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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Profesionální_sportovec" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Profesionální_sportovec"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Profesionální sportovec</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Profesionální_sportovec-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Příprava_sportovce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Příprava_sportovce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Příprava sportovce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Příprava_sportovce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zdraví_sportovce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zdraví_sportovce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Zdraví sportovce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zdraví_sportovce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Psychologie_sportovce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Psychologie_sportovce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Psychologie sportovce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Psychologie_sportovce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specializace_sportovce" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specializace_sportovce"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Specializace sportovce</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specializace_sportovce-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sportovec</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 60 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleta" title="Atleta – aragonština" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Atleta" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A" title="رياضي – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رياضي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D9%82%D9%88%D9%89" title="لعيبة العاب قوى – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لعيبة العاب قوى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deportista" title="Deportista – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Deportista" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%8C" title="ایدمانچی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایدمانچی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Атлет – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Атлет" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Атлет – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атлет" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6" title="মল্লক্রীড়াবিদ – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মল্লক্রীড়াবিদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleta" title="Atleta – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Atleta" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%95%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="وەرزشکار – kurdština (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="وەرزشکار" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdština (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlet" title="Atlet – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Atlet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportler" title="Sportler – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sportler" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athlete" title="Athlete – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Athlete" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleto" title="Atleto – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Atleto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleta" title="Atleta – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Atleta" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportlane" title="Sportlane – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sportlane" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleta" title="Atleta – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Atleta" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%B4%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ورزشکار – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ورزشکار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urheilija" title="Urheilija – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Urheilija" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportif" title="Sportif – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sportif" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleta" title="Atleta – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Atleta" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%90%D7%99" title="ספורטאי – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ספורטאי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9F" title="एथलीट – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एथलीट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atl%C3%A8t" title="Atlèt – haitština" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Atlèt" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A9%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%BF" title="Աթլետ – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աթլետ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlet" title="Atlet – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Atlet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleto" title="Atleto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Atleto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleta" title="Atleta – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Atleta" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88" title="アスリート – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アスリート" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%81" title="ಕ್ರೀಡಾಪಟು – kannadština" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕ್ರೀಡಾಪಟು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%A0%EC%88%98" title="선수 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="선수" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Werzi%C5%9Fvan" title="Werzişvan – kurdština" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Werzişvan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%87%D1%83" title="Спортчу – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Спортчу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athleta" title="Athleta – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Athleta" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosani_(lisan%C9%94)" title="Mosani (lisanɔ) – lingalština" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mosani (lisanɔ)" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportininkas" title="Sportininkas – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sportininkas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlet" title="Atlet – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Atlet" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporter" title="Sporter – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sporter" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlet" title="Atlet – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Atlet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportowiec" title="Sportowiec – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sportowiec" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleta" title="Atleta – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Atleta" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportiv" title="Sportiv – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sportiv" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Спортиста – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Спортиста" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Атлет – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Атлет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportsperson" title="Sportsperson – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sportsperson" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0portovec" title="Športovec – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Športovec" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0portnik" title="Športnik – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Športnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Атлета – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Атлета" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlet" title="Atlet – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Atlet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mwanamichezo" title="Mwanamichezo – svahilština" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mwanamichezo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="மெய்வல்லுநர் – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெய்வல்லுநர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AC%E0%B8%B2" title="นักกีฬา – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นักกีฬา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporcu" title="Sporcu – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sporcu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Атлет – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Атлет" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlet" title="Atlet – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Atlet" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atleta" title="Atleta – benátština" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Atleta" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="benátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BA%ADn_%C4%91%E1%BB%99ng_vi%C3%AAn" title="Vận động viên – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vận động viên" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%91%98" title="运动员 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="运动员" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8%E5%91%98" title="运动员 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="运动员" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E5%93%A1" title="運動員 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="運動員" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2066131#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sportovec" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuse:Sportovec" rel="discussion" title="Diskuse ke stránce [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sportovec"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akce </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sportovec"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=history"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Obecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/Sportovec" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/Sportovec" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_str%C3%A1nky" title="Seznam všech speciálních stránek [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciální stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&oldid=24134494" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=info" title="Více informací o této stránce"><span>Informace o stránce</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Citovat&page=Sportovec&id=24134494&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informace o tom, jak citovat tuto stránku"><span>Citovat stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSportovec"><span>Získat zkrácené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSportovec"><span>Stáhnout QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tisk/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Kniha&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Sportovec"><span>Vytvořit knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:DownloadAsPdf&page=Sportovec&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stáhnout jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&printable=yes" title="Tato stránka v podobě vhodné k tisku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verze k tisku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na jiných projektech </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sports_competitors" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikinews.org/wiki/Kategorie:Sportovci" hreflang="cs"><span>Wikizprávy</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2066131" title="Odkaz na propojenou položku datového úložiště [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Youth-soccer-indiana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Youth-soccer-indiana.jpg/220px-Youth-soccer-indiana.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Youth-soccer-indiana.jpg/330px-Youth-soccer-indiana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Youth-soccer-indiana.jpg/440px-Youth-soccer-indiana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1419" /></a><figcaption>V dětském věku hraje <a href="/wiki/Fotbal" title="Fotbal">fotbal</a> velká spousta chlapců, jen málokteří to ale dotáhnou k profesionální kariéře</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Sportovec</b> je člověk, který se věnuje <a href="/wiki/Sport" title="Sport">sportu</a>. Běžně se tak ale označují ti, kteří se věnují sportu pro radost. Toto slovo je však běžně využíváno jako označení vrcholových sportovců. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Profesionální_sportovec"><span id="Profesion.C3.A1ln.C3.AD_sportovec"></span>Profesionální sportovec</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Profesionální sportovec" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Profesionální sportovec"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ne všichni vrcholoví sportovci jsou placení <a href="/wiki/Profesion%C3%A1l" title="Profesionál">profesionálové</a>. Povolání sportovce je jedním z nejprestižnějších v moderní společnosti.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Přestože ve většině <a href="/wiki/Olympijsk%C3%A9_hry" title="Olympijské hry">olympijských</a> sportů je nyní světová špička profesionalizovaná, jen v některých sportech je možné najít skutečnou obživu, v některých je profesionální kariéra aktivního sportovce doprovázena více či méně reálnou další činností (sportovního instruktora, trenéra atd.). Rozdíl mezi zajištěním např. vrcholového fotbalisty a zástupce malých sportů je obrovský. 