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domestic assault</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/dignity/" rel="tag">dignity</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/discrimination/" rel="tag">discrimination</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/displacement/" rel="tag">displacement</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/domestic-violence/" rel="tag">domestic violence</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/drinking-water/" rel="tag">drinking water</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/food-ration/" rel="tag">food ration</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/gender-issues/" rel="tag">Gender Issues</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/health/" rel="tag">Health</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/international-organization-for-migration/" rel="tag">international organization for migration</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iraqi-women/" rel="tag">iraqi women</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/nutrition/" rel="tag">nutrition</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/oppression/" rel="tag">Oppression</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees/" rel="tag">Refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/violence-against-women/" rel="tag">violence against women</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/women-social-position-of/" rel="tag">Women -social position of</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/women-and-children/" rel="tag">Women and Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/womens-poverty-neglect-of/" rel="tag">Women's poverty - neglect of</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/womens-rights-violations-of/" rel="tag">Women's Rights - violations of</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/womens-welfare-neglect-of/" rel="tag">Women's welfare - neglect of</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p>BAGHDAD, 7 December 2010 (<a title="IRIN" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?ReportID=91310" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN</a>) – Displaced Iraqi female-headed families who have returned home are still experiencing major livelihood challenges, says the International Organization for Migration (IOM). </p> <p>An IOM survey of 1,355 female-headed displaced families who have returned to their places of origin found that 74 percent are struggling to secure adequate nutrition for their families. </p> <p>Delays in receiving subsidized government food rations or lack of some food items in the rations force women to buy food with whatever money they have, adding to their struggle, the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://www.iomiraq.net/library/IOM_di...rts/2010/Female%20Headed%20Households.pdf" class="external" target="_blank">report</a>, issued on 3 December, states. </p> <p>The survey also found that health problems and social norms had prevented nearly 40 percent of them from finding jobs. Of those who are able to work, 71 percent are unemployed. </p> <p>About 40 percent of those surveyed said they depended on relatives, neighbours, NGOs and religious groups to meet their needs. And more than 25 percent had a family member with chronic disease while one in four lacked access to healthcare. </p> <p>"These women have to support their children and elderly family members. Without a steady income, they become reliant on support from whoever can give it but it is not systematic," said Antonio Salanga, IOM’s head of the Baghdad regional hub. </p> <h3>New approach needed </h3> <p>Iraqi activist and former lawmaker Salama Smeisim said a swift and new approach had to be taken by the government, local and international organizations towards female-related issues in Iraq, especially the displaced. </p> <p>“The oppression against women is still continuing in Iraq,” Smeisim told IRIN. “The plight of the displaced women has not been dealt with seriously. They need adequate houses to preserve their dignity, schools for their children, electricity and drinking water.” </p> <p>She said Iraqi women in general, but mainly the displaced, faced a series of challenges, beginning with securing their livelihoods if they headed their families to the hardship in finding work either because of the social norms or discrimination, lack of awareness of their rights and the corruption that prevents government funds from reaching them. </p> <p>“I do believe that we need a special programme to spread awareness among women about their rights and support them on how to start a project that can secure a steady income for their families without relying on anyone,” Smeisim said. </p> <p>The IOM survey also found that domestic violence against women had substantially increased in the past five years due to the country’s unprecedented displacement, with one in five Iraqi women subjected to physical violence and a third to psychological violence. </p> <h3>Political and security turmoil </h3> <p>Mohammed Abdul-Jabbar, a Baghdad-based analyst, said that neglect of women-related programmes was due to the political and security turmoil experienced by the previous governments. </p> <p>“Of course politicians, whether inside or outside the government, were not dealing with women’s issues as one of the urgent needs to [rebuild] the society as they set a list of priorities in the political and security fields,” Abdul-Jabbar said. </p> <p>“It is highly unlikely that any progress could be achieved in this field by the next government as the same problems in the security and political arena still exist and are deep,” he added. </p> <p>Nine months since Iraq held its national elections, no government has been formed as politicians are struggling to reach an agreement to share power and distribute government posts.  </p> <p><strong>Source:</strong> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?ReportID=91310" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN Middle East | IRAQ: Displaced women still struggle for survival | Iraq | Gender Issues | Refugees/IDPs</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="post clearfix" id="post-11822"> <div class="postmetadata"><span class="comments"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/11/28/iraq-no-country-for-women/#respond" title="Comment on IRAQ: No country for women">No Comments</a></span> Posted on November 28th, 2010 by Khaled</div> <h3><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/2010/11/28/iraq-no-country-for-women/" rel="bookmark" title="Permanent Link to IRAQ: No country for women">IRAQ: No country for women</a></h3> <p class="postmetadata">Category: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/category/english-articles/" title="View all posts in English Language Articles" rel="category tag">English Language Articles</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/category/features/" title="View all posts in Features" rel="category tag">Features</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/category/women/" title="View all posts in Women and Children" rel="category tag">Women and Children</a>, Tags: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/2003-invasion-of-iraq/" rel="tag">2003 invasion of iraq</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/analysis/" rel="tag">Analysis</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/children/" rel="tag">Children</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/death-threats/" rel="tag">Death Threats</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/disempowerment/" rel="tag">disempowerment</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/domestic-violence/" rel="tag">domestic