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sheets</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: steel sheets"> <meta name="keywords" content="steel sheets"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="steel sheets"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2008</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: steel sheets</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2008</span> Optimal Design of Profiled Steel Sheet for Composite Slab</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adinew%20Gebremeskel%20Tizazu">Adinew Gebremeskel Tizazu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, in our world of technological development, there is an enhanced intention imposed on the building construction industry to improve the time, economy, and structural efficiency of structures. Modern profiled steel sheets are mostly designed as formwork and tensile reinforcement. This research is concerned with the optimal design of profiled steel sheets for composite slabs. Apart from satisfying the safety requirement, the design should be economical. For a given condition, there might be a large number of alternatives that satisfy the requirement set by the codes. But the designer must be in a position to choose the design, which is optimal against certain measures of optimality. Therefore, the designers have to do some optimization to arrive at such a design. In this research, the optimal cross-sectional dimensions of profiled steel sheets will be determined by considering different spans, loadings, and materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=profiled%20sheeting" title="profiled sheeting">profiled sheeting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20cross-sectional%20dimensions" title=" optimal cross-sectional dimensions"> optimal cross-sectional dimensions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold-formed%20profiled%20sheets" title=" cold-formed profiled sheets"> cold-formed profiled sheets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20slab" title=" composite slab"> composite slab</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189307/optimal-design-of-profiled-steel-sheet-for-composite-slab" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2007</span> Joining of Aluminum and Steel in Car Body Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Mahdi%20Mohammadi">Mohammad Mahdi Mohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zinc-coated steel sheets have been joined with aluminum samples in an overlapping as well as in a butt-joint configuration. A bi-metal-wire composed from aluminum and steel was used for additional welding experiments. An advantage of the laser-assisted bi-metal-wire welding is that the welding process is simplified since the primary joint between aluminium and steel exists already and laser welding occurs only between similar materials. FEM-simulations of the process were chosen to determine the ideal dimensions with respect to the formability of the bi-metal-wire. A prototype demonstrated the feasibility of the process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car%20body" title="car body">car body</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20sheets" title=" steel sheets"> steel sheets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formability%20of%20bi-metal-wire" title=" formability of bi-metal-wire"> formability of bi-metal-wire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser-assisted%20bi-metal-wire" title=" laser-assisted bi-metal-wire"> laser-assisted bi-metal-wire</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1580/joining-of-aluminum-and-steel-in-car-body-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2006</span> Reliability of Dissimilar Metal Soldered Joint in Fabrication of Electromagnetic Interference Shielded Door Frame </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rehan%20Waheed">Rehan Waheed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Aftab%20Saeed"> Hasan Aftab Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wasim%20Tarar"> Wasim Tarar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalid%20Mahmood"> Khalid Mahmood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajid%20Ullah%20Butt"> Sajid Ullah Butt </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) shielded doors made from brass extruded channels need to be welded with shielded enclosures to attain optimum shielding performance. Control of welding induced distortion is a problem in welding dissimilar metals like steel and brass. In this research, soldering of the steel-brass joint has been proposed to avoid weld distortion. The material used for brass channel is UNS C36000. The thickness of brass is defined by the manufacturing process, i.e. extrusion. The thickness of shielded enclosure material (ASTM A36) can be varied to produce joint between the dissimilar metals. Steel sections of different gauges are soldered using (91% tin, 9% zinc) solder to the brass, and strength of joint is measured by standard test procedures. It is observed that thin steel sheets produce a stronger bond with brass. The steel sections further require to be welded with shielded enclosure steel sheets through TIG welding process. Stresses and deformation in the vicinity of soldered portion is calculated through FE simulation. Crack formation in soldered area is also studied through experimental work. It has been found that in thin sheets deformation produced due to applied force is localized and has no effect on soldered joint area whereas in thick sheets profound cracks have been observed in soldered joint. The shielding effectiveness of EMI shielded door is compromised due to these cracks. The shielding effectiveness of the specimens is tested and results are compared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissimilar%20metal" title="dissimilar metal">dissimilar metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EMI%20shielding" title=" EMI shielding"> EMI shielding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint%20strength" title=" joint strength"> joint strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soldering" title=" soldering"> soldering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94980/reliability-of-dissimilar-metal-soldered-joint-in-fabrication-of-electromagnetic-interference-shielded-door-frame" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2005</span> Alternative Coating Compositions by Thermal Arc Spraying to Improve the Contact Heat Treatment in Press Hardening</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philipp%20Burger">Philipp Burger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jonas%20Sommer"> Jonas Sommer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haneen%20Daoud"> Haneen Daoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Franz%20Hilmer"> Franz Hilmer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uwe%20Glatzel"> Uwe Glatzel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Press-hardened structural components made of coated high-strength steel are an essential part of the automotive industry when it comes to weight reduction, safety, and durability. Alternative heat treatment processes, such as contact heating, have been developed to improve the efficiency of this process. However, contact heating of the steel sheets often results in cracking within the Al-Si-coated layer. Therefore, this paper will address the development of alternative coating compositions based on Al-Si-X, suitable for contact heating. For this purpose, robot-assisted thermal arc spray was applied to coat the high-strength steel sheets. This ensured high reproducibility as well as effectiveness. The influence of the coating parameters and the variation of the nozzle geometry on the microstructure of the developed coatings will be discussed. Finally, the surface and mechanical properties after contact heating and press hardening will be presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=press%20hardening" title="press hardening">press hardening</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20stamping" title=" hot stamping"> hot stamping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20spraying" title=" thermal spraying"> thermal