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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Dagiti teritorio ken dagiti rehion</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dagiti_teritorio_ken_dagiti_rehion-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dagiti teritorio ken dagiti rehion subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dagiti_teritorio_ken_dagiti_rehion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tradisional_a_panangipalawag_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tradisional_a_panangipalawag_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Tradisional a panangipalawag ti Tengnga a Daya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tradisional_a_panangipalawag_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dagiti_dadduma_pay_a_panangipalawag_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dagiti_dadduma_pay_a_panangipalawag_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Dagiti dadduma pay a panangipalawag ti Tengnga a Daya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dagiti_dadduma_pay_a_panangipalawag_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakasaritaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakasaritaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pakasaritaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakasaritaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ekonomia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ekonomia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Ekonomia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ekonomia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dagiti_nota" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dagiti_nota"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Dagiti nota</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dagiti_nota-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dagiti_nagibasaran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dagiti_nagibasaran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Dagiti nagibasaran</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Dagiti_nagibasaran-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Dagiti nagibasaran subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Dagiti_nagibasaran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dagiti_dakamat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dagiti_dakamat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Dagiti dakamat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dagiti_dakamat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sapasap" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sapasap"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Sapasap</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sapasap-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adu_pay_a_mabasbasa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adu_pay_a_mabasbasa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Adu pay a mabasbasa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adu_pay_a_mabasbasa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dagiti_akinruar_a_silpo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dagiti_akinruar_a_silpo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Dagiti akinruar a silpo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dagiti_akinruar_a_silpo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Tengnga a Daya</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 179 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-179" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">dagiti 179 a pagsasao</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midde-Ooste" title="Midde-Ooste – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Midde-Ooste" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naher_Osten" title="Naher Osten – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Naher Osten" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8A%AB%E1%8A%A8%E1%88%88%E1%8A%9B%E1%8B%8D_%E1%88%9D%E1%88%A5%E1%88%AB%E1%89%85" title="መካከለኛው ምሥራቅ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መካከለኛው ምሥራቅ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldanuortt%C3%A2" title="Aldanuorttâ – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Aldanuorttâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="मध्य पूर्व – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मध्य पूर्व" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7" title="الشرق الأوسط – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الشرق الأوسط" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orient_Meyo" title="Orient Meyo – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Orient Meyo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A1%DC%95%DC%A2%DC%9A%DC%90_%DC%A1%DC%A8%DC%A5%DC%9D%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܡܕܢܚܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܡܕܢܚܐ ܡܨܥܝܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moyen-Oriant" title="Moyen-Oriant – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Moyen-Oriant" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriente_Mediu" title="Oriente Mediu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Oriente Mediu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuarahyres%E1%BA%BD_Mbytegua" title="Kuarahyresẽ Mbytegua – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kuarahyresẽ Mbytegua" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_%C5%9E%C9%99rq" title="Orta Şərq – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Orta Şərq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82" title="اورتاشرق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اورتاشرق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="মধ্যপ্রাচ্য – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মধ্যপ্রাচ্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur_Tangah" title="Timur Tangah – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Timur Tangah" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiong-tang" title="Tiong-tang – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiong-tang" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Урта Көнсығыш – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Урта Көнсығыш" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Сярэдні Усход – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сярэдні Усход" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%8E%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Сярэдні Ўсход – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сярэдні Ўсход" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AC" title="मध्य पूरुब – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मध्य पूरुब" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tahaw_na_Sirangan" title="Tahaw na Sirangan – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tahaw na Sirangan" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Близък изток – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Близък изток" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednji_istok" title="Srednji istok – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Srednji istok" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reter-Kreiz" title="Reter-Kreiz – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Reter-Kreiz" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%94%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Дунда Дурна – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Дунда Дурна" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orient_Mitj%C3%A0" title="Orient Mitjà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Orient Mitjà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%A5%C4%95%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82%D1%83%D1%85%C4%83%C3%A7" title="Малти Хĕвелтухăç – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Малти Хĕвелтухăç" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C5%99edn%C3%AD_v%C3%BDchod" title="Střední východ – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Střední východ" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Middle East" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediu_Urienti" title="Mediu Urienti – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Mediu Urienti" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y_Dwyrain_Canol" title="Y Dwyrain Canol – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Y Dwyrain Canol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellem%C3%B8sten" title="Mellemøsten – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mellemøsten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7" title="الشرق لأوسط – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="الشرق لأوسط" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaska-nuorti" title="Gaska-nuorti – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Gaska-nuorti" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mittlerer_Osten" title="Mittlerer Osten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mittlerer Osten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="मध्य पूर्व – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="मध्य पूर्व" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4his-Ida" title="Lähis-Ida – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lähis-Ida" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AE" title="Μέση Ανατολή – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μέση Ανατολή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Middle East" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriente_Medio" title="Oriente Medio – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Oriente Medio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezoriento" title="Mezoriento – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mezoriento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orienti_Meiu" title="Orienti Meiu – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Orienti Meiu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekialde_Ertain" title="Ekialde Ertain – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ekialde Ertain" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="خاورمیانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خاورمیانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Middle East" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B0eystur" title="Miðeystur – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Miðeystur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moyen-Orient" title="Moyen-Orient – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Moyen-Orient" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midden-Easten" title="Midden-Easten – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Midden-Easten" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Me%C3%A1noirthear" title="An Meánoirthear – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Meánoirthear" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortado%C4%9Fu" title="Ortadoğu – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Ortadoğu" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Ear_Mheadhanach" title="An Ear Mheadhanach – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="An Ear Mheadhanach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriente_Medio" title="Oriente Medio – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Oriente Medio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Юкъера Малхбоале – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Юкъера Малхбоале" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%B1" title="中東 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="中東" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%BE%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83_%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%EB%8F%99" title="중동 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중동" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabas_ta_Tsakiya" title="Gabas ta Tsakiya – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Gabas ta Tsakiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%AB%D5%BB%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%87%D5%A5%D5%AC%D6%84" title="Միջին Արևելք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Միջին Արևելք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="मध्य पूर्व – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मध्य पूर्व" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednji_istok" title="Srednji istok – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Srednji istok" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mez-Oriento" title="Mez-Oriento – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mez-Oriento" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Timur Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriente_Medie" title="Oriente Medie – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Oriente Medie" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%C3%A6%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BA%C3%A6%D1%81%C3%A6%D0%BD" title="Астæуккаг Хурыскæсæн – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Астæуккаг Хурыскæсæн" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C3%B0-Austurl%C3%B6nd" title="Mið-Austurlönd – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mið-Austurlönd" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medio_Oriente" title="Medio Oriente – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Medio Oriente" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%97_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%9F" title="המזרח התיכון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המזרח התיכון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%A9tan_Tengah" title="Wétan Tengah – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wétan Tengah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moyen-Orient_t%C9%9Bt%CA%8B_wandamm" title="Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ wandamm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Moyen-Orient tɛtʋ wandamm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A7%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF_%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF" title="ಮಧ್ಯ ಪ್ರಾಚ್ಯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಧ್ಯ ಪ್ರಾಚ್ಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalibudtang_Aslagan" title="Kalibudtang Aslagan – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Kalibudtang Aslagan" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8A%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Орта Кюнчыгъыш – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Орта Кюнчыгъыш" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="შუა აღმოსავლეთი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შუა აღმოსავლეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Est_Kres" title="Est Kres – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Est Kres" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mashariki_ya_Kati" title="Mashariki ya Kati – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mashariki ya Kati" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rojhilata_Nav%C3%AEn" title="Rojhilata Navîn – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Rojhilata Navîn" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medio_Oryente" title="Medio Oryente – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Medio Oryente" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_occidentalis" title="Asia occidentalis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Asia occidentalis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuvie_Austrumi" title="Tuvie Austrumi – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tuvie Austrumi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noen_Osten" title="Noen Osten – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Noen Osten" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viduriniai_Rytai" title="Viduriniai Rytai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Viduriniai Rytai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Timur Tengah" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midde-Ooste" title="Midde-Ooste – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Midde-Ooste" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orient_Median" title="Orient Median – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Orient