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mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umifenovir" title="Umifenovir – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Umifenovir" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umifenovir" title="Umifenovir – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Umifenovir" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umifenovir" title="Umifenovir – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Umifenovir" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%81%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="اومیفنوویر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اومیفنوویر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umif%C3%A9novir" title="Umifénovir – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Umifénovir" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umifenovir" title="Umifenovir – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Umifenovir" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%9F%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%8E%E3%83%93%E3%83%AB" title="ウミフェノビル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウミフェノビル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umifenovir" title="Umifenovir – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Umifenovir" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umifenovir" title="Umifenovir – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Umifenovir" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Умифеновир – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Умифеновир" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbidol" title="Arbidol – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Arbidol" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbidol" title="Arbidol – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Arbidol" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Арбідол – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арбідол" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umifenovir" title="Umifenovir – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Umifenovir" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%90%E9%85%B8%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%94%E6%9C%B5%E5%B0%94" title="盐酸阿比朵尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="盐酸阿比朵尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>. <small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Umifenovir%22">"Umifenovir"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Umifenovir%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Umifenovir%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Umifenovir%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Umifenovir%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Umifenovir%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Star_of_life.svg/52px-Star_of_life.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Star_of_life.svg/77px-Star_of_life.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Star_of_life.svg/103px-Star_of_life.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="192" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Pharmaceutical compound</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:2px;"><caption class="infobox-title"><span title="International nonproprietary name (INN): Umifenovir">Umifenovir</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arbidol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Arbidol.svg/200px-Arbidol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Arbidol.svg/300px-Arbidol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Arbidol.svg/400px-Arbidol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="296" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image notheme" style="background-color: #f8f9fa;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Umifenovir_ball-and-stick_model.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Umifenovir_ball-and-stick_model.png/200px-Umifenovir_ball-and-stick_model.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Umifenovir_ball-and-stick_model.png/300px-Umifenovir_ball-and-stick_model.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Umifenovir_ball-and-stick_model.png/400px-Umifenovir_ball-and-stick_model.png 2x" data-file-width="1796" data-file-height="1110" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Clinical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Drug_nomenclature#Trade_names" title="Drug nomenclature">Trade names</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Arbidol</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">AR-1I9514, <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Арбидол</span>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">阿比朵尔</span>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Pregnancy_category" title="Pregnancy category">Pregnancy<br />category</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>C</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Route_of_administration" title="Route of administration">Routes of<br />administration</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/By_mouth" class="mw-redirect" title="By mouth">By mouth</a> (<a href="/wiki/Capsule_(pharmacy)" title="Capsule (pharmacy)">hard capsules</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tablet_(pharmacy)" title="Tablet (pharmacy)">tablets</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_Therapeutic_Chemical_Classification_System" title="Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System">ATC code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATC_code_J05" title="ATC code J05">J05AX13</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=J05AX13">WHO</a></span>) </li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Legal status</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Regulation_of_therapeutic_goods" title="Regulation of therapeutic goods">Legal status</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">RU</a></small> <a href="/wiki/Over-the-counter_drug" title="Over-the-counter drug">OTC</a><sup id="cite_ref-qmjkw_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qmjkw-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /><small><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">CN</a></small> <a href="/wiki/Prescription_drug" title="Prescription drug">Rx-only</a><sup id="cite_ref-qmjkw_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qmjkw-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /><small><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">BY</a></small> <a href="/wiki/Over-the-counter_drug" title="Over-the-counter