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user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Logo" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Logo" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. 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class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporary_logos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporary_logos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Contemporary logos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contemporary_logos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Logo_design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logo_design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Logo design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logo_design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Logo_color" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logo_color"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Logo color</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Logo_color-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Logo color subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Logo_color-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Logo_design_process" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logo_design_process"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Logo design process</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logo_design_process-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dynamic_logos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dynamic_logos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Dynamic logos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dynamic_logos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internet-compatible_logos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internet-compatible_logos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Internet-compatible logos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internet-compatible_logos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design_protection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design_protection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Design protection</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design_protection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Logo</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 83 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-83" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">83 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenteken" title="Kenteken – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kenteken" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1_(%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B2)" title="شعار (رمز) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شعار (رمز)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotipo" title="Logotipo – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Logotipo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loqotip" title="Loqotip – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Loqotip" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%8B" title="লোগো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লোগো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Логотип – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Логотип" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Лого – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лого" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotip" title="Logotip – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Logotip" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuncezzione_di_loghi" title="Cuncezzione di loghi – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Cuncezzione di loghi" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo_(Zeichen)" title="Logo (Zeichen) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Logo (Zeichen)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF" title="Λογότυπο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λογότυπο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotipo" title="Logotipo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Logotipo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markemblemo" title="Markemblemo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Markemblemo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotipo" title="Logotipo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Logotipo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="نشان‌واره – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نشان‌واره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BAmerki" title="Búmerki – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Búmerki" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotipo" title="Logotipo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Logotipo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EA%B3%A0" title="로고 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="로고" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Տարբերանշան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տարբերանշան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B" title="लोगो – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लोगो" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotip" title="Logotip – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Logotip" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotipo" title="Logotipo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Logotipo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9C" title="סמליל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סמליל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%98" title="ლოგოტიპი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლოგოტიპი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Логотип – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Логотип" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nembo" title="Nembo – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nembo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Логотип – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Логотип" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotypus" title="Logotypus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Logotypus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotipas" title="Logotipas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Logotipas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log%C3%B3" title="Logó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Logó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Лого – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лого" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B" title="ലോഗോ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലോഗോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88" title="لوجو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لوجو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%82%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF" title="လိုဂို – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လိုဂို" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beeldmerk" title="Beeldmerk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Beeldmerk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B4%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%97" title="ロゴタイプ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ロゴタイプ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo_(grafeca)" title="Logo (grafeca) – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Logo (grafeca)" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotip" title="Logotip – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Logotip" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%8B" title="ਲੋਗੋ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲੋਗੋ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88" title="لوگو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لوگو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotipo" title="Logotipo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Logotipo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Логотип – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Логотип" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88" title="لوگو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="لوگو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotip" title="Logotip – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Logotip" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%86%DA%AF%DB%86" title="لۆگۆ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لۆگۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Лого – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лого" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo" title="Logo – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Logo" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logotyp" title="Logotyp – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Logotyp" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="அடையாளச் சின்னம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அடையாளச் சின்னம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8B" title="లోగో – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="లోగో" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C" title="ตราสัญลักษณ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตราสัญลักษณ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Нишонвора – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нишонвора" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0mlek" title="İmlek – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İmlek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Логотип – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Логотип" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%D9%88" title="لوگو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لوگو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BB%83u_tr%C6%B0ng" title="Biểu trưng – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biểu trưng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Im%C3%A5djete" title="Imådjete – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Imådjete" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%BF%97" title="标志 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="标志" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%92%88%E7%A8%BF" title="撈稿 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="撈稿" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%BF%97" title="标志 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="标志" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nr mw-list-item"><a href="https://nr.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-logo" title="I-logo – South Ndebele" lang="nr" hreflang="nr" data-title="I-logo" data-language-autonym="IsiNdebele seSewula" data-language-local-name="South Ndebele" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiNdebele seSewula</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Graphic mark, emblem, or symbol used to aid and promote public identification and recognition</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Logotype" redirects here. For the racehorse, see <a href="/wiki/Logotype_(horse)" title="Logotype (horse)">Logotype (horse)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the graphic mark or emblem. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Logo_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Logo (disambiguation)">Logo (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NASA%2BIBM%2BBIPM_logos.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/NASA%2BIBM%2BBIPM_logos.svg/220px-NASA%2BIBM%2BBIPM_logos.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="510" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/NASA%2BIBM%2BBIPM_logos.svg/330px-NASA%2BIBM%2BBIPM_logos.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/NASA%2BIBM%2BBIPM_logos.svg/440px-NASA%2BIBM%2BBIPM_logos.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="110" data-file-height="255" /></a><figcaption>Three logos: <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Business_Machines" class="mw-redirect" title="International Business Machines">IBM</a> by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Rand" title="Paul Rand">Paul Rand</a> and the <a href="/wiki/International_Bureau_of_Weights_and_Measures" title="International Bureau of Weights and Measures">International Bureau of Weights and Measures</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chiswick_Lion.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Chiswick_Lion.png" decoding="async" width="149" height="280" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="149" data-file-height="280" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">Coat of arms</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Chiswick_Press" title="Chiswick Press">Chiswick Press</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>logo</b> (abbreviation of <b>logotype</b>;<sup id="cite_ref-Oxford_Dictionaries_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford_Dictionaries-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a> <i> </i>λόγος<i> (lógos)</i> 'word, speech' and <i> </i>τύπος<i> (túpos)</i> 'mark, imprint') is a <a href="/wiki/Graphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Graphic">graphic</a> mark, <a href="/wiki/Emblem" title="Emblem">emblem</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">symbol</a> used to aid and promote public identification and recognition. It may be of an abstract or figurative design or to include the text of the name that it represents as in a <a href="/wiki/Wordmark" title="Wordmark">wordmark</a>. </p><p>In the days of <a href="/wiki/Hot_metal_typesetting" title="Hot metal typesetting">hot metal typesetting</a>, a logotype was one word cast as a single piece of type (e.g. "The" in ATF <a href="/wiki/Garamond" title="Garamond">Garamond</a>), as opposed to a <a href="/wiki/Typographic_ligature" class="mw-redirect" title="Typographic ligature">ligature</a>, which is two or more letters joined, but not forming a word.