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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Oliviero_Diliberto_a_Trento.JPG/440px-Oliviero_Diliberto_a_Trento.JPG 2x" data-file-width="823" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Justice">Minister of Justice</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />21 October 1998 – 26 April 2000</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Massimo_D%27Alema" title="Massimo D'Alema">Massimo D'Alema</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Maria_Flick" title="Giovanni Maria Flick">Giovanni Maria Flick</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Piero_Fassino" title="Piero Fassino">Piero Fassino</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Chamber_of_Deputies" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Chamber of Deputies">Member of the Chamber of Deputies</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 April 1994 – 28 April 2008</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1956-10-13</span>) </span>13 October 1956<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 68)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Italian_Communist_Party" title="Italian Communist Party">PCI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1974-1991)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Communist_Refoundation_Party" title="Communist Refoundation Party">PRC</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1991-1998)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Italian_Communists" title="Party of Italian Communists">PdCI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998-2014)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cagliari" title="University of Cagliari">University of Cagliari</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data">Academic, politician</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output 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0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Communism_in_Italy" title="Category:Communism in Italy">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a> in <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party.svg/225px-Flag_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party.svg/300px-Flag_of_the_Italian_Communist_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1715" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emilio_Covelli" title="Emilio Covelli">Emilio Covelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Cafiero" title="Carlo Cafiero">Carlo Cafiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Errico Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costantino_Lazzari" title="Costantino Lazzari">Costantino Lazzari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Galleani" title="Luigi Galleani">Luigi Galleani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egidio_Gennari" title="Egidio Gennari">Egidio Gennari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicola_Bombacci" title="Nicola Bombacci">Nicola Bombacci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_Bordiga" title="Amadeo Bordiga">Amadeo Bordiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Antonio Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Fortichiari" title="Bruno Fortichiari">Bruno Fortichiari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Di_Vittorio" title="Giuseppe Di Vittorio">Giuseppe Di Vittorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Palmiro Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruggero_Grieco" title="Ruggero Grieco">Ruggero Grieco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onorato_Damen" title="Onorato Damen">Onorato Damen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galvano_Della_Volpe" title="Galvano Della Volpe">Galvano Della Volpe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Longo" title="Luigi Longo">Luigi Longo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altiero_Spinelli" title="Altiero Spinelli">Altiero Spinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alessandro_Natta" title="Alessandro Natta">Alessandro Natta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilde_Iotti" title="Nilde Iotti">Nilde Iotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raniero_Panzieri" title="Raniero Panzieri">Raniero Panzieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Lama" title="Luciano Lama">Luciano Lama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Paolo_Pasolini" title="Pier Paolo Pasolini">Pier Paolo Pasolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Berlinguer" title="Enrico Berlinguer">Enrico Berlinguer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livio_Maitan" title="Livio Maitan">Livio Maitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucio_Colletti" title="Lucio Colletti">Lucio Colletti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_Napolitano" title="Giorgio Napolitano">Giorgio Napolitano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giangiacomo_Feltrinelli" title="Giangiacomo Feltrinelli">Giangiacomo Feltrinelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Cossutta" title="Armando Cossutta">Armando Cossutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Tronti" title="Mario Tronti">Mario Tronti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Negri" title="Antonio Negri">Antonio Negri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Scuderi" title="Giovanni Scuderi">Giovanni Scuderi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gianni_Vattimo" title="Gianni Vattimo">Gianni Vattimo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Occhetto" title="Achille Occhetto">Achille Occhetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fausto_Bertinotti" title="Fausto Bertinotti">Fausto Bertinotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renato_Curcio" title="Renato Curcio">Renato Curcio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domenico_Losurdo" title="Domenico Losurdo">Domenico Losurdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvia_Federici" title="Silvia Federici">Silvia Federici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margherita_Cagol" title="Margherita Cagol">Margherita Cagol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernesto_Screpanti" title="Ernesto Screpanti">Ernesto Screpanti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Berardi" title="Franco Berardi">Franco Berardi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Virno" title="Paolo Virno">Paolo Virno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Ferrando" title="Marco Ferrando">Marco Ferrando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesare_Battisti_(militant)" title="Cesare Battisti (militant)">Cesare Battisti</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Oliviero Diliberto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nichi_Vendola" title="Nichi Vendola">Nichi Vendola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_Ferrero" title="Paolo Ferrero">Paolo Ferrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Toscano" title="Alberto