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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logg inn</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fleire val" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personlege verktøy" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personlege verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Brukarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_nn.wikipedia.org&uselang=nn"><span>Gåver</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Spanskesjuka" title="Me oppfordrar til at du oppretter ein konto og loggar inn, men det er ikkje påkravd."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Opprett konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Spanskesjuka" title="Det er ikkje obligatorisk å logga inn, men medfører mange fordelar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logg inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sider for utlogga bidragsytarar <a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Introduksjon" aria-label="Lær meir om redigering"><span>lær meir</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bidraga_mine" title="Liste over endringar gjorde frå denne IP-adressa [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Diskusjonssida_mi" title="Diskusjon om endringar gjorde av denne ip-adressa [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettstad"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhald" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhald</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gøym</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Byrjinga</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Spanskesjuka_i_Noreg" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanskesjuka_i_Noreg"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Spanskesjuka i Noreg</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Spanskesjuka_i_Noreg-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Spanskesjuka i Noreg</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Spanskesjuka_i_Noreg-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Spanskesjuka_i_Bergen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanskesjuka_i_Bergen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Spanskesjuka i Bergen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanskesjuka_i_Bergen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Forvitnelege_fakta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Forvitnelege_fakta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Forvitnelege fakta</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Forvitnelege_fakta-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Forvitnelege fakta</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Forvitnelege_fakta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eksperimentet_på_Deer_Island" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksperimentet_på_Deer_Island"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Eksperimentet på Deer Island</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksperimentet_på_Deer_Island-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referansar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referansar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referansar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referansar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bakgrunnsstoff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bakgrunnsstoff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bakgrunnsstoff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhald" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innhaldslista" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innhaldslista</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Spanskesjuka</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til ein artikkel på eit anna språk. Tilgjengeleg på 94 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-94" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">94 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanskesyken" title="Spanskesyken – norsk bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Spanskesyken" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norsk bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanska_sjukan" title="Spanska sjukan – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Spanska sjukan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_spanske_syge" title="Den spanske syge – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Den spanske syge" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaanse_griep_in_Suid-Afrika" title="Spaanse griep in Suid-Afrika – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Spaanse griep in Suid-Afrika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanische_Grippe" title="Spanische Grippe – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Spanische Grippe" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espanjatavd%C3%A2" title="Espanjatavdâ – enaresamisk" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Espanjatavdâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الإنفلونزا الإسبانية – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الإنفلونزا الإسبانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%BF%D6%80%D5%AB%D6%83" title="Սպանական Կրիփ – vestarmensk" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սպանական Կրիփ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="vestarmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe_espa%C3%B1ol" title="Gripe español – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Gripe español" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikkel"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0span_qripi" title="İspan