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format-standard hentry category-tech-science tag-algorithm tag-fusion-power tag-google tag-machinelearning tag-tri-alpha-energy" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/NewsArticle"> <div class="zox-article-wrap zoxrel left zox100"> <meta itemscope itemprop="mainEntityOfPage" itemType="https://schema.org/WebPage" itemid="https://www.digitaljournal.com/tech-science/google-optometrist-algorithm-brings-us-closer-to-fusion-power/article/498508"/> <div class="zox-post-top-wrap zoxrel left zox100"> <div class="zox-post-title-wrap zox-tit2"> <div class="zox-post-width"> <header class="zox-post-head-wrap left zoxrel zox100"> <div class="zox-post-head zoxrel"> <h3 class="zox-post-cat"> <a class="zox-post-cat-link" href="https://www.digitaljournal.com/tech-science"><span class="zox-post-cat">Tech & Science</span></a> </h3> <h1 class="zox-post-title left entry-title" itemprop="headline">Google ‘Optometrist Algorithm’ brings us closer to fusion power</h1> <div class="zox-post-info-wrap"> <div class="zox-post-byline-wrap"> <div class="zox-author-thumb"> <img alt='Avatar photo' src='https://www.digitaljournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/DJC-logo-40x40.jpg' srcset='https://www.digitaljournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/DJC-logo-80x80.jpg 2x' class='avatar avatar-40 photo' height='40' width='40' decoding='async'/> </div> <div class="zox-author-info-wrap"> <div class="zox-author-name-wrap" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"> <p>By</p><span class="zox-author-name vcard fn author" itemprop="name"><a href="https://www.digitaljournal.com/author/karen-graham" title="Posts by Karen Graham" rel="author">Karen Graham</a></span> </div> <div class="zox-post-date-wrap"> <p>Published</p> <span class="zox-post-date updated"><time class="post-date updated" itemprop="datePublished" datetime="2017-07-26">July 26, 2017</time></span> <meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2017-07-26"/> </div> </div> </div> <div class="zox-post-soc-top-wrap"> </div> </div> </div> </header> </div> </div> <div class="zox-post-img-wrap"> <div class="zox-post-width"> <span class="zox-post-img-cap"></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="zox-post-main-grid"> <div class="zox-post-width"> <div class="zox-post-main-wrap zoxrel left zox100"> <div class="zox-post-main"> <div class="zox-post-body-wrap left zoxrel"> <div class="zox-post-body left zoxrel zox100"> <div class="imgcopyrightnew"><em><small></small></em></div><p>In a paper published July 25, in<a href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/tri-alpha-energy-and-google-combine-human-and-machine-interaction-to-further-plasma-science-300493591.html" target="_blank"> the journal Scientific Reports</a>, researchers from Tri Alpha Energy (TAE), the world’s largest private fusion company, and Google have jointly furthered the understanding of physics and computational design, applying a new approach to solving highly complex problems regarding plasma behavior.</p> <p>TAE and Google have a multi-year partnership that dates back to 2014. The two organizations joined forces in the hopes that machine learning algorithms could advance plasma research, bringing us closer to fusion power, a clean energy source. The complexity of the research into plasma, a gas in an ionized state, so hot that the atoms are blown apart into their constituent nuclei and electrons, led to TAE turning to Google for help.<br /> <center></p> <div class="rs_skip embedded-image" style=";float:center;width:497px;"> <div class="def_img"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.digitaljournal.com/wp-content/uploads/primages/nuclear_fusion.jpg" alt="In nuclear physics nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei come close enoug..." style="max-width: 497px;" border="0" /> </p> <div class="details"> <div class="description">In nuclear physics, nuclear fusion is a reaction in which two or more atomic nuclei come close enough to form one or more different atomic nuclei and subatomic particles (neutrons and/or protons). The difference in mass between the products and reactants is manifested as the release of large amounts of energy.</div> <div class="attribution">Kjerish (CC BY-SA 4.0)</div> </p></div> </p></div> </div> <p></center><br /> <strong>Producing nuclear fusion</strong><br /> Producing nuclear fusion on Earth involves the fusion of a deuterium atom (an isotope of hydrogen, containing a single proton and neutron but no electron) with a tritium (a different isotope of hydrogen with one proton and two neutrons and two electrons outside) one, writes <a href="https://www.digitaljournal.com/tech-and-science/science/the-cold-standard-would-nuclear-fusion-be-safer/article/487383" target="_blank">Digital Journal’s science guy, Tim Sandle.</a></p> <p>The enormous amount of data generated in the research had so many variables that TAE’s researchers needed some kind of advanced computing networks to help wade through it all. But even Google didn’t have all the computational resources needed, reports <a href="http://newatlas.com/google-tri-energy-alpha-fusion-plasma-algorithm/50629/?utm_source=Gizmag+Subscribers&utm_campaign=85f72918a0-UA-2235360-4&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_65b67362bd-85f72918a0-91873485" target="_blank">New Atlas.