spraying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arc%20spraying" title=" arc spraying"> arc spraying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating%20compositions" title=" coating compositions"> coating compositions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159998/alternative-coating-compositions-by-thermal-arc-spraying-to-improve-the-contact-heat-treatment-in-press-hardening" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2004</span> The Effect on Rolling Mill of Waviness in Hot Rolled Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sunthorn%20Sittisakuljaroen">Sunthorn Sittisakuljaroen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The edge waviness in hot rolled steel is a common defect. Variables that effect for such defect include as raw material and machine. These variables are necessary to consider. This research studied the defect of edge waviness for SS 400 of metal sheet manufacture. Defect of metal sheets divided into two groups. The specimens were investigated on chemical composition and mechanical properties to find the difference. The results of investigate showed that not different to a standard significantly. Therefore the roll milled machine for sample need to adjustable rollers for press on metal sheet which was more appropriate to adjustable at both ends. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=edge%20waviness" title="edge waviness">edge waviness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20rolling%20steel" title=" hot rolling steel"> hot rolling steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20sheet%20defect" title=" metal sheet defect"> metal sheet defect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SS%20400" title=" SS 400"> SS 400</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=roll%20leveller" title=" roll leveller "> roll leveller </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11857/the-effect-on-rolling-mill-of-waviness-in-hot-rolled-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2003</span> Effect of Upper Face Sheet Material on Flexural Strength of Polyurethane Foam Hybrid Sandwich Material</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Atef%20Gabr">M. Atef Gabr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20H.%20Abdel%20Latif"> M. H. Abdel Latif</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramadan%20El%20Gamsy"> Ramadan El Gamsy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sandwich panels comprise a thick, light-weight plastic foam such as polyurethane (PU) sandwiched between two relatively thin faces. One or both faces may be flat, lightly profiled or fully profiled. Until recently sandwich panel construction in Egypt has been widely used in cold-storage buildings, cold trucks, prefabricated buildings and insulation in construction. Recently new techniques are used in mass production of Sandwich Materials such as Reaction Injection Molding (RIM) and Vacuum bagging technique. However, in recent times their use has increased significantly due to their widespread structural applications in building systems. Structural sandwich panels generally used in Egypt comprise polyurethane foam core and thinner (0.42 mm) and high strength about 550 MPa (yield strength) flat steel faces bonded together using separate adhesives and By RIM technique. In this paper, we will use a new technique in sandwich panel preparation by using different face sheet materials in combination with polyurethane foam to form sandwich panel structures. Previously, PU Foam core with same thin 2 faces material was used, but in this work, we use different face materials and thicknesses for the upper face sheet such as Galvanized steel sheets (G.S),Aluminum sheets (Al),Fiberglass sheets (F.G) and Aluminum-Rubber composite sheets (Al/R) with polyurethane foam core 10 mm thickness and 45 Kg/m3 Density and Galvanized steel as lower face sheet. Using Aluminum-Rubber composite sheets as face sheet is considered a hybrid composite sandwich panel which is built by Hand-Layup technique by using PU glue as adhesive. This modification increases the benefits of the face sheet that will withstand different working environments with relatively small increase in its weight and will be useful in several applications. In this work, a 3-point bending test is used assistant professor to measure the most important factor in sandwich materials that is strength to weight ratio(STW) for different combinations of sandwich structures and make a comparison to study the effect of changing the face sheet material on the mechanical behavior of PU sandwich material. Also, the density of the different prepared sandwich materials will be measured to obtain the specific bending strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20sandwich%20panel" title="hybrid sandwich panel">hybrid sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20behavior" title=" mechanical behavior"> mechanical behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PU%20foam" title=" PU foam"> PU foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sandwich%20panel" title=" sandwich panel"> sandwich panel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-point%20bending" title=" 3-point bending"> 3-point bending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20strength" title=" flexural strength"> flexural strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47190/effect-of-upper-face-sheet-material-on-flexural-strength-of-polyurethane-foam-hybrid-sandwich-material" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2002</span> Effect of Impact Load on the Bond between Steel and CFRP Laminate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20Al-Mosawe">Alaa Al-Mosawe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riadh%20Al-Mahaidi"> Riadh Al-Mahaidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carbon fiber reinforced polymers have been wildly used to strengthen steel structural elements. Those structural elements are normally subjected to static, dynamic, fatigue loadings during their life time. CFRP laminate is one of the common methods to strengthen these structures under the subjected loads. A number of researches have been focused on the bond characteristics of CFRP sheets to steel members under static, dynamic and fatigue loadings. There is a lack in understanding the behavior of the CFRP laminates under impact loading. This paper is showing the effect of high load rate on this bond. CFRP laminate CFK 150/2000 was used to strengthen steel joint by using Araldite 420 epoxy. The results showed that applying high load rate has a significant effect on the bond strength while a little influence on the effective bond length. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesively%20bonded%20joints" title="adhesively bonded joints">adhesively bonded joints</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bond%20strength" title=" bond strength"> bond strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFRP%20laminate" title=" CFRP laminate"> CFRP laminate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20tensile%20loading" title=" impact tensile loading"> impact tensile loading</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14013/effect-of-impact-load-on-the-bond-between-steel-and-cfrp-laminate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2001</span> An Atomic Finite Element Model for Mechanical Properties of Graphene Sheets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Win-Jin%20Chang">Win-Jin Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haw-Long%20Lee"> Haw-Long Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Ching%20Yang"> Yu-Ching Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we use the atomic-scale finite element method to investigate the mechanical behavior of the armchair- and zigzag-structured nanoporous graphene sheets with the clamped-free-free-free boundary condition under tension and shear loadings. The effect of porosity on Young’s modulus and shear modulus of nanoporous graphene sheets is obvious. For the armchair- and zigzag-structured nanoporous graphene sheets, Young’s modulus and shear modulus decreases with increasing porosity. Young’s modulus and shear modulus of zigzag graphene are larger than that of armchair one for the same porosity. The results are