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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAd-Karolina" title="De sideynhâld sjen litte [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oerlis:S%C3%BAd-Karolina&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Oerlis oer de sideynhâld (noch net skreaun) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Oerlis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Taalfariant feroarje" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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class="mw-permissionerror-globalblocking-blockedtext-range"><b>Your IP address is in a range that has been <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Global_blocks" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Global blocks">blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis</a>.</b> <p>The block was made by <a href="/wiki/Meidogger:Jon_Kolbert" title="Meidogger:Jon Kolbert">‪Jon Kolbert‬</a>. 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If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/No_open_proxies" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/No open proxies">No open proxies</a> global policy. </p> Otherwise, to discuss the block please <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Global" class="extiw" title="m:Steward requests/Global">post a request for review on Meta-Wiki</a>. You could also send an email to the <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Stewards" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards">stewards</a> <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/VRT" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/VRT">VRT</a> queue at <kbd>stewards@wikimedia.org</kbd> including all above details.</div></div><hr /> <p>Jo kinne de boarnetekst fan dizze side besjen en kopiearje. </p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="fy" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">===Fan 'e Unôfhinklikheidsoarloch oant de Boargeroarloch=== By de [[Amerikaanske Revolúsje]] fan [[1776]] wie Súd-Karolina de earste fan 'e [[Trettjin Koloanjes]] dy't him oan it [[Grut-Brittanje|Britske]] koloniale bestjoer ûntskuorde en de ûnôfhinklikheid útrôp. De earste presidint fan 'e steat wie [[John Rutledge]] ([[1776]]-[[1778]]), dy't opfolge waard troch [[Rawlins Lowndes]] ([[1778]]-[[1779]]). Under de [[Amerikaanske Unôfhinklikheidsoarloch]] ([[1776]]-[[1783]]) slagge it de [[rebel]]len yn 't earstoan om 'e Britten út 'e steat te ferdriuwen, mar yn [[1780]] koene de Britten mei help fan Súdkarolynske loyalisten de steat weromferoverje. De [[Feriene Steaten|Amerikaanske]] oerwinning yn 'e [[Slach by Cowpens]], op [[17 jannewaris]] [[1781]], markearre lykwols de ein fan 'e Britske opmars. Uteinlik wiene de Britten yn [[1782]] twongen en jou Súd-Karolina hielendal op, wat ta in eksodus fan 'e loyalistyske boargerbefolking late. Op [[23 maaie]] [[1788]] wie Súd-Karolina de achtste steat dy't de [[Amerikaanske Grûnwet]] ratifisearre en dêrmei tatrêde ta de [[Feriene Steaten|Amerikaanske Uny]]. [[File:Millford_Plantation_HABS_color_2.jpg|left|thumb|220px|It haadgebou fan 'e Millford-[[plantaazje]], boud yn [[1839]]-[[1941]], ien fan 'e bêste foarbylden fan Grykske ''revival''-[[arsjitektuer]] yn 'e [[Feriene Steaten]].]] Geandewei de [[njoggentjinde iuw]] kaam Súd-Karolina almar mear op raamkoerts te lizzen mei it Amerikaanske federale regear yn [[Washington, D.C.]] Dat kaam benammen om't Washington in [[ekonomy]]ske [[polityk]] fierde dy't it [[yndustry|yndustriële]] Noarden befoardiele, mar krekt minne gefolgen hie foar it Suden, dat it hawwe moast fan 'e [[útfier]] fan [[lânbou]]produkten ([[katoen]]). Yn [[1832]] ferklearre