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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Funding areas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funding_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simons_Investigators_awardees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simons_Investigators_awardees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Simons Investigators awardees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simons_Investigators_awardees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Simons_Collaborations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Simons_Collaborations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Simons Collaborations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Simons_Collaborations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-White_House_BRAIN_Initiative_Alliance_membership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#White_House_BRAIN_Initiative_Alliance_membership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>White House BRAIN Initiative Alliance membership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-White_House_BRAIN_Initiative_Alliance_membership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_gifts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_gifts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Major gifts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_gifts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supported_institutes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supported_institutes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Supported institutes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supported_institutes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Philanthro-journalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Philanthro-journalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Philanthro-journalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philanthro-journalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><div class="cdx-message cdx-message--block cdx-message--warning mw-revision"><span class="cdx-message__icon"></span><div class="cdx-message__content"><div id="mw-revision-info-current"><p><b>This is the <a href="/wiki/Help:Page_history" title="Help:Page history">current revision</a> of this page, as edited by <span id="mw-revision-name"><a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/143.255.29.46" class="mw-userlink mw-anonuserlink" title="Special:Contributions/143.255.29.46" data-mw-revid="1246853354"><bdi>143.255.29.46</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:143.255.29.46" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:143.255.29.46">talk</a>)</span></span> at <span id="mw-revision-date">13:28, 21 September 2024</span><span id="mw-revision-summary"> <span class="comment">(<span class="autocomment"><a href="#Supported_institutes">→<bdi dir="ltr">Supported institutes</bdi></a></span>)</span></span>. The present address (URL) is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">permanent link</a> to this version.</b></p><div id="revision-info-current-plain" style="display: none;">Revision as of 13:28, 21 September 2024 by <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/143.255.29.46" class="mw-userlink mw-anonuserlink" title="Special:Contributions/143.255.29.46" data-mw-revid="1246853354"><bdi>143.255.29.46</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:143.255.29.46" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:143.255.29.46">talk</a>)</span> <span class="comment">(<span class="autocomment"><a href="#Supported_institutes">→<bdi dir="ltr">Supported institutes</bdi></a></span>)</span></div></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&diff=prev&oldid=1246853354" title="Simons Foundation">diff</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&direction=prev&oldid=1246853354" title="Simons Foundation">← Previous revision</a> | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American private foundation</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Simons Foundation</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1994</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Private_foundation_(United_States)" title="Private foundation (United States)">Private foundation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data">New York City, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">President</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/David_Spergel" title="David Spergel">David Spergel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Marlow Kee</li><li>Marion Greenup</li><li>Euan Robertson</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Revenue <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2021)</span> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">$267,780,782<sup id="cite_ref-Ratings_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ratings-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Expenses <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">(2021)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">$307,447,716<sup id="cite_ref-Ratings_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ratings-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.simonsfoundation.org/">www<wbr />.simonsfoundation<wbr />.org</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28148561#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Simons Foundation</b> is an American private foundation established in 1994 by Marilyn and <a href="/wiki/James_Harris_Simons" class="mw-redirect" title="James Harris Simons">Jim Simons</a> with offices in New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As one of the largest charitable organizations in the United States with assets of over $5 billion in 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the foundation's mission is to advance the frontiers of research in mathematics and basic sciences. The foundation supports science by making grants to individual researchers and their projects. </p><p>In 2021, Marilyn Simons stepped down as president after 26 years at the helm, and <a href="/wiki/Astrophysics" title="Astrophysics">astrophysicist</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Spergel" title="David Spergel">David Spergel</a> was appointed president.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Flatiron_Institute">The Flatiron Institute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: The Flatiron Institute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2016, the foundation launched the <a href="/wiki/Flatiron_Institute" title="Flatiron Institute">Flatiron Institute</a>, its in-house multidisciplinary research institute focused on <a href="/wiki/Computational_science" title="Computational science">computational science</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Flatiron Institute hosts centers for computational science in five areas: </p> <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flatiron_Institute#Center_for_Computational_Astrophysics" title="Flatiron Institute">Center for Computational Astrophysics (CCA)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Flatiron_Institute#Center_for_Computational_Biology" title="Flatiron Institute">Center for Computational Biology (CCB)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Flatiron_Institute#Center_for_Computational_Quantum_Physics" title="Flatiron Institute">Center for Computational Quantum Physics (CCQ)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Flatiron_Institute#Center_for_Computational_Mathematics" title="Flatiron