useful for application in the design of nanoporous graphene sheets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene" title="graphene">graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoporous" title=" nanoporous"> nanoporous</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young%27s%20modulus" title=" Young's modulus"> Young's modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20modulus" title=" shear modulus"> shear modulus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65038/an-atomic-finite-element-model-for-mechanical-properties-of-graphene-sheets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2000</span> Construction of Strain Distribution Profiles of EDD Steel at Elevated Temperatures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Eshwara%20Prasad">K. Eshwara Prasad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Raman%20Goud"> R. Raman Goud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swadesh%20Kumar%20Singh"> Swadesh Kumar Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Sateesh"> N. Sateesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work forming limit diagrams and strain distribution profile diagrams for extra deep drawing steel at room and elevated temperatures have been determined experimentally by conducting stretch forming experiments by using designed and fabricated warm stretchforming tooling setup. With the help of forming Limit Diagrams (FLDs) and strain distribution profile diagrams the formability of Extra Deep Drawing steel has been analyzed and co-related with mechanical properties like strain hardening COEFFICIENT (n) and normal anisotropy (r−).Mechanical properties of EDD steel from room temperature to 4500C were determined and discussed the impact of temperature on the properties like work hardening exponent (n) anisotropy(r-) and strength coefficient of the material. Also the fractured surfaces after stretching have undergone the some metallurgical investigations and attempt has been made to co-relate with the formability of EDD steel sheets. They are co-related and good agreement with FLDs at various temperatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FLD" title="FLD">FLD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microhardness" title=" microhardness"> microhardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20distribution%20profile" title=" strain distribution profile"> strain distribution profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stretch%20forming" title=" stretch forming"> stretch forming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39843/construction-of-strain-distribution-profiles-of-edd-steel-at-elevated-temperatures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1999</span> Strain DistributionProfiles of EDD Steel at Elevated Temperatures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eshwara%20Prasad%20Koorapati">Eshwara Prasad Koorapati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Raman%20Goud"> R. Raman Goud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swadesh%20Kumar%20Singh"> Swadesh Kumar Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present work forming limit diagrams and strain distribution profile diagrams for extra deep drawing steel at room and elevated temperatures have been determined experimentally by conducting stretch forming experiments by using designed and fabricated warm stretch forming tooling setup. With the help of forming Limit Diagrams (FLDs) and strain distribution profile diagrams the formability of Extra Deep Drawing steel has been analyzed and co-related with mechanical properties like strain hardening coefficient (n) and normal anisotropy (r−).Mechanical properties of EDD steel from room temperature to 4500 C were determined and discussed the impact of temperature on the properties like work hardening exponent (n) anisotropy (r-) and strength coefficient of the material. Also, the fractured surfaces after stretching have undergone the some metallurgical investigations and attempt has been made to co-relate with the formability of EDD steel sheets. They are co-related and good agreement with FLDs at various temperatures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FLD" title="FLD">FLD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro%20hardness" title=" micro hardness"> micro hardness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strain%20distribution%20profile" title=" strain distribution profile"> strain distribution profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stretch%20forming" title=" stretch forming"> stretch forming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20453/strain-distributionprofiles-of-edd-steel-at-elevated-temperatures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1998</span> Using CFRP Sheets and Anchors on Sand-Lightweight Perlite Concrete to Evaluate the Flexural Behaviour of T-Beams</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Zaki">Mohammed Zaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayder%20Rasheed"> Hayder Rasheed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper evaluates the flexural response of sand-lightweight Perlite concrete using full-scale reinforced concrete T beams strengthened and anchored with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials. Four specimens were prepared with the same geometry, steel reinforcements, concrete properties, and span lengths. The anchored beams had a similar number of CFRP sheets but were secured utilizing different arrangements of CFRP fiber anchors. That will allow for effective and easily making comparisons to examine the flexural strengthening behavior of sand-lightweight Perlite concrete beams with anchors. The experimental outcomes were also compared with the numerical study and the comparisons were discussed. The test results showed an improvement in flexural behavior due to the use of CFRP sheets and anchors. Interestingly, the anchored beams recorded similar ultimate strength regardless of the number of CFRP fiber anchors used due to the failure by excessive wide cracks in the concrete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perlite%20concrete" title="perlite concrete">perlite concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFRP%20fiber%20anchors" title=" CFRP fiber anchors"> CFRP fiber anchors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lightweight%20concrete" title=" lightweight concrete"> lightweight concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=full-scale%20T-beams" title=" full-scale T-beams"> full-scale T-beams</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167039/using-cfrp-sheets-and-anchors-on-sand-lightweight-perlite-concrete-to-evaluate-the-flexural-behaviour-of-t-beams" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167039.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1997</span> Hybrid Stainless Steel Girder for Bridge Construction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tetsuya%20Yabuki">Tetsuya Yabuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasunori%20Arizumi"> Yasunori Arizumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tetsuhiro%20Shimozato"> Tetsuhiro Shimozato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samy%20Guezouli"> Samy Guezouli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroaki%20Matsusita"> Hiroaki Matsusita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masayuki%20Tai"> Masayuki Tai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main object of this paper is to present the research results of the development of a hybrid stainless steel girder system for bridge construction undertaken at University of Ryukyu. In order to prevent the corrosion damage and reduce the fabrication costs, a hybrid stainless steel girder in bridge construction is developed, the stainless steel girder of which is stiffened and braced by structural carbon steel materials. It is verified analytically and experimentally that the ultimate strength of the hybrid stainless steel girder is equal to or greater than that of conventional carbon steel girder. The benefit of the life-cycle cost of the hybrid stainless steel girder is also shown. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20structure" title="smart structure">smart structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20stainless%20steel%20members" title=" hybrid stainless steel members"> hybrid stainless steel members</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultimate%20strength" title=" ultimate strength"> ultimate strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20bridge" title=" steel bridge"> steel bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion%20prevention" title=" corrosion prevention"> corrosion prevention</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51375/hybrid-stainless-steel-girder-for-bridge-construction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51375.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1996</span> Unusual Weld Failures of Rotary Compressor during Hydraulic Tests: Analysis revealed Boron Induced Cracking in Fusion Zone</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaushal%20Kishore">Kaushal Kishore</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vaibhav%20Jain"> Vaibhav Jain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hrishikesh%20Jugade"> Hrishikesh Jugade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saurabh%20Hadas"> Saurabh Hadas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manashi%20Adhikary"> Manashi Adhikary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goutam%20Mukhopadhyay"> Goutam Mukhopadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandip%20Bhattacharyya"> Sandip Bhattacharyya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rotary air compressors in air conditioners are used to suck excessive volume of air from the atmosphere in a small space to provide drive to the components attached to them. Hydraulic test is one of the most important methods to decide the suitability of these components for usage. In the present application, projection welding is used to join the hot rolled steel sheets after forming for manufacturing of air compressors. These sheets belong to two different high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel grades. It was observed that one batch of compressors made of a particular grade was cracking from the weld, whereas those made of another grade were passing the hydraulic tests. Cracking was repeatedly observed from the weld location. A detailed comparative study of the compressors which failed and successfully passed pressure tests has been presented. Location of crack initiation was identified to be the interface of fusion zone/heat affected zone. Shear dimples were observed on the fracture surface confirming the ductile mode of failure. Hardness profile across the weld revealed a sharp rise in hardness in the fusion zone. This was attributed to the presence of untempered martensitic lath in the fusion zone. A sharp metallurgical notch existed at the heat affected zone/fusion zone interface due to transition in microstructure from acicular ferrite and bainite in HAZ to untempered martensite in the fusion zone. In contrast, welds which did not fail during the pressure tests showed a smooth hardness profile with no abnormal rise in hardness in the fusion zone. The bainitic microstructure was observed in the fusion zone of successful welds. This difference in microstructural constituents in the fusion zone was attributed to the presence of a small amount of boron (0.002 wt. %) in the sheets which were cracking. Trace amount of boron is known to substantially increase the hardenability of HSLA steel, and cooling rate during resolidification in the fusion zone is sufficient to form martensite. Post-weld heat treatment was recommended to transform untempered martensite to tempered martensite with lower hardness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressor" title="compressor">compressor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracking" title=" cracking"> cracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=martensite" title=" martensite"> martensite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weld" title=" weld"> weld</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boron" title=" boron"> boron</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardenability" title=" hardenability"> hardenability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20strength%20low%20alloy%20steel" title=" high strength low alloy steel"> high strength low alloy steel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107209/unusual-weld-failures-of-rotary-compressor-during-hydraulic-tests-analysis-revealed-boron-induced-cracking-in-fusion-zone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1995</span> A Range of Steel Production in Japan towards 2050</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reina%20Kawase">Reina Kawase</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Japan set the goal of 80% reduction in GHG emissions by 2050. To consider countermeasures for reducing GHG emission, the production estimation of energy intensive materials, such as steel, is essential. About 50% of steel production is exported in Japan, so it is necessary to consider steel production including export. Steel productions from 2005-2050 in Japan were estimated under various global assumptions based on combination of scenarios such as goods trade scenarios and steel making process selection scenarios. Process selection scenarios decide volume of steel production by process (basic oxygen furnace and electric arc furnace) with considering steel consumption projection, supply-demand balance of steel, and scrap surplus. The range of steel production by process was analyzed. Maximum steel production was estimated under the scenario which consumes scrap in domestic steel production at maximum level. In 2035, steel production reaches 149 million ton because of increase in electric arc furnace steel. However, it decreases towards 2050 and amounts to 120 million ton, which is almost same as a current level. Minimum steel production is under the scenario which assumes technology progress in steel making and supply-demand balance consideration in each region. Steel production decreases from base year and is 44 million ton in 2050. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=goods%20trade%20scenario" title="goods trade scenario">goods trade scenario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20making%20process%20selection%20scenario" title=" steel making process selection scenario"> steel making process selection scenario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20production" title=" steel production"> steel production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming" title=" global warming"> global warming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41704/a-range-of-steel-production-in-japan-towards-2050" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">383</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1994</span> Development of new Ecological Cleaning Process of Metal Sheets </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20M.%20L%C3%B3pez%20L%C3%B3pez">L. M. López López</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20V.%20Montesdeoca%20Contreras"> J. V. Montesdeoca Contreras</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Cuji%20Fajardo"> A. R. Cuji Fajardo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20E.%20Garz%C3%B3n%20Mu%C3%B1oz"> L. E. Garzón Muñoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20I.%20Fajardo%20Seminario"> J. I. Fajardo Seminario</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article a new method of cleaning process of metal sheets for household appliances was developed, using low-pressure cold plasma. In this context, this research consist in analyze the results of metal sheets cleaning process using plasma and compare with pickling process to determinate the efficiency of each process and the level of contamination produced. Surface Cleaning was evaluated by measuring the contact angle with deionized water, diiodo methane and ethylene glycol, for the calculus of the surface free energy by means of the Fowkes theories and Wu. Showing that low-pressure cold plasma is very efficient both in cleaning process how in environment impact. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficient%20use%20of%20plasma" title="efficient use of plasma">efficient use of plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20impact%20of%20plasma" title=" ecological impact of plasma"> ecological impact of plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal%20sheets%20cleaning%20means" title=" metal sheets cleaning means"> metal sheets cleaning means</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasma%20cleaning%20process." title=" plasma cleaning process. "> plasma cleaning process. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30939/development-of-new-ecological-cleaning-process-of-metal-sheets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30939.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1993</span> Shear Strengthening of RC T-Beams by Means of CFRP Sheets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20A.%20Farghal">Omar A. Farghal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aimed to experimentally and analytically investigate the contribution of bonded web carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets to the shear strength of reinforced concrete (RC) T-beams. Two strengthening techniques using CFRP strips were applied along the shear-span zone: the first one is vertical U-jacket and the later is vertical strips bonded to the beam sides only. Fibers of both U-jacket and side sheets were vertically oriented (θ = 90°). Test results showed that the strengthening technique with U-jacket CFRP sheets improved the shear strength particularly. Three mechanisms of failure were recognized for the tested beams depending upon the end condition of the bonded CFRP sheet. Although the failure mode for the different beams was a brittle one, the strengthened beams provided with U-jacket CFRP sheets showed more or less a ductile behavior at a higher loading level up to a load level just before failure. As a consequence, these beams approved an acceptable enhancement in the structural ductility. Moreover, the obtained results concerning both the strains induced in the CFRP sheets and the maximum loads are used to study the applicability of the analytical models proposed in this study (ACI code) to predict: the nominal shear strength of the strengthened beams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20fiber%20reinforced%20polymer" title="carbon fiber reinforced polymer">carbon fiber reinforced polymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wrapping" title=" wrapping"> wrapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductility" title=" ductility"> ductility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strengthening" title=" shear strengthening"> shear strengthening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6324/shear-strengthening-of-rc-t-beams-by-means-of-cfrp-sheets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1992</span> Experimental Study of Al₂O₃ and SiC Nano Particles on Tensile Strength of Al 1100 Sheet Produced by Accumulative Press Bonding Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zadshakoyan">M. Zadshakoyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Marassem%20Bonab"> H. Marassem Bonab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20M.%20Keshtiban"> P. M. Keshtiban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The SPD process widely used to optimize microstructure, strength and mechanical properties of the metals. Processes such as ARB and APB could have a considerable impact on improving the properties of metals. The aluminum material after steel, known as the most used metal, Because of its low strength, there are restrictions on the use of this metal, it is required to spread further studies to increase strength and improve the mechanical properties of this light weight metal. In this study, Annealed aluminum material, with yield strength of 85 MPa and tensile strength of 124 MPa, sliced into 2 sheets with dimensions of 30 and 25 mm and the thickness of 1.5 mm. then the sheets press bonded under 6 cycles, which increased the ultimate strength to 281 MPa. In addition, by adding 0.1%Wt of SiC particles to interface of the sheets, the sheets press bonded by 6 cycles to achieve a homogeneous composite. The same operation using Al2O3 particles and a mixture of SiC+Al2O3 particles was repeated and the amount of strength and elongation of produced composites compared with each other and with pure 6 cycle press bonded Aluminum. The results indicated that the ultimate strength of Al/SiC composite was 2.6 times greater than Annealed aluminum. And Al/Al2O3 and Al/Al2O3+SiC samples were low strength than Al/SiC sample. The pure 6 time press bonded Aluminum had lowest strength by 2.2 times greater than annealed aluminum. Strength of aluminum was increased by making the metal matrix composite. Also, it was found that the hardness of pure Aluminum increased 1.7 times after 6 cycles of APB process, hardness of the composite samples improved further, so that, the hardness of Al/SiC increased up to 2.51 times greater than annealed aluminum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=APB" title="APB">APB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20composite" title=" nano composite"> nano composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20particles" title=" nano particles"> nano particles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=severe%20plastic%20deformation" title=" severe plastic deformation"> severe plastic deformation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57167/experimental-study-of-al2o3-and-sic-nano-particles-on-tensile-strength-of-al-1100-sheet-produced-by-accumulative-press-bonding-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57167.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">300</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1991</span> Nonlinear Analysis of Torsionally Loaded Steel Fibred Self-Compacted Concrete Beams Reinforced by GFRP Bars </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Saad%20Eldin%20Mohamed%20Ragab">Khaled Saad Eldin Mohamed Ragab </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates analytically the torsion behavior of steel fibered high strength self compacting concrete beams reinforced by GFRP bars. Nonlinear finite element analysis on 12 beams specimens was achieved by using ANSYS software. The nonlinear finite element analysis program ANSYS is utilized owing to its capabilities to predict either the response of reinforced concrete beams in the post elastic range or the ultimate strength of a reinforced concrete beams produced from steel fiber reinforced self compacting concrete (SFRSCC) and reinforced by GFRP bars. A general description of the finite element method, theoretical modeling of concrete and reinforcement are presented. In order to verify the analytical model used in this research using test results of the experimental data, the finite element analysis were performed. Then, a parametric study of the effect ratio of volume fraction of steel fibers in ordinary strength concrete, the effect ratio of volume fraction of steel fibers in high strength concrete, and the type of reinforcement of stirrups were investigated. A comparison between the experimental results and those predicted by the existing models are presented. Results and conclusions thyat may be useful for designers have been raised and represented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20analysis" title="nonlinear analysis">nonlinear analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=torsionally%20loaded" title=" torsionally loaded"> torsionally loaded</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self%20compacting%20concrete" title=" self compacting concrete"> self compacting concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20fiber%20reinforced%20self%20compacting%20concrete%20%28SFRSCC%29" title=" steel fiber reinforced self compacting concrete (SFRSCC)"> steel fiber reinforced self compacting concrete (SFRSCC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GFRP%20bars%20and%20sheets" title=" GFRP bars and sheets"> GFRP bars and sheets</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4945/nonlinear-analysis-of-torsionally-loaded-steel-fibred-self-compacted-concrete-beams-reinforced-by-gfrp-bars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4945.