qripi – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İspan qripi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81" title="স্প্যানিশ ফ্লু – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="স্প্যানিশ ফ্লু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Se-pan-g%C3%A2_li%C3%BB-k%C3%A1m" title="Se-pan-gâ liû-kám – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Se-pan-gâ liû-kám" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF" title="Іспанскі грып – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іспанскі грып" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF" title="Гішпанскі грып – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гішпанскі грып" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Испански грип – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Испански грип" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0panska_groznica" title="Španska groznica – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Španska groznica" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pand%C3%A8mia_de_grip_de_1918" title="Pandèmia de grip de 1918 – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pandèmia de grip de 1918" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0pan%C4%9Blsk%C3%A1_ch%C5%99ipka" title="Španělská chřipka – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Španělská chřipka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemig_ffliw_1918" title="Pandemig ffliw 1918 – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pandemig ffliw 1918" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="betre artikkel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanische_Grippe" title="Spanische Grippe – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Spanische Grippe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispaania_gripp" title="Hispaania gripp – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hispaania gripp" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%80%CE%B7" title="Ισπανική γρίπη – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισπανική γρίπη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="betre artikkel"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_flu" title="Spanish flu – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Spanish flu" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia_de_gripe_de_1918" title="Pandemia de gripe de 1918 – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pandemia de gripe de 1918" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hispana_gripo" title="Hispana gripo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hispana gripo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espainiako_gripea" title="Espainiako gripea – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Espainiako gripea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="آنفلوانزای اسپانیایی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنفلوانزای اسپانیایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grippe_espagnole" title="Grippe espagnole – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Grippe espagnole" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="betre artikkel"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaanske_gryp" title="Spaanske gryp – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Spaanske gryp" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fli%C3%BA_Sp%C3%A1inneach" title="Fliú Spáinneach – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fliú Spáinneach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe_de_1918" title="Gripe de 1918 – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gripe de 1918" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B6_%E0%AA%AB%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%82" title="સ્પેનિશ ફ્લૂ – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સ્પેનિશ ફ્લૂ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AE-p%C3%A2n-ng%C3%A0_li%C3%B9-k%C3%A1m" title="Sî-pân-ngà liù-kám – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sî-pân-ngà liù-kám" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%B8_%EB%8F%85%EA%B0%90" title="스페인 독감 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스페인 독감" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BA" title="Իսպանական գրիպ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսպանական գրիպ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82" title="स्पेनी फ्लू – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्पेनी फ्लू" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0panjolska_gripa" title="Španjolska gripa – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Španjolska gripa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flu_Spanyol" title="Flu Spanyol – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Flu Spanyol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C3%A6nska_veikin" title="Spænska veikin – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Spænska veikin" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_spagnola" title="Influenza spagnola – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Influenza spagnola" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%99%D7%AA" title="השפעת הספרדית – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="השפעת הספרדית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mlipuko_wa_homa_ya_mafua_wa_1918" title="Mlipuko wa homa ya mafua wa 1918 – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mlipuko wa homa ya mafua wa 1918" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsima_spanyol%C3%AE" title="Arsima spanyolî – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Arsima