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title="Austria" alt="Austria" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/belgium/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/belgium.gif" title="Belgium" alt="Belgium" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/czechrepublic/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/czechrepublic.gif" title="Czech Republic" alt="Czech Republic" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/denmark/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/denmark.gif" title="Denmark" alt="Denmark" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/finland/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/finland.gif" title="Finland" alt="Finland" border="0" width="26" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/france/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/france.gif" title="France" alt="France" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/germany/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/germany.gif" title="Germany" alt="Germany" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/ireland/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/ireland.gif" title="Ireland" alt="Ireland" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/italy/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/italy.gif" title="Italy" alt="Italy" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/netherlands/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/netherlands.gif" title="Netherlands" alt="Netherlands" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/poland/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/poland.gif" title="Poland" alt="Poland" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/portugal/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/portugal.gif" title="Portugal" alt="Portugal" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/sep1.gif" width="4"/><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/public/spain/?lang"><img class="nopadding" src="/web/20210416221813im_/https://www.eso.org/i/spain.gif" title="Spain" alt="Spain" border="0" width="24" height="16"/></a> <img class="nopadding" 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/eelt/site/">Site</a></li> <li class="std2"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/eelt/docs">Publications and Documentation</a></li> <li class="std2"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/eelt/links/">Gallery and Links</a></li> <li class="std2"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/eelt/internal/">Internal Access</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="curr1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop.html">Instrumentation Development</a><ul class="sub2"> <li class="std2"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/detectors.html">Detectors and Controllers</a></li> </li> </li> </li> <li class="std2"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/ao.html">Adaptive Optics</a></li> <li class="std2"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/MICS.html">Instruments and Cryogenic Systems Group</a></li> </li> </li> </li> </li> </li> </li> </li> </li> </li> <li class="std2"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/4LGSF.html">Laser Guide Stars Facility</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="std0"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/future.html">Future Facilities and Development</a><ul class="sub1"> <li class="std1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/eelt/">ELT</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop.html">Instrumentation Development</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="std0"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/observing.html">Observing with ESO Telescopes</a><ul class="sub1"> <li class="std1"><a 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href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/Science_in_GAR_and_SCL.html">Science in Garching and Santiago</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/garching.html">Science in Garching</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/santiago.html">Science in Santiago</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/fellowships-and-studentships.html">Fellowships and Studentships</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/thesis-topics.html">PhD Thesis Topics offered by ESO Faculty Members</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/research-period-scheme.html">Research Period Scheme</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/instcomm.html">Instrument Commissioning</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/apexsv.html">APEX Science Verification</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/vistasv.html">VISTA Science Verification</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/activities/vltsv.html">VLT/VLTI Science Verification</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="std0"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/publications.html">Science Publications</a><ul class="sub1"> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/publications/announcements.html">Science Announcements</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/publications/newsletter.html">ESO Science Newsletter</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/publications/messenger/">The Messenger</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/public/products/annualreports/">ESO Annual Reports</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="std0"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/meetings.html">Science and Technical Meetings</a><ul class="sub1"> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/meetings/garching.html">Seminars at ESO Garching</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/meetings/santiago.html">Seminars at ESO Santiago</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/meetings/conferences.html">Conferences and Workshops</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/meetings/2021.html">Conferences 