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mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 168 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-168" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">168 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%AB%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5" title="አፍሪካንስ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አፍሪካንስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अफ्रीकी भाषा – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अफ्रीकी भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affricanisc_spr%C7%A3c" title="Affricanisc sprǣc – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Affricanisc sprǣc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الأفريقانية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الأفريقانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_afrikaans" title="Idioma afrikaans – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%90%DC%A6%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%A9%DC%90%DC%A2%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܐܦܪܝܩܐܢܝܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܐܦܪܝܩܐܢܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrik%C3%A1ans" title="Afrikáans – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Afrikáans" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="آفریکانس دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آفریکانس دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="আফ্রিকান্স ভাষা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আফ্রিকান্স ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans-g%C3%AD" title="Afrikaans-gí – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Afrikaans-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Афрыкаанс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Афрыкаанс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Афрыкаанс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Афрыкаанс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африкаанс – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Африкаанс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaneg" title="Afrikaneg – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Afrikaneg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африкаанс – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Африкаанс" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африкаанс – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Африкаанс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrik%C3%A1n%C5%A1tina" title="Afrikánština – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Afrikánština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chibhunu" title="Chibhunu – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chibhunu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affricaneg" title="Affricaneg – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Affricaneg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrik%C3%A1nsagiella" title="Afrikánsagiella – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Afrikánsagiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaani_keel" title="Afrikaani keel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Afrikaani keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1_%CE%91%CF%86%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%82" title="Γλώσσα Αφρικάανς – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλώσσα Αφρικάανς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrik%C3%A1ans" title="Afrikáans – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Afrikáans" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikanso" title="Afrikanso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Afrikanso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3" title="آفریکانس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آفریکانس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans_bhasa" title="Afrikaans bhasa – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Afrikaans bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans_m%C3%A1l" title="Afrikaans mál – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Afrikaans mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaansk" title="Afrikaansk – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Afrikaansk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Afrac%C3%A1inis" title="An Afracáinis – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Afracáinis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afraganais" title="Afraganais – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Afraganais" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_afrikaans" title="Lingua afrikaans – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A0m-f%C3%AE_H%C3%B2-l%C3%A0n-ng%C3%AE" title="Nàm-fî Hò-làn-ngî – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Nàm-fî Hò-làn-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%B8%EC%8A%A4%EC%96%B4" title="아프리칸스어 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아프리칸스어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%86%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD" title="Աֆրիկաանս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աֆրիկաանս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अफ़्रीकान्स भाषा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अफ़्रीकान्स भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaan%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Afrikaanšćina – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Afrikaanšćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikansa_linguo" title="Afrikansa linguo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Afrikansa linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans_language" title="Afrikaans language – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Afrikaans language" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Afrikaans" title="Bahasa Afrikaans – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африкаанс – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Африкаанс" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiBhulu" title="IsiBhulu – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="IsiBhulu" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsiBhunu" title="IsiBhunu – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsiBhunu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afr%C3%ADkanska" title="Afríkanska – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Afríkanska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_afrikaans" title="Lingua afrikaans – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A1" title="אפריקאנס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אפריקאנס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Afrikaans" title="Basa Afrikaans – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanung_Afrikaans" title="Amanung Afrikaans – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Amanung Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Африкаанс тил – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Африкаанс тил" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="აფრიკაანსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აფრიკაანსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африкаанс – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Африкаанс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikinyafurikansi" title="Ikinyafurikansi – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikinyafurikansi" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiafrikana" title="Kiafrikana – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiafrikana" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_(%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2)" title="Африкаанс (кыв) – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Африкаанс (кыв)" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_afrikaans" title="Lingua afrikaans – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Lingua afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Batava_Capitensis" title="Lingua Batava Capitensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Batava Capitensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikandu_valoda" title="Afrikandu valoda – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Afrikandu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81_%D1%87%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Африкаанс чӀал – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Африкаанс чӀал" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikan%C5%B3_kalba" title="Afrikanų kalba – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Afrikanų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A8ngoa_afrikaans" title="Lèngoa afrikaans – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lèngoa afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikansi" title="Afrikansi – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Afrikansi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africans_(lingua)" title="Africans (lingua) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Africans (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans_nyelv" title="Afrikaans nyelv – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Afrikaans nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अफ्रिकी भाषा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="अफ्रिकी भाषा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африканс – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Африканс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_afrikansa" title="Fiteny afrikansa – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny afrikansa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ആഫ്രികാൻസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആഫ്രികാൻസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="आफ्रिकान्स भाषा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="आफ्रिकान्स भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="აფრიკაანსი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="აფრიკაანსი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3" title="لغه افريكانس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغه افريكانس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3" title="آفریکانس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آفریکانس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Afrikaans" title="Bahasa Afrikaans – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%90%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%9F%EA%AF%81_(%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F)" title="ꯑꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟꯁ (ꯂꯣꯟ) – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯐ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟꯁ (ꯂꯣꯟ)" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Afrikaans" title="Bahaso Afrikaans – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A0ng-h%C4%AD_H%C3%B2%CC%A4-l%C3%A0ng-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Nàng-hĭ Hò̤-làng-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Nàng-hĭ Hò̤-làng-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अफ्रिकी भाषा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अफ्रिकी भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अफ्रिकांस भाषा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अफ्रिकांस भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%95%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E8%AA%9E" title="アフリカーンス語 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アフリカーンス語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans_spriak" title="Afrikaans spriak – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Afrikaans spriak" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikansum" title="Afrikansum – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Afrikansum" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਅਫ਼ਰੀਕਾਂਸ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਫ਼ਰੀਕਾਂਸ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86" title="افریقان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="افریقان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="افريکانس ژبه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="افريکانس ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_afrikaans" title="Lenga afrikaans – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_afrikaans" title="Język afrikaans – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_afric%C3%A2ner" title="Língua africâner – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua africâner" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_afrikaans" title="Limba afrikaans – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikans_simi" title="Afrikans simi – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Afrikans simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Африцькый язык – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Африцькый язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африкаанс – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Африкаанс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fa%CA%BBa_Afelika" title="Faʻa Afelika – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Faʻa Afelika" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A5_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱᱥ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_afrikaans" title="Limba afrikaans – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans_leid" title="Afrikaans leid – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Afrikaans leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikoansk" title="Afrikoansk – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Afrikoansk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seburu" title="Seburu – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Seburu" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seburu" title="Seburu – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Seburu" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_afrikane" title="Gjuha afrikane – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha afrikane" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrik%C3%A1n%C4%8Dina" title="Afrikánčina – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Afrikánčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikan%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Afrikanščina – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Afrikanščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godka_afrikaans" title="Godka afrikaans – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Godka afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="ئەفریقایی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەفریقایی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африканс – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Африканс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Afrikaans" title="Wikang Afrikaans – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="ஆபிரிக்கான மொழி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆபிரிக்கான மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африкаанс – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Африкаанс" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="ภาษาอาฟรีกานส์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาอาฟรีกานส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африкаанс – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Африкаанс" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Venda" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="Venda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" title="Африкаанс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Африкаанс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B2" title="افریکانز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="افریکانز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DA%A7%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%95" title="ئاڧرىقانچە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاڧرىقانچە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngua_afrikaans" title="Łéngua afrikaans – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Afrikaans" title="Tiếng Afrikaans – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frikop%C3%A4nap%C3%BCk" title="Frikopänapük – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Frikopänapük" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaani_kiil" title="Afrikaani kiil – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Afrikaani kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Africanse" title="Africanse – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Africanse" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikoans" title="Afrikoans – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Afrikoans" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Afrikaans" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E8%AF%AD" title="南非语 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="南非语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xibhunu" title="Xibhunu – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Xibhunu" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_%C3%81fr%C3%ADk%C3%A1%C3%A1n%C3%AC" title="Èdè