drug">OTC</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd"><a href="/wiki/Pharmacokinetics" title="Pharmacokinetics">Pharmacokinetic</a> data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Bioavailability" title="Bioavailability">Bioavailability</a></th><td class="infobox-data">40%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Drug_metabolism" title="Drug metabolism">Metabolism</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Hepatic, <a href="/wiki/CYP3A4" title="CYP3A4">CYP3A4</a><sup id="cite_ref-pharmk1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pharmk2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Biological_half-life" title="Biological half-life">Elimination <span class="nowrap">half-life</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data">17–21 hours<sup id="cite_ref-pharmk1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pharmk2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Excretion" title="Excretion">Excretion</a></th><td class="infobox-data">40% excrete as unchanged umifenovir in feces (38.9%) and urine (0.12%)<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/IUPAC_nomenclature_of_chemistry" title="IUPAC nomenclature of chemistry">IUPAC name</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="font-size: 97%;">ethyl 6-bromo-4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-5-hydroxy-1-methyl-2-[(phenylsulfanyl)methyl]-1<i>H</i>-indole-3-carboxylate</div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=131707-25-0">131707-25-0</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/PubChem#CID" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> <span style="font-weight:normal"><abbr title="Compound ID">CID</abbr></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/131411">131411</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.drugbank.ca"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB13609">DB13609</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.116151.html">116151</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/93M09WW4RU">93M09WW4RU</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/KEGG" title="KEGG">KEGG</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.kegg.jp"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kegg.jp/entry/D10558">D10558</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChEBI" title="ChEBI">ChEBI</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:134730">CHEBI:134730</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/ChEMBL1214598">ChEMBL1214598</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Protein_Data_Bank" title="Protein Data Bank">PDB ligand</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>75U (<span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/PDBeXplore/ligand/?ligand=75U">PDBe</a></span>, <span title="www.rcsb.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcsb.org/ligand/75U">RCSB PDB</a></span>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CompTox_Chemicals_Dashboard" title="CompTox Chemicals Dashboard">CompTox Dashboard</a> <span style="font-weight:normal">(<abbr title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</abbr>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="comptox.epa.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID60895015">DTXSID60895015</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27271599#P3117" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA InfoCard"><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.247.800">100.247.800</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27271599#P2566" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd">Chemical and physical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Formula</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Carbon">C</span><sub>22</sub><span title="Hydrogen">H</span><sub>25</sub><span title="Bromine">Br</span><span title="Nitrogen">N</span><sub>2</sub><span title="Oxygen">O</span><sub>3</sub><span title="Sulfur">S</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Molar_mass" title="Molar mass">Molar mass</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002477420000000000♠"></span>477.42</span> g·mol<sup>−1</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;">3D model (<a href="/wiki/JSmol" class="mw-redirect" title="JSmol">JSmol</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=CCOC%28%3DO%29c1c%28n%28c2c1c%28c%28c%28c2%29Br%29O%29CN%28C%29C%29C%29CSc3ccccc3">Interactive image</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified molecular-input line-entry system">SMILES</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">CCOC(=O)c1c(n(c2c1c(c(c(c2)Br)O)CN(C)C)C)CSc3ccccc3</div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/C22H25BrN2O3S/c1-5-28-22(27)20-18(13-29-14-9-7-6-8-10-14)25(4)17-11-16(23)21(26)15(19(17)20)12-24(2)3/h6-11,26H,5,12-13H2,1-4H3<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key:KCFYEAOKVJSACF-UHFFFAOYSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"> <sup><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chemicals/Chembox_validation" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation">(what is this?)</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">  <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=457138656&page2=Umifenovir">(verify)</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Umifenovir</b>, sold under the brand name <b>Arbidol</b>, is sold and used as an <a href="/wiki/Antiviral_drug" title="Antiviral drug">antiviral medication</a> for <a href="/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza">influenza</a> in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>. The drug is manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Pharmstandard" title="Pharmstandard">Pharmstandard</a> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Фармстандарт</span>). It is not approved by the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Drug_Administration" title="Food and Drug Administration">Food and Drug Administration</a> (FDA) for the treatment or prevention of influenza.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_use">Medical use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Medical use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Testing of umifenovir's efficacy has mainly occurred in China and Russia,<sup id="cite_ref-Leneva_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leneva-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it is well known in these two countries.