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The Happiness Cage - Wikipedia

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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-style: italic;">The Happiness Cage</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Poster_of_the_movie_The_Happiness_Cage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/bd/Poster_of_the_movie_The_Happiness_Cage.jpg/220px-Poster_of_the_movie_The_Happiness_Cage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="332" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/b/bd/Poster_of_the_movie_The_Happiness_Cage.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="257" data-file-height="388" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Directed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Girard" title="Bernard Girard">Bernard Girard</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Written by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dennis_Reardon&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dennis Reardon (page does not exist)">Dennis Reardon</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ron_Whyte" title="Ron Whyte">Ron Whyte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Starring</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Walken" title="Christopher Walken">Christopher Walken</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Joss_Ackland" title="Joss Ackland">Joss Ackland</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Meeker" title="Ralph Meeker">Ralph Meeker</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Distributed by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cinerama_Releasing_Corporation" title="Cinerama Releasing Corporation">Cinerama Releasing Corporation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Release date</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist film-date"> <ul><li>1972<span style="display:none">&#160;(<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1972</span>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; white-space: normal;">Running time</div></th><td class="infobox-data">94 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data">Denmark<br />United States<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap; padding-right: 0.65em;">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>The Happiness Cage</b></i> is a 1972 American <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">science fiction film</a> directed by <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Girard" title="Bernard Girard">Bernard Girard</a>. The film stars <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Walken" title="Christopher Walken">Christopher Walken</a> in his first starring role and <a href="/wiki/Joss_Ackland" title="Joss Ackland">Joss Ackland</a>. The film was also known as <i><b>The Mind Snatchers</b></i> and <i><b>The Demon Within</b></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-sf-encyclopedia.com_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sf-encyclopedia.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Happiness_Cage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After an altercation at a party given by his girlfriend, U.S. Army private James Reese is arrested for assault. Reese comes to the attention of Major, the head of Army program attempting to help those with terminal illnesses deal with their pain via a brain implant. Reese is determined to suffer from schizophrenia, making him an excellent candidate for the experimental program. Dr. Frederick is trying to find a way to ease the aggressive nature of soldiers by developing a microchip to access the pleasure centers of their brains. </p><p>Reese is transferred to the Veterans Hospital in Frankfurt, where the experiments are being conducted by United States Army. However, the experiment has taken a darker turn. </p><p>The Army doctors are drilling into the patients’ skulls, attach wires, and alter their brains to create better soldiers and happier men — human robots. The patients are three veterans waiting to go into the operation clinic. The implant is placed into Reese. Another soldier with the implant goes berserk, and Reese rips the wires and connections away from the soldier, the soldier dies. Reese escapes the hospital but is recaptured. He refuses to activate the implant, but the Major overrides his decision and activates it. </p><p>Reese, now docile and controlled by the Major, appears at a press conference as proof of the success of the program.<sup id="cite_ref-sf-encyclopedia.com_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sf-encyclopedia.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reception">Reception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Happiness_Cage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Reception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The film contains some brilliant performances, according to the review in <i>The New York Times</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> They also state that the story works better as a play than a movie, although Walken's performance was found to be gripping.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_of_Science_Fiction" title="The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction">The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction</a></i> finds the movie limited by its low budget and its origins as a stage play, but noted it explores some of the same themes as the later <i><a href="/wiki/A_Clockwork_Orange_(film)" title="A Clockwork Orange (film)">A Clockwork Orange</a></i>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/TV_Guide" title="TV Guide">TV Guide</a> found the movie had some very interesting parts, but that the movie was ultimately unsuccessful. It praised the work of Walken, but found the direction needs a more imaginative approach, and dialogue artificial.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cast">Cast</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Happiness_Cage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Cast"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Walken" title="Christopher Walken">Christopher Walken</a> as Pvt. James H. Reese</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joss_Ackland" title="Joss Ackland">Joss Ackland</a> as Dr. Frederick</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Meeker" title="Ralph Meeker">Ralph Meeker</a> as The Major</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronny_Cox" title="Ronny Cox">Ronny Cox</a> as Sgt. Boford Miles</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_St._John" title="Marco St. John">Marco St. John</a> as Lawrence Shannon</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bette_Henritze" title="Bette Henritze">Bette Henritze</a> as Anna Kraus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Travers_(actress)" title="Susan Travers (actress)">Susan Travers</a> as Nurse Schroeder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birthe_Neumann" title="Birthe Neumann">Birthe Neumann</a> as Lisa</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claus_Nissen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Claus Nissen (page does not exist)">Claus Nissen</a> as Army Psychiatrist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Happiness_Cage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This film is based on Dennis J. Reardon’s acclaimed play <i>The Happiness Cage</i>, which opened at <a href="/wiki/The_Public_Theater" title="The Public Theater">Joseph Papp Public Theater’s</a> Newman Theater in New York on October 4, 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Happiness_Cage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&amp;Movie=54595">"The Happiness Cage"</a>. <i>American Film Institute</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=American+Film+Institute&amp;rft.atitle=The+Happiness+Cage&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afi.com%2Fmembers%2Fcatalog%2FDetailView.aspx%3Fs%3D%26Movie%3D54595&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Happiness+Cage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sf-encyclopedia.com-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sf-encyclopedia.com_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sf-encyclopedia.com_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sf-encyclopedia.com/entry/mind_snatchers_the">"SFE: Mind Snatchers, The"</a>. <i>Sf-encyclopedia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Sf-encyclopedia.com&amp;rft.atitle=SFE%3A+Mind+Snatchers%2C+The&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsf-encyclopedia.com%2Fentry%2Fmind_snatchers_the&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Happiness+Cage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1972/06/29/archives/dennis-reardons-happiness-cage-is-better-suited-to-stage.html">Thompson, Howard. ″Dennis Reardon's 'Happiness Cage' Is Better Suited to Stage″.</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. June 29, 1972.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thompson, H. (June 29, 1972) Dennis Reardon's 'Happiness Cage' Is Better Suited to Stage, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210205062850/https://www.tvguide.com/movies/the-mind-snatchers/review/2030106022/">"The Mind Snatchers - Movie Reviews and Movie Ratings - TV Guide"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tvguide.com/movies/the-mind-snatchers/review/2030106022/">the original</a> on 2021-02-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-01-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+Mind+Snatchers+-+Movie+Reviews+and+Movie+Ratings+-+TV+Guide&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tvguide.com%2Fmovies%2Fthe-mind-snatchers%2Freview%2F2030106022%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Happiness+Cage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iobdb.com/Production/2967">"The Happiness Cage"</a>. <i>IOBDb.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=IOBDb.com&amp;rft.atitle=The+Happiness+Cage&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iobdb.com%2FProduction%2F2967&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Happiness+Cage" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Happiness_Cage&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0068677/"><i>The Happiness Cage</i></a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐97c6f66fb‐8f8ft Cached time: 20241128165857 Cache expiry: 3600 Reduced expiry: true Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.283 seconds Real time usage: 0.501 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1223/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 15519/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2900/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 17118/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.169/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5531118/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 423.998 1 -total 31.51% 133.590 1 Template:Reflist 28.26% 119.821 1 Template:Short_description 27.60% 117.003 4 Template:Cite_web 21.47% 91.044 2 Template:Pagetype 21.20% 89.906 1 Template:Infobox_film 18.16% 77.014 1 Template:IMDb_title 16.97% 71.962 1 Template:Infobox 7.96% 33.750 5 Template:Wikidata 7.83% 33.188 9 Template:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:17778996-0!canonical and timestamp 20241128165857 and revision id 1231518760. 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