Median" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6zel-Kelet" title="Közel-Kelet – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Közel-Kelet" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A8mor_Tengnga" title="Tèmor Tengnga – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Tèmor Tengnga" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="nasayaat nga artikulo"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Среден Исток – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Среден Исток" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atsinanana_Afovoany" title="Atsinanana Afovoany – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Atsinanana Afovoany" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%82" title="മധ്യപൂർവദേശം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മധ്യപൂർവദേശം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waenganui_R%C4%81whiti" title="Waenganui Rāwhiti – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Waenganui Rāwhiti" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="मध्यपूर्व – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मध्यपूर्व" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7" title="الشرق الاوسط – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الشرق الاوسط" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87" title="خاورمیونه – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="خاورمیونه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur_Tengah" title="Timur Tengah – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Timur Tengah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur_Tangah" title="Timur Tangah – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Timur Tangah" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%E1%B9%B3%CC%86ng-d%C4%95%CC%A4ng" title="Dṳ̆ng-dĕ̤ng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dṳ̆ng-dĕ̤ng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9dio_Ouriente" title="Médio Ouriente – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Médio Ouriente" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B9%D1%80%D1%85_%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Ойрх Дорнод – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ойрх Дорнод" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9E" title="အရှေ့အလယ်ပိုင်းဒေသ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အရှေ့အလယ်ပိုင်းဒေသ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midden-Oosten" title="Midden-Oosten – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Midden-Oosten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midden-Oosten" title="Midden-Oosten – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Midden-Oosten" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="मध्य पूर्व – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मध्य पूर्व" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5" title="मध्य पूर्व – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मध्य पूर्व" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%B1" title="中東 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="中東" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Йуккъера Малхбале – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Йуккъера Малхбале" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Asya" title="West Asya – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="West Asya" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midt%C3%B8sten" title="Midtøsten – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Midtøsten" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midtausten" title="Midtausten – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Midtausten" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ast_du_Mitan" title="Êst du Mitan – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Êst du Mitan" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orient_Mejan" title="Orient Mejan – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Orient Mejan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/O%CA%BBrta_Sharq" title="Oʻrta Sharq – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oʻrta Sharq" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A7_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC" title="ਮੱਧ ਪੂਰਬ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੱਧ ਪੂਰਬ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%A7" title="مشرق وسطا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مشرق وسطا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medio_Oriente" title="Medio Oriente – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Medio Oriente" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%81%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%8A%DA%81" title="منځنی ختيځ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="منځنی ختيځ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migl_Iis" title="Migl Iis – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Migl Iis" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D3%A7%D1%80%D3%A7%D1%82_%D0%90%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Шӧрӧт Асыввыв – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Шӧрӧт Асыввыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%87%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%88%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%8C%E1%9E%B6" title="មជ្ឈិមបូព៌ា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="មជ្ឈិមបូព៌ា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vzin_Orient" title="Vzin Orient – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Vzin Orient" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middelste_Oosten" title="Middelste Oosten – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Middelste Oosten" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azja_Przednia" title="Azja Przednia – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Azja Przednia" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9dio_Oriente" title="Médio Oriente – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Médio Oriente" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahe_Oste" title="Nahe Oste – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Nahe Oste" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orientul_Mijlociu" title="Orientul Mijlociu – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Orientul Mijlociu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%97%D0%B9_%D0%92%D1%8B%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Середнїй Выход – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Середнїй Выход" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Средний Восток – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Средний Восток" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriente_M%C3%A8diu" title="Oriente Mèdiu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Oriente Mèdiu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Middle East" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nai_Aaste" title="Nai Aaste – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Nai Aaste" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botjhabela_Bohare" title="Botjhabela Bohare – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Botjhabela Bohare" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lindja_e_Mesme" title="Lindja e Mesme – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Lindja e Mesme" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediu_Urienti" title="Mediu Urienti – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mediu Urienti" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AF_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9C" title="මැද පෙරදිග – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මැද පෙරදිග" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Middle East" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%86_%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%80%D8%B1" title="وچ اوڀر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وچ اوڀر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stredn%C3%BD_v%C3%BDchod" title="Stredný východ – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Stredný východ" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednji_vzhod" title="Srednji vzhod – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Srednji vzhod" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bariga_Dhexe" title="Bariga Dhexe – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bariga Dhexe" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%DA%98%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ڕۆژھەڵاتی ناوین – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆژھەڵاتی ناوین" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%9A%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Средњи исток – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Средњи исток" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Srednji_istok" title="Srednji istok – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Srednji istok" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%A9tan_Tengah" title="Wétan Tengah – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Wétan Tengah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4hi-it%C3%A4" title="Lähi-itä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lähi-itä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellan%C3%B6stern" title="Mellanöstern – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mellanöstern" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gitnang_Silangan" title="Gitnang Silangan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gitnang Silangan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81" title="மத்திய கிழக்கு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மத்திய கிழக்கு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agmu%E1%B8%8D_anammas" title="Agmuḍ anammas – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Agmuḍ anammas" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asamar_alemmas" title="Asamar alemmas – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Asamar alemmas" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medie_Oriende" title="Medie Oriende – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Medie Oriende" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Урта Көнчыгыш – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Урта Көнчыгыш" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%BD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B5%E1%81%A2%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%81%A2%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A2%E1%80%BD%E1%81%B5%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87" title="ပွတ်းၵၢင်တၢင်းဢွၵ်ႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ပွတ်းၵၢင်တၢင်းဢွၵ်ႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A7%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9A%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="మధ్యప్రాచ్యం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మధ్యప్రాచ్యం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ตะวันออกกลาง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตะวันออกกลาง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_Do%C4%9Fu" title="Orta Doğu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Orta Doğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orta_G%C3%BCndogar" title="Orta Gündogar – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Orta Gündogar" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D3%9D%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Матысь Шунды ӝужан пал – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Матысь Шунды ӝужан пал" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4" title="Середній Схід – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Середній Схід" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%DB%8C" title="مشرق وسطی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مشرق وسطی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%AA%DB%87%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%B4%DB%95%D8%B1%D9%82" title="ئوتتۇرا شەرق – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئوتتۇرا شەرق" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cunghdungh_(Dieg)" title="Cunghdungh (Dieg) – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Cunghdungh (Dieg)" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8dio_Oriente" title="Mèdio Oriente – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Mèdio Oriente" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trung_%C4%90%C3%B4ng" title="Trung Đông – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Trung Đông" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4hk%C3%BC-Hummogumaa" title="Lähkü-Hummogumaa – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Lähkü-Hummogumaa" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AEtrin_Levant" title="Mîtrin Levant – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Mîtrin Levant" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%B1" title="中東 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="中東" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middn-%C3%94ostn" title="Middn-Ôostn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Middn-Ôostn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butnga_Sinirangan" title="Butnga Sinirangan – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Butnga Sinirangan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penku_gu_Diggu" title="Penku gu Diggu – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Penku gu Diggu" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C" title="中东 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="中东" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuxa-dyambu_bya_le_xikarhi" title="Vuxa-dyambu bya le xikarhi – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vuxa-dyambu bya le xikarhi" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%98%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%97" title="מיטל מזרח – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מיטל מזרח" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9D%B1" title="中東 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="中東" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocakewtena_Miyani" title="Rocakewtena Miyani – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Rocakewtena Miyani" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Midden-O%C3%B4sten" title="Midden-Oôsten – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Midden-Oôsten" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%97dor%C4%97n%C4%97%CC%84j%C4%97_R%C4%ABt%C4%81" title="Vėdorėnė̄jė Rītā – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Vėdorėnė̄jė Rītā" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C" title="中东 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="中东" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etete_Mbum-ura" title="Etete Mbum-ura – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Etete Mbum-ura" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timur_tonga" title="Timur tonga – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Timur tonga" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" 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id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ilo" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r390293">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox geography"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above heograpia" style="padding:.5em;">Tengnga a Daya</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Middle_East_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tengnga a Daya"><img alt="Tengnga a Daya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/230px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="230" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/345px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/460px-Middle_East_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="553" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Mapa ti Tengnga a Daya (berde).