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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Utilizzi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Utilizzi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Utilizzi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Utilizzi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Utilizzi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Militare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Militare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Militare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Militare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radioamatoriale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radioamatoriale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Radioamatoriale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radioamatoriale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Personale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ricreativo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ricreativo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Ricreativo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ricreativo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specialistico" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specialistico"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Specialistico</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Specialistico-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sviluppi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sviluppi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sviluppi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sviluppi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Walkie-talkie</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 38 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%83%D9%8A" title="اللاسلكي - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللاسلكي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF" title="ওয়াকিটকি - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওয়াকিটকি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie" title="Walkie-talkie - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Walkie-talkie" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vys%C3%ADla%C4%8Dka" title="Vysílačka - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vysílačka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-Talkie" title="Walkie-Talkie - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Walkie-Talkie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie" title="Walkie-talkie - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Walkie-talkie" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Promenradio" title="Promenradio - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Promenradio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie" title="Walkie-talkie - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Walkie-talkie" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raadiotelefon" title="Raadiotelefon - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Raadiotelefon" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie" title="Walkie-talkie - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Walkie-talkie" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="واکی تاکی - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="واکی تاکی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talkie-walkie" title="Talkie-walkie - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Talkie-walkie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%BAlsc%C3%A9ala%C3%AD" title="Siúlscéalaí - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Siúlscéalaí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%99-%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%99" title="ווקי-טוקי - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ווקי-טוקי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80-%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="वॉकी-टॉकी - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वॉकी-टॉकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protofon" title="Protofon - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Protofon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labbrabbt%C3%A6ki" title="Labbrabbtæki - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Labbrabbtæki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AD%E3%83%BC" title="ウォーキートーキー - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウォーキートーキー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9B%8C%ED%82%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%82%A4" title="워키토키 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="워키토키" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%91%D1%80_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D3%A9%D3%A9%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Хоёр замтай зөөврийн радио - mongolo" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хоёр замтай зөөврийн радио" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portofoon" title="Portofoon - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Portofoon" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkietalkie" title="Walkietalkie - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Walkietalkie" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie" title="Walkie-talkie - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Walkie-talkie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie" title="Walkie-talkie - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Walkie-talkie" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Рация - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рация" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camina-e-faedda" title="Camina-e-faedda - sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Camina-e-faedda" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie" title="Walkie-talkie - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Walkie-talkie" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voki-toki" title="Voki-toki - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Voki-toki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiomarr%C3%ABsi" title="Radiomarrësi - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Radiomarrësi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8-%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Воки-токи - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Воки-токи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walkie-talkie" title="Walkie-talkie - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Walkie-talkie" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_telsizi" title="El telsizi - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="El telsizi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Переносна радіостанція - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Переносна радіостанція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%81" title="سیرتکلمہ - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیرتکلمہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratsiya" title="Ratsiya - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ratsiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1y_b%E1%BB%99_%C4%91%C3%A0m" title="Máy bộ đàm - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Máy bộ đàm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E5%AF%B9%E8%AE%B2%E6%9C%BA" title="无线对讲机 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="无线对讲机" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E8%AC%9B%E6%A9%9F" title="對講機 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="對講機" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q938319#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/36px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Disambiguazione" title="Aiuto:Disambiguazione">Disambiguazione</a> – Se stai cercando il gruppo musicale italiano, vedi <b><a href="/wiki/Uochi_Toki" title="Uochi Toki">Uochi Toki</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130658281"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint nota-disambigua"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/18px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/27px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Nota_disambigua.svg/36px-Nota_disambigua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Disambiguazione" title="Aiuto:Disambiguazione">Disambiguazione</a> – Se stai cercando l'applicazione, vedi <b><a href="/wiki/Walkie-talkie_(Apple)" title="Walkie-talkie (Apple)">Walkie-talkie (Apple)</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Recreational_Walkie_Talkies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Recreational_Walkie_Talkies.jpg/220px-Recreational_Walkie_Talkies.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Recreational_Walkie_Talkies.jpg/330px-Recreational_Walkie_Talkies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Recreational_Walkie_Talkies.jpg/440px-Recreational_Walkie_Talkies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Vari tipi di walkie-talkie</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikipedia_images_011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Wikipedia_images_011.jpg/220px-Wikipedia_images_011.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Wikipedia_images_011.jpg/330px-Wikipedia_images_011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Wikipedia_images_011.jpg/440px-Wikipedia_images_011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Walkie-talkie tipo <a href="/w/index.php?title=PMR446&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PMR446 (la pagina non esiste)">PMR446</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Un <b>walkie-talkie</b> o <i><b>handheld transceiver</b></i> (<b>HT</b>), in italiano <b>ricetrasmettitore palmare</b>, è una <a href="/wiki/Radio_(apparecchio)" title="Radio (apparecchio)">radio ricetrasmittente</a> <a href="/wiki/Duplex" title="Duplex">bidirezionale</a> portatile che può essere tenuta in mano, adibita alla comunicazione con altri terminali. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storia">Storia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Storia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Storia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Scr300.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Scr300.png/220px-Scr300.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Scr300.png/330px-Scr300.