violence</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/female-genital-mutilation/" rel="tag">Female genital mutilation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/gender-issues/" rel="tag">Gender Issues</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/genital-mutilation/" rel="tag">genital mutilation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/governance/" rel="tag">Governance</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/human-rights/" rel="tag">Human Rights</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/interior-ministry/" rel="tag">Interior Ministry</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/invasion-of-iraq/" rel="tag">invasion of iraq</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/iraqi-women/" rel="tag">iraqi women</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/middle-east/" rel="tag">Middle East</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/militias/" rel="tag">Militias</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/poverty/" rel="tag">Poverty</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/prostitution/" rel="tag">Prostitution</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/refugees/" rel="tag">Refugees</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/security/" rel="tag">Security</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/syria/" rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/unhcr/" rel="tag">UNHCR</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/vice/" rel="tag">Vice</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/women-trafficking-in/" rel="tag">Women - trafficking in</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/womens-rights/" rel="tag">Women's Rights</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/tag/womens-rights-violations-of/" rel="tag">Women's Rights - violations of</a></p> <div class="entry" dir="rtl" align="right"> <p>MADRID, 28 November 2010 (IRIN) – The improved political representation of women in Iraq is in sharp contrast to their broader <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportID=91216%20" class="external" target="_blank">disempowerment</a>, as highlighted by the persistence of domestic violence and early marriage, according to a new report by the UN Inter-Agency Information and Analysis Unit. </p> <p>Women may hold 25 percent of seats in the Iraqi parliament, but one in five in the 15-49 age group has suffered physical violence at the hands of her husband. Anecdotal evidence alleges that “many women are being kidnapped and sold into prostitution”, and female genital mutilation is still common in the north, the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://www.iauiraq.org/end-violence-against-women-campain.asp" class="external" target="_blank">report</a> notes. </p> <p>“The situation many Iraqi women and girls face is beyond words,” journalist Eman Khammas told IRIN in a telephone interview. “Before, I was a journalist, a professional; now, I am nothing.” </p> <p>Khammas noted an underlying social climate of intolerance that has become increasingly poisonous for women. She was forced to flee Iraq after receiving death threats that effectively stopped her – like thousands of other Iraqi women – from working. She now lives in Spain. </p> <h3>Stay home</h3> <p>Women’s participation in the labour force has fallen sharply since 2003. Before the invasion, 40 percent of public sector workers were women, according to a report by the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://www.brussellstribunal.org/cooperate.htm" class="external" target="_blank">BRussels Tribunal</a>, an anti-war movement. Some sectors, such as the teaching profession, were almost entirely staffed by women, Khammas said. </p> <p>She cited the “new, fundamentalist thinking”, which emerged after the 2003 invasion of Iraq that has been aggressively imposed by the militias, armed private groups purporting to uphold religious law. </p> <p>The collapse of public social services has also limited access to education, health and jobs, while a high level of insecurity has pushed women out of public life and into the seclusion of their homes, and an ineffective judicial system has created an atmosphere of impunity, Khammas said. </p> <p>The conservative attitudes of public sector officials has been reinforced by a government that supports keeping women at home, according to a 2007 report by the international women’s resource network, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://www.madre.org/" class="external" target="_blank">MADRE</a>. </p> <p>“In 2006, the Iraqi Interior Ministry issued a series of notices warning women not to leave their homes alone and echoing the directives of religious leaders who urge men to prevent women family members from holding jobs,” the report noted. </p> <p>“Thus, the violence carried out by militias in the streets is backed up by more respectable political leaders, who support the call for a women-free public sphere.” </p> <p>Escalating poverty has pushed Iraqi families into prioritizing schooling for boys, stifling future opportunities for women. </p> <p>“For every 100 boys enrolled in primary schools in Iraq, there are just under 89 girls,” the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF), said in a report released in September 2010. School enrollment figures for girls have been progressively declining, while drop-out rates have gone up in every academic year. </p> <h3>Getting out</h3> <p>Factors pushing girls out of schooling included “security risks, attitudes to girls and education, the state of the nation’s schools, what is taught and how it is taught, the skills and attitudes of teachers, family poverty,” UNICEF said. </p> <p>Like Khammas, many other women have chosen to leave Iraq, but asylum does not necessarily end their difficulties. Neighbouring Syria is home to the majority of what the UN Refugee Agency (UNHCR) considers as Iraqi “persons of concern” – people who have left their home country out of fear for their safety but do not conform to the legal definition of “refugee”. </p> <p>Of the 139,000 registered Iraqi persons of concern in Syria, 28 percent fall under female-headed households, the UNHCR Protection Officer in Syria, Aseer Al-Madaien, told IRIN in an email interview. </p> <p>Many do not have work permits, which compounds the difficulties female-headed households face in neighbouring countries, where they struggle to make a living, “especially paying the rent”, while still “coping with family, social and community pressure”, Al-Madaien commented. </p> <p>Their vulnerability can lead to exploitation. “There is trafficking happening among the Iraqi refugees, [but] the scope and modality is not known to us,” said Al-Madaien. </p> <p>According to the UN Inter-Agency Information and Analysis Unit report, “Victims are trafficked internally and to neighbouring countries, including Syria and the Gulf states”.</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?ReportID=91218" class="external" target="_blank">IRIN Middle East | IRAQ: No country for women | Iraq | Gender Issues | Governance | Human Rights | Security</a></p> </div> </div> <hr/> <div class="navigation"> <div class="alignleft"></div> <div class="alignright"></div> </div> </div> <div id="sidebar" class="span-10 last"> <div class="span-10" id="tabs"> <ul> <li class="ui-tabs-nav-item"><a href="#featured-articles">Featured Articles</a></li> <li class="ui-tabs-nav-item"><a href="#latest-articles">Latest Articles</a></li> </ul> <div id="featured-articles" class="widget"> <ul> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130129001147/http://gorillasguides.com/2012/04/19/hezbollah-says-latest-bombings-in-iraq-thwart-mission-to-build-state/">Hezbollah says latest bombings in Iraq “thwart mission 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