</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pagpagilian</th><td class="infobox-data">18</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dagiti pagsasao</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Arabiko" title="Pagsasao nga Arabiko">Arabiko</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sasao_a_Neo-Arameo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sasao a Neo-Arameo (awan ti panid)">Arameo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Armenio" title="Pagsasao nga Armenio">Armenio</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagsasao_nga_Aserbaian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagsasao nga Aserbaian (awan ti panid)">Aserbaian</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagsasao_a_Balochi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagsasao a Balochi (awan ti panid)">Balochi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Hebreo" title="Pagsasao a Hebreo">Hebreo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagsasao_a_Kurdo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagsasao a Kurdo (awan ti panid)">Kurdo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Persiano" title="Pagsasao a Persiano">Persiano</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagsasao_a_Somali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagsasao a Somali (awan ti panid)">Somali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Turko" title="Pagsasao a Turko">Turko</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dagiti sona ti oras</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2:00" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2:00">UTC+2:00</a>, <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a>:00, <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3:30" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3:30">UTC+3:30</a>, <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B4:00" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+4:00">UTC+4:00</a>, <a href="/wiki/UTC%2B4:30" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+4:30">UTC+4:30</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dagiti kadakkelan a siudad</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r398456">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkia" title="Turkia"><img alt="Turkia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ehipto" title="Ehipto"><img alt="Ehipto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a></li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a></li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak"><img alt="Irak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a></li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Ti <b>Tengnga a Daya</b> ket maysa a <a href="/wiki/Rehion" title="Rehion">rehion</a> a mangbukel ti <a href="/wiki/Akinlaud_nga_Asia" title="Akinlaud nga Asia">Akinlaud nga Asia</a> ken <a href="/wiki/Akin-abagatan_nga_Aprika" title="Akin-abagatan nga Aprika">Akin-abagatan nga Aprika</a>. Daytoy a balikas ket naipanunotan a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurosentriko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eurosentriko (awan ti panid)">Eurosentriko</a> ken inus-usar a kapadpada ti <a href="/wiki/Asideg_a_Daya" title="Asideg a Daya">Asideg a Daya</a>, iti kasumbangir iti <a href="/wiki/Adayo_a_Daya" title="Adayo a Daya">Adayo a Daya</a>. </p><p>Ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakasaritaan_iti_Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pakasaritaan iti Tengnga a Daya (awan ti panid)">pakasaritaan iti Tengnga a Daya</a> ket napetsado manipud idi taga-ugma a panawen, ken ti kadagupan ti pakasaritaanna, ti Tengnga a Daya ket sentro daytoyen kadagiti kangrunaan a pannakibiang iti lubong. Nupay kasta iti konteksto ti taga-ugma a pakasaritaan, ti balikas nga Asideg a Daya ket kadawyan a maus-usar. Ti Tengnga a Daya ket isu pay ti pakasaritaan a naggapuan kadagiti kangrunaaan a relihion a kas ti <a href="/wiki/Hudaismo" title="Hudaismo">Hudaismo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kristianidad" title="Kristianidad">Kristianidad</a>, ken <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. Ti Tengnga a Daya ket sapasap nga addaan iti maysa a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Namaga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Namaga (awan ti panid)">namaga</a> ken napudot a klima, nga addaan kadagiti nangruna a karayan a mangit-ited kadagti <a href="/wiki/Panagsibog" title="Panagsibog">panagsibog</a> tapno makasuporata iti <a href="/wiki/Agrikultura" title="Agrikultura">agrikultura</a> kadagiti limitado a luglugar. Adu kadagiti pagilian a mabirukan iti kalikmutan ti <a href="/wiki/Golpo_Persiano" title="Golpo Persiano">Golpo Persiano</a> ket addaan iti adu a reserba iti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krudo_a_lana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krudo a lana (awan ti panid)">krudo a lana</a>. Iti moderno a panawen ti Tengnga a Daya ket agtagtaginayon a maysa a managrikna a rehion ti estratehia, ekonomia, politika, kultura ken relihion. Ti maipadtu nga idadakkel ti panagrangrang-ay ti Tengnga a Daya ket agarup a 4.1% para iti 2010 ken 5.1% idi 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terminolohia">Terminolohia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Terminolohia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Terminolohia"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ti termino a "Tengnga a Daya" ket mabalin a nagtaud kadagiti tawen ti 1850 iti Britaniko nga Opisina ti India.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeaumontBlakeWagstaff198816_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeaumontBlakeWagstaff198816-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nupay kasta, daytoy ket nagbalin a kaaduan nga ammo idi ti <a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos" class="mw-redirect" title="Estados Unidos">Amerikano</a> nga estratehiko a marino a ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alfred_Thayer_Mahan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alfred Thayer Mahan (awan ti panid)">Alfred Thayer Mahan</a> ket nagusar iti termino idi 1902<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tapno "mangidesignado ti lugar a nagbaetan ti Arabia ken India".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iti las-ud ti daytoy a panawen dagiti imperio ti <a href="/wiki/Imperio_a_Britaniko" title="Imperio a Britaniko">Britaniko</a> ken <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruso_nga_Imperio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruso nga Imperio (awan ti panid)">Ruso</a> ket nagal-ala iti impluensia idiay <a href="/wiki/Tengnga_nga_Asia" title="Tengnga nga Asia">Tengnga nga Asia</a>, ti agkaribal a nagbalin nga ammo a kas ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ti_Nalatak_nga_Ay-ayam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ti Nalatak nga Ay-ayam (awan ti panid)">Ti Nalatak nga Ay-ayam</a>. Ni Mahan ket naibanagna a saan laeng a ti estratehiko a kina-importante ti rehion, ngem iti pay sentrona, ti <a href="/wiki/Golpo_Persiano" title="Golpo Persiano">Golpo Persiano</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ninagananna ti nakapalikmut a lugar ti Golpo Persiano iti Tengnga a Daya, ken kinunana a kalpasan ti <a href="/wiki/Kanal_Suez" title="Kanal Suez">Kanal Suez</a>, daytoy ti kangrunaan a pasahe para a tenglen ti Britania tapno malappedan nga agabanse dagiti Ruso idiay <a href="/w/index.php?title=Britaniko_a_Raj&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Britaniko a Raj (awan ti panid)">Britaniko nga India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Immuna nga inusar ni Mahan ti termino iti artikulona iti "The Persian Gulf and International Relations", a naipablaak idi Septiembre 1902 iti <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Review_(Londres)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Review (Londres) (awan ti panid)">National Review</a></i>, ti maysa a Britaniko a warnakan. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r374245">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p> Ti Tengnga a Daya, no amponek koma ti termino a saanko pay a nakita, iti masakbayan ket makasapulto iti bukodna a Malta, ken ti pay bukodna a Gibraltar; no saana pay a suroten dayta ket idiayto Golpo Persiano. Ti puersa ti marina ket addaan iti kalidad ken ti mobilidad a mangawit daytoy iti pribilehio kadagiti temporario a kaawan; ngem nasken a mangsapul iti tunggal maysa a senario iti operasion ti naipatakder a kuartel a pagsukatan, iti paay, ken iti kaso ti didigra, iti seguridad. Ti Marina ti Britaniko ket nasken nga addaan iti pasilidad tapno mangikonsentrado iti puersa no rumsua iti kasta a pasamak, a maipanggep iti Aden, India, ken ti Golpo Persiano.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdelson199522–23_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdelson199522–23-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Ti artikulo ni Mahan a ket naiprenta manen iti <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Times&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Times (awan ti panid)">The Times</a></i> ken sinaruno idi Oktubre dagiti 20 a serye ti artikulo a natituluan iti "The Middle Eastern Question," insurat babaen ni Apo <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignatius_Valentine_Chirol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignatius Valentine Chirol (awan ti panid)">Ignatius Valentine Chirol</a>. Iti las-ud dagitoy a serye, Ni Apo Ignatius ket pinadakkelna ti panangipalawag iti <i>Tengnga a Daya</i> tapno mairaman "dagiti rehion ti Asia a sumakop kadagiti pagbeddengan ti <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> wenno dagiti pagserrekan ti India."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdelson199524_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdelson199524-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kalpasan ti panagpatingga dagiti serye idi 1903, ti <i>The Times</i> ket inikkatna dagiti marka ti insasao manipud kadagiti simmaruno a panagusar iti termino.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdelson199526_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdelson199526-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aginggana idi <a href="/wiki/Sangalubongan_a_Gubat_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangalubongan a Gubat II">Sangalubongan a Gubat II</a>, daytoy ket kustomario a mangibaga iti lugar iti likmut ti <a href="/wiki/Turkia" title="Turkia">Turkia</a> ken ti akindaya nga aplaya ti Mediteraneo a kas ti "<a href="/wiki/Asideg_a_Daya" title="Asideg a Daya">Asideg a Daya</a>", bayat a ti "<a href="/wiki/Adayo_a_Daya" title="Adayo a Daya">Adayo a Daya</a>" a naisentro iti <a href="/wiki/Tsina" title="Tsina">Tsina</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-davison_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davison-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ken ti Tengnga a Daya ket kaibuksilanna idi ti lugar manipud iti <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> aginggana idiay <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a>, kadagiti lugar a nagbaetan ti Asideg a Daya ken ti Adayo a Daya. Idi naladaw a tawtawen ti 1930, dagiti Britaniko ket nangipatakder ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilin_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilin ti Tengnga a Daya (awan ti panid)">Bilin ti Tengnga a Daya</a>, a naikuartel idi idiay <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, para kadagiti puersana iti militar iti dayta a rehion. Kalpasan iti dayta a panawen, ti termino a "Tengnga a Daya" ket nakagun-od iti ad-adu a panagusar idiay Europa ken idiay Estados Unidos, a ti napundar nga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Instituto_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instituto ti Tengnga a Daya (awan ti panid)">Instituto ti Tengnga a Daya</a> idiay <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> idi 1946, ket maysa kadagiti dadduma pay a panagusar.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kritisismo_ken_panagusar">Kritisismo ken panagusar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Kritisismo ken panagusar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kritisismo ken panagusar"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Middle_East.ogv/220px--Middle_East.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="165" data-durationhint="805" data-mwtitle="Middle_East.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Papeles:Middle_East.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Middle_East.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="400" data-height="300" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Middle_East.ogv/Middle_East.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="400" data-height="300" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Middle_East.ogv/Middle_East.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="192" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/44/Middle_East.ogv/Middle_East.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="320" data-height="240" /></video></span><figcaption>Ti Amerikano a pelikula idi 1957 a maipanggep iti Tengnga a Daya</figcaption></figure> <p>Ti termino a <i>Tengnga a Daya</i> ket nauyawen a kas nalawag nga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurosentriko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eurosentriko (awan ti panid)">Eurosentriko</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iti kontemporaneo nga akademiko ken midia iti pagsasao nga Ingles, ti termino ket inus-usar babaen dagiti Europeano ken saan nga Europeano. </p><p>Ti deskripsion a <i>Tengnga</i> ket nakaiturongan kadagiti dadduma a pannakaallilaw kadagiti agbalbaliw a panangipalawag. Sakbay ti <a href="/wiki/Sangalubongan_a_Gubat_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangalubongan a Gubat I">Umuna a Gubat ti Sangalubongan</a>, ti "Asideg a Daya" ket inus-usar idi iti Ingles a mangibaga ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Balkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balkan (awan ti panid)">Balkan</a> ken ti <a href="/wiki/Otomano_nga_Imperio" class="mw-redirect" title="Otomano nga Imperio">Otomano nga Imperio</a>, bayat a ti "Tengnga a Daya" ket mangibagbaga iti <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaukaso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaukaso (awan ti panid)">Kaukaso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apganistan" title="Apganistan">Apganistan</a>, Sentral nga Asia, ken ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkestan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkestan (awan ti panid)">Turkestan</a>. Iti pannakaigiddiat, ti "Adayo a Daya" ket mangibagbaga kadagiti pagilian ti <a href="/wiki/Daya_nga_Asia" title="Daya nga Asia">Daya nga Asia</a> (kas ti <a href="/wiki/Tsina" title="Tsina">Tsina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hapon" title="Hapon">Hapon</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Formosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Formosa (awan ti panid)">Formosa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Korea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Korea (awan ti panid)">Korea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>, kdpy.) </p><p>Iti pannakaawanen ti Otomano nga Imperio idi 1918, ti "Asideg a Daya" ket kaaduanen a saan a naus-usar iti Ingles, bayat a ti "Tengnga a Daya" ket nagbalinen a naipakpakat kadagiti runrumsua manen a pagilian iti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamiko_a_lubong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamiko a lubong (awan ti panid)">Islamiko a lubong</a>. Nupay kasta, ti panagusar iti "Asideg a Daya" ket natalinaay idi babaen dagiti nadumaduma a a disiplina ti akademia, a mairaman iti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arkeolohia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arkeolohia (awan ti panid)">arkeolohia</a> ken <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taga-ugma_a_pakasaritaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taga-ugma a pakasaritaan (awan ti panid)">taga-ugma a pakasaritaan</a>, a mangipalawag ti maysa a lugar a kapada ti termino iti <i>Tengnga a Daya</i>, a saan nga inus-usar babaen dagitoy a disiplina (kitaen ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Taga-ugma_nga_Asideg_a_Daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taga-ugma nga Asideg a Daya (awan ti panid)">Taga-ugma nga Asideg a Daya</a>). </p><p>Ti immmuna nga opisial a panagusar ti termino a "Tengnga a Daya" babaen ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pederal_a_Gobierno_ti_Estados_Unidos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pederal a Gobierno ti Estados Unidos (awan ti panid)">gobierno ti Estados Unidos</a> ket idi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Doktrina_Eisenhower&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Doktrina Eisenhower (awan ti panid)">Doktrina Eisenhower</a> idi 1957, a nanginaig iti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Didigra_ti_Suez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Didigra ti Suez (awan ti panid)">Didigra ti Suez</a>. Inpalawag ni Sekretario ti Estado <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Foster_Dulles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Foster Dulles (awan ti panid)">John Foster Dulles</a> ti Tengnga a Daya a kas "ti lugar a naisanglad iti nagbaetan ken mairaman ti <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> iti laud ken ti <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> iti daya, ti <a href="/wiki/Siria" title="Siria">Siria</a> ken <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> iti amianan ken ti Arabiano a peninsula iti abagatan, ken maipatinayon pay ti <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> ken <a href="/wiki/Etiopia" title="Etiopia">Etiopia</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-davison_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davison-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Idi 1958, ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Departamento_ti_Estado_ti_Estados_Unidos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Departamento ti Estado ti Estados Unidos (awan ti panid)">Departamento ti Estado</a> ket inpalawagna dagiti termino ti "Asideg a Daya" ken "Tengnga a Daya" ket mabalin a pagsinnukaten dagitoy, ken impalawagna ti rehion a kas mangiraman laeng ti <a href="/wiki/Ehipto" title="Ehipto">Ehipto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siria" title="Siria">Siria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hordania" title="Hordania">Hordania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>, ken <a href="/wiki/Katar" title="Katar">Katar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ti libro ti estilo ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Associated_Press&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Associated Press (awan ti panid)">Associated Press</a> ket imbagbagana ti Asideg a Daya a dati a nangibagbaga kadagiti ad-adayo a laud a pagilian bayat a ti Tengnga a Daya ket mangibagbaga kadagiti akindaya, ngem itan ket agpapada dagitoyen. Mangibagbaga nga: </p> <blockquote><p>Usaren ti <i>Middle East</i> malaksid no ti <i>Near East</i> ket inusar babaen ti taudan ti istoria. Ti <i>Mideast</i> ket mabalin pay a maawat, ngem ti <i>Middle East</i> ket kaykayat.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Iti <a href="/wiki/Nagkaykaysa_a_Pagpagilian" class="mw-redirect" title="Nagkaykaysa a Pagpagilian">Nagkaykaysa a Pagpagilian</a>, dagiti nadumaduma a dokumento ken dagiti resolusion a maipanggep iti Tengnga a Daya ket iti kinapudno ket maipanggp iti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suppiat_ti_Arabo%E2%80%93Israeli&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suppiat ti Arabo–Israeli (awan ti panid)">Suppiat ti Arabo–Israeli</a>, a naisangayan ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Suppiat_ti_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suppiat ti Israeli–Palestina (awan ti panid)">suppiat ti Israeli–Palestina</a>, ken, isu a dagitoy dagiti uppat nga estado ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lebante&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lebante (awan ti panid)">Lebante</a>. Ti termino nga Asideg a Daya ket sagpaminsan a mangmangeg idiay Nagkaykaysa a Pagpagilian a mangibagbaga iti daytoy a rehion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dagiti_patarus">Dagiti patarus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Dagiti patarus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Dagiti patarus"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Adda met dagiti kapada a termino iti <i>Asideg a Daya</i> ken <i>Tengnga a Daya</i> kadagiti sabali a pagsasao ti Europa, ngem gapu ta daytoy ket relatibo a deskripsion, dagiti kaibuksilan ket depende iti pagilian ken sapasap a sabali dagitoy manipud iti Ingles a termino. Iti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Aleman" title="Pagsasao nga Aleman">Aleman</a> ti termino a <i><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naher_Osten" class="extiw" title="de:Naher Osten">Naher Osten</a></i> (Asideg a Dayat) ket kadawyan pay laeng a maus-usar (ita nga aldaw ti termino a <i>Mittlerer Osten</i> ket umad-adun a termino kadagiti teksto ti warnakan a naipatarus manipud kadagiti Ingles, ngem adda met iti naisangayan a kaibuksilan) ken iti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Ruso" title="Pagsasao a Ruso">Ruso</a> ti <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="ru:Ближний Восток">Ближний Восток</a> wenno <i>Blizhniy Vostok</i>, ti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Bulgaro" title="Pagsasao a Bulgaro">Bulgaro</a> ti <a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA_%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="bg:Близък Изток">Близкия Изток</a>, ti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Polako" title="Pagsasao a Polako">Polako</a> ti <i><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bliski_Wsch%C3%B3d" class="extiw" title="pl:Bliski Wschód">Bliski Wschód</a></i> wenno ti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Kroata" title="Pagsasao a Kroata">Kroata</a> ti <i><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bliski_istok" class="extiw" title="hr:Bliski istok">Bliski istok</a></i> (a ti kaibuksilan ket <i>Asideg a Daya</i> kadagiti amin nga uppat nga Eslobako a pagsasao) ket agtaltalinaay a kas ti maitunos a termino para iti rehion. Nupay kasta, adda met dagiti pagsasao nga awan kapada iti "tengnga a Daya", kas ti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Pranses" title="Pagsasao a Pranses">Pranses</a> ti <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moyen-Orient" class="extiw" title="fr:Moyen-Orient">Moyen-Orient</a>, ti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Sueko" title="Pagsasao a Sueko">Sueko</a> ti <a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellan%C3%B6stern" class="extiw" title="sv:Mellanöstern">Mellanöstern</a>, ti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Espaniol" title="Pagsasao nga Espaniol">Espaniol</a> ti <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oriente_Medio" class="extiw" title="es:Oriente Medio">Oriente Medio wenno Medio Oriente</a>, ken ti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Italiano" title="Pagsasao nga Italiano">Italiano</a> ti <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medio_Oriente" class="extiw" title="it:Medio Oriente">Medio Oriente</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Baka mabalin a gapu ti impluensia iti Akinlaud a warnakan, ti Arabiko a kapada ti <i>Tengnga a Daya</i> (Arabiko: الشرق الأوسط <i>ash-Sharq al-Awsaṭ</i>), ket nagbalinen a pagalagadan a panagusar iti kaaduan a warnakan nga Arabiko, ken mangibagbaga iti isu met laengen a kaibuksilan a kas ti termino iti "Tengnga a Daya" iti panagusar idiay Amianan nga Amerika ken Akinlaud nga Europa. Ti pananginagan iti <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mashriq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mashriq (awan ti panid)">Mashriq</a></i>, manipud pay iti ramut nga Arabiko para iti <i>daya</i>, ket mangibaga pay kadagiti nadumaduma a naipalawag a rehion iti likmut ti Lebante, ti akindaya a paset ti agsasao iti Arabiko a lubong (a maigiddiat iti <i><a href="/wiki/Maghreb" class="mw-redirect" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a></i>, ti akinlaud a paset).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ti <a href="/wiki/Pagsasao_a_Persiano" title="Pagsasao a Persiano">Persiano</a> a kapada para iti Tengnga a Daya ket ti خاورمیانه (<i>Khāvar-e miyāneh</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dagiti_teritorio_ken_dagiti_rehion">Dagiti teritorio ken dagiti rehion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Dagiti teritorio ken dagiti rehion" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Dagiti teritorio ken dagiti rehion"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tradisional_a_panangipalawag_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya">Tradisional a panangipalawag ti Tengnga a Daya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Tradisional a panangipalawag ti Tengnga a Daya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Tradisional a panangipalawag ti Tengnga a Daya"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dagiti sumaganad a pagilian ket tradisional a mairaman iti uneg ti Tengnga a Daya: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ehipto" title="Ehipto">Ehipto</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a> kakuyogna ti autonomo a <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iraki_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iraki Kurdistan (awan ti panid)">Kurdistan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Hordania" title="Hordania">Hordania</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estado_iti_Palestina" class="mw-redirect" title="Estado iti Palestina">Estado ti Palestina</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Katar" title="Katar">Katar</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Siria" title="Siria">Siria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkia" title="Turkia">Turkia</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Dagiti_Nagkaykaysa_nga_Emirato_nga_Arabo" title="Dagiti Nagkaykaysa nga Emirato nga Arabo">Dagiti Nagkaykaysa nga Emirato nga Arabo</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dagiti_dadduma_pay_a_panangipalawag_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya">Dagiti dadduma pay a panangipalawag ti Tengnga a Daya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Dagiti dadduma pay a panangipalawag ti Tengnga a Daya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Dagiti dadduma pay a panangipalawag ti Tengnga a Daya"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dagiti nadumaduma a konsepto ket masansan a maipadpada iti Tengnga a Daya, ti kaaduan ket ti Asideg a Daya, ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nalames_nga_Immindayon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nalames nga Immindayon (awan ti panid)">Nalames nga Immindayon</a> ken ti Lebante. ti Asideg a Daya, Lebante ken ti Nalames nga Immindayon ket dagiti heograpiko a konsepto, ken dagitoy ket mangibagbaga kadagiti dakkel a paset ti moderno a a Tengnga a Daya, a ti Asideg a Daya ti kaasitgan iti Tengnga a Daya iti heograpiko a kaibuksilanna. </p><p>Dagiti pagilian ti <a href="/wiki/Abagatan_a_Kaukaso" class="mw-redirect" title="Abagatan a Kaukaso">Abagatan a Kaukaso</a>—<a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>, ken <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(pagilian)" title="Georgia (pagilian)">Georgia</a>—ket sagpaminsan a mairamraman kadagiti panangipalawag iti Tengnga a Dayat.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalatakan_a_Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalatakan a Tengnga a Daya (awan ti panid)">Kalatakan a Tengnga a Daya</a> ket ti maysa a maipatinayon nga Eurosentriko a konsepto,naipayammo daytoy idiay Laud kadagidi tawen ti 1990,ken mangibagbaga kadagiti kaaduan nga Islamiko a rehion ti Amianan nga Aprika, Akinlaud nga Asia ken Sentral nga Asia; nupay kasta ti panagusar ti "Kalatakan a Tengnga a Daya" ket marginal ken saan unayen a maus-usar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pakasaritaan">Pakasaritaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Pakasaritaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Pakasaritaan"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r374240">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Nangruna nga artikulo: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakasaritaan_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pakasaritaan ti Tengnga a Daya (awan ti panid)">Pakasaritaan ti Tengnga a Daya</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Jerusalem_kotel_mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Jerusalem_kotel_mosque.jpg/170px-Jerusalem_kotel_mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Jerusalem_kotel_mosque.jpg/255px-Jerusalem_kotel_mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Jerusalem_kotel_mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="270" data-file-height="359" /></a><figcaption>Ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bantay_Templo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bantay Templo (awan ti panid)">Bantay Templo</a> idiay <a href="/wiki/Herusalem" title="Herusalem">Herusalem</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg/220px-Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg/330px-Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg/440px-Kaaba_mirror_edit_jj.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaaba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaaba (awan ti panid)">Kaaba</a>, a mabirukan idiay <a href="/wiki/Meka" title="Meka">Meka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Ti Tengnga a Daya ket mabirukan idiay pagsabtan ti <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a> ken <a href="/wiki/Aprika" title="Aprika">Aprika</a> ken ti <a href="/wiki/Baybay_Mediteraneo" title="Baybay Mediteraneo">Baybay Mediteraneo</a> ken ti <a href="/wiki/Taaw_Indiano" title="Taaw Indiano">Taaw Indiano</a>.Daytoy ti nakaipasngayan ken ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Espiritualidad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Espiritualidad (awan ti panid)">espiritual</a> a sentro dagiti relihion a kas ti <a href="/wiki/Kristianidad" title="Kristianidad">Kristianidad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hudaism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hudaism (awan ti panid)">Hudaism</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manikueismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manikueismo (awan ti panid)">Manikueismo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yezidi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yezidi (awan ti panid)">Yezidi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drusos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drusos (awan ti panid)">Drusos</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yaresanismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yaresanismo (awan ti panid)">Yaresanismo</a> ken <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mandeismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mandeismo (awan ti panid)">Mandeismo</a>, ken idiay Iran, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitraismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitraismo (awan ti panid)">Mitraismo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soroastrianism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soroastrianism (awan ti panid)">Soroastrianism</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manikueismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manikueismo (awan ti panid)">Manikueismo</a>, ken ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahaismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahaismo (awan ti panid)">Bahaismo</a>. Iti amin a paset ti pakasaritaanna ti Tengnga a Daya ket nangrunan a sentro dagiti banag iti lubong; ti estratehia, ekonomia, politika, kultura, ken relihioso. </p><p>Dagiti kasapaan a sibilisasion iti lubong, ti Mesopotamia (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sumer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sumer (awan ti panid)">Sumer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akadio_nga_Imperio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akadio nga Imperio (awan ti panid)">Akadio</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asiria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asiria (awan ti panid)">Asiria</a> ken <a href="/w/index.php?title=Babilonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babilonia (awan ti panid)">Babilonia</a>) ken ti <a href="/wiki/Taga-ugma_nga_Ehipto" title="Taga-ugma nga Ehipto">taga-ugma nga Ehipto</a>, ket nagtaud manipud iti Nalames nga Immindayon ken dagiti rehion ti Ginget ti <a href="/wiki/Nilo" title="Nilo">Nilo</a> iti taga-ugma nga Asideg a Daya. Dagitoy ket sinaruno pay babaen dagiti sibilisasion ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hititas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hititas (awan ti panid)">Hititas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tattao_a_Griego&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tattao a Griego (awan ti panid)">Griego</a> ken <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagsasao_nga_Urartia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagsasao nga Urartia (awan ti panid)">Urartia</a> ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asia_Menor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asia Menor (awan ti panid)">Asia Menor</a>, ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Elam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elam (awan ti panid)">Elam</a> iti sakbay ti Irani a Persia, ken dagiti pay sibilisasion ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakasaritaan_ti_Lebante&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pakasaritaan ti Lebante (awan ti panid)">Lebante</a> (a kas ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ebla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ebla (awan ti panid)">Ebla</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ugarit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ugarit (awan ti panid)">Ugarit</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Canaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canaan (awan ti panid)">Canaan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aram_(biblikal_a_rehion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aram (biblikal a rehion (awan ti panid)">Aramea</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penisia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penisia (awan ti panid)">Penisia</a> ken Israel), dagiti sibilisasion ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakasaritaan_ti_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pakasaritaan ti Iran (awan ti panid)">Persiano</a> ken <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mediana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mediana (awan ti panid)">Mediana</a> idiay Iran, ti <a href="/wiki/Amianan_nga_Aprika" title="Amianan nga Aprika">Amianan nga Aprika</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kartago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kartago (awan ti panid)">Kartago</a>/Penisia) ken ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiano_a_Peninsula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabiano a Peninsula (awan ti panid)">Arabiano a Peninsula</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Magan_(sibilisasion)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magan (sibilisasion) (awan ti panid)">Magan</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagarian_ti_Saba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagarian ti Saba (awan ti panid)">Saba</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siudad_dagiti_pilares&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siudad dagiti pilares (awan ti panid)">Ubar</a>). Ti Asideg a Daya ket immuna idi a kaaduan a naikaykaysa babaen ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo_Asiriano_nga_Imperio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo Asiriano nga Imperio (awan ti panid)">Neo Asiriano nga Imperio</a>, kalpasanna ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akuemenidad_nga_Imperio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akuemenidad nga Imperio (awan ti panid)">Akuemenidad nga Imperio</a> ken kalpasanna sinaruno ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masedonia_nga_Imperio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masedonia nga Imperio (awan ti panid)">Masedonia nga Imperio</a> ken kalpasan daytoy iti bassit babaen dagiti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pakasaritaan_ti_Iran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pakasaritaan ti Iran (awan ti panid)">imperio ti Iran</a> (ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parto_nga_Imperio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parto nga Imperio (awan ti panid)">Parto</a> ken dagiti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sasanida_nga_Imperio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sasanida nga Imperio (awan ti panid)">Sasanida nga Imperio</a>), ti <a href="/wiki/Romano_nga_Imperio" class="mw-redirect" title="Romano nga Imperio">Romano nga Imperio</a> ken ti <a href="/wiki/Bisantino_nga_Imperio" class="mw-redirect" title="Bisantino nga Imperio">Bisantino nga Imperio</a>. Nupay kasta, dagitinto naududi a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalipato&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalipato (awan ti panid)">Arabo a Kalipato</a> ti <a href="/wiki/Tengnga_a_Panpanawen" title="Tengnga a Panpanawen">Tengnga a Panpanawen</a>, wenno <a href="/w/index.php?title=Islamiko_a_Nabalitokan_a_Panawen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islamiko a Nabalitokan a Panawen (awan ti panid)">Islamiko a Nabalitokan a Panawen</a> a nagrugi iti panagrukma ti rehion ti Arabo idi maika-7 a silo AD, daytanto ti umuna a panangikaykaysa ti Tengnga a Daya a kas naisangayan a rehion ken agpartuat iti naturay nga <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islamiko</a> nga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tattao_nga_Arabo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tattao nga Arabo (awan ti panid)">identidad ti etniko</a> a kaaduan (ngem saan nga eksklusibo) nga adda ita nga aldaw. Dagiti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tattao_a_Mongol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tattao a Mongol (awan ti panid)">Mongol</a>, dagiti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tattao_a_Turko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tattao a Turko (awan ti panid)">Turko</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Selyusida_nga_Imperio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selyusida nga Imperio (awan ti panid)">Selyusida</a> ken dagiti Otomano nga Imperio, dagiti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sapabida_a_Dinastia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sapabida a Dinastia (awan ti panid)">Sapabida</a> ken ti Britaniko nga Imperio ket kanungpalan pay a nangituray iti rehion. </p><p>Ti moderno a Tengnga a Daya ket nangrugi kalpasan ti <a href="/wiki/Sangalubongan_a_Gubat_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangalubongan a Gubat I">Sangalubongan a Gubat I</a>, idi ti Otomano nga Imperio, a kimmaddua idi iti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sentral_a_Bilbileg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sentral a Bilbileg (awan ti panid)">Sentral a Bilbileg</a>, ket inabak idi babaen ti Britaniko nga Imperio ken dagiti kaduada ken ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pannakabingay_ti_Otomano_nga_Imperio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pannakabingay ti Otomano nga Imperio (awan ti panid)">nabingay</a> kadagiti nadumaduma a naisinsina a pagilian, iti immuna babaen dagiti Bilin ti Britania ken Pransia. Dagiti sabali pay a nangsikko a paspasamak ket mairaman ti pannakabangon ti Israel idi 1948 ken ti kanungpalan nga ipapanaw dagiti bileg ti Europa, a naisangayan ti <a href="/wiki/Nagkaykaysa_a_Pagarian" title="Nagkaykaysa a Pagarian">Nagkaykaysa a Pagarian</a> ken <a href="/wiki/Pransia" title="Pransia">Pransia</a> babaen idi patingga ti tawtawen ti 1960. Dagitoy ket nabaliwan bassit babaen ti dimmakdakkel nga impluensia ti Estados Unidos manipud dagiti tawtawen ti 1970 ken ti masakbayan. </p><p>Idi maika-20 a siglo, ti adu a penpen ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krudo_a_lana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krudo a lana (awan ti panid)">krudo a lana</a> ti rehion ket nakaited daytoy iti baro a kinapangruna iti estratehia ken ekonomia. Ti adu a panagpataud ti lana ket nangrugi idi 1945, a ti Saudi Arabia, Iran, Kuwait, Irak, ken ti <a href="/wiki/Dagiti_Nagkaykaysa_nga_Emirato_nga_Arabo" title="Dagiti Nagkaykaysa nga Emirato nga Arabo">Nagkaykaysa nga Emirato nga Arabo</a> ket addaan kadagiti adu a kantidad iti lana.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dagiti nakarkulo a reserba ti lana, a naipangpangruna idiay Saudi Arabia ken Iran, ket isu dagitoy ti kaaduan iti lubong, ken ti internasional a kartel ti lana ti <a href="/wiki/OPEC" class="mw-redirect" title="OPEC">OPEC</a> ket inturayan babaen dagiti pagilian ti Tengnga a Daya. </p><p>Idi lasud ti Nalamiss a Gubat, ti Tengnga a Daya ket teatro idi ti ideolohikal a salisal a nagabetan dagiti dua a nalatak a bileg ken dagiti kumaduaanda: ti <a href="/wiki/NATO" class="mw-redirect" title="NATO">NATO</a> ken ti Estados Unidos iti maysa a bangir, ken ti <a href="/wiki/Kappon_ti_Sobiet" title="Kappon ti Sobiet">Kappon ti Sobiet</a> ken ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Warsaw_Pact&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Warsaw Pact (awan ti panid)">Warsaw Pact</a> iti sabali, ket nagsasalisalda iti impluensia dagiti kumaduaan iti rehion. Malaksid kadagiti politikal a rason adda pay ti "ideolohikal a suppiat" a nagbaetan dagiti dua a sistema. Iti pay maipatinayon, a kas insupsuppiat babaen ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louise_Fawcett&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louise Fawcett (awan ti panid)">Louise Fawcett</a>, kadagiti adu a nangruna a banag iti suppiatan, wenno mabalin nga ad-adu a napudno iti gagar, ket dagidi immuna, dagiti ganetget dagiti nalatak a bileg ti pannakagun-od iti estratehiko a panangatiw iti rehion, ti maiakdua, ti kinapudno a ti rehion ket aglaon kadagiti dua a pagkatlo dagiti reserba ti lana iti lubong ket nagbalbalinenn a nangruna iti ekonomia iti Akinlaud a lubong […]<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Iti uneg daytoy a batayan iti konteksto, ti Estados Unidos ket nagsapul a nangilingay ti Arabo a lubong manipud iti impluensia ti Sobiet. Kadagiti amin a paset ti panawen ti maiak-20 ken maiak-21 a sigsiglo, ti rehion ket nakasanay kadagiti paset ti panawen iti relatibo a kappia ken panagibtur ken dagiti paset ti panawen iti suppiat a naisangayan iti nagabetan dagiti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sunni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sunni (awan ti panid)">Sunni</a> ken dagiti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shiite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shiite (awan ti panid)">Shiite</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ekonomia">Ekonomia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Ekonomia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Ekonomia"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r374240"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Nangruna nga artikulo: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomia_ti_Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomia ti Tengnga a Daya (awan ti panid)">Ekonomia ti Tengnga a Daya</a></div> <p>Dagiti ekonomia ti Tengnga a Daya sumakop manipud iti napanglaw unay (a kas ti Gaza ken Yemen) aginggana kadagiti nabaknang unay a pagilian (a kas ti Katar ken UAE). Iti amin-amin, manipud idi 2007, segun ti CIA World Factbook, amin a pagilian idiay Tengnga a Daya ket mangitartaripato iti positibo a gatad iti idudur-as. </p><p>Segun dagiti database ti <i>Panangipakita ti Panagdur-as iti Lubong</i> ti <a href="/wiki/Banko_ti_Lubong" title="Banko ti Lubong">Banko ti Lubong</a> a naipablaak idi Hulio 1, 2009, dagiti tallo a kadakkelan nga ekonomia ti Tengnga a Daya idi 2008ket ti Turkia ($794,228,000,000), Saudi Arabia ($467,601,000,000) ken Iran ($385,143,000,000) kadagiti termino ti <a href="/wiki/Listaan_dagiti_pagilian_babaen_ti_GDP_(nominal)" title="Listaan dagiti pagilian babaen ti GDP (nominal)">Nominal a GDP</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WB-GDP-Nominal_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WB-GDP-Nominal-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No maigapu iti nominal a GDP iti tunggal maysa a tao, dagiti kangatuan a nairanggo a pagilian ket ti Katar ($93,204), ti UAE ($55,028), Kuwait ($45,920) ken Cyprus ($32,745).<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ti Turkia ($1,028,897,000,000), Iran ($839,438,000,000) ken Saudi Arabia ($589,531,000,000) ket addaan kadagiti kadakkelan nga eknomia kadagiti termino iti <a href="/wiki/Listaan_dagiti_pagilian_babaen_ti_GDP_(PPP)" title="Listaan dagiti pagilian babaen ti GDP (PPP)">GDP-PPP</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WB-GDP-PPP_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WB-GDP-PPP-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> No maibatay iti tunggal maysa a tao a matgedan a naibatay iti (PPP), dagiti kangatuan a nairanggo a pagilian ket ti Katar ($86,008), Kuwait ($39,915), ti UAE ($38,894), Bahrain ($34,662) ken Cyprus ($29,853). Dagiti kababaan a nairanggo a pagilian idiay Tengnga a Daya, kadagiti termino ti matgedan ti tunggal maysa a tao (PPP), ket ti autonomo a Turay ti Palestina ti Gaza ken ti West Bank ($1,100). </p><p>Ti estruktura ti ekonomia dagti pagilian ti Tengnga a Daya ket ketmaigiddiat iti kapanunotan a bayat nga adda met dagiti pagilian nga agdepdepende kadagiti produkto a mainaig iti lana (kas ti Saudi Arabia, ti UAE ken Kuwait), dagiti dadduma ket addaan iti dibersio a batayan ti ekonomia (kas ti Cyprus, Israel, Turkia ken Ehipto). Dagiti industria ti rehion ti Tengnga a Daya Middle ket mairaman ti lana ken dagiti produkto a mainaig iti lana, agrikultura, kapas, baka, kagatasan, abel, dagiti produkto ti lalat, dagiti instrumento ti siruhia, alikamen iti depensa (dagiti paltog,bala, tangtangke, dagiti submarino, dagiti pakilaban nga eroplano, dagiti UAV, ken dagiti misil). Ti panagibanko ket nangruna pay a sektor dagiti ekonomia, a naipangpangruna kadagiti kaso ti UAE ken Bahrain. </p><p>Malaksid ti Cyprus, Turkia, Ehipto, Lebanon ken Israel, ti turismo ket saan unay a nadur-as a lugar ti ekonomia, gapu ti kasasaad ti sosial a konserbatibo iti rehion ket ti pay politikal a riribok kadagiti dadduma arehion iti Tengnga a Daya. Kadagiti naudi a tawen, nupay kasta, dagiti pagilian a kas ti UAE, Bahrain, ken Hordania ket nangrugrugin a mangawis kadagiti ad-adu a bilang dagiti turista gapu ti pannakapasayaat dagiti pasilidad ti turista ken dagiti panangipalag-an dagiti makagawid nga annuroten a mainaig iti turismo. </p><p>Adu dagiti awan trabaho idiay rehion ti Tengnga a Daya ken Amianan nga Aprika, a naisangayan dagiti ubbing nga agtawen iti 15–29, ti demograpia a mangirepresenta ti 30% iti dagup a populasion ti rehion. Ti dagup a gatad dagiti awan ti trabaho iti rehion idi 2005, segun ti <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Labor_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Labor Organization (awan ti panid)">International Labor Organization</a>, ket 13.2%,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ken kadagiti ubbing ket nangatngato a kas 25%,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aginggana ti 37% idiay <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> ken 73% idiay <a href="/wiki/Siria" title="Siria">Siria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Haifa_street,_as_seen_from_the_medical_city_hospital_across_the_tigres.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Baghdad – Irak"><img alt="Baghdad – Irak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Haifa_street%2C_as_seen_from_the_medical_city_hospital_across_the_tigres.jpg/120px-Haifa_street%2C_as_seen_from_the_medical_city_hospital_across_the_tigres.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Haifa_street%2C_as_seen_from_the_medical_city_hospital_across_the_tigres.jpg/180px-Haifa_street%2C_as_seen_from_the_medical_city_hospital_across_the_tigres.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Haifa_street%2C_as_seen_from_the_medical_city_hospital_across_the_tigres.jpg/240px-Haifa_street%2C_as_seen_from_the_medical_city_hospital_across_the_tigres.