Áfríkáánì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Áfríkáánì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E6%96%87" title="南非荷蘭文 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="南非荷蘭文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaanki" title="Afrikaanki – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Afrikaanki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrikaons" title="Afrikaons – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Afrikaons" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above above" style="font-size:130%; color: black; background-color: #c9ffd9;">Afrikaans</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Pronunciation</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><small></small><span title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:IPA/Afrikaans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:IPA/Afrikaans (not yet started)">[afriˈkɑːns]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Native to</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native speakers</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">7.2 million (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-e19_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-e19-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />10.3 million <a href="/wiki/L2_speakers" class="mw-redirect" title="L2 speakers">L2 speakers</a> in South Africa (2002)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWebb200214:78_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWebb200214:78-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Language_family" title="Language family">Language family</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European</a> <ul style="line-height:100%; margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0"><li> <a href="/wiki/Germanic_languages" title="Germanic languages">Germanic</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/West_Germanic_languages" title="West Germanic languages">West Germanic</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Low_Franconian_languages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Low Franconian languages (not yet started)">Low Franconian</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Afrikaans</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Writing_system" title="Writing system">Writing system</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8662964">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin</a> using <a href="/w/index.php?title=Afrikaans_alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afrikaans alphabet (not yet started)">Afrikaans alphabet</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afrikaans_Braille&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afrikaans Braille (not yet started)">Afrikaans Braille</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="wrap"><a href="/wiki/Manually_coded_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Manually coded language">Signed forms</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Signed_Afrikaans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Signed Afrikaans (not yet started)">Signed Afrikaans</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #c9ffd9;">Official status</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Official language in</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Recognised minority<br />language in</div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="vertical-align:middle;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_language_regulators" title="List of language regulators">Regulated by</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Die_Taalkommissie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Die Taalkommissie (not yet started)">Die Taalkommissie</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: black; background-color: #c9ffd9;">Language codes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-1" title="ISO 639-1">ISO 639-1</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?iso_639_1=af">af</a></span></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?code_ID=9">afr</a></span></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/afr" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:afr">afr</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Glottolog" title="Glottolog">Glottolog</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/afri1274">afri1274</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Linguasphere_Observatory" title="Linguasphere Observatory">Linguasphere</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><code>52-ACB-ba</code></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Idioma_afrik%C3%A1ans.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Idioma_afrik%C3%A1ans.png/220px-Idioma_afrik%C3%A1ans.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b7/Idioma_afrik%C3%A1ans.png 1.5x" data-file-width="285" data-file-height="234" /></a></span><div style="text-align:left;">Regions shaded dark blue represent areas of concentrated Afrikaans-speaking communities</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint selfref" style="background-color:#E7E7FF;padding:0.3em 0.5em;text-align:left;line-height:1.3;"><b>This article contains <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a> phonetic symbols.</b> Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA#Rendering_issues" title="Help:IPA">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a> instead of <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Help:IPA</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="756" data-mwtitle="Uittreksel_uit_Geloftedagdiens,_16-Des-2016,_Ds_W_Slabbert_te_Pioniersmuseum.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Uittreksel_uit_Geloftedagdiens,_16-Des-2016,_Ds_W_Slabbert_te_Pioniersmuseum.ogg"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/Uittreksel_uit_Geloftedagdiens%2C_16-Des-2016%2C_Ds_W_Slabbert_te_Pioniersmuseum.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/Uittreksel_uit_Geloftedagdiens%2C_16-Des-2016%2C_Ds_W_Slabbert_te_Pioniersmuseum.ogg/Uittreksel_uit_Geloftedagdiens%2C_16-Des-2016%2C_Ds_W_Slabbert_te_Pioniersmuseum.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>Spoken Afrikaans</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Afrikaans</b> is a <a href="/wiki/West_Germanic_languages" title="West Germanic languages">West Germanic language</a> mainly spoken in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a>. It was originally the <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a> that developed among the <a href="/wiki/Afrikaner" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrikaner">Afrikaner</a> <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> <a href="/wiki/Settler" title="Settler">settlers</a>, the unfree workers, and <a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">slaves</a> brought to the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Town" title="Cape Town">Cape</a> area in southwestern South Africa by the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: <i lang="nl">Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie</i> - VOC) between <a href="/wiki/1652" title="1652">1652</a> and <a href="/wiki/1705" title="1705">1705</a>. Most of these first settlers were from the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, though there were also many from <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, some from <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, a few from <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>, and various other countries. The unfree workers and slaves were <a href="/wiki/Malay_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Malay people">Malays</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Malagasy</a> in addition to the native <a href="/wiki/Khoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Khoi">Khoi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bushmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Bushmen">Bushmen</a>. </p><p>Research by <a href="/w/index.php?title=J._A._Heese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="J. A. Heese (not yet started)">J. A. Heese</a> says that until <a href="/wiki/1807" title="1807">1807</a>, 36.8% of the ancestors of the White Afrikaans speaking population were Dutch, 35% were German, 14.6% were French and 7.2% non-white (of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">African</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asian</a> origins). Heese's figures are questioned by other researchers, however, and especially the non-white component quoted by Heese is very much in doubt. </p><p>A sizeable minority of those who speak Afrikaans as a first language are not <a href="/wiki/White_people" title="White people">white</a>. The dialect became known as "Cape Dutch". Later, Afrikaans was sometimes called "African Dutch" or "Kitchen Dutch". Afrikaans was considered a <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a> <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a> until the early <a href="/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century">20th century</a>, when it began to be widely known as a different language. The name <i>Afrikaans</i> is simply the Dutch word for <i>African</i>, and the language is the African form of Dutch. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afrikaans&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afrikaans&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaans_Language_Monument" title="Afrikaans Language Monument">Afrikaans Language Monument</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rieme.co.za/woordeboek.asp?t=1">Afrikaans-English Dictionary On-line</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afrikaans&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afrikaans&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671870">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/40px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/60px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/80px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><i><b><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="af:"> Afrikaans edition</a></b></i> of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>, the free encyclopedia</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://www.ethnologue.com/19/language/afr/">Afrikaans</a> at <i><a href="/wiki/Ethnologue" title="Ethnologue">Ethnologue</a></i> (19th ed., 2016)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWebb200214:78-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWebb200214:78_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWebb2002">Webb (2002)</a>, 14:78.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfnp error: no target: CITEREFWebb2002 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Aarons & Reynolds, "South African Sign Language" in Monaghan (ed.), <i>Many Ways to be Deaf: International Variation in Deaf Communities</i> (2003).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style 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transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Germanic_languages" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Germanic_languages" title="Germanic languages">Germanic languages</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id=".">.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="West" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/West_Germanic_languages" title="West Germanic languages">West</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Frisian_languages" title="Anglo-Frisian languages">Anglo-Frisian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anglic_languages" title="Anglic languages">Anglic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dialects_of_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Dialects of English">dialects</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Middle_English" title="Middle English">Middle English</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Modern_English" title="Modern English">Modern English</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_English" title="Early Modern English">Early Modern English</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><i>Irish Middle English</i> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fingallian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fingallian (not yet started)">Fingallian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kildare_Poems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kildare Poems (not yet started)">Kildare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yola_dialect" title="Yola dialect">Yola</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scots_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Scots language">Scots</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Early_Scots" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Scots">Early Scots</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Middle_Scots" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Scots">Middle Scots</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Frisian_languages" title="Frisian languages">Frisian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Frisian" title="Old Frisian">Old Frisian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle Frisian (not yet started)">Middle Frisian</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Frisian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="East Frisian language">East Frisian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saterland_Frisian_language" title="Saterland Frisian language">Saterland Frisian</a></li></ul></li> <li><i>Weser</i> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wangerooge_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wangerooge Frisian (not yet started)">Wangerooge Frisian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wursten_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wursten Frisian (not yet started)">Wursten Frisian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harlingerland_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harlingerland Frisian (not yet started)">Harlingerland Frisian</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Frisian_language" title="North Frisian language">North Frisian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Insular <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eiderstedt_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eiderstedt Frisian (not yet started)">Eiderstedt</a></i></li> <li>Föhr–Amrum <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%B6hr_North_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Föhr North Frisian (not yet started)">Föhr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amrum_North_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amrum North Frisian (not yet started)">Amrum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heligoland_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Heligoland Frisian (not yet started)">Heligolandic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylt_North_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylt North Frisian (not yet started)">Sylt</a></li></ul></li> <li>Mainland <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B%C3%B6kingharde_North_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bökingharde North Frisian (not yet started)">Bökingharde</a> <ul><li>Mooring</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halligen_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halligen Frisian (not yet started)">Halligen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goesharde_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Goesharde Frisian (not yet started)">Goesharde</a> <ul><li>Northern</li> <li>Central</li> <li><i>Southern</i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karrharde_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karrharde Frisian (not yet started)">Karrharde</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Strand_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Strand Frisian (not yet started)">Strand</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiedingharde_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wiedingharde Frisian (not yet started)">Wiedingharde</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Frisian_languages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Frisian languages (not yet started)">West Frisian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hindeloopen_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hindeloopen Frisian (not yet started)">Hindeloopen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Schiermonnikoog_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schiermonnikoog Frisian (not yet started)">Schiermonnikoog</a></li> <li>Westlauwers–Terschellings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Frisian_language" title="West Frisian language">Mainland West Frisian</a> <ul><li>Clay Frisian</li> <li>Wood Frisian <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Westereendersk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westereendersk (not yet started)">Westereendersk</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Terschelling_Frisian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terschelling Frisian (not yet started)">Terschelling</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Low_German" class="mw-redirect" title="Low German">Low German</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Saxon" title="Old Saxon">Old Saxon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Middle_Low_German" title="Middle Low German">Middle Low German</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Low_German" title="West Low German">West Low German</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Low_Saxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch Low Saxon">Dutch Low Saxon</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stellingwarfs_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stellingwarfs dialect (not yet started)">Stellingwarfs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tweants_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tweants dialect (not yet started)">Tweants</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gronings_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gronings dialect (not yet started)">Gronings</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dr%C3%A8ents_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drèents dialects (not yet started)">Drèents</a></li> <li>Gelders-Overijssels <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achterhooks" title="Achterhooks">Achterhooks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sallaans_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sallaans dialect (not yet started)">Sallaans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urkers_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urkers dialect (not yet started)">Urkers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Veluws_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veluws dialect (not yet started)">Veluws</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northern_Low_Saxon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northern Low Saxon (not yet started)">Northern Low Saxon</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Frisian_Low_Saxon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Frisian Low Saxon (not yet started)">East Frisian Low Saxon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastphalian_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastphalian language (not yet started)">Eastphalian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westphalian_language" title="Westphalian language">Westphalian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Low_German" title="East Low German">East Low German</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch dialect (not yet started)">Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brandenburgisch_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brandenburgisch dialect (not yet started)">Brandenburgisch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Pomeranian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Pomeranian (not yet started)">Central Pomeranian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Pomeranian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Pomeranian (not yet started)">East Pomeranian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Low_Prussian_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Low Prussian dialect (not yet started)">Low Prussian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plautdietsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plautdietsch (not yet started)">Plautdietsch / Mennonite Low German</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Low_Franconian" title="Low Franconian">Low Franconian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frankish_language" title="Frankish language">Frankish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Dutch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Dutch (not yet started)">Old Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Dutch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle Dutch (not yet started)">Middle Dutch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard language (not yet started)">Standard variants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Afrikaans</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaaps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaaps (not yet started)">Kaaps</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West Low Franconian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Dutch_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Dutch dialects (not yet started)">Central Dutch</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hollandic_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hollandic dialect (not yet started)">Hollandic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Flemish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Flemish (not yet started)">West Flemish</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Flemish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="French Flemish (not yet started)">French Flemish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zeelandic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zeelandic (not yet started)">Zeelandic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Flemish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Flemish (not yet started)">East Flemish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brabantian_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Brabantian dialect (not yet started)">Brabantian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kleverlandish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kleverlandish (not yet started)">Kleverlandish</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Surinamese_Dutch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Surinamese Dutch (not yet started)">Surinamese Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jersey_Dutch_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jersey Dutch language (not yet started)">Jersey Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mohawk_Dutch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mohawk Dutch (not yet started)">Mohawk Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stadsfries_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stadsfries dialects (not yet started)">Stadsfries</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bildts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bildts (not yet started)">Bildts</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Amelands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amelands (not yet started)">Amelands</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Midslands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Midslands (not yet started)">Midslands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Low_Franconian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Low Franconian (not yet started)">East Low Franconian</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limburgish" title="Limburgish">Limburgish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cover groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bergish_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bergish dialects (not yet started)">Bergish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meuse-Rhenish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meuse-Rhenish (not yet started)">Meuse-Rhenish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/High_German_languages" title="High German languages">High German</a> <br /> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_High_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old High German (not yet started)">Old High German</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Middle_High_German" title="Middle High German">Middle High German</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_High_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New High German (not yet started)">New High German</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Early_New_High_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Early New High German (not yet started)">Early New High German</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Standard_German" title="Standard German">Standard German</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=German_Standard_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="German