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18393857_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18393857-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the Russian tests showed the drug to be effective against <a href="/wiki/Influenza_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenza A">influenza A</a> and a direct comparison with <a href="/wiki/Oseltamivir" title="Oseltamivir">oseltamivir</a> showed similar efficiency <i>in vitro</i> and in a clinical setting.<sup id="cite_ref-Leneva_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leneva-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid26775570_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid26775570-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010 Arbidol was the drug brand with the highest sales volume in Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the first quarter of 2020 it had a 16 percent share in the Russian antiviral market.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Umifenovir is used primarily as an <a href="/wiki/Influenza_treatment#Antiviral_drugs" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenza treatment">antiviral treatment for influenza</a>. The drug has also been investigated as a candidate drug for treatment of <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis_C" title="Hepatitis C">hepatitis C</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17455911_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17455911-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some preliminary research suggests it could be useful for <a href="/wiki/Flavivirus" title="Flavivirus">flavivirus</a> infection like West Nile virus.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some studies also indicate that umifenovir also has <i>in vitro</i> effectiveness at preventing entry of <a href="/wiki/Zaire_ebolavirus" title="Zaire ebolavirus">Zaire ebolavirus</a> (Kikwit strain), Tacaribe <a href="/wiki/Arenavirus" title="Arenavirus">arenavirus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kaposi%27s_sarcoma-associated_herpesvirus" title="Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus">Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus</a> in mammalian cell cultures, while confirming umifenovir's suppressive effect <i>in vitro</i> on <a href="/wiki/Hepatitis_B" title="Hepatitis B">Hepatitis B</a> and <a href="/wiki/Poliovirus" title="Poliovirus">poliovirus</a> infection of mammalian cells when introduced either in advance of viral infection or during infection.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid26739045_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid26739045-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid30700611_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid30700611-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Side_effects">Side effects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Side effects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Adverse_drug_reaction" title="Adverse drug reaction">Side effects</a> in children include sensitization to the drug. No known overdose cases have been reported and <a href="/wiki/Allergic_reactions" class="mw-redirect" title="Allergic reactions">allergic reactions</a> are limited to people with <a href="/wiki/Hypersensitivity" title="Hypersensitivity">hypersensitivity</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Median_lethal_dose" title="Median lethal dose">LD<sub style="font-size:-1">50</sub></a> is more than 4 g/kg.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pharmacology">Pharmacology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pharmacology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pharmacodynamics">Pharmacodynamics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Pharmacodynamics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Umifenovir inhibits membrane fusion of influenza virus in vitro.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fusion between the viral envelope (surrounding the <a href="/wiki/Viral_capsid" class="mw-redirect" title="Viral capsid">viral capsid</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Cell_membrane" title="Cell membrane">cell membrane</a> of the target cell is inhibited.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This prevents viral entry to the target cell, and therefore protects it from infection.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid16854226_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid16854226-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some evidence suggests that the drug's actions are more effective at preventing infections from <a href="/wiki/RNA_virus" title="RNA virus">RNA viruses</a> than infections from <a href="/wiki/DNA_virus" title="DNA virus">DNA viruses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid17497238_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid17497238-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As well as specific antiviral action against both <a href="/wiki/Influenza_A" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenza A">influenza A</a> and <a href="/wiki/Influenza_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenza B">influenza B</a> viruses, umifenovir exhibits modulatory effects on the immune system. The drug stimulates a <a href="/wiki/Humoral_immune_response" class="mw-redirect" title="Humoral immune response">humoral immune response</a>, induces <a href="/wiki/Interferon" title="Interferon">interferon</a>-production, and stimulates the <a href="/wiki/Phagocytosis" title="Phagocytosis">phagocytic</a> function of <a href="/wiki/Macrophage" title="Macrophage">macrophages</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid10222830_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid10222830-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pharmacokinetics">Pharmacokinetics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pharmacokinetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The maximum concentration of umifenovir in blood plasma when taking a dose of 50 mg is achieved after 1.2 hours, with 100 mg the maximum dose is obtained after 1.5 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-pharmk1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bioavailability of the drug is about 40% and does not depend on food intake.<sup id="cite_ref-pharmk1_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The half-life is about 17-21 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-pharmk1_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pharmk2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is metabolized in the liver primarily by <a href="/wiki/CYP3A4" title="CYP3A4">CYP3A4</a> but also by several other enzymes.