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id="toc-Types_of_shanks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Button_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Button_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Button shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Button_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Thread_shank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thread_shank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Thread shank</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thread_shank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specialty_shanks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specialty_shanks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Specialty shanks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specialty_shanks-sublist" 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Device for keeping space between a button and a garment</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leather_shank_button_up_close.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Leather_shank_button_up_close.jpg/220px-Leather_shank_button_up_close.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Leather_shank_button_up_close.jpg/330px-Leather_shank_button_up_close.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Leather_shank_button_up_close.jpg/440px-Leather_shank_button_up_close.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1782" data-file-height="2229" /></a><figcaption>A leather button with a metal shank</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spanish_button_ca._1650-75_12mm_f%26b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Spanish_button_ca._1650-75_12mm_f%26b.jpg/220px-Spanish_button_ca._1650-75_12mm_f%26b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Spanish_button_ca._1650-75_12mm_f%26b.jpg/330px-Spanish_button_ca._1650-75_12mm_f%26b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Spanish_button_ca._1650-75_12mm_f%26b.jpg/440px-Spanish_button_ca._1650-75_12mm_f%26b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="921" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>17th-century Spanish metal shank button</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shank_buttons.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Shank_buttons.jpg/240px-Shank_buttons.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Shank_buttons.jpg/360px-Shank_buttons.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Shank_buttons.jpg/480px-Shank_buttons.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="468" /></a><figcaption>Buttons with shanks</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>shank</b> is a device for providing a small amount of space in between a <a href="/wiki/Garment" class="mw-redirect" title="Garment">garment</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Button_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Button (clothing)">button</a>. Shanks are necessary to provide space for fabric to sit in between the button and the garment when the garment is buttoned. Shanks also allow a garment to <a href="/wiki/Drapery" title="Drapery">drape</a> nicely. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_shanks">Types of shanks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shank_(sewing)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Types of shanks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are two types of shanks used on buttons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Button_shank">Button shank</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shank_(sewing)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Button shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shank buttons have a hollow protrusion on the back through which thread is sewn to attach the button. Button shanks may be a separate piece added to the back of a button, or be carved or moulded directly onto the back of the button, in which case the button is referred to by collectors as having a 'self-shank';<sup id="cite_ref-Button_shanks,_various_materials_&_types_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Button_shanks,_various_materials_&_types-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> self-shanks are a common construction for older shell and glass buttons. Buttons with shanks have no holes in the button blank (the main part of the button) itself because they are not needed for sewing. Buttons with shanks are more expensive to produce than shankless buttons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Thread_shank">Thread shank</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shank_(sewing)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Thread shank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clothes_button.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Clothes_button.jpg/130px-Clothes_button.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5a/Clothes_button.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="184" data-file-height="166" /></a><figcaption>A button without a shank. A thread shank is required to properly sew this type of button onto a garment.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <i>thread shank</i> is made of thread and is intended to be used with a shankless button (a button with typically two or four holes). It is created while a button is being stitched onto a garment; a shankless button is first stitched onto the fabric, with a space left between the button and the fabric itself. This is usually done by keeping a toothpick or other small object in between the button and fabric while the button is stitched on. Once the button has been sewn through a few times, the toothpick is removed and the needle is moved down through one of the buttonholes, placing the needle and its thread in between the button and fabric. The sewer takes care to not tighten the thread too much. While holding the button away from the garment, the thread is then firmly wrapped around the button (in between the button and fabric) a few times to form a sturdy wrapper for the other threads. The needle is then pushed through the fabric to the underside of the garment, where it can then be securely fastened off. </p><p>A thread shank's length depends on the thickness of the fabric that will be buttoned. The ideal thread shank is long enough to button the garment closed without being too tight, affecting the drape and appearance of the garment, but short enough that the button does not flop around when buttoned. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specialty_shanks">Specialty shanks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shank_(sewing)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Specialty shanks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Regular thread is used to create a thread shank on lightweight garments such as shirts which are subject to little stress, but a specialty thread called <a href="/w/index.php?title=Buttonhole_twist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Buttonhole twist (page does not exist)">buttonhole twist</a> is used on items that experience more wear and tear, such as coats and pants. If a sewer uses regular thread, they usually use a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Double_thread&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Double thread (page does not exist)">double thread</a> to strengthen the quality of the stitching.