Standard German (not yet started)">German Standard German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_German" title="Austrian German">Austrian Standard German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Standard_German" title="Swiss Standard German">Swiss Standard German</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Standard_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Standard language (not yet started)">standard variants</a><br /> and <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">creoles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Namibian_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Namibian German (not yet started)">Namibian German</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Namibian_Black_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Namibian Black German (not yet started)">Namibian Black German</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Berlin_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berlin German (not yet started)">Berlinerisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unserdeutsch" title="Unserdeutsch">Unserdeutsch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barossa_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barossa German (not yet started)">Barossa German</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rotwelsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rotwelsch (not yet started)">Rotwelsch</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lotegorisch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lotegorisch (not yet started)">Lotegorisch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yenish_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yenish language (not yet started)">Yenish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yiddish_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yiddish dialects (not yet started)">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yiddish_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yiddish dialects (not yet started)">Western</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Jews_in_Scotland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of the Jews in Scotland (not yet started)">Scots Yiddish</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klezmer-loshn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klezmer-loshn (not yet started)">Klezmer-loshn</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lachoudisch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lachoudisch (not yet started)">Lachoudisch</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_German" title="Central German">Central German</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Central_German" title="West Central German">West Central German</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Franconian_languages" title="Central Franconian languages">Central Franconian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ripuarian_language" title="Ripuarian language">Ripuarian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colognian_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Colognian dialect">Colognian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southeast_Limburgish_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southeast Limburgish dialect (not yet started)">Southeast Limburgish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moselle_Franconian_language" title="Moselle Franconian language">Moselle Franconian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxembourgish">Luxembourgish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transylvanian_Saxon_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transylvanian Saxon dialect (not yet started)">Transylvanian Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hunsr%C3%BCckisch_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hunsrückisch dialect (not yet started)">Hunsrückisch</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hunsrik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hunsrik (not yet started)">Hunsrik</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhenish_Franconian_languages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhenish Franconian languages (not yet started)">Rhine Franconian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lorraine_Franconian" title="Lorraine Franconian">Lorraine Franconian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palatine_German_language" title="Palatine German language">Palatine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volga_Germans#Language" title="Volga Germans">Volga German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Dutch_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pennsylvania Dutch language">Pennsylvania Dutch</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hessian_dialects" title="Hessian dialects">Hessian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Central_Hessian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Central Hessian (not yet started)">Central Hessian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amana_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amana German (not yet started)">Amana German</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Central_German" title="East Central German">East Central German</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thuringian_dialect" title="Thuringian dialect">Thuringian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Saxon_German" title="Upper Saxon German">Upper Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erzgebirgisch" title="Erzgebirgisch">Erzgebirgisch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatian_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lusatian dialects (not yet started)">Lusatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silesian_German" title="Silesian German">Silesian German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Prussian_dialect" title="High Prussian dialect">High Prussian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wymysorys_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wymysorys language (not yet started)">Wymysorys</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alzenau_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alzenau dialect (not yet started)">Halcnovian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Upper_German" title="Upper German">Upper German</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alemannic_German" title="Alemannic German">Alemannic</a> in the broad sense <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Low_Alemannic_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Low Alemannic German (not yet started)">Low Alemannic</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsatian_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alsatian dialect (not yet started)">Alsatian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colonia_Tovar_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colonia Tovar dialect (not yet started)">Coloniero</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=High_Alemannic_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High Alemannic German (not yet started)">High Alemannic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_German" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss German">Swiss German</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Highest_Alemannic_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Highest Alemannic German (not yet started)">Highest Alemannic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walser_German" title="Walser German">Walser German</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swabian_German" title="Swabian German">Swabian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bavarian language">Bavarian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Bavarian" title="Northern Bavarian">Northern Bavarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bavarian" title="Central Bavarian">Central Bavarian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viennese_German" title="Viennese German">Viennese German</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Bavarian" title="Southern Bavarian">Southern Bavarian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Tyrolean_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Tyrolean dialect (not yet started)">South Tyrolean</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cimbrian_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cimbrian language (not yet