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By extension, the term was also used for a uniquely set and arranged <a href="/wiki/Typeface" title="Typeface">typeface</a> or <a href="/wiki/Colophon_(publishing)" title="Colophon (publishing)">colophon</a>. At the level of <a href="/wiki/Mass_communication" title="Mass communication">mass communication</a> and in common usage, a company's logo is today often synonymous with its <a href="/wiki/Trademark" title="Trademark">trademark</a> or <a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">brand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wheeler_dbi_pg4_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wheeler_dbi_pg4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary" title="Online Etymology Dictionary">Douglas Harper's Online Etymology Dictionary</a> states that the term 'logo' used in 1937 "probably a shortening of <a href="/wiki/Logogram" title="Logogram">logogram</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <p>Numerous inventions and techniques have contributed to the contemporary logo, including <a href="/wiki/Cylinder_seal" title="Cylinder seal">cylinder seals</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2300 BCE</span>), <a href="/wiki/Coin" title="Coin">coins</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 600 BCE</span>),<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Trans-cultural_diffusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-cultural diffusion">trans-cultural diffusion</a> of <a href="/wiki/Logograph" class="mw-redirect" title="Logograph">logographic</a> languages, <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coats of arms</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Watermark" title="Watermark">watermarks</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs199858_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs199858-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Silver_hallmarks" title="Silver hallmarks">silver hallmarks</a>, and the development of <a href="/wiki/History_of_printing" title="History of printing">printing technology</a>. </p><p>As the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> converted western societies from <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agrarian</a> to industrial in the 18th and 19th centuries, photography and lithography contributed to the boom of an advertising industry that integrated <a href="/wiki/Typography" title="Typography">typography</a> and imagery together on the page.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998138–159_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998138–159-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simultaneously, typography itself was undergoing a revolution of form and expression that expanded beyond the modest, serif typefaces used in books, to bold, ornamental typefaces used on broadsheet <a href="/wiki/Poster" title="Poster">posters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998126–134_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998126–134-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The arts were expanding in purpose—from expression and decoration of an artistic, storytelling nature, to a differentiation of brands and products that the growing middle classes were consuming. Consultancies and trades-groups in the commercial arts were growing and organizing; by 1890, the US had 700 lithographic printing firms employing more than 8,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998148–155_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998148–155-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artistic credit tended to be assigned to the lithographic company, as opposed to the individual artists who usually performed less important jobs. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BMC_06.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BMC_06.jpg/220px-BMC_06.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BMC_06.jpg/330px-BMC_06.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/BMC_06.jpg/440px-BMC_06.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="202" /></a><figcaption>A coin from early 6th century BC <a href="/wiki/Lydia" title="Lydia">Lydia</a> bearing the head of a roaring lion with sun rays</figcaption></figure> <p>Innovators in the visual arts and lithographic process—such as French printing firm Rouchon in the 1840s, Joseph Morse of New York in the 1850s, Frederick Walker of England in the 1870s, and Jules Chéret of France in the 1870s—developed an illustrative style that went beyond tonal, representational art to figurative imagery with sections of bright, flat colors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998148–155_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998148–155-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Playful children's books, authoritative newspapers, and conversational periodicals developed their own visual and editorial styles for unique, expanding audiences. As printing costs decreased, literacy rates increased, and visual styles changed, the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_decorative_arts" title="Victorian decorative arts">Victorian decorative arts</a> led to an expansion of typographic styles and methods of representing businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998159–161_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998159–161-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bass_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Bass_logo.svg/170px-Bass_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Bass_logo.svg/255px-Bass_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Bass_logo.svg/340px-Bass_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="217" /></a><figcaption>The first logo to be trademarked was the <a href="/wiki/Bass_Brewery" title="Bass Brewery">Bass</a> red triangle in 1876.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Arts_and_Crafts_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Arts and Crafts Movement">Arts and Crafts Movement</a> of late-19th century, partially in response to the excesses of Victorian typography, aimed to restore an honest sense of craftsmanship to the mass-produced goods of the era.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998162–167_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998162–167-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A renewal of interest in craftsmanship and quality also provided the artists and companies with a greater interest in credit, leading to the creation of unique logos and marks. </p><p>By the 1950s, <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">Modernism</a> had shed its roots as an avant-garde artistic movement in Europe to become an international, commercialized movement with adherents in the United States and elsewhere. The visual simplicity and conceptual clarity that were the hallmarks of <a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">Modernism</a> as an artistic movement formed a powerful toolset for a new generation of graphic designers whose logos embodied <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe" title="Ludwig Mies van der Rohe">Ludwig Mies van der Rohe</a>'s dictum, "Less is more." Modernist-inspired logos proved successful in the era of mass visual communication ushered in by television, improvements in printing technology, and digital innovations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contemporary_logos">Contemporary logos</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Croixrouge_logos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Croixrouge_logos.jpg/220px-Croixrouge_logos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Croixrouge_logos.jpg/330px-Croixrouge_logos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Croixrouge_logos.jpg/440px-Croixrouge_logos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Red_Cross_(symbol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Cross (symbol)">Red Cross</a> and <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent_(symbol)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Crescent (symbol)">Red Crescent</a> emblems</figcaption></figure> <p>The current era of logo design began in the 1870s<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> with the first abstract logo, the Bass red triangle. As of 2014<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Logo&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, many corporations, products, brands, services, agencies, and other entities use an ideogram (sign, icon) or an emblem (symbol) or a combination of sign and emblem as a logo. As a result, only a few of the thousands of ideograms in circulation are recognizable without a name. An effective logo may consist of both an ideogram and the company name (logotype) to emphasize the name over the graphic, and employ a unique design via the use of letters, colors, and additional graphic elements. