissue designing approaches. Tissue engineering innovation and stem cell investigation based on tissue building have made awesome advances in overcoming the issues of tissue and organ damage, useful loss, and surgical complications. Bone tissue has the capability to recover itself; in any case, surrenders of a basic estimate anticipate the bone from recovering and require extra support. The advancement of bone tissue building has been utilized to form useful options to recover the bone. This paper primarily portrays current advances in tissue engineering in different fields of bone and talks about the long-term trend of tissue designing innovation in the treatment of complex diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering" title="tissue engineering">tissue engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone" title=" bone"> bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technologies" title=" technologies"> technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treatment" title=" treatment"> treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149864/management-and-evaluating-technologies-of-tissue-engineering-various-fields-of-bone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149864.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">95</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3171</span> Design and Fabrication of a Scaffold with Appropriate Features for Cartilage Tissue Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20Salehi">S. S. Salehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Shamloo"> A. Shamloo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Poor ability of cartilage tissue when experiencing a damage leads scientists to use tissue engineering as a reliable and effective method for regenerating or replacing damaged tissues. An artificial tissue should have some features such as biocompatibility, biodegradation and, enough mechanical properties like the original tissue. In this work, a composite hydrogel is prepared by using natural and synthetic materials that has high porosity. Mechanical properties of different combinations of polymers such as modulus of elasticity were tested, and a hydrogel with good mechanical properties was selected. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells were also seeded into the pores of the sponge, and the results showed the adhesion and proliferation of cells within the hydrogel after one month. In comparison with previous works, this study offers a new and efficient procedure for the fabrication of cartilage like tissue and further cartilage repair. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cartilage%20tissue%20engineering" title="cartilage tissue engineering">cartilage tissue engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogel" title=" hydrogel"> hydrogel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20strength" title=" mechanical strength"> mechanical strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesenchymal%20stem%20cell" title=" mesenchymal stem cell"> mesenchymal stem cell</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65407/design-and-fabrication-of-a-scaffold-with-appropriate-features-for-cartilage-tissue-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3170</span> The Use of Gelatin in Biomedical Engineering: Halal Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syazwani%20Ramli">Syazwani Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhidayu%20Muhamad%20Zain"> Norhidayu Muhamad Zain</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, the use of gelatin as biomaterials in tissue engineering are evolving especially in skin graft and wound dressing applications. Towards year 2018, Malaysia is in the way of planning to get the halal certification for biomedical device in order to cater the needs of Muslims and non-Muslims in Malaysia. However, the use of gelatins in tissue engineering are mostly derived from non-halal sources. Currently, gelatin production mostly comes from mammalian gelatin sources. Moreover, within these past years, just a few studies of the uses of gelatin in tissue engineering from halal perspective has been studied. Thus, this paper aims to give overview of the use of gelatin from different sources from halal perspectives. This review also discussing the current status of halal for the emerging biomedical devices. In addition, the different sources of gelatin used in tissue engineering are being identified and provides better alternatives for halal gelatin. Cold- water fish skin gelatin could be an effective alternative to substitute the mammalian sources. Therefore, this review is important because the information about the halal biomedical devices will delighted Muslim consumers and give better insight of halal gelatin in tissue engineering application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomedical%20device" title="biomedical device">biomedical device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gelatin" title=" gelatin"> gelatin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=halal" title=" halal"> halal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20graft" title=" skin graft"> skin graft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering" title=" tissue engineering"> tissue engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85056/the-use-of-gelatin-in-biomedical-engineering-halal-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3169</span> Analysis of Patent Protection of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffold Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunwei%20Zhang">Yunwei Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Na%20Li"> Na Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuhong%20Niu"> Yuhong Niu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bone tissue engineering scaffold was regarded as an important clinical technology of curing bony defect. The patent protection of bone tissue engineering scaffold had been paid more attention and strengthened all over the world. This study analyzed the future development trends of international technologies in the field of bone tissue engineering scaffold and its patent protection. This study used the methods of data classification and classification indexing to analyze 2718 patents retrieved in the patent database. Results showed that the patents coming from United States had a competitive advantage over other countiries in the field of bone tissue engineering scaffold. The number of patent applications by a single company in U.S. was a quarter of that of the world. However, the capability of R&D in China was obviously weaker than global level, patents mainly coming from universities and scientific research institutions. Moreover, it would be predicted that synthetic organic materials as new materials would be gradually replaced by composite materials. The patent technology protections of composite materials would be more strengthened in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20tissue%20engineering" title="bone tissue engineering">bone tissue engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patent%20analysis" title=" patent analysis"> patent analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Scaffold%20material" title=" Scaffold material"> Scaffold material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patent%20protection" title=" patent protection"> patent protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105186/analysis-of-patent-protection-of-bone-tissue-engineering-scaffold-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3168</span> Numerical Modelling of Effective Diffusivity in Bone Tissue Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Sohail">Ayesha Sohail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khadija%20Maqbool"> Khadija Maqbool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anila%20Asif"> Anila