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Scr300.png/440px-Scr300.png 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=SCR-300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCR-300 (la pagina non esiste)">SCR-300</a>- Un "walkie talkie"</figcaption></figure> <p>La prima radio ricetrasmittente chiamata "Walkie-Talkie" fu la <i>backpacked</i> <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=SCR-300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCR-300 (la pagina non esiste)">SCR-300</a>, creata da un gruppo di progettisti nel 1940 alla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Galvin_Manufacturing_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galvin Manufacturing Company (la pagina non esiste)">Galvin Manufacturing Company</a> (precursore della <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>). Il team di progettisti era costituito da <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_E._Noble&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel E. Noble (la pagina non esiste)">Daniel E. Noble</a>, che sviluppò il design in <a href="/wiki/Modulazione_di_frequenza" title="Modulazione di frequenza">modulazione di frequenza</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Henryk_Magnuski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Henryk Magnuski (la pagina non esiste)">Henryk Magnuski</a> che fu l'ingegnere capo della <a href="/wiki/Radiofrequenza" title="Radiofrequenza">radiofrequenza</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marion_Bond&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marion Bond (la pagina non esiste)">Marion Bond</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lloyd_Morris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lloyd Morris (la pagina non esiste)">Lloyd Morris</a>, e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bill_Vogel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bill Vogel (la pagina non esiste)">Bill Vogel</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portable_radio_SCR536.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Portable_radio_SCR536.png/220px-Portable_radio_SCR536.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="354" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Portable_radio_SCR536.png/330px-Portable_radio_SCR536.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/Portable_radio_SCR536.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="696" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=SCR-536&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCR-536 (la pagina non esiste)">SCR-536</a> "handie talkie".</figcaption></figure> <p>Motorola produsse anche la “hand-held” a <a href="/wiki/Modulazione_di_ampiezza" title="Modulazione di ampiezza">modulazione di ampiezza</a> AM <a href="/w/index.php?title=SCR-536&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SCR-536 (la pagina non esiste)">SCR-536</a> durante la <a href="/wiki/Seconda_guerra_mondiale" title="Seconda guerra mondiale">seconda guerra mondiale</a>, e fu chiamata "<b>Handie-Talkie</b>" (HT).<sup id="cite_ref-Wolinsky_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wolinsky-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Il termine è spesso confuso odiernamente, ma l'originale “walkie talkie” si riferiva al modello portato sulla schiena, mentre “handie talkie” fu il dispositivo portatile che stava in una mano (ma con performance ridotte). Entrambi i dispositivi erano con <a href="/wiki/Valvole_termoioniche" class="mw-redirect" title="Valvole termoioniche">valvole termoioniche</a> e con <a href="/w/index.php?title=Batteria_a_secco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Batteria a secco (la pagina non esiste)">batteria a secco</a> ad alto voltaggio. Handie-Talkie divenne un marchio della <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>, Inc. il 22 maggio 1951. Il brevetto fu registrato al <a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Patent_and_Trademark_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (la pagina non esiste)">U.S. Patent and Trademark Office</a>, e il numero di registrazione è 71560123. </p><p>L'ingegnere e sviluppatore <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_J._Gross&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred J. Gross (la pagina non esiste)">Alfred J. Gross</a> della <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joan-Eleanor_system&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joan-Eleanor system (la pagina non esiste)">Joan-Eleanor system</a> che lavorò anch'egli alla tecnologia che stava dietro il walkie-talkie, tra il 1934 e il 1941, è talvolta accreditato come l'inventore di tali sistemi.<sup id="cite_ref-mit_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mit-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AWM_017402_Noemfoor_radio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/AWM_017402_Noemfoor_radio.jpg/220px-AWM_017402_Noemfoor_radio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/AWM_017402_Noemfoor_radio.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="318" data-file-height="327" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Noemfoor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noemfoor (la pagina non esiste)">Noemfoor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nuova_Guinea_olandese" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuova Guinea olandese">Nuova Guinea olandese</a>, luglio 1944. Un soldato USA usa un walkie-talkie durante la <a href="/wiki/Battaglia_di_Noemfoor" title="Battaglia di Noemfoor">battaglia di Noemfoor</a>. (Photographer: Allan F. Anderson.)