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cocacola_cyrilic.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Cocacola_cyrilic.JPG/170px-Cocacola_cyrilic.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Cocacola_cyrilic.JPG/255px-Cocacola_cyrilic.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Cocacola_cyrilic.JPG/340px-Cocacola_cyrilic.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1652" data-file-height="2715" /></a><figcaption>The Coca-Cola logo is identifiable in other writing-systems, here written in <a href="/wiki/Cyrillic" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyrillic">Cyrillic</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ideograms and symbols may be more effective than written names (logotypes), especially for logos translated into many <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabets</a> in increasingly globalized markets. For instance, a name written in <a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic script</a> might have little resonance in most European markets. By contrast, ideograms keep the general proprietary nature of a product in both markets. In non-profit areas, the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Cross">Red Cross</a> (varied as the <a href="/wiki/Red_Crescent" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Crescent">Red Crescent</a> in Muslim countries and as the <a href="/wiki/Magen_David_Adom" title="Magen David Adom">Red Star of David</a> in Israel) exemplifies a well-known emblem that does not need an accompanying name. The red cross and red crescent are among the best-recognized symbols in the world. National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and their Federation as well as the International Committee of the Red Cross include these symbols in their logos. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">Branding</a> can aim to facilitate cross-language marketing.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Consumers and potential consumers can identify the <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola" title="Coca-Cola">Coca-Cola</a> name written in different alphabets because of the standard color and "ribbon wave" design of its logo. The text was written in <a href="/wiki/Spencerian_Script" class="mw-redirect" title="Spencerian Script">Spencerian Script</a>, which was a popular writing style when the <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola" title="Coca-Cola">Coca-Cola Logo</a> was being designed.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Logo_design">Logo design</h2></div> <p>Since a logo is the visual entity signifying an organization, logo design is an important area of <a href="/wiki/Graphic_design" title="Graphic design">graphic design</a>. A logo is the central element of a complex identification system that must be functionally extended to all communications of an organization. Therefore, the design of logos and their incorporation in a visual identity system is one of the most difficult and important areas of graphic design. Logos fall into three classifications (which can be combined). Ideographs, such as <a href="/wiki/Chase_Bank" title="Chase Bank">Chase Bank</a>, are completely abstract forms; pictographs are iconic, representational designs; logotypes (or wordmarks) depict the name or company initials. These elements can be combined in a set position and relative size in a logo lock-up, so named because elements are "locked" together and should not be broken apart or resized individually.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because logos are meant to represent companies' brands or corporate identities and foster their immediate customer recognition, it is counterproductive to frequently redesign logos. </p><p>The logo design profession has substantially increased in numbers over the years since the rise of the <a href="/wiki/Modernist_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Modernist movement">Modernist movement</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> in the 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998363_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998363-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Three designers are widely<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998369–374_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998369–374-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> considered the pioneers of that movement and of logo and <a href="/wiki/Corporate_identity" title="Corporate identity">corporate identity</a> design: The first is <a href="/wiki/Chermayeff_%26_Geismar" class="mw-redirect" title="Chermayeff & Geismar">Chermayeff & Geismar</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998373–374_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998373–374-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is the firm responsible for many iconic logos, such as <a href="/wiki/Chase_(bank)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chase (bank)">Chase</a> Bank (1964), <a href="/wiki/Mobil_Oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobil Oil">Mobil Oil</a> (1965), <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a> (1984), <a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> (1986), <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic</a> (2003), and others. Due to the simplicity and boldness of their designs, many of their earlier logos are still in use today. The firm recently designed logos for the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> and the fashion brand <a href="/wiki/Armani_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Armani Exchange">Armani Exchange</a>. Another pioneer of corporate identity design is <a href="/wiki/Paul_Rand" title="Paul Rand">Paul Rand</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998369_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998369-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was one of the originators of the Swiss Style of <a href="/wiki/Graphic_design" title="Graphic design">graphic design</a>. He designed many posters and corporate identities, including the famous logos for <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Parcel_Service" title="United Parcel Service">UPS</a>, and <a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>. The third pioneer of corporate identity design is <a href="/wiki/Saul_Bass" title="Saul Bass">Saul Bass</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998375_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMeggs1998375-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bass was responsible for several recognizable logos in North America, including both the Bell Telephone logo (1969) and successor <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Corporation" title="AT&T Corporation">AT&T Corporation</a> globe (1983). Other well-known designs were <a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a> (1968), Dixie (1969), and <a href="/wiki/United_Way_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United Way of America">United Way</a> (1972). Later, he would produce logos for a number of Japanese companies as well. An important development in the documentation of logo design is the study of French trademarks by historian Edith Amiot and philosopher Jean Louis Azizollah.