Asif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haroon%20Ahmad"> Haroon Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The field of tissue engineering is an active area of research. Bone tissue engineering helps to resolve the clinical problems of critical size and non-healing defects by the creation of man-made bone tissue. We will design and validate an efficient numerical model, which will simulate the effective diffusivity in bone tissue engineering. Our numerical model will be based on the finite element analysis of the diffusion-reaction equations. It will have the ability to optimize the diffusivity, even at multi-scale, with the variation of time. It will also have a special feature, with which we will not only be able to predict the oxygen, glucose and cell density dynamics, more accurately, but will also sort the issues arising due to anisotropy. We will fix these problems with the help of modifying the governing equations, by selecting appropriate spatio-temporal finite element schemes, by adaptive grid refinement strategy and by transient analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffolds" title="scaffolds">scaffolds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity" title=" porosity"> porosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusion" title=" diffusion"> diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transient%20analysis" title=" transient analysis"> transient analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18702/numerical-modelling-of-effective-diffusivity-in-bone-tissue-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">541</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3167</span> Application of Bioreactors in Regenerative Dentistry: Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neeraj%20Malhotra">Neeraj Malhotra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Bioreactors in tissue engineering are used as devices that apply mechanical means to influence biological processes. They are commonly employed for stem cell culturing, growth and expansion as well as in 3D tissue culture. Contemporarily there use is well established and is tested extensively in the medical sciences, for tissue-regeneration and tissue engineering of organs like bone, cartilage, blood vessels, skin grafts, cardiac muscle etc. Methodology: Literature search, both electronic and hand search, was done using the following MeSH and keywords: bioreactors, bioreactors and dentistry, bioreactors & dental tissue engineering, bioreactors and regenerative dentistry. Articles published only in English language were included for review. Results: Bioreactors like, spinner flask-, rotating wall-, flow perfusion-, and micro-bioreactors and in-vivo bioreactor have been employed and tested for the regeneration of dental and like-tissues. These include gingival tissue, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, mucosa, cementum and blood vessels. Based on their working dynamics they can be customized in future for regeneration of pulp tissue and whole tooth regeneration. Apart from this, they have been successfully used in testing the clinical efficacy and biological safety of dental biomaterials. Conclusion: Bioreactors have potential use in testing dental biomaterials and tissue engineering approaches aimed at regenerative dentistry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioreactors" title="bioreactors">bioreactors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20process" title=" biological process"> biological process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20stimulation" title=" mechanical stimulation"> mechanical stimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20dentistry" title=" regenerative dentistry"> regenerative dentistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stem%20cells" title=" stem cells"> stem cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80359/application-of-bioreactors-in-regenerative-dentistry-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80359.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3166</span> Self-Regenerating, Vascularizing Hybrid Scaffold-Hydrogel For Bone Tissue Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisha%20Gupta">Alisha Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis which is a degenerative joint disease causing joints to begin to break down and underlying bones to change. This “wear and tear” most frequently affects hands, hips, and knees. This is important because OA pain is considered to be a leading cause of mobility impairment in older adults, with hip and knee OA ranked 11th highest contributors to global disability. Bone tissue engineering utilizing polymer scaffolds and hydrogels is an emerging field for treating osteoarthritis. Polymer scaffolds provide a three-dimensional structure for tissue growth, and hydrogels can be used to deliver drugs and growth factors. The combination of the two materials creates a hybrid structure that can better withstand physiological and mechanical demands while also providing a more controlled environment for drug and nutrient delivery. I think using bone tissue engineering for making scaffold-hydrogel composites that are self-regenerating and vascularizing might be useful in solving this problem. Successful implementation can reconstruct healthy, simulated bone tissue on deficient applicants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering" title="tissue engineering">tissue engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regenerative%20medicine" title=" regenerative medicine"> regenerative medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffold-hydrogel%20composites" title=" scaffold-hydrogel composites"> scaffold-hydrogel composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoarthritis" title=" osteoarthritis"> osteoarthritis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160621/self-regenerating-vascularizing-hybrid-scaffold-hydrogel-for-bone-tissue-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3165</span> Suitability Evaluation of CNW as Scaffold for Osteoblast</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoo%20Cheol%20Lee">Hoo Cheol Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae%20Seung%20Kim"> Dae Seung Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sang%20Myung%20Jung"> Sang Myung Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gwang%20Heum%20Yoon"> Gwang Heum Yoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hwa%20Sung%20Shin"> Hwa Sung Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Loss of bone tissue can occur due to a bone tissue disease and aging or fracture. Renewable formation of bone is mainly made by its differentiation and metabolism. For this reason, osteoblasts have been studied for regeneration of bone tissue. So, tissue engineering has attracted attention as a recovery means. In tissue engineering, a particularly important factor is a scaffold that supports cell growth. For osteoblast scaffold, we used the cellulose nanowhisker (CNW) extracted from marine organism. CNW is one of an abundant material obtained from a number of plants and animals. CNW is polymer consisting of monomer cellulose and this composition offers biodegradability and biocompatibility to CNW. Mechanical strength of CNW is superior to the existing natural polymers. In addition, substances of marine origin have a low risk of secondary infection by bacteria and pathogen in contrast with those of land-derived. For evaluating its suitability as an osteoblast scaffold, we fabricate CNW film for osteoblast culture and performed the MTT assay and ALP assay to confirm its cytotoxicity and effect on differentiation. Taking together these results, we assessed CNW is a potential candidate of a material for bone tissue regeneration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20regeneration" title="bone regeneration">bone regeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cellulose%20nanowhisker" title=" cellulose nanowhisker"> cellulose nanowhisker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marine%20derived%20material" title=" marine derived material"> marine derived material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoblast" title=" osteoblast"> osteoblast</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7802/suitability-evaluation-of-cnw-as-scaffold-for-osteoblast" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7802.