Toscano">Alberto Toscano</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fasci_Siciliani" title="Fasci Siciliani">Fasci Siciliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biennio_Rosso" title="Biennio Rosso">Biennio Rosso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XVII_Congress_of_the_Italian_Socialist_Party" title="XVII Congress of the Italian Socialist Party">XVII Congress of the PSI</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/I_Congress_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Italy" title="I Congress of the Communist Party of Italy">I Congress of the PCd'I</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pro%C5%A1tina_rebellion" title="Proština rebellion">Proština rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aventine_Secession_(20th_century)" title="Aventine Secession (20th century)">Aventine Secession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_resistance_movement" title="Italian resistance movement">Italian Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Republic_of_Caulonia" title="Red Republic of Caulonia">Red Republic of Caulonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_De_Gasperi_government" title="Third De Gasperi government">Third De Gasperi government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portella_della_Ginestra_massacre" title="Portella della Ginestra massacre">Portella della Ginestra massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_1947_crises" title="May 1947 crises">May 1947 crises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manifesto_of_the_101" title="Manifesto of the 101">Manifesto of the 101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Years_of_Lead_(Italy)" title="Years of Lead (Italy)">Years of Lead</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_Autumn" title="Hot Autumn">Hot Autumn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primavalle_fire" title="Primavalle fire">Primavalle fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Sergio_Ramelli" title="Assassination of Sergio Ramelli">Assassination of Sergio Ramelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_and_murder_of_Aldo_Moro" title="Kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro">Moro case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitterrand_doctrine" title="Mitterrand doctrine">Mitterrand doctrine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_of_1977" title="Movement of 1977">Movement of 1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Compromise" title="Historic Compromise">Historic Compromise</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Ideologies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_communism" title="Anarchist communism">Anarchist communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomism" title="Autonomism">Autonomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_Bordiga#Theories_and_beliefs" title="Amadeo Bordiga">Bordigism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_communism" title="Christian communism">Christian communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_communism" title="Council communism">Council communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocommunism" title="Eurocommunism">Eurocommunism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_road_to_socialism" title="Italian road to socialism">Italian road to socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_communism" title="Left communism">Left communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_humanism" title="Marxist humanism">Marxist humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migliorismo" title="Migliorismo">Migliorismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Gramscianism" title="Neo-Gramscianism">Neo-Gramscianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Marxism" title="Neo-Marxism">Neo-Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Marxism" title="Post-Marxism">Post-Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Marxism" title="Western Marxism">Western Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workerism" title="Workerism">Workerism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-clericalism" title="Anti-clericalism">Anti-clericalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">Anti-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimilitarism" title="Antimilitarism">Antimilitarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_hegemony" title="Cultural hegemony">Cultural hegemony</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counterhegemony" title="Counterhegemony">Counterhegemony</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euroscepticism" title="Euroscepticism">Euroscepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_centralism" title="Organic centralism">Organic centralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passive_revolution" title="Passive revolution">Passive revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solidarity" title="Solidarity">Solidarity</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Subaltern_(postcolonialism)" title="Subaltern (postcolonialism)">Subalterns</a></i></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Current organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lotta_Comunista" title="Lotta Comunista">Lotta Comunista (Communist Struggle)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anticapitalist_Left_(Italy)" title="Anticapitalist Left (Italy)">Anticapitalist Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CARC_Party" title="CARC Party">CARC Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Alternative_Party" title="Communist Alternative Party">Communist Alternative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Front_(Italy)" title="Communist Front (Italy)">Communist Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(Italy)" title="Communist Party (Italy)">Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Refoundation_Party" title="Communist Refoundation Party">Communist Refoundation Party</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Young_Communists_(Italy)" title="Young Communists (Italy)">GC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotta_Comunista" title="Lotta Comunista">Communist Struggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countercurrent_(Italy,_2006)" title="Countercurrent (Italy, 2006)">Countercurrent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Communist_Party_(2016)" title="Italian Communist Party (2016)">Italian Communist Party (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_General_Confederation_of_Labour" title="Italian General Confederation of Labour">Italian General Confederation of Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Party" title="Italian Marxist–Leninist Party">Italian Marxist–Leninist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_of_Communists" title="Network of Communists">Network of Communists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Union_(Italy)" title="People's