</figcaption></figure> <p>Anche il canadese <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donald_Hings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donald Hings (la pagina non esiste)">Donald Hings</a> è considerato l'inventore di sistemi radio portatili ad uso professionale nel 1937, che chiamò "packset" e che diventò conosciuto come "walkie talkie". Hings fu decorato per il contributo significativo in guerra<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Il modello di Hings C-58 "Handy-Talkie" fu in servizio militare dal 1942, e come testimoniano documenti coperti da segreto risalenti al 1940. Dopo la fine della guerra, la <a href="/wiki/Raytheon" class="mw-redirect" title="Raytheon">Raytheon</a> sviluppò il sostituto militare della SCR-536, la <a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/PRC-6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/PRC-6 (la pagina non esiste)">AN/PRC-6</a>. La AN/PRC-6 usava 13 tubi termoionici (ricevitore e trasmettitore); un set di altri 13 tubi era fornito come parti di ricambio. La radio era tarata in fabbrica ad una determinata frequenza con un cristallo specifico; si poteva cambiare frequenza cambiando cristallo e risintonizzando l'unità. Era fornita di un'antenna da 24 pollici. Esisteva una cornetta opzionale, H-33C/PT, che poteva essere connessa alla AN/PRC-6 con un cavo di lungo 5 piedi. </p><p>A metà degli anni '70 il corpo dei <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marines</a> promosse lo sviluppo di un sistema che rimpiazzasse l'<a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/PRR-9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/PRR-9 (la pagina non esiste)">AN/PRR-9</a> montato su elmetto e la ricetrasmittente palmare <a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/PRT-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/PRT-4 (la pagina non esiste)">AN/PRT-4</a> (sviluppati dall'esercito). La radio <a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/PRC-68&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/PRC-68 (la pagina non esiste)">AN/PRC-68</a> fu la prima prodotta nel 1976 dalla <a href="/wiki/Magnavox" title="Magnavox">Magnavox</a>, adottata dai Marines negli anni '80 e successivamente anche da <a href="/wiki/US_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="US Army">US Army</a>. L'abbreviazione HT, derivata da "Handie Talkie" della <a href="/wiki/Motorola" title="Motorola">Motorola</a>, è usata comunemente per indicare le radio portatili amatoriali. "walkie-talkie" è spesso usato per indicare giocattoli. Il surplus della Motorola tipo Handie Talkie trovarono impiego presso gruppi di amatori o gruppi di protezione civile negli anni '50 e '60, o impiegati dalla <a href="/w/index.php?title=Civil_Defense&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Civil Defense (la pagina non esiste)">Civil Defense</a>. Per evitare abusi nell'utilizzo del nome registrato dalla Motorola, altri costruttori utilizzano "Handheld Transceiver" o "Handie Transceiver". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descrizione">Descrizione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Descrizione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Descrizione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Le caratteristiche tipiche consistono nell'avere un canale di comunicazione <i><a href="/wiki/Half-duplex" class="mw-redirect" title="Half-duplex">half duplex</a></i> e punto-multipunto: una sola radio può trasmettere in un dato momento, ma più radio possono sentire il messaggio. La <a href="/wiki/Trasmissione_(telecomunicazioni)" title="Trasmissione (telecomunicazioni)">trasmissione</a> inizia premendo il pulsante <a href="/wiki/Push-to-talk" title="Push-to-talk">push-to-talk</a>, spesso abbreviato con l'acronimo PTT (modalità <a href="/wiki/Half-duplex" class="mw-redirect" title="Half-duplex">half-duplex</a>). I sistemi più evoluti hanno la capacità di selezionare una banda di trasmissione (<a href="/wiki/Canale_(telecomunicazioni)" title="Canale (telecomunicazioni)">canale</a>) all'interno di una gamma di valori possibili. </p><p>Un walkie talkie assomiglia vagamente ad un <a href="/wiki/Telefono" title="Telefono">telefono</a>, di solito è più grande di un <a href="/wiki/Telefono_cellulare" title="Telefono cellulare">telefono cellulare</a>, con un'<a href="/wiki/Antenna" title="Antenna">antenna</a> che spunta dall'alto. </p><p>Mentre un telefono ha un <a href="/wiki/Altoparlante" title="Altoparlante">altoparlante</a> che può essere sentito solo da una persona, l'altoparlante di un walkie-talkie ha un volume più alto e può essere sentito da più persone nelle vicinanze. </p><p>I <a href="/wiki/Palmare" class="mw-redirect" title="Palmare">palmari</a> possono essere utilizzati per comunicare fra di loro, con stazioni fisse o montate su mezzi di trasporto. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utilizzi">Utilizzi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Utilizzi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Utilizzi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Motorola_HT1000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Motorola_HT1000.jpg/220px-Motorola_HT1000.