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3164</span> Fabrication of Optical Tissue Phantoms Simulating Human Skin and Their Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jihoon%20Park">Jihoon Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sungkon%20Yu"> Sungkon Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byungjo%20Jung"> Byungjo Jung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although various optical tissue phantoms (OTPs) simulating human skin have been actively studied, their completeness is unclear because skin tissue has the intricate optical property and complicated structure disturbing the optical simulation. In this study, we designed multilayer OTP mimicking skin structure, and fabricated OTP models simulating skin-blood vessel and skin pigmentation in the skin, which are useful in Biomedical optics filed. The OTPs were characterized with the optical property and the cross-sectional structure, and analyzed by using various optical tools such as a laser speckle imaging system, OCT and a digital microscope to show the practicality. The measured optical property was within 5% error, and the thickness of each layer was uniform within 10% error in micrometer scale. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20vessel" title="blood vessel">blood vessel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20tissue%20phantom" title=" optical tissue phantom"> optical tissue phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20property" title=" optical property"> optical property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20tissue" title=" skin tissue"> skin tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pigmentation" title=" pigmentation"> pigmentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68389/fabrication-of-optical-tissue-phantoms-simulating-human-skin-and-their-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68389.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3163</span> Ultrasonic Densitometry of Bone Tissue of Jaws and Phalanges of Fingers in Patients after Orthodontic Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Margarita%20Belousova">Margarita Belousova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ultrasonic densitometry (RU patent № 2541038) was used to assess the density of the bone tissue in the jaws of patients after orthodontic treatment. In addition, by ultrasonic densitometry assessed the state of the bone tissue in the region III phalanges of middle fingers in above mentioned patients. A comparative study was carried out in healthy volunteers of same age. It was established a significant decrease of the ultrasound wave speed and bone mineral density after active period of orthodontic treatment. Statistically, significant differences in bone mineral density of the fingers by ultrasonic densitometry in both groups of patients were not detected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intraoral%20ultrasonic%20densitometry" title="intraoral ultrasonic densitometry">intraoral ultrasonic densitometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20tissue%20density%20of%20jaws" title=" bone tissue density of jaws"> bone tissue density of jaws</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20tissue%20density%20of%20phalanges%20of%20fingers" title=" bone tissue density of phalanges of fingers"> bone tissue density of phalanges of fingers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthodontic%20treatment" title=" orthodontic treatment"> orthodontic treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54572/ultrasonic-densitometry-of-bone-tissue-of-jaws-and-phalanges-of-fingers-in-patients-after-orthodontic-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">276</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3162</span> Implementation of Tissue Engineering Technique to Nursing of Unhealed Diabetic Foot Lesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Basuki%20Supartono">Basuki Supartono</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Diabetic wound risks limb amputation, and the healing remains challenging. Chronic Hyperglycemia caused the insufficient inflammatory response and impaired ability of the cells to regenerate. Tissue Engineering Technique is mandatory. Methods: Tissue engineering (TE)-based therapy Utilizing mononuclear cells, plasma rich platelets, and collagen applied on the damaged tissue Results: TE technique resulting in acceptable outcomes. The wound healed completely in 2 months. No adverse effects. No allergic reaction. No morbidity and mortality Discussion: TE-based therapy utilizing mononuclear cells, plasma rich platelets, and collagen are safe and comfortable to fix damaged tissues. These components stop the chronic inflammatory process and increase cells' ability for regeneration and restoration of damaged tissues. Both of these allow the wound to regenerate and heal. Conclusion: TE-based therapy is safe and effectively treats unhealed diabetic lesion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetic%20foot%20lesion" title="diabetic foot lesion">diabetic foot lesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering%20technique" title=" tissue engineering technique"> tissue engineering technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wound%20healing" title=" wound healing"> wound healing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stemcells" title=" stemcells"> stemcells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160271/implementation-of-tissue-engineering-technique-to-nursing-of-unhealed-diabetic-foot-lesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160271.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3161</span> The Influence of Alginate Microspheres Modified with DAT on the Proliferation and Adipogenic Differentiation of ASCs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shin-Yi%20Mao">Shin-Yi Mao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiashing%20Yu"> Jiashing Yu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) has received lots of attention as biological scaffolds recently. DAT that extracted from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of adipose tissues holds great promise as a xenogeneic biomaterial for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. In our study, 2-D DATsol film was fabricated to enhance cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of ASCs in vitro. DAT was also used to modify alginate for improvement of cell adhesion. Alginate microspheres modified with DAT were prepared by Nisco. These microspheres could provide a highly supportive 3-D environment for ASCs. In our works, ASCs were immobilized in alginate microspheres modified with DAT to promoted cell adhesion and adipogenic differentiation. Accordingly, we hypothesize that tissue regeneration in vivo could be promoted with the aid of modified microspheres in future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipose%20stem%20cells" title="adipose stem cells">adipose stem cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decellularize%20adipose%20tissue" title=" decellularize adipose tissue"> decellularize adipose tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alginate" title=" Alginate"> Alginate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcarries" title=" microcarries"> microcarries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13276/the-influence-of-alginate-microspheres-modified-with-dat-on-the-proliferation-and-adipogenic-differentiation-of-ascs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13276.