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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Palestinian Bishop Emeritus</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;color: #202122; background-color: #DFB0DF;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;">The Right Reverend</div><br /><div style="display:inline" class="fn">Munib Younan</div><br /><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;">D.D.</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader role">Bishop Emeritus of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Munib_Younan_2015.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Munib_Younan_2015.jpg/220px-Munib_Younan_2015.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Munib_Younan_2015.jpg/330px-Munib_Younan_2015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Munib_Younan_2015.jpg/440px-Munib_Younan_2015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="2100" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Bishop Munib Younan in 2015</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Church</th><td class="infobox-data org"><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Jordan_and_the_Holy_Land" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land</a></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Installed</th><td class="infobox-data">1998</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Term ended</th><td class="infobox-data">2018</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Orders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ordination</th><td class="infobox-data">1976</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consecration</th><td class="infobox-data">5 January 1998</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Munib Younan</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1950-09-18</span>) </span>18 September 1950<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 74)</span><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Palestinian" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian">Palestinian</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Denomination</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data">Andria Younan & Alice Qandalaft</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Suad Yacoub</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">University of Helsinki</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_School_of_Theology_at_Chicago" title="Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago">Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Munib Younan</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">منيب يونان</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Munīb Yūnān</i></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Arabic pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ar-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[mʊ.niːb<span class="wrap"> </span>juː.naːn]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/51\/Muneb_the_greek.ogg\/Muneb_the_greek.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Muneb the greek.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/Muneb_the_greek.ogg/Muneb_the_greek.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Muneb_the_greek.ogg" title="File:Muneb the greek.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; born 18 September 1950 in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>) is a <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian people">Palestinian</a> <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">Bishop</a> Emeritus of the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_in_Jordan_and_the_Holy_Land" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land">Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land</a> (ELCJHL). </p><p>From January 1998 to January 2018 he was Bishop of the ELCJHL. He retired in January 2018, but continues to serve as Bishop Emeritus, and remains a member of the Church Council of ELCJHL.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He served as <a href="/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">President</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_World_Federation" title="Lutheran World Federation">Lutheran World Federation</a> from 2010 to 2017. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Munib Younan was born into a native <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian Christian">Jerusalemite</a> family of Assyrian origin that <a href="/wiki/Religious_conversion" title="Religious conversion">converted</a> to <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a>. </p><p>He studied <a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">deaconry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a> in <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>. He began studies in deaconry at Luther Opisto (college) in <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rvenp%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Järvenpää">Järvenpää</a> 1969–1972. Thereafter Younan studied theology at the <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Helsinki University">Helsinki University</a> in 1972–1976, receiving a <a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">Master of Arts</a> in Theology in 1976. He also studied theology at the <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_School_of_Theology_at_Chicago" title="Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago">Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago</a> in 1988. </p><p>Younan has been married since 1980 to Suad Yacoub from <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>, whose family originates from <a href="/wiki/Kfar_Bir%27im" class="mw-redirect" title="Kfar Bir'im">Kfar Bir'im</a>. Mrs. Younan is the Director of the Helen Keller School for the Blind in <a href="/wiki/Beit_Hanina" title="Beit Hanina">Beit Hanina</a>. They have three children and several grandchildren. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career_and_activities">Career and activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career and activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Younan was ordained at the <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church_of_the_Redeemer,_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran Church of the Redeemer, Jerusalem">Church of the Redeemer</a> in Jerusalem and served pastorates in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beit_Jala" title="Beit Jala">Beit Jala</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ramallah" title="Ramallah">Ramallah</a>. Since 1990 Younan served as the president of the ELCJHL synod. In 1998 Younan was consecrated bishop of the ELCJHL. </p><p>He has also chaired the Board of Directors for the LWF owned Augusta Victoria Hospital in Jerusalem. Younan is the patron of Gospel Riders Jerusalem - a motorcycle club operating in cooperation with Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Mission.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Younan has been actively engaged in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Council_of_Churches" title="Middle East Council of Churches">Middle East Council of Churches</a>, in various positions since 1985 including as the president of its Evangelical Family until 2018. Younan served as president of the Fellowship of the Middle East Evangelical Churches (FMEEC) in 2004–2010, which during his presidency unanimously voted if favor of the ordination of women as pastors. Younan is also a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Accompaniment_Programme_in_Palestine_and_Israel" title="Ecumenical Accompaniment Programme in Palestine and Israel">Ecumenical Accompaniment Programme in Palestine and Israel</a> (EAPPI), serving as the chair of Local Reference Group since 2002. </p><p>Younan is a co-founder of the Council of Religious Institutions in the Holy Land, made up of the two chief rabbis of Israel, heads of the local churches, the Chief Judge of the Islamic Court in Palestine and other Muslim leaders. In 2006, Younan was a co-signatory of the <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Declaration_on_Christian_Zionism" title="Jerusalem Declaration on Christian Zionism">Jerusalem Declaration on Christian Zionism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Declaration_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Declaration-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 15 December 2009, he signed the <a href="/wiki/Kairos_Palestine#The_Kairos_Palestine_document" title="Kairos Palestine">Kairos Palestine Document</a> along with 12 other Palestinian <a href="/wiki/Patriarch" title="Patriarch">patriarchs</a> and heads of church from other <a href="/wiki/Christian_denomination" title="Christian denomination">Christian denominations</a>. The document references the 1985 <a href="/wiki/Kairos_Document" title="Kairos Document">Kairos South Africa Document</a> and condemns what it calls "the military occupation of our land [...] a sin against God and humanity" and characterises what it perceives as such as "oppression, displacement, suffering and clear apartheid for more than six decades". It calls for international support and "peace with the establishment of an independent Palestinian state with <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Al-Quds</a> as its capital".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Younan was elected on 24 July 2010 President of the Lutheran World Federation (LWF), an organization that represents 145 churches in 79 countries around the world representing 70 million Christians. In his role as LWF President, Younan has demonstrated untiring leadership speaking to Lutheran Church gatherings in numerous settings on five continents and represented Lutherans in Ecumenical Discussions. Previously he had served as the LWF vice president for the Asian region from 2004 to 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He sits on the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Trustees" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Trustees">board of trustees</a> of the Yasser Arafat Foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 31 October 2016, with <a href="/wiki/Pope_Francis" title="Pope Francis">Pope Francis</a> and The Lutheran World Federation General Secretary The Rev. Martin Junge, Younan signed a Joint Statement commemorating the <a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Lutheran Reformation</a> and Historical Reconciliation between the Lutheran and Roman Catholic Churches. The co-hosted service was the first of its kind in 500 years.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Achievements">Achievements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Achievements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Younan is the author of two books. In <i>Witnessing for Peace: In Jerusalem and in the World</i>, published by Augsburg Fortress Press in 2003,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Younan presents the historical and social context of the Palestinian situation, beginning with the not-well-known story of <a href="/wiki/Arab_Christian" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab Christian">Arab Christianity</a> and his own indigenous Assyrian background. He elaborates his own theology of nonviolence, centered on the call to witness, heeding a call to justice, inclusion, and forgiveness. <i>Our Shared Witness: A Voice for Justice and Reconciliation</i><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a compilation of some of Younan's speeches, sermons, articles and conference presentations that reflect his prophetic voice. He also edited the <a href="/wiki/Augsburg_Confession" title="Augsburg Confession">Augsburg Confession</a> in Arabic (Emerezian Est., Jerusalem, 1993). He is the author of many other articles and a participant at conferences throughout the world.