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Motorola_HT1000.jpg/330px-Motorola_HT1000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Motorola_HT1000.jpg/440px-Motorola_HT1000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Motorola HT1000 two-way radio</figcaption></figure> <p>Walkie-talkie sono usati in ogni ambito ove è necessaria una comunicabilità portatile. Molti paesi permettono la vendita di walkie-talkie per business, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Comunicazioni_marittime&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Comunicazioni marittime (la pagina non esiste)">comunicazioni marittime</a> e alcuni usi personali limitati come <a href="/wiki/Banda_cittadina" title="Banda cittadina">radio CB</a>, come radioamatori. Presentano dimensioni ridotte grazie alla miniaturizzazione dell'<a href="/wiki/Elettronica" title="Elettronica">elettronica</a>. Possono avere funzioni come <a href="/w/index.php?title=Squelch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Squelch (la pagina non esiste)">squelch</a> ovvero <a href="/wiki/CTCSS" title="CTCSS">CTCSS</a> (squelch analogico) e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital-Coded_Squelch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital-Coded Squelch (la pagina non esiste)">Digital-Coded Squelch</a> (squelch digitale) commercializzato come "privacy codes", o funzioni di <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scrambling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scrambling (la pagina non esiste)">scrambling</a></i> e <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trunking&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trunking (la pagina non esiste)">trunking</a></i>. Alcuni dispositivi includono tastiere <a href="/wiki/DTMF" class="mw-redirect" title="DTMF">DTMF</a> per operazioni in remoto su dispositivi come <a href="/wiki/Ripetitore" title="Ripetitore">repeater</a>. Altri includono funzioni come <a href="/w/index.php?title=Voice_operated_switch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voice operated switch (la pagina non esiste)">VOX</a> e possibilità di uso a mani libere, con microfoni e altoparlanti esterni. Tipi commerciali e professionali differiscono per le caratteristiche di robustezza e dimensioni, oltre che per frequenze assegnate. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Militare">Militare</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Militare" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Militare"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sistemi moderni come il <a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/PRC-148&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/PRC-148 (la pagina non esiste)">AN/PRC-148</a> "Multiband Inter/Intra Team Radio" (<a href="/w/index.php?title=MBITR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MBITR (la pagina non esiste)">MBITR</a>) possono comunicare su bande di frequenza diverse e con modulazioni diverse e con possibilità di <a href="/wiki/Criptazione" class="mw-redirect" title="Criptazione">criptazione</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radioamatoriale">Radioamatoriale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Radioamatoriale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Radioamatoriale"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Walkie-talkies (HT o "handheld transceivers") sono usati in ambito <a href="/wiki/Radioamatore" title="Radioamatore">amatoriale</a>. In particolare marchi come <a href="/wiki/Yaesu" title="Yaesu">Yaesu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Icom_Incorporated" title="Icom Incorporated">Icom</a> e <a href="/wiki/Kenwood_Corporation" title="Kenwood Corporation">Kenwood</a> costruiscono modelli specifici a tale scopo. Tali dispositivi hanno caratteristiche specifiche tipo: </p> <ul><li>Wide-band receivers, con <a href="/wiki/Ricevitore_scanner" title="Ricevitore scanner">radio scanner</a>.</li> <li>Multiple bands; oltre alle lunghezze d'onda tipiche come <a href="/wiki/Banda_dei_2_metri" title="Banda dei 2 metri">2 m</a> o <a href="/wiki/Banda_dei_70_centimetri" title="Banda dei 70 centimetri">70 cm</a>, supportano anche diversi canali <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">UHF</a> e <a href="/wiki/VHF" class="mw-redirect" title="VHF">VHF</a>.</li> <li>Possibilità di utilizzare frequenze non "canalizzate".</li> <li>Modulazioni multiple: tipo <a href="/wiki/Modulazione_di_frequenza" title="Modulazione di frequenza">FM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modulazione_di_ampiezza" title="Modulazione di ampiezza">AM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Modulazione_a_banda_laterale_singola" title="Modulazione a banda laterale singola">SSB</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Continuous_Wave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Continuous Wave (la pagina non esiste)">CW</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> e digitali come <a href="/w/index.php?title=Radioteletype&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radioteletype (la pagina non esiste)">radioteletype</a> o <a href="/w/index.php?title=PSK31&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PSK31 (la pagina non esiste)">PSK31</a>. Alcune possono avere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terminal_Node_Controller&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terminal Node Controller (la pagina non esiste)">Terminal Node Controller</a> (TNC).