started)">Cimbrian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%B2cheno_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mòcheno language (not yet started)">Mòcheno</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hutterite_German&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hutterite German (not yet started)">Hutterite German</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gottscheerish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gottscheerish (not yet started)">Gottscheerish</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Franconian_German" title="South Franconian German">South Franconian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Franconian_German" title="East Franconian German">East Franconian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vogtlandian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vogtlandian (not yet started)">Vogtlandian</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lombardic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lombardic language (not yet started)">Langobardic</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="North_and_East" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/North_Germanic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="North Germanic languages">North</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Germanic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="East Germanic languages">East</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Germanic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="North Germanic languages">North</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Norse_language" title="Proto-Norse language">Proto-Norse</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a></i> <ul><li><i>Old West Norse</i></li> <li><i>Old East Norse</i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Gutnish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Gutnish (not yet started)">Old Gutnish</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bergensk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bergensk (not yet started)">Bergensk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kebabnorsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kebabnorsk (not yet started)">Kebabnorsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sognam%C3%A5l_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sognamål dialect (not yet started)">Sognamål</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tr%C3%B8ndersk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trøndersk (not yet started)">Trøndersk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hallingm%C3%A5l-Valdris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hallingmål-Valdris (not yet started)">Valdris</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vestlandsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vestlandsk (not yet started)">Vestlandsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vikv%C3%A6rsk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vikværsk (not yet started)">Vikværsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bokm%C3%A5l" title="Bokmål">Bokmål</a> (written)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nynorsk" title="Nynorsk">Nynorsk</a> (written)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Norwegian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Norwegian (not yet started)">Old Norwegian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_Norwegian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle Norwegian (not yet started)">Middle Norwegian</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroese_language" title="Faroese language">Faroese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_language" title="Icelandic language">Icelandic</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse#Old_Icelandic" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Norse">Old Icelandic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Icelandic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Icelandic (not yet started)">Middle Icelandic</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Greenlandic_Norse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Greenlandic Norse (not yet started)">Greenlandic Norse</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norn_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Norn language (not yet started)">Norn</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Swedish_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Swedish dialects (not yet started)">Swedish dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rinkeby_Swedish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rinkeby Swedish (not yet started)">Rinkebysvenska</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Danish_dialects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Danish dialects (not yet started)">Danish dialects</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Insular_Danish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Insular Danish (not yet started)">Insular Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jutlandic_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jutlandic dialect (not yet started)">Jutlandic</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Jutlandic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Jutlandic (not yet started)">South Jutlandic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Danish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Danish (not yet started)">East Danish</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bornholm_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bornholm dialect (not yet started)">Bornholmsk</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scanian_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scanian dialect (not yet started)">Scanian</a> (historically)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Schleswig_Danish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southern Schleswig Danish (not yet started)">Southern Schleswig Danish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%B8tudanskt_accent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gøtudanskt accent (not yet started)">Gøtudanskt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perkerdansk&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perkerdansk (not yet started)">Perkerdansk</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Danish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Danish (not yet started)">Old Danish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_Danish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of Danish (not yet started)">Middle Danish</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalecarlian_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dalecarlian language (not yet started)">Dalecarlian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elfdalian&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elfdalian (not yet started)">Elfdalian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Gutnish <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gutnish_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gutnish language (not yet started)">Mainland Gutnish</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A5r%C3%B6m%C3%A5l_dialect&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fårömål dialect (not yet started)">Fårö Gutnish</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><i><a href="/wiki/East_Germanic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="East Germanic languages">East</a></i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gothic_language" title="Gothic language">Gothic</a></i> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crimean_Gothic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crimean Gothic (not yet started)">Crimean Gothic</a></i>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burgundians#Language" title="Burgundians">Burgundian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vandalic_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vandalic language (not yet started)">Vandalic</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Philology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanic_philology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanic philology (not yet started)">Philology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Maurer_(linguist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Maurer (linguist) (not yet started)">Language subgroups</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Germanic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="North Germanic