Union (Italy)">People's Union</a></li> <li><a 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Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_Unity_Party_(Italy)" title="Proletarian Unity Party (Italy)">Proletarian Unity Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Brigades" title="Red Brigades">Red Brigades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volante_Rossa" title="Volante Rossa">Volante Rossa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potere_Operaio" title="Potere Operaio">Workers' Power</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberazione_(newspaper)" title="Liberazione (newspaper)">Liberazione</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_manifesto" title="Il manifesto">il manifesto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattuglia" title="Pattuglia">Pattuglia</a></li> <li><a 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communism_in_Italy" title="Template:Communism in Italy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communism_in_Italy" title="Template talk:Communism in Italy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Communism_in_Italy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Communism in Italy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Oliviero Diliberto</b> (born 13 October 1956 in <a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a>) is an Italian politician.<sup id="cite_ref-Dunphy2004_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dunphy2004-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has been leader of the <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Italian_Communists" title="Party of Italian Communists">Party of Italian Communists</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliviero_Diliberto&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oliviero Diliberto was born in a family of public servants (his father Marco was employed as attorney in the Administration of the Region of <a href="/wiki/Sardinia" title="Sardinia">Sardinia</a>, his mother Lella was a teacher). His youth is scarred by the untimely death of his father in 1971, after which he had to be a fatherly role for his younger siblings: his sister Ludovica, then eight years old, and his brother Alessio, who was born just two months before. Diliberto becomes involved with politics in 1969 at age 13, when he was in high school. It is a time of turmoil in Italian schools, and young Oliviero quickly rises through the ranks of the student movement during his University studies. He eventually becomes Secretary of the FGCI (Federation of Young Italian Communists, the youth organisation of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Communist_Party" title="Italian Communist Party">PCI</a>) for the province of <a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a> in 1978, the same year of his graduation. </p><p>Fascinated by the philosophic thought of <a href="/wiki/Michel_Foucault" title="Michel Foucault">Michel Foucault</a>, after graduating from high school he traveled for <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> where, to support himself, he briefly worked at the city <a href="/wiki/Morgue" title="Morgue">morgue</a>, preparing corpses that had to undergo <a href="/wiki/Autopsy" title="Autopsy">autopsy</a>. </p><p>From 1978 to 1986 he earns scholarships to further his law studies in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, then he works as researcher in the university of <a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a>, where later he will reach the post of Professor of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Law">Roman Law</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliviero_Diliberto&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A former member of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Communist_Party" title="Italian Communist Party">Italian Communist Party</a>, Diliberto joined the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Refoundation_Party_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Refoundation Party (Italy)">Communist Refoundation Party</a> after the breakup of his former party. </p><p>First elected as MP in 1994 for the Communist Refoundation Party, Diliberto left his party in 1998 in contrast with the leadership's line about a <a href="/wiki/Motion_of_no_confidence" title="Motion of no confidence">motion of no confidence</a> in which <a href="/wiki/Romano_Prodi" title="Romano Prodi">Romano Prodi</a> was defeated. So Diliberto, together with <a href="/wiki/Armando_Cossutta" title="Armando Cossutta">Armando Cossutta</a> and others, founded the Party of Italian Communists, of which he became the secretary. Diliberto then served as Minister of Justice in the first government of <a href="/wiki/Massimo_D%27Alema" title="Massimo D'Alema">Massimo D'Alema</a>, becoming one of the only two party members which were part of that government. He maintained the position until 2000, leaving voluntarily in the reshuffle, in order to concentrate on the party. </p><p>On taking office as Minister of Justice, he declared to the press his pride in being <i>"The second Communist appointed as Minister of Justice after <a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Palmiro Togliatti</a>"</i>, and made a point of having the same desk previously used by the postwar Communist leader restored and placed in his office at the Ministry. </p><p>In November 2004 he was widely criticized for meeting with the leader of <a href="/wiki/Hizbollah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hizbollah">Hizbollah</a>, Sheik <a href="/wiki/Hassan_Nasrallah" title="Hassan Nasrallah">Hassan Nasrallah</a>, during a visit to <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>. This prompted a protest note to the Italian Government from the Israeli Ambassador in Rome. </p><p>Before the <a href="/wiki/2006_Italian_general_election" title="2006 Italian general election">April 2006 general election</a> held in Italy (and won by the centre-left coalition), he declared he would not serve as minister in case of a <a href="/wiki/Centre-left" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre-left">centre-left</a> win, and instead he would maintain his place as party leader, and so he has. </p><p>In May 2006 he was elected to the City Council of <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>. He is currently professor of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Law">Roman Law</a> at the Faculty of Law of the <i>"<a href="/wiki/La_Sapienza" class="mw-redirect" title="La Sapienza">La Sapienza</a>"</i> University of Rome. </p><p>Before the <a href="/wiki/2008_Italian_general_election" title="2008 Italian general election">April 2008 snap general election</a> (caused by the fall of the <a href="/wiki/Prodi_II_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="Prodi II Cabinet">Prodi II Cabinet</a>), Diliberto refused candidacy to the <a href="/wiki/Camera_dei_Deputati" class="mw-redirect" title="Camera dei Deputati">Camera dei