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id="toc-Correct_style-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Form_and_spacing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Form_and_spacing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Form and spacing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Form_and_spacing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Usage_in_text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Usage_in_text"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Usage in text</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Usage_in_text-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Evolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Evolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Encodings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Encodings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Encodings</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Encodings-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Encodings subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Encodings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Unicode" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unicode"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Unicode</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unicode-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ASCII" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ASCII"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>ASCII</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ASCII-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Other uses</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other uses subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_computers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_computers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>In computers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_computers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_linguistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_linguistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>In linguistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_linguistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Percent sign</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 26 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-26" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">26 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83" title="Знак працэнту – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Знак працэнту" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procenttegn" title="Procenttegn – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Procenttegn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proseantamearka" title="Proseantamearka – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Proseantamearka" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prozentzeichen" title="Prozentzeichen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Prozentzeichen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%AF_%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C" title="Σύμβολο επί τοις εκατό – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σύμβολο επί τοις εκατό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signo_de_porcentaje" title="Signo de porcentaje – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Signo de porcentaje" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%AF" title="نماد درصد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نماد درصد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pour_cent" title="Pour cent – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pour cent" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porcentaxe_(s%C3%ADmbolo)" title="Porcentaxe (símbolo) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Porcentaxe (símbolo)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%B1%EB%B6%84%EC%9C%A8_%EA%B8%B0%ED%98%B8" title="백분율 기호 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="백분율 기호" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%AB_%D5%B6%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Տոկոսի նշան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տոկոսի նշան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simbolo_di_po_cent" title="Simbolo di po cent – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Simbolo di po cent" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanda_persen" title="Tanda persen – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tanda persen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simbolo_di_percentuale" title="Simbolo di percentuale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Simbolo di percentuale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A1zal%C3%A9kjel" title="Százalékjel – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Százalékjel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Знак за отсто – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Знак за отсто" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procentteken" title="Procentteken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Procentteken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E8%A8%98%E5%8F%B7" title="パーセント記号 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パーセント記号" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procent_(symbol)" title="Procent (symbol) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Procent (symbol)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Знак процента – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Знак процента" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AB" title="ප්‍රතිශත ලකුණ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රතිශත ලකුණ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procenttecken" title="Procenttecken – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Procenttecken" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Y%C3%BCzde_i%C5%9Fareti" title="Yüzde işareti – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yüzde işareti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Знак відсотка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Знак відсотка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BD_hi%E1%BB%87u_ph%E1%BA%A7n_tr%C4%83m" title="Ký hiệu phần trăm – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ký hiệu phần trăm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E8%99%9F" title="百分號 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%25&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="%">%</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Symbol for the fraction of a hundred</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"%" redirects