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3160</span> The Application of FSI Techniques in Modeling of Realist Pulmonary Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrahim%20Bolukbasi">Abdurrahim Bolukbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Athari"> Hassan Athari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dogan%20Ciloglu"> Dogan Ciloglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The modeling lung respiratory system which has complex anatomy and biophysics presents several challenges including tissue-driven flow patterns and wall motion. Also, the lung pulmonary system because of that they stretch and recoil with each breath, has not static walls and structures. The direct relationship between air flow and tissue motion in the lung structures naturally prefers an FSI simulation technique. Therefore, in order to toward the realistic simulation of pulmonary breathing mechanics the development of a coupled FSI computational model is an important step. A simple but physiologically-relevant three dimensional deep long geometry is designed and fluid-structure interaction (FSI) coupling technique is utilized for simulating the deformation of the lung parenchyma tissue which produces airflow fields. The real understanding of respiratory tissue system as a complex phenomenon have been investigated with respect to respiratory patterns, fluid dynamics and tissue visco-elasticity and tidal breathing period. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lung%20deformation%20and%20mechanics%3B%20Tissue%20mechanics%3B%20Viscoelasticity%3B%20Fluid-structure%20interactions%3B%20ANSYS" title="lung deformation and mechanics; Tissue mechanics; Viscoelasticity; Fluid-structure interactions; ANSYS">lung deformation and mechanics; Tissue mechanics; Viscoelasticity; Fluid-structure interactions; ANSYS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31166/the-application-of-fsi-techniques-in-modeling-of-realist-pulmonary-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31166.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">323</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3159</span> Vascularized Adipose Tissue Engineering by Using Adipose ECM/Fibroin Hydrogel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisan%20Kayabolen">Alisan Kayabolen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dilek%20Keskin"> Dilek Keskin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ferit%20Avcu"> Ferit Avcu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andac%20Aykan"> Andac Aykan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatih%20Zor"> Fatih Zor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aysen%20Tezcaner"> Aysen Tezcaner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adipose tissue engineering is a promising field for regeneration of soft tissue defects. However, only very thin implants can be used in vivo since vascularization is still a problem for thick implants. Another problem is finding a biocompatible scaffold with good mechanical properties. In this study, the aim is to develop a thick vascularized adipose tissue that will integrate with the host, and perform its in vitro and in vivo characterizations. For this purpose, a hydrogel of decellularized adipose tissue (DAT) and fibroin was produced, and both endothelial cells and adipocytes that were differentiated from adipose derived stem cells were encapsulated in this hydrogel. Mixing DAT with fibroin allowed rapid gel formation by vortexing. It also provided to adjust mechanical strength by changing fibroin to DAT ratio. Based on compression tests, gels of DAT/fibroin ratio with similar mechanical properties to adipose tissue was selected for cell culture experiments. In vitro characterizations showed that DAT is not cytotoxic; on the contrary, it has many natural ECM components which provide biocompatibility and bioactivity. Subcutaneous implantation of hydrogels resulted with no immunogenic reaction or infection. Moreover, localized empty hydrogels gelled successfully around host vessel with required shape. Implantations of cell encapsulated hydrogels and histological analyses are under study. It is expected that endothelial cells inside the hydrogel will form a capillary network and they will bind to the host vessel passing through hydrogel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adipose%20tissue%20engineering" title="adipose tissue engineering">adipose tissue engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decellularization" title=" decellularization"> decellularization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encapsulation" title=" encapsulation"> encapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogel" title=" hydrogel"> hydrogel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vascularization" title=" vascularization"> vascularization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19805/vascularized-adipose-tissue-engineering-by-using-adipose-ecmfibroin-hydrogel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3158</span> Enhancing of Laser Imaging by Using Ultrasound Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayder%20Raad%20Hafuze">Hayder Raad Hafuze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Munqith%20Saleem%20Dawood"> Munqith Saleem Dawood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Abdul%20Jabbar"> Jamal Abdul Jabbar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effect of using both ultrasounds with laser in medical imaging of the biological tissue has been studied in this paper. Different wave lengths of incident laser light (405 nm, 532 nm, 650 nm, 808 nm and 1064 nm) were used with different ultrasound frequencies (1MHz and 3.3MHz). The results showed that, the change of acoustic intensity enhance the laser penetration of the tissue for different thickness. The existence of the ideal Raman-Nath diffraction pattern were investigated in terms of phase delay and incident angle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue" title="tissue">tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser" title=" laser"> laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect" title=" effect"> effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imaging" title=" imaging "> imaging </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517/enhancing-of-laser-imaging-by-using-ultrasound-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45517.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">433</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3157</span> Comparison of Nucleic Acid Extraction Platforms On Tissue Samples</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20Rafeah%20Md%20Rafei">Siti Rafeah Md Rafei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20Wang%20Yanping"> Karen Wang Yanping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Park%20Mi%20Kyoung"> Park Mi Kyoung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tissue samples are precious supply for molecular studies or disease identification diagnosed using molecular assays, namely real-time PCR (qPCR). It is critical to establish the most favorable nucleic acid extraction that gives the PCR-amplifiable genomic DNA. Furthermore, automated nucleic acid extraction is an appealing alternative to labor-intensive manual methods. Operational complexity, defined as the number of steps required to obtain an extracted sample, is one of the criteria in the comparison. Here we are comparing the One BioMed’s automated X8 platform with the commercially available manual-operated kits from QIAGEN Mini Kit and Roche. We extracted DNA from rat fresh-frozen tissue (from different type of organs) in the matrices. After tissue pre-treatment, it is added to the One BioMed’s X8 pre-filled cartridge, and the QIAGEN QIAmp column respectively. We found that the results after subjecting the eluates to the Real Time