spanyolî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%84%E0%BA%82%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%AB%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%83%E0%BA%AB%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B0%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%9B%E0%BA%99" title="ໄຂ້ຫວັດໃຫ່ຍສະເປນ – laotisk" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ໄຂ້ຫວັດໃຫ່ຍສະເປນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laotisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influentia_Hispanica" title="Influentia Hispanica – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Influentia Hispanica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sp%C4%81%C5%86u_gripa" title="Spāņu gripa – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Spāņu gripa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ispani%C5%A1kasis_gripas" title="Ispaniškasis gripas – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ispaniškasis gripas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freve_spagnolla" title="Freve spagnolla – ligurisk" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Freve spagnolla" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gil%C3%ADpi_ya_Espania" title="Gilípi ya Espania – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Gilípi ya Espania" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemica_de_gripe_de_1918" title="Pandemica de gripe de 1918 – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Pandemica de gripe de 1918" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="god artikkel"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_spagnoeula" title="Influenza spagnoeula – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Influenza spagnoeula" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanyoln%C3%A1tha" title="Spanyolnátha – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Spanyolnátha" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81" title="स्पेनिस फ्लु – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="स्पेनिस फ्लु" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الانفلونزا الاسبانيه – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الانفلونزا الاسبانيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemik_selesema_1918" title="Pandemik selesema 1918 – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pandemik selesema 1918" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%83%CC%A4-b%C4%83ng-ng%C3%A0_li%C3%B9-g%C4%81ng" title="Să̤-băng-ngà liù-gāng – mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Să̤-băng-ngà liù-gāng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%89%E1%81%81%E1%81%88_%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%80%E1%80%99%E1%80%B9%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="၁၉၁၈ တုပ်ကွေး ကမ္ဘာကပ် – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၉၁၈ တုပ်ကွေး ကမ္ဘာကပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaanse_griep" title="Spaanse griep – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Spaanse griep" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%81%8B%E3%81%9C" title="スペインかぜ – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スペインかぜ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaans_Grip" title="Spaans Grip – nordfrisisk" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Spaans Grip" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripa_espanh%C3%B2la" title="Gripa espanhòla – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gripa espanhòla" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ispan_grippi" title="Ispan grippi – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ispan grippi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%82" title="ਸਪੇਨੀ ਫਲੂ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਪੇਨੀ ਫਲੂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88" title="ہسپانوی فلو – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہسپانوی فلو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8D_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7" title="هسپانوۍ انفلونزا – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="هسپانوۍ انفلونزا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemia_grypy_hiszpanki" title="Pandemia grypy hiszpanki – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Pandemia grypy hiszpanki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="betre artikkel"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe_espanhola" title="Gripe espanhola – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gripe espanhola" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grip%C4%83_spaniol%C4%83" title="Gripă spaniolă – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gripă spaniolă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Испанский грипп – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Испанский грипп" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influ%C3%A8ntzia_ispagnola" title="Influèntzia ispagnola – sardinsk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Influèntzia ispagnola" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spainish_flu" title="Spainish flu – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Spainish flu" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripi_spanjoll" title="Gripi spanjoll – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gripi spanjoll" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_flu" title="Spanish flu – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="Spanish flu" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_pandemic_of_1918" title="Influenza pandemic of 1918 – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Influenza pandemic of 1918" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0panielska_chr%C3%ADpka" title="Španielska chrípka – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Španielska chrípka" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0panska_gripa" title="Španska