here. For the mod sign as used in modular arithmetic, see <a href="/wiki/Modular_arithmetic" title="Modular arithmetic">Modular arithmetic</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="max-width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #ccc; font-size: 500%; line-height:1.3; font-weight:normal; font-family:'times new roman', times, georgia, serif, sans-serif;">%</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccc;"><div style="background: #ccc; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; padding: 0.1em 0.25em 0.2em; line-height: 1.2em;">Percent sign</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced">U+0025</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">%</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">PERCENT SIGN</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">&percnt;</span>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccc;">Different from</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Different from</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+2052</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">⁒</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'"><a href="/wiki/Obelus#In_mathematics" title="Obelus">COMMERCIAL MINUS SIGN</a></span><br /><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+00F7</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">÷</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'"><a href="/wiki/Division_sign" title="Division sign">DIVISION SIGN</a></span><br /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccc;">Related</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">See also</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+2030</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">‰</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'"><a href="/wiki/Per_mille_sign" class="mw-redirect" title="Per mille sign">PER MILLE SIGN</a></span><br /><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+2031</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">‱</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'"><a href="/wiki/Basis_point" title="Basis point">PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN</a></span> (<a href="/wiki/Basis_point" title="Basis point">Basis point</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>percent sign</b> <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">%</span> (sometimes <b>per cent sign</b> in <a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">British English</a>) is the symbol used to indicate a <a href="/wiki/Percentage" title="Percentage">percentage</a>, a number or <a href="/wiki/Ratio" title="Ratio">ratio</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Fraction_(mathematics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fraction (mathematics)">fraction</a> of 100. Related signs include the <a href="/wiki/Permille" class="mw-redirect" title="Permille">permille</a> (per thousand) sign <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">‰</span> and the <a href="/wiki/Basis_point#Permyriad" title="Basis point">permyriad</a> (per ten thousand) sign <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">‱</span> (also known as a <a href="/wiki/Basis_point" title="Basis point">basis point</a>), which indicate that a number is divided by one thousand or ten thousand, respectively. Higher proportions use <a href="/wiki/Parts-per_notation" title="Parts-per notation">parts-per notation</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Correct_style">Correct style</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Correct style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Form_and_spacing">Form and spacing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Form and spacing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>English style guides prescribe writing the percent sign following the number without any space between (e.g. 50%).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>sources 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/International_System_of_Units" title="International System of Units">International System of Units</a> and <a href="/wiki/ISO_31-0" title="ISO 31-0">ISO 31-0</a> standard prescribe a space between the number and percent sign,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in line with the general practice of using a <a href="/wiki/Non-breaking_space" title="Non-breaking space">non-breaking space</a> between a <a href="/wiki/Numerical_value" class="mw-redirect" title="Numerical value">numerical value</a> and its corresponding <a href="/wiki/Unit_of_measurement" title="Unit of measurement">unit of measurement</a>. </p><p>Other languages have other rules for spacing in front of the percent sign: </p> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Slovak_language" title="Slovak language">Slovak</a>, the percent sign is spaced with a non-breaking space if the number is used as a noun.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Czech, no space is inserted if the number is used as an adjective (e.g. "a 50% increase"),<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whereas Slovak uses a non-breaking space in this case as well.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>, the percent sign is spaced<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a non-breaking space.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>, the percent sign is always spaced, and a <a href="/wiki/Finnish_noun_cases" title="Finnish noun cases">case suffix</a> can be attached to it using the <a href="/wiki/Colon_(punctuation)" title="Colon (punctuation)">colon</a> (e.g. <i>50 %:n kasvu</i> 'an increase of 50%').<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>, the percent sign must be spaced with a non-breaking space.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>According to the <a href="/wiki/Real_Academia_Espa%C3%B1ola" class="mw-redirect" title="Real Academia Española">Real Academia Española</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>, the percent sign should be spaced now, despite the fact that it is not the linguistic norm.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite that, in North American Spanish (<a href="/wiki/Mexican_Spanish" title="Mexican Spanish">Mexico</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language_in_the_United_States" title="Spanish language in the United States">US</a>), several style guides and institutions either recommend the percent sign be written following the number without any space between or do so in their own publications in accordance with common usage in that region.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>, the percent sign is rarely spaced, contrary to the guidelines of the GOST 8.417-2002 state standard.