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spheres</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Pt-carbon spheres"> <meta name="keywords" content="Pt-carbon spheres"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Pt-carbon spheres"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 217</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Pt-carbon spheres</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">217</span> Development of Ceramic Spheres Buoyancy Modules for Deep-Sea Oil Exploration </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Blugan">G. Blugan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Jiang"> B. Jiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Thornberry"> J. Thornberry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Sturzenegger"> P. Sturzenegger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=U.%20Gonzenbach"> U. Gonzenbach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Misson"> M. Misson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Cartlidge"> D. Cartlidge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Stenerud"> R. Stenerud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Kuebler"> J. Kuebler</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Low-cost ceramic spheres were developed and manufactured from the engineering ceramic aluminium oxide. Hollow spheres of 50 mm diameter with a wall thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm were produced via an adapted slip casting technique. It was possible to produce the spheres with good repeatability and with no defects or failures in the spheres due to the manufacturing process. The spheres were developed specifically for use in buoyancy devices for deep-sea exploration conditions at depths of 3000 m below sea level. The spheres with a 1.0 mm wall thickness exhibit a buoyancy of over 54% while the spheres with a 0.5 mm wall thickness exhibit a buoyancy of over 73%. The mechanical performance of the spheres was confirmed by performing a hydraulic burst pressure test on individual spheres. With a safety factor of 3, all spheres with 1.0 mm wall thickness survived a hydraulic pressure of greater than 150 MPa which is equivalent to a depth of more than 5000 m below sea level. The spheres were then incorporated into a buoyancy module. These hollow aluminium oxide ceramic spheres offer an excellent possibility of deep-sea exploration to depths greater than the currently used technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buoyancy" title="buoyancy">buoyancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ceramic%20spheres" title=" ceramic spheres"> ceramic spheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep-sea" title=" deep-sea"> deep-sea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20exploration" title=" oil exploration"> oil exploration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51232/development-of-ceramic-spheres-buoyancy-modules-for-deep-sea-oil-exploration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">216</span> Fabrication of Hollow Germanium Spheres by Dropping Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunal%20D.%20Bhagat">Kunal D. Bhagat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Truong%20V.%20Vu"> Truong V. Vu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20C.%20Wells"> John C. Wells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hideyuki%20Takakura"> Hideyuki Takakura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu%20Kawano"> Yu Kawano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fumio%20Ogawa"> Fumio Ogawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hollow germanium alloy quasi-spheres of diameters 1 to 2 mm with a relatively smooth inner and outer surface have been produced. The germanium was first melted at around 1273 K and then exuded from a coaxial nozzle into an inert atmosphere by argon gas supplied to the inner nozzle. The falling spheres were cooled by water spray and collected in a bucket. The spheres had a horn type of structure on the outer surface, which might be caused by volume expansion induced by the density difference between solid and gas phase. The frequency of the sphere formation was determined from the videos to be about 133 Hz. The outer diameter varied in the range of 1.3 to 1.8 mm with a wall thickness in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 mm. Solid silicon spheres are used for spherical silicon solar cells (S₃CS), which have various attractive features. Hollow S₃CS promise substantially higher energy conversion efficiency if their wall thickness can be kept to 0.1–0.2 mm and the inner surface can be passivated. Our production of hollow germanium spheres is a significant step towards the production of hollow S₃CS with, we hope, higher efficiency and lower material cost than solid S₃CS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20spheres" title="hollow spheres">hollow spheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semiconductor" title=" semiconductor"> semiconductor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compound%20jet" title=" compound jet"> compound jet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dropping%20method" title=" dropping method"> dropping method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133344/fabrication-of-hollow-germanium-spheres-by-dropping-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133344.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">215</span> Synthesis, Characterization, Photocatalytic and Photovoltaic Performance of Ag-Doped ZnO2 Loaded on the Pt-Carbon Spheres</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mujahid">M. Mujahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20A.%20Al-Hartomy"> Omar A. Al-Hartomy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ag-doped ZnO2 loaded on the Pt-carbon spheres have been synthesized and characterized by standard analytical techniques. i.e., UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In order to find the effect of loading of Ag doping on ZnO2, the concentration of Ag was varied from 0-3.5%. The XRD analysis showed that the obtained particles are anatase phase. The SEM images showed Ag-doped ZnO2 are loaded on the surface of the Pt-carbon spheres. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized particles was tested by studying the degradation of methyl orange dye and 4-chlorophenol as a function of time on irradiation in aqueous suspension. Ag-doped ZnO2@Pt-carbon sphere particle with platinum concentration of 3.0 % showed the highest photocatalytic activity as compared to the other Ag concentrations for the degradation of methyl orange and 4-chlorophenol. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ag-ZnO2" title="Ag-ZnO2">Ag-ZnO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-carbon%20spheres" title=" Pt-carbon spheres"> Pt-carbon spheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degradation" title=" degradation"> degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methyl%20orange" title=" methyl orange"> methyl orange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4-chlorophenol" title=" 4-chlorophenol"> 4-chlorophenol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8264/synthesis-characterization-photocatalytic-and-photovoltaic-performance-of-ag-doped-zno2-loaded-on-the-pt-carbon-spheres" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">214</span> Curcumin-Loaded Phenethyl Isothiocyanate Nano-Spheres: Preparation, Stability Study, and Its Implication for Cataract Prevention</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pankaj%20Dinesh%20Baviskar">Pankaj Dinesh Baviskar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the impact of curcumin-loaded nano-spheres in the form of emulsions on fish eye cataracts. Curcumin nanoemulsions were prepared by using phenethyl isothiocyanate. Nanoemulsions were synthesized by ultrasound-assisted method at 150 Watt. A zeta potential measurement for curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions was found to be -30.7eV, -13.4eV, and -9.55eV, and particle size was found to be 149.3 nm, 245.3 and nm 403.5 nm using particle size analyzer respectively for different conditions. The surface morphology of nano-spheres was examined by FE-SEM analysis. The zeta potential measured indicates its stability for corresponding nano-spheres. The anti-cataract application was studied by using isolated fish eye lenses. The cataract was induced using high glucose concentrated solution. The biochemical parameters in the form of reduced glutathione were measured to interpret the anti-cataract ability of curcumin-loaded nanoemulsions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curcumin" title="curcumin">curcumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano" title=" nano"> nano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cataract" title=" cataract"> cataract</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoemulsion" title=" nanoemulsion"> nanoemulsion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157135/curcumin-loaded-phenethyl-isothiocyanate-nano-spheres-preparation-stability-study-and-its-implication-for-cataract-prevention" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157135.