</a><br /> <center></p> <div class="rs_skip embedded-image" style=";float:center;width:620px;"> <div class="def_img"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.digitaljournal.com/wp-content/uploads/primages/alpha-1.jpg" alt="After years of research and development including development of multiple variations of C-2-style d..." style="max-width: 620px;" border="0" /> </p> <div class="details"> <div class="description">After years of research and development, including development of multiple variations of C-2-style devices, TAE demonstrated sustained stable plasma performance in the C-2U device in June 2015, based on the use of neutral beams and electrical control of the boundary layer.</div> <div class="attribution">Tri Alpha Energy</div> </p></div> </p></div> </div> <p></center><br /> “The reality is much more complicated,” explains Ted Baltz, from Google’s Accelerated Science Team, “as the ion temperature is three times larger than the electron temperature, so the plasma is far out of thermal equilibrium, also, the fluid approximation is totally invalid, so you have to track at least some of the trillion+ individual particles, so the whole thing is beyond what we know how to do even with Google-scale computer resources.”</p> <p><strong>Fusing man and machine</strong><br /> Google’s team came through with a solution, though. Fusing man and machine, so to speak, the solution is called the “Optometrist Algorithm.” It takes it name from the person who does an eye examination. The algorithm sorts through a multitude of simulated settings that would keep the plasma under check.<br /> <center></p> <div class="rs_skip embedded-image" style=";float:center;width:620px;"> <div class="def_img"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.digitaljournal.com/wp-content/uploads/primages/alpha-2.jpg" alt="A closer view of the C-20 device developed by Tri Alpha Energy." style="max-width: 620px;" border="0" /> </p> <div class="details"> <div class="description">A closer view of the C-20 device developed by Tri Alpha Energy.</div> <div class="attribution">Tri Alpha Energy</div> </p></div> </p></div> </div> <p></center><br /> Human technicians can then select the best candidates for using in their experiments, rather than going through the time-consuming process of testing each one. “So we boil the problem down to let’s find plasma behaviors that an expert human plasma physicist thinks are interesting and let’s not break the machine when we’re doing it,” says Baltz.</p> <p>In the study published in <a href="http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-06645-7#Abs1" target="_blank">Scientific Reports,</a> The new algorithm unexpectedly gave the TAE research team a 50 percent reduction in energy loss rate and a concomitant increase in ion temperature and total plasma energy in its field-reversed configuration plasma generator.</p> <p>“Results like this might take years to solve without the power of advanced computation to rapidly scale our understanding of the complex properties of plasma,” says Michl Binderbauer, TAE’s President, and Chief Technology Officer.<br /> <center></p> <div class="rs_skip embedded-image" style=";float:center;width:620px;"> <div class="def_img"> <img decoding="async" src="https://www.digitaljournal.com/wp-content/uploads/primages/alpha-3.jpg" alt="C-2U Divertor Vessel Divertor vessels which are located at both ends of the C-2U device house the ..." style="max-width: 620px;" border="0" /> </p> <div class="details"> <div class="description">C-2U Divertor Vessel<br /> Divertor vessels, which are located at both ends of the C-2U device, house the plasma guns and bias electrodes – the key instruments for plasma stability control.</div> <div class="attribution">Tri Alpha Energy</div> </p></div> </p></div> </div> <p></center><br /> Tri Alpha Energy is not the only company involved in high profile fusion research. 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She was 78 years old. Karen's view of what is happening in our world was colored by her love of history and how the past influences events taking place today. Her belief in humankind's part in the care of the planet and our environment has led her to focus on the need for action in dealing with climate change. It was said by Geoffrey C. Ward, "Journalism is merely history's first draft." Everyone who writes about what is happening today is indeed, writing a small part of our history.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="zox-org-wrap" itemprop="publisher" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization"> <div class="zox-org-logo" itemprop="logo" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"> <img src="https://www.digitaljournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Digital-Journal-Logosm.png"/> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.digitaljournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Digital-Journal-Logosm.png"> </div> <meta itemprop="name" content="Digital Journal"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="zox-post-side-wrap zox-post-side-noalp zoxrel zox-sticky-side"> <div id="zox-side-wrap" class="zoxrel zox-divs"> <div id="zox_ad_widget-4" class="zox-side-widget zox_ad_widget"> <div class="zox-widget-ad left relative"> <span class="zox-ad-label">Advertisement</span>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1609336515463-0'> <script type="rocketlazyloadscript"> 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