Deputati</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Torino" class="mw-redirect" title="Torino">Torino</a> constituency for the left-wing alliance <a href="/wiki/The_Left_%E2%80%93_The_Rainbow" title="The Left – The Rainbow">The Left – The Rainbow</a>, which his party was participating to, on grounds of giving a chance to be elected to a junior party fellow - a steel worker in the local <a href="/wiki/Thyssen-Krupp" class="mw-redirect" title="Thyssen-Krupp">Thyssen-Krupp</a> steelworks, where a fire on 6 December 2007 had killed seven colleagues. </p><p>After the disastrous results of both the 2008 general elections and of the 2009 European election, where the Italian left-wing parties failed to reach the minimum <a href="/wiki/Election_threshold" class="mw-redirect" title="Election threshold">threshold</a>, Diliberto has been confirmed as party secretary, with a mandate to pursue unity of the left wing parties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliviero_Diliberto&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Oliviero Diliberto has been married twice: in 1985 he married Ms. Delia Cardia, from which he separated after some years. He is currently married (since 1997) to Ms. Gabriella Serrenti with whom he met in 1978 at the university where he was assistant lecturer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliviero_Diliberto&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Elections </th> <th>House </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th>Party </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>Result </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1994_Italian_general_election" title="1994 Italian general election">1994</a> </td> <td>Chamber of Deputies </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_constituencies_(1994%E2%80%932006)" title="List of Italian constituencies (1994–2006)">Iglesias</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Communist_Refoundation_Party" title="Communist Refoundation Party">Communist Refoundation Party</a> </td> <td>28 170 </td> <td><b>Elected</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1996_Italian_general_election" title="1996 Italian general election">1996</a> </td> <td>Chamber of Deputies </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_constituencies_(1994%E2%80%932006)" title="List of Italian constituencies (1994–2006)">Scandiano</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Communist_Refoundation_Party" title="Communist Refoundation Party">Communist Refoundation Party</a> </td> <td>54 368 </td> <td><b>Elected</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_Italian_general_election" title="2001 Italian general election">2001</a> </td> <td>Chamber of Deputies </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_constituencies_(1994%E2%80%932006)" title="List of Italian constituencies (1994–2006)">Scandiano</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Italian_Communists" title="Party of Italian Communists">Party of Italian Communists</a> </td> <td>61 645 </td> <td><b>Elected</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2006_Italian_general_election" title="2006 Italian general election">2006</a> </td> <td>Chamber of Deputies </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Italian_Communists" title="Party of Italian Communists">Party of Italian Communists</a> </td> <td>-<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><b>Elected</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2013_Italian_general_election" title="2013 Italian general election">2013</a> </td> <td>Senate </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emilia-Romagna" title="Emilia-Romagna">Emilia-Romagna</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Civil_Revolution" title="Civil Revolution">Civil Revolution</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td>Not elected </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oliviero_Diliberto&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Dunphy2004-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dunphy2004_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration 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.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDunphy2004" class="citation book cs1">Dunphy, Richard (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8ILv-HBTlf8C&pg=PA90"><i>Contesting capitalism?: left parties and European integration</i></a>. Manchester University Press. pp. 90–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-6804-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7190-6804-1"><bdi>978-0-7190-6804-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contesting+capitalism%3F%3A+left+parties+and+European+integration&rft.pages=90-&rft.pub=Manchester+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-7190-6804-1&rft.aulast=Dunphy&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8ILv-HBTlf8C%26pg%3DPA90&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOliviero+Diliberto" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Elected in a <a href="/wiki/Closed_list" title="Closed list">closed list</a> proportional representation system.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Maria_Flick" title="Giovanni Maria Flick">Giovanni Maria Flick</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Justice" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Minister of Justice">Italian Minister of Justice</a> </b><br />1998-2000 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Piero_Fassino" title="Piero Fassino">Piero Fassino</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc">Assembly seats </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Title jointly held</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Italian_Chamber_of_Deputies" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Chamber of Deputies">Member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies</a> <br /> Legislatures <br /> XII, XIII, XIV, XV </b><br />1994 - present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Armando_Cossutta" title="Armando Cossutta">Armando Cossutta</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Italian_Communists" title="Party of Italian Communists">Secretary of the Party of Italian Communists</a> </b><br />2000 - present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Incumbent</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="D&#039;Alema_I_Cabinet_(1998–1999)35" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:D%27Alema_I_Cabinet" title="Template:D'Alema I Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:D%27Alema_I_Cabinet" title="Template talk:D'Alema I Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=Gian_Guido_Folloni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gian Guido Folloni (page does not exist)">Folloni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuliano_Amato" title="Giuliano Amato">Amato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Maccanico" title="Antonio Maccanico">Maccanico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livia_Turco" title="Livia