PCR using BIORAD CFX are comparable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20extraction" title="DNA extraction">DNA extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frozen%20tissue" title=" frozen tissue"> frozen tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCR" title=" PCR"> PCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qPCR" title=" qPCR"> qPCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153546/comparison-of-nucleic-acid-extraction-platforms-on-tissue-samples" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3156</span> Analysis of the Internal Mechanical Conditions in the Lower Limb Due to External Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kent%20Salomonsson">Kent Salomonsson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuefang%20Zhao"> Xuefang Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Kallin"> Sara Kallin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human soft tissue is loaded and deformed by any activity, an effect known as a stress-strain relationship, and is often described by a load and tissue elongation curve. Several advances have been made in the fields of biology and mechanics of soft human tissue. However, there is limited information available on in vivo tissue mechanical characteristics and behavior. Confident mechanical properties of human soft tissue cannot be extrapolated from e.g. animal testing. Thus, there is need for non invasive methods to analyze mechanical characteristics of soft human tissue. In the present study, the internal mechanical conditions of the lower limb, which is subject to an external load, is studied by use of the finite element method. A detailed finite element model of the lower limb is made possible by use of MRI scans. Skin, fat, bones, fascia and muscles are represented separately and the material properties for them are obtained from literature. Previous studies have been shown to address macroscopic deformation features, e.g. indentation depth, to a large extent. However, the detail in which the internal anatomical features have been modeled does not reveal the critical internal strains that may induce hypoxia and/or eventual tissue damage. The results of the present study reveals that lumped material models, i.e. averaging of the material properties for the different constituents, does not capture regions of critical strains in contrast to more detailed models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title="FEM">FEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue" title=" tissue"> tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indentation" title=" indentation"> indentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=properties" title=" properties"> properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44709/analysis-of-the-internal-mechanical-conditions-in-the-lower-limb-due-to-external-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44709.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3155</span> Comparison of Different DNA Extraction Platforms with FFPE tissue</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wang%20Yanping%20Karen">Wang Yanping Karen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Rafeah%20Siti"> Mohd Rafeah Siti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Park%20MI%20Kyoung"> Park MI Kyoung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue is important in the area of oncological diagnostics. This method of preserving tissues enabling them to be stored easily at ambient temperature for a long time. This decreases the risk of losing the DNA quantity and quality after extraction, reducing sample wastage, and making FFPE more cost effective. However, extracting DNA from FFPE tissue is a challenge as DNA purified is often highly cross-linked, fragmented, and degraded. In addition, this causes problems for many downstream processes. In this study, there will be a comparison of DNA extraction efficiency between One BioMed’s Xceler8 automated platform with commercial available extraction kits (Qiagen and Roche). The FFPE tissue slices were subjected to deparaffinization process, pretreatment and then DNA extraction using the three mentioned platforms. The DNA quantity were determined with real-time PCR (BioRad CFX ) and gel electrophoresis. The amount of DNA extracted with the One BioMed’s X8 platform was found to be comparable with the other two manual extraction kits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20extraction" title="DNA extraction">DNA extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FFPE%20tissue" title=" FFPE tissue"> FFPE tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qiagen" title=" qiagen"> qiagen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roche" title=" roche"> roche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one%20biomed%20X8" title=" one biomed X8"> one biomed X8</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153540/comparison-of-different-dna-extraction-platforms-with-ffpe-tissue" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153540.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3154</span> Determining the Electrospinning Parameters of Poly(ε-Caprolactone)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kagan%20%20Keler">M. Kagan Keler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sibel%20Daglilar"> Sibel Daglilar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isil%20%20Kerti"> Isil Kerti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oguzhan%20Gunduz"> Oguzhan Gunduz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrospinning is a versatile way to occur fibers at nano-scale and polycaprolactone is a biomedical material which has a wide usage in cartilage defects and tissue regeneration. PCL is biocompatible and durable material which can be used in bio-implants. Therefore, electrospinning process was chosen as a fabrication method to get PCL fibers in an effective way because of its significant adjustments. In this research study, electrospinning parameters was evaluated during the producing of polymer tissue scaffolds. Polycaprolactone’s molecular weight was 80.000 Da and was employed as a tissue material in the electrospinning process. PCL was decomposed in dimethylformamid(DMF) and chloroform(CF) with the weight ratio of 1:1. Different compositions (1%, 3%, 5%, 10% and 20 %) of PCL was prepared in the laboratory conditions. All solvents with different percentages of PCL have been taken into the syringe and loaded into the electrospinning system. In electrospinning dozens of trial were applied to get homogeneously uniform scaffold samples. Taylor cone which is crucial point for electrospinning characteristic was occurred and changed in different voltages up to the material compositions’ conductivity. While the PCL percentages were increasing in the electrospinning, structure started to arise with droplets, which was an expressive problem for tissue scaffold. The vertical and horizontal layouts were applied to produce non-woven structures at all. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering" title="tissue engineering">tissue engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20scaffold" title=" artificial scaffold"> artificial scaffold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrospinning" title=" electrospinning"> electrospinning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biocomposites" title=" biocomposites"> biocomposites</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68217/determining-the-electrospinning-parameters-of-polye-caprolactone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68217.