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">213</span> One-Step Synthesis of Titanium Dioxide Porous Microspheres by Picosecond Pulsed Laser Welding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huiwu%20Yu">Huiwu Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiangyou%20Li"> Xiangyou Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoyan%20Zeng"> Xiaoyan Zeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Porous spheres have been widely used in many fields due to their attractive features. In this work, an approach for fabricating porous spheres of nanoparticles was presented, in which the nanoparticles were welded together to form micro spheres by simply irradiating the nanoparticles in liquid medium by a picosecond laser. As an example, anatase titanium dioxide was chosen as a typical material on account of its metastability. The structure and morphologies of the products were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Raman, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), respectively. The results showed that, anatase titanium dioxide micro spheres (2-10 μm) with macroporous (10-100 nm) were prepared from nano-anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles (10-100 nm). The formation process of polycrystalline anatase titanium dioxide microspheres was investigated with different liquid mediums and the input laser fluences. Thus, this facile laser irradiation approach might provide a way for the fabrication of porous microspheres without phase-transition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium%20dioxide" title="titanium dioxide">titanium dioxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20microspheres" title=" porous microspheres"> porous microspheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=picosecond%20laser" title=" picosecond laser"> picosecond laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano-welding" title=" nano-welding"> nano-welding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61694/one-step-synthesis-of-titanium-dioxide-porous-microspheres-by-picosecond-pulsed-laser-welding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61694.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">212</span> Transpersonal Model of an Individual's Creative Experiencef</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anatoliy%20Kharkhurin">Anatoliy Kharkhurin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modifications that the prefix ‘trans-‘ refers to start within a person. This presentation focuses on the transpersonal that goes beyond the individual (trans-personal) to encompass wider aspects of humanities, specifically peak experience as a culminating stage of the creative act. It proposes a model according to which the peak experience results from a harmonious vibration of four spheres, which transcend an individual’s capacities and bring one to a qualitatively different level of experience. Each sphere represents an aspect of creative activity: superconscious, intellectual, emotive and active. Each sphere corresponds to one of four creative functions: authenticity, novelty, aesthetics, and utility, respectively. The creative act starts in the superconscious sphere: the supreme pleasure of Creation is reflected in creative pleasure, which is realized in creative will. These three instances serve as a source of force axes, which penetrate other spheres, and in place of infiltration establish restrictive, expansive, and integrative principles, respectively; the latter balances the other two and ensures a harmonious vibration within a sphere. This Hegelian-like triad is realized within each sphere in the form of creative capacities. The intellectual sphere nurtures capacities to invent and to elaborate, which are integrated by capacity to conceptualize. The emotive sphere nurtures satiation and restrictive capacities integrated by capacity to balance. The active sphere nurtures goal orientation and stabilization capacities integrated by capacity for self-expression. All four spheres vibrate within each other – the superconscious sphere being in the core of the structure followed by intellectual, emotive, and active spheres, respectively – thereby reflecting the path of creative production. If the spheres vibrate in-phase, their amplitudes amplify the creative energy; if in antiphase – the amplitudes reduce the creative energy. Thus, creative act is perceived as continuum with perfectly harmonious vibration within and between the spheres on one side and perfectly disharmonious vibration on the other. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creativity" title="creativity">creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transpersonal" title=" transpersonal"> transpersonal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peak%20experience" title=" peak experience"> peak experience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42946/transpersonal-model-of-an-individuals-creative-experiencef" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">211</span> The Non-Existence of Perfect 2-Error Correcting Lee Codes of Word Length 7 over Z</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catarina%20Cruz">Catarina Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Breda"> Ana Breda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tiling problems have been capturing the attention of many mathematicians due to their real-life applications. In this study, we deal with tilings of Zⁿ by Lee spheres, where n is a positive integer number, being these tilings related with error correcting codes on the transmission of information over a noisy channel. We focus our attention on the question ‘for what values of n and r does the n-dimensional Lee sphere of radius r tile Zⁿ?’. It seems that the n-dimensional Lee sphere of radius r does not tile Zⁿ for n ≥ 3 and r ≥ 2. Here, we prove that is not possible to tile Z⁷ with Lee spheres of radius 2 presenting a proof based on a combinatorial method and faithful to the geometric idea of the problem. The non-existence of such tilings has been studied by several authors being considered the most difficult cases those in which the radius of the Lee spheres is equal to 2. The relation between these tilings and error correcting codes is established considering the center of a Lee sphere as a codeword and the other elements of the sphere as words which are decoded by the central codeword. When the Lee spheres of radius r centered at elements of a set M ⊂ Zⁿ tile Zⁿ, M is a perfect r-error correcting Lee code of word length n over Z, denoted by PL(n, r). Our strategy to prove the non-existence of PL(7, 2) codes are based on the assumption of the existence of such code M. Without loss of generality, we suppose that O ∈ M, where O = (0, ..., 0). In this sense and taking into account that we are dealing with Lee spheres of radius 2, O covers all words which are distant two or fewer units from it. By the definition of PL(7, 2) code, each word which is distant three units from O must be covered by a unique codeword of M. These words have to be covered by codewords which dist five units from O. We prove the non-existence of PL(7, 2) codes showing that it is not possible to cover all the referred words without superposition of Lee spheres whose centers are distant five units from O, contradicting the definition of PL(7, 2) code. We achieve this contradiction by combining the cardinality of particular subsets of codewords which are distant five units from O. There exists an extensive literature on codes in the Lee metric. Here, we present a new approach to prove the non-existence of PL(7, 2) codes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Golomb-Welch%20conjecture" title="Golomb-Welch conjecture">Golomb-Welch conjecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lee%20metric" title=" Lee metric"> Lee metric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perfect%20Lee%20codes" title=" perfect Lee codes"> perfect Lee codes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tilings" title=" tilings"> tilings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95455/the-non-existence-of-perfect-2-error-correcting-lee-codes-of-word-length-7-over-z" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">210</span> Solar Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Glycerol Reforming Using Ternary Cu/TiO2/Graphene</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tumelo%20W.%20P.%20Seadira">Tumelo W. P. Seadira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thabang%20Ntho"> Thabang Ntho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cornelius%20M.%20Masuku"> Cornelius M. Masuku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20S.%20Scurrell"> Michael S. Scurrell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A ternary Cu/TiO2/rGO photocatalysts was prepared using solvothermal method. Firstly, pure anatase TiO2 hollow spheres were prepared with titanium butoxide, ethanol, ammonium sulphate, and urea via hydrothermal method; and Cu nanoparticles were subsequently loaded on the surface of the hollow spheres by wet impregnation. During the solvothermal process, the deposition and well dispersion of Cu-TiO2 hollow spheres composites onto the graphene oxide surface, as well as the reduction of graphene oxide to graphene were achieved. The morphological and structural properties of the prepared samples were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Tellet (BET), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and UV-vis DRS, and photoelectrochemical. The activities of the prepared catalysts were tested for hydrogen production via simultaneous photocatalytic water-splitting and glycerol reforming under visible light irradiation. The excellent photocatalytic activity of the Cu-TiO2-hollow-spheres/rGO catalyst was attributed the rGO which acts as both storage and transferor of electrons generated at the Cu and TiO2 heterojunction, thus increasing the electron-hole pairs separation. This paper reports the preparation of photocatalyst which is highly active by coupling reduced graphene oxide with nano-structured TiO2 with high surface area that can efficiently harvest the visible light for effective water-splitting and glycerol photocatalytic reforming in order to achieve efficient hydrogen evolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycerol%20reforming" title="glycerol reforming">glycerol reforming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogen%20evolution" title=" hydrogen evolution"> hydrogen evolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphene%20oxide" title=" graphene oxide"> graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cu%2FTiO2-hollow-spheres%2FrGO" title=" Cu/TiO2-hollow-spheres/rGO"> Cu/TiO2-hollow-spheres/rGO</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89402/solar-photocatalytic-hydrogen-production-from-glycerol-reforming-using-ternary-cutio2graphene" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">209</span> Mesoporous Tussah Silk Fibroin Microspheres for Drug Delivery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weitao%20Zhou">Weitao Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qing%20Wang"> Qing Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianxin%20He"> Jianxin He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shizhong%20Cui"> Shizhong Cui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mesoporous Tussah silk fibroin (TSF) spheres were fabricated via the self-assembly of TSF molecules in aqueous solutions. The results showed that TSF particles were approximately three-dimensional spheres with the diameter ranging from 500nm to 6μm without adherence. More importantly, the surface morphology is mesoporous structure with nano-pores of 20nm - 200nm in size. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies demonstrated that mesoporous TSF spheres mainly contained beta-sheet conformation (44.1 %) as well as slight amounts of random coil (13.2 %). Drug release test was performed with 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) as a model drug and the result indicated the mesoporous TSF microspheres had a good capacity of sustained drug release. It is expected that these stable and high-crystallinity mesoporous TSF sphere produced without organic solvents, which have significantly improved drug release properties, is a very promising material for controlled gene medicines delivery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tussah%20silk%20fibroin" title="Tussah silk fibroin">Tussah silk fibroin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20materials" title=" porous materials"> porous materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microsphere" title=" microsphere"> microsphere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20release" title=" drug release"> drug release</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69674/mesoporous-tussah-silk-fibroin-microspheres-for-drug-delivery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69674.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">208</span> Aggregation of Fractal Aggregates Inside Fractal Cages in Irreversible Diﬀusion Limited Cluster Aggregation Binary Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakiya%20Shireen">Zakiya Shireen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sujin%20B.%20Babu"> Sujin B. Babu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Irreversible diffusion-limited cluster aggregation (DLCA) of binary sticky spheres was simulated by modifying the Brownian Cluster Dynamics (BCD). We randomly distribute N spheres in a 3D box of size L, the volume fraction is given by Φtot = (π/6)N/L³. We identify NA and NB number of spheres as species A and B in our system both having identical size. In these systems, both A and B particles undergo Brownian motion. Irreversible bond formation happens only between intra-species particles and inter-species interact only through hard-core repulsions. As we perform simulation using BCD we start to observe binary gels. In our study, we have observed that species B always percolate (cluster size equal to L) as expected for the monomeric case and species A does not percolate below a critical ratio which is different for different volume fractions. We will also show that the accessible volume of the system increases when compared to the monomeric case, which means that species A is aggregating inside the cage created by B. We have also observed that for moderate Φtot the system undergoes a transition from ﬂocculation region to percolation region indicated by the change in fractal dimension from 1.8 to 2.5. For smaller ratio of A, it stays in the ﬂocculation regime even though B have already crossed over to the percolation regime. Thus, we observe two fractal dimension in the same system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCD" title="BCD">BCD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fractals" title=" fractals"> fractals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=percolation" title=" percolation"> percolation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sticky%20spheres" title=" sticky spheres"> sticky spheres</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52269/aggregation-of-fractal-aggregates-inside-fractal-cages-in-irreversible-diffusion-limited-cluster-aggregation-binary-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">207</span> Developing Optical Sensors with Application of Cancer Detection by Elastic Light Scattering Spectroscopy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=May%20Fadheel%20Estephan">May Fadheel Estephan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Perks"> Richard Perks</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Cancer is a serious health concern that affects millions of people worldwide. Early detection and treatment are essential for improving patient outcomes. However, current methods for cancer detection have limitations, such as low sensitivity and specificity. Research Aim: The aim of this study was to develop an optical sensor for cancer detection using elastic light scattering spectroscopy (ELSS). ELSS is a noninvasive optical technique that can be used to characterize the size and concentration of particles in a solution. Methodology: An optical probe was fabricated with a 100-μm-diameter core and a 132-μm centre-to-centre separation. The probe was used to measure the ELSS spectra of polystyrene spheres with diameters of 2, 0.8, and 0.413 μm. The spectra were then analysed to determine the size and concentration of the spheres. Findings: The results showed that the optical probe was able to differentiate between the three different sizes of polystyrene spheres. The probe was also able to detect the presence of polystyrene spheres in suspension concentrations as low as 0.01%. Theoretical Importance: The results of this study demonstrate the potential of ELSS for cancer detection. ELSS is a noninvasive technique that can be used to characterize the size and concentration of cells in a tissue sample. This information can be used to identify cancer cells and assess the stage of the disease. Data Collection: The data for this study were collected by measuring the ELSS spectra of polystyrene spheres with different diameters. The spectra were collected using a spectrometer and a computer. Analysis Procedures: The ELSS spectra were analysed using a software program to determine the size and concentration of the spheres. The software program used a mathematical algorithm to fit the spectra to a theoretical model. Question Addressed: The question addressed by this study was whether ELSS could be used to detect cancer cells. The results of the study showed that ELSS could be used to differentiate between different sizes of cells, suggesting that it could be used to detect cancer cells. Conclusion: The findings of this research show the utility of ELSS in the early identification of cancer. ELSS is a noninvasive method for characterizing the number and size of cells in a tissue sample. To determine cancer cells and determine the disease's stage, this information can be employed. Further research is needed to evaluate the clinical performance of ELSS for cancer detection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elastic%20light%20scattering%20spectroscopy" title="elastic light scattering spectroscopy">elastic light scattering spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polystyrene%20spheres%20in%20suspension" title=" polystyrene spheres in suspension"> polystyrene spheres in suspension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20probe" title=" optical probe"> optical probe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibre%20optics" title=" fibre optics"> fibre optics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167454/developing-optical-sensors-with-application-of-cancer-detection-by-elastic-light-scattering-spectroscopy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">206</span> Facile Fabrication of Nickel/Zinc Oxide Hollow Spheres Nanostructure and Photodegradation of Congo Red</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mohsen%20Mousavi">Seyed Mohsen Mousavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Reza%20Mahjoub"> Ali Reza Mahjoub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behjat%20Afshari"> Behjat Afshari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, Nickel/Zinc Oxide hollow spherical structures with high surface area using the template Fructose was prepared by the hydrothermal method using a ultrasonic bath at room temperature was produced and were identified by FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM. The photocatalytic activity of synthesized hollow spherical Nickel/Zinc Oxide was studied in the destruction of Congo red as Azo dye. The results showed that the photocatalytic activity of Nickel/ Zinc Oxide hollow spherical nanostructures is improved compared with zinc oxide hollow sphere and other morphologies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=azo%20dye" title="azo dye">azo dye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20spheres" title=" hollow spheres"> hollow spheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photocatalyst" title=" photocatalyst"> photocatalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nickel%2Fzinc%20oxide" title=" nickel/zinc oxide"> nickel/zinc oxide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36139/facile-fabrication-of-nickelzinc-oxide-hollow-spheres-nanostructure-and-photodegradation-of-congo-red" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36139.