Turco">Turco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamberto_Dini" title="Lamberto Dini">Dini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Russo_Iervolino" title="Rosa Russo Iervolino">Iervolino</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Diliberto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Azeglio_Ciampi" title="Carlo Azeglio Ciampi">Ciampi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Visco" title="Vincenzo Visco">Visco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Scognamiglio" title="Carlo Scognamiglio">Scognamiglio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Berlinguer" title="Luigi Berlinguer">Berlinguer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Micheli" class="mw-redirect" title="Enrico Micheli">Micheli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_De_Castro" title="Paolo De Castro">De Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiziano_Treu" title="Tiziano Treu">Treu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Cardinale" title="Salvatore Cardinale">Cardinale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Luigi_Bersani" title="Pier Luigi Bersani">Bersani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Bassolino" title="Antonio Bassolino">Bassolino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesare_Salvi" title="Cesare Salvi">Salvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_Fassino" title="Piero Fassino">Fassino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosy_Bindi" title="Rosy Bindi">Bindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edo_Ronchi" title="Edo Ronchi">Ronchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanna_Melandri" title="Giovanna Melandri">Melandri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortensio_Zecchino" title="Ortensio Zecchino">Zecchino</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/55px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/83px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/110px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="808" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="D&#039;Alema_II_Cabinet_(1999–2000)36" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:D%27Alema_II_Cabinet" title="Template:D'Alema II Cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:D%27Alema_II_Cabinet" title="Template talk:D'Alema II Cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:D%27Alema_II_Cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:D'Alema II Cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="D&#039;Alema_II_Cabinet_(1999–2000)36" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/D%27Alema_II_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="D'Alema II Cabinet">D'Alema II Cabinet</a> (1999–2000)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katia_Bellillo" title="Katia Bellillo">Bellillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_Bassanini" title="Franco Bassanini">Bassanini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Balbo" title="Laura Balbo">Balbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrizia_Toia" title="Patrizia Toia">Toia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agazio_Loiero" title="Agazio Loiero">Loiero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Maccanico" title="Antonio Maccanico">Maccanico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livia_Turco" title="Livia Turco">Turco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamberto_Dini" title="Lamberto Dini">Dini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enzo_Bianco" title="Enzo Bianco">Bianco</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Diliberto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuliano_Amato" title="Giuliano Amato">Amato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Visco" title="Vincenzo Visco">Visco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Mattarella" title="Sergio Mattarella">Mattarella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Berlinguer" title="Luigi Berlinguer">Berlinguer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willer_Bordon" title="Willer Bordon">Bordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paolo_De_Castro" title="Paolo De Castro">De Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Luigi_Bersani" title="Pier Luigi Bersani">Bersani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Cardinale" title="Salvatore Cardinale">Cardinale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Letta" title="Enrico Letta">Letta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesare_Salvi" title="Cesare Salvi">Salvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_Fassino" title="Piero Fassino">Fassino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosy_Bindi" title="Rosy Bindi">Bindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanna_Melandri" title="Giovanna Melandri">Melandri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edo_Ronchi" title="Edo Ronchi">Ronchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortensio_Zecchino" title="Ortensio Zecchino">Zecchino</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Italy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/55px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/83px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Emblem_of_Italy.svg/110px-Emblem_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="710" data-file-height="808" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739002#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2435" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739002#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2435" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739002#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000081856767">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000444580860">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/116719976">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/82158/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJcKJxGMhyCWMq9q3cDTHC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/130548316">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81131195">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124426692">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb124426692">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00974586">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Diliberto, Oliviero"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV105171">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p073957844">Netherlands</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p341118265">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Diliberto, Oliviero, 1956-"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000335847&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/177875">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007325622605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" 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