</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_Smart_Technology_for_Amateur_Radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Digital Smart Technology for Amateur Radio (la pagina non esiste)">Digital Smart Technology for Amateur Radio</a> o <a href="/w/index.php?title=D-STAR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-STAR (la pagina non esiste)">D-STAR</a>. Ovvero <i>narrow bandwidth</i>, voce e messaggistica simultanea, <a href="/wiki/GPS" title="GPS">GPS</a> e altro.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personale">Personale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Personale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Personale"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Walkie-talkie ad uso personale privato si sono diffusi negli Stati Uniti con il servizio <a href="/w/index.php?title=Family_Radio_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Family Radio Service (la pagina non esiste)">Family Radio Service</a> (FRS) e similari senza licenza come l'europeo <a href="/wiki/PMR_446" title="PMR 446">PMR 446</a>, <s>utilizzabile in Italia previa presentazione di una dichiarazione di inizio attività e il pagamento di un contributo annuale presso l'ispettorato territoriale del <a href="/wiki/Ministero_dello_sviluppo_economico" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministero dello sviluppo economico">Ministero dello sviluppo economico</a>, e l'australiano <a href="/w/index.php?title=UHF_CB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UHF CB (la pagina non esiste)">UHF CB</a></s>. Il servizio FRS è utilizzato in apparecchi ludici che però svolgono anche molto bene funzioni professionali, data la loro sezione ricevente <a href="/wiki/Supereterodina" title="Supereterodina">supereterodina</a>. La liberalizzazione di alcune bande di frequenza ha portato a problemi di interferenza come accade tra FRS e <a href="/w/index.php?title=GMRS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GMRS (la pagina non esiste)">GMRS</a> negli Stati Uniti, con il risultato di un utilizzo <a href="/wiki/Pirateria_informatica" title="Pirateria informatica">pirata</a> delle frequenze GMRS. Il <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> ha dovuto riallocare frequenze per non ingenerare interferenze con utilizzatori GMRS statunitensi. Il <a href="/w/index.php?title=PMR446&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PMR446 (la pagina non esiste)">PMR446</a> cade nel mezzo della banda UHF amatoriale americana e i canali FRS americani interferiscono con servizi di sicurezza britannici. Regolamenti restrittivi richiedono antenne non removibili e ricetrasmittenti non modificabili; fa eccezione il <a href="/w/index.php?title=Multi-Use_Radio_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Multi-Use Radio Service (la pagina non esiste)">Multi-Use Radio Service</a> (MURS) statunitense. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mot_t5400.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Mot_t5400.jpg/260px-Mot_t5400.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Mot_t5400.jpg/390px-Mot_t5400.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Mot_t5400.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a><figcaption>Motorola tipo FRS con parti etichettate</figcaption></figure> <p>Radio commerciali sono spesso progettate per funzionare in banda GMRS o MURS. Anche walkie-talkie <a href="/wiki/Banda_cittadina" title="Banda cittadina">CB</a> sono disponibili, ma meno diffusi per la loro banda a 27 MHz. Le <a href="/w/index.php?title=Two-way_radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Two-way radio (la pagina non esiste)">two-way radio</a> sono spesso combinate con altri dispositivi. La serie Rino della <a href="/wiki/Garmin" title="Garmin">Garmin</a> combina un <a href="/wiki/GPS" title="GPS">GPS</a> con un FRS/GMRS walkie-talkie. Alcuni dispositivi permettono la ricezione di trasmissioni in AM/FM e segnali <a href="/w/index.php?title=NOAA_Weather_Radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NOAA Weather Radio (la pagina non esiste)">NOAA Weather Radio</a>. La potenza di uscita nei dispositivi commerciali viene spesso tralasciata e viene riportata la distanza massima di utilizzo. La maggior parte dei dispositivi opera nella banda 27 MHz e 400-500 MHz <a href="/wiki/Ultra_high_frequency" title="Ultra high frequency">UHF</a>. Alcuni dispositivi operano a 49 MHz e 900 MHz; senza licenza finché operano secondo la <a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Communications Commission">FCC</a> <i>power output rules</i>. La <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trisquare.us">TriSquare</a> ha presentato nel luglio 2007 una serie di walkie-talkie basati sulla tecnologia <a href="/wiki/Frequency-hopping_spread_spectrum" title="Frequency-hopping spread spectrum">Frequency-hopping spread spectrum</a> chiamando il servizio <a href="/w/index.php?title=EXtreme_Radio_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EXtreme Radio Service (la pagina non esiste)">eXRS</a>. Il sistema permette di avere virtualmente fino a 10 miliardi di canali, permettendo comunicazioni private tra due o più unità. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ricreativo">Ricreativo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Ricreativo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Ricreativo"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Versioni a bassa potenza per usi ludici sono funzionanti nella banda CB (<a href="/wiki/Federal_Communications_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Communications Commission">FCC</a> rules Part 95), con 100 mW in <a href="/wiki/Modulazione_di_ampiezza" title="Modulazione di ampiezza">modulazione di ampiezza</a>. Esistono anche in banda 49 MHz, alcuni in <a href="/wiki/Modulazione_di_frequenza" title="Modulazione di frequenza">modulazione di frequenza</a>, e talvolta usano un <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ricevitore_a_circuito_rigenerativo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ricevitore a circuito rigenerativo (la pagina non esiste)">ricevitore a circuito rigenerativo</a>. In taluni casi l'<a href="/wiki/Altoparlante" title="Altoparlante">altoparlante</a> svolge funzioni di <a href="/wiki/Microfono" title="Microfono">microfono</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Specialistico">Specialistico</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Specialistico" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Specialistico"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USDA_Grain_Inspection_New_Orleans_1976.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/USDA_Grain_Inspection_New_Orleans_1976.jpg/220px-USDA_Grain_Inspection_New_Orleans_1976.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/USDA_Grain_Inspection_New_Orleans_1976.jpg/330px-USDA_Grain_Inspection_New_Orleans_1976.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/USDA_Grain_Inspection_New_Orleans_1976.jpg/440px-USDA_Grain_Inspection_New_Orleans_1976.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3778" data-file-height="2550" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/USDA" class="mw-redirect" title="USDA">USDA</a> grain inspector con un walkie-talkie, <a href="/wiki/New_Orleans" title="New Orleans">New Orleans</a>, 1976.</figcaption></figure> <p>Oltre a utilizzi terrestri, walkie-talkie sono impiegati per usi marittimi in banda <a href="/wiki/VHF" class="mw-redirect" title="VHF">VHF</a> e in <a href="/wiki/Aviazione" title="Aviazione">aviazione</a>, ove l'utilizzo di sistemi fissi è impraticabile o dispendioso. Spesso questi sistemi hanno interruttori di servizio per chiamate di emergenza su canali specifici. Esistono dispositivi certificati per ambienti a rischio <a href="/wiki/Deflagrazione" title="Deflagrazione">deflagrazione</a>, con caratteristiche <a href="/wiki/ATEX" title="ATEX">ATEX</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sviluppi">Sviluppi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Sviluppi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Sviluppi"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alcuni telefoni cellulari offrono la funzione <a href="/wiki/Push_to_talk" class="mw-redirect" title="Push to talk">push to talk</a> che permette l'utilizzo come un walkie-talkie. Walkie-talkie per usi pubblici usano una parte del sistema tipo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trunked_Radio_System&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trunked Radio System (la pagina non esiste)">Trunked Radio System</a>, che alloca frequenze radio in modo automatico per utilizzare lo spettro radio in modo efficiente. Questi sistemi hanno una stazione base che funge da ripetitore e controllore, ma gli "handset" hanno la possibilità di bypassare la base. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Wolinsky-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Wolinsky_1-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal"> Howard Wolinsky, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130509025251/http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=CSTB&p_theme=cstb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0FDE48F2E4EDC43A&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM"><span style="font-style:italic;">Riding Radio Waves For 75 Years, Motorola Milestones</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">Chicago Sun Times</span>, 25 settembre 2003. <small>URL consultato il 23 marzo 2012</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=CSTB&p_theme=cstb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0FDE48F2E4EDC43A&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM">url originale</abbr> il 9 maggio 2013)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mit-2"><a href="#cite_ref-mit_2-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/invent/a-winners/a-gross.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Al Gross</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">web.mit.edu</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lemelson-MIT_Program&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lemelson-MIT Program (la pagina non esiste)">Lemelson-MIT Program</a>. <small>URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2008</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.telecomhall.ca/tour/inventors/2006/donald_l_hings/WalkieTalkie.pdf?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rls=GGLJ,GGLJ:2006-10,GGLJ:en&q=Donald+L.+Hings+">http://www.telecomhall.ca/tour/inventors/2006/donald_l_hings/WalkieTalkie.pdf?