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="1224" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> – Irak</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Zaitunay_Bay,_Downtown_Beirut,_Lebanon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beirut – Lebanon"><img alt="Beirut – Lebanon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Zaitunay_Bay%2C_Downtown_Beirut%2C_Lebanon.jpg/120px-Zaitunay_Bay%2C_Downtown_Beirut%2C_Lebanon.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Zaitunay_Bay%2C_Downtown_Beirut%2C_Lebanon.jpg/180px-Zaitunay_Bay%2C_Downtown_Beirut%2C_Lebanon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Zaitunay_Bay%2C_Downtown_Beirut%2C_Lebanon.jpg/240px-Zaitunay_Bay%2C_Downtown_Beirut%2C_Lebanon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3866" data-file-height="2578" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a> – Lebanon</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Cairo_by_night.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cairo – Ehipto"><img alt="Cairo – Ehipto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Cairo_by_night.jpg/120px-Cairo_by_night.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Cairo_by_night.jpg/180px-Cairo_by_night.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Cairo_by_night.jpg/240px-Cairo_by_night.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="531" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a> – Ehipto</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Barada_river_in_Damascus_(April_2009).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Damascus – Siria"><img alt="Damascus – Siria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Barada_river_in_Damascus_%28April_2009%29.jpg/90px-Barada_river_in_Damascus_%28April_2009%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Barada_river_in_Damascus_%28April_2009%29.jpg/135px-Barada_river_in_Damascus_%28April_2009%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Barada_river_in_Damascus_%28April_2009%29.jpg/180px-Barada_river_in_Damascus_%28April_2009%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1523" data-file-height="2030" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a> – Siria</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Dubai_night_skyline.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dubai – U.A.E"><img alt="Dubai – U.A.E" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Dubai_night_skyline.jpg/120px-Dubai_night_skyline.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Dubai_night_skyline.jpg/180px-Dubai_night_skyline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Dubai_night_skyline.jpg/240px-Dubai_night_skyline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Dubai" title="Dubai">Dubai</a> – U.A.E</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lay_Square_in_Ankara,_Turkey.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Ankara – Turkia"><img alt="Ankara – Turkia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lay_Square_in_Ankara%2C_Turkey.JPG/120px-K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lay_Square_in_Ankara%2C_Turkey.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lay_Square_in_Ankara%2C_Turkey.JPG/180px-K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lay_Square_in_Ankara%2C_Turkey.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lay_Square_in_Ankara%2C_Turkey.JPG/240px-K%C4%B1z%C4%B1lay_Square_in_Ankara%2C_Turkey.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a> – Turkia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Abu_Dhabi_Skyline_fron_Corniche_Rd.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Abu Dhabi – U.A.E"><img alt="Abu Dhabi – U.A.E" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Abu_Dhabi_Skyline_fron_Corniche_Rd.JPG/120px-Abu_Dhabi_Skyline_fron_Corniche_Rd.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Abu_Dhabi_Skyline_fron_Corniche_Rd.JPG/180px-Abu_Dhabi_Skyline_fron_Corniche_Rd.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Abu_Dhabi_Skyline_fron_Corniche_Rd.JPG/240px-Abu_Dhabi_Skyline_fron_Corniche_Rd.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_Dhabi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu Dhabi (awan ti panid)">Abu Dhabi</a> – U.A.E</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Manama_Cityline.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Manama – Bahrain"><img alt="Manama – Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Manama_Cityline.jpg/120px-Manama_Cityline.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Manama_Cityline.jpg/180px-Manama_Cityline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Manama_Cityline.jpg/240px-Manama_Cityline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a> – Bahrain</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Magnificent_Nicosia_skylines_by_night_Republic_of_Cyprus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nicosia – Cyprus"><img alt="Nicosia – Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Magnificent_Nicosia_skylines_by_night_Republic_of_Cyprus.jpg/120px-Magnificent_Nicosia_skylines_by_night_Republic_of_Cyprus.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Magnificent_Nicosia_skylines_by_night_Republic_of_Cyprus.jpg/180px-Magnificent_Nicosia_skylines_by_night_Republic_of_Cyprus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Magnificent_Nicosia_skylines_by_night_Republic_of_Cyprus.jpg/240px-Magnificent_Nicosia_skylines_by_night_Republic_of_Cyprus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="330" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a> – Cyprus</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Bank_Of_Palestine_-_Ramallah.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ramallah – Palestina"><img alt="Ramallah – Palestina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Bank_Of_Palestine_-_Ramallah.jpg/120px-Bank_Of_Palestine_-_Ramallah.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Bank_Of_Palestine_-_Ramallah.jpg/180px-Bank_Of_Palestine_-_Ramallah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Bank_Of_Palestine_-_Ramallah.jpg/240px-Bank_Of_Palestine_-_Ramallah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ramallah" title="Ramallah">Ramallah</a> – Palestina</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:San%27a03_flickr.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sana'a – Yemen"><img alt="Sana'a – Yemen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/San%27a03_flickr.jpg/120px-San%27a03_flickr.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/San%27a03_flickr.jpg/180px-San%27a03_flickr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/San%27a03_flickr.jpg/240px-San%27a03_flickr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sana%27a" class="mw-redirect" title="Sana'a">Sana'a</a> – Yemen</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:DohaSkyline_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Doha – Katar"><img alt="Doha – Katar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/DohaSkyline_2.jpg/120px-DohaSkyline_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/DohaSkyline_2.jpg/180px-DohaSkyline_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/DohaSkyline_2.jpg/240px-DohaSkyline_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a> – Katar</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:North_Tehran_Towers.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tehran – Iran"><img alt="Tehran – Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/North_Tehran_Towers.jpg/120px-North_Tehran_Towers.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/North_Tehran_Towers.jpg/180px-North_Tehran_Towers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/North_Tehran_Towers.jpg/240px-North_Tehran_Towers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3238" data-file-height="2432" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tehran" title="Tehran">Tehran</a> – Iran</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Westernwall2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Herusalem – Israel"><img alt="Herusalem – Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Westernwall2.jpg/120px-Westernwall2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Westernwall2.jpg/180px-Westernwall2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Westernwall2.jpg/240px-Westernwall2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Herusalem" title="Herusalem">Herusalem</a> – Israel</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Old_yaffo_3.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tel Aviv – Israel"><img alt="Tel Aviv – Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Old_yaffo_3.JPG/120px-Old_yaffo_3.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Old_yaffo_3.JPG/180px-Old_yaffo_3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Old_yaffo_3.JPG/240px-Old_yaffo_3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a> – Israel</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Kuwait_City_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Siudad ti Kuwait – Kuwait"><img alt="Siudad ti Kuwait – Kuwait" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Kuwait_City_cropped.jpg/120px-Kuwait_City_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Kuwait_City_cropped.jpg/180px-Kuwait_City_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Kuwait_City_cropped.jpg/240px-Kuwait_City_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Siudad_ti_Kuwait" title="Siudad ti Kuwait">Siudad ti Kuwait</a> – Kuwait</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dagiti_nota">Dagiti nota</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Dagiti nota" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Dagiti nota"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r374282">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output 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Dagiti nagibasaran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Dagiti nagibasaran"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dagiti_dakamat">Dagiti dakamat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Dagiti dakamat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Dagiti dakamat"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r374282"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2010/02/pdf/c2.pdf">IMF WEO Okt. 2010</a> Naala idi 15-10-2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBeaumontBlakeWagstaff198816-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBeaumontBlakeWagstaff198816_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBeaumontBlakeWagstaff1988">Beaumont, Blake & Wagstaff 1988</a>, p. 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r391156">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFKoppes1976" class="citation journal cs1">Koppes, CR (1976). "Captain Mahan, General Gordon and the origin of the term "Middle East"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Middle East Studies</i>. <b>12</b>: 95–98. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (panangilasin)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00263207608700307">10.1080/00263207608700307</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Studies&rft.atitle=Captain+Mahan%2C+General+Gordon+and+the+origin+of+the+term+%22Middle+East%22&rft.volume=12&rft.pages=95-98&rft.date=1976&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00263207608700307&rft.aulast=Koppes&rft.aufirst=CR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFLewis1965" class="citation book cs1">Lewis, Bernard (1965). <i>The Middle East and the West</i>. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East+and+the+West&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1965&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFFromkin1989" class="citation book cs1">Fromkin, David (1989). <i>A Peace to end all Peace</i>. p. 224. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/0-8050-0857-8" title="Espesial:BookSources/0-8050-0857-8"><bdi>0-8050-0857-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Peace+to+end+all+Peace&rft.pages=224&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-8050-0857-8&rft.aulast=Fromkin&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFMelman" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-long-vol">Melman, Billie, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cco.cambridge.org/extract?id=ccol052178140x_CCOL052178140XA010"><i>Companion to Travel Writing</i></a>, Collections Online, vol. 6 The Middle East/Arabia, Cambridge<span class="reference-accessdate">, naala idi <span class="nowrap">Enero 8,</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Companion+to+Travel+Writing&rft.series=Collections+Online&rft.pub=Cambridge&rft.aulast=Melman&rft.aufirst=Billie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcco.cambridge.org%2Fextract%3Fid%3Dccol052178140x_CCOL052178140XA010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Palmer, Michael A. <i>Guardians of the Persian Gulf: A History of America's Expanding Role in the Persian Gulf, 1833–1992.</i> New York: The Free Press, 1992. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/0-02-923843-9" title="Espesial:BookSources/0-02-923843-9">0-02-923843-9</a> pp. 12–13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Laciner, Dr. Sedat. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.turkishweekly.net/comments.php?id=2117">Is There a Place Called 'the Middle East'?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151006020301/http://www.turkishweekly.net/comments.php?id=2117">Naiyarkibo</a> 2015-10-06 iti <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>", <i>The Journal of Turkish Weekly</i>, Hunio 2, 2006. 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(1960). "Where is the Middle East?". <i>Foreign Affairs</i>. <b>38</b> (4): 665–75. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (panangilasin)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F20029452">10.2307/20029452</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Where+is+the+Middle+East%3F&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=665-75&rft.date=1960&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F20029452&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=Roderic+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFHeld2000" class="citation book cs1">Held, Colbert C. 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Naala idi <span class="nowrap">2007-01-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East%2C+in+whose+world%3F&rft.pub=Nordic+Society+for+Middle+Eastern+Studies&rft.aulast=Hanafi&rft.aufirst=Hassan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.smi.uib.no%2Fpao%2Fhanafi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F70E10FC3D59127A93C6A81783D85F4C8585F9&scp=1&sq='Near%20East'%20is%20Mideast,%20Washington%20Explains&st=cse">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Near East' is Mideast, Washington Explains"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. Agosto 14, 1958<span class="reference-accessdate">. Naala idi <span class="nowrap">2009-01-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=%27Near+East%27+is+Mideast%2C+Washington+Explains&rft.date=1958-08-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fselect.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3DF70E10FC3D59127A93C6A81783D85F4C8585F9%26scp%3D1%26sq%3D%27Near%2520East%27%2520is%2520Mideast%2C%2520Washington%2520Explains%26st%3Dcse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goldstein, Norm. <i>The Associated Press Stylebook and Briefing on Media Law</i>. New York: Basic Books, 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/0-465-00488-1" title="Espesial:BookSources/0-465-00488-1">0-465-00488-1</a> p. 156</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFAndersonEwan_W.William_Bayne_Fisher2000" class="citation book cs1">Anderson; Ewan W.; William Bayne Fisher (2000). <i>The Middle East: Geography and Geopolitics</i>. Routledge. pp. 12–13.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East%3A+Geography+and+Geopolitics&rft.pages=12-13&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2000&rft.au=Anderson&rft.au=Ewan+W.