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">637</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">205</span> Carbon Aerogel Spheres from Resorcinol/Phenol and Formaldehyde for CO₂ Adsorption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Carolina%20Hernandez%20Galeano">Jessica Carolina Hernandez Galeano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Carlos%20Moreno%20Pirajan"> Juan Carlos Moreno Pirajan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liliana%20%20Giraldo"> Liliana Giraldo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Carbon gels are materials whose structure and porous texture can be designed and controlled on a nanoscale. Among their characteristics it is found their low density, large surface area and high degree of porosity. These materials are produced by a sol-gel polymerization of organic monomers using basic or acid catalysts, followed by drying and controlled carbonization. In this work, the synthesis and characterization of carbon aerogels from resorcinol, phenol and formaldehyde in ethanol is described. The aim of this study is obtaining different carbonaceous materials in the form of spheres using the Stöber method to perform a further evaluation of CO₂ adsorption of each material. In general, the synthesis consisted of a sol-gel polymerization process that generates a cluster (cross-linked organic monomers) from the precursors in the presence of NH₃ as a catalyst. This cluster was subjected to specific conditions of gelling and curing (30°C for 24 hours and 100°C for 24 hours, respectively) and CO₂ supercritical drying. Finally, the dry material was subjected to a process of carbonization or pyrolysis, in N₂ atmosphere at 350°C (1° C / min) for 2 h and 600°C (1°C / min) for 4 hours, to obtain porous solids that retain the structure initially desired. For this work, both the concentrations of the precursors and the proportion of ammonia in the medium where modify to describe the effect of the use of phenol and the amount of catalyst in the resulting material. Carbon aerogels were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), N₂ isotherms, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) showing the obtention of carbon spheres in the nanometric scale with BET areas around 500 m2g-1. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20aerogels" title="carbon aerogels">carbon aerogels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20spheres" title=" carbon spheres"> carbon spheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20adsorption" title=" CO₂ adsorption"> CO₂ adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=St%C3%B6ber%20method" title=" Stöber method"> Stöber method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104427/carbon-aerogel-spheres-from-resorcinolphenol-and-formaldehyde-for-co2-adsorption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104427.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">139</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">204</span> An Investigation on Energy Absorption Capacity of a Composite Metal Foam Developed from Aluminum by Reinforcing with Cermet Hollow Spheres</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fisseha%20Zewdie">Fisseha Zewdie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naresh%20Bhatnagar"> Naresh Bhatnagar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lightweight and strong aluminum foam is developed by reinforcing Al-Si-Cu alloy (LM24) with Cermet Hollow Spheres (CHS) as porous creating agents. The foam samples were prepared by mixing the CHS in molten LM24 at 750°C, using gravity and stir casting. The CHSs were fabricated using a blend of silicon carbide and stainless-steel powders using the powder metallurgy technique. It was found that CHS reinforcement greatly enhances the performance of the composite metal foam, making it suitable for high impact loading applications such as crash protection and shock absorption. This study examined the strength, density, energy absorption and possible applications of the new aluminum foam. The results revealed that the LM24 foam reinforced with the CHS has the highest energy absorption of about 88 MJ/m3 among all categories of foam samples tested. Its density was found to be 1.3 g/cm3, while the strength, densification strains and porosity were 420 MPa, 34% and 70%, respectively. Besides, the matrix and reinforcement's microstructure, chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, HRTEM and related micrographic analyses are performed for characterization and verifications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20metal%20foam" title="composite metal foam">composite metal foam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20spheres" title=" hollow spheres"> hollow spheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gravity%20casting" title=" gravity casting"> gravity casting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20absorption" title=" energy absorption"> energy absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179310/an-investigation-on-energy-absorption-capacity-of-a-composite-metal-foam-developed-from-aluminum-by-reinforcing-with-cermet-hollow-spheres" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">71</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">203</span> Designing of Efficient Polysulphide Reservoirs to Boost the Performance of Li-S Battery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarish%20Rehman">Sarish Rehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kishwar%20Khan"> Kishwar Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanglong%20Hou"> Yanglong Hou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Among the existed myriad energy-storage technologies, lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) show the appealing potential for the ubiquitous growth of next-generation electrical energy storage application, owing to their unparalleled theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh/kg that is over five times larger than that of conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Despite its significant advances, its large scale implementations are plagued by multitude issues: particularly the intrinsic insulating nature of the sulfur (10-30 S/cm), mechanical degradation of the cathode due to large volume changes of sulfur up to 80 % during cycling and loss of active material (producing polysulfide shuttle effect). We design a unique structure, namely silicon/silica (Si/SiO2) crosslink with hierarchical porous carbon spheres (Si/SiO2@C), and use it as a new and efficient sulfur host to prepare Si/SiO2@C-S hybrid spheres to solve the hurdle of the polysulfides dissolution. As results of intriguing structural advantages developed hybrids spheres, it acts as efficient polysulfides reservoir for enhancing lithium sulfur battery (LSB) in the terms of capacity, rate ability and cycling stability via combined chemical and physical effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20specific%20surface%20area" title="high specific surface area">high specific surface area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20power%20density" title=" high power density"> high power density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20content%20of%20sulfur" title=" high content of sulfur"> high content of sulfur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20sulfur%20battery" title=" lithium sulfur battery"> lithium sulfur battery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55339/designing-of-efficient-polysulphide-reservoirs-to-boost-the-performance-of-li-s-battery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">202</span> MXene Quantum Dots Decorated Double-Shelled Ceo₂ Hollow Spheres for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Oxidation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Quan%20Li">Quan Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongcai%20Shen"> Dongcai Shen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengting%20Xiao"> Zhengting Xiao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xin%20Liu%20Mingrui%20Wu"> Xin Liu Mingrui Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Licheng%20Liu"> Licheng Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qin%20Li"> Qin Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xianguo%20Li"> Xianguo Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wentai%20Wang"> Wentai Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Direct electrocatalytic nitrogen oxidation (NOR) provides a promising alternative strategy for synthesizing high-value-added nitric acid from widespread N₂, which overcomes the disadvantages of the Haber-Bosch-Ostwald process. However, the NOR process suffers from the limitation of high N≡N bonding energy (941 kJ mol− ¹), sluggish kinetics, low efficiency and yield. It is a prerequisite to develop more efficient electrocatalysts for NOR. Herein, we synthesized double-shelled CeO₂ hollow spheres (D-CeO₂) and further modified with Ti₃C₂ MXene quantum dots (MQDs) for electrocatalytic N₂ oxidation, which exhibited a NO₃− yield of 71.25 μg h− ¹ mgcat− ¹ and FE of 31.80% at 1.7 V. The unique quantum size effect and abundant edge active sites lead to a more effective capture of nitrogen. Moreover, the double-shelled hollow structure is favorable for N₂ fixation and gathers intermediate products in the interlayer of the core-shell. The in-situ infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy confirmed the formation of *NO and NO₃− species during the NOR reaction, and the kinetics and possible pathways of NOR were calculated by density functional theory (DFT). In addition, a Zn-N₂ reaction device was assembled with D-CeO₂/MQDs as anode and Zn plate as cathode, obtaining an extremely high NO₃− yield of 104.57 μg h− ¹ mgcat− ¹ at 1 mA cm− ². <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalytic%20N%E2%82%82%20oxidation" title="electrocatalytic N₂ oxidation">electrocatalytic N₂ oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrate%20production" title=" nitrate production"> nitrate production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CeO%E2%82%82" title=" CeO₂"> CeO₂</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MXene%20quantum%20dots" title=" MXene quantum dots"> MXene quantum dots</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=double-shelled%20hollow%20spheres" title=" double-shelled hollow spheres"> double-shelled hollow spheres</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185272/mxene-quantum-dots-decorated-double-shelled-ceo2-hollow-spheres-for-efficient-electrocatalytic-nitrogen-oxidation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185272.