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>, the percent sign is almost never spaced, probably because Chinese does not use spaces to separate characters or words at all.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2010)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>According to the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Language_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish Language Council">Swedish Language Council</a>, the percent sign should be preceded by a space in <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>, as all other units.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>, the space is prescribed by the regulatory body in the national standard <a href="/wiki/DIN_5008" title="DIN 5008">DIN 5008</a>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> and some other <a href="/wiki/Turkic_languages" title="Turkic languages">Turkic languages</a>, the percent sign precedes rather than follows the number, without an intervening space.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> texts, the percent sign may either precede or follow the number, in either case without a space.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>, the percent sign follows the number; as Arabic is written from <a href="/wiki/Right_to_left" class="mw-redirect" title="Right to left">right to left</a>, this means that the percent sign is to the left of the number, usually without a space.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>, the percent sign is written to the right of the number, just as in English, without an intervening space. This is because numbers in Hebrew (which otherwise is written from right to left) are written from left to right, as in English.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>, the official rule (<a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Normalization" title="Bureau of Normalization">NBN</a> Z 01-002) is to place a space between the number and the sign (e.g. "een stijging van 50 %"), but most of the time, the space is missing (e.g. "een stijging van 50%").<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Usage_in_text">Usage in text</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Usage in text"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is often recommended that the percent sign only be used in tables and other places with space restrictions. In running text, it should be spelled out as <i>percent</i> or <i>per cent</i> (often in newspapers). For example, not "Sales increased by 24% over 2006" but "Sales increased by 24 percent over 2006".<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to 1425, there is no known evidence of a special symbol being used for percentages. The <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> term <i>per cento</i>, "for a hundred", was used as well as several different abbreviations (e.g. "per 100", "p 100", "p cento"). Examples of this can be seen in the 1339 arithmetic text (author unknown) depicted below.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._437_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._437-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The letter p with its <a href="/wiki/Descender" title="Descender">descender</a> crossed by a horizontal or diagonal stroke (to indicate abbreviation) <a href="/wiki/Scribal_abbreviation" title="Scribal abbreviation">conventionally stood</a> for per, por, par, or pur in Medieval and Renaissance <a href="/wiki/Palaeography" title="Palaeography">palaeography</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Percent_sign_in_1339.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="1339 arithmetic text" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Percent_sign_in_1339.png/400px-Percent_sign_in_1339.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Percent_sign_in_1339.png 1.5x" data-file-width="498" data-file-height="226" /></a><figcaption>1339 arithmetic text in <i>Rara Arithmetica</i>, p. 437</figcaption></figure><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></dd></dl> <p>At some point, a scribe used the abbreviation <i>pc</i> with a tiny loop or circle (depicting the ending <i>-o</i> used in <a href="/wiki/Masculine_ordinal" class="mw-redirect" title="Masculine ordinal">Italian ordinals</a>, as in <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">primo</i></span>, <span title="Italian-language text"><i lang="it">secondo</i></span>; it is analogous to the English <i>-th</i> as in <i>25th</i>). This appears in some additional pages of a 1425 text which were probably added around 1435.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898pp._439-440_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1898pp._439-440-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Percent_sign_in_1425.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Percent_sign_in_1425.png/290px-Percent_sign_in_1425.png" decoding="async" width="290" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Percent_sign_in_1425.png 1.5x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="119" /></a><figcaption>1425 arithmetic text in <i>Rara Arithmetica</i>, p. 440<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._440_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._440-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></dd></dl> <p>The <i>pc</i> with a loop eventually evolved into a horizontal fraction sign by 1650 (see below for an example in a 1684 text)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._441_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._441-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and thereafter lost the <i>per</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._440_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._440-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Percent_sign_in_1648.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="1684 arithmetic text" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Percent_sign_in_1648.png/250px-Percent_sign_in_1648.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Percent_sign_in_1648.png/330px-Percent_sign_in_1648.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Percent_sign_in_1648.png/360px-Percent_sign_in_1648.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="157" /></a><figcaption>1684 arithmetic text in <i>Rara Arithmetica</i>, p. 441</figcaption></figure><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></dd></dl> <p>In 1925, D. E. Smith wrote, "The <a href="/wiki/Solidus_(punctuation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Solidus (punctuation)">solidus</a> form (<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Percentsign_in_Poor_Richard_font.