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Castalian Spring - Wikipedia

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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feunteun_Kastalia" title="Feunteun Kastalia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Feunteun Kastalia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast%C3%A0lia_(font)" title="Castàlia (font) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Castàlia (font)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffynnon_Castalia" title="Ffynnon Castalia – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffynnon Castalia" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kastalische_Quelle" title="Kastalische Quelle – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kastalische Quelle" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kastaalia_allikas" title="Kastaalia allikas – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kastaalia allikas" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%AE" title="Κασταλία πηγή – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κασταλία πηγή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuente_Castalia" title="Fuente Castalia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fuente Castalia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kastaliaren_iturria" title="Kastaliaren iturria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kastaliaren iturria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%D8%B4%D9%85%D9%87_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86" title="چشمه کاستالین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چشمه کاستالین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fontaine_de_Castalie" title="Fontaine de Castalie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fontaine de Castalie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonte_Castalia" title="Fonte Castalia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fonte Castalia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castalius_fons" title="Castalius fons – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Castalius fons" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_kastaliske_kilde" title="Den kastaliske kilde – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Den kastaliske kilde" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%B9r%C3%B3d%C5%82o_Kastalskie" title="Źródło Kastalskie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Źródło Kastalskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonte_de_Cast%C3%A1lia" title="Fonte de Castália – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fonte de Castália" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Кастальский источник – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кастальский источник" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Извор Касталија у Делфима – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Извор Касталија у Делфима" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kastalian_l%C3%A4hde" title="Kastalian 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print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;q=%22Castalian+Spring%22">"Castalian Spring"</a>&#160;–&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&amp;q=%22Castalian+Spring%22+-wikipedia&amp;tbs=ar:1">news</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&amp;q=%22Castalian+Spring%22&amp;tbs=bkt:s&amp;tbm=bks">newspapers</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&amp;q=%22Castalian+Spring%22+-wikipedia">books</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Castalian+Spring%22">scholar</a>&#160;<b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Castalian+Spring%22&amp;acc=on&amp;wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2013</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castalian_Spring.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Castalian_Spring.jpg/220px-Castalian_Spring.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Castalian_Spring.jpg/330px-Castalian_Spring.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Castalian_Spring.jpg/440px-Castalian_Spring.jpg 2x" data-file-width="708" data-file-height="961" /></a><figcaption>Castalian Spring</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castalian_spring_-_The_Roman_fountain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Castalian_spring_-_The_Roman_fountain.jpg/220px-Castalian_spring_-_The_Roman_fountain.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Castalian_spring_-_The_Roman_fountain.jpg/330px-Castalian_spring_-_The_Roman_fountain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Castalian_spring_-_The_Roman_fountain.jpg/440px-Castalian_spring_-_The_Roman_fountain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The Roman Fountain</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castalian_spring_at_Delphi;_the_cavities_in_the_rock_are_for_Wellcome_V0020100.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Castalian_spring_at_Delphi%3B_the_cavities_in_the_rock_are_for_Wellcome_V0020100.jpg/220px-Castalian_spring_at_Delphi%3B_the_cavities_in_the_rock_are_for_Wellcome_V0020100.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Castalian_spring_at_Delphi%3B_the_cavities_in_the_rock_are_for_Wellcome_V0020100.jpg/330px-Castalian_spring_at_Delphi%3B_the_cavities_in_the_rock_are_for_Wellcome_V0020100.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Castalian_spring_at_Delphi%3B_the_cavities_in_the_rock_are_for_Wellcome_V0020100.jpg/440px-Castalian_spring_at_Delphi%3B_the_cavities_in_the_rock_are_for_Wellcome_V0020100.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3044" data-file-height="2416" /></a><figcaption>Print from <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Rudolph_Hay" title="Frederick Rudolph Hay">Frederick Rudolph Hay</a> etching of <a href="/wiki/Edward_Daniel_Clarke" title="Edward Daniel Clarke">Edward Daniel Clarke</a>'s <i>Castalian spring at Delphi</i></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Castalian Spring</b>, in the <a href="/wiki/Ravine" title="Ravine">ravine</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Phaedriades" title="Phaedriades">Phaedriades</a> at <a href="/wiki/Delphi" title="Delphi">Delphi</a>, is where all visitors to Delphi &#8212; the contestants in the <a href="/wiki/Pythian_Games" title="Pythian Games">Pythian Games</a>, and especially pilgrims who came to consult the <a href="/wiki/Pythia" title="Pythia">Delphic Oracle</a> &#8212; stopped to wash themselves and quench their thirst; it is also here that the Pythia and the priests cleansed themselves before the oracle-giving process. Finally Roman poets regarded it as a source of poetic inspiration. According to some mythological versions it was here that <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> killed the monster, <a href="/wiki/Python_(mythology)" title="Python (mythology)">Python</a>, who was guarding the spring, and that is why it was considered to be sacred. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Archaic_fountain">The Archaic fountain</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castalian_Spring&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: The Archaic fountain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two <a href="/wiki/Fountain" title="Fountain">fountains</a>, which were fed by the sacred <a href="/wiki/Spring_(hydrosphere)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring (hydrosphere)">spring</a>, still survive. The archaic 6th century <a href="/wiki/BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="BCE">BCE</a> fountain house has a <a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">marble</a>-lined basin surrounded by benches. Water was brought here by means of a short and small aqueduct and was distributed by a system of water pipes ending in lion-headed spouts.<sup id="cite_ref-Amandry_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amandry-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Roman_fountain">The Roman fountain</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castalian_Spring&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: The Roman fountain"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Roman fountain dates to the 1st century B.C. and is situated about 50 meters higher than the Archaic one. Niches carved on the rock were intended for the <a href="/wiki/Ex-voto" title="Ex-voto">ex votos</a> of the pilgrims. One of them was later transformed into a church of St. John the Baptist. The water of the spring reached the fountain with a closed aqueduct. On the facade of the fountain there were seven bronze spouts. In front of it there was a paved courtyard with stone benches on its three sides.<sup id="cite_ref-Amandry_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amandry-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath_and_other_uses">Aftermath and other uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castalian_Spring&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath and other uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A modern fountain currently stands close to the street leading to the archaeological site of Delphi to offer respite to the travelers. The Castalian Spring fueled poetic inspiration, albeit often confused with the <a href="/wiki/Spring_of_Pieris" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring of Pieris">Spring of Pieris</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Castalian_Band" title="Castalian Band">Castalian Band</a>, a group of poets or <a href="/wiki/Makars" class="mw-redirect" title="Makars">makars</a> associated with the Court of <a href="/wiki/James_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="James VI">James VI</a> of <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a> (including the king himself) drew their name from this source. </p><p>There is a town named <a href="/wiki/Castalian_Springs,_Tennessee" title="Castalian Springs, Tennessee">Castalian Springs</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tennessee" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>. A natural spring in this location was a gathering place for animals. Isaac Bledsoe discovered the spring in 1772. Having built a fort in 1783, Bledsoe, his brother, and their families settled near the spring in 1787. Native Americans killed the two brothers, who are now buried 500 yards northwest of the spring. Consequently, this area was known locally as Bledsoe's Lick. In 1828, a log inn was built, providing guests with "healthy" drinking water and mineral baths. Almost ten years later when the post office was built, the community changed its name from Bledsoe's Lick to Castalian Springs. During this period of time in history, there was a reawakening of interest in classical Greece and Rome. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Castalia,_Ohio" title="Castalia, Ohio">Castalia, Ohio</a>, named after the famed site, the <a href="/wiki/Blue_Hole_(Castalia)" title="Blue Hole (Castalia)">Blue Hole</a> limestone configurations were tourist attractions for many years and are now fish hatcheries. Waters in the blue holes are of a constant temperature and never freeze over despite northern Ohio's cold temperatures. The water which averages 30,000 gallons an hour was first used to supply a local mill. </p><p>Castalian Springs was the name of a now-abandoned spa near <a href="/wiki/Durant,_Mississippi" title="Durant, Mississippi">Durant, Mississippi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Miller_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castalian_Spring&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castalia" title="Castalia">Castalia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castalian_Spring&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Amandry-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Amandry_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amandry_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Amandry, P., <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Notes de topographie et d' architecture Delphiques: VI: la fontaine de Castalie</i></span>, BCH, Suppl.4, 1977, 179-228</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Miller-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Miller_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Miller, Mary Carol, Mary Rose Carter, and Greg Iles, <i>Must See Mississippi: 50 Favorite Places</i>. Univ. Press of Mississippi. 155-158.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Castalian_Spring&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; 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