gripa – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Španska gripa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D9%81%D9%84%DB%86%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ئەنفلۆنزای ئیسپانی – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەنفلۆنزای ئیسپانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Шпанска грозница – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шпанска грозница" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0panska_groznica" title="Španska groznica – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Španska groznica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espanjantauti" title="Espanjantauti – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Espanjantauti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandemyang_trangkaso_ng_1918" title="Pandemyang trangkaso ng 1918 – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pandemyang trangkaso ng 1918" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1918_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="1918 இன்ஃபுளுவென்சா தொற்றுப்பரவல் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1918 இன்ஃபுளுவென்சா தொற்றுப்பரவல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B7%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%82" title="స్పానిష్ ఫ్లూ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="స్పానిష్ ఫ్లూ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%99" title="ไข้หวัดใหญ่สเปน – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไข้หวัดใหญ่สเปน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ts%C3%A9x-h%C3%A1enaots%C3%A9stove" title="Tséx-háenaotséstove – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Tséx-háenaotséstove" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0spanyol_gribi" title="İspanyol gribi – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İspanyol gribi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF" title="Испан грипп – tuvinisk" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Испан грипп" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuvinisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF" title="Іспанський грип – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Іспанський грип" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D9%88" title="ہسپانوی فلو – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہسپانوی فلو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_d%E1%BB%8Bch_c%C3%BAm_T%C3%A2y_Ban_Nha_1918" title="Đại dịch cúm Tây Ban Nha 1918 – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đại dịch cúm Tây Ban Nha 1918" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gripe_espagnole" title="Gripe espagnole – vallonsk" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Gripe espagnole" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1918%E5%B9%B4%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C" title="1918年流感大流行 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1918年流感大流行" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F" title="西班牙流感 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="西班牙流感" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1918%E5%B9%B4%E6%B5%81%E6%84%9F%E5%A4%A7%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C" title="1918年流感大流行 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="1918年流感大流行" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q178275#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Endra mellomspråklege lenkjer" class="wbc-editpage">Endra lenkjer</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Frå Wikipedia – det frie oppslagsverket</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nn" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:1918_flu_in_Oakland.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/1918_flu_in_Oakland.jpg/220px-1918_flu_in_Oakland.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/1918_flu_in_Oakland.jpg/330px-1918_flu_in_Oakland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/1918_flu_in_Oakland.jpg/440px-1918_flu_in_Oakland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4825" /></a><figcaption>Mellombels sjukehus for pasientar med spanskesjuke i Oakland i California i 1918.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Spanskesjuka</b>, eller <b>spanskesykja</b>, var ein verdsfemnande <a href="/wiki/Influensa" title="Influensa">influensaepidemi</a> som truleg tok livet av minst 30 millionar menneske i åra <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a>–<a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">19</a>. Ei siste influensabølgje vinteren 1920 vert gjerne au rekna til spanskesjuka. </p><p>Spanskesjuka starta truleg i ein militærleir i <a href="/wiki/Kansas" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> i <a href="/wiki/USA" title="USA">USA</a> våren 1918. Dette var under <a href="/wiki/Den_fyrste_verdskrigen" title="Den fyrste verdskrigen">den første verdskrigen</a>, og epidemien vart ført vidare til <a href="/wiki/Frankrike" title="Frankrike">Frankrike</a> og <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> med amerikanske <a href="/wiki/Soldat" title="Soldat">soldatar</a>. Deretter var det <a href="/wiki/Spania" title="Spania">Spania</a> sin tur. Influensaepidemien enda som kjent opp med å verte kalla «spanskesjuka». Dette har samanheng med Spania sin nøytralitet under den fyrste verdskrigen - mangelen på pressesensur gjorde at dei var det fyrste landet som publiserte nyheiter om epidemien. Då <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> vart ramma av den same sjukdommen som nabolandet, kalla dei han for «spanskesjuka», og dette vart namnet epidemien gjekk under både i samtida og ettertida. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spanskesjuka_i_Noreg">Spanskesjuka i Noreg</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Endre bolk: Spanskesjuka i Noreg" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Spanskesjuka i Noreg"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det har vorte estimert at 1,2 millionar <a href="/wiki/Nordmenn" title="Nordmenn">nordmenn</a> vart smitta. Av desse er det grunnlag for å tru at ca. 15 000 døydde. Dødstala var høgast blant <a href="/wiki/Samar" title="Samar">samar</a>, truleg grunna av manglande immunitet frå tidlegare <a href="/wiki/Pandemi" title="Pandemi">pandemiar</a>. Spanskesjuka greip om seg i tre bølgjer; sumaren 1918, hausten 1918 og vinteren 1918/1919. Det har vore litt usemje om korleis spanskesjuka kom til Noreg, og om kva del av landet som først vart råka. Både <a href="/wiki/Kristiania" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristiania">Kristiania</a> og <a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a> har vore peika ut som utgangspunkt. Truleg var det Kristiania som var utgangspunktet for spreiinga av spanskesjuka i Noreg. Dei fyrste sjukdomsstilfella oppstod i Kristiania 15. juni 1918, truleg etter smitteimport frå <a href="/wiki/Skottland" title="Skottland">Skottland</a>, medan det i Bergen ikkje vart rapportert om tilfelle før i slutten av juni. Dette vart starten på «sumarepidemien», eit relativt mildt åtak. Den andre sjukdomsbølgja, «haustepidemien», starta i september-oktober og kulminerte i november-desember. Dette var det mest alvorlege åtaket med dei høgaste dødstala. Ei ny bølgje; «vinterepidemien» løyste av haustepidemien i desember og varte utover våren 1919. Spanskesjuka vart spreidd utover heile landet med kommunikasjonsmiddel som jernbane og båttrafikk. I Sør-Noreg var jernbanen sentral for smittespreiing, mens <a href="/wiki/Hurtigruten" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurtigruten">Hurtigruten</a> var ein viktig spreiingsagent i Nord-Noreg. I hovudsak var det slik at byar og større tettstader fekk sjukdommen fyrst, fordi kommunikasjonsmiddel gjorde desse mest eksponert for smitte. Epidemien vart spreidd derfrå til mindre stader.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanskesjuka_i_Bergen">Spanskesjuka i Bergen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Endre bolk: Spanskesjuka i Bergen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Spanskesjuka i Bergen"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I Bergen kom dei fyrste tilfella i starten av juli 1918, etter at <i><a href="/wiki/Bergens_Tidende" title="Bergens Tidende">Bergens Tidende</a></i> 26.juni hadde meldt at det var brote ut influensa blant tyske troppar på <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vestfronten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vestfronten (sida finst ikkje)">Vestfronten</a>. Hausten 1918 meldte avisa at det var mangel på likkister i <a href="/wiki/Trondheim" title="Trondheim">Trondheim</a>, og at butikkane i <a href="/wiki/Kristiansund" title="Kristiansund">Kristiansund</a> var tome for likklede. Mot slutten av september 1918 var spanskesjuka tilbake i Bergen. Spaltevis med dødsannonsar gjorde det naudsynt for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sundhetsvesenet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sundhetsvesenet (sida finst ikkje)">Sundhetsvesenet</a> å oppmode folk om ikkje å få panikk. </p><p>Der alle samlingsplassar vart stengde andre stader i Europa for å hindre smitte, meinte bergenske helsestyresmakter at spanskesjuka ikkje let seg førebyggje. Tvert om meinte einskilde at slike tiltak kunne forskuve epidemien til ei kaldare årstid med påfølgjande større risiko for komplikasjonar og død, og når skulane vart stengde i periodar, skuldast det rett og slett at lærarane låg sjuke. I staden vart det satsa på betra reinhald på skular, serveringsstader og andre offentlege stader. På <a href="/wiki/Trikk" class="mw-redirect" title="Trikk">trikkane</a> vart eigne kontrollørar sette til å hindre spytting. Ein plakat heldt fram at «Den, der spytter overalt, staar paa samme stadium som hunden, som farer bortom hver væg.» At nordmenn då var meir vane med smittsame, døyelege sjukdommar enn i dag, går fram av <i>Bergens Tidende</i> som ikkje eingong nemnte spanskesjuka i årskavalkadane sine for 1918 og 1919. Dr <a href="/w/index.php?title=Birger_%C3%98verland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Birger Øverland (sida finst ikkje)">Birger Øverland</a> fortalde at han sjølv i epidemiens siste månader ofte vart spurd om sjukdommen eigentleg var smittsam. </p><p>Tredje runde følgde i årsskiftet 1918/19. No vart <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loddefjord&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loddefjord (sida finst ikkje)">Loddefjord</a>-området vest i Bergen hardast ramma. Dei overfylte sjukehusa frykta no at dei kunne verte tvinga til å avvise sjuke. Den siste og fjerde runden kom ut på nyåret og var mykje svakare. <i>Bergens Tidende</i> brakte råd frå tidas medisinske ekspertise: Det vart råda til reinsemd og å unngå menneskemengder - ikkje minst mjølkekøar og køar ved rasjoneringskontora. Ein lurte også på om telefonrøyr kunne føre over smitte, og om <a href="/wiki/Kvikks%C3%B8lv" title="Kvikksølv">kvikksølvhaldig</a> salve i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasebore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasebore (sida finst ikkje)">nasebora</a> kunne verne mot smitte. Det vart råda til innanding av <a href="/wiki/Tj%C3%A6re" class="mw-redirect" title="Tjære">tjære</a>; ein kunne stikke ein glødande strikkepinne i ein kopp tjære for å puste inn røyken. </p><p>Dette var under <a href="/wiki/Forbodstida" title="Forbodstida">forbodstida</a>, og somme mistenkte at den store dødelegheita rett og slett kom av