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3153</span> The Effect of 8 Weeks Endurance Training and L-NAME on Apelin in Adipose Tissue, Glucose and Insulin in Elderly Male's Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asieh%20Abbassi%20Daloii">Asieh Abbassi Daloii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemeh%20Fani"> Fatemeh Fani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Abdi"> Ahmad Abdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks endurance training and L-NAME on apelin in adipose tissue, glucose and insulin in elderly male’s rats. Methods: For this purpose, 24 vistar elderly rats with average 20 months old purchased from Razi Institute and transferred to Research Center were randomly divided into four groups: 1. control, 2. training, 3.training and L-NAME and 4. L-NAME. Training protocol performed for 8 weeks and 5 days a week with 75-80 VO2 max. All rats were killed 72 hours after the final training session and after 24 hours of fasting adipose tissue samples were collected and kept in -80. Also, Data was analyzed with One way ANOVA and Tucky in p < 0/05. Results: The results showed that the inhibition of nitric oxide on apelin in adipose tissue of adult male rats after eight weeks of endurance training increased significantly compared to the control group (p < 0.00). Also, the results showed no significant difference between the levels of insulin and glucose groups. Conclusion: It is likely that the increased apelin in adipose tissue in mice independent of insulin and glucose. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endurance%20training" title="endurance training">endurance training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L-NAME" title=" L-NAME"> L-NAME</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apelin%20in%20adipose%20tissue" title=" apelin in adipose tissue"> apelin in adipose tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly%20male%20rats" title=" elderly male rats"> elderly male rats</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35354/the-effect-of-8-weeks-endurance-training-and-l-name-on-apelin-in-adipose-tissue-glucose-and-insulin-in-elderly-males-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">460</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3152</span> Non-Invasive Imaging of Human Tissue Using NIR Light</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashwani%20Kumar">Ashwani Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Use of NIR light for imaging the biological tissue and to quantify its optical properties is a good choice over other invasive methods. Optical tomography involves two steps. One is the forward problem and the other is the reconstruction problem. The forward problem consists of finding the measurements of transmitted light through the tissue from source to detector, given the spatial distribution of absorption and scattering properties. The second step is the reconstruction problem. In X-ray tomography, there is standard method for reconstruction called filtered back projection method or the algebraic reconstruction methods. But this method cannot be applied as such, in optical tomography due to highly scattering nature of biological tissue. A hybrid algorithm for reconstruction has been implemented in this work which takes into account the highly scattered path taken by photons while back projecting the forward data obtained during Monte Carlo simulation. The reconstructed image suffers from blurring due to point spread function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NIR%20light" title="NIR light">NIR light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue" title=" tissue"> tissue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blurring" title=" blurring"> blurring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monte%20Carlo%20simulation" title=" Monte Carlo simulation"> Monte Carlo simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33453/non-invasive-imaging-of-human-tissue-using-nir-light" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">494</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3151</span> Low Cost Technique for Measuring Luminance in Biological Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Chetty">N. Chetty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Singh"> K. Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, the relationship between the melanin content in a tissue and subsequent absorption of light through that tissue was determined using a digital camera. This technique proved to be simple, cost effective, efficient and reliable. Tissue phantom samples were created using milk and soy sauce to simulate the optical properties of melanin content in human tissue. Increasing the concentration of soy sauce in the milk correlated to an increase in melanin content of an individual. Two methods were employed to measure the light transmitted through the sample. The first was direct measurement of the transmitted intensity using a conventional lux meter. The second method involved correctly calibrating an ordinary digital camera and using image analysis software to calculate the transmitted intensity through the phantom. The results from these methods were then graphically compared to the theoretical relationship between the intensity of transmitted light and the concentration of absorbers in the sample. Conclusions were then drawn about the effectiveness and efficiency of these low cost methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20phantoms" title="tissue phantoms">tissue phantoms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scattering%20coefficient" title=" scattering coefficient"> scattering coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=albedo" title=" albedo"> albedo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-cost%20method" title=" low-cost method"> low-cost method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51186/low-cost-technique-for-measuring-luminance-in-biological-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">271</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3150</span> Levels of Toxic Metals in Different Tissues of Lethrinus miniatus Fish from Arabian Gulf</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Waqar%20Ashraf">Muhammad Waqar Ashraf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atiq%20A.%20Mian"> Atiq A. Mian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, accumulation of eight heavy metals, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr)was determined in kidney, heart, liver and muscle tissues of Lethrinus miniatus fish caught from Arabian Gulf. Metal concentrations in all the samples were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Analytical validation of data was carried out by applying the same digestion procedure to standard reference material (NIST-SRM 1577b bovine liver). Levels of lead (Pb) in the liver tissue (0.60µg/g) exceeded the limit set by European Commission (2005) at 0.30 µg/g. Zinc concentration in all tissue samples were below the maximum permissible limit (50 µg/g) as set by FAO. Maximum mean cadmium concentration was found 0.15 µg/g in the kidney tissues. Highest content of Mn in the studied tissues was seen in the kidney tissue (2.13 µg/g), whereas minimum was found in muscle tissue (0.87 µg/g). The present study led to the conclusion that muscle tissue is the least contaminated tissue in Lethrinus miniatus and consumption of organs should be avoided as much as possible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lethrinus%20miniatus" title="lethrinus miniatus">lethrinus miniatus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arabian%20gulf" title=" arabian gulf"> arabian gulf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20absorption%20spectroscopy" title=" atomic absorption spectroscopy"> atomic absorption spectroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30821/levels-of-toxic-metals-in-different-tissues-of-lethrinus-miniatus-fish-from-arabian-gulf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">356</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3149</span> Levels of Heavy Metals in Different Tissues of Lethrinus Miniatus Fish from Arabian