</li> <li>Long coats that are good quality or better often have a special shank at the bottom button. Because the bottom button of a coat is subject to a lot of stress, shanks are typically longer than usual and are sometimes made with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elastic_thread&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elastic thread (page does not exist)">elastic thread</a>. In addition to the special shank, an additional shankless button with no thread shank is often used on the underside of the fabric when sewing the button on. As a result, the stress to the button, shank, and thread pulls on this second button instead of the fabric. This prevents the thread from damaging and ripping the fabric, and is one of two ways to prevent "popping a button" (the other method is to use good strong thread such as buttonhole twist).</li> <li>In addition to the typical shank and shankless buttons, covered buttons are shank buttons that have fabric completely covering the back. They are stitched on like regular shank buttons, but the sewer has to "feel" for the shank while they are sewing the button on. Covered buttons are handmade (to some degree), expensive, and are used in high-end and specialty garments.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shank_(sewing)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Button_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Button (clothing)">Button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing" title="Sewing">Sewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">Yarn</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shank_(sewing)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Button_shanks,_various_materials_&_types-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Button_shanks,_various_materials_&_types_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFButton_Country2010" class="citation web cs1">Button Country (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100617004046/http://www.buttoncountry.com/shanks.htm">"Back Types/Shanks (23-3)"</a>. Georgia, USA: Peach State Button Club. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://buttoncountry.com/shanks.htm">the original</a> on 17 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Back+Types%2FShanks+%2823-3%29&rft.place=Georgia%2C+USA&rft.pub=Peach+State+Button+Club&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Button+Country&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbuttoncountry.com%2Fshanks.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShank+%28sewing%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shank_(sewing)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Singer Clothing Care & Repair</i> by The Editors of Cy DeCosse Incorporated <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-86573-205-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-86573-205-1">0-86573-205-1</a></li> <li><i>Threads</i> magazine Issue 117 March 2005 pp.58</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sewing741" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output 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title="Gather (sewing)">Gather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godet_(sewing)" title="Godet (sewing)">Godet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gore_(fabrics)" title="Gore (fabrics)">Gore (fabrics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gusset" title="Gusset">Gusset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heirloom_sewing" title="Heirloom sewing">Heirloom sewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleat" title="Pleat">Pleat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirring" title="Shirring">Shirring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stitch_(textile_arts)" title="Stitch (textile arts)">Stitches</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_sewing_stitches" title="List of sewing stitches">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backstitch" title="Backstitch">Backstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar_tack" title="Bar tack">Bar tack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanket_stitch" title="Blanket stitch">Blanket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_stitch" title="Blind stitch">Blind stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buttonhole_stitch" title="Buttonhole stitch">Buttonhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_stitches" title="Cross stitches">Catch stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chain_stitch" title="Chain stitch">Chain stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coverstitch" title="Coverstitch">Coverstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-stitch" title="Cross-stitch">Cross-stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_stitch" title="Embroidery stitch">Embroidery stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemstitch" title="Hemstitch">Hemstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockstitch" title="Lockstitch">Lockstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overlock" title="Overlock">Overlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pad_stitch" title="Pad stitch">Pad stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pick_stitch" title="Pick stitch">Pick stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rantering" title="Rantering">Rantering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running_stitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Running stitch">Running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sashiko" title="Sashiko">Sashiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoating" title="Stoating">Stoating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tack_(sewing)" title="Tack (sewing)">Tack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topstitch" title="Topstitch">Topstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zigzag_stitch" title="Zigzag stitch">Zigzag</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Seam_(sewing)" title="Seam (sewing)">Seams</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neckline" title="Neckline">Neckline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felled_seam" title="Felled seam">Felled seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seam_allowance" title="Seam allowance">Seam allowance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Style_line" title="Style line">Style line</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Notions_(sewing)" title="Notions (sewing)">Notions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Trim_(sewing)" title="Trim (sewing)">Trim</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bias_tape" title="Bias tape">Bias tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar_stay" title="Collar stay">Collar stay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elastic_(notion)" title="Elastic (notion)">Elastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galloon" title="Galloon">Galloon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grommet" title="Grommet">Grommet/eyelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interfacing" title="Interfacing">Interfacing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passementerie" title="Passementerie">Passementerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piping_(sewing)" title="Piping (sewing)">Piping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruffle_(sewing)" title="Ruffle (sewing)">Ruffle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rickrack" title="Rickrack">Rickrack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-fabric" title="Self-fabric">Self-fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soutache" title="Soutache">Soutache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twill_tape" title="Twill tape">Twill tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrights_(textile_manufacturers)" title="Wrights (textile manufacturers)">Wrights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buckle" title="Buckle">Buckle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Button" title="Button">Button</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buttonhole" title="Buttonhole">Buttonhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_(fastening)" title="Frog (fastening)">Frog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook-and-eye_closure" title="Hook-and-eye closure">Hook-and-eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook-and-loop_fastener" title="Hook-and-loop fastener">Hook-and-loop fastener</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snap_fastener" title="Snap fastener">Snap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zipper" title="Zipper">Zipper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grain_(textile)" title="Grain (textile)">Grain/bias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selvage" title="Selvage">Selvage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">Textile/fabric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thread_(yarn)" title="Thread (yarn)">Thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bobbin" title="Bobbin">Bobbin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dress_form" title="Dress form">Dress form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlecase" title="Needlecase">Needlecase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needle_threader" title="Needle threader">Needle threader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattern_notcher" title="Pattern notcher">Pattern notcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pin" title="Pin">Pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pincushion" title="Pincushion">Pincushion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinking_shears" title="Pinking shears">Pinking shears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scissors" title="Scissors">Scissors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seam_ripper" title="Seam ripper">Seam ripper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing_gauge" title="Sewing gauge">Sewing gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing_needle" title="Sewing needle">Sewing needle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitching_awl" title="Stitching awl">Stitching awl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailor%27s_ham" title="Tailor's ham">Tailor's ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_measure" title="Tape measure">Tape measure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thimble" title="Thimble">Thimble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracing_paper" title="Tracing paper">Tracing paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tracing_wheel" title="Tracing wheel">Tracing wheel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sewing_occupations" title="List of sewing occupations">Trades</a></li><li>Suppliers</li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloth_merchant" title="Cloth merchant">Cloth merchant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draper" title="Draper">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dressmaker" title="Dressmaker">Dressmaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haberdasher" title="Haberdasher">Haberdasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercery" title="Mercery">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silkwoman" title="Silkwoman">Silkwoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailor" title="Tailor">Tailor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pattern_(sewing)" title="Pattern (sewing)">Patterns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butterick_Publishing_Company" title="Butterick Publishing Company">Butterick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burda_Style" title="Burda Style">Burda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothkits" title="Clothkits">Clothkits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCall%27s" title="McCall's">McCall's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simplicity_Pattern" title="Simplicity Pattern">Simplicity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sewing_machines" class="mw-redirect" title="Sewing machines">Machines</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_sewing_machine_brands" title="List of sewing machine brands">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy_Thimonnier" title="Barthélemy Thimonnier">Barthélemy Thimonnier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernina_International" title="Bernina International">Bernina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brother_Industries" title="Brother Industries">Brother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Howe" title="Elias Howe">Elias Howe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elna_(Swiss_company)" title="Elna (Swiss company)">Elna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feiyue_Group" title="Feiyue Group">Feiyue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frister_%26_Rossmann" title="Frister & Rossmann">Frister & Rossmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janome" title="Janome">Janome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jones_Sewing_Machine_Company" title="Jones Sewing Machine Company">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juki" title="Juki">Juki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrow_Sewing_Machine_Company" title="Merrow Sewing Machine Company">Merrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_L._Grout" title="William L. Grout">New Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pfaff" title="Pfaff">Pfaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewmor" title="Sewmor">Sewmor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singer_Corporation" title="Singer Corporation">Singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_edge_machine" title="Tape edge machine">Tape edge machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSM_Group" title="VSM Group">Viking/Husqvarna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Sewing_Machine_Company" title="White Sewing Machine Company">White</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sewing" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Sewing">Sewing</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emojione_1F458.