25 nejlépe placených sportovců světa vydělalo v roce <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a> dohromady 700 milionů <a href="/wiki/Americk%C3%BD_dolar" title="Americký dolar">dolarů</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kariéra profesionálního sportovce je u různých sportů různě dlouhá. Do vysokého věku lze provozovat na špičkové úrovni např. <a href="/wiki/Sportovn%C3%AD_st%C5%99elba" title="Sportovní střelba">sportovní střelbu</a>, na opačném pólu je např. <a href="/wiki/Modern%C3%AD_gymnastika" title="Moderní gymnastika">moderní gymnastika</a>. Ve většině sportů však bývá horní hranice mezi 30 a 40 lety. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Příprava_sportovce"><span id="P.C5.99.C3.ADprava_sportovce"></span>Příprava sportovce</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Příprava sportovce" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Příprava sportovce"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>O přípravu sportovců se nyní starají celé týmy odborníků. Zatímco pro kariéru profesionálního sportovce obvykle nebývá třeba jinou kvalifikaci než odpovídající výkonnost, trenéři většinou musejí absolvovat příslušné vzdělání, organizované v rámci vzdělávacího systému veřejných <a href="/wiki/Vysok%C3%A1_%C5%A1kola" title="Vysoká škola">vysokých škol</a> nebo péčí příslušných <a href="/wiki/Sportovn%C3%AD_svaz" title="Sportovní svaz">sportovních svazů</a>. </p><p>Příprava profesionálního sportovce sestává nejen ze <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A9nink" title="Trénink">sportovního tréninku</a>, ale také z nezbytné <a href="/wiki/Regenerace" title="Regenerace">regenerace</a> a <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9%C4%8Debn%C3%A1_rehabilitace" class="mw-redirect" title="Léčebná rehabilitace">rehabilitace</a>, psychologické přípravy a probíhá pod nezbytným odborným dohledem. U vrcholových sportovců běžně zabírá několik hodin denně i v případě, že nejde o profesionály. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zdraví_sportovce"><span id="Zdrav.C3.AD_sportovce"></span>Zdraví sportovce</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Zdraví sportovce" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Zdraví sportovce"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aktivní sportovci jsou předmětem studia mnoha vědeckých institucí. Zájem je nejen o <a href="/wiki/Sociologie" title="Sociologie">sociologii</a> nebo <a href="/wiki/Psychologie" title="Psychologie">psychologii</a> sportovce, ale hlavně o jeho <a href="/wiki/Zdrav%C3%AD" title="Zdraví">zdraví</a>. Vrcholový sport přináší s sebou mnohá zdravotní rizika, související s intenzivním a mnohdy jednostranným <a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A9nink" title="Trénink">tréninkem</a> či enormním zatížením v soutěži. Nijak novým, ale nyní velmi intenzivně vnímaným problémem je <a href="/wiki/Doping" title="Doping">doping</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Psychologie_sportovce">Psychologie sportovce</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Psychologie sportovce" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Psychologie sportovce"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kariéra vrcholového sportovce přináší opakovanou velkou psychickou zátěž. Je prokázáno, že špičkových sportovních výsledků mohou dosáhnout pouze sportovci nejen s tělesnými, ale také s psychickými předpoklady. Mimo jiné i popisům psychologických profilů se věnují sportovní psychologové.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specializace_sportovce">Specializace sportovce</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Specializace sportovce" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Specializace sportovce"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Charakteristickým jevem současné doby je specializace vrcholových sportovců. V počátcích historie moderního sportu ale nebyla výjimkou sportovní všestrannost. Jejími příklady jsou například <a href="/wiki/Sportovn%C3%AD_%C5%A1erm" title="Sportovní šerm">šermíř</a> a <a href="/wiki/Pozemn%C3%AD_hokej" title="Pozemní hokej">pozemní hokejista</a> de Montigny, <a href="/wiki/Plav%C3%A1n%C3%AD" title="Plavání">plavec</a> a <a href="/wiki/Vodn%C3%AD_p%C3%B3lo" title="Vodní pólo">vodní pólista</a> <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Weissmuller" class="mw-redirect" title="Johnny Weissmuller">Johnny Weissmuller</a> a mnozí další, v Česku první sportovní nadšenec <a href="/wiki/Josef_R%C3%B6ssler-O%C5%99ovsk%C3%BD" title="Josef Rössler-Ořovský">Josef Rössler-Ořovský</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Drobn%C3%BD_(tenista)" title="Jaroslav Drobný (tenista)">Jaroslav Drobný</a> nebo <a href="/wiki/Karel_Pe%C5%A1ek" title="Karel Pešek">Karel "Káďa" Pešek</a>. V moderní době dosáhli podobných úspěchů například německá <a href="/wiki/Rychlobruslen%C3%AD" title="Rychlobruslení">rychlobruslařka</a> a <a href="/wiki/Cyklistika" title="Cyklistika">cyklistka</a> <a href="/wiki/Christa_Ludingov%C3%A1" title="Christa Ludingová">Christa Ludingová-Rothenburgerová</a>, na <a href="/wiki/Horsk%C3%A9_kolo" title="Horské kolo">horském kole</a> závodila na olympijských hrách také <a href="/wiki/B%C4%9Bh_na_ly%C5%BE%C3%ADch" title="Běh na lyžích">lyžařka</a> <a href="/wiki/Kate%C5%99ina_Neumannov%C3%A1" title="Kateřina Neumannová">Kateřina Neumannová</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reference">Reference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120106203930/http://www.cvvm.cas.cz/upl/zpravy/100431s_eu50103.pdf">Prestiž povolání</a>, tisková zpráva o šetření <a href="/wiki/Centrum_pro_v%C3%BDzkum_ve%C5%99ejn%C3%A9ho_m%C3%ADn%C4%9Bn%C3%AD" title="Centrum pro výzkum veřejného mínění">Centra pro výzkum veřejného mínění</a> z roku 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081010131512/http://www.forbes.com/business/2006/03/22/woods-sharapova-nike_cx_lr_0322athletes_2.html">Seznam nejbohatších sportovců r. 2006</a> podle časopisu <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">např. Bernhardt, G.: The stuff of champions. Triathlete, USA, 1997, č. 164, s. 56 - 57.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sportovec&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sportspeople" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Sportspeople">sportovec</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sportovci.cz">Český server Sportovci.cz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010612150423/http://www.sportovci.cz/">Archivováno</a> 12. 6. 2001 na <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>., který se zabývá vytvářením databáze sportovců</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exploratorium.edu/sports/sports_links.html">Vybraná bibliografie</a> článků sportovní vědy – anglicky</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=PureSearch&db=journals&details_term=Sports%20Medicine%5Bst%5D">Seznam časopisů o sportovní medicíně</a> – anglicky</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://psych.athabascau.ca/html/aupr/sport.shtml">Seznam časopisů o sportovní psychologii</a> – anglicky</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output 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