<sup id="cite_ref-pharmk2_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About 40% is excreted unchanged, mainly in bile (38.9%) and in small amounts by the kidneys (0.12%). During the first 24 hours, 90% of the administered dose is eliminated.<sup id="cite_ref-pharmk2_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pharmk2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chemistry">Chemistry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Chemistry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chemically, umifenovir features an <a href="/wiki/Indole" title="Indole">indole</a> core, functionalized at all but one positions with different substituents. The molecular groups of umifenovir - hydroxy, amino and carboxy - can form different hydrogen-bonded <a href="/wiki/Synthon" title="Synthon">synthons</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Umifenovir is characterized by only one polymorphic form but can exist in the form of a large number of crystal solvates, the production of which depends on the medium and conditions of synthesis. Umifenovir is poorly soluble in water. Crystalline solvates and other solid forms may be determined by the spatial structure and conformational equilibria in the saturated solution.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_and_criticism">History and criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History and criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Arbidol_packet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/ec/Arbidol_packet.jpg/220px-Arbidol_packet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/e/ec/Arbidol_packet.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="273" data-file-height="365" /></a><figcaption>A Russian packet of Arbidol capsules</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2006 the American company Good Earth Medicine applied to the FDA for an <a href="/wiki/Emergency_Use_Authorization" title="Emergency Use Authorization">Emergency Use Authorization</a> of Arbidol during the <a href="/wiki/H5N1" class="mw-redirect" title="H5N1">H5N1</a> bird flu epidemic, but their application was rejected on the grounds that the lab data provided was not strong enough to justify use.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2007, the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences stated that the effects of Arbidol (umifenovir) are not scientifically proven.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the early 2010s Russian media criticized lobbying attempts by <a href="/wiki/Tatyana_Golikova" title="Tatyana Golikova">Tatyana Golikova</a> (then-Minister of Healthcare) to promote umifenovir,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the unsubstantiated claim that Arbidol can speed up recovery from flu or cold by 1.3-2.3 days.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also made claims that comparative clinical studies have proven umifenovir to be inefficient.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2020, the Russian drug company OTCPharm (Отисифарм) published advertisements stating that the drug is effective against <a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2" title="SARS-CoV-2">SARS-CoV-2</a>. Shortly afterwards the Russian <a href="/wiki/Federal_Antimonopoly_Service" title="Federal Antimonopoly Service">Federal Antimonopoly Service</a> fined the company for violation of its advertising rules.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2020 a video promoting the drug for <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> went viral on Facebook and circulated heavily on WhatsApp, and around the same time a shortage of the drug ensued in Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_for_COVID-19">Research for COVID-19</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Research for COVID-19"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_drug_repurposing_research" title="COVID-19 drug repurposing research">COVID-19 drug repurposing research</a></div> <p>In early 2020 umifenovir was touted as a potential treatment for <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> in China, where it was sometimes given to patients in combination with other drugs such as the anti-HIV drug <a href="/wiki/Darunavir" title="Darunavir">Darunavir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid31996494_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid31996494-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A three-arm RCT study published in May 2020 in the <a href="/wiki/Cell_Press" title="Cell Press">Cell Press</a> journal <i>Clinical Advances</i> found that neither Umifenovir or <a href="/wiki/Lopinavir" title="Lopinavir">Lopinavir</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ritonavir" title="Ritonavir">Ritonavir</a> helped patients with mild to moderate COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A similar study comparing Umifenovir directly with Lopinavir/Ritonavir found no difference in fever duration between the two groups but found a lower viral load on day 14 in the Umifenovir group.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A systemic review and meta-analysis of 16 studies on Umifenovir published in March 2021 concluded that there is "no significant benefit of using Arbidol compared with non‐antiviral treatment or other therapeutic agents against COVID‐19 disease."<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_drugs" title="List of Russian drugs">List of Russian drugs</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist 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(July 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7195393">"Arbidol monotherapy is superior to lopinavir/ritonavir in treating COVID-19"</a>. <i>The Journal of Infection</i>. <b>81</b> (1): e21–e23. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jinf.2020.03.060">10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.060</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7195393">7195393</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32283143">32283143</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Infection&rft.atitle=Arbidol+monotherapy+is+superior+to+lopinavir%2Fritonavir+in+treating+COVID-19&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=e21-e23&rft.date=2020-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7195393%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32283143&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jinf.2020.03.060&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.au=Lu%2C+Z&rft.au=Xu%2C+T&rft.au=Chen%2C+C&rft.au=Yang%2C+G&rft.au=Zha%2C+T&rft.au=Lu%2C+J&rft.au=Xue%2C+Y&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7195393&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmifenovir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmaniAmaniZareeiZareei2021" class="citation journal cs1">Amani B, Amani B, Zareei S, Zareei M (December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8426686">"Efficacy and safety of arbidol (umifenovir) in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis"</a>. <i>Immunity, Inflammation and Disease</i>. <b>9</b> (4): 1197–1208. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fiid3.502">10.1002/iid3.502</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8426686">8426686</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34347937">34347937</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Immunity%2C+Inflammation+and+Disease&rft.atitle=Efficacy+and+safety+of+arbidol+%28umifenovir%29+in+patients+with+COVID-19%3A+A+systematic+review+and+meta-analysis&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=1197-1208&rft.date=2021-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8426686%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F34347937&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fiid3.502&rft.aulast=Amani&rft.aufirst=B&rft.au=Amani%2C+B&rft.au=Zareei%2C+S&rft.au=Zareei%2C+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC8426686&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmifenovir" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umifenovir&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://druginfo.nlm.nih.gov/drugportal/name/umifenovir">"Umifenovir"</a>. <i>Drug Information Portal</i>. U.S. National Library of Medicine.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Drug+Information+Portal&rft.atitle=Umifenovir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdruginfo.nlm.nih.gov%2Fdrugportal%2Fname%2Fumifenovir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmifenovir" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="RNA_virus_antivirals_(primarily_J05,_also_S01AD_and_D06BB)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/NS3_(HCV)" class="mw-redirect" title="NS3 (HCV)">NS3</a>/<a href="/wiki/NS4A" class="mw-redirect" title="NS4A">4A</a> protease inhibitors (–previr)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asunaprevir" title="Asunaprevir">Asunaprevir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boceprevir" title="Boceprevir">Boceprevir</a><sup><b>‡</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciluprevir" title="Ciluprevir">Ciluprevir</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danoprevir" title="Danoprevir">Danoprevir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faldaprevir" title="Faldaprevir">Faldaprevir</a><sup><b>‡</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glecaprevir" title="Glecaprevir">Glecaprevir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grazoprevir" title="Grazoprevir">Grazoprevir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narlaprevir" title="Narlaprevir">Narlaprevir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paritaprevir" title="Paritaprevir">Paritaprevir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeprevir" title="Simeprevir">Simeprevir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovaprevir" title="Sovaprevir">Sovaprevir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telaprevir" title="Telaprevir">Telaprevir</a><sup><b>‡</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaniprevir" title="Vaniprevir">Vaniprevir</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedroprevir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vedroprevir (page does not exist)">Vedroprevir</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voxilaprevir" title="Voxilaprevir">Voxilaprevir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/NS5A" class="mw-redirect" title="NS5A">NS5A</a> inhibitors (–asvir)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coblopasvir" title="Coblopasvir">Coblopasvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daclatasvir" title="Daclatasvir">Daclatasvir</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbasvir" title="Elbasvir">Elbasvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ledipasvir" title="Ledipasvir">Ledipasvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odalasvir" title="Odalasvir">Odalasvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ombitasvir" title="Ombitasvir">Ombitasvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pibrentasvir" title="Pibrentasvir">Pibrentasvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravidasvir" title="Ravidasvir">Ravidasvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruzasvir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruzasvir (page does not exist)">Ruzasvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samatasvir" title="Samatasvir">Samatasvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velpatasvir" title="Velpatasvir">Velpatasvir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/NS5B" class="mw-redirect" title="NS5B">NS5B</a> <a href="/wiki/RNA_polymerase" title="RNA polymerase">RNA polymerase</a> inhibitors (–buvir)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beclabuvir" title="Beclabuvir">Beclabuvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bemnifosbuvir" title="Bemnifosbuvir">Bemnifosbuvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dasabuvir" title="Dasabuvir">Dasabuvir</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deleobuvir" title="Deleobuvir">Deleobuvir</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filibuvir" title="Filibuvir">Filibuvir</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GS-6620" title="GS-6620">GS-6620</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IDX-184" title="IDX-184">IDX-184</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setrobuvir" title="Setrobuvir">Setrobuvir</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofosbuvir" title="Sofosbuvir">Sofosbuvir</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tegobuvir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tegobuvir (page does not exist)">Tegobuvir</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TMC-647055" title="TMC-647055">TMC-647055</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radalbuvir" title="Radalbuvir">Radalbuvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uprifosbuvir" title="Uprifosbuvir">Uprifosbuvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combination