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Younan is also recognized as a leader of interfaith dialogue and an advocate for dialogue, peace, and gender justice issues in Palestine and Israel. After his retirement bishop Younan has been nominated honorary president of <a href="/wiki/Religions_for_Peace" title="Religions for Peace">Religions for Peace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distinctions">Distinctions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Distinctions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Munib_Younan" title="Special:EditPage/Munib Younan">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Munib+Younan%22">"Munib Younan"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Munib+Younan%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Munib+Younan%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Munib+Younan%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Munib+Younan%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Munib+Younan%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ecclesiastical_decorations">Ecclesiastical decorations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Ecclesiastical decorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>St. Henrik Cross from the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Finland (2011)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academic_distinctions">Academic distinctions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Academic distinctions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_doctorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary doctorate">Honorary doctorate</a> from <a href="/wiki/Wartburg_College" title="Wartburg College">Wartburg College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>, US (2001)</li> <li>Honorary doctorate from <a href="/wiki/University_of_M%C3%BCnster" title="University of Münster">University of Münster</a>, Germany (2014)</li> <li>Honorary doctorate from <a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">University of Helsinki</a>, Finland (2023).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards_and_prizes">Awards and prizes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Awards and prizes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Sunhak_Peace_Prize" title="Sunhak Peace Prize">Sunhak Peace Prize</a>, Korea (2020)</li> <li>The Building Bridges of Understanding Award, Georgetown University, Washington, DC (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niwano_Peace_Prize" title="Niwano Peace Prize">Niwano Peace Prize</a>, Japan (2017)</li> <li>Mikael Agricola Medallion, Finland (2008)</li> <li>Templar Peace Prize (2007)</li> <li>Bethlehem Star Award from Palestinian President <a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Abbas" title="Mahmoud Abbas">Mahmoud Abbas</a> (2005)</li> <li>Holyland Christian Ecumenical Foundation (HCEF) Prize, Washington, DC (2004)</li> <li>Bethanien (Bethany) Prize, Methodist Church, Oslo, Norway (2004)</li> <li>Human Rights Award from the United Nations Association, Washington, DC (2001)</li> <li>The Finnish Peace Prize from the Finnish Christian Peace Movement (2001)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">transliterated in <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">מוניב יונאן</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Christians" title="Palestinian Christians">Palestinian Christians</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yaf.ps/page-439-ar.html"><bdi lang="ar">المطران منيب يونان - مجلس أمناء المؤسسة</bdi></a> [Bishop Munib Younan - The Foundation's Board of Trustees]. <i>Yasser Arafat Foundation</i> (in Arabic). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211118114601/https://yaf.ps/page-439-ar.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Catholic+Herald&rft.atitle=Full+text%3A+Joint+Declaration+for+the+500th+anniversary+of+Reformation&rft.date=2016-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicherald.co.uk%2Fnews%2F2016%2F10%2F31%2Ffull-text-joint-declaration-for-the-500th-anniversary-of-reformation%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunib+Younan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYounan2003" class="citation book cs1">Younan, Munib (2003). Strickert, Fred (ed.). <i>Witnessing for Peace: In Jerusalem and the World</i>. Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Witnessing+for+Peace%3A+In+Jerusalem+and+the+World&rft.place=Minneapolis&rft.pub=Augsburg+Fortress&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Younan&rft.aufirst=Munib&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunib+Younan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYounan2012" class="citation book cs1">Younan, Munib (2012). <i>Our shared witness: A voice of Justice and Reconciliation</i>. Minneapolis: Lutheran University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Our+shared+witness%3A+A+voice+of+Justice+and+Reconciliation&rft.place=Minneapolis&rft.pub=Lutheran+University+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Younan&rft.aufirst=Munib&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunib+Younan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rfp.org/leadership_member/bishop-dr-munib-younan/">"Full text: Bishop Dr. Munib Younan"</a>. <i>Religions for Peace</i>. 13 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Religions+for+Peace&rft.atitle=Full+text%3A+Bishop+Dr.+Munib+Younan&rft.date=2020-10-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rfp.org%2Fleadership_member%2Fbishop-dr-munib-younan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunib+Younan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110203021908/http://www.elcjhl.org/admin/bishop/biographicalsketch.asp">"Munib Younan - biographical sketch"</a>. <i>Evangelical Lutheran Church in Jordan and the Holy Land</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elcjhl.org/admin/bishop/biographicalsketch.asp">the original</a> on 3 February 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Evangelical+Lutheran+Church+in+Jordan+and+the+Holy+Land&rft.atitle=Munib+Younan+-+biographical+sketch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elcjhl.org%2Fadmin%2Fbishop%2Fbiographicalsketch.