2021</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/meetings/CodeofConductWorkshops.html">ESO Code of Conduct for Workshops & Conferences</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="std0"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/itservices.html">IT Services</a></li> <li class="std0"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/libraries.html">Library and Information Centre</a><ul class="sub1"> <li class="std1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/https://eso.koha-ptfs.eu/">Libraries Catalog</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/https://eso.koha-ptfs.eu/cgi-bin/koha/sco/sco-main.pl">Library Self Checkout</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/libraries/ejournals.html">Electronic Journals</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/libraries/ebooks.html">Electronic Books</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/libraries/useful_links.html">Information resources</a></li> <li class="std1"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://telbib.eso.org/">ESO Telescope Bibliography</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="std0"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/https://recruitment.eso.org/">Vacancies</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  </div>  <a id="content" name="content"></a> <div id="col3"> <div id="col3_content" class="clearfix"> <div class="subcolumns"> <div class="par parsys"><div class="title section"> <h1>VLT/I & La Silla Instrumentation Development</h1> </div> <div class="parsys_column cq-colctrl-lt1"><div class="parsys_column cq-colctrl-lt1-c0"><div class="richtext text parbase section"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/web/20210416221813cs_/https://www.eso.org/etc/clientlibs/wcm/foundation/accessibility.css" type="text/css"/> <p>ESO's mission is to provide its astronomical community with worldwide competitive ground-based observing capabilities to probe the Universe from its first billion year to the present time. In order to achieve this it is essential that ESO's state of the art telescopes are equipped with comprehensive instrument suites. The ESO community is deeply involved in the development of instruments and telescope systems for the ESO observatories, with most projects pursued through collaborations between research institutes in the ESO member states and ESO.</p> <p><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/documents/Cou-1830_PIP_STC93rd.pdf" adhocenable="false">Council Report: Provided to the Science Technical Committee, the Finance Committee and the ESO Council in spring 2019</a></p> </div> <div class="richtext text parbase section"> <h2>Enabling Technologies</h2> <p>ESO develops, implements and deploys a wide range of instrumentation technologies. In particular:<br> </p> <p><b>Adaptive Optics:</b> ESO's AO systems (see the infrastructure development list below) are either built in-house or by external consortia. In parallel, it conducts a major R&D programme in conjunction with the community, in particular with the goal of developing an expanding standard toolkit for the AO systems.</p> <p><b>Detectors and Controllers:</b> ESO designs and develops optical, near and mid IR detector systems used at all its telescopes. ESO's in-house detector team:</p> <ul> <li>works closely with detector manufacturers in the specification and design of detectors optimized for astronomical applications,<br> </li> <li>designs bespoke control electronics, the most recent development is the New General detector controller (<a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/detectors/controllers/ngc.html">NGC</a>) which can be used to operate all detector types.</li> </ul> <p><b>Instruments and Cryogenic Systems Group</b> - ESO provides expertise and facilities for:</p> <ul> <li>Subsytem testing</li> <li>Integration of subsystems</li> <li>Testing of fully assembled instruments</li> <li>Design and construction of detector cryostats<br> </li> <li>Testing detector cryostats</li> <li>Cryogenics and integration support for externally developed instruments.</li> </ul> <p><b>Laser Guide Stars</b>: ESO designs and develops LGS systems to supplement natural guide stars as reference objects for AO image corrections. LGS projectors are installed at the VLT and will be a crucial technology for the future generation of Extremely Large Telescopes, like the ESO <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/eelt/">European Extremely Large Telescope</a>.</p> <p><b>Software</b>: ESO develops software to facilitate instrument and telescope design, performance optimization and validation</p> <h2>Interfaces</h2> <p>ESO exercises strict control over the interfaces between the VLT observatory and its instruments. The detailed <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/interfacesvlt.html">requirements on VLT instruments</a> are available online.</p> </div> <div class="richtext text parbase section"> <h2><a name="INSinDEV" id="INSinDEV"></a>Instruments and Upgrades in Development<br> </h2> </div> <div class="table parbase section"> <table width="100%" cellpadding="1" border="0"> <tbody><tr><td width="120" valign="top"><h3>Design Phase<br> </h3> </td> <td width="120" valign="top"><h3>Manufacture, Assembly<br> Integration and Testing</h3> </td> <td width="120" valign="top"><h3>Commissioning</h3> </td> <td width="120" valign="top"><h3>  Infrastructure <br> </h3> </td> </tr><tr><td>FORS Upgrade<br> </td> <td><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/instruments/4MOST.html">4MOST</a> (VISTA)</td> <td><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/instruments/crires_up.html#par_title">CRIRES+</a> (VLT)</td> <td>AOF-<a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/ao/sys/galacsi.html">GALACSI</a> (MUSE)</td> </tr><tr><td> </td> <td><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/instruments/eris.html#par_title">ERIS</a> (VLT)</td> <td><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/instruments/NIRPS.html">NIRPS</a> (La Silla 