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A modern percentage sign, a diagonal line with a zero on either side" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Percentsign_in_Poor_Richard_font.png/20px-Percentsign_in_Poor_Richard_font.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Percentsign_in_Poor_Richard_font.png/30px-Percentsign_in_Poor_Richard_font.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Percentsign_in_Poor_Richard_font.png/40px-Percentsign_in_Poor_Richard_font.png 2x" data-file-width="77" data-file-height="71" /></a></span>) is modern."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1925Vol._2,_p._250_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1925Vol._2,_p._250-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Encodings">Encodings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Encodings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unicode">Unicode</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Unicode"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> code points are: </p> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+0025</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">%</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">PERCENT SIGN</span> (HTML <code>&#37;</code>, <code>&percnt;</code><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>),</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+FF05</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">％</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'"><a href="/wiki/Halfwidth_and_fullwidth_forms" title="Halfwidth and fullwidth forms">FULLWIDTH PERCENT SIGN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+FE6A</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">﹪</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'"><a href="/wiki/Small_Form_Variants" title="Small Form Variants">SMALL PERCENT SIGN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+066A</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">٪</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">ARABIC PERCENT SIGN</span>, which has the circles replaced by square dots set on edge, the shape of the digit 0 in <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Arabic_numerals" title="Eastern Arabic numerals">Eastern Arabic numerals</a>.</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+332B</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">㌫</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">SQUARE PAASENTO</span>, <span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">パーセント</span></span> (<span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn">pāsento</i></span>, from English "percent") in one square character.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ASCII">ASCII</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: ASCII"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/ASCII_code" class="mw-redirect" title="ASCII code">ASCII code</a> for the percent <a href="/wiki/Character_(computing)" title="Character (computing)">character</a> is 37, or 0x25 in <a href="/wiki/Hexadecimal" title="Hexadecimal">hexadecimal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_uses">Other uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_computers">In computers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In computers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Names for the percent sign include percent sign (in <a href="/wiki/ITU-T" title="ITU-T">ITU-T</a>), <a href="/wiki/Modulo_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Modulo operation">mod</a>, grapes (in <a href="/wiki/Hacker_(programmer_subculture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hacker (programmer subculture)">hacker</a> <a href="/wiki/Jargon" title="Jargon">jargon</a>),<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and the humorous double-oh-seven (in <a href="/wiki/INTERCAL" title="INTERCAL">INTERCAL</a>). </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Computing" title="Computing">computing</a>, the percent <a href="/wiki/Character_(computing)" title="Character (computing)">character</a> is also used for the <a href="/wiki/Modulo_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Modulo operation">modulo operation</a> in <a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">programming languages</a> that derive their syntax from the <a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C programming language</a>, which in turn acquired this usage from the earlier <a href="/wiki/B_(programming_language)" title="B (programming language)">B</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the textual representation of <a href="/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Identifier" title="Uniform Resource Identifier">URIs</a>, a % immediately followed by a 2-digit <a href="/wiki/Hexadecimal" title="Hexadecimal">hexadecimal</a> number denotes an octet specifying (part of) a character that might otherwise not be allowed in URIs (see <a href="/wiki/Percent-encoding" title="Percent-encoding">percent-encoding</a>). </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/SQL" title="SQL">SQL</a>, the percent sign is a <a href="/wiki/Wildcard_character" title="Wildcard character">wildcard character</a> in "LIKE" expressions, for example <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-sql mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr"><span class="k">SELECT</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="o">*</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">FROM</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">table</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">WHERE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n">fullname</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="k">LIKE</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="s1">'Lisa %'</span></code> will fetch all records whose names start with "<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">Lisa </span>". </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/TeX" title="TeX">TeX</a> (and therefore also in <a href="/wiki/LaTeX" title="LaTeX">LaTeX</a>) and <a href="/wiki/PostScript" title="PostScript">PostScript</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/GNU_Octave" title="GNU Octave">GNU Octave</a> and <a href="/wiki/MATLAB" title="MATLAB">MATLAB</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a % denotes a line <a href="/wiki/Comment_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Comment (computing)">comment</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/BASIC" title="BASIC">BASIC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic" title="Visual Basic">Visual Basic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Active_Server_Pages" title="Active Server