drugs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elbasvir/grazoprevir" title="Elbasvir/grazoprevir">Elbasvir/grazoprevir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir" title="Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir">Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir" title="Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir">Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir" title="Ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir">Ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofosbuvir/daclatasvir" title="Sofosbuvir/daclatasvir">Sofosbuvir/daclatasvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir" title="Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir">Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir" title="Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir">Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hepatitis_D" title="Hepatitis D">Hepatitis D</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulevirtide" title="Bulevirtide">Bulevirtide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Picornavirus" title="Picornavirus">Picornavirus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Viral_entry" title="Viral entry">viral entry</a>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Pleconaril" title="Pleconaril">Pleconaril</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Anti-<a href="/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza">influenza</a> agents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baloxavir_marboxil" title="Baloxavir marboxil">Baloxavir marboxil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimodivir" title="Pimodivir">Pimodivir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Umifenovir</a></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adamantane" title="Adamantane">adamantane derivatives</a>/<a href="/wiki/M2_protein" class="mw-redirect" title="M2 protein">M2 inhibitors</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Adapromine" title="Adapromine">Adapromine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amantadine" title="Amantadine">Amantadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimantadine" title="Rimantadine">Rimantadine</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Neuraminidase_inhibitor" title="Neuraminidase inhibitor">neuraminidase inhibitors</a>/<a href="/wiki/Antiviral_drug#Release_phase" title="Antiviral drug">release phase</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Oseltamivir" title="Oseltamivir">Oseltamivir</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanamivir" title="Zanamivir">Zanamivir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peramivir" title="Peramivir">Peramivir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laninamivir" title="Laninamivir">Laninamivir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multiple/general</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Interferon" title="Interferon">Interferon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interferon_alfa_2b" class="mw-redirect" title="Interferon alfa 2b">Interferon alfa 2b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peginterferon_alfa-2a" title="Peginterferon alfa-2a">Peginterferon alfa-2a</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peginterferon_alfa-2b" title="Peginterferon alfa-2b">Peginterferon alfa-2b</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/3C-like_protease" title="3C-like protease">3CL protease</a> inhibitors (–trelvir)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ensitrelvir" title="Ensitrelvir">Ensitrelvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibuzatrelvir" title="Ibuzatrelvir">Ibuzatrelvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufotrelvir" title="Lufotrelvir">Lufotrelvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirmatrelvir" title="Nirmatrelvir">Nirmatrelvir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir" title="Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir">+ritonavir</a>)<sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupintrivir" title="Rupintrivir">Rupintrivir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simnotrelvir" class="mw-redirect" title="Simnotrelvir">Simnotrelvir</a> (<a href="/wiki/Simnotrelvir/ritonavir" title="Simnotrelvir/ritonavir">+ritonavir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">RNA pol inhibitors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CMX521" title="CMX521">CMX521</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuremidevir" title="Deuremidevir">Deuremidevir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Favipiravir" title="Favipiravir">Favipiravir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galidesivir" title="Galidesivir">Galidesivir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GS-441524" title="GS-441524">GS-441524</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remdesivir" title="Remdesivir">Remdesivir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK-608" title="MK-608">MK-608</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mericitabine" title="Mericitabine">Mericitabine</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molnupiravir" title="Molnupiravir">Molnupiravir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NITD008" title="NITD008">NITD008</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribavirin" title="Ribavirin">Ribavirin</a><sup><b>#</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taribavirin" title="Taribavirin">Taribavirin</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triazavirin" class="mw-redirect" title="Triazavirin">Triazavirin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valopicitabine" title="Valopicitabine">Valopicitabine</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multiple/Unknown/Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EICAR_(antiviral)" title="EICAR (antiviral)">EICAR</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merimepodib" title="Merimepodib">Merimepodib</a><sup><b>§</b></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroxydine" title="Moroxydine">Moroxydine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presatovir" title="Presatovir">Presatovir</a><sup><b>†</b></sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: transparent; padding: 0px;"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><sup>#</sup><a href="/wiki/WHO_Model_List_of_Essential_Medicines" title="WHO Model List of Essential Medicines">WHO-EM</a></li> <li><sup>‡</sup><a href="/wiki/List_of_withdrawn_drugs" title="List of withdrawn drugs">Withdrawn</a> from market</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinical_trial" title="Clinical