languages">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Germanic_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="East Germanic languages">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Germanic_languages" title="West Germanic languages">West</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elbe_Germanic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elbe Germanic (not yet started)">Elbe (Irminonic)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weser-Rhine_Germanic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Weser-Rhine Germanic (not yet started)">Weser-Rhine (Istvaeonic)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sea_Germanic" title="North Sea Germanic">North Sea (Ingvaeonic)</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Northwest_Germanic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Northwest Germanic (not yet started)">Northwest</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gotho-Nordic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gotho-Nordic (not yet started)">Gotho-Nordic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=South_Germanic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="South Germanic (not yet started)">South</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reconstructed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Proto-Germanic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Germanic language">Proto-Germanic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proto-Germanic_grammar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proto-Germanic grammar (not yet started)">Proto-Germanic grammar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanic_parent_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanic parent language (not yet started)">Germanic parent language</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ancient_Belgian_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ancient Belgian language (not yet started)">Ancient Belgian language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diachronic features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grimm%27s_law" title="Grimm's law">Grimm's law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Verner%27s_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Verner's law (not yet started)">Verner's law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holtzmann%27s_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holtzmann's law (not yet started)">Holtzmann's law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sievers%27s_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sievers's law (not yet started)">Sievers's law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kluge%27s_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kluge's law (not yet started)">Kluge's law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanic_substrate_hypothesis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanic substrate hypothesis (not yet started)">Germanic substrate hypothesis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=West_Germanic_gemination&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="West Germanic gemination (not yet started)">West Germanic gemination</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=High_German_consonant_shift&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="High German consonant shift (not yet started)">High German consonant shift</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanic_a-mutation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanic a-mutation (not yet started)">Germanic a-mutation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_umlaut" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic umlaut">Germanic umlaut</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanic_spirant_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanic spirant law (not yet started)">Germanic spirant law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ingvaeonic_nasal_spirant_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law (not yet started)">Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Vowel_Shift" title="Great Vowel Shift">Great Vowel Shift</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Synchronic features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanic_verb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanic verb (not yet started)">Germanic verb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanic_strong_verb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanic strong verb (not yet started)">Germanic strong verb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanic_weak_verb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanic weak verb (not yet started)">Germanic weak verb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germanic_verb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Germanic verb (not yet started)">Preterite-present verb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grammatischer_Wechsel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grammatischer Wechsel (not yet started)">Grammatischer Wechsel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indo-European_ablaut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indo-European ablaut (not yet started)">Indo-European ablaut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Italics</i> indicate <a href="/wiki/Language_death" title="Language death">extinct languages</a></li> <li>Languages between parentheses are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Variety_(linguistics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Variety (linguistics) (not yet started)">varieties</a> of the language on their left.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122492"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=South_Africa&#124;link=South_Africa_Official_Languages_of_South_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122447"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Languages_of_South_Africa" title="Template:Languages of South Africa"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Languages_of_South_Africa" title="Template talk:Languages of South Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Languages_of_South_Africa&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=South_Africa&#124;link=South_Africa_Official_Languages_of_South_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><img alt="South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_South_Africa" title="Languages of South Africa">Official Languages</a> of <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Germanic_languages" title="Germanic languages">West Germanic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Afrikaans</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/South_African_English" title="South African English">English</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Bantu_languages" title="Southern Bantu languages">Southern Bantu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sotho-Tswana_languages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sotho-Tswana languages (not yet started)">Sotho-Tswana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho_language" title="Northern Sotho language">Northern Sotho (Sepedi)</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sotho_language" title="Sotho language">Sesotho</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Tswana (Setswana)</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Southern_Ndebele_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Southern Ndebele language (not yet started)">Southern Ndebele (isiNdebele)</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nguni_languages" title="Nguni languages">Nguni</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Swazi_language" title="Swazi language">Swazi (siSwati)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Xhosa_language" title="Xhosa language">Xhosa (isiXhosa)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zulu_language" title="Zulu language">Zulu (isiZulu)</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Venda_language" title="Venda language">Venda (Tshivenda)</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tsonga_language" title="Tsonga language">Tsonga (Xitsonga)</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122492"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14196#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14196#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14196#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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