Pages">ASP</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_for_Applications" title="Visual Basic for Applications">VBA</a> a trailing % after a variable name marks it as an <a href="/wiki/Integer" title="Integer">integer</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Active_Server_Pages" title="Active Server Pages">ASP</a>, the percent sign can be used to indicate the start and end of the ASP code <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-text mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr"><%...... %></code> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Perl" title="Perl">Perl</a> % is the <a href="/wiki/Sigil_(computer_programming)" title="Sigil (computer programming)">sigil</a> for <a href="/wiki/Hash_table" title="Hash table">hashes</a>. </p><p>In many programming languages' string formatting operations (performed by functions such as <code><a href="/wiki/Printf" title="Printf">printf</a></code> and <code><a href="/wiki/Scanf" title="Scanf">scanf</a></code>), the percent sign denotes parts of the template string that will be replaced with arguments. (See <a href="/wiki/Printf_format_string" class="mw-redirect" title="Printf format string">printf format string</a>.) In <a href="/wiki/Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruby_(programming_language)" title="Ruby (programming language)">Ruby</a> the percent sign is also used as the string formatting operator.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Command_processor" class="mw-redirect" title="Command processor">command processors</a> <a href="/wiki/COMMAND.COM" title="COMMAND.COM">COMMAND.COM</a> (DOS) and <a href="/wiki/CMD.EXE" class="mw-redirect" title="CMD.EXE">CMD.EXE</a> (OS/2 and Windows), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">%1, %2</span>,... stand for the first, second,... parameters of a <a href="/wiki/Batch_file" title="Batch file">batch file</a>. %0 stands for the specification of the batch file itself as typed on the command line. The % sign is also used similarly in the FOR command. %VAR1% represents the value of an <a href="/wiki/Environment_variable" title="Environment variable">environment variable</a> named VAR1. Thus: <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bat mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr"><span class="k">set</span> <span class="nv">PATH</span><span class="p">=</span>c:\;<span class="nv">%PATH%</span></code> sets a new value for PATH, that being the old value preceded by "<code>c:\;</code>". Because these uses give the percent sign special meaning, the sequence %% (two percent signs) is used to represent a literal percent sign, so that: <code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-bat mw-content-ltr" style="" dir="ltr"><span class="k">set</span> <span class="nv">PATH</span><span class="p">=</span>c:\;<span class="se">%%</span>PATH<span class="se">%%</span></code> would set PATH to the literal value "<code>c:\;%PATH%</code>". </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/C_Shell" class="mw-redirect" title="C Shell">C Shell</a>, % is part of the default <a href="/wiki/Prompt_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prompt (computing)">command prompt</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_linguistics">In linguistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: In linguistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In linguistics, the percent sign is prepended to an example sentence or other <a href="/wiki/String_(computer_science)" title="String (computer science)">string</a> to show that it is judged <a href="/wiki/Well-formed_formula" title="Well-formed formula">well-formed</a> (grammatical) by some speakers and ill-formed by others. This may be due to differences in <a href="/wiki/Dialect" title="Dialect">dialect</a> or even individual <a href="/wiki/Idiolect" title="Idiolect">idiolects</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This use is similar to those of the <a href="/wiki/Asterisk#Ungrammaticality" title="Asterisk">asterisk</a> to mark ill-formed strings, the <a href="/wiki/Question_mark#Linguistics" title="Question mark">question mark</a> to mark strings where well-formedness is unclear, and the <a href="/wiki/Number_sign#Other_uses" title="Number sign">number sign</a> to mark strings that are syntactically well-formed but semantically or pragmatically nonsensical. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metacharacter" title="Metacharacter">Metacharacter</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+2030</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">‰</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'"><a href="/wiki/%E2%80%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="‰">PER MILLE SIGN</a></span>,</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049734" /><span class="monospaced">U+2031</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">‱</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'"><a href="/wiki/Basis_point" title="Basis point">PER TEN THOUSAND SIGN</a></span> (also known as <a href="/wiki/Basis_point" title="Basis point">basis point</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px 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Academia Mexicana de la Lengua. 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230206061748/https://www.academia.org.mx/consultas/consultas-frecuentes/item/porcentaje">Archived</a> from the original on 6 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=academia.org.mx&rft.atitle=%C2%BFEn+un+texto%2C+es+correcto+usar+el+signo+de+porcentaje+o+tiene+que+escribirse+por+ciento%3F&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.org.mx%2Fconsultas%2Fconsultas-frecuentes%2Fitem%2Fporcentaje&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vlaanderen.be/taaladvies/procentteken-spatie">"procentteken (spatie)"</a>. <i>www.vlaanderen.be</i> (in Dutch)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.vlaanderen.be&rft.atitle=procentteken+%28spatie%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vlaanderen.be%2Ftaaladvies%2Fprocentteken-spatie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071225140441/http://www.aeaweb.org/aer/styleguide.html">"American Economic Review: Style Guide"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UNC+Pharmacy+style+guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pharmacy.unc.edu%2Fnews%2Fcommunications-office%2Fstyle-guide&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071102153519/http://www.colorado.edu/Publications/styleguide/numbers.html">"University of Colorado style guide"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Colorado+style+guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.colorado.edu%2FPublications%2Fstyleguide%2Fnumbers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._437-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._437_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1898">Smith (1898)</a>, p. 437.