trial">Clinical trials</a>: <ul><li><sup>†</sup><a href="/wiki/Phases_of_clinical_research#Phase_III" title="Phases of clinical research">Phase III</a></li> <li><sup>§</sup>Never to phase III</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Influenza" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Influenza" title="Template:Influenza"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Influenza" title="Template talk:Influenza"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Influenza" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Influenza"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Influenza" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Influenza" title="Influenza">Influenza</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_research" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenza research">Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_vaccine" title="Influenza vaccine">Vaccine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_treatment" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenza treatment">Treatment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_Genome_Sequencing_Project" title="Influenza Genome Sequencing Project">Genome sequencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reassortment" title="Reassortment">Reassortment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superinfection" title="Superinfection">Superinfection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flu_season" title="Flu season">Flu season</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Viruses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthomyxoviridae" title="Orthomyxoviridae">Orthomyxoviridae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus" title="Influenza A virus">Influenza A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenzavirus_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenzavirus B">Influenza B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenzavirus_C" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenzavirus C">Influenza C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenzavirus_D" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenzavirus D">Influenza D</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Influenza A virus<br />subtypes</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H1N1" title="Influenza A virus subtype H1N1">H1N1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H1N2" title="Influenza A virus subtype H1N2">H1N2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H2N2" title="Influenza A virus subtype H2N2">H2N2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H2N3" title="Influenza A virus subtype H2N3">H2N3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H3N1" title="Influenza A virus subtype H3N1">H3N1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H3N2" title="Influenza A virus subtype H3N2">H3N2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H3N8" title="Influenza A virus subtype H3N8">H3N8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5N1" title="Influenza A virus subtype H5N1">H5N1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5N2" title="Influenza A virus subtype H5N2">H5N2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5N3" title="Influenza A virus subtype H5N3">H5N3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5N6" title="Influenza A virus subtype H5N6">H5N6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5N8" title="Influenza A virus subtype H5N8">H5N8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5N9" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenza A virus subtype H5N9">H5N9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H6N1" title="Influenza A virus subtype H6N1">H6N1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H7N1" title="Influenza A virus subtype H7N1">H7N1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H7N2" title="Influenza A virus subtype H7N2">H7N2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H7N3" title="Influenza A virus subtype H7N3">H7N3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H7N4" title="Influenza A virus subtype H7N4">H7N4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H7N7" title="Influenza A virus subtype H7N7">H7N7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H7N9" title="Influenza A virus subtype H7N9">H7N9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H9N2" title="Influenza A virus subtype H9N2">H9N2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H10N3" title="Influenza A virus subtype H10N3">H10N3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H10N7" title="Influenza A virus subtype H10N7">H10N7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H10N8" title="Influenza A virus subtype H10N8">H10N8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H11N2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Influenza A virus subtype H11N2 (page does not exist)">H11N2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H11N9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Influenza A virus subtype H11N9 (page does not exist)">H11N9</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H1N1" title="Influenza A virus subtype H1N1">H1N1</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Influenza_pandemic" title="Influenza pandemic">Pandemics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_flu" title="Spanish flu">1918 (Spanish flu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Russian_flu" title="1977 Russian flu">1977 (Russian flu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic" title="2009 swine flu pandemic">2009 (Swine flu)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">Science</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pandemic_H1N1/09_virus" title="Pandemic H1N1/09 virus">2009 A/H1N1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5N1" title="Influenza A virus subtype H5N1">H5N1</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">Outbreaks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bird_flu_in_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bird flu in Croatia">Croatia (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_H5N1_outbreak_in_India" title="2006 H5N1 outbreak in India">India (2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Bernard_Matthews_H5N1_outbreak" title="2007 Bernard Matthews H5N1 outbreak">UK (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_H5N1_outbreak_in_West_Bengal" title="2008 H5N1 outbreak in West Bengal">West Bengal (2008)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932024_H5N1_outbreak" title="2020–2024 H5N1 outbreak">2020s