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1990</span> Evaluation of Uniformity for Gafchromic Sheets for Film Dosimetry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fayzan%20Ahmed">Fayzan Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Bin%20Saeed"> Saad Bin Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Qadir%20Jangda"> Abdul Qadir Jangda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gafchromic™ sheet are extensively used for the QA of intensity modulated radiation therapy and other in-vivo dosimetry. Intra-sheet Non-uniformity of scanner as well as film causes undesirable fluctuations which are reflected in dosimetry The aim of this study is to define a systematic and robust method to investigate the intra-sheet uniformity of the unexposed Gafchromic Sheets and the region of interest (ROI) of the scanner. Sheets of lot No#: A05151201 were scanned before and after the expiry period with the EPSON™ XL10000 scanner in the transmission mode, landscape orientation and 72 dpi resolution. ROI of (8’x 10’ inches) equal to the sheet dimension in the center of the scanner is used to acquire images with full transmission, block transmission and with sheets in place. 500 virtual grids, created in MATALB® are imported as a macros in ImageJ (1.49m Wayne Rasband) to analyze the images. In order to remove the edge effects, the outer 86 grids are excluded from the analysis. The standard deviation of the block transmission and full transmission are 0.38% and 0.66% confirming a higher uniformity of the scanner. Expired and non-expired sheets have standard deviations of 2.18% and 1.29%, show that uniformity decreases after expiry. The results are promising and indicates a good potential of this method to be used as a uniformity check for scanner and unexposed Gafchromic sheets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMRT" title="IMRT">IMRT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20dosimetry" title=" film dosimetry"> film dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20grids" title=" virtual grids"> virtual grids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniformity" title=" uniformity"> uniformity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24242/evaluation-of-uniformity-for-gafchromic-sheets-for-film-dosimetry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24242.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1989</span> Structural Performance of Concrete Beams Reinforced with Steel Plates: Experimental Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mazin%20Mohammed%20S.%20Sarhan">Mazin Mohammed S. Sarhan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study presents the performance of concrete beams reinforced with steel plates as a technique of reinforcement. Three reinforced concrete beams with the dimensions of 200 mm x 300 mm x 4000 mm (width x height x length, respectively) were experimentally investigated under flexural loading. The deformed steel bars were used as the main reinforcement for the first beam. A steel plate placed horizontally was used as the main reinforcement for the second beam. The bond between the steel plate and the surrounding concrete was enhanced by using steel bolts (with a diameter of 20 mm and length of 100 mm) welded to the steel plate at a regular distance of 200 mm. A pair of steel plates placed vertically was used as the main reinforcement for the third beam. The bond between the pair steel plates and the surrounding concrete was enhanced by using 4 equal steel angles (with the dimensions of 75 mm x 75 mm and the thickness of 8 mm) for each vertical steel plate. Two steel angles were welded at each end of the steel plate. The outcomes revealed that the bending stiffness of the beams reinforced with steel plates was higher than that reinforced with deformed steel bars. Also, the flexural ductile behavior of the second beam was much higher than the rest beams. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20beam" title="concrete beam">concrete beam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deflection" title=" deflection"> deflection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ductility" title=" ductility"> ductility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plate" title=" plate"> plate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114584/structural-performance-of-concrete-beams-reinforced-with-steel-plates-experimental-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1988</span> Ultimate Stress of the Steel Tube in Circular Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Stub Columns Subjected to Axial Compression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siqi%20Lin">Siqi Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yangang%20Zhao"> Yangang Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concrete-filled steel tube column achieves the excellent performance of high strength, stiffness, and ductility due to the confinement from the steel tube. Well understanding the stress of the steel tube is important to make clear the confinement effect. In this paper, the ultimate stress of the steel tube in circular concrete-filled steel tube columns subjected to axial compression was studied. Experimental tests were conducted to investigate the effects of the parameters, including concrete strength, steel strength, and D/t ratio, on the ultimate stress of the steel tube. The stress of the steel tube was determined by employing the Prandtl-Reuss flow rule associated with isotropic strain hardening. Results indicate that the stress of steel tube was influenced by the parameters. Specimen with higher strength ratio fy/fc and smaller D/t ratio generally leads to a higher utilization efficiency of the steel tube. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete-filled%20steel%20tube" title="concrete-filled steel tube">concrete-filled steel tube</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=axial%20compression" title=" axial compression"> axial compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultimate%20stress" title=" ultimate stress"> ultimate stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=utilization%20efficiency" title=" utilization efficiency"> utilization efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71468/ultimate-stress-of-the-steel-tube-in-circular-concrete-filled-steel-tube-stub-columns-subjected-to-axial-compression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71468.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1987</span> A Simple Method for Evaluation of Uniformity for Gafchromic Sheets for Film Dosimetry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fayzan%20Ahmed">Fayzan Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Bin%20Saeed"> Saad Bin Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Qadir%20Jangda"> Abdul Qadir Jangda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gafchromic™ sheet are extensively used for the QA of intensity modulated radiation therapy and other in-vivo dosimetry. Intra-sheet Non-uniformity of scanner as well as film causes undesirable fluctuations which are reflected in dosimetry The aim of this study is to define a systematic and robust method to investigate the intra-sheet uniformity of the unexposed Gafchromic Sheets and the region of interest (ROI) of the scanner. Sheets of lot No#: A05151201 were scanned before and after the expiry period with the EPSON™ XL10000 scanner in the transmission mode, landscape orientation, and 72 dpi resolution. ROI of (8’x 10’ inches) equal to the sheet dimension in the center of the scanner is used to acquire images with full transmission, block transmission and with sheets in place. 