bruk av alkohol som medisin. Andre understreka kor viktig det var med ein kur pasientane hadde trua på – og det hadde dei til alkohol. Dr. Falkenberg skreiv ut så mange som 8 895 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Resept&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Resept (sida finst ikkje)">reseptar</a> på <a href="/wiki/Konjakk" title="Konjakk">konjakk</a> og vart stilt for retten på grunn av dette. (Han vart frikjend.) Dr <a href="/w/index.php?title=C._Engelbreth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C. Engelbreth (sida finst ikkje)">C. Engelbreth</a> mente at sjukdommen smitta via <a href="/w/index.php?title=Loppestikk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Loppestikk (sida finst ikkje)">loppestikk</a>, medan andre mistenkte at alle <a href="/wiki/Gass" title="Gass">gassane</a> som hadde vore brukt under verdskrigen hadde forgifta lufta sjølv i Noreg, som låg langt unna fronten, og nedsette motstandskrafta til lungene.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Forvitnelege_fakta">Forvitnelege fakta</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Endre bolk: Forvitnelege fakta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Forvitnelege fakta"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eksperimentet_på_Deer_Island"><span id="Eksperimentet_p.C3.A5_Deer_Island"></span>Eksperimentet på Deer Island</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Endre bolk: Eksperimentet på Deer Island" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksperimentet på Deer Island"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spanskesjuka herja hardt i Sambandsstatane. I ein freistnad på å utvikla ein vaksine, utførte amerikanske styresmakter medisinske eksperiment på friviljuge i eit militærfengsel på Deer Island i Boston Harbor. Fangane vart lovde fridom dersom dei overlevde dei ekstreme testane. </p><p>Først vart fangane injiserte med <a href="/wiki/Cellevev" title="Cellevev">vev</a> tatt frå dei som hadde døydd av spanskesjuka. Deretter vart dei spraya i augo, nasen og munnen med smittestoff. Viss dei likevel ikkje vart sjuke, fekk dei svelget innsmurd med <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sekret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sekret (sida finst ikkje)">sekret</a> frå dei sjuke og døyande. Dei som trass dette framleis var oppegåande, måtte sitja med open munn medan ein alvorleg sjuk pasient vart støtta opp og tvinga til å hosta dei i andletet. </p><p>Utruleg nok var det 300 menn som melde seg friviljug til dette eksperimentet. Lækjarane valde ut 62 av desse til å gjennomgå testane. Ingen av deltakarane vart sjuke – ikkje éin. Den einaste i fengselet som vart smitta med influensaen, var fengselslækjaren, som raskt døydde. Forklaringa på dette er truleg at <a href="/wiki/Virus" title="Virus">viruset</a> hadde herja i fengselet eit par veker tidlegare, og alle deltakarane i eksperimentet var fangar som hadde overlevd utbrotet og var <a href="/w/index.php?title=Uspesifikt_immunforsvar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uspesifikt immunforsvar (sida finst ikkje)">naturleg immune</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referansar">Referansar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Endre bolk: Referansar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referansar"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.researchgate.net/publication/41758316_Diffusjon_av_influensa_i_Norge_under_spanskesyken_1918-19/file/79e4150d36cd2713d7.pdf">http://www.researchgate.net/publication/41758316_Diffusjon_av_influensa_i_Norge_under_spanskesyken_1918-19/file/79e4150d36cd2713d7.pdf</a> Svenn-Erik Mamelund: "Diffusjon av influensa i Norge under spanskesyken 1918-19"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dr Cecilie Bredrup: «Da spanskesyken kom til Bergen», kronikk i <i>Bergens Tidende</i> 30.april 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bill Bryson: <i>En kort historie om nesten alt</i>, forlaget Gyldendal, Oslo 2005, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkjelder/8205333912" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 82-05-33391-2</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bakgrunnsstoff">Bakgrunnsstoff</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Endre bolk: Bakgrunnsstoff" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>endre</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanskesjuka&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Bakgrunnsstoff"><span>endre wikiteksten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interbox"> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> har multimedium som gjeld: <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Spanish_flu" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Spanish flu">Spanskesjuka</a></b> </div></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nrk.no/viten/xl/hedmans-siste-sommer-1.13947424">Hedmans siste sommer</a>. Artikkel om spanskesjuka ved NRK.no<div class="spire" style="clear: both;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:P_medicine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spire"><img alt="Spire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/P_medicine.svg/20px-P_medicine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/P_medicine.svg/30px-P_medicine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/P_medicine.svg/40px-P_medicine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> Denne <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Medisinspirer" title="Kategori:Medisinspirer">medisinartikkelen</a> er ei <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Spire" title="Wikipedia:Spire">spire</a></b>. 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