Gulf</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Waqar%20Ashraf">Muhammad Waqar Ashraf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, accumulation of eight heavy metals, lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr)was determined in kidney, heart, liver and muscle tissues of Lethrinus Miniatus fish caught from Arabian Gulf. Metal concentrations in all the samples were measured using Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (GF-AAS). Analytical validation of data was carried out by applying the same digestion procedure to standard reference material (NIST-SRM 1577b bovine liver). Levels of lead (Pb) in the liver tissue (0.60µg/g) exceeded the limit set by European Commission (2005) at 0.30 µg/g. Zinc concentration in all tissue samples were below the maximum permissible limit (50 µg/g) as set by FAO. Maximum mean cadmium concentration was found to be 0.15 µg/g in the kidney tissues. Highest content of Mn in the studied tissues was seen in the kidney tissue (2.13 µg/g), whereas minimum was found in muscle tissue (0.87 µg/g). The present study led to the conclusion that muscle tissue is the least contaminated tissue in Lethrinus Miniatus and consumption of organs should be avoided as much as possible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabian%20gulf" title="Arabian gulf">Arabian gulf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lethrinus%20miniatus" title=" Lethrinus miniatus"> Lethrinus miniatus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20absorption%20spectroscopy" title=" atomic absorption spectroscopy"> atomic absorption spectroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37387/levels-of-heavy-metals-in-different-tissues-of-lethrinus-miniatus-fish-from-arabian-gulf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3148</span> Ultrasound Therapy: Amplitude Modulation Technique for Tissue Ablation by Acoustic Cavitation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fares%20A.%20Mayia">Fares A. Mayia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20A.%20Yamany"> Mahmoud A. Yamany</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mushabbab%20A.%20Asiri"> Mushabbab A. Asiri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, non-invasive Focused Ultrasound (FU) has been utilized for generating bubbles (cavities) to ablate target tissue by mechanical fractionation. Intensities >10 kW/cm² are required to generate the inertial cavities. The generation, rapid growth, and collapse of these inertial cavities cause tissue fractionation and the process is called Histotripsy. The ability to fractionate tissue from outside the body has many clinical applications including the destruction of the tumor mass. The process of tissue fractionation leaves a void at the treated site, where all the affected tissue is liquefied to particles at sub-micron size. The liquefied tissue will eventually be absorbed by the body. Histotripsy is a promising non-invasive treatment modality. This paper presents a technique for generating inertial cavities at lower intensities (< 1 kW/cm²). The technique (patent pending) is based on amplitude modulation (AM), whereby a low frequency signal modulates the amplitude of a higher frequency FU wave. Cavitation threshold is lower at low frequencies; the intensity required to generate cavitation in water at 10 kHz is two orders of magnitude lower than the intensity at 1 MHz. The Amplitude Modulation technique can operate in both continuous wave (CW) and pulse wave (PW) modes, and the percentage modulation (modulation index) can be varied from 0 % (thermal effect) to 100 % (cavitation effect), thus allowing a range of ablating effects from Hyperthermia to Histotripsy. Furthermore, changing the frequency of the modulating signal allows controlling the size of the generated cavities. Results from in vitro work demonstrate the efficacy of the new technique in fractionating soft tissue and solid calcium carbonate (Chalk) material. The technique, when combined with MR or Ultrasound imaging, will present a precise treatment modality for ablating diseased tissue without affecting the surrounding healthy tissue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=focused%20ultrasound%20therapy" title="focused ultrasound therapy">focused ultrasound therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histotripsy" title=" histotripsy"> histotripsy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inertial%20cavitation" title=" inertial cavitation"> inertial cavitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20tissue%20ablation" title=" mechanical tissue ablation"> mechanical tissue ablation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38361/ultrasound-therapy-amplitude-modulation-technique-for-tissue-ablation-by-acoustic-cavitation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3147</span> Effect of Interaction between Different Concentrations of Colchicine, Time Duration and Two Verities of Crepis capillaris on Chromosome Polyploidy in vitro Culture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mosleh%20M.%20S.%20Duhoky">Mosleh M. S. Duhoky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Payman%20A.%20A.%20Zibari"> Payman A. A. Zibari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> These experiments were conducted at Tissue Culture Laboratory/ Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry/ University of Duhok during the period from January 2011 to May 2013. The objectives of this study were to study the effects of interaction between three different factors on percentage of polyploidy of Crepis capillaris by using Tissue culture technology. Concerning the data it is obvious that shaking of Crepis capillaris with 2B chromosome with 0.15 mM for ten days inscribed a high percentage of polyploidy within most fifteen passages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crepis%20capillaris" title="crepis capillaris">crepis capillaris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2B%20chromosome" title=" 2B chromosome"> 2B chromosome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20culture" title=" tissue culture"> tissue culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyploidy" title=" polyploidy"> polyploidy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38730/effect-of-interaction-between-different-concentrations-of-colchicine-time-duration-and-two-verities-of-crepis-capillaris-on-chromosome-polyploidy-in-vitro-culture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3146</span> Coating of Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Thin Films on Poly(S/EGDMA) HIPE Loaded with Hydroxyapatite as a Scaffold for Tissue Engineering Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kornkanok%20Noulta">Kornkanok Noulta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pornsri%20Pakeyangkoon"> Pornsri Pakeyangkoon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20T.