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rls=GGLJ,GGLJ:2006-10,GGLJ:en&q=Donald+L.+Hings+</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111005100211/http://www.telecomhall.ca/tour/inventors/2006/donald_l_hings/WalkieTalkie.pdf?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rls=GGLJ,GGLJ:2006-10,GGLJ:en&q=Donald+L.+Hings+">Archiviato</a> il 5 ottobre 2011 in <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.. THE VANCOUVER SUN, Friday August 17, 2001 <i>Walkie-Talkie Inventor Receives Order of Canada</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.rigpix.com/tokyohypower/ht750.htm">http://www.rigpix.com/tokyohypower/ht750.htm</a> Tokyo HyPower HT750</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.rigpix.com/mizuho/mizuho_mx2.htm">http://www.rigpix.com/mizuho/mizuho_mx2.htm</a> Mizuho MX2</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> David Onslow, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.intercomsonline.com/Articles.asp?ID=181"><span style="font-style:italic;">Two-Way Radio Success: How to Choose Two-Way Radios, Commercial Intercoms, and Other Wireless Communication Devices for Your Business</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">intercomsonline.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 24 ottobre 2008</small>.</cite></li> <li>Dunlap, Orrin E., Jr. <i>Marconi: The man and his wireless</i>. (Arno Press., New York: 1971)</li> <li>Harlow, Alvin F., <i>Old Waves and New Wires: The History of the Telegraph, Telephone, and Wireless</i>. (Appleton-Century Co., New York: 1936)</li> <li>Herrick, Clyde N., <i>Radio: Theory and Servicing</i>. (Reston Publishing Company, Inc., Virginia 1975)</li> <li>Martin, James. <i>Future Developments in Telecommunications 2nd Ed.</i>, (Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey: 1977)</li> <li>Martin, James. <i>The Wired Society</i>. (Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey: 1978)</li> <li>Silver, H. Ward. <i>Two-Way Radios and Scanners for Dummies</i>. (Wiley Publishing, Hoboken, NH, 2005, <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/9780764595820" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-7645-9582-0</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AN/PRC-6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AN/PRC-6 (la pagina non esiste)">AN/PRC-6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MOTO_Talk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MOTO Talk (la pagina non esiste)">MOTO Talk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push_to_talk" class="mw-redirect" title="Push to talk">Push to talk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Signal_Corps_Radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Signal Corps Radio (la pagina non esiste)">Signal Corps Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Survival_radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Survival radio (la pagina non esiste)">Survival radio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Two-way_radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Two-way radio (la pagina non esiste)">Two-way radio</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vehicular_communication_systems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vehicular communication systems (la pagina non esiste)">Vehicular communication systems</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Walkie-talkie"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Walkie-talkie?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Walkie-talkie?uselang=it">walkie-talkie</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Walkie-talkie&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/technology/Walkie-Talkie"><span style="font-style:italic;">Walkie-Talkie</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938319#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.scr300.org"><span style="font-style:italic;">SCR-300-A Manuale tecnico</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">scr300.org</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070814125303/http://www.gordon.army.mil/ocos/Museum/exhibits.asp"><span style="font-style:italic;">U.S. Army Signal Corp Museum</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">gordon.army.mil</span>. <small>URL consultato il 27 novembre 2012</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http://gordon.army.mil/ocos/Museum/exhibits.asp">url originale</abbr> il 14 agosto 2007)</small>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.mit.edu/invent/a-winners/a-gross.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Al Gross, <i>2000 Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award Winner</i>, developed the "walkie-talkie"</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">web.mit.edu</span>.</cite></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.retrocom.com"><span style="font-style:italic;">collezione RetroCom</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">retrocom.com</span>.</cite></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120224031541/http://www.freeinfosociety.com/electronics/schemview.php?id=1870">VHF walkie-talkie</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=36631">36631</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; 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