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">201</span> Synthesis and Functionalization of MnFe₂O₄ Nano−Hollow Spheres for Optical and Catalytic Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indranil%20Chakraborty">Indranil Chakraborty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalyan%20Mandal"> Kalyan Mandal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Herein, we synthesize MnFe₂O₄ nano−hollow spheres (NHSs) of average diameter 100 nm through a facile template free solvothermal process and carry out a time dependent morphological study to investigate their process of core excavation. Further, a surface engineering of as−synthesized MnFe₂O₄ NHSs has been executed with organic disodium tartrate dihydrate ligand and interestingly, the surface modified MnFe₂O₄ NHSs are found to capable of emerging multicolor fluorescence starting from blue, green to red. The magnetic measurements through vibrating sample magnetometer demonstrate that room temperature superparamagnetic nature of MnFe₂O₄ NHSs remains unaltered after surface modification. Moreover, functionalized MnFe₂O₄ NHSs are found to exhibit excellent reusable photocatalytic efficiency in the degradation of cationic dye, methylene blue with rate constant of 2.64×10−2 min. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20hollow%20sphere" title="nano hollow sphere">nano hollow sphere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tartrate%20modification" title=" tartrate modification"> tartrate modification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20fluorescence" title=" multiple fluorescence"> multiple fluorescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catalytic%20property" title=" catalytic property"> catalytic property</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78895/synthesis-and-functionalization-of-mnfe2o4-nanohollow-spheres-for-optical-and-catalytic-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78895.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">200</span> Gender Discrimination and Wellbeing in Family Sphere Due to Male Migration and Remittances: A Study of Doaba Region of Punjab</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atinder%20Pal%20Kaur">Atinder Pal Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A central characteristic of people is their apparent movement from one station to other for their sustenance. Human migration has become one of the most challenging issues faced by the world today. Migration represents an important dimension in world-wide setting; and remittances received by families constitute a major agent in integrating societies in the all over the world, both economically and socially. This paper is an attempt to explore the impact of male migration and remittances upon the family system. This paper brings out how the women play the role of head of the household and take all the economic decisions, but still faces discrimination in the family, that bring loneliness and emotional breakdown on their personal front. For the purpose of this study, data was collected using 30 interviews and 10 case studies in the Doaba region of Punjab. The respondents were classified into two age groups 20-35 years and above 40 years aged women whose husbands migrated abroad. The findings of this study revealed that even though the women were taking some of the economic decisions, but in majority of the cases the patriarchal structure still existed and power remained in the hands of their husbands or in-laws. It was found that women of different age groups reported differently in terms of authority that they have regarding remittances and its consequences in their emotional well-being. The distinction related to their participation in public and private spheres still exists and public spheres are mostly dominated by male members of the family. It can be concluded that freedom of women to take decision on their own is still restricted and they are subjugated to follow their husband or in-law’s opinion in matters related to both public and private spheres. However, old age group women enjoyed more independence and freedom to take decision in comparison to young age women. Loneliness and depression were more common in the young age respondent’s group than in old age women. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20discrimination" title="gender discrimination">gender discrimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patriarchal%20structure" title=" patriarchal structure"> patriarchal structure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remittances" title=" remittances"> remittances</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57373/gender-discrimination-and-wellbeing-in-family-sphere-due-to-male-migration-and-remittances-a-study-of-doaba-region-of-punjab" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">199</span> Comparison between the Performances of Different Boring Bars in the Internal Turning of Long Overhangs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wallyson%20Thomas">Wallyson Thomas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zsombor%20Fulop"> Zsombor Fulop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attila%20%20Szilagyi"> Attila Szilagyi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Impact dampers are mainly used in the metal-mechanical industry in operations that generate too much vibration in the machining system. Internal turning processes become unstable during the machining of deep holes, in which the tool holder is used with long overhangs (high length-to-diameter ratios). The devices coupled with active dampers, are expensive and require the use of advanced electronics. On the other hand, passive impact dampers (PID – Particle Impact Dampers) are cheaper alternatives that are easier to adapt to the machine’s fixation system, once that, in this last case, a cavity filled with particles is simply added to the structure of the tool holder. The cavity dimensions and the diameter of the spheres are pre-determined. Thus, when passive dampers are employed during the machining process, the vibration is transferred from the tip of the tool to the structure of the boring bar, where it is absorbed by the fixation system. This work proposes to compare the behaviors of a conventional solid boring bar and a boring bar with a passive impact damper in turning while using the highest possible L/D (length-to-diameter ratio) of the tool and an Easy Fix fixation system (also called: Split Bushing Holding System). It is also intended to optimize the impact absorption parameters, as the filling percentage of the cavity and the diameter of the spheres. The test specimens were made of hardened material and machined in a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) lathe. The laboratory tests showed that when the cavity of the boring bar is totally filled with minimally spaced spheres of the largest diameter, the gain in absorption allowed of obtaining, with an L/D equal to 6, the same surface roughness obtained when using the solid boring bar with an L/D equal to 3.4. The use of the passive particle impact damper resulted in, therefore, increased static stiffness and reduced deflexion of the tool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20damper" title="active damper">active damper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixation%20system" title=" fixation system"> fixation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardened%20material" title=" hardened material"> hardened material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20damper" title=" passive damper "> passive damper </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124361/comparison-between-the-performances-of-different-boring-bars-in-the-internal-turning-of-long-overhangs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124361.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">198</span> Heterogeneity of Thinking: Religious Beliefs and Logical Concepts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alisa%20Rekunova">Alisa Rekunova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> According to the theory of word meaning structure developed by Lev Vygotsky (and later modified by Aaro Toomela), there are several levels of thought: sensory-based concepts, situation concepts, logical concepts, and structural-systemic concepts. There are differences between people who have relatively easy access to logical thought compared to those who mostly tend to think in everyday concepts. Religious beliefs are connected with unprovable concepts (Christian Jesus’s ascension or Pagan energy) that cannot be non-controversially related to scientific concepts. However, many scientists in the research are believers of some kinds. Religious views can be different: there are believers, non-believers (atheists), and undecided (we can call them agnostics). Some of the respondents say that scientific or professional and religious spheres do not overlap. Therefore, we can assume they do not see any conflict. Some of them, on the contrary, hesitate to answer and we can conclude they see the conflicts, but they do not want (or do not believe they are able to) to solve it. Finally, the third category of respondents says that religious beliefs and scientific concepts cannot coexist in the human mind. It can be expected that the third category of respondents should have higher education (or even work in the scientific field) but many scientists in the research answer that religious and scientific spheres do not overlap. Therefore, there are other things besides the level of education that is connected with resolving conflicts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conflicts%20in%20thinking" title="conflicts in thinking">conflicts in thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural-historical%20psychology" title=" cultural-historical psychology"> cultural-historical psychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heterogeneity%20of%20thinking" title=" heterogeneity of thinking"> heterogeneity of thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20thinking" title=" religious thinking"> religious thinking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107622/heterogeneity-of-thinking-religious-beliefs-and-logical-concepts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107622.