outbreak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">Science</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H5N1_genetic_structure" title="H5N1 genetic structure">Genetic structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_and_infection_of_H5N1" title="Transmission and infection of H5N1">Transmission and infection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_spread_of_H5N1" title="Global spread of H5N1">Global spread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H5N1_vaccine" title="H5N1 vaccine">Vaccine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H5N1_clinical_trials" class="mw-redirect" title="H5N1 clinical trials">clinical trials</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_mortality_from_H5N1" title="Human mortality from H5N1">Human mortality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_effects_of_H5N1" title="Social effects of H5N1">Social impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influenza_pandemic#Government_preparations_for_a_potential_H5N1_pandemic_(2003–2009)" title="Influenza pandemic">Pandemic preparation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H5N8" title="Influenza A virus subtype H5N8">H5N8</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">Outbreaks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932022_H5N8_outbreak" class="mw-redirect" title="2020–2022 H5N8 outbreak">2020–2022</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Influenza_treatment" class="mw-redirect" title="Influenza treatment">Treatments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Antiviral_drug" title="Antiviral drug">Antiviral drugs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adamantane" title="Adamantane">Adamantane derivatives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amantadine" title="Amantadine">Amantadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimantadine" title="Rimantadine">Rimantadine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuraminidase_inhibitor" title="Neuraminidase inhibitor">Neuraminidase inhibitor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oseltamivir" title="Oseltamivir">Oseltamivir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laninamivir" title="Laninamivir">Laninamivir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peramivir" title="Peramivir">Peramivir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanamivir" title="Zanamivir">Zanamivir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peramivir" title="Peramivir">Peramivir <span style="font-size:85%;">(experimental)</span></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Umifenovir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloxavir_marboxil" title="Baloxavir marboxil">Baloxavir marboxil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Influenza_vaccine" title="Influenza vaccine">Vaccines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Live_attenuated_influenza_vaccine" title="Live attenuated influenza vaccine">Live attenuated influenza vaccine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seasonal_influenza_vaccine_brands" class="mw-redirect" title="Seasonal influenza vaccine brands">Brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandemrix" title="Pandemrix">Pandemrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audenz" class="mw-redirect" title="Audenz">Audenz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Pandemics and<br />epidemics</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Influenza_pandemic" title="Influenza pandemic">Pandemics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1510_influenza_pandemic" title="1510 influenza pandemic">Influenza pandemic (1510)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1557_influenza_pandemic" title="1557 influenza pandemic">Influenza pandemic (1557)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1889%E2%80%931890_pandemic" title="1889–1890 pandemic">Russian flu (1889–1890)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918_flu_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="1918 flu pandemic">Spanish flu (1918)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1957%E2%80%931958_influenza_pandemic" title="1957–1958 influenza pandemic">Asian flu (1957-1958)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_flu" title="Hong Kong flu">Hong Kong flu (1968)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Russian_flu" title="1977 Russian flu">1977 Russian flu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic" title="2009 swine flu pandemic">Swine flu (2009)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_epidemics_and_pandemics" title="List of epidemics and pandemics">Epidemics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fujian_flu" title="Fujian flu">Fujian flu (H3N2)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1989%E2%80%931990_flu_epidemic_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1989–1990 flu epidemic in the United Kingdom">1989–1990 UK outbreak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Central_Luzon_H5N6_outbreak" title="2017 Central Luzon H5N6 outbreak">Central Luzon H5N6 (2017)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-human</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">Mammals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canine_influenza" title="Canine influenza">Canine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_flu" title="Cat flu">Feline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equine_influenza" title="Equine influenza">Equine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2007_Australian_equine_influenza_outbreak" title="2007 Australian equine influenza outbreak">2007 Australian outbreak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swine_influenza" title="Swine influenza">Swine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">Non-mammals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avian_influenza" title="Avian influenza">Avian</a></li> <li><a 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throat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Influenza-like_illness" title="Influenza-like illness">Influenza-like illness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932018_United_States_flu_season" title="2017–2018 United States flu season">2017–2018 United States flu season</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_influenza_statistics_by_flu_season" class="mw-redirect" title="US influenza statistics by flu season">US influenza statistics by flu season</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid 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