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMunib+Younan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Munib_Younan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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.navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Niwano_Peace_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Footer_Niwano_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Template:Footer Niwano Peace Prize laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Footer_Niwano_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Template talk:Footer Niwano Peace Prize laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Footer_Niwano_Peace_Prize_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Footer Niwano Peace Prize laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Niwano_Peace_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Niwano_Peace_Prize" title="Niwano Peace Prize">Niwano Peace Prize laureates</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9lder_C%C3%A2mara" title="Hélder Câmara">Hélder Câmara</a> (1983)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Homer_A._Jack" title="Homer A. Jack">Homer A. Jack</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zhao_Puchu" title="Zhao Puchu">Zhao Puchu</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Philip_Potter_(church_leader)" title="Philip Potter (church leader)">Philip A. Potter</a> (1986)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/World_Muslim_Congress" title="World Muslim Congress">World Muslim Congress</a> (1987)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Etai_Yamada" title="Etai Yamada">Etai Yamada</a> (1989)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Cousins" title="Norman Cousins">Norman Cousins</a> (1990)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_Goss-Mayr" title="Hildegard Goss-Mayr">Hildegard Goss-Mayr</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/A._T._Ariyaratne" title="A. T. Ariyaratne">A. T. Ariyaratne</a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neve_Shalom" title="Neve Shalom">Neve Shalom</a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Evaristo_Arns" title="Paulo Evaristo Arns">Paulo Evaristo Arns</a> (1994)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/M._Aram" title="M. Aram">M. Aram</a> (1995)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marii_Hasegawa" title="Marii Hasegawa">Marii Hasegawa</a> (1996)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Corrymeela_Community" title="Corrymeela Community">Corrymeela Community</a> (1997)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Preah_Maha_Ghosananda" title="Preah Maha Ghosananda">Maha Ghosananda</a> (1998)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Sant%27Egidio" title="Community of Sant'Egidio">Community of Sant'Egidio</a> (1999)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kang_Won-yong" title="Kang Won-yong">Kang Won-yong</a> (2000)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elias_Chacour" title="Elias Chacour">Elias Chacour</a> (2001)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Ruiz" title="Samuel Ruiz">Samuel Ruiz García</a> (2002)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Scilla_Elworthy" title="Scilla Elworthy">Scilla Elworthy</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acholi_Religious_Leaders_Peace_Initiative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Acholi Religious Leaders Peace Initiative (page does not exist)">Acholi Religious Leaders Peace Initiative</a> (2004)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hans_K%C3%BCng" title="Hans Küng">Hans Küng</a> (2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rabbis_for_Human_Rights" title="Rabbis for Human Rights">Rabbis for Human Rights</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Yen" title="Cheng Yen">Cheng Yen</a> (2007)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Hassan_bin_Talal" title="Prince Hassan bin Talal">Prince Hassan bin Talal</a> (2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gideon_Byamugisha" title="Gideon Byamugisha">Gideon Byamugisha</a> (2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ela_Bhatt" title="Ela Bhatt">Ela Bhatt</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sulak_Sivaraksa" title="Sulak Sivaraksa">Sulak Sivaraksa</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosalina_Tuyuc" title="Rosalina Tuyuc">Rosalina Tuyuc</a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_St%C3%A5lsett" title="Gunnar Stålsett">Gunnar Stålsett</a> (2013)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dena_Merriam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dena Merriam (page does not exist)">Dena Merriam</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Esther_Ibanga" title="Esther Ibanga">Esther Ibanga</a> (2015)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Center_for_Peace_Building_and_Reconciliation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Center for Peace Building and Reconciliation (page does not exist)">Center for Peace Building and Reconciliation</a> (2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Munib Younan</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adyan_Foundation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adyan Foundation (page does not exist)">Adyan Foundation</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Paul_Lederach" title="John Paul Lederach">John Paul Lederach</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pomnyun" title="Pomnyun">Pomnyun</a> (2020)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shih_Chao-hwei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shih Chao-hwei (page does not exist)">Shih Chao-hwei</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Lapsley" title="Michael Lapsley">Michael Lapsley</a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rajagopal_P._V." title="Rajagopal P. V.">Rajagopal P. V.</a> (2023)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968737#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968737#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968737#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1132663377">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2003100654">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/5000665">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Younan, Munib A., 1950-"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000255813&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007270264805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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