&rft.au=William+Bayne+Fisher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html">The World Factbook</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170920072149/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html">Naiyarkibo</a> 2017-09-20 iti <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Cia.gov. Naala idi 2013-07-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFNovikova2000" class="citation web cs1">Novikova, Gayane (Disiembre 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140821001515/http://www.gloria-center.org/meria/2000/12/novikova.pdf">"Armenia and the Middle East"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Middle East Review of International Affairs. Naiyarkibo manipud iti <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gloria-center.org/meria/2000/12/novikova.pdf">kasisigud</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> idi 2014-08-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Naala idi <span class="nowrap">14 Agosto</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Armenia+and+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=Middle+East+Review+of+International+Affairs&rft.date=2000-12&rft.aulast=Novikova&rft.aufirst=Gayane&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gloria-center.org%2Fmeria%2F2000%2F12%2Fnovikova.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Goldschmidt (1999), p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Louise, Fawcett. <i>International Relations of the Middle East</i>. (Oxford University Press, New York, 2005)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WB-GDP-Nominal-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WB-GDP-Nominal_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GDP.pdf">The World Bank: World Economic Indicators Database. <i>GDP (Nominal) 2008.</i></a> Datos para iti 2008. Naudi a napabaro idi Hulio 1, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ti Datos ket mangibaga iti 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2009/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=26&pr.y=9&sy=2008&ey=2008&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C941%2C914%2C446%2C612%2C666%2C614%2C668%2C311%2C672%2C213%2C946%2C911%2C137%2C193%2C962%2C122%2C674%2C912%2C676%2C313%2C548%2C419%2C556%2C513%2C678%2C316%2C181%2C913%2C682%2C124%2C684%2C339%2C273%2C638%2C921%2C514%2C948%2C218%2C943%2C963%2C686%2C616%2C688%2C223%2C518%2C516%2C728%2C918%2C558%2C748%2C138%2C618%2C196%2C522%2C278%2C622%2C692%2C156%2C694%2C624%2C142%2C626%2C449%2C628%2C564%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C453%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C922%2C935%2C714%2C128%2C862%2C611%2C716%2C321%2C456%2C243%2C722%2C248%2C942%2C469%2C718%2C253%2C724%2C642%2C576%2C643%2C936%2C939%2C961%2C644%2C813%2C819%2C199%2C172%2C184%2C132%2C524%2C646%2C361%2C648%2C362%2C915%2C364%2C134%2C732%2C652%2C366%2C174%2C734%2C328%2C144%2C258%2C146%2C656%2C463%2C654%2C528%2C336%2C923%2C263%2C738%2C268%2C578%2C532%2C537%2C944%2C742%2C176%2C866%2C534%2C369%2C536%2C744%2C429%2C186%2C433%2C925%2C178%2C746%2C436%2C926%2C136%2C466%2C343%2C112%2C158%2C111%2C439%2C298%2C916%2C927%2C664%2C846%2C826%2C299%2C542%2C582%2C443%2C474%2C917%2C754%2C544%2C698&s=NGDPDPC&grp=0&a=">World Economic Outlook Database-October 2009</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a>. Naala idi Oktubre 1, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WB-GDP-PPP-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WB-GDP-PPP_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siteresources.worldbank.org/DATASTATISTICS/Resources/GDP_PPP.pdf">The World Bank: World Economic Indicators Database. <i>GDP (PPP) 2008.</i></a> Datos para iti 2008. Naudi a napabaro idi Hulio 1, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110427023740/http://www.ppionline.org/ppi_ci.cfm?knlgAreaID=108&subsecID=900003&contentID=254026">"Unemployment Rates Are Highest in the Middle East"</a>. Progressive Policy Institute. Agosto 30, 2006. Naiyarkibo manipud iti <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ppionline.org/ppi_ci.cfm?knlgAreaID=108&subsecID=900003&contentID=254026">kasisigud</a> idi 2011-04-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Naala idi <span class="nowrap">2015-01-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Unemployment+Rates+Are+Highest+in+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=Progressive+Policy+Institute&rft.date=2006-08-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ppionline.org%2Fppi_ci.cfm%3FknlgAreaID%3D108%26subsecID%3D900003%26contentID%3D254026&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFNavtej_Dhillon,_Tarek_Yousef2007" class="citation web cs1">Navtej Dhillon, Tarek Yousef (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140202100030/http://shababinclusion.org/content/document/detail/623/1">"Inclusion: Meeting the 100 Million Youth Challenge"</a>. Shabab Inclusion. Naiyarkibo manipud iti <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://shababinclusion.org/content/document/detail/623/1">kasisigud</a> idi 2014-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Naala idi <span class="nowrap">2015-01-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Inclusion%3A+Meeting+the+100+Million+Youth+Challenge&rft.pub=Shabab+Inclusion&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Navtej+Dhillon%2C+Tarek+Yousef&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fshababinclusion.org%2Fcontent%2Fdocument%2Fdetail%2F623%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFHilary_Silver2007" class="citation web cs1">Hilary Silver (Disiembre 12, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080820065906/http://www.shababinclusion.org/content/document/detail/558/1">"Social Exclusion: Comparative Analysis of Europe and Middle East Youth"</a>. <i>Middle East Youth Initiative Working Paper</i>. Shabab Inclusion. Naiyarkibo manipud iti <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shababinclusion.org/content/document/detail/558/1">kasisigud</a> idi 2008-08-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Naala idi <span class="nowrap">2015-01-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Middle+East+Youth+Initiative+Working+Paper&rft.atitle=Social+Exclusion%3A+Comparative+Analysis+of+Europe+and+Middle+East+Youth&rft.date=2007-12-12&rft.au=Hilary+Silver&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shababinclusion.org%2Fcontent%2Fdocument%2Fdetail%2F558%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sapasap">Sapasap</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Sapasap" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: Sapasap"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFAdelson1995" class="citation book cs1">Adelson, Roger (1995). <i>London and the Invention of the Middle East: Money, Power, and War, 1902–1922</i>. Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/0-300-06094-7" title="Espesial:BookSources/0-300-06094-7"><bdi>0-300-06094-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=London+and+the+Invention+of+the+Middle+East%3A+Money%2C+Power%2C+and+War%2C+1902%E2%80%931922.&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-300-06094-7&rft.aulast=Adelson&rft.aufirst=Roger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFAndersonSeibertWagner2006" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, R; Seibert, R; Wagner, J. (2006). <i>Politics and Change in the Middle East</i> (8th nga ed.). Prentice-Hall.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Politics+and+Change+in+the+Middle+East&rft.edition=8th&rft.pub=Prentice-Hall&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Seibert%2C+R&rft.au=Wagner%2C+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFBarzilaiAharonGil1993" class="citation book cs1">Barzilai, Gad; Aharon, Klieman; Gil, Shidlo (1993). <i>The Gulf Crisis and its Global Aftermath</i>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/0-415-08002-9" title="Espesial:BookSources/0-415-08002-9"><bdi>0-415-08002-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gulf+Crisis+and+its+Global+Aftermath&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-415-08002-9&rft.aulast=Barzilai&rft.aufirst=Gad&rft.au=Aharon%2C+Klieman&rft.au=Gil%2C+Shidlo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFBarzilai1996" class="citation book cs1">Barzilai, Gad (1996). <i>Wars, Internal Conflicts and Political Order</i>. State University of New York Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/0-7914-2943-1" title="Espesial:BookSources/0-7914-2943-1"><bdi>0-7914-2943-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wars%2C+Internal+Conflicts+and+Political+Order&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-7914-2943-1&rft.aulast=Barzilai&rft.aufirst=Gad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFBeaumontBlakeWagstaff1988" class="citation book cs1">Beaumont, Peter; Blake, Gerald H; Wagstaff, J. Malcolm (1988). <i>The Middle East: A Geographical Study</i>. David Fulton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/0-470-21040-0" title="Espesial:BookSources/0-470-21040-0"><bdi>0-470-21040-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Middle+East%3A+A+Geographical+Study&rft.pub=David+Fulton&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-470-21040-0&rft.aulast=Beaumont&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Blake%2C+Gerald+H&rft.au=Wagstaff%2C+J.+Malcolm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><cite id="CITEREFGoldschmidt1999" class="citation book cs1">Goldschmidt, Arthur Jr (1999). <i>A Concise History of the Middle East</i>. Westview Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (panangilasin)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/0-8133-0471-7" title="Espesial:BookSources/0-8133-0471-7"><bdi>0-8133-0471-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Concise+History+of+the+Middle+East&rft.pub=Westview+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-8133-0471-7&rft.aulast=Goldschmidt&rft.aufirst=Arthur+Jr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Filo.wikipedia.org%3ATengnga+a+Daya" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adu_pay_a_mabasbasa">Adu pay a mabasbasa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Adu pay a mabasbasa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: Adu pay a mabasbasa"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Cressey, George B. (1960). <i>Crossroads: Land and Life in Southwest Asia</i>. Chicago, IL: J.B. Lippincott Co. xiv, 593 p., ill. with maps and b&w photos.</li> <li>Freedman, Robert O. (1991). <i>The Middle East from the Iran-Contra Affair to the Intifada</i>, in series, <i>Contemporary Issues in the Middle East</i>. 1st ed. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press. x, 441 p. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r391156"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Espesial:BookSources/0-8156-2502-2" title="Espesial:BookSources/0-8156-2502-2">0-8156-2502-2</a> pbk.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dagiti_akinruar_a_silpo">Dagiti akinruar a silpo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Urnosen ti seksion: Dagiti akinruar a silpo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>urnosen</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: Dagiti akinruar a silpo"><span>urnosen ti taudan</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Papeles:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Dagiti midia a mainaig iti <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Middle_East" class="extiw" title="commons:Middle East">Tengnga a Daya</a> iti Wikimedia Commons<br /> </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://curlie.org/Regional/Middle_East/">Tengnga a Daya</a> iti <a href="/wiki/Curlie" class="mw-redirect" title="Curlie">Curlie</a> <span class="languageicon">(iti Ingles)</span></li></ul> <div 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text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;;;;width:50%;"><div> <table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:8%;vertical-align:middle;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aprika" title="Aprika"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/LocationAfrica.png/60px-LocationAfrica.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/LocationAfrica.png/90px-LocationAfrica.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/LocationAfrica.png/120px-LocationAfrica.png 2x" data-file-width="2759" data-file-height="1404" /></a></span></td><td style="width:11%;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding-right:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Aprika" title="Aprika">Aprika</a></td><td class="hlist" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;line-height:1.2em;padding-right:1.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amianan_nga_Aprika" title="Amianan nga Aprika">Akin-amianan</a> (<span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Magreb" title="Magreb">Magreb</a></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-Sahara_nga_Aprika" title="Sub-Sahara nga Aprika">Sub-Sahara</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Laud_nga_Aprika" title="Laud nga Aprika">Akinlaud</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Daya_nga_Aprika" title="Daya nga Aprika">Daya</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Tengnga_nga_Aprika" title="Tengnga nga Aprika">Sentral</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Akin-abagatan_nga_Aprika" title="Akin-abagatan nga Aprika">Akin-abagatan</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Sara_ti_Aprika" title="Sara ti Aprika">Sara</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Is-isla_ti_Aprika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Is-isla ti Aprika (awan ti panid)">Is-isla</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:8%;vertical-align:middle;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Amianan_nga_Amerika" title="Amianan nga Amerika"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/LocationNorthAmerica.png/60px-LocationNorthAmerica.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/LocationNorthAmerica.png/90px-LocationNorthAmerica.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/LocationNorthAmerica.png/120px-LocationNorthAmerica.png 2x" data-file-width="2759" data-file-height="1404" /></a></span></td><td style="width:11%;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding-right:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Amianan_nga_Amerika" title="Amianan nga Amerika">Amianan nga<br />Amerika</a></td><td class="hlist" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;line-height:1.2em;padding-right:1.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <li><a href="/wiki/Akin-amianan_nga_Amerika" title="Akin-amianan nga Amerika">Akin-amianan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karibe" title="Karibe">Karibe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengnga_nga_Amerika" title="Tengnga nga Amerika">Sentral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengnga_nga_Amerika_(rehion)" title="Tengnga nga Amerika (rehion)">Tengnga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anglo-Amerika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anglo-Amerika (awan ti panid)">Ingles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pranses_nga_Amerika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pranses nga Amerika (awan ti panid)">Pranses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_nga_Amerika" title="Latin nga Amerika">Latin</a> (<span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Espaniol_nga_Amerika" title="Espaniol nga Amerika">Espaniol</a></span>)</li></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:8%;vertical-align:middle;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Abagatan_nga_Amerika" title="Abagatan nga Amerika"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/LocationSouthAmerica.png/60px-LocationSouthAmerica.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/LocationSouthAmerica.png/90px-LocationSouthAmerica.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/LocationSouthAmerica.png/120px-LocationSouthAmerica.png 2x" data-file-width="2759" data-file-height="1404" /></a></span></td><td style="width:11%;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding-right:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Abagatan_nga_Amerika" title="Abagatan nga Amerika">Abagatan nga<br />Amerika</a></td><td class="hlist" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;line-height:1.2em;padding-right:1.