500 virtual grids, created in MATALB® are imported as a macros in ImageJ (1.49m Wayne Rasband) to analyze the images. In order to remove the edge effects, the outer 86 grids are excluded from the analysis. The standard deviation of the block transmission and full transmission are 0.38% and 0.66% confirming a higher uniformity of the scanner. Expired and non-expired sheets have standard deviations of 2.18% and 1.29%, show that uniformity decreases after expiry. The results are promising and indicate a good potential of this method to be used as a uniformity check for scanner and unexposed Gafchromic sheets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMRT" title="IMRT">IMRT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20dosimetry" title=" film dosimetry"> film dosimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20grids" title=" virtual grids"> virtual grids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uniformity" title=" uniformity"> uniformity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24115/a-simple-method-for-evaluation-of-uniformity-for-gafchromic-sheets-for-film-dosimetry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">429</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1986</span> Fracture Mechanics Modeling of a Shear-Cracked RC Beams Shear-Strengthened with FRP Sheets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahriar%20Shahbazpanahi">Shahriar Shahbazpanahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaleh%20Kamgar"> Alaleh Kamgar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> So far, the conventional experimental and theoretical analysis in fracture mechanics have been applied to study concrete flexural- cracked beams, which are strengthened using fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite sheets. However, there is still little knowledge about the shear capacity of a side face FRP- strengthened shear-cracked beam. A numerical analysis is herein presented to model the fracture mechanics of a four-point RC beam, with two inclined initial notch on the supports, which is strengthened with side face FRP sheets. In the present study, the shear crack is forced to conduct by using an initial notch in supports. The ABAQUS software is used to model crack propagation by conventional cohesive elements. It is observed that the FRP sheets play important roles in preventing the propagation of shear cracks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crack" title="crack">crack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FRP" title=" FRP"> FRP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear" title=" shear"> shear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strengthening" title=" strengthening"> strengthening</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25999/fracture-mechanics-modeling-of-a-shear-cracked-rc-beams-shear-strengthened-with-frp-sheets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">550</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1985</span> Architectural Strategies for Designing Durable Steel Structural Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Taghdiri">Alireza Taghdiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Ghanbarzade%20Ghomi"> Sara Ghanbarzade Ghomi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, steel structures are used for not only common buildings but also high-rise construction and wide span covering. The advanced methods of construction as well as the advanced structural connections have a great effect on architecture. However a better use of steel structural systems will be achieved with the deep understanding of steel structures specifications and their substantial advantages. On the other hand, the steel structures face to the different environmental factors such as air flow which cause erosion and corrosion. With the time passing, the amount of these steel mass damages and also the imposed stress will be increased. In other words, the position of erosion in steel structures related to existing stresses indicates that effective environmental conditions will gradually decrease the structural resistance of steel components and result in decreasing the durability of steel components. In this paper, the durability of different steel structural components is evaluated and on the basis of these stress, architectural strategies for designing the system and the components of steel structures is recognized in order to achieve an optimum life cycle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title="durability">durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20stress" title=" bending stress"> bending stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erosion%20in%20steel%20structure" title=" erosion in steel structure"> erosion in steel structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20cycle" title=" life cycle"> life cycle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18159/architectural-strategies-for-designing-durable-steel-structural-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">561</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1984</span> Computational Approaches for Ballistic Impact Response of Stainless Steel 304</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Mostafa">A. Mostafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a numerical study on determination of ballistic limit velocity (<em>V<sub>50</sub></em>) of stainless steel 304 (SS 304) used in manufacturing security screens. The simulated ballistic impact tests were conducted on clamped sheets with different thicknesses using ABAQUS/Explicit nonlinear finite element (FE) package. The ballistic limit velocity was determined using three approaches, namely: numerical tests based on material properties, FE calculated residual velocities and FE calculated residual energies. Johnson-Cook plasticity and failure criterion were utilized to simulate the dynamic behaviour of the SS 304 under various strain rates, while the well-known Lambert-Jonas equation was used for the data regression for the residual velocity and energy model. Good agreement between the investigated numerical methods was achieved. Additionally, the dependence of the ballistic limit velocity on the sheet thickness was observed. The proposed approaches present viable and cost-effective assessment methods of the ballistic performance of SS 304, which will support the development of robust security screen systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ballistic%20velocity" title="ballistic velocity">ballistic velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stainless%20steel" title=" stainless steel"> stainless steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20approaches" title=" numerical approaches"> numerical approaches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security%20screen" title=" security screen"> security screen</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125088/computational-approaches-for-ballistic-impact-response-of-stainless-steel-304" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125088.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1983</span> Mechanical and Microstructural Properties of SA 210 Gr. C Pipes Welded by Tungsten Inert Gas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Demirta%C5%9F">H. Demirtaş</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0.%20H.%20Kara"> İ. H. Kara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Ahlatc%C4%B1"> H. Ahlatcı</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Welding failures of steel pipes in power plants usually occur in weld zones. This is similar for the economizer, water walls and superheaters in the power plants where SA 210 Gr. C steel pipes are used. Although these steel pipes have very good welding properties, the welding parameters are also important for the welding life. Welding processes of this pipes are carried out by TIG and SMA techniques. In this study SA 210 Gr. C steel pipes were welded by TIG method and investigated how PWHT affected the welding properties. The results show that this steel does not require post weld heat treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SA%20210%20Gr.%20C%20steel%20pipes" title="SA 210 Gr. C steel pipes">SA 210 Gr. C steel pipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TIG%20welding" title=" TIG welding"> TIG welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HAZ%20region" title=" HAZ region"> HAZ region</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Widmanstatten%20ferrite" title=" Widmanstatten ferrite"> Widmanstatten ferrite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62986/mechanical-and-microstructural-properties-of-sa-210-gr-c-pipes-welded-by-tungsten-inert-gas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62986.