Institute">Center for Computational Mathematics (CCM)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Flatiron_Institute#Center_for_Computational_Neuroscience" title="Flatiron Institute">Center for Computational Neuroscience (CCN)</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funding_areas">Funding areas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Funding areas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The foundation makes grants in four program areas:<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div><ul><li>Mathematics and Physical Sciences (MPS)</li><li>Life Sciences</li><li>Autism Research / Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative (SFARI)</li><li>Outreach, Education, and Engagement</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simons_Investigators_awardees">Simons Investigators awardees</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Simons Investigators awardees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Among other programs, the Simons Foundation funds the Simons Investigators in MPS program<sup id="cite_ref-program_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-program-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which provides a stable base of support for outstanding scientists, enabling them to undertake long-term study of fundamental questions.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Simons_Collaborations">Simons Collaborations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Simons Collaborations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2012 the foundation launched a new funding model, the Simons Collaborations, which brings funded investigators — sometimes from different disciplines — together to work on an important scientific problem. To date, 25 Simons Collaborations have been launched by the foundation's Mathematics and Physical Sciences and Life Sciences divisions and by its neuroscience initiatives.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="White_House_BRAIN_Initiative_Alliance_membership">White House BRAIN Initiative Alliance membership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: White House BRAIN Initiative Alliance membership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of December 2018,<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> the Simons Foundation is listed as a White House BRAIN Initiative Alliance Member.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Simons Collaboration on the Global Brain (SCGB) is working to understand the internal processes underlying cognition.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_gifts">Major gifts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Major gifts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2022, the Simons Foundation partnered with Stony Brook University to boost diversity in <a href="/wiki/STEM" class="mw-redirect" title="STEM">STEM</a>, with a $56 million gift.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2023, the Simons Foundation pledged $100 million to support “The New York Climate Exchange” (“The Exchange”) on <a href="/wiki/Governors_Island" title="Governors Island">Governors Island</a> in New York City. The Exchange — a $700 million, 172-acre international center for developing and deploying dynamic solutions to the global climate crisis — is set to open in 2028.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2023, the Simons Foundation presented Stony Brook University with a $500 million unrestricted gift, which is one of the largest gifts ever made to a U.S. university.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Simons Foundation is a major supporter of Math for America, which has built a community of accomplished mathematics and science teachers who make a lasting impact in their schools, their communities, and the profession at large through collaboration and continued learning.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Supported_institutes">Supported institutes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Supported institutes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div><ul><li>Simons Center for Geometry and Physics (<a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_University" title="Stony Brook University">Stony Brook University</a>)</li><li>Simons Center for Quantitative Biology (<a href="/wiki/Cold_Spring_Harbor_Laboratory" title="Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory">Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Simons_Institute_for_the_Theory_of_Computing" title="Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing">Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing</a> (<a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Simons_Laufer_Mathematical_Sciences_Institute" title="Simons Laufer Mathematical Sciences Institute">Simons Laufer Mathematical Sciences Institute</a> (University of California, Berkeley)</li><li>Simons Center for the Social Brain (<a href="/wiki/Massachusetts_Institute_of_Technology" title="Massachusetts Institute of Technology">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</a>)</li><li>NSF-Simons Center for Quantitative Biology (<a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a>)</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philanthro-journalism">Philanthro-journalism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Philanthro-journalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The foundation also funds two editorially independent online publications: <i><a href="/wiki/Quanta_Magazine" title="Quanta Magazine">Quanta Magazine</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Transmitter" title="The Transmitter">The Transmitter</a></i>. Quanta reports on developments in mathematics, theoretical physics, theoretical computer science and the basic life sciences.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Transmitter</i> provides news and analysis of advancements in <a href="/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">neuroscience</a> research and is the successor to <i><a href="/wiki/Spectrum_(online_publication)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spectrum (online publication)">Spectrum</a></i>, a publication focused on <a href="/wiki/Autism" title="Autism">autism</a> research which originated as the News & Opinion section of the <a href="/wiki/Simons_Foundation_Autism_Research_Initiative" title="Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative">Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative</a> website.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simons_Foundation_Autism_Research_Initiative" title="Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative">Simons Foundation Autism Research Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flatiron_Institute" title="Flatiron Institute">Flatiron Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Math_for_America" title="Math for America">Math for America</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simons_Foundation&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Ratings-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ratings_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ratings_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://990s.foundationcenter.org/990pf_pdf_archive/133/133794889/133794889_201612_990PF.pdf">"Simons Foundation, Inc"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Foundation Center</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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