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">197</span> Finch-Skea Stellar Structures in F(R, ϕ, X) Theory of Gravity Using Bardeen Geometry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aqsa%20Asharaf">Aqsa Asharaf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current study aims to examine the physical characteristics of charge compact spheres employing anisotropic fluid under f(R, ϕ, X) modified gravity approach, exploring how this theoretical context influences their attributes and behavior. To accomplish our goal, we adopt the Spherically Symmetric (SS) space-time and, additionally, employ a specific Adler-based mode for the metric potential (gtt), which yields a broader class of solutions, Then, by making use of the Karmarkar condition, we successfully derive the other metric potential. A primary component of our current analysis is utilizing the Bardeen geometry as extrinsic space-time to determine the constant parameters of intrinsic space-time. Further, to validate the existence of Bardeen stellar spheres, we debate the behavior of physical properties and parameters such as components of pressure, energy density, anisotropy, parameters of EoS, stability and dynamical equilibrium, energy bounds, mass function, adiabatic index, compactness factor, and surface redshift. Conclusively, all the obtained results show that the system under consideration is physically stable, free from singularity, and viable models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cosmology" title="cosmology">cosmology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GR" title=" GR"> GR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bardeen%20BH" title=" Bardeen BH"> Bardeen BH</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20gravities" title=" modified gravities"> modified gravities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190952/finch-skea-stellar-structures-in-fr-x-theory-of-gravity-using-bardeen-geometry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190952.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">29</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">196</span> Geographies of Blackness: An Exploration of the Subaltern Public Spheres of the African Diaspora in European Cities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Teju%20N.%20Adisa-Farrar">Teju N. Adisa-Farrar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In European cities, social, political and cultural geographies of blackness exist. Organizations create spaces to discuss, express, and expose the realities of young people of African descent creating an Afropean lifestyle with transnational affiliations. Focusing on black and brown spaces produced by and for the young people of African descent in Vienna and Brussels, it became clear a multidisciplinary approach would be necessary. Using Cultural Studies frameworks along with Communications Theories on Black Public Spheres and Social-Geography, a basis was created for exploring the creative, political, and economic responses of young people who are apart of the historically (and contemporary) oppressed and excluded groups of the African Diaspora. Through this intrinsic study, it became apparent that spaces created and reclaimed by young people of the African Diaspora were more inclusive and democratic than other spaces. The organizations studied have used city life as the platform to express their struggles and celebrations of their multicultural identity; clearly using historical, global black and Pan-African movements as the basis for local adaptation of an African Diaspora identity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=African%20diaspora" title="African diaspora">African diaspora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20public%20sphere" title=" black public sphere"> black public sphere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spaces" title=" spaces"> spaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geographies" title=" geographies"> geographies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52869/geographies-of-blackness-an-exploration-of-the-subaltern-public-spheres-of-the-african-diaspora-in-european-cities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52869.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">195</span> Aerodynamics of Spherical Combat Platform Levitation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aelina%20Franz">Aelina Franz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the scientific community has witnessed a paradigm shift in the exploration of unconventional levitation methods, particularly in the domain of spherical combat platforms. This paper explores aerodynamics and levitational dynamics inherent in these spheres by examining interactions at the quantum level. Our research unravels the nuanced aerodynamic phenomena governing the levitation of spherical combat platforms. Through an analysis of the quantum fluid dynamics surrounding these spheres, we reveal the crucial interactions between air resistance, surface irregularities, and the quantum fluctuations that influence their levitational behavior. Our findings challenge conventional understanding, providing a perspective on the aerodynamic forces at play during the levitation of spherical combat platforms. Furthermore, we propose design modifications and control strategies informed by both classical aerodynamics and quantum information processing principles. These advancements not only enhance the stability and maneuverability of the combat platforms but also open new avenues for exploration in the interdisciplinary realm of engineering and quantum information sciences. This paper aims to contribute to levitation technologies and their applications in the field of spherical combat platforms. We anticipate that our work will stimulate further research to create a deeper understanding of aerodynamics and quantum phenomena in unconventional levitation systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spherical%20combat%20platforms" title="spherical combat platforms">spherical combat platforms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levitation%20technologies" title=" levitation technologies"> levitation technologies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerodynamics" title=" aerodynamics"> aerodynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maneuverable%20platforms" title=" maneuverable platforms"> maneuverable platforms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183818/aerodynamics-of-spherical-combat-platform-levitation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183818.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">194</span> Status and Image of the Nurse as Perceived by the Public</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salam%20Hadid">Salam Hadid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Khatib"> Mohammad Khatib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The International Council of Nurses-ICN defined nursing as a sphere integrating autonomous and collaborative care intended for the individual, family and community within and outside of the care setting. Nursing as a care profession has developed broadly over recent decades in terms of its essentials, expertise and primarily academically. Despite the impressive growth of the profession, there is still extreme diversity in the public’s perceptions and opinions of the profession and its professionals and in the knowledge on the fundamentals of its true function and spheres of engagement. The current study examines the existing knowledge among the general population regarding the nursing profession. The population consisted of 498 respondents, 236 women and 262 men, age 18-81. The respondents noted that nursing focuses on the technical, and the emotional aspects and promotion of health for the patient are not the nurse’s responsibility. Most of the respondents saw nurses working mainly in hospital and community-based clinic settings. They considered nursing to be a high prestige profession in general, but less prestigious among respondents exposed to healthcare provision. Most of the respondents considered nursing to be a humane profession but without independence and with no need for academic studies. The findings are incompatible with the definition of nursing and its spheres of action as defined in the ICN Code of Ethics. Two suggestions are to work through nursing schools addressing the student nurses, as ambassadors for the profession. The second is using the healthcare encounter between the nursing staff and the public to improve the image of nurses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethics" title="ethics">ethics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurse%20image" title=" nurse image"> nurse