%20Dubas"> Stephen T. Dubas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pomthong%20Malakul"> Pomthong Malakul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manit%20Nithithanakul"> Manit Nithithanakul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, interest in the development of material for tissue engineering application has increased considerably. Poly(High Internal Phase Emulsion) (PolyHIPE) foam is a material that is good candidate for used in tissue engineering application due to its 3D structure and highly porous with interconnected pore. The PolyHIPE was prepared from poly (styrene/ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) through high internal phase emulsion polymerization technique and loaded with hydroxyapatite (HA) to improve biocompatibility. To further increase hydrophilicity of the obtained polyHIPE, layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) technique was used. A surface property of polyHIPE was characterized by contact angle measurement. Morphology and pore size was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The cell viability was revealed by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay technique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyelectrolyte%20multilayer%20thin%20film" title="polyelectrolyte multilayer thin film">polyelectrolyte multilayer thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20internal%20phase%20emulsion" title=" high internal phase emulsion"> high internal phase emulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyhipe%20foam" title=" polyhipe foam"> polyhipe foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scaffold" title=" scaffold"> scaffold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering" title=" tissue engineering"> tissue engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2179/coating-of-polyelectrolyte-multilayer-thin-films-on-polysegdma-hipe-loaded-with-hydroxyapatite-as-a-scaffold-for-tissue-engineering-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">351</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3145</span> Spatial Distribution of Cellular Water in Pear Fruit: An Experimental Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Imran%20H.%20Khan">Md. Imran H. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Farrell"> T. Farrell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Karim"> M. A. Karim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Highly porous and hygroscopic characteristics of pear make it complex to understand the cellular level water distribution. In pear tissue, water is mainly distributed in three different spaces namely, intercellular water, intracellular water, and cell wall water. Understanding of these three types of water in pear tissue is crucial for predicting actual heat and mass transfer during drying. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the proportion of intercellular water, intracellular water, and cell wall water inside the pear tissue. During this study, Green Anjou Pear was taken for the investigation. The experiment was performed using 1H-NMR- T2 relaxometry. Various types of water component were calculated by using multi-component fits of the T2 relaxation curves. The experimental result showed that in pear tissue 78-82% water exist in intracellular space; 12-16% water in intercellular space and only 2-4% water exist in the cell wall space. The investigated results quantify different types of water in plant-based food tissue. The highest proportion of water exists in intracellular spaces. It was also investigated that the physical properties of pear and the proportion of the different types of water has a strong relationship. Cell wall water depends on the proportion of solid in the sample tissue whereas free water depends on the porosity of the material. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intracellular%20water" title="intracellular water">intracellular water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercellular%20water" title=" intercellular water"> intercellular water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20wall%20water" title=" cell wall water"> cell wall water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20property" title=" physical property"> physical property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pear" title=" pear"> pear</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76486/spatial-distribution-of-cellular-water-in-pear-fruit-an-experimental-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3144</span> mRNA Biomarkers of Mechanical Asphyxia-Induced Death in Cardiac Tissue</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Zeng">Yan Zeng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Tao"> Li Tao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liujun%20Han"> Liujun Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tianye%20Zhang"> Tianye Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yongan%20Yu"> Yongan Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaijun%20Ma"> Kaijun Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Long%20Chen"> Long Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mechanical asphyxia is one of the main cause of death; however, death by mechanical asphyxia may be difficult to prove in court, particularly in cases in which corpses exhibit no obvious signs of asphyxia. To identify a credible biomarker of asphyxia, we first examined the expression levels of all the mRNAs in human cardiac tissue specimens subjected to mechanical asphyxia and compared these expression levels with those of the corresponding mRNAs in specimens subjected to craniocerebral injury. A total of 119 differentially expressed mRNAs were selected and the expression levels of these mRNAs were examined in 44 human cardiac tissue specimens subjected to mechanical asphyxia, craniocerebral injury, hemorrhagic shock and other causes of death. We found that DUSP1 and KCNJ2 were up-regulated in tissue specimens of mechanical asphyxia compared with control tissues, with no significant correlation between age, environmental temperature and PMI, indicating that DUSP1 and KCNJ2 may associate with mechanical asphyxia-induced death and can thus serve as useful biomarkers of death by mechanical asphyxia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20asphyxia" title="mechanical asphyxia">mechanical asphyxia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarkers" title=" biomarkers"> biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DUSP1" title=" DUSP1"> DUSP1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KCNJ2" title=" KCNJ2"> KCNJ2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac%20tissue" title=" cardiac tissue"> cardiac tissue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62627/mrna-biomarkers-of-mechanical-asphyxia-induced-death-in-cardiac-tissue" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62627.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3143</span> Attention Multiple Instance Learning for Cancer Tissue Classification in Digital Histopathology Images</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afaf%20Alharbi">Afaf Alharbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qianni%20Zhang"> Qianni Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The identification of malignant tissue in histopathological slides holds significant importance in both clinical settings and pathology research. This paper introduces a methodology aimed at automatically categorizing cancerous tissue through the utilization of a multiple-instance learning framework. This framework is specifically developed to acquire knowledge of the Bernoulli distribution of the bag label probability by employing neural networks. Furthermore, we put forward a neural network based permutation-invariant aggregation operator, equivalent to attention mechanisms, which is applied to the multi-instance learning network. Through empirical evaluation of an openly available colon cancer histopathology dataset, we provide evidence that our approach surpasses various conventional deep learning methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention%20multiple%20instance%20learning" title="attention multiple instance learning">attention multiple instance learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIL%20and%20transfer%20learning" title=" MIL and transfer learning"> MIL and transfer learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathological%20slides" title=" histopathological slides"> histopathological slides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20tissue%20classification" title=" cancer tissue classification"> cancer tissue classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167708/attention-multiple-instance-learning-for-cancer-tissue-classification-in-digital-histopathology-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20engineering&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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