3.6m)</td> <td>AOF-<a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/ao/sys/graal.html">GRAAL</a> (HAWK-I)</td> </tr><tr><td> </td> <td><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/instruments/MOONS.html">MOONS</a> (VLT)</td> <td> </td> <td>AOF-<a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/ao/sys/dsm.html">DSM</a></td> </tr><tr><td> </td> <td><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/instruments/SoXS.html#par_title">SoXS</a> (NTT)</td> <td> </td> <td>AOF-<a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/4LGSF.html">4LGSF</a><br> </td> </tr><tr><td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/telescopes/vlti.html">VLTI</a></td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><div class="parsys_column cq-colctrl-lt1-c1"><div class="richtext text parbase section"> <h2>Quick Links</h2> <ul class="quicklinks"> <li><a href="#INSinDEV">Instruments in Development</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments.html">Paranal Observatory Instrumentation</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/index.html">La Silla Observatory Instrumentation</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/eelt/instrumentation/">Instrumentation Project Office of the E-ELT</a></li> <li><a adhocenable="false" href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/documents/Cou-1830_PIP_STC93rd.pdf">Latest (2019) Paranal Instrumentation Programme Council Report</a><br> </li> </ul> </div> </div></div><div style="clear:both"></div><div class="richtext text parbase section"> <h2>Instruments completed and delivered to La Silla Paranal Observatory</h2> <p>The instruments below are now maintained (and documented on the ESO web) by the Directorate of Operations/La Silla Paranal Observatory:</p> </div> <div class="parsys_column cq-colctrl-lt0"><div class="parsys_column cq-colctrl-lt0-c0"><div class="richtext text parbase section"> <h3>Development together with external consortia</h3> <p>Together with external consortia ESO was responsible for the definition and contributed to the design, construction and implementation at the observatories of the following instruments and facilities:</p> <p><b>For Paranal</b></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/amber/index.html">AMBER</a> (VLTI)</p> <p><a adhocenable="false" href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/espresso/overview.html#par_title">ESPRESSO</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/flames/index.html">FLAMES</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/fors/index.html">FORS1+2</a> (VLT; FORS1 retired)</p> <p><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/gravity/overview.html#par_title" adhocenable="false">GRAVITY</a> (VLTI)</p> <p><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/kmos/overview.html#par_title" adhocenable="false">KMOS</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/develop/lgsf/overview.html">LGSF</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a adhocenable="false" href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/matisse/overview.html#par_title">MATISSE</a> (VLTI)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/midi/index.html">MIDI</a> (VLTI)</p> <p><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/muse.html#par_title" adhocenable="false">MUSE</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/omegacam/index.html"></a><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/naco/index.html">NACO</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/omegacam/index.html">OmegaCAM</a> (VST)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/sinfoni/index.html">SINFONI</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/sphere.html" adhocenable="false">SPHERE</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/vimos/index.html">VIMOS</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/visir/index.html">VISIR</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/xshooter/index.html">X-Shooter</a> (VLT)</p> <p><b>For La Silla</b></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/feros/">FEROS</a> (2.2m)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/harps/">HARPS</a> (3.6m)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/wfi/">WFI</a> (2.2m)</p> </div> </div><div class="parsys_column cq-colctrl-lt0-c1"><div class="richtext text parbase section"> <h3>Inhouse development</h3> <p>The following operational instruments have been built under the complete responsibility of ESO:</p> <p><b>For Paranal</b></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/crires/index.html">CRIRES</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/hawki/index.html">HAWK-I</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/isaac/index.html">ISAAC</a> (VLT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/paranal/instruments/uves/index.html">UVES</a> (VLT)</p> <p><b>For La Silla</b></p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/ces/">CES </a>(3.6m; retired)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/efosc/">EFOSC2</a> (NTT, formerly 3.6m; retired)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/emmi/">EMMI</a> (NTT; retired)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/sofi/">SOFI</a> (NTT)</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/http://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/lasilla/instruments/susi/">SUSI2</a> (NTT; retired)</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> </div> </div></div><div style="clear:both"></div><div class="richtext text parbase section"> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="footer">  <div id="footer"> <div id="footerupdate"> <table> <tbody> <tr> <th>Last Update: 22.03.21 © ESO</th> <td><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/mailto:bristowp@eso.org"> Comments on this page to: Paul Bristow</a> | <a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/enews.html">Subscribe to Newsletter</a> | <a href="/web/20210416221813/https://www.eso.org/sci/privacy.html">Privacy Statement</a></td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div>  </div> </div>  </div>   <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//web.archive.org/web/20210416221813/https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); 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