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Logo_color">Logo color</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Personal_logo_-.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Personal_logo_-.jpg/220px-Personal_logo_-.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Personal_logo_-.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="221" data-file-height="148" /></a><figcaption>Red and White - a Personal Logo</figcaption></figure> <p>Color is a key element in logo design and plays an important and potentially vital role in brand differentiation. Colors can have immense consequences on our moods. They are remarkably dominant to the point that they can psychologically manipulate perspectives, emotions, and reactions.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The importance of color in this context is due to the mechanics of human visual perception wherein color and contrast play critical roles in visual detail detection. In addition, we tend to acquire various color connotations and color associations through social and cultural conditioning, and these play a role in how we decipher and evaluate logo color. While color is considered important to brand recognition and logo design, it should not conflict with logo functionality, and it needs to be remembered that color connotations and associations are not consistent across all social and cultural groups. For example, in the United States, red, white, and blue are often used in logos for companies that want to project patriotic feelings but other countries will have different sets of colors that evoke national pride. </p><p>Choosing an organisation's logo color is an important decision because of its long term implications and its role in creating differentiation among competitors' logos. A methodology for identifying potential logo colors within an industry sector is color mapping, whereby existing logo colors are systematically identified, mapped, and evaluated (O'Connor, 2011).<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Logo_design_process">Logo design process</h3></div> <p>Designing a good logo often requires involvement from a marketing team teaming with the graphic design studio. Before a logo is designed, there must be a clear definition of the concept and values of the brand as well as understanding of the consumer or target group. Broad steps in the logo design process include research, conceptualization, investigation of alternative candidates, refinement of a chosen design, testing across products, and finally adoption and production of the chosen mark. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dynamic_logos">Dynamic logos</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:312px;max-width:312px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Michelin_Poster_1898.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Michelin_Poster_1898.jpg/100px-Michelin_Poster_1898.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Michelin_Poster_1898.jpg/150px-Michelin_Poster_1898.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Michelin_Poster_1898.jpg/200px-Michelin_Poster_1898.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2015" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><i>Nunc est bibendum</i> (now is the time to drink), 1898 <a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin">Michelin</a> poster</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Facebook.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Facebook.svg/100px-Facebook.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Facebook.svg/150px-Facebook.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Facebook.svg/200px-Facebook.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="100" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Old <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> logo</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MTV_Logo_2010.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/MTV_Logo_2010.svg/100px-MTV_Logo_2010.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="62" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/MTV_Logo_2010.svg/150px-MTV_Logo_2010.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/MTV_Logo_2010.svg/200px-MTV_Logo_2010.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="618" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a> logo. It has been modified to include images within the black areas from time to time.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>In 1898, the French tire manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Michelin" title="Michelin">Michelin</a> introduced the <a href="/wiki/Michelin_Man" title="Michelin Man">Michelin Man</a>, a cartoon figure presented in many different contexts, such as eating, drinking, and playing sports. By the early 21st century, large corporations such as <a href="/wiki/MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nickelodeon" title="Nickelodeon">Nickelodeon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>, <a href="/wiki/Morton_Salt" title="Morton Salt">Morton Salt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saks_Fifth_Avenue" title="Saks Fifth Avenue">Saks Fifth Avenue</a> had adopted <i>dynamic logos</i> that change over time from setting to setting.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internet-compatible_logos">Internet-compatible logos</h3></div> <p>A company that uses logotypes (wordmarks) may desire a logo that matches the firm's Internet address. For short logotypes consisting of two or three characters, multiple companies are found to employ the same letters. A "CA" logo, for example, is used by the French bank <a href="/wiki/Credit_Agricole" class="mw-redirect" title="Credit Agricole">Credit Agricole</a>, the Dutch clothing retailer <a href="/wiki/C%26A" title="C&A">C&A</a>, and the US software corporation <a href="/wiki/CA_Technologies" title="CA Technologies">CA Technologies</a>, but only one can have the Internet domain name CA.com. </p><p>In today's digital interface adaptive world, a logo will be formatted and re-formatted from large monitors to small handheld devices. With the constant size change and re-formatting, logo designers are shifting to a more bold and simple approach, with heavy lines and shapes, and solid colors. This reduces the confusion when mingled with other logos in tight spaces and when scaled between media. Social networks like <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, <a href="/wiki/LinkedIn" title="LinkedIn">LinkedIn</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Google%2B" title="Google+">Google+</a> use such logos. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mobius_strip_on_van,_Bristol,_England_arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Mobius_strip_on_van%2C_Bristol%2C_England_arp.jpg/220px-Mobius_strip_on_van%2C_Bristol%2C_England_arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Mobius_strip_on_van%2C_Bristol%2C_England_arp.jpg/330px-Mobius_strip_on_van%2C_Bristol%2C_England_arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Mobius_strip_on_van%2C_Bristol%2C_England_arp.jpg/440px-Mobius_strip_on_van%2C_Bristol%2C_England_arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2364" data-file-height="1556" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6bius_strip" title="Möbius strip">Möbius strip</a> used as a logo on a van in <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>, England</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design_protection">Design protection</h2></div> <p>Logos and their design may be protected by copyright, via various <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_Property" class="mw-redirect" title="Intellectual Property">intellectual property</a> organisations worldwide which make available application procedures to register a design to give it protection at law. For example, in the UK, the <a href="/wiki/Intellectual_Property_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="Intellectual Property Office (United Kingdom)">Intellectual Property Office (United Kingdom)</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> govern registered designs, patents, and trademarks. Ordinarily, the trademark registration will not 'make claim' to colors used, meaning it is the visual design that will be protected, even if it is reproduced in a variety of other colors or backgrounds. </p><p>In some countries, especially civil law countries, the <a href="/wiki/Threshold_of_originality" title="Threshold of originality">threshold of originality</a> required for copyright protection can be quite high, so a logo that contains simple geometric shapes or text might not be eligible for copyright protection although it can be protected as a trademark. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2></div> <p>For many teams, a logo or "<a href="/wiki/Crest_(sports)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crest (sports)">crest</a>" is an important way to recognize a team's history and can intimidate opponents. For certain teams, the logo and color scheme are synonymous with the team's players. For example, <a href="/wiki/Manchester_United" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester United">Manchester United</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Maple_Leafs" title="Toronto Maple Leafs">Toronto Maple Leafs</a>, or <a href="/wiki/New_York_Yankees" title="New York Yankees">New York Yankees</a> all have a recognizable logo that can be identified by any fan of the respective sport. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Logos" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Logos">Logos</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Graphic_design" title="Graphic design">Graphic design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heraldry" title="Heraldry">Heraldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icon_(semiotics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Icon (semiotics)">Icon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logogram" title="Logogram">Logogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monogram" title="Monogram">Monogram</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Motif_(art)" class="mw-redirect" title="Motif (art)">motif</a> made by overlapping or combining two or more letters or other <a href="/wiki/Grapheme" title="Grapheme">graphemes</a> to form one symbol</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_(emblem)" title="Seal (emblem)">Seal (emblem)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slogan" title="Slogan">Slogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_trademark" title="Sound trademark">Sound trademark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Style_(design)" title="Swiss Style (design)">Swiss Style (design)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letter_symbolism" title="Letter symbolism">Letter symbolism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Oxford_Dictionaries-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford_Dictionaries_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191218125708/https://www.lexico.com/definition/logo">"logo"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexico.com/definition/logo">the original</a> on 2019-12-18.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=logo&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2Flogo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fyffe, Charles. <i>Basic Copyfitting</i>, Studio Vista, London, 1969, SBN 289797055, p.54.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wheeler_dbi_pg4-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wheeler_dbi_pg4_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wheeler, Alina. <i>Designing Brand Identity</i> © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (page 4) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-74684-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-74684-3">978-0-471-74684-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/word/logo-?ref=etymonline_crossreference">logo-</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221213022604/https://www.etymonline.com/word/logo-?ref=etymonline_crossreference">Archived</a> 2022-12-13 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Online Etymology Dictionary</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herodotus. <i>Histories</i>, I, 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A. Ramage, "Golden Sardis", King Croesus' Gold: Excavations at Sardis and the History of Gold Refining, edited by A. Ramage and P. Craddock, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 2000, p. 18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. A. Stothard, <i>Monumental Effigies of Great Britain</i> (1817) pl. 2, illus. in Wagner, Anthony, Richmond Herald, <i>Heraldry in England</i> (Penguin, 1946), pl. 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Assessing Color-Emotion Pairings in English Speakers"</a>. <i>Frontiers in Psychology</i>. <b>10</b>: 206. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2019.00206">10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00206</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6399154">6399154</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30863330">30863330</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Psychology&rft.atitle=What+Color+is+Your+Anger%3F+Assessing+Color-Emotion+Pairings+in+English+Speakers&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=206&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6399154%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30863330&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2019.00206&rft.aulast=Fugate&rft.aufirst=Jennifer+Marie+Binzak&rft.au=Franco%2C+Courtny+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC6399154&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZena_O'Connor2011" class="citation journal cs1">Zena O'Connor (2011). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Intellectual+Property+Office+%28United+Kingdom%29&rft.pub=UK+Patent+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ipo.gov.uk%2Ftypes%2Ftm.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALogo" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeggs1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Philip_B._Meggs" title="Philip B. Meggs">Meggs, Philip B.</a> (1998). <i>A History of Graphic Design</i> (Third ed.). John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-471-29198-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-471-29198-5"><bdi>978-0-471-29198-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Graphic+Design&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-471-29198-5&rft.aulast=Meggs&rft.aufirst=Philip+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALogo" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/logo" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:logo"><i>logo</i></a> at Wiktionary </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px 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