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">298</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1982</span> Experimental Study on Post-Fire Mechanical Properties of S235 Steel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahyar%20Maali">Mahyar Maali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merve%20Sagiroglu"> Merve Sagiroglu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmut%20Kilic"> Mahmut Kilic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulkadir%20Cuneyt%20Aydin"> Abdulkadir Cuneyt Aydin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to evaluate the residual strength of S235 (St37) steel structures after the fire, an experimental program was undertaken to investigate the post-fire mechanical properties. Tensile coupons taken from S235 sheets were exposed to varying temperatures as 200°C, 400°C, 600°C, and 800 °C. The samples were then allowed to cool down to ambient temperature before they were tested to failure. To obtain the mechanical properties of steels; tensile tests are performed, and the post-fire stress-strain curves are evaluated. The microstructures of the heat-treated specimens were examined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). It is seen that morphology and size of the precipitates in the specimens change, as the heat increases. The modulus of elasticity decreases, and deformation increases with temperature. Energy dissipation decreases due to lower stress according to the stress-strain curves of the specimens. Especially, the mechanical properties were decreased compared with the pre-fire ones. As a result of the post-fire and pre-fire behavior of S235, a set of equations is evaluated to predict the mechanical properties after the fire. These types of equations may allow the structural and/or fire engineers to predict accurately the post-fire behavior of the buildings constructed with S235 type steel. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-fire%20behavior" title="post-fire behavior">post-fire behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress-strain%20curves" title=" stress-strain curves"> stress-strain curves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20study" title=" experimental study"> experimental study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S235%20steel" title=" S235 steel"> S235 steel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91279/experimental-study-on-post-fire-mechanical-properties-of-s235-steel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1981</span> Experimental Verification of Different Types of Shear Connectors on Composite Slab</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Siva">A. Siva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Senthil"> R. Senthil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Banupriya"> R. Banupriya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Saravanakumar"> R. Saravanakumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cold-formed steel sheets are widely used as primary tension reinforcement in composite slabs. It also performs as formwork for concreting and better ceiling surface. The major type of failure occurring in composite slab is shear failure. When the composite slab is flexurally loaded, the longitudinal shear is generated and transferred to the steel sheet concrete interface. When the load increases, the interface slip occurs. The slip failure can be resisted by mechanical interface interlock by shear studs. In this paper, the slip failure has been resisted by shear connectors and geometry of the steel sheet alone. The geometry of the sheet is kept constant for all the specimens and the type of shear connectors has been varied. Totally, three types of shear connectors (viz., straight headed, U and J) are bolted to the trapezoidal profile sheet and the concrete is casted over it. After curing, the composite slab is subjected to flexure load and the test results are compared with the numerical results analysed by ABAQUS software. The test result shows that the U-shaped bolted stud has higher flexure strength than the other two types of shear connectors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20formed%20steel%20sheet" title="cold formed steel sheet">cold formed steel sheet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=headed%20studs" title=" headed studs"> headed studs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20interlock" title=" mechanical interlock"> mechanical interlock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20connectors" title=" shear connectors"> shear connectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20failure" title=" shear failure"> shear failure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slip%20failure" title=" slip failure "> slip failure </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24077/experimental-verification-of-different-types-of-shear-connectors-on-composite-slab" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24077.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1980</span> Behaviour of Beam Reinforced with Longitudinal Steel-CFRP Composite Reinforcement under Static Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faris%20A.%20Uriayer">Faris A. Uriayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehtab%20Alam"> Mehtab Alam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The concept of using a hybrid composite by combining two or more different materials to produce bilinear stress–strain behaviour has become a subject of interest. Having studied the mechanical properties of steel-CFRP specimens (CFRP Laminate Sandwiched between Mild Steel Strips), full size steel-CFRP composite reinforcement were fabricated and used as a new reinforcing material inside beams in lieu of traditional steel bars. Four beams, three beams reinforced with steel-CFRP composite reinforcement and one beam reinforced with traditional steel bars were cast, cured and tested under quasi-static loading. The flexural test results of the beams reinforced with this composite reinforcement showed that the beams with steel-CFRP composite reinforcement had comparable flexural strength and flexural ductility with beams reinforced with traditional steel bars. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CFRP%20laminate" title="CFRP laminate">CFRP laminate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20strip" title=" steel strip"> steel strip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexural%20behaviour" title=" flexural behaviour"> flexural behaviour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20model" title=" modified model"> modified model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20beam" title=" concrete beam"> concrete beam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23469/behaviour-of-beam-reinforced-with-longitudinal-steel-cfrp-composite-reinforcement-under-static-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23469.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">689</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1979</span> Investigation of the Corroded Steel Beam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hesamaddin%20Khoshnoodi">Hesamaddin Khoshnoodi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Rahbar%20Ranji"> Ahmad Rahbar Ranji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Corrosion in steel structures is one of the most important issues that should be considered in designing and constructing. Corrosion reduces the cross section and load capacity of element and leads to costly damage of structures. In this paper, the corrosion has been modeled for moment stresses. Moreover, the steel beam has been modeled using ABAQUS advanced finite element software. The conclusions of this study demonstrated that the displacement of the analyzed composite steel girder bridge might increase. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abaqus" title="Abaqus">Abaqus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Corrosion" title=" Corrosion"> Corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deformation" title=" deformation"> deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steel%20Beam" title=" Steel Beam"> Steel Beam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55152/investigation-of-the-corroded-steel-beam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55152.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul 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