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <li><a href="/wiki/Akin-abagatan_a_Kono" title="Akin-abagatan a Kono">Akin-abagatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akin-amianan_nga_Abagatan_nga_Amerika" title="Akin-amianan nga Abagatan nga Amerika">Akin-amianan</a> (<span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guayanas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guayanas (awan ti panid)">Es-estado ti Guayana</a></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Es-estado_ti_Andes" title="Es-estado ti Andes">Akinlaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_nga_Amerika" title="Latin nga Amerika">Latin</a> (<span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Espaniol_nga_Amerika" title="Espaniol nga Amerika">Espaniol</a></span>)</li></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:8%;vertical-align:middle;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/LocationAsia.svg/60px-LocationAsia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/LocationAsia.svg/90px-LocationAsia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/LocationAsia.svg/120px-LocationAsia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2751" data-file-height="1398" /></a></span></td><td style="width:11%;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding-right:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></td><td class="hlist" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;line-height:1.2em;padding-right:1.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <li><a href="/wiki/Tengnga_nga_Asia" title="Tengnga nga Asia">Tengnga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adayo_a_Daya" title="Adayo a Daya">Adayo a Daya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daya_nga_Asia" title="Daya nga Asia">Akindaya</a> (<span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Akin-amianan_a_daya_nga_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Akin-amianan a daya nga Asia">Akin-amianan a daya</a></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abagatan_a_daya_nga_Asia" title="Abagatan a daya nga Asia">Abagatan a daya</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Indotsina" title="Indotsina">Nangruna a daga</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Maritimo_nga_Abagatan_a_daya_nga_Asia" title="Maritimo nga Abagatan a daya nga Asia">Maritimo</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amianan_nga_Asia" title="Amianan nga Asia">Akin-amianan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abagatan_nga_Asia" title="Abagatan nga Asia">Akin-abagatan</a> (<span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Subkontinente_Indiano" title="Subkontinente Indiano">Subkontinente Indiano</a></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akinlaud_nga_Asia" title="Akinlaud nga Asia">Akinlaud</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Abagatan_a_Kaukaso" class="mw-redirect" title="Abagatan a Kaukaso">Abagatan a Kaukaso</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tengnga a Daya</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Asideg_a_Daya" title="Asideg a Daya">Asideg a Daya</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Asia-Pasipiko" title="Asia-Pasipiko">Asia-Pasipiko</a></span></li></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;;;;width:50%;"><div> <table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:8%;vertical-align:middle;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/LocationEurope.png/60px-LocationEurope.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/LocationEurope.png/90px-LocationEurope.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/LocationEurope.png/120px-LocationEurope.png 2x" data-file-width="2759" data-file-height="1404" /></a></span></td><td style="width:11%;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding-right:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a></td><td class="hlist" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;line-height:1.2em;padding-right:1.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tengnga_nga_Europa" title="Tengnga nga Europa">Tengnga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akindaya_nga_Europa" title="Akindaya nga Europa">Akindaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akin-amianan_nga_Europa" title="Akin-amianan nga Europa">Akin-amianan</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagpagilian_a_Nordiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagpagilian a Nordiko (awan ti panid)">Nordiko</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagpagilian_a_Baltiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagpagilian a Baltiko (awan ti panid)">Baltiko</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amianan_a_laud_nga_Europa" title="Amianan a laud nga Europa">Amianan a laud</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abagatan_a_daya_nga_Europa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abagatan a daya nga Europa (awan ti panid)">Abagatan a daya</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balkan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Balkan (awan ti panid)">Balkan</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amianan_a_Kaukaso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amianan a Kaukaso (awan ti panid)">Amianan a Kaukaso</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tengnga a Daya</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akin-abagatan_nga_Europa" title="Akin-abagatan nga Europa">Akin-abagatan</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peninsula_Iberia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peninsula Iberia (awan ti panid)">Iberia</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akinlaud_nga_Europa" title="Akinlaud nga Europa">Akinlaud</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benelux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benelux (awan ti panid)">Benelux</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:8%;vertical-align:middle;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/LocationOceania.png/60px-LocationOceania.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/LocationOceania.png/90px-LocationOceania.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/LocationOceania.png/120px-LocationOceania.png 2x" data-file-width="2759" data-file-height="1404" /></a></span></td><td style="width:11%;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding-right:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a></td><td class="hlist" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;line-height:1.2em;padding-right:1.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <li><a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Australia_(kontinente)" title="Australia (kontinente)">Australia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Baro_a_Guinea" title="Baro a Guinea">Baro a Guinea</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zealandia_(kontinente)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zealandia (kontinente) (awan ti panid)">Zealandia</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Is-isla_ti_Pasipiko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Is-isla ti Pasipiko (awan ti panid)">Is-isla ti Pasipiko</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Melanesia" title="Melanesia">Melanesia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Mikronesia" title="Mikronesia">Mikronesia</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Polinesia" title="Polinesia">Polinesia</a></span></li></ul></li></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:8%;vertical-align:middle;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rehion_ti_polar" title="Rehion ti polar"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/LocationPolarRegions.png/60px-LocationPolarRegions.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/LocationPolarRegions.png/90px-LocationPolarRegions.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/LocationPolarRegions.png/120px-LocationPolarRegions.png 2x" data-file-width="2759" data-file-height="1404" /></a></span></td><td style="width:11%;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding-right:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Rehion_ti_polar" title="Rehion ti polar">Polar</a></td><td class="hlist" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;line-height:1.2em;padding-right:1.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <li><a href="/wiki/Antartiko" title="Antartiko">Antartiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artiko" title="Artiko">Artiko</a></li></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:8%;vertical-align:middle;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Taaw" title="Taaw"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/LocationOceans.png/60px-LocationOceans.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/LocationOceans.png/90px-LocationOceans.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/LocationOceans.png/120px-LocationOceans.png 2x" data-file-width="2759" data-file-height="1404" /></a></span></td><td style="width:11%;vertical-align:middle;line-height:1.2em;text-align:center;font-weight:bold;padding-right:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <a href="/wiki/Taaw" title="Taaw">Tataaw</a></td><td class="hlist" style="vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;line-height:1.2em;padding-right:1.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;"> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybay" title="Baybay">Lubong (Baybay)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taaw_Artiko" title="Taaw Artiko">Artiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taaw_Atlantiko" title="Taaw Atlantiko">Atlantiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taaw_Indiano" title="Taaw Indiano">Indiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taaw_Pasipiko" title="Taaw Pasipiko">Pasipiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akin-abagatan_a_Taaw" title="Akin-abagatan a Taaw">Akin-abagatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baybay#Listaan_dagiti_baybay" title="Baybay">Listaan dagiti baybay</a></li></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/16px-Symbol_question.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/24px-Symbol_question.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/32px-Symbol_question.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Plantilia:Dagiti_kontinente_iti_lubong" title="Plantilia:Dagiti kontinente iti lubong">Dagiti kontinente iti lubong</a> / <a href="/wiki/Plantilia:Listaan_dagiti_baybay" title="Plantilia:Listaan dagiti baybay">Listaan dagiti baybay</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Plantilia:Pisikal_a_Daga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plantilia:Pisikal a Daga (awan ti panid)">Pisikal a Daga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r398455"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r390039"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Kontrol_ti_autoridad_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Urnosen_daytoy_idiay_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7204#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Urnosen_daytoy_idiay_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Kontrol_ti_autoridad_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Urnosen_daytoy_idiay_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7204#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Urnosen_daytoy_idiay_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tulong:Kontrol_ti_autoridad" title="Tulong:Kontrol ti autoridad">Kontrol ti autoridad</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7204#identifiers" title="Urnosen daytoy idiay Wikidata"><img alt="Urnosen daytoy idiay Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sapasap</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VIAF_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (panangilasin)">VIAF</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/173199948">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/173199948">WorldCat (babaen ti VIAF)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dagiti nailian a biblioteka</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11941591f">Pransia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11941591f">(datos)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4068878-1">Alemania</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007562898205171">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85090501">Estados Unidos</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dadduma</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/024655">Naipakasaritaan a Diksionario ti Suisa</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044399">Nailian nga Ar-arkibo (EU)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC_(panangilasin)" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC (panangilasin)">SUDOC (Pransia)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027356108">1</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Heograpikal_a_nagsasabtan" title="Heograpikal a nagsasabtan">Nagsasabtan</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r374231">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=ilo&pagename=Tengnga_a_Daya&params=29.0000_N_41.0000_E_source:wikidata"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapmapa, ladladawan manipud iti tangatang, ken dadduma pay a datos para iti daytoy a lokasion"><span class="latitude">29°00′00″N</span> <span class="longitude">41°00′00″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapmapa, ladladawan manipud iti tangatang, ken dadduma pay a datos para iti daytoy a lokasion">29.0000°N 41.0000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">29.0000; 41.0000</span></span></span></a></span></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Naala manipud iti "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&oldid=399728">https://ilo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tengnga_a_Daya&oldid=399728</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Espesial:Categories" title="Espesial:Categories">Katkategoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Tengnga_a_Daya" title="Kategoria:Tengnga a Daya">Tengnga a Daya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Heograpia_ti_Akinlaud_nga_Asia" title="Kategoria:Heograpia ti Akinlaud nga Asia">Heograpia ti Akinlaud nga Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Dagiti_rehion_ti_Asia" title="Kategoria:Dagiti rehion ti Asia">Dagiti rehion ti Asia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Akinlaud_nga_Asia" title="Kategoria:Akinlaud nga Asia">Akinlaud nga Asia</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Nailemmeng a katkategoria: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:CS1:_pateg_ti_atiddog_a_tomo" title="Kategoria:CS1: pateg ti atiddog a tomo">CS1: pateg ti atiddog a tomo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Dagiti_silpo_ti_wayback_iti_plantilia_ti_webarchive" title="Kategoria:Dagiti silpo ti wayback iti plantilia ti webarchive">Dagiti silpo ti wayback iti plantilia ti webarchive</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Dagiti_artikulo_nga_agraman_kadagiti_plantilia_ti_hatnote_a_mangpunta_kadagiti_awan_a_panid" title="Kategoria:Dagiti artikulo nga agraman kadagiti plantilia ti hatnote a mangpunta kadagiti awan a panid">Dagiti artikulo nga agraman kadagiti plantilia ti hatnote a mangpunta kadagiti awan a panid</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Ti_silpo_ti_Commons_ket_adda_iti_Wikidata" title="Kategoria:Ti silpo ti Commons ket adda iti Wikidata">Ti silpo ti Commons ket adda iti Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Dagiti_artikulo_nga_agraman_kadagiti_taudan_ti_pagsasao_nga_Ingles_(en)" title="Kategoria:Dagiti artikulo nga agraman kadagiti taudan ti pagsasao nga Ingles (en)">Dagiti artikulo nga agraman kadagiti taudan ti pagsasao nga Ingles (en)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Dagiti_artikulo_nga_agraman_kadagiti_silpo_ti_Curlie" title="Kategoria:Dagiti artikulo nga agraman kadagiti silpo ti Curlie">Dagiti artikulo nga agraman kadagiti silpo ti Curlie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Dagiti_artikulo_nga_agraman_kadagiti_panangilasin_ti_VIAF" title="Kategoria:Dagiti artikulo nga agraman kadagiti panangilasin ti VIAF">Dagiti artikulo nga agraman kadagiti panangilasin ti VIAF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Dagiti_artikulo_nga_agraman_kadagiti_panangilasin_ti_BNF" 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