image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public" title=" public"> public</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing" title=" nursing"> nursing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53419/status-and-image-of-the-nurse-as-perceived-by-the-public" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">193</span> Monodisperse Hallow Sandwich MOF for the Catalytic Oxidation of Benzene at Room Temperature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srinivasapriyan%20Vijayan">Srinivasapriyan Vijayan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phenol is one of the most vital chemical in industry. Nowadays, phenol production is based upon the three-step cumene process, which involves a hazardous cumene hydroperoxide intermediate and produces nearly equimolar amounts of acetone as a coproduct. An attractive route in phenol production is the direct one-step selective hydroxylation of benzene using eco-friendly oxidants such as O2, N2O, and H2O2. In particular, the direct hydroxylation of benzene to form phenol with O2 has recently attracted extensive research attention because this process is green clean and eco-friendly. However, most of the catalytic systems involving O2 have a low rate of hydroxylation because the direct introduction of hydroxyl functionality into benzene is challenging. Almost all the developed catalytic systems require an elevated temperature and suﬀer from low conversion because of the notoriously low reactivity of aromatic C–H bonds. Moreover, increased reactivity of phenol relative to benzene makes the selective oxidation of benzene to phenol very diﬃcult, especially under heating conditions. Hollow spheres, a very fascinating class of materials with good permeation and low density, highly monodisperse MOF hollow sandwich spheres have been rationally synthesized using monodisperse polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles as templates through a versatile step-by-step self-assembly strategy. So, our findings could pave the way toward highly efficient nonprecious catalysts for low-temperature oxidation reactions in heterogeneous catalysis. Because it is easy post-reaction separation, its cheap, green and recyclable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=benzene%20hydroxylation" title="benzene hydroxylation">benzene hydroxylation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fe-based%20metal%20organic%20frameworks" title=" Fe-based metal organic frameworks"> Fe-based metal organic frameworks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20oxygen" title=" molecular oxygen"> molecular oxygen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenol" title=" phenol"> phenol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59455/monodisperse-hallow-sandwich-mof-for-the-catalytic-oxidation-of-benzene-at-room-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">192</span> Using Game Engines in Lightning Shielding: The Application of the Rolling Spheres Method on Virtual As-Built Power Substations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuri%20A.%20Gruber">Yuri A. Gruber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matheus%20Rosendo"> Matheus Rosendo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ulisses%20G.%20A.%20Casemiro"> Ulisses G. A. Casemiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Klaus%20de%20Geus"> Klaus de Geus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20T.%20Bee"> Rafael T. Bee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lightning strikes can cause severe negative impacts to the electrical sector causing direct damage to equipment as well as shutdowns, especially when occurring in power substations. In order to mitigate this problem, a meticulous planning of the power substation protection system is of vital importance. A critical part of this is the distribution of shielding wires through the substation, which creates a 3D imaginary protection mesh similar to a circus tarpaulin. Equipment enclosed in the volume defined by that 3D mesh is considered protected against lightning strikes. The use of traditional methods of longitudinal cutting analysis based on 2D CAD tools makes the process laborious and the results obtained may not guarantee satisfactory protection of electrical equipment. This work describes the application of a Game Engine to the problem of lightning protection of power substations providing the visualization of the 3D protection mesh, the amount of protected components and the highlight of equipment which remain unprotected. In addition, aspects regarding the implementation and the advantages of approaching the problem using Unreal® Engine 4 are described. In order to validate results, a comparison with traditional 2D methods is applied to the same case study to which the proposed technique has been applied. Finally, a comparative study involving different levels of protection using the technique developed in this work is presented, showing that modern game engines can be a powerful accessory for simulations in several areas of engineering. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20engine" title="game engine">game engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolling%20spheres%20method" title=" rolling spheres method"> rolling spheres method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=substation%20protection" title=" substation protection"> substation protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UE4" title=" UE4"> UE4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Unreal%20Engine%204" title=" Unreal Engine 4"> Unreal Engine 4</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80764/using-game-engines-in-lightning-shielding-the-application-of-the-rolling-spheres-method-on-virtual-as-built-power-substations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80764.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">527</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">191</span> Removal of Pb²⁺ from Waste Water Using Nano Silica Spheres Synthesized on CaCO₃ as a Template: Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milton%20Manyangadze">Milton Manyangadze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20Govha"> Joseph Govha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Bala%20Narsaiah"> T. Bala Narsaiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ch.%20Shilpa%20Chakra"> Ch. Shilpa Chakra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The availability and access to fresh water is today a serious global challenge. This has been a direct result of factors such as the current rapid industrialization and industrial growth, persistent droughts in some parts of the world, especially in the sub-Saharan Africa as well as population growth. Growth of the chemical processing industry has also seen an increase in the levels of pollutants in our water bodies which include heavy metals among others. Heavy metals are known to be dangerous to both human and aquatic life. As such, they have been linked to several diseases. This is mainly because they are highly toxic. They are also known to be bio accumulative and non-biodegradable. Lead for example, has been linked to a number of health problems which include damage of vital internal body systems like the nervous and reproductive system as well as the kidneys. From this background therefore, the removal of the toxic heavy metal, Pb2+ from waste water was investigated using nano silica hollow spheres (NSHS) as the adsorbent. Synthesis of NSHS was done using a three-stage process in which CaCO3 nanoparticles were initially prepared as a template. This was followed by treatment of the formed oxide particles with NaSiO3 to give a nanocomposite. Finally, the template was destroyed using 2.0M HCl to give NSHS. Characterization of the nanoparticles was done using analytical techniques like XRD, SEM, and TGA. For the adsorption process, both thermodynamic and equilibrium studies were carried out. Thermodynamic studies were carried out and the Gibbs free energy, Enthalpy and Entropy of the adsorption process were determined. The results revealed that the adsorption process was both endothermic and spontaneous. Equilibrium studies were also carried out in which the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were tested. The results showed that the Langmuir model best described the adsorption equilibrium. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title="characterization">characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endothermic" title=" endothermic"> endothermic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium%20studies" title=" equilibrium studies"> equilibrium studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Freundlich" title=" Freundlich"> Freundlich</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Langmuir" title=" Langmuir"> Langmuir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic%20studies" title=" thermodynamic studies"> thermodynamic studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69806/removal-of-pb2-from-waste-water-using-nano-silica-spheres-synthesized-on-caco3-as-a-template-equilibrium-and-thermodynamic-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69806.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">190</span> “Who Will Marry Me?”: The Marital Status of Disabled Women in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sankalpa%20Satapathy">Sankalpa Satapathy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The stigma attached to disability is very high in India and given its patriarchal society women and their interests have always been pushed to the background. The identity of disabled women is compromised under the social construction of disability which lowers their self-esteem and hampers their development. Disability policies in India have focused on provision of educational and employment opportunities to make them economically productive members of the society. This preoccupation with the materialistic spheres of lives of the disabled has led to a neglect of the private sphere concerning intimate social relationships and motherhood. This paper seeks to bring to forefront the private lives of disabled women. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with twenty seven women with physical disability (congenital/acquired) from Odisha, a state in India. Sampling was done in a manner to include women from various strata of the society to allow meaningful analysis. In a society where paramount importance is attached to wifehood and motherhood, the chances of marriage for disabled women were very low compared to disabled men. Majority believed that marriage and having a family was meant for non disabled women and had decided against getting married. Socialization process was found to be a major factor in determining the ideas and aspirations of disabled women. They were clearly sidelined by their families on the issue of marriage. Education and employment levels did not seem to increase the appeal of disabled women to prospective suitors. But not all the women interviewed were closed to the idea of intimate relationships and marriage. Disabled women who were married or hoped to get married in future were found to have a better body image and greater self motivation. It is interesting to understand the means by which these women, who have been brought up to internalize ideas of their unattractiveness, undesirability, asexuality and inability to care, established identities which have so long been denied to them. With these stories of personal triumphs an attempt is made for reclamation of private spheres which have been abandoned by disability policies and make them gender sensitive. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability" title="disability">disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marriage" title=" marriage"> marriage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relationships" title=" relationships "> relationships </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23634/who-will-marry-me-the-marital-status-of-disabled-women-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23634.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">189</span> An Analysis of a Canadian Personalized Learning Curriculum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruthanne%20Tobin">Ruthanne Tobin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The shift to a personalized learning (PL) curriculum in Canada represents an innovative approach to teaching and learning that is also evident in various initiatives across the 32-nation OECD. The premise behind PL is that empowering individual learners to have more input into how they access and construct knowledge, and express their understanding of it, will result in more meaningful school experiences and academic success. In this paper presentation, the author reports on a document analysis of the new curriculum in the province of British Columbia. Three theoretical frameworks are used to analyze the new curriculum. Framework 1 focuses on five dominant aspects (FDA) of PL at the classroom level. Framework 2 focuses on conceptualizing and enacting personalized learning (CEPL) within three spheres of influence. Framework 3 focuses on the integration of three types of knowledge (content, technological, and pedagogical). Analysis is ongoing, but preliminary findings suggest that the new curriculum addresses framework 1 quite well, which identifies five areas of personalized learning: 1) assessment for learning; 2) effective teaching and learning; 3) curriculum entitlement (choice); 4) school organization; and 5) “beyond the classroom walls” (learning in the community). Framework 2 appears to be less well developed in the new curriculum. This framework speaks to the dynamics of PL within three spheres of interaction: 1) nested agency, comprised of overarching constraints [and enablers] from policy makers, school administrators and community; 2) relational agency, which refers to a capacity for professionals to develop a network of expertise to serve shared goals; and 3) students’ personalized learning experience, which integrates differentiation with self-regulation strategies. Framework 3 appears to be well executed in the new PL curriculum, as it employs the theoretical model of technological, pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) in which there are three interdependent bodies of knowledge. Notable within this framework is the emphasis on the pairing of technologies with excellent pedagogies to significantly assist students and teachers. This work will be of high relevance to educators interested in innovative school reform. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum%20reform" title="curriculum reform">curriculum reform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K-12%20school%20change" title=" K-12 school change"> K-12 school change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovations%20in%20education" title=" innovations in education"> innovations in education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personalized%20learning" title=" personalized learning "> personalized learning </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59474/an-analysis-of-a-canadian-personalized-learning-curriculum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">188</span> Biocompatible Hydrogel Materials Containing Cytostatics for Cancer Treatment </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Kudlacik-Kramarczyk">S. Kudlacik-Kramarczyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kedzierska"> M. Kedzierska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Tyliszczak"> B. Tyliszczak </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, the continuous development of medicine and related sciences has been observed. Particular emphasis is directed on the development of biomaterials, i.e., non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable materials that may improve the effectiveness of treatment as well as the comfort of patients. This is particularly important in the case of cancer treatment. Currently, there are many methods of cancer treatment based primarily on chemotherapy and the surgical removal of the tumor, but it is worth noting that these therapies also cause many side effects. Among women, the most common cancer is breast cancer. It may be completely cured, but the consequence of treatment is partial or complete breast mastectomy and radiation therapy, which results in severe skin burns. The skin of the patient after radiation therapy is very burned, and therefore requires intensive care and high frequency of dressing changes. The traditional dressing adheres to the burn wounds and does not absorb adequate amount of exudate from injuries and the patient is forced to change the dressing every 2 hours. Therefore, the main purpose was to develop an innovative combination of dressing material with drug carriers that may be used in anti-cancer therapy. The innovation of this solution is the combination of these two products into one system, i.e., a transdermal system with the possibility of a controlled release of the drug- cytostatic. Besides, the possibility of modifying the hydrogel matrix with aloe vera juice provides this material with new features favorable from the point of view of healing processes of burn wounds resulting from the radiation therapy. In this study, hydrogel materials containing protein spheres with the active substance have been obtained as a result of photopolymerization process. The reaction mixture consisting of the protein (albumin) spheres incorporated with cytostatic, chitosan, adequate crosslinking agent and photoinitiator has been subjected to the UV radiation for 2 minutes. Prepared materials have been subjected to the numerous studies including the analysis of cytotoxicity using murine fibroblasts L929. Analysis was conducted based on the mitochondrial activity test (MTT reduction assay) which involves the determining the number of cells characterized by proper metabolism. Hydrogel materials obtained using different amount of crosslinking agents have been subjected to the cytotoxicity analysis. According to the standards, tested material is defined as cytotoxic when the viability of cells after 24 h incubation with this material is lower than 70%. In the research, hydrogel polymer materials containing protein spheres incorporated with the active substance, i.e. a cytostatic, have been developed. Such a dressing may support the treatment of cancer due to the content of the anti-cancer drug - cytostatic, and may also provide a soothing effect on the healing of the burn wounds resulted from the radiation therapy due to the content of aloe vera juice in the hydrogel matrix. Based on the conducted cytotoxicity studies, it may be concluded that the obtained materials do not adversely affect the tested cell lines, therefore they can be subjected to more advanced analyzes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogel%20polymers" title="hydrogel polymers">hydrogel polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytostatics" title=" cytostatics"> cytostatics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20carriers" title=" drug carriers"> drug carriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114316/biocompatible-hydrogel-materials-containing-cytostatics-for-cancer-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-carbon%20spheres&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-carbon%20spheres&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-carbon%20spheres&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-carbon%20spheres&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-carbon%20spheres&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-carbon%20spheres&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-carbon%20spheres&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pt-carbon%20spheres&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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