it steatsparlemint mei de [[Ordinânsje fan Nullifikaasje]] de federale [[belesting]]wetten fan [[1828]] en [[1832]] ûngrûnwettich en dêrom fan nul en gjinderlei wearde. Fan [[1 febrewaris]] [[1833]] ôf waarden dy wetten sadwaande yn Súd-Karolina net mear neilibbe. Dat late ta de saneamde [[Nullifikaasjekrisis]], wêrby't it [[Amerikaanske Kongres]] oan presidint [[Andrew Jackson]] (opmerklikernôch de iennichste Amerikaanske presidint ea dy't berne wie yn Súd-Karolina) it rjocht joech om, as it moast, mei militêre middels yn Súd-Karolina yn te gripen. Fan gefolgen waard doe de Ordinânsje fan Nullifikaasje werroppen, mar de hiele episoade sette in protte kwea bloed by de Súdkaroliniërs. In oar tear punt yn 'e relaasjes fan Súd-Karolina mei it Noarden wie it [[abolysjonisme]] dat yn it Noarden almar mear oanhing krige. Om't de hiele Súdkarolynske ekonomy op slave-arbeid stipe, waard dat sjoen as in grutte bedriging foar de steat. Hoe hjit oft de hollen waarden, die yn [[1856]] bliken, doe't de [[Republikeinske Partij (Feriene Steaten)|Republikeinske]] [[Amerikaanske Senaat|senator]] foar [[Massachusetts]] [[Charles Sumner]] in taspraak hold wêryn't er oprôp om 'e slavernij fuortendaliks lanlik ôf te skaffen en boppedat de Súdkaroliniërs as groep misledige. Yn reäksje dêrop gie it Súdkarolynske lid fan it [[Amerikaanske Hûs fan Offurdigen]] [[Preston Brooks]] de senaat yn en joech Sumner in pak op 'e bealch mei in mei izer besleine [[gongelstôk]]. Hy ferwûne Sumner dêrby sa slim dat dy ferskate moannen syn funksje net útoefenje koe. Hoewol't Brooks neitiid syn sit yn it Kongres opjaan moast, waard er yn Súd-Karolina ûnthelle as in held. [[File:Fort_Sumter_National_Monument_sign_IMG_4524.JPG|right|thumb|250px|Boerd by de tagong ta [[Fort Sumter]], yn 'e [[haven]] fan [[Charleston (Súd-Karolina)|Charleston]], dêr't op [[12 april]] [[1861]] de [[Amerikaanske Boargeroarloch]] begûn.]] Doe't ein [[1860]] dúdlik waard dat [[Abraham Lincoln]], in tsjinstanner fan 'e útwreiding fan 'e slavernij nei nij-kolonisearre gebiet yn it [[Wylde Westen]], de Amerikaanske presidintsferkiezings fan dat jier wûn hie, wie Súd-Karolina op [[20 desimber]] [[1860]] de earste [[Amerikaanske Suden|Súdlike steat]] dy't him fan 'e [[Feriene Steaten|Amerikaanske Uny]] [[sesesje|ôfskate]]. Op [[8 febrewaris]] [[1861]] rjochte Súd-Karolina yn 'e mande mei [[Alabama]], [[Floarida]], [[Georgia]], [[Louisiana]] en [[Mississippy (steat)|Mississippy]] de [[Konfederearre Steaten fan Amearika]] op, dêr't har neitiid noch fiif oare steaten by oansleaten. Op [[12 april]] fan dat jier begûn yn Súd-Karolina de [[Amerikaanske Boargeroarloch]] ([[1861]]-[[1865]]), doe't de steatsmilysje úteinsette mei de besjitting fan [[Fort Sumter]], in troch de Noardliken besette fêsting yn 'e haven fan [[Charleston (Súd-Karolina)|Charleston]]. Neitiid blokearre de [[Amerikaanske Marine]] de haven fan Charleston en besette de [[See-eilannen]]. Súdkarolynske troepen namen diel oan hast alle wichtige Konfederearre fjildtochten, mar op it eigen grûngebiet waard mar amper fochten. Tsjin 'e ein fan 'e oarloch, yn it foarjier fan [[1865]], marsjearre de Noardlike [[generaal]] [[William Tecumseh Sherman]] mei syn leger dwers troch Súd-Karolina, wêrby't er lofts en rjochts [[plantaazje]]s platbaarnde en op [[17 febrewaris]] de steatshaadstêd [[Columbia (Súd-Karolina)|Columbia]] ynnaam. De nachts dêrop stiften syn manskippen op ferskate plakken brân, en in dei letter wie der fan it sintrum frijwol neat mear oer. Yn totaal sneuvelen 18.666 Súdkarolynske militêren yn 'e Boargeroarloch, wat delkaam op likernôch in trêdepart fan 'e manlike blanke befolking tusken de 15 en 60 jier. 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