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href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%AD%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%80%BB%E8%A6%81" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%AD%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%80%BB%E8%A6%81" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-内容" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#内容"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>内容</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-内容-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-评价" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#评价"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>评价</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-评价-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-版本" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#版本"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>版本</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-版本-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">武经总要</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。12种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled 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data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wujing_Zongyao" title="Wujing Zongyao – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wujing Zongyao" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wujing_Zongyao" title="Wujing Zongyao – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wujing Zongyao" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wujing_Zongyao" title="Wujing Zongyao – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wujing Zongyao" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E7%B5%8C%E7%B7%8F%E8%A6%81" title="武経総要 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="武経総要" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AC%B4%EA%B2%BD%EC%B4%9D%EC%9A%94" title="무경총요 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="무경총요" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wujing_Zongyao" title="Wujing Zongyao – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Wujing Zongyao" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wujing_Zongyao" title="Wujing Zongyao – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wujing Zongyao" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%86%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%86%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%8F%D0%BE" title="Уцзин цзунъяо – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уцзин цзунъяо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wujing_Zongyao" title="Wujing Zongyao – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wujing Zongyao" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BA-keng_Ch%C3%B3ng-i%C3%A0u" title="Bú-keng Chóng-iàu – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bú-keng Chóng-iàu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44973#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%80%BB%E8%A6%81" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talk:%E6%AD%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%80%BB%E8%A6%81&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="关于此页面的讨论（页面不存在）[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%A8%93%E8%88%B9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/%E6%A8%93%E8%88%B9.jpg/350px-%E6%A8%93%E8%88%B9.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/%E6%A8%93%E8%88%B9.jpg/525px-%E6%A8%93%E8%88%B9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/%E6%A8%93%E8%88%B9.jpg/700px-%E6%A8%93%E8%88%B9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1684" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>《武經總要》中的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%93%E8%88%B9" title="樓船">樓船</a>圖。</figcaption></figure> <p>《<b>武经总要</b>》是一部中国<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%AE%8B" title="北宋">北宋</a>官修的<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="军事">军事</a>著作。宋初將領多出自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A1%8C%E4%BC%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="行伍（页面不存在）">行伍</a>，拔卒為將，以殿前比試武藝，作為人事升遷的途徑，稱為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BD%89%E5%93%A1%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="轉員制度（页面不存在）">轉員制度</a>，開國六十年後將領多不知兵法，<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E7%A5%90" title="景祐">景祐</a>元年（1034年）<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%BC%BC" title="富弼">富弼</a>上《論武舉武學奏》，建議設立<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%AD%A6" title="武学">武學</a>，由<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%AB%A0%E9%98%81" title="天章阁">天章閣</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%85%E5%88%B6" title="待制">待制</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BE%E5%85%AC%E4%BA%AE" title="曾公亮">曾公亮</a>和尚書工部侍郎、參知政事<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E5%BA%A6" title="丁度">丁度</a>等奉命於1040年至1044年編輯而成，完成於1044年（北宋慶歷4年）。主題廣泛，從各種類的海軍船艦到投石機都有。武經總要是歷史上最早含有<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E7%9F%B3" title="硝石">硝石</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E7%A3%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="硫磺">硫磺</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E7%82%AD" title="木炭">木炭</a>等成分<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E8%97%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="火藥">火藥</a>配方的記錄。在1126年<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="金国">金国</a>占領開封時，失去了武經總要的原本。1231年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%AE%8B" title="南宋">南宋</a>藉由一些副本重製了新版本的武經總要。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="内容"><span id=".E5.86.85.E5.AE.B9"></span>内容</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%80%BB%E8%A6%81&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：内容"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>全书分为前后两集，共四十三卷，计2869页。前集二十二卷将军事制度、军事组织、选将用兵、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B5%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="阵法">阵法</a>、山川地理等军事理论和规则；后集二十一卷前半部分介绍古今战例，后半部分介绍阴阳占卜。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="评价"><span id=".E8.AF.84.E4.BB.B7"></span>评价</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%80%BB%E8%A6%81&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：评价"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>该书是中国第一部规模宏大的官修综合性军事著作，对于研究<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="宋代">宋代</a>以前的军事思想非常重要。其中大篇幅介绍了<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" title="武器">武器</a>的制造，对科学技术史的研究也很重要。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="版本"><span id=".E7.89.88.E6.9C.AC"></span>版本</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%80%BB%E8%A6%81&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：版本"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>明弘治、正德年间据南宋绍定本重刻本。</li> <li>明弘治十七年（1504年）李赞刻本。</li> <li>明金陵书林唐福春刻本。</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%93%E5%85%A8%E4%B9%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="四库全书">四库全书</a>》本。</li> <li>《兵书集成》影印明唐福春刻本。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%A6%E7%BB%8F%E6%80%BB%E8%A6%81&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《武經總要序》</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部链接"><span 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