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/16px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/24px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/32px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Clothing" title="Portal:Clothing">Clothing portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_sewing_terms" title="Glossary of sewing terms">Glossary of terms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Clothing_materials_and_parts136" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Clothing_materials_and_parts" title="Template:Clothing materials and parts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Clothing_materials_and_parts" title="Template talk:Clothing materials and parts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Clothing_materials_and_parts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Clothing materials and parts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Clothing_materials_and_parts136" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Clothing materials and parts</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Garment structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armscye" title="Armscye">Armscye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar_(clothing)" title="Collar (clothing)">Collar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_collar" title="Clerical collar">Clerical collar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar_stays" class="mw-redirect" title="Collar stays">Collar stays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detachable_collar" title="Detachable collar">Detachable collar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuff" title="Cuff">Cuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dart_(sewing)" title="Dart (sewing)">Dart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facing_(sewing)" title="Facing (sewing)">Facing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly_(clothing)" title="Fly (clothing)">Fly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapel" title="Lapel">Lapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gore_(segment)" title="Gore (segment)">Gore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hem" title="Hem">Hem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lining_(sewing)" title="Lining (sewing)">Lining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Placket" title="Placket">Placket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleat" title="Pleat">Pleat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket" title="Pocket">Pocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revers" title="Revers">Revers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruffle_(sewing)" title="Ruffle (sewing)">Ruffle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder_pads_(fashion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoulder pads (fashion)">Shoulder pad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder_strap" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoulder strap">Strap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeve" title="Sleeve">Sleeve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_(clothing)" title="Train (clothing)">Train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waistband" title="Waistband">Waistband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoke_(clothing)" title="Yoke (clothing)">Yoke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">Textiles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Natural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotton" title="Cotton">Cotton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fur_clothing" title="Fur clothing">Fur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">Linen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">Silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">Wool</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Synthetic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_leather" title="Artificial leather">Artificial leather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elastomer" title="Elastomer">Elastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nylon" title="Nylon">Nylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyester" title="Polyester">Polyester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rayon" title="Rayon">Rayon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spandex" title="Spandex">Spandex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hide_(skin)" title="Hide (skin)">Animal hides</a> / <a href="/wiki/Leather" title="Leather">leather</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calfskin" title="Calfskin">Calf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckskin_(leather)" title="Buckskin (leather)">Deer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goatskin_(material)" title="Goatskin (material)">Goat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_leather" title="Kangaroo leather">Kangaroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrich_leather" title="Ostrich leather">Ostrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sealskin" title="Sealskin">Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheepskin" title="Sheepskin">Sheep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snakeskin" title="Snakeskin">Snake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shagreen" title="Shagreen">Stingray</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fastener" title="Fastener">Fasteners</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Back_closure" title="Back closure">Back closure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belt_hook" title="Belt hook">Belt hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckle" title="Buckle">Buckle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Button" title="Button">Button</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buttonhole" title="Buttonhole">Buttonhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_(fastening)" title="Frog (fastening)">Frog</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook-and-eye_closure" title="Hook-and-eye closure">Hook-and-eye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook-and-loop_fastener" title="Hook-and-loop fastener">Hook-and-loop</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Velcro" class="mw-redirect" 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class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>1 language</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> 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