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://inkunabeln.ub.uni-koeln.de/vdibProduction/handapparat/nachs_w/cappelli/capp317.html">Letter p.</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090418131146/http://inkunabeln.ub.uni-koeln.de/vdibProduction/handapparat/nachs_w/cappelli/capp317.html">Archived</a> 18 April 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) / Cappelli, Adriano: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://inkunabeln.ub.uni-koeln.de/vdibProduction/handapparat/nachs_w/cappelli/cappelli.html">Lexicon Abbreviaturarum</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150508180936/http://inkunabeln.ub.uni-koeln.de/vdibProduction/handapparat/nachs_w/cappelli/cappelli.html">Archived</a> 8 May 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>). 2. verb. Aufl. Leipzig 1928. Wörterbuch der Abkürzungen: pp. 256–257.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1898pp._439-440-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898pp._439-440_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1898">Smith (1898)</a>, pp. 439-440.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._440-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._440_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._440_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1898">Smith (1898)</a>, p. 440.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._441-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1898p._441_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1898">Smith (1898)</a>, p. 441.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1925Vol._2,_p._250-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1925Vol._2,_p._250_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1925">Smith (1925)</a>, Vol. 2, p. 250.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">HTML5 is the only version of HTML that has a named entity for the percent sign, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/sgml/entities.html">https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/sgml/entities.html</a> ("The following sections present the complete lists of character entity references.") and <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/CR-html5-20140731/syntax.html#named-character-references">https://www.w3.org/TR/2014/CR-html5-20140731/syntax.html#named-character-references</a> ("percnt;").</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThompson1996" class="citation web cs1">Thompson, Ken (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060706005453/http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/kbman.html">"Users' Reference to B"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/kbman.html">the original</a> on 6 July 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Users%27+Reference+to+B&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcm.bell-labs.com%2Fcm%2Fcs%2Fwho%2Fdmr%2Fkbman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://octave.org/doc/interpreter/Single-Line-Comments.html#Single-Line-Comments">"2.7.1 Single Line Comments"</a>. GNU<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2.7.1+Single+Line+Comments&rft.pub=GNU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foctave.org%2Fdoc%2Finterpreter%2FSingle-Line-Comments.html%23Single-Line-Comments&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.python.org/2/library/stdtypes.html#string-formatting">"Python 2 – String Formatting Operations"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ruby+%E2%80%93+String%23%25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fruby-doc.org%2Fcore%2FString.html%23method-i-25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTrask1993" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Larry_Trask" title="Larry Trask">Trask, R. L.</a> (1993). <i>A Dictionary of Grammatical Terms in Linguistics</i>. London: Routledge. p. 203. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-08627-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-08627-2"><bdi>0-415-08627-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Grammatical+Terms+in+Linguistics&rft.place=London&rft.pages=203&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-415-08627-2&rft.aulast=Trask&rft.aufirst=R.+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCrystal2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Crystal" title="David Crystal">Crystal, David</a> (2008). <i>A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics</i> (6th ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 355. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-5296-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-5296-9"><bdi>978-1-4051-5296-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Linguistics+and+Phonetics&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=355&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-4051-5296-9&rft.aulast=Crystal&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmith1898" class="citation cs2">Smith, D. E. (1898), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/raraarithmeticac00smituoft"><i>Rara Arithmetica: a catalogue of the arithmetics written before MDCI, with description of those in the library of George Arthur Plimpton of New York</i></a>, Boston: Ginn</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rara+Arithmetica%3A+a+catalogue+of+the+arithmetics+written+before+MDCI%2C+with+description+of+those+in+the+library+of+George+Arthur+Plimpton+of+New+York&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Ginn&rft.date=1898&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=D.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fraraarithmeticac00smituoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSmith1925" class="citation cs2">Smith, D. E. (1925), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofmathema0000unse_u3l1/page/n3/mode/2up"><i>History of Mathematics</i></a>, vol. 2, Boston: Ginn</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+Mathematics&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Ginn&rft.date=1925&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=D.+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistoryofmathema0000unse_u3l1%2Fpage%2Fn3%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercent+sign" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Common_punctuation_and_other_typographical_symbols479" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox_punctuation" title="Template:Navbox punctuation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Navbox_punctuation" title="Template talk:Navbox punctuation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Navbox_punctuation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Navbox punctuation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Common_punctuation_and_other_typographical_symbols479" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Common <a href="/wiki/Punctuation" title="Punctuation">punctuation</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Typography" title="Typography">typographical</a> symbols</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;">   </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Space_(punctuation)" title="Space (punctuation)">space</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> , </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Comma" title="Comma">comma</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> : </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Colon_(punctuation)" title="Colon (punctuation)">colon</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ; </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Semicolon" title="Semicolon">semicolon</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‐ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Hyphen" title="Hyphen">hyphen</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ’ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ' </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Apostrophe" title="Apostrophe">apostrophe</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ′ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ″ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‴ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Prime_(symbol)" title="Prime (symbol)">prime</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> . </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Full_stop" title="Full stop">full stop</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> & </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Ampersand" title="Ampersand">ampersand</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> @ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/At_sign" title="At sign">at sign</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ^ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Caret" title="Caret">caret</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> / </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Slash_(punctuation)" title="Slash (punctuation)">slash</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> \ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Backslash" title="Backslash">backslash</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> … </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Ellipsis" title="Ellipsis">ellipsis</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> * </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Asterisk" title="Asterisk">asterisk</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ※ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Reference_mark" title="Reference mark">Reference mark</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ⁂ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Asterism_(typography)" title="Asterism (typography)">asterism</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> <span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"> </span>•<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"> </span>•<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"> </span>•<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"> </span> </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Dinkus" title="Dinkus">dinkus</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> - </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Hyphen-minus" title="Hyphen-minus">hyphen-minus</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‒ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> – </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> — </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Dash" title="Dash">dash</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ⹀ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ⸗ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Double_hyphen" title="Double hyphen">double hyphen</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ? </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Question_mark" title="Question mark">question mark</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ! </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Exclamation_mark" title="Exclamation mark">exclamation mark</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‽ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Interrobang" title="Interrobang">interrobang</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ¡ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ¿ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Inverted_question_and_exclamation_marks" class="mw-redirect" title="Inverted question and exclamation marks">inverted ! and ?</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ⸮ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Irony_punctuation" title="Irony punctuation">irony punctuation</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> # </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Number_sign" title="Number sign">number sign</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> № </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Numero_sign" title="Numero sign">numero sign</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> º </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ª </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Ordinal_indicator" title="Ordinal indicator">ordinal indicator</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> % </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">percent sign</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‰ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Per_mille" title="Per mille">per mille</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‱ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Basis_point" title="Basis point">basis point</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ° </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Degree_symbol" title="Degree symbol">degree symbol</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ⌀ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Diameter#Symbol" title="Diameter">diameter sign</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> + </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> − </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Plus_and_minus_signs" title="Plus and minus signs">plus and minus signs</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> × </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Multiplication_sign" title="Multiplication sign">multiplication sign</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ÷ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Division_sign" title="Division sign">division sign</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ~ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Tilde" title="Tilde">tilde</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ± </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Plus%E2%80%93minus_sign" title="Plus–minus sign">plus–minus sign</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ∓ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Minus-plus_sign" class="mw-redirect" title="Minus-plus sign">minus-plus sign</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> √ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Radical_symbol" title="Radical symbol">radical symbol</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> _ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Underscore" title="Underscore">underscore</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> <span style="position: relative; top: 0.25em;">⁀</span> </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Tie_(typography)" title="Tie (typography)">tie</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> | </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ¦ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‖ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Vertical_bar" title="Vertical bar">vertical bar</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> • </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Bullet_(typography)" title="Bullet (typography)">bullet</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> · </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Interpunct" title="Interpunct">interpunct</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> © </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Copyright_symbol" title="Copyright symbol">copyright symbol</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ℗ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Sound_recording_copyright_symbol" title="Sound recording copyright symbol">sound recording copyright</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ® </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Registered_trademark_symbol" title="Registered trademark symbol">registered trademark</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> <sup><span style="font-size:85%">SM</span></sup> </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Service_mark_symbol" title="Service mark symbol">service mark symbol</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> <sup><span style="font-size:85%">TM</span></sup> </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Trademark_symbol" title="Trademark symbol">trademark symbol</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‘ ’ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> “ ” </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ' ' </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> " " </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Quotation_mark" title="Quotation mark">quotation mark</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‹ › </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> « » </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Guillemet" title="Guillemet">guillemet</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ( ) </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> [ ] </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> { } </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ⟨ ⟩ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Bracket" title="Bracket">bracket</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ” </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Ditto_mark" title="Ditto mark">ditto mark</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> † </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ‡ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Dagger_(mark)" title="Dagger (mark)">dagger</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ❧ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Fleuron_(typography)" title="Fleuron (typography)">fleuron</a> (hedera, aldus)</span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ☞ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Manicule" title="Manicule">manicule</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ◊ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ⌑ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Lozenge_(shape)" title="Lozenge (shape)">lozenge</a></span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ¶ </span> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> ⸿ </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Pilcrow" title="Pilcrow">pilcrow</a> (paragraph mark)</span></span> </li> <li><span class="nowrap"> <span style="background: var( --background-color-neutral, #eaecf0 ); color: inherit; font-size:125%;"> § </span>  <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Section_sign" title="Section sign">section mark</a></span></span> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_typographical_symbols_and_punctuation_marks" title="List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks">Version of this table as a sortable list</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Currency_symbol" title="Currency symbol">Currency symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">Diacritics</a> (accents)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_logic_symbols" title="List of logic symbols">Logic symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mathematical_symbols" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mathematical symbols">Math symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitespace_character" title="Whitespace character">Whitespace</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_punctuation" title="Chinese punctuation">Chinese punctuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_punctuation" title="Hebrew punctuation">Hebrew punctuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_punctuation" title="Japanese punctuation">Japanese punctuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_punctuation" title="Korean punctuation">Korean punctuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_punctuation